§ 02 — jurisdictions

Nepal

International treaties · All documents of the country

Treaties: 78 (party — 66, withdrew — 0, signed only — 12). Source: UN Treaty Collection (Depositary of the Secretary-General).

Party (66)

Treaty Adopted Participation Declarations and reservations
Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (15 October 2016) Oct 15, 2016
Aug 6, 2025 ratification
Paris Agreement (12 December 2015) Dec 12, 2015
Apr 22, 2016 signature
Oct 5, 2016 ratification
Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity (29 October 2010) Oct 29, 2010
Dec 28, 2018 accession
Intergovernmental Agreement on the Trans-Asian Railway Network (with annexes) (12 April 2006) Apr 12, 2006
Nov 10, 2006 signature
Mar 6, 2012 ratification
Межправительственное соглашение по сети азиатских автомобильных дорог от 18 ноября 2003 г. Nov 18, 2003
Apr 26, 2004 signature
Jun 14, 2010 ratification
United Nations Convention against Corruption (31 October 2003) Oct 31, 2003
Dec 10, 2003 signature
Mar 29, 2011 ratification
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Reservation:

“The Government of Nepal does not consider itself bound by the provision of Article 66 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption under which any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of the Convention, at the request of one of those States to the dispute shall be submitted to arbitration, or any of those States Parties may refer the dispute in question to the International Court of Justice.”
WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control от 21 мая 2003 г. May 21, 2003
Dec 3, 2003 signature
Nov 7, 2006 ratification
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (22 May 2001) May 22, 2001
Apr 5, 2002 signature
Mar 6, 2007 ratification
Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (15 November 2000) Nov 15, 2000
Jun 16, 2020 accession
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Reservation:

“In accordance with Article 15 (3), the Government of Nepal declares that it does not consider itself bound by the obligation set forth in Article 15 (2).”
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (15 November 2000) Nov 15, 2000
Dec 12, 2002 signature
Dec 23, 2011 ratification
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Reservation:

“In accordance with Article 35, paragraph 3, the Government of Nepal declares that it does not consider itself bound by the obligation set forth in Article 35, paragraph 2.
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography (25 May 2000) May 25, 2000
Sep 8, 2000 signature
Jan 20, 2006 ratification
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict (25 May 2000) May 25, 2000
Sep 8, 2000 signature
Jan 3, 2007 ratification
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Declaration:

"(1) The minimum age for recruitment in the Nepal Army and the Armed Police Force shall be 18 years.
(2) The recruitment in the Nepal Army and the Armed Police Force shall be voluntary and shall be conducted through open competition."
International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism (9 December 1999) Dec 9, 1999
Dec 23, 2011 accession
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Reservation

“Nepal hereby declares that it does not consider itself bound by the provision of paragraph 1 of Article 24 of the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism.”
Declaration in regard to article 2, paragraph 2 (a)

“[The] Government of Nepal declares that as Nepal is not a party to the following Conventions referred to in Annex to the International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of such conventions until Nepal becomes a party:
1. Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material, adopted at Vienna on 3 March 1980.
2. Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts of Violence at Airports Serving International Civil Aviation, supplementary to the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation, done at Montreal on 24 February 1988.
3. Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Maritime Navigation, done at Rome on 10 March 1988.
4. Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of fixed Platforms located on the Continental Shelf, done at Rome on 10 March 1988.
5. International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings, adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 15 December 1997.”
Notification:

“Nepal has acceded to the ‘International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, 1999’ on 24 June 2011 according to the National Law. While presenting the proposal for accession to the said Convention in the Legislature Parliament, the Government of Nepal clarified the meaning of the word ‘Terrorism’ as mentioned in the ‘International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism, 1999’ that ‘any acts which are related to political activities will not be considered as the acts of Terrorism’.”
Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade (10 September 1998) Sep 10, 1998
Feb 9, 2007 accession
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (11 December 1997) Dec 11, 1997
Sep 16, 2005 accession
Convention on the Safety of United Nations and Associated Personnel (9 December 1994) Dec 9, 1994
Sep 8, 2000 accession
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Declaration:

“[The Government of Nepal] avails itself of the provisions of article 22, paragraph 2, and declares that it does not consider itself bound by the provisions of paragraph 1 of the said article under which any dispute between two or more States Parties concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention shall at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration or referred to the International Court of Justice, and states that in each individual case, prior consent of all parties to such a dispute is necessary for the submission of the dispute to arbitration or to the International Court of Justice.”
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa (14 October 1994) Oct 14, 1994
Oct 12, 1995 signature
Oct 15, 1996 ratification
Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982 (28 July 1994) Jul 28, 1994
Nov 16, 1994 ratification
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction (3 September 1992) Sep 3, 1992
Jan 19, 1993 signature
Nov 18, 1997 ratification
Convention on Biological Diversity (5 June 1992) Jun 5, 1992
Jun 12, 1992 signature
Nov 23, 1993 ratification
7 . United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (9 May 1992) May 9, 1992
Jun 12, 1992 signature
May 2, 1994 ratification
Второй факультативный протокол к международному пакту о гражданских и политических правах, направленный на отмену смертной казни организация объединенных наций от 15 декабря 1989 г. Dec 15, 1989
Mar 4, 1998 accession
Convention on the Rights of the Child (20 November 1989) Nov 20, 1989
Jan 26, 1990 signature
Sep 14, 1990 ratification
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (22 March 1989) Mar 22, 1989
Oct 15, 1996 accession
United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (20 December 1988) Dec 20, 1988
Jul 24, 1991 accession
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (16 September 1987) Sep 16, 1987
Jul 6, 1994 accession
International Convention against Apartheid in Sports (10 December 1985) Dec 10, 1985
Jun 24, 1986 signature
Mar 1, 1989 ratification
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (22 March 1985) Mar 22, 1985
Jul 6, 1994 accession
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (10 December 1984) Dec 10, 1984
May 14, 1991 accession
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (10 December 1982) Dec 10, 1982
Dec 10, 1982 signature
Nov 2, 1998 ratification
Charter of the Asian and Pacific Development Centre (1 April 1982) Apr 1, 1982
Apr 25, 1983 definitive signature
International Agreement for the Establishment of the University for Peace (5 December 1980) Dec 5, 1980
Sep 27, 2018 accession
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Reservation:
“The Government of Nepal does not consider itself bound to make any financial contribution towards such expenses made under Article 4 of this Agreement.”
21 . Agreement establishing the Common Fund for Commodities (27 June 1980) Jun 27, 1980
Sep 7, 1981 signature
Apr 3, 1984 ratification
Конвенция о ликвидации всех форм дискриминации в отношении женщин объединенных наций 1980 год от 18 декабря 1979 г. Dec 18, 1979
Feb 5, 1991 signature
Apr 22, 1991 ratification
International Convention Against the Taking of Hostages (17 December 1979) Dec 17, 1979
Mar 9, 1990 accession
Constitution of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (8 April 1979) Apr 8, 1979
Aug 11, 1983 signature
Dec 6, 1983 ratification
Agreement establishing the Asia-Pacific Institute for Broadcasting Development (12 August 1977) Aug 12, 1977
May 15, 1980 signature
Sep 11, 1980 ratification
Agreement establishing the International Fund for Agricultural Development от 13 июня 1976 г. Jun 13, 1976
May 5, 1978 accession
Constitution of the Asia-Pacific Telecommunity (27 March 1976) Mar 27, 1976
Sep 15, 1976 signature
May 12, 1977 ratification
Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961 (8 August 1975) Aug 8, 1975
Jun 29, 1987 accession
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"His Majesty's Government of Nepal in accordance with article 49 paragraph 1 of the said Convention hereby reserves the right to permit temporarily in its territory:
i. the quasi-medical use of opium;
ii. The use of cannabis, cannabis resin, extracts and tinctures of cannabis for non-medical purposes; and
iii. The production and manufacture of and trade in the drugs referred to under (i) and (ii) above."
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons, including Diplomatic Agents (14 December 1973) Dec 14, 1973
Mar 9, 1990 accession
International Convention on the Suppression and Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid (30 November 1973) Nov 30, 1973
Jul 12, 1977 accession
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"The Constitution of Nepal contains provisions for the protection of individual rights, including the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to form unions and associations not motivated by party politics and the right to freedom of professing his/her own religion; and nothing in the Convention shall be deemed to require or to authorize legislation or other action by Nepal incompatible with the provisions of the Constitution of Nepal.
"His Majesty's Government interprets article 4 of the said Convention as requiring a Party to the Convention to adopt further legislative measures in the fields covered by sub-paragraphs (a) and (b) of that article only insofar as His Majesty's Government may consider, with due regard to the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that some legislative addition to, or variation of, existing law and practice in those fields is necessary for the attainment of the end specified in the earlier part of article 4.
"His Majesty's Government does not consider itself bound by the provision of article 12 of the Convention under which any dispute between two or more States Parties with respect to the interpretation or application of the Convention is, at the request of any of the parties to the dispute, to be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision."
Convention on psychotropic substances (21 February 1971) Feb 21, 1971
Feb 9, 2007 accession
Факультативный протокол к международному пакту о гражданских и политических правах организация объединенных наций от 16 декабря 1966 г. Dec 16, 1966
May 14, 1991 accession
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (16 December 1966) Dec 16, 1966
May 14, 1991 accession
Международный пакт об экономических, социальных и культурных правах организация объецинениых наций от 16 декабря 1966 г. Dec 16, 1966
May 14, 1991 accession
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (7 March 1966) Mar 7, 1966
Jan 30, 1971 accession
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"The Constitution of Nepal contains provisions for the protection of individual rights, including the right to freedom of speech and expression, the right to form unions and associations not motivated by party politics and the right to freedom of professing his/her own religion; and nothing in the Convention shall be deemed to require or to authorize legislation or other action by Nepal incompatible with the provisions of the Constitution of Nepal.
"His Majesty's Government interprets article 4 of the said Convention as requiring a Party to the Convention to adopt further legislative measures in the fields covered by sub-paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) of that article only insofar as His Majesty's Government may consider, with due regard to the principles embodied in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, that some legislative addition to, or variation of, existing law and practice in those fields is necessary for the attainment of the end specified in the earlier part of article 4. His Majesty's Government interprets the requirement in article 6 concerning `reparation or satisfaction' as being fulfilled if one or other of these forms of redress is made available; and further interprets `satisfaction' as including any form of redress effective to bring the discriminatory conduct to an end.
"His Majesty's Government does not consider itself bound by the provision of article 22 of the Convention under which any dispute between two or more States Parties with respect to the interpretation or application of the Convention is, at the request of any of the parties to the dispute, to be referred to the International Court of Justice for decision."
Agreement establishing the Asian Development Bank от 4 декабря 1965 г. Dec 4, 1965
Dec 4, 1965 signature
Jun 21, 1966 acceptance
Заклшитбльный акт конференции Организации Объединенных Наций по вопросам транзитной торговли стран, не имеющих выхода. к морю от 8 июля 1965 г. Jul 8, 1965
Jul 9, 1965 signature
Aug 22, 1966 ratification
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes (24 April 1963) Apr 24, 1963
Sep 28, 1965 accession
Венская конвенция о консульских сношениях факультативный протокол о приобретении гражданства от 24 апреля 1963 г. Apr 24, 1963
Sep 28, 1965 accession
Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (24 April 1963) Apr 24, 1963
Sep 28, 1965 accession
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes (18 April 1961) Apr 18, 1961
Sep 28, 1965 accession
Optional Protocol to the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, concerning Acquisition of Nationality (18 April 1961) Apr 18, 1961
Sep 28, 1965 accession
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (18 April 1961) Apr 18, 1961
Sep 28, 1965 accession
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"Subject to the reservation with regard to article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention, that the prior consent to His Majesty's Government of Nepal shall be required for the appointment to the diplomatic staff of any mission in Nepal of any national of a third State who is not also a national of the sending State."
Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards (10 June 1958) Jun 10, 1958
Mar 4, 1998 accession
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Declaration:

"The Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention, on the basis of reciprocity, to the recognition and enforcement of awards made only in the territory of another contracting state. [The Government of Nepal] further declares that the Kingdom of Nepal will apply the Convention only to the differences arising out of legal relationship, whether contractual or not, which are considered as commercial under the law of the Kingdom of Nepal."
Optional Protocol of Signature concerning the Compulsory Settlement of Disputes (29 April 1958) Apr 29, 1958
Apr 29, 1958 definitive signature
Convention on the High Seas (29 April 1958) Apr 29, 1958
Apr 29, 1958 signature
Dec 28, 1962 ratification
4 . Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery (7 September 1956) Sep 7, 1956
Jan 7, 1963 accession
Slavery Convention, signed at Geneva on 25 September 1926 and amended by the Protocol (7 December 1953) Dec 7, 1953
Jan 7, 1963 accession
Convention on the Political Rights of Women (31 March 1953) Mar 31, 1953
Apr 26, 1966 accession
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As regards article IX of the Convention: "A dispute shall be referred for decision to the International Court of Justice only at the request of all the parties to the dispute."
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others (21 March 1950) Mar 21, 1950
Dec 10, 2002 accession
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (9 December 1948) Dec 9, 1948
Jan 17, 1969 accession
Convention on the International Maritime Organization (6 March 1948) Mar 6, 1948
Jan 31, 1979 acceptance
Constitution of the World Health Organization от 22 июля 1946 г. Jul 22, 1946
Sep 2, 1953 acceptance
Факультативный протокол к Конвенции о ликвидации всех форм дискриминации в отношении женщин от 6 октября 1999 г. —
Dec 18, 2001 signature
Jun 15, 2007 ratification

Signed only (12)

Treaty Adopted Signature
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (19 June 2023) Jun 19, 2023
Sep 20, 2023 signature
Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (7 July 2017) Jul 7, 2017
Sep 20, 2017 signature
Minamata Convention on Mercury (10 October 2013) Oct 10, 2013
Oct 10, 2013 signature
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity (29 January 2000) Jan 29, 2000
Mar 2, 2001 signature
Конвенция тампере о предоставлении телекоммуникационных ресурсов для смягчения последствий бедствий и осуществления операций по оказанию помощи от 18 июня 1998 г. Jun 18, 1998
Apr 23, 1999 signature
International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings (15 December 1997) Dec 15, 1997
Sep 24, 1999 signature
Agreement on the establishment of the International Vaccine Institute от 28 октября 1996 г. Oct 28, 1996
May 30, 1997 signature
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (10 September 1996) Sep 10, 1996
Oct 8, 1996 signature
1 . Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (23 May 1969) May 23, 1969
May 23, 1969 signature
Convention on the Continental Shelf (29 April 1958) Apr 29, 1958
Apr 29, 1958 signature
Convention on Fishing and Conservation of the Living Resources of the High Seas (29 April 1958) Apr 29, 1958
Apr 29, 1958 signature
Convention on the Territorial Sea and the Contiguous Zone (29 April 1958) Apr 29, 1958
Apr 29, 1958 signature

Dates of signature and ratification follow the Depositary; declarations and reservations are given in English, as in the source. Denunciations and withdrawals are taken from the Depositary's notes; the date is the date of effect, or the date of notification when the former is unknown.