Judgment of the General Court (Tenth Chamber) of 18 October 2023.#Ryanair DAC v European Commission.#State aid – Italian air-transport market – Aid granted by Italy to an airline in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic – Direct grant – Decision not to raise any objections – Aid intended to make good the damage caused by an exceptional occurrence – Article 107(2)(b) TFEU – Consideration of earlier aid measures in favour of the same beneficiary which is the subject of pending formal investigations – Assessment of damages – Causal link – Principle of non-discrimination – Free provision of services – Freedom of establishment – Obligation to state reasons.#Case T-225/21.