Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 11 November 2025.#Kingdom of Denmark v European Parliament and Council of the European Union.#Action for annulment – Directive (EU) 2022/2041 – Adequate minimum wages in the European Union – Article 153(1)(b) TFEU – Article 153(2)(b) TFEU – Respect for the competences conferred on the Union by the Treaties – Article 153(5) TFEU – Exclusions of competence – ‘Pay’ and ‘right of association’ – Direct interference by EU law in the determination of pay within the European Union and in the right of association – Partial annulment – Article 5(1), in part, (2) and (3) in fine.#Case C-19/23.