Iraq

Declaration:

Pursuant to article 3, paragraph 2 of the Protocol, the Government of the Republic of Iraq:
(a) Declares that the minimum age at which it permits voluntary recruitment into its national armed forces is 18 years;
(b) Sets forth below a description of the safeguards it has adopted to ensure that such recruitment is not forced or coerced:
- Such recruitment must be genuinely voluntary;
- Volunteers must present reliable proof of age prior to acceptance into the national armed forces.

Reservation:

The Government of Iraq has seen fit to accept [the Convention] ... subject to a reservation in respect to article 14, paragraph 1, concerning the child's freedom of religion, as allowing a child to change his or her religion runs counter to the provisions of the Islamic Shariah .

Upon signature:

Pursuant to article 310 of the present Convention and with a view to harmonizing Iraqi laws and regulations with the provisions of the Convention, the Republic of Iraq has decided to issue the following statement:
1. The present signature in no way signifies recognition of Israel and implies no relationship with it.
2. Iraq interprets the provisions applying to all types of straits set forth in Part III of the Convention as applying also to navigation between islands situated near those straits if the shipping lanes leaving or entering those straits and defined by the competent international organization lie near such islands.

Reservations:

1. Approval of and accession to this Convention shall not mean that the Republic of Iraq is bound by the provisions of article 2, paragraphs (f) and (g), nor of article 16 of the Convention. The reservation to this last-mentioned article shall be without prejudice to the provisions of the Islamic Shariah according women rights equivalent to the rights of their spouses so as to ensure a just balance between them. Iraq also enters a reservation to article 29, paragraph 1, of this Convention with regard to the principle of international arbitration in connection with the interpretation or application of this Convention.
2. This approval in no way implies recognition of or entry into any relations with Israel.

"Entry into the above Convention by the Republic of Iraq shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or entry into any agreement therewith."

Declaration:

Entry into the above Protocol by the Republic of Iraq shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or be conducive to entry into any relations with it.

"Entry into the [. . .] Agreement by the Republic of Iraq shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or be conducive to entry into any relations with it."

The accession shall in no way signify recognition of Israel or entry into any relation therewith.

(1) The resolution of the United Nations General Assembly with which the above-mentioned Convention is enclosed shall be considered to be an integral part of the above-mentioned Convention.
(2) Sub-paragraph (b) of paragraph (1) of article 1 of the Convention shall cover the representatives of the national liber- ation movements recognized by the League of Arab States or the Organization of African Unity.
(3) The Republic of Iraq shall not bind itself by paragraph (1) of article 13 of the Convention.
(4) The accession of the Government of the Republic of Iraq to the Convention shall in no way constitute a recognition of Israel or a cause for the establishment of any relations of any kind therewith.

Ratification by the Republic of Iraq of the above Convention shall in no way imply recognition of Israel, or be conducive to the establishment of such relations therewith as may be provided for in the Convention.

This accession shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or entry into any relations therewith.

Reservations:

1. The Government of the Republic of Iraq hereby declare that they do not consider themselves bound by the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 of article19 of the Convention inasmuch as those two paragraphs are considered to be an interference in the internal affairs of the Republic of Iraq.
2. The Government of the Republic of Iraq declare that they do not consider themselves to be bound by the provisions of paragraph (2) of article 31 of the said Convention. The Government of the Republic of Iraq consider that recourse to the International Court of Justice in a dispute to which they are party shall not be had except with their approval.
Declaration:

Entry into the above Convention by the Republic of Iraq shall, however, in no way signify recognition of Israel or be conducive to entry into any relations therewith.

Ratification of this Convention by the Republic of Iraq shall under no circumstances signify recognition of or entry into any relations with Israel.

[See chapter IV.3.]

Upon signature and confirmed upon ratification:

"The entry of the Republic of Iraq as a party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights shall in no way signify recognition of Israel nor shall it entail any obligation towards Israel under the said two Covenants."
"The entry of the Republic of Iraq as a party to the above two Covenants shall not constitute entry by it as a party to the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights."
Upon ratification:

"Ratification by Iraq ... shall in no way signify recognition of Israel nor shall it be conducive to entry with her into such dealings as are regulated by the said [Covenant]."

Upon signature:

"The Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Iraq hereby declares that signature for and on behalf of the Republic of Iraq of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, which was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 21 December 1965, as well as approval by the Arab States of the said Convention and entry into it by their respective governments, shall in no way signify recognition of Israel or lead to entry by the Arab States into such dealings with Israel as may be regulated by the said Convention.
"Furthermore, the Government of the Republic of Iraq does not consider itself bound by the provisions of article twenty-two of the Convention afore-mentioned and affirms its reservation that it does not accept the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice provided for in the said article."
Upon ratification:

1. The acceptance and ratification of the Convention by Iraq shall in no way signify recognition of Israel or be conducive to entry by Iraq into such dealings with Israel as are regulated by the Convention;
2. Iraq does not accept the provisions of article 22 of the Convention, concerning the compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice. The Republic of Iraq does not consider itself to be bound by the provisions of article 22 of the Convention and deems it necessary that in all cases the approval of all parties to the dispute be secured before the case is referred to the International Court of Justice.

The accession of the Republic of Iraq to this Convention shall in no way constitute recognition of the Member of the United Nations called Israel or imply any obligation toward or relation with the said Member.

"With reservation that paragraph 2 of article 37 shall be applied on the basis of reciprocity."

Reservation:

First, the provisions of the Convention shall not be applicable to the Republic of Iraq with respect to arbitral awards made before the law enters into force.
Second, the Convention shall be applicable with respect to the recognition and enforcement of awards made in the territory of another Contracting State only on the basis of reciprocity.
Third, the Convention shall be applicable to the Republic of Iraq only with respect to differences arising from contractual legal relations which are considered commercial under Iraqi law.

Accession by the Republic of Iraq to the Agreement shall [. . .] in no way imply recognition of Israel or lead to entry into any relations with it.

The participation of the Republic of Iraq in this Convention shall, however, in no way signify recognition of, or entry into any relations with Israel.
The Republic of Iraq hereby declares that article 1 (b) of the Convention is not in conflict with the measures taken by it to encourage and assist national shipping companies, such as the granting of financial loans, the assignment of cargo vessels flying its flag to carry specific goods and the assignment of commercial vessels, or any other measures aimed at the development and growth of the national fleet or national shipping.