Public Disclosure Authorized El 612v2 E2405 Vol. 2 Fundo de Investimento e Patrimonio do Abastecimento de Agua (FIPAG) Public Disclosure Authorized National Water Development Project Public Disclosure Authorized Guidance on Environmental Assessment Public Disclosure Authorized and Management of the NWDP PROJECT No: J22046A January 2003 FIPAG - National Water Development Project Guidance on Environmental Assessment and Management of the NWDP CONTENTS Chapter Description Page I INTRODUCTION 1-1 1.1 Background to and Purpose of the Guidance 1-1 1.2 Use of the Guidance 1-3 1.3 Structure of Guidance 1-3 2 GLOSSARY OF TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS 2-1 3 CONTEXT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE NWDP 3-1 3.1 Strategic Requirements for the Environmental Assessment of the NWDP 3-1 3.2 Project Level Requirements for the Environmental Assessment of the NWDP Sub-Projects 3-9 3.3 Other Legislation 3-13 3.4 Summary 3-14 4 EA PROCESS AND DELIVERABLES FOR NWDP 4-1 4.1 Preamble 4-1 4.2 EA Process and Deliverables for NWDP 4-1 4.3 Checklists for EA Deliverables 4-5 5 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 5-1 APPENDICES Appendix A: Generic Checklist for Pre-Screening Document Appendix B: Generic Checklist for Scoping Report Appendix C: Generic Checklist for Preliminary Environmental Scan Report and/or EA Report Appendix D: Generic Checklist for EMP (for Inclusion in the Bid Document for the Construction Phase) FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page i Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 Appendix E: Generic Checklist for Potential Impacts Associated with Bulk Water Supply Projects Appendix F: FIPAG Activities and Environmental Responsibilities Identified from MICOA and Funding Agency Documents FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page ii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to and Purpose of the Guidance Document 1.1.1 Background FIPAG was formed in 1998 and has been tasked to co-ordinate the improvement of water supply services in five key cities in Mozambique through the National Water Development Project (NWDP) and private sector participation. Specifically the NWDP comprises the following mixture of sub-projects: * Rehabilitation of existing and/or provision of new water supply services (e.g. new water intakes, new boreholes, pipework, dosing plant and reservoirs); * Rehabilitation of existing and/or provision of new support infrastructure (such as building repair, electrics, power supply and road access); and * Short term 'Immediate Action Plans'. The rehabilitation, upgrading and construction of new water supply facilities and infrastructure, and their subsequent use, can have wide ranging positive and negative impacts on the surrounding environment. The process by which these impacts are identified and considered for any given development is called 'Environmental Assessment' (EA) or 'Environmental Impact Assessment' (EIA) 1. The EA process is a key aspect of the NWDP and its associated 'sub-projects', through both a Mozambican legal requirement and through the loan conditions of the Funding Agencies (e.g. World Bank and African Development Bank) - see Chapter 3 for further detail. Specifically, there is an overriding requirement to demonstrate for all NWDP sub-projects that the environmental implications of the individual sub-projects have been taken into account and appropriate measures to prevent, reduce and control any adverse environmental impacts have been developed for the construction and operational phases of the sub-projects. 1.1.2 Purpose of Environmental Assessment The overall generic aims of EA are to: * Ensure that full consideration of the environmental consequences of development schemes are understood at an early stage and taken into account during the design process for the development; * Ensure that environmental issues are included in the decision making process for a given development along with the 'standard' engineering and economic considerations; * Ensure that appropriate measures are proposed to mitigate the more adverse environmental impacts predicted to occur; * Ensure that appropriate measures are proposed to enhance the positive environmental impacts predicted to occur; Note: World Bank tends to refer to EA, where as MICOA and African Development Bank refer to EIA. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 1-1 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 Ensure that relevant administrative and government bodies, and/or the general public have an opportunity to review and comment on the environmental implications of a development prior to its implementation; and Enable the pertinent authorities to make informed decisions on the suitability of a given development proceeding. The process of EA is an iterative process requiring the systematic analysis and reporting of potential environmental effects. The EA process should commence during the concept design stage for a given development and should continually feed back into the development and design process through to the operation and/or decommissioning of the development in order to: * Ensure a proactive approach to the prevention and management of environmental impacts; * Maximise the potential environmental benefits that may be associated with the development; and * Provide maximum cost savings to a given development by minimising the risk of costly interruptions at a later date. By implementing the principles of EA it enables all stakeholders to 'address environmental issues immediately thereby reducing subsequent requirements for project conditionalities and avoiding costs and delays in implementation due to unanticipated problems 2 1.1.3 Purpose of this Guidance Document The purpose of this document is to provide practical guidance on the process of environmental assessment specific to the NWDP and the range of environmental issues that may be associated with the NWDP. Specifically, this guidance document aims to help the FIPAG Environmental Engineer to: * Understand the background behind the need for EA of the NWDP sub-projects and also the need for his role [See Chapter 3]; * Ensure that consultants appointed to undertake environmental assessment studies during the design of the NWDP sub-projects follow the required process that is pertinent to the given NWDP sub-project [See Chapter 4]; * Ensure that the content and coverage of environmental reports produced (including the Pre-Screening document, Environmental Assessment and/or Environmental Management Plan) for a NWDP sub-project provide adequate information to allow an informed decision to be made by the appropriate authorities on the environmental suitability or manageability of the sub-project [See Appendices A to E]; and * Monitor compliance with all pertinent environmental assessment requirements, and ensure that general environmental good practice is applied to the NWDP wherever possible [See Appendices A to E]. 2 World Bank Environmental Assessment Sourcebook 1999, 'The Environmental Review Process'. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 1-2 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 1.2 Use of the Guidance Document It is expected that this guidance document will be used by the FIPAG Environmental Engineer to: * Enable a broad understanding of the combined general requirements of MICOA and the Funding Agencies on the coverage of environmental issues for the NWDP, and on which the responsibilities of the Environmental Engineer have been based; and * Review environmental documents produced by others in order to approve the coverage and the quality of the approach taken and conclusions made, prior to the documents being submitted to the appropriate authorities. This full guidance or parts thereof may also be supplied as a reference document to Consultants appointed by FIPAG to undertake EAs, or prepare other similar information for any given NWDP sub-project, as and when deemed necessary. It is important to note that: * MICOA are in the process of preparing guidance on undertaking EAs to support the EIA Regulations document. As of November 2002, it is understood that this document is currently awaiting approval from the Minister. * Once the MICOA EA guidance document becomes available, this document should be amended accordingly to reflect its contents. * At all times, this Guidance document should not be used in isolation of any of the documents prepared by MICOA, World Bank, AfDB and/or other relevant donors on EA. * This document represents a broad framework of guidance and does not attempt to be a definitive reference. 1.3 Structure of the Guidance Document The structure of this guidance document is as follows: Chapter 2 Glossary of Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations This Chapter lists the terms, definitions and abbreviations used in the guidance document. Chapter 3 Context for Environmental Assessment of the NWDP This Chapter sets out a description on the context for or 'why' environmental assessment (and hence environmental management) of the NWDP is required. It summarises the various environmental requirements of the primary stakeholders for the NWDP, including MICOA and the Funding Agencies. The purpose of this Chapter is to provide a background on the range of environmental responsibilities of FIPAG as well as to set FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 1-3 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 the context for the environmental assessment and management of the NWDP. Chapter 4 EA Process for NWDP This Chapter outlines the EA process sufficiently to allow for the review and appraisal of documents produced for FIPAG by others. Chapter 5 References and Bibliography This Chapter contains a list of references used in the preparation of this document and a bibliography of other useful pertinent information. Supporting information to the main text has been included in a series of Appendices attached to the back of this document. These include: Appendix A Generic Checklist for Pre-Screening Document (MICOA). Appendix B Generic Checklist for Scoping Report. Appendix C Generic Checklist for Preliminary Environmental Scan Report and/or EA Report. Appendix D Generic Checklist for EMP (for Inclusion in the Bid Document for Construction Phase). Appendix E Generic Checklist for Potential Impacts Associated with Bulk Water Supply Projects. Appendix F FIPAG Activities and Environmental Responsibilities Identified from MICOA and Funding Agency Documents. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 1-4 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 2 GLOSSARY OF TERMS, DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS The following terms, definitions and abbreviations have been used in this guidance document. Listed in alphabetical order AfDB African Development Bank Funding agency for NWDP sub-projects in Maputo. The AfDB has a set policy and a series of guidance documents and criteria for ensuring that due consideration of the environment is taken into account during the design, construction and operation of AfDB funded projects. Consultant Consultancy of group of consultancies appointed by FIPAG to typically undertake the investigations and design of NWDP sub- projects, including the environmental assessment studies. Also normally required to prepare the bid documentation for the construction phase of the sub-projects. Environment Means the surroundings that are made up of: a) The land, water and atmosphere of the earth b) Micro-organisms, plants, animal life and humans c) Any part of combination of a) and b) and the interrelationships among and between them; and d) The physical, chemical, aesthetic and cultural properties and conditions of the foregoing that influence human health and well-being. Environmental Advisor Consultant appointed by FIPAG as Environmental Advisor for the integration of environmental issues into the NWDP - Jacobs GIBB Ltd. EA or EIA Environmental Assessment or Environmental Impact Assessment The process by which the environmental impacts (negative and positive) are identified and considered for any given development is called 'Environmental Assessment' or 'Environmental Impact Assessment'. The scope and content of the EA will be determined by the nature of the project, the alternative developments under consideration and the physical, biophysical and human characteristics of the environment to be affected by the project. EA Report The aim of the EA Report is to provide an objective and comprehensive account of the potential environmental impacts (both beneficial and adverse) associated with a project in a non FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 2-1 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 technical, straight-forward manner. EMP Environmental Management Plan The EMP sets out instruction that will be included in a contract document for the construction phase of a sub-project. The EMP will ensure the construction activities are conducted and managed in an environmentally sound and responsible manner. The EMP also details the organisational authority and structure required to ensure the effective implementation of the EMP and measures to monitor and improve the application of the EMP. Environmental Policy The Environmental Policy represents a public statement by an organisation on its principles and intentions towards conducting its operations in an environmentally sound manner. Environmental Instructions and guidance for specific construction activities Specifications designed to help prevent, reduce and/or control the potential environmental implications of these construction activities. EMS Environmental Management System An EMS is a management tool which has the primary purpose of ensuring that the environmental risks associated with the activities and services for a given organisation/project are identified, understood and reduced to a minimum through effective control and management. An EMS typically includes organisational structure, planning activities, responsibilities, practices, procedures, processes and resources for developing, implementing, achieving, reviewing and maintaining the Environmental Policy. FIPAG Fundo de Investimento e Patrimonio do Abastecimento de Agua Government agency tasked to co-ordinate the National Water Development Project for the five cities (Beira, Maputo, Nampula, Pemba and Quelimane). Specifically FIPAG was established to take over the management duties and obligations of water service delivery in the four water companies of Beira, Quelimane, Nampula and Pemba, and to act as lessor in Maputo. The authority and responsibilities of FIPAG include (i) investment and financial management for rehabilitation and expansion of water supply assets, (ii) maximisation of efficiency and return on existing assets, and (iii) contract management, monitoring and enforcement of the contractual obligations of the Private Operator. FIPAG Environmental FIPAG's Environmental Engineer will be responsible for Engineer implementing actions to ensure compliance with environmental requirements, as well as in accordance with good practices. Funding Agency(ies) Refers to the World Bank, the African Development Bank and any FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 2-2 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 other pertinent agencies. Generic EMP for Document prepared for FIPAG to provide guidance on a Construction framework for the development of NWDP sub-project specific EMPs. Specifically, the Generic EMP for Construction provides a comprehensive library of environmental specifications that are considered pertinent to the NWDP as a whole. lmpacVEffect Any change in the physical, natural or cultural environment brought about by a development project. Effect and impact are used interchangeably. Interested and Affected All persons who may be affected by the project either directly or Parties (I&APs) indirectly, or who have an interest or stake in the area to be affected by the project. KPI Key performance indicators MICOA Ministerio Para a Coordena,co da Acc3o Ambiental (Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Affairs) MICOA is the national government department responsible for the protection of the environmental and for authorising proposed development projects. Authorisation is provided only after appropriate studies have been undertaken to assess the environmental and social implications of proposed development projects in accordance with the EIA Regulations. NGO Non-governmental Organisation. NWDP National Water Development Project Title name for a strategic initiative to improve the water supply system of five cities in Mozambique, incorporating a mixture of the rehabilitation and upgrade of existing systems and the provision of new facilities. PCR Project Completion Report A requirement of World Bank, this report sets out the actual environmental impacts that occurred and the effectiveness of the mitigation measures. PIM Project Implementation Manual A World Bank document which provides a reference guide on the NWDP. It provides a summary of the project, a description of the institutions involved in its implementation and an outline of the procedures to be followed in the implementation of the project. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 2-3 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 Pre-Screening This document is a requirement of MICOA. Document The aim of this document is to provide sufficient information on the project and 'receiving' environment for MICOA to set out the requirements for further environmental assessment. Review The review process provides the means for establishing whether environmental documents produced in connection with the NWDP sub-projects are adequate for MICOA and/or the Funding Agencies' requirements. The aim of the review is to check that the environmental information presented is adequate in terms of the scope of issues covered, quantity and quality of information and style of presentation. Scoping A procedure used to target the focus of environmental studies required for a given project and in particular to ensure that the significant issues or impacts are addressed. Scoping Report The Scoping Report documents the results of scoping studies in a concise and straight forward and clear manner as well as setting out the broad methodology and actions to be undertaken in connection with the EA, including the format for identifying and assessing the impacts and reporting the results. In some instances it is necessary to produce an 'extended' scoping report in the form of a Preliminary Environmental Scan Report. Screening The screening process allows for the classification of proposed projects in terms of the requirements for environmental assessment and permitting. Screening may be carried out by the decision making authorities (including MICOA and the Funding Agencies). In some cases screening may be undertaken by consultants. TOR Terms of Reference World Bank Funding agency for the NWDP sub projects for the four cities (Beira, Nampula, Pemba and Quelimane) The World Bank has a set policy and a series of guidance criteria for ensuring that due consideration of the environment is taken into account during the design, construction and operation of World Bank funded projects. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 2-4 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 3 CONTEXT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THE NWDP This chapter sets out a description on the context for or 'whv' environmental assessment (and hence environmental management) of the NWDP is required. At a strategic level, the legal context for the EA of the NWDP (as a single entity) has been set by the Funding Agencies (namely, World Bank and/or AfDB) and includes the following documents: * World Bank OP 4.01' Environmental Assessment'; * World Bank Environmental Assessment Guidance; * World Bank Project Appraisal Document; * World Bank Project Implementation Manual; and * AfDB Environmental and Social Assessment Procedures. In terms of the specific environmental impacts associated with the individual NWDP sub- projects, the need for EA is further endorsed through: * Environmental Assessment of the Mozambique National Water Development Project Document, Noragric 1996/1997 - prepared for the World Bank; and * MICOA's EIA Regulations. These requirements provide direction for the NWDP as a whole, for the individual sub-projects and for the Environmental Specialists (FIPAG and/or other consultants) who are to be involved with the environmental assessment, protection and management of the NWDP. A summary of the requirements described in each of the documents listed above has been provided for reference in tabular format below. A commentary on the requirements has also been added. 3.1 Strategic Requirements for the Environmental Assessment of the NWDP 3.1.1 World Bank OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, 1999 The pertinent extracts from this document have been highlighted below. It is important to note that World Bank's environmental requirements generally take precedence unless national legislation, regulations and other administrative requirements are more stringent. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-1 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON [COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Requires environmental assessment (EA) of projects proposed FIPAG, 'the borrower' has generally delegated for Bank financing. the responsibility of undertaking EAs (where 'EA is initiated as early as possible in project processing and is required) to appointed Consultants. integrated closely with the economic, financial, institutional, However, FIPAG will remain ultimately social and technical analyses of a proposed project'. responsible for environmental compliance. 'The borrower is responsible for carrying out the EA.' * 'The Bank may, if appropriate, require additional EA work, including public consultation and disclosure.' Environmental Screening, Category B projects (Para 8(b)): This process has already been completed. 'The scope of EA for a Category B project may vary from project The NWDP has been defined as a Category B to project.' project - see Section 3.1.4 below. '...[screening] examines the project's potential negative and positive environmental impacts and recommends any measures needed to prevent, minimise, mitigate or compensate for adverse impacts and improve environmental performance.' EA for Special Project Types, Sector Investment Lending The NWDP is a 'Special Project Type' and as a (Para 9): consequence there is a need to consider assessing the environmental impact of all sub- ' during the preparation of each proposed subproject, the projects. project co-ordinating entity or implementing institution canies out an appropriate EA according to country requirements and the An EA Report was prepared for the World Bank requirements of this policy [World Bank OD 4.01].' on the NWDP in 1996 (updated in 1997 and 1999) (see Section 3.2.1 for more detail). There is still a requiFement to consider the potential environmental issues associated with each sub-project on account of more recent changes to or new design details being available than covered inthe original EA Reports. Public Consultation (Para 15) FIPAG, 'the borrower' has generally delegated the responsibility of undertaking public '...during the EA processp borrower consults project affected the articipation to the appointed Consultants as groups and local nongovemmental organisations (NGOs) about part of their EA services. the project's environmental aspects and takes their views into account.' Where MICOA request public consultation for a given project, this is normally organised 'In addition, the borrower consults with such groups throughout through/by MICOA (see Section 3.2.2 for more project implementation as necessary to address EA-related detail). issues that affect them'. [See Note 20 to this section which states that for any major social components, additional consultation requirements may apply, such as for involuntary resettlement.] Disclosure (Para 16 and 18) '...the borrower provides relevant material in a timely manner prior to consultation and in a form and language that are understandable and accessible to the groups being consulted.' 'Any separate Category B report for a project proposed for IDA funding is made available to project affected groups and local NGOs . Implementation (Para 20) FIPAG will ultimately be responsible for ensuring compliance with World Bank requirements and 'Durng project implementation, the borrower reports on: will undertake periodic audits and checks as * Compliance with measures agreed with the Bank on the necessary. basis of the findings and results of the EA, including However, FIPAG may delegate other implementation of any EMP, as set out in the project consultants to undertake more regular site documents; inspections and the monitoring programmes * The status of mitigatory measures; and during the construction and/or operation of the sub-project, * The findings of monitoring programs. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-2 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES * The Bank bases supervision of the project's environmental FIPAG has developed a framework for an EMS aspects on the findings and recommendations of the EA, to manage the environmental issues associated including measures set out in the legal agreements, any with its activities, as well as the design, EMP and other project documents.' construction, operational and decommissioning phases of the NWDP sub-projects. FIPAG will need to monitor all environmental assessment and/or management activities undertaken on its behalf. Appendix B While the NWDP has been defined as a Category B project (see Section 3.1.4 below), Contains details on the content of an EA Report for a Category the general layout described for a Category A A project. project is still deemed applicable for the EA documents to be prepared for the NWDP sub- projects. This information has been taken into account in the Checklist for EA Reports (see Appendix C). Appendix C This information has been incorporated into the Contains details on the content of an Environmental Generc EMP for Construction and the EMS. Management Plan (EMP). In addition to this main guidance on EA, there are supplementary World Bank guidelines or operational policies or directives to ensure that the following topics are addressed, where pertinent, during a project EA: * Involuntary resettlement; * Protection of wetlands; * Protection of natural habitat; * Induced development and other socio-cultural aspects; * Impacts from natural hazards; * Promotion of occupational health and safety; and * Protection of watersheds. It is important that due consideration is given to these topics during the preparation of any environmental assessments for a given NWDP sub-project so that motivation for or against further study and/or assessment may be provided. 3.1.2 World Bank Guidance on EA This document supports World Bank OP 4.01. 'Environmental Assessment'. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Includes reference to the format for the EA Report, including: The checklist of potential environmental issues has been referred to in Appendix E of this * Refers to format of the EA Report - with an emphasis on guidance document. allowing easy reproduction and dissemination. * Outlines number of EA documents and other material typically required for public dissemination. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-3 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON [COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES * Contains a Checklist of Potential Issues of an EA. This lists the potential range of issues an EA should consider, where relevant. 3.1.3 World Bank EA Sourcebook 1999 This document provides guidance on the EA process specific to the World Bank OP 4.01 'Environmental Assessment' and includes reference to project screening through to project completion and post implementation auditing. It also provides guidance on the EA process and environmental issues associated with specific sectors, including water supply, sanitation, petrochemical industry and chemical industry. Pertinent extracts from this document which further set the context for the environmental assessment and management of the NWDP have been listed below. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Environmental Review, Policies and Principles, Item 5 A 1996/1997 copy of the EA for NWDP is available. The updated version has not been * 'Sector investment projects and the investment component located. of hybrid loans and credits are subject to the environmental review requirement'. Overall Relationship to the Project Cycle, Item 10 FIPAG will be responsible for the preparation of the PRC. * 'After implementation is complete, the Project Completion Report (PCR) includes evaluation of both the impacts that The PRC will, at a minimum, be based on the actually occurred and the effectiveness of the mitigation results of the regular construction and measures.' operations phase audits. Overall Relationship to the Project Cycle, Item 13 An EA has been carried out on the NWDP as a * 'Category B projects are a diverse group, and the scope of whole (Noragric 1996). the environmental analysis may vary from a detailed study TORs are prepared for the appointed of certain components that is almost as complex as that for Consultants and include reference to the scale an 'A' project, to a routine check that project design of environmental studies required. The World conforms to applicable standards.' Bank reviews and approves both the TOR and the bidding Consultants' proposals. FIPAG will be responsible for issuing the TOR at the proper time and to monitor compliance with the TOR during the assignment. On a national context, it will be necessary for the appointed Consultant to submit a 'Pre-screening' document to MICOA in order to receive guidance on the scale of environmental studies required. Preparing for an Environmental Assessment, Item 18 A generic TOR has been prepared by FIPAG. * 'It is the borrower's responsibility to prepare TORs for the A copy has been submitted to the World Bank EA or other analysis and to obtain the necessary experts to for approval (September 2002). No comments carry it out..' have been received to date (January 2003). * 'The task of determining the scope of the EA is critical and is therefore one in which the Bank normally participates.' Conducting the Environmental Assessment, Item 24 FIPAG, 'the borrower' has generally delegated the responsibility of undertaking EAs (where * 'Carrying out the actual EA is the borrower's responsibility.' required) to appointed Consultants. As FIPAG will remain ultimately responsible for environmental compliance, FIPAG will monitor the performance of the appointed Consultants. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-4 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Conducting the Environmental Assessment, Item 28 This guidance document sets out guidance on the content and structure of all environmental * 'The [EA] report should provide an Executive Summary assessment and management documents to be highlighting the significant findings and recommended produced in connection with the NWDP. actions, in order of importance, in relatively non-technical language and not more than 20 pages in length.' These 'checklists' may be used by the FIPAG Environmental Engineer to assess the adequacy * 'More detailed information, such as summaries of baseline of the environmental documents prepared. data, the model results, records of community involvement activities and reports of special studies, should be placed in a separate volume as a technical annex to the main report.' Conducting the Environmental Assessment, Item 29 The Consultants appointed by FIPAG to undertake the EAs for sub-projects will * 'The Bank recommends that interim EAs and related undertake public participation as required. studies be released to interested agencies and to affected communities, and to NGOs involved in project preparation.' * 'However, as the EA is the property of the borrower, public release of the document can only be made with the borrower's consent.' Environmental Assessment Review and Project Appraisal, This guidance document sets out guidance on Item 30 the content and structure of all environmental assessment and management documents to be * 'The borrower should review the EA to ensure that the produced in connection with the NWDP. consultants or agency staff followed the TORs and meet both Bank and country requirements.' This guidance document includes checklists which may be specifically used during the technical reviews. Implementation and Supervision, Item 34 FIPAG has developed a framework for an EMS to manage construction and operational * 'EA recommendations provide the basis for supervising the environmental issues for the lifespan of the environmental aspects of project implementation.' NWDP. * 'The borrower is obliged to implement measures to mitigate anticipated environmental impacts, to monitor programs, to correct unanticipated impacts and to comply with any environmental conditionalities.' * 'Proper staffing, staff training, and procurement of spare parts and equipment to support preventative, predictive and corrective maintenance are also necessary elements of implementation.' Implementation and Supervision, Item 35 FIPAG will generally appoint Consultants to supervise the construction of the NWDP sub- * 'Supervision is carried out through a combination of ... projects. [compliance reporting, Bank supervision missions and Bank site visits].' FIPAG will maintain an overseer role to ensure compliance with World Bank requirements during the construction phase. This may include undertaking periodic audits and/or reviewing the results of audits undertaken by others. FIPAG has developed a framework for an EMS to manage the operational environmental issues for the lifespan of the NWDP. Implementation and Supervision, Item 38 FIPAG will use information collected and produced during the monitoring of the * 'At the conclusion of the project ... the [Project Completion construction and operational phases of the Report] is prepared and submitted to the Operations NWDP sub-projects to: Evaluation Department. The borrower is responsible for submitting information that will be the basis of the report.' * Confirm actual environmental impacts and problems encountered. * Confirm extent to which environmental recommendations were followed. * Confirm overall compliance with World Bank requirements. * Evaluate environmental benefits achieved. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-5 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Sectoral Environmental Assessment, Item 43 The 1996/1997 copy of the EA for NWDP has/will be made available to all Consultants * '[Sectoral EAs] ...can, in some cases, substitute for project appointed to prepare EAs and/or EMPs to specific EAs by producing guidelines and criteria for the ensure the environmental concems raised in this design and implementation of projects in the sector.' document are addressed or incorporated * 'More often, they will result in identification of the major accordingly. environmental issues in the sector and development of a database, enabling project specific EAs to proceed more expeditiously.' Cost and Time to Prepare Environmental Assessments, This guidance document and the EMS Item 56 framework will provide guidance on the timing for undertaking the pertinent EA activities. * 'EAs conducted according to Bank procedures do not delay projects; on the contrary, in many cases, they have shortened the total time from identification to operation, by revealing promptly environmental issues that might have halted work altogether, had they emerged at a later stage.' Cost and Time to Prepare Environmental Assessments, This guidance document will be taken into Item 57 account during the review of the Tender proposal documents produced by bidding * 'EA preparation cost rarely exceeds one percent of the total Consultants for EA or related work. capital cost of the project and is frequently less than that.' * 'The cost of implementing mitigation measures can range from 0 to 10 percent of total project cost, with 3 to 5 percent being common.' 3.1.4 World Bank Project Appraisal Document, 1999 This document was published on 12 May 1999 and describes the project development objectives, the strategic context, project description summary, project rationale, summary project analysis, sustainability and risks, main loan conditions, readiness for implementation and compliance with Bank policies. The following extracts from this document relate specifically to environmental work undertaken on NWDP II to date, and further requirements for environmental assessment, protection and management. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Pg 18, 'Environmental Assessment' A 1996/1997 copy of the EA for NWDP is available. The updated version has not been * NWDP = Category B project. located. * Environmental Assessment for NWDP I and 11 completed in The requirements of the EMP in this document 1996. Reviewed and updated 1999. Contains guidance on have been incorporated into FIPAG's 'Generic those sub-projects that are likely to have a significant and EMP for Construction' and EMS. minor environmental impact. The issues of drainage and sanitation still need * EA for NWDP I and 11 includes an EMP that recommends to be addressed. The lack of drainage and measures to control the environmental issues associated sanitation will become even more critical when with the construction and operations. the NWDP II sub-projects are implemented and * Resettlement, drainage and sanitation and management additional water supply wll increase the and monitoring are specifically highlighted for comment. generation of wastewater. * Environmental Assessment Advisor to assist with implementation and monitoring of the EMP and establish an ongoing reporting program and data base. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-6 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Annex 1, Project Design Summary, Pg 3 EMPs are to be produced by the Appointed Consultant for the construction phase for each * Key performance indicator (KPI) = implementation of EMP. sub-project and will be included in the * Monitoring and evaluation of KPI = DNA and FIPAG Contractor's contract. environmental status reports, and ARA reports on water Operational environmental controls will be resources of Umbeluzi and Pungwe Rivers. included in the Operator's Contract. Annex 2, Project Description, Pg 1 FIPAG has prepared a Generic EMP for Construction and an EMS, both of which will 'Environmental expertise will also be located in FIPAG to assure seek to enable environmental protection and correct environmental practices as set out in the Environmental management during the construction and Action Plan (EMP) are implemented'. operation of the sub-projects. Annex 2, Pg 8-10 , 'Management of Environmental Impact' Note: the World Bank's EA Addendum has not 'Management of the environmental impact of the project will be been located. in accordance with the EMP contained in the Environmental Jacobs GIBB has been appointed as the Assessment, as updated by the EA Addendum.' Environmental Assessment Advisor. Reference is made to the following: Management and monitoring has been provided Resettlement for in FIPAG's EMS. Flow, water quality and hydrological monitoring * 'Resettlement policy and procedures in line with the is being undertaken by the Operator. The recommendations in the EA ... will be incorporated into the regular provision of this data and the quality of Project Implementation Manual and into FIPAG's the data should be monitored by FIPAG. instructions to the Operator/manager.' The EA Advisor will train FIPAG's Environmental Drainage and Sanitation Engineer. * Nothing specific to EA. Management, Monitoring and Training * '...will establish a full time Environmental Assessment Advisor with the role of advising ... on the implementation and monitoring of the EMP, and establishing an ongoing reporting program and database.' * 'Environmental performance monitoring will include environmental performance in construction activities, water supply operations, resettlement if applicable, and water resources'. Includes reference to: * Flow and water quality monitoring for intake weir on Umbeluzi River and at sugar company intake on Pungwe River. * 'Hydrological monitoring program.' * Training and HRD - which includes the .. .'training of FIPAG... in environmental skills and awareness.' Annex 2, Pg 8 - 10 'Management of Environmental Impact' - This information is currently used as part of the Performance Indicators Operator's monthly reporting. The regular provision of this data and the quality of the data Page 9 and 10 contains a data sheet for collection of basic should be monitored by FIPAG. information. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-7 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 3.1.5 World Bank Project Implementation Manual (PIM), 2000 This document was published in January 2000. It provides a reference guide on the NWDP for the parties involved and specifically provides '...a summary of the project, a description of the institutions involved in its implementation and an outline of the procedures to be followed in implementing the project.' The main text in the PIM is supported by additional project information contained in the annexes. The following extract from this document relates specifically to environmental work undertaken on NWDP 11 date, and further requirements for environmental assessment, protection and to management. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Section 7, Para , Pg 1 Note: The World Bank's EA Addendum has not been located - only a copy of the 1996/1997 EA 'The management of the environmental impact of the project will Report is available. be in accordance with the Environmental Management Plan given in the Environmental Assessment updated by the EA See Section 3.2.1 for a summary of the 1996/97 Addendum'. version. The environmental management requirements stated in the EA Report (1996/1997) have been incorporated into the appropriate checklists contained in this document and into the EMS for FIPAG. 3.1.6 African Development Bank (AfDB), 'Environmental and Social Assessment Procedures' The pertinent extracts from this document have been highlighted below. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES 2 Context, Para 2.5 A TOR for bidding consultants has been prepared by FIPAG to ensure that consideration 'The projects financed by the Bank shall comply with the is given to AfDB environmental assessment and Regional Member Country's environmental and social management requirements in the provision of legislation, policies and guidelines, with local and national their services. requirements on public consultations and disclosure, as well as with intemational agreements ratified by the borrowing country.' 3. Assessment Process FIPAG, 'the Borrower' has generally delegated the responsibility of undertaking EAs (where 'The Environmental and Social Assessment of projects, plans required) to the appointed Consultants. and programmes is primarily the responsibility of the Borrower'.' The appointed Consultants will be required to provide their services in accordance with AfDB environmental requirements. 3-B Project Identification, Para 3.7 The NWDP has been defined as a Category 2 'Category 2 projects require the development of an project. Environmental and Social Management Plan. These projects FIPAG, has generally delegated the are likely to have detrimental and site-specific environmental responsibility for preparation of the Management and/or social impacts that are less adverse than those of Plan to an appointed Consultant. Category 1 projects and that can be minimised by the application of mitigation measures or the incorporation of FIPAG has prepared a Generic EMP for intemationally recognised design criteria and standards.' Construction for the NWDP which shall be used as a framework for the preparation of project specific Management Plans during the construction phase. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-8 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES 3-F Project Implementation and Supervision, Para 3.46 - FIPAG will ultimately be responsible for ensuring 3.51 compliance with AfDB requirements and will undertake periodic audits and checks during 'It is under the Borrower's responsibility to implement construction as necessary. Environmental and Social Management Plans, including compliance with indicators identified in project implementation However, FIPAG may delegate other documents, the Bank's policies and guidelines as well as consultants to undertake more regular site environmental and social covenants included in the loan inspections and the monitoring programmes documents.' during the construction and/or operation of the 'The Borrower reports ...on the implementation of the sub-project. Environmental and Social Management Plan in regular quarterdy FIPAG has developed a framework for an EMS reports.' to manage construction and operational environmental issues for the lifespan of the 'Whenever non-compliance to agreed requirements or NWDP. unexpected impacts are noted, ...the Borrower [shall] review the ESMP... as appropriate.' The EMS provides for self appraisal and improvement of the environmental management procedures on an annual basis, at a minimum. 4. Responsibilities, 4-A Borrower FIPAG, 'the Borrower has generally delegated the responsibility of undertaking EAs (where 'The Borrower is responsible for integrating environmental and required) to the appointed Consultants. social considerations into sponsored projects according to the Bank's requirements.' The appointed Consultants will be required to provide their services in accordance with AfDB environmental requirements. FIPAG has developed a framework for an EMS to ensure environmental issues are addressed at all key development, construction and operational stages of the NWDP. 5. Public Consultations FIPAG, 'the borrower' has generally delegated 'For Category 2 projects.., the Borrower [may be required] to participation to the appointed Consultants as consult with potentially affected stakeholders early in the project part of their EA services. cycle.' 6. Public Disclosure 'For Category 2 projects, the ESMP Summary is released to the public through the PIC [AfDB's public information centre] ...' In addition to this main guidance on EA, there are supplementary AfDB guidelines to ensure that the following topics are addressed, where pertinent, during a project EA: * Involuntary resettlement; and * Gender Policy. It is important that due consideration is given to these topics during the preparation of any environmental assessments for a given NWDP sub-project. 3.2 Project Level Requirements for the Environmental Assessment of the NWDP Sub-Projects 3.2.1 Environmental Assessment of the Mozambique National Water Development Project Document, Noragric 1996/1997 This document details the results of an environmental assessment of the NWDP, and in particular refers to a given range of sub-projects for each of the five cities. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-9 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/January 2003 Of the range of new, up-grading or rehabilitation sub-projects listed for each city, a selection has been made of those sub-projects deemed likely to have: * 'Significant impacts'; and * 'Minor impacts'. Those types of projects listed as potentially having significant and minor impacts include the following: * 'Water abstraction and treatment'; * 'Storage and transmission'; and * 'Distribution systems'. On the basis of the environmental assessment, an EMP3 was developed and is included in the back of the Noragric document. The EMP details the environmental management requirements for the construction and operation of the sub-projects. This document is referred to in the World Bank PIM (see Section 3.1.5 above). Key points of note from the Noragric EA/EMP have been summarised below: REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES 7. Environmental Management Plan, 7.3 Construction The Generic EMP for Construction, as prepared by FIPAG, includes detailed specifications which It is vital that '...standard environmental construction cover all the aspects listed for the construction requirements for the project ... are incorporated into general and phase of NWDP sub-projects. specific construction contract specifications for all works being funded by the NWDP.' 7.3 Construction, Section 7.3.1 to 7.3.3 The FIPAG Environmental Engineer will review EMPs produced by the appointed Consultant to Lists a series of standard environmental construction ensure appropriate coverage has been made for requirements for the following groups of NWDP sub-projects: the management of the listed construction * Water sources and treatment plants. impacts. * Transmission and storage. * Distribution systems. 7.4 Operation The EMS will ensure that appropriate environmental protection and management Lists a series of standard environmental operating requirements requirements are incorporated into the operation for the following groups of NWDP sub-projects: plans of the sub-projects. * Water sources and treatment plants. * Transmission and storage. * Distribution systems. 7.5 Reseftlement The appointed Consultants will generally be required to identify the need for resettlement Recommends a series of procedures for involuntary during their EA studies. resettlement, including: FIPAG will undertake the required negotiations * Attempting to avoid need for resettlement. for the compensation of temporary and/or * Appointment of consultant with socio-economic and legal permanent loss of property. experience/ * Assess resettlement needs and develop resettlement plan. 3 Refer to World Bank documentation for definition of EMP - note: there is a subtle difference between the definitions for EMP as used by MICOA, World Bank and AfDB. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-10 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES * Provide 3 months notice and negotiate with affected people. * Report on execution of the resettlement plan. * Allowance for compensation. 7.6 Environmental Monitoring and Management The Generic EMP and the EMS set the minimum standards required to ensure that the '...environmental monitoring and management dunng project NWDP sub-projects are designed, constructed and operated in an environmental sound implementation are expected to be largely limited to ensuring compliance with: manner. t. Environmental specifications contained in construction This includes monitoring the effectiveness of the contracts as discussed in Section 7.3 above. construction and operational management 2. Resettlement planning and implementation as discussed in controls. Section 7.5 above.' The specific construction specifications have been incorporated into the Generic EMP for the NWDP. 7.7 Environmental Awareness Building Training The EMP will provide for environmental awareness training of the labour-force during the 'Training will be required to monitor and supervise construction phase. environmental performance during constructon of new and refurbished works being funded by the project.' The FIPAG Environmental Engineer will be responsible for overseeing the environmental ,...should make staff aware of environmental pirovisions of awareness training of operational staff and construction contracts, and train them in alternative practices for FIPAG staff. dealing with environmental concems on site'. 3.2.2 MICOA Regulations on the Procedure for Environmental Impact Assessment 1997 This document sets out the national requirements for EA. It is important that MICOA are consulted on all key NWDP sub-projects. The extracts summarised below will be useful during the document review process of reports produced by an Appointed Consultant - including 'Pre-screening Report' and 'Environmental Assessment Report' as well as to ensure compliance with the general approach adopted by the Appointed Consultant. REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES Article 2, Scope of Application: See below. 2. 'The activities contained in the appended list require an obligatory environmental impact study, which must be canied out in the terms of this set of regulations.' Appendix: It is important to note: should MICOA indicate that an EA is not required, it will still generally be 'Activities which may have significant impact on the environment necessary to undertake an EA in accordance and which require environmental impact studies: with the Funding Agency Requirements. 6. Urban water supply and sanitation systems, their piping, treatment stabons and effluent disposal systems. 19. Programmes and projects that imply the permanent or temporary displacement of populations and communities. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-11 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES 21. Plans, programmes and projects that may affect, directly or [see above] indirectly, sensitive areas such as: * Mangroves * Wetlands Article 4, Proceedings: FIPAG has delegated the responsibility for all environmental assessment studies to appointed Submit the following information to '...begin the environmental Consultants. impact assessment procedure...' The appointed Consultants will be required to * 'Description, location and charactersation of the activity ensure compliance with MICOA's requirements Executive summary of the project . and to provide all information as requested by MICOA. * Data on the environment in the place where the activity is These details have been included in the to be implemented.' checklist for the Pre-Screening document (see Appendix A). Article 6, Environmental Impact Study: These details have been included in the 'The environmental impact study may contain at least the following: * The delimitation and geographical representation of the area of influence of the activity, as well as its reference environmental situation; * The description of the activity and its alternatives, in the planning, construction, operation and (in the case of a temporary activity) de-activation stages * The comparison of the alternatives considered and the forecast of the future environmental situation of the area of influence inthe event of adopting each altemative * The identification and assessment of mitigation measures * The undertaking's environmental management programme, including the monitoring of impacts, and accident prevention and contingency plans * Identification of the team that drew up the study. * Non-technical summary. * Environmental impact study shall be presented to the Ministry in the form of a report written in Portuguese.' Article 7, Public Consultation The appointed Consultants will be responsible for taking part in any such activities, as required This appears to be generally initiated by MICOA. by MICOA. * 'The public consultation period and procedures ... shall be made widely know by the proposer, according to the guidelines of MICOA...' * MICOA 'shall call public hearings...' * 'The final descriptive report from the public consultation shall specify the diligences undertaken, the participation that took place, the questions raised in the debates, the submissions and presentation received in due time, accompanied by the respective replies and conclusions.' Article 8, Assessment Criteria It is important to ensure that the Appointed Consultants have cleariy defined their 'The results ... shall be determined on the basis of the following assessment crteria when revieding their factors: documents before submission to all relevant * Number of persons and communities covered authorities. * Ecosystems, plants and animals affected These criteria have been referred to in the t , appropriate checklists, in particular Appendix E. * The location and size of the area affected * The duration and intensity of the impact FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-12 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 /January 2003 REFERENCE DETAILS AND EXTRACTS ON COMMENTARY ON FIPAG ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS RESPONSIBILITIES * The direct, indirect, potential overall and cumulative effects of the impact * The reversibility or otherwise of the impact' 'Until specific national standards are adopted, the standards established by intemational bodies and the intemational conventions ratified by Mozambique shall be observed'. Article 11, Time Limits for Communicating Decisions These dates must be incorporated into the programming for environmental studies for the * 'Pre-assessment up to five days sub-projects. * Review of environmental impact study, up to 60 clear days * Issuing environmental licenses or communicating rejection, up to 10 clear days after the expiry of the period of analysis.' Article 12, Validity 'An environmental licence shall be considered null and void if the activity to which it refers does not begin within two years of the license being issued.' Article 13, Register of Environmental Consultants All appointed Consultants will be required to confirm that they are registered with MICOA 'Only the specialists and middle and higher level technical staff ducong the tender process. who are registered in terms of this article may carry out environmental impact studies in Mozambique.' Article 14, Responsibility of Environmental Consultants ,...shall bear civil and criminal responsibility for the data they provide inthe environmental impact study report'. Article 15, Inspection and audits: MICOA '...shall undertake regular inspections of the monitoring and environmental management work of the activity. It may request an environmental impact audit or undertake environmental inspections...' Article 16, Responsibility for damage: 'Any proposer shall bear civil and criminal responsibility for damages he has caused to the environmental in cases where: * Does not submit his project/activity to the procedure of environmental licencing' * Substantially changes the project after an environmental report has been submitted without informing MICOA * 'does not implement the measures proposed inthe study and inthe environmental license.' 3.3 Other Legislation During the preparation of individual environment assessment reports, it is important that other international, national, regional and/or local legislation, regulations and administrative frameworks that are pertinent to the given sub-project are identified and understood. This is particularly important where other legislation etc. sets out environmental quality standards and criteria (such as water quality limits) or other permit requirements that may act as constraints to a given NWDP sub-project during its design, construction and operational phases. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-13 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 /January 2003 Other international and/or Mozambican legislation, regulations and other frameworks that may be potentially important for the NWDP include (but are not limited to) the following: * National Environmental Management Plan; * Constitution of Mozambique; * Environmental Law Number 20/97; * The Water Law; * The Land Law; * The Investment Law; and * City Structure Plans. It is important that appointed consultants undertaking environmental studies identify and draw up a legal framework for the given sub-project, irrespective of the level of detail of EA to be applied. 3.4 Summary A concise summary of the specific activities and responsibilities of FIPAG, as based on the tables described above, has been provided in Appendix F. These activities and responsibilities will be incorporated into the EMS framework for FIPAG to ensure their correct and timeous implementation during the implementation of the NWDP as a whole. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 3-14 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 4 EA PROCESS AND DELIVERABLES FOR NWDP 4.1 Preamble The purpose of this section is to outline the EA process for the NWDP with the specific aim of setting out a framework for the review and appraisal of documents to be produced by appointed Consultants and/or others. This section does not attempt to provide a detailed methodology for undertaking EAs on account that: * The FIPAG Environmental Engineer will be suitably experienced in EA; * FIPAG personnel are not specifically required to carry out such studies; and * FIPAG has instead delegated this responsibility to appointed Consultants. However, as FIPAG is ultimately responsible for ensuring compliance with all pertinent EA requirements for the NWDP, it is important that sufficient understanding of the process is gained to enable the effective review of the appointed Consultants' approach and subsequent documents produced. This section largely describes the EA process in terms of the range of key documents that are expected to be produced for the NWDP sub-projects. It sets out a minimum standard of detail and quality the appointed Consultants are expected to achieve while undertaking the required environmental studies for each sub-project. 4.2 EA Process and Deliverables for NWDP The NWDP comprises a range of sub-projects which incorporate the rehabilitation or construction of new facilities within and outside the existing facility boundaries. As the size and scale of a given NWDP sub-project will define the scope and detail of the environmental work required and the deliverables to be produced, a broad outline for the EA process has been provided in the table overleaf from the context of the deliverables only. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 4-1 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 STAGE [DELIVERABLES J COMMENTARY Stage 1: Pre-Screening Document This is a requirement of MICOA and will be used to define national requirements for the specific Pre-Screening NWDP sub-project. (MICOA) The process for developing the Pre-Screening Document will largely be expected to comprise a desk top study only and/or using data that should be readily available for the sub-project (such as concept design details) and on the characteristics of the area to be affected. Stage 2: Scoping Report Scoping is a procedure used to target the focus of environmental studies required for a given project Scoping Studies studies and in particular to ensure that theof desktop studies, or impacts are addressed. Scopingof which significant issues may be undertaken using a mixture data reviews and site visits, the aim is to typically identify: * The key physical, biological and social characteristics of the area to be affected; * 'Interested and Affected Parties' (I&APs) - that is those particular administrative and NGO bodies, commercial, agricultural and industrial landowners, other stakeholders and local residents that have a particular interest in the sub-project; * The likely concerns of the general public and the specifically identified l&APs towards the Project so that these concerns may be appropriately addressed during the subsequent EIA phase of the environmental studies (see below); * Information gaps and target any forthcoming EA studies on those environmental issues that are most likely to be affected by the Project; * Identify any 'fatal flaws' with the Project and/or outline the potential options for alternative plant design and/or alternative construction and operational activities that may be less environmentally and socially sensitive. The Scoping Report documents the above in a concise, straight forward and clear manner as well as setting out the broad methodology and actions to be undertaken in connection with the EA, including the format for identifying and assessing the impacts and reporting the results. It is important to note than in some instances the scoping studies and the Scoping Report may be extended to include a preliminary environmental scan or assessment - see below. Page 4-2 FIPAG: National Water Development Program Issue 1.0/ January 2003 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP STAGE I DELIVERABLES | COMMENTARY Stace 3a: Preliminary This document may be produced where a full EA Report is deemed unnecessary but an . Environmental Scan understanding of the potential impacts is still necessary to in order to: Environmental Rpr Assessment Report * Address smaller scale projects, or * Motivate for not producing a full EA Report, or. * Produce an EMP. This document will effectively be similar to a full EA Report in its structure and require a similar approach, but will typically require less detailed studies and level of reporting than necessary for a full EA Report. Stage 3b: EA Report An EA normally requires a mixture of desktop studies, site surveys and other detailed specialist studies (such as mathematical modelling and intrusive investigations). The objectives of the EA studies will be to determine the nature, scale and significance of the likely adverse and beneficial environmental and social impacts associated with the pre-construction, construction and operation of the project and to specifically address the concerns raised during the public participation process during the Scoping studies. This in turn will provide for the identification of appropriate mitigation measures, monitoring programmes and management procedures that need to be developed to help ensure a more environmentally acceptable and sustainable project. The mitigation measures may both enhance the beneficial impacts associated with the project as well as remove, reduce and/or control the adverse impacts. The EA Report normally documents the results of the EA studies in a clear concise manner, using a straight-forward, non-technical approach, with or without the attachment of more technical appendices. Stage 4: EMP (Construction This document shall be prepared for inclusion in Bid Documents and/or Contract Documents for the EMP for Bid Phase) construction phase of the project. Documents The preparation of the EMP may be based on any one of the following or a combination thereof: * The recommended mitigation measures described in the Preliminary Environmental Scan Report and/or the EA Report for the sub-project; and * Knowledge of the range of construction activities to be employed for a specific sub-project FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 4-3 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 3 STAGE | DELIVERABLES FCOMMENTARY In to describing a series of environmental specifications for implementation during all addition stages of construction (e.g. from construction site planning through to decommissioning), the EMP will set out the organisational structure and environmental specifications necessary to ensure the effective and appropriate environmental management of the construction activities. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 4-4 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 4.3 Checklists for EA Deliverables The following checklists have been prepared for the review of each of the deliverables likely to be required for any one of the sub-projects: * Pre-Screening Document Appendix A * Scoping Document or Preliminary Environmental Appendix B Scan Report * EA Report Appendix C * EMP (for inclusion in the Contractor Bid Document) Appendix D * Potential Impacts Associated with Bulk Water Appendix E Supply Projects These checklists have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of MICOA, the pertinent Funding Agencies and on the basis of experience and good practice. The checklists should not be regarded as definitive, but rather as guidance on the minimum requirements for detail and quality for each document type only. Equally, the checklists should not be regarded as rigid documents, but may be embellished/reduced as deemed necessary in the future. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 4-5 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 5 REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY The following references were used to prepare this guidance document and/or are considered to be useful information for the NWDP and the EA process in general. * MICOA EIA Regulations. * World Bank: - OP 4.01, 'Environmental Assessment'. - OP 4.04, 'Natural Habitats'. - OP 4.11, 'Cultural Property'. - OP 4.36, 'Forestry'. - OB 4.20, 'Indigenous Peoples'. - OD 4.30, 'Involuntary Resettlement'. - OP 7.50, 'Projects on International Waterways'. - OP 7.60, 'Projects in Disputed Areas'. - Guidance on Environmental Assessment. - Environmental Assessment Sourcebook 1999. * African Development Bank Policy on the Environment, June 2002: - Environment and Social Assessment Procedures for African Development Bank's Public Sector Operations, June 2001. - Involuntary Resettlement Policy (for Consultation), May 2002. - Gender Policy, June 2001. * Noragric, Environmental Assessment of the Mozambique National Water Development Project, July 1996 (Second Edition August 1997). * South Africa: - Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism, EIA Regulations, 1998. - Department of Environment Affairs, Integrated Environmental Management Guideline Series, Guideline Documents 1 -6 (1992). * European Union (2001): - 'Guidance on EIA: Screening'. - 'Guidance on EIA: Scoping' [note: includes a detailed checklist for reviewing Scoping Reports]. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 5-1 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 - 'Guidance on EIA: Reviewing' [note: includes a detailed checklist for reviewing EA Reports]. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Page 5-2 Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 APPENDICES Appendix A: Generic Checklist for Pre-Screening Document. Appendix B: Generic Checklist for Scoping Report. Appendix C: Generic Checklist for Preliminary Environmental Scan Report or EA Report. Appendix D: Generic Checklist for EMP (for Inclusion in the Bid Documents for the Construction Phase). Appendix E: Generic Checklist for Potential Impacts Associated with Bulk Water Supply Projects. Appendix F: FIPAG Activities and Environmental Responsibilities Identified from MICOA and Funding Agency Documents. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix A/Page i Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 APPENDIX A Generic Checklist for Pre-Screening Documents This checklist is designed to help determine the adequacy of the Pre-Screening Document produced for FIPAG by Appointed Consultants in terms of: * Meeting the requirements of MICOA; * Presenting a well structured report and unbiased representation of the project details and potential environmental implications; and * Presenting a balanced case on the environmental suitability of the sub-project which will allow MICOA to make an informed decision on the EA process required for the sub-project. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix A/Page ii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? Does the Pre-Screening Document include reference to the following: Description, location and characterisation of the activity? An Executive Summary of the Project - including: * Motivation for the project * Project statistics * Programme for the project development * Map Data on the environment in the place where the activity is to be implemented - including: * Description of the potential sensitivity of the area to be affected. * Likely key positive and negative impacts associated with the project. * Likely focus of environmental management. Quality of Presentation: Isthe document logically organised and clearly structured for easy reference? Isthe presentation of information comprehensive and concise and likely to be understood by a lay member of the public? Are there sufficient tables, figures, maps, photographs and other graphics? Is there sufficient evidence to support the analyses and conclusions drawn? Is the presentation of the results of the assessment objective and unbiased? Is consistent terminology used? [Note: Based on details provided in MICOA EIA Regulations] FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix A/Page iii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 APPENDIX B Generic Checklist for Scoping Report This checklist is designed to help determine the adequacy of the Scoping Report produced for FIPAG by Appointed Consultants in terms of: * Meeting the requirements of the agreed Terms of Reference for the Appointed Consultant; * Presenting a well structured report and unbiased representation of the project details and potential environmental implications; * Presenting evidence that the requirements of MICOA and/or the Funding Agencies has been considered and incorporated into the methodology and/or conclusions of the environmental studies; * Presenting a balanced case on the environmental suitability of the sub-project which will allow MICOA and/or the Funding Agencies to make an informed decision on the consent/rejection of a given sub-project. Further guidance on the content and coverage of Scoping Reports is provided in detail in the European Union guidance document as listed in Section 5. It is important to note that: * It is normal good practice for a Scoping Report to be produced before undertaking any EA work in order to correctly target the focus and level of studies that may be needed during an EA. This approach can be beneficial in both the short and long term through potentially facilitating cost and time savings. * The Scoping Report could equally be used to motive for no further EA studies, or it can be concluded by the decision-making authorities that no further studies are required on the basis of a Scoping Report. * Where it is clear that a full EA will be required for a large scale project, the aim of the scoping studies and Scoping Report is to obtain and present sufficient information on the studies required for a full EA only. Should information gaps be noted during the scoping studies, these should be highlighted for the EA and should not be addressed at the scoping stage. * There are cases where it is preferable to expand a Scoping Report to form a Preliminary Scan Report especially where: - It is necessary to motivate for not producing a full EA Report; and - It has already been determined that a project is considered too small for a full EA Report but that some level of assessment is still required, especially if there are information gaps or issues of concern raised by interested and affected parties A checklist for a Preliminary Environmental Scan Report is provided in Appendix C. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix B/Page i Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 ISSUE | COVERED/ [ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? _ Does the Scoping Report include chapters and/or information on the following: Introduction Study Methodology - including: * Information sources and consultations made. * Methods of assessment and determining potential significance of impacts. Project Description - including (where available): * Site location and characteristics. * Motivation for the project. * Key features of the project. . Forecast operational specifications. * Alternatives. Location and Baseline Environmental Characteristics. Provide a brief description of: * Key features of the physical environment (natural and man-made). * Main features of the biological environment. . Key community and socio-economic features. . Main pollution issues present. Potential Key Environmental Issues - including reference to: . Potential issues for all environmental topics. * The likely nature, duration and magnitude of these impacts.5 * Likely extent of the potential impacts. * Probability of potential impacts occurring, their frequency and/or likely reversibility. 4 See also, Appendix E for a checklist on the potential range of environmental impacts associated with bulk water supply schemes. For example, positive, negative, direct, indirect, cumulative, short or long term, negligible, moderate or substantial impacts, etc. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix B/Page ii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? * An indication of the key mitigation measures that will be necessary to offset potential impacts. * Information gaps and uncertainties identified. * Sufficient, justified motivation to clarify need to undertake further studies or to clarify no further work is required. Terms of Reference for full EIA - including: * Description of areas to be studied in more detail, including objectives and scope of work needed. * Description of additional public and authority consultations required. * Proposed format and content for the full EIA. Non Technical Summary - including: * The EA process and need for EA process. . Key features of the project and need for the project. * Key potential environmental issues and potential mitigation measures. * Any uncertainties, problems encountered. * Conclusions. * The way forward. Figures - including: * Location plan. * Project layout. * Areas of potential sensitivity to the project. Appendices - including: . List of organisations consulted for information. Quality of Presentation: Is the document logically organised and clearly structured for easy reference? Is there a clear description of the process followed? FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix B/Page iii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? Is the presentation of information comprehensive and concise and likely to be understood by a lay member of the public? Are there sufficient tables, figures, maps, photographs and other graphics? Are there sufficient annexes and appendices for detailed information to support the main text? Isthere sufficient evidence to support the analyses and conclusions drawn? Is the presentation of the results of the assessment objective and unbiased? Is consistent terminology used? Does it read as a single document and include sufficient referencing to allow the reader to navigate through the document(s)? FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix B/Page iv Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 /January 2003 APPENDIX C Generic Checklist for Preliminary Environmental Scan and/or EA Report This checklist is designed to help determine the adequacy of the Preliminary Environmental Scan Reports or EA Reports produced for FIPAG by Appointed Consultants in terms of: * Meeting the requirements of the agreed Terms of Reference for the Appointed Consultant; * Presenting a well structured report and unbiased representation of the potential environmental implications of the sub-project; * Presenting evidence that the requirements of MICOA and/or the Funding Agencies has been considered and incorporated into the methodology and/or conclusions of the environmental studies; * Presenting a balanced case on the environmental suitability of the sub-project which will allow MICOA and/or the Funding Agencies to make an informed decision on the consent/rejection of a given sub-project. Further guidance on the content and coverage of EA Reports is provided in detail in the European Union guidance as listed in Section 5. FIPAG: National water Development Program Appendix C/Page i Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 ISSUE | COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED Does the Preliminary Environmental Scan Report or EA Report include chapters and/or information on the following: _ _| Study Methodology - including: . Information sources and consultations made. * Methods of data collection, analysis, assessment and determining potential significance of impacts. . Reference to any important information gaps or problems encountered. The legal and institutional framework for the project - including: . Local, regional, national and international. * A description of how the project may comply or contravene the pertinent legal and institutional requirements. * A summary of the environmental standards and criteria that are pertinent to the project. The Project - including: * Motivation for the project. * Detailed description of the nature, size and scale of the project. * Description of resources needed and any residues, emissions, risks or hazards associated with the project. * Project alternatives. * Comparison of the alternatives considered. The Existing Environment - including: * A description of the key features of the physical environment (natural and man- made). * A description of the key features of the biological environment. * A description of key community and socio- economic features. . A description of key pollution issues present. * A description of any known future changes to aspects of the environment (e.g. new development proposals). FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix C/Page ii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? * A description of concerns, issues and comments made during any public participation activities. The Potential Environmental Impacts - including6: * Physical, biological, community and socio- economic aspects, and/or pollution related impacts. * Assessment of concerns raised during public consultations. * Reference to World Bank operational policies on cultural property, resettlement, wetlands etc. * OR reference to the AfDB policies and guidance on resettlement and gender. * Identification, description and quantification of significance of impacts for all pertinent phases of the project (e.g. from final design through to decommissioning). * Reference to short and long term impacts, cumulative impacts, direct and indirect impacts etc. * Description of impacts associated with any likely emergency scenarios associated with the project. Mitigation Measures and Environmental Management - including: * Coverage for all pertinent phases of the project (e.g. from final design through to decommissioning). * Identification and assessment of mitigation and/or enhancement measures. * Contingency mitigation and clear-up measures for the likely emergency scenarios associated with the projects. * Reference to significance of any residual environmental impacts (i.e. the remaining impact after taking into account the proposed mitigation measures). . An EMP and/or Monitoring Programme - including: - Reference to the management/ monitoring of the construction and operation phases of the project, at a minimum 6 See also Appendix E for a checklist of the potential range of environmental impacts associated with bulk water supply schemes. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix C/Page iii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? - Due reference to the pertinent requirements of World Bank and/or AfDB for environmental management and monitoring. Details of the team who prepared the EA Report. A Non-Technical Summary - including: * The EA process and need for EA process. * Key features of the project and need for the project. * Key potential environmental issues and potential mitigation measures. * Any uncertainties, problems encountered. * Conclusions. * The way forward. Quality of Presentation: Is the document logically organised and clearly structured for easy reference? Is there a clear description of the process followed? Is the presentation of information comprehensive and concise and likely to be understood by a lay member of the public? Are there sufficient tables, figures, maps, photographs and other graphics? Are there sufficient annexes and appendices for detailed information to support the main text? Is there sufficient evidence to support the analyses and conclusions drawn? Is the presentation of the results of the assessment objective and unbiased? Is consistent terminology used? Does it read as a single document and include sufficient referencing to allow the reader to navigate through the document(s)? [Note: Incorporates details provided in the Noragric EA Report for the NWDP] FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix C/Page iv Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 APPENDIX D Generic Checklist for EMP (for Inclusion in Bid Document for the Construction Phase) This checklist is designed to help determine the adequacy of the EMP produced for FIPAG by Appointed Consultants in terms of: * Meeting the requirements of the agreed Terms of Reference for the Appointed Consultant; * Presenting a well structured document for use by future contractors; * Ensuring that appropriate measures for the environmental management of the construction phase for a given sub-project are described and the framework for their implementation is outlined clearly. Further guidance on the content and coverage of an EMP is provided in detail in the Generic EMP for Construction, a separately prepared document which sets out a framework and library of environmental specifications for the preparation of sub-project specific EMPs. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix D/Page i Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0/ January 2003 ISSUE COVERED/ ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? Does the EMP include chapters and/or information on the following: Introduction - including: . Reference to purpose of EMP. * Scope of application of EMP (e.g. area of jurisdiction for the EMP). Statement on Environmental Management - including: * A simple statement on the commitment to implementing the EMP. * A simple statement regarding the management of the EMP itself. Organisation and Management Structure - including: * Description of roles and responsibilities for those people involved with the implementation of the EMP. * Description of reporting structure. Environmental Specifications - including (were pertinent) provision for the following (at a minimum): * Planning. * Site establishment. * Site clearance. * Site Housekeeping. * Construction Activities. . Rehabilitation * Contract Completion and decommissioning Coverage of environmental aspects should include (at a minimum): . Managing soil erosion. . Managing noise, dust and air emissions. FIPAG: National Water Development Program Appendix D/Page ii Guidance on Environmental Assessment & Management of NWDP Issue 1.0 / January 2003 | ISSUE COVERED/ | ACTIONS REQUIRED APPLICABLE? l * Managing use of potentially toxic substances. . Proper sanitary facilities. . Managing use of oil and chemicals. * Health and safety. * Backfilling of trenches. * Restoration of disturbed areas. * Removal of temporary features upon completion. * Managing traffic and access to areas for works. Programme for Implementation, including (where pertinent): * Procurement of equipment and materials and programme for arrival on site * Environmental training programme * Timing of construction activities linked to implementation of the Environmental Specifications
Группа Всемирного банка · Environmental Assessment
Mozambique - Additional Financing for the Water Services and Institutional Support (WASIS) Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 7) : Guidance on environmental assessment and management of the NWDP
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