China - Zhejiang Urban Environment Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 9)

Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill HANGZHOU MUNICIPAL NO.2 REFUSE LANDFILL E740 v.2 March 2003 Evaluation Report On Environmental Influence of Hangzhou Municipal No.2 Refuse Landfill (For approval) ZBEJIANG PROVINCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SCIENCE & DESIGN INSTITUTE National EIA Certificate NO. 2003 (Level I) March 2003 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road. Hangzhou, P.R. China 12 ir ~~~~~lF L  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill Responsibility Paper Compiled Unit: ZHEJIANG PROVINCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SCEENCE & DESIGN INSTITUTE Appraisal Certificate: National EIA Certificate No.2003 ( Level I) President of Institute: Zhang Chen (senior engineer) Director of Environmental Appraisal Center: Chen Dequan (senior engineer) Person in Charge of Project: Chen Changchun (senior engineer at professor level, No.A20030050) Contributors: Name Professional Specialty Certificate No. Job division Work unit titlen Senior Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Chen engineer at Environmental Project design, Protection Science & Design Changchun professor engineering integration Institute level Edit Chapters Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Hu .Environmental To be issued Q.angqang .Engineer .. 2,4,5, 6, Protection Science & Design Qiangqiang engineering after test 9.11 nttt 9.11.12_ Institute Senior Hangzhou Municipal Han engineer at Chemical B2004001 Edit Chapters Environmental Protection Science Weiming professor engineefing 3.7. Institute level Institute Environmental Hangzhou Municipal Wen Jianbin Engineer engineerntng B20040016 Edit Chapters Environmental Protection Science Institute ZholExamination Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Zhou Senior Chemical ProecionScenet&Deig Anguo Engineer engineering A20030053 and venfication Institute Senior. enir Zhejiang Provincial Environmental engincer at Environmental ExaTm]ne and Su Yusheng e A20030052 Protection Science & Design professor engineenng approve Institute level Cooperative unit: Hangzhou Municipal Environmental Protection Science Institute Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China 13  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill Translation: Haiwen Translation Center Hangzhou China Contents 1. G e n e ral P ro v is io n s ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1.1 P r o j e c t B a c k g r o u n d .................. ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... ... 1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment ................................................ 1.3 Basis Of Environmental Impact Assessment . . 2 1.3.1 Laws, Regulations And Standards Relevant To Environmental Protection ...2 1.3.2. Documents Relevant To The Project .......................................... . . . 3 1.4 Contents And Focuses Of Evaluation ................................................3 1 .4. 1 Contents .............................................................................. ... 3 1 .4.2 Focuses Of Evaluation ............................................................ ... 4 1.5 Scope And Standards, Class Of Evaluation And Environmental Protection Aim....................................................... 4 1 .5. I Scope Of Evaluation ...... ... ........ ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...... 5 1.5.2 Standards Of Evaluation ......................................................... ... 5 1 .5.3 Evaluation Class .................................... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...8 1 .5.4 Period Of Evaluation .............................................................- ... 8 1.5.5 Objectives Of Environmental Protection ...8... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...8 1.6 Principles And Methods Of Evaluation .............................................9 1.7 Brief Introduction To The Evaluation Organization .............................. 9 1 .7.1 Organizational Structure Of The Project ...9... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...9 1 .7.2 Synopsis To The Chief Editors ................................................ ... 10 2 . Survey O f Proj e c t .............................. ...... ... ...... ...... ...... ...... ...... ... 12 2.1 The Cause Of The Project .. ... 12 2.2 Present Situation And Reviewed Investigation Of The No. I Landfill ... 12 2.2. 1 A Survey Of The Project ......................................................... ... 12 2.2.2 Main Controlling Measures Of Pollution And Review Investigation Of Pollutant I n f I u e n c e .. 1 4 2.3 General Description Of The Engincering Design For The No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste L a n d f i I I .............. 2 5 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. Ill, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China 14  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill 2.3.1 Estimate Of The Refuse Volume To Be Filled And Their Composition In Hangzhou C i t y .... ....... ......... ... 2 5 2.3.2 Construction Scale And Investmcnt ............................................ ... 29 2.3.3 Construction Items ..................................... .......... 29 2 . 3 .4 P u b I i c W o r k s ...... ... ... ... ... ... .............. 3 1 2 .3 .5 L a n d f i 11 Te c h n o l o g y ................................. ............................ 3 2 2.3.6 Design For The Main Structures Of The Refuse Landfill .................. ... 34 2.3.7 Percolation-Preventive Measures ............................................. ... 36 2.3.8 Removal And Resettlement .................................................. ... 39 2.4 Analysis Of Pollution Sources Of The Landfill Project . . ................... ... 45 2.4. I Rcfuse L eachate ............................................................... ... 45 2.4.2 Wa s t e G a s ........................................................................... ... 50 2.4.3 Source Intensity Of Waster Gas ................................................ ... 50 2.4.3 Noise ............................................................................. 5 1 2.4.4 Ecological Impact Factor ...................................................... ... 5 1 3 Survey Of Influence On Surrounding Environment By Project .............. ... 53 3. I Sur vey Of Natural Environment ... ................................................ ... 53 3.1. I Geographic Location ............................................................ ... 53 3.1.2 Geography And Geologic Features ............................................. ... 53 3.1.3 The Hydro-Geological Conditions ............................................. ... 57 3.1.4 The Climate And W eather ...................................................... ... 61 3.1.5 Surface Hydrology ........................ ... ...... ... ...... ... ...... ... ...... ... .. 63 3.2 General Survey Of Social Environment . . . ... 63 3.2.1 Urban Orientations ............................................................... ... 63 3.2.2 Introduction To Hangzhou's General Project ................................. ... 64 3.2.3 Economic And Social Development ........................................ ... 64 3.2.4 Situation And Project Of The Collection. Transportation, And Treatment Of Living Refuse In Hangzhou . .................................................. ... 64 3.2.5 The Situation And Project Of Dangerous Refuse Treatment ............... ... 65 3.2.6 Situation And Project Of Sewage Treatment System In Hangzhou ...... ... 66 3.2.7 Situation Of Surrounding Areas And Some Sensitive Areas ............... ... 67 3.3 Present Survey Of Environmental Quality ....................................... ... 67 3.3.1 Surface Water . . .67 3.3.2 Ground Water ... .69 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China 15  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill 3.3.3 Environmental Air ............................................................... ... 73 3.4 Ecological Environment Overview ... . . . 83 3.4.1 Present Ecological Environment Of The Landfill Site ..................... . . . 83 3.4.2 Present Ecological Environment Of The Soil Sources . . 84 4 Effects On Environment And Redeeming Measures During Operating Period 87 4.1 Effects On Surface Water Environment And Redeeming Measures ......... ... 87 4.1.1 Analysis Of Effects On The Environment Of Yanshan River .. 87 4.1.2 Effects On The Running Of Hangzhou Sibao Sewage Treatment Plant ...... 87 4.1.3 Redeeming Measures For Leachate Pollution ................................. ... 88 4.1.3.1 Control The Production Of Leachate . ...................................... ... 88 4.1.3.2 Sewage Disposal Measures ................................................... ... 88 4.1.4 Retarding Measures For Living Sewage And Production Sewage ............ 95 4.1.5 Retarding Measures For Sludge Pollution In Sewage Treatment Station... 96 4.2 Prediction And Evaluation Of Groundwater Environment . . 96 4.2. 1 Main Effect Factors .... ......................... ... 96 4.2.2 Retarding Measures . . . 97 4.3 Filled Exhaust Gas's Effects On Environment And Retarding Measures ... ... 98 4.3. I Predicating Mode .................................................................. ... 98 4.3.2 Analysis Of Pollution Weather Characteristics . ............................. ... 98 4.3.3 Pervasion Parameters ........................................................... ... 105 4.3.4 Forecast Results ................................................................ ... 105 4.3.5 Sanitation Preventive Distance . . . 106 4.3.6 R et arding M easures ............................................................ ... I1 0 4.4 Noise's Effects On Environment And Retarding Measures .. ... 110 4.4. I Background Noise .................. .. ...... ... ... ...... . II 0 4.4.2 Effects Forecast And Retarding Measures . . .I...l...l........................... 4.5 Ecological Effects And Retarding Measures ......I...l...l... 4.5. I Ecological Effccts Of Exhaust Gas . . .1...1...1.................................... 4.5.2 Ecological Effects Of Dust And Noise' .......... ... ...... ... ........Ill 4.5.3 Ecological Effects Of Leachate . . .I...l...l....................................... 4.5.4 Ecological Effects In Earth Source Area . . .1.............................. ... I12 4.5.5 Landfill Area's Comprehensive Effects On Ecology ...1...1...3............ ... I 13 5 Environmental Influence During The Period Of Construction And Completion. And Its Reducing M e a s u r e s ......... ... ... .. I ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... I 1 5 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111. Tianmushan Road. Hangzhou, P.R. China 16  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill 5. 1 Environmental Influence From The Re-Settlers' Resettlement ............ ... 115 5.1.1 Re-Settlers' Settlement Institution ............................................. ... 115 5.1.2 Re-Settlers Resettlement Program ............................................. ... 116 5.1.3 Environmental Influence From Re-Settlers' Resettlement Program And Its Reducing Measures ......................................................... ... 118 5.2 The Project'S Influence Upon The Environment And The Air ............ ... 119 5.2.1 Causes Of The Project'S Influence Upon The Environment And The Air 119 5.2.2 Reducing Measures ............................................................ ... 11 9 5.3 Construction Noise Pollution And Its Reducing Measures . ... 120 5.3.1 Analysis To The Construction Noise Influence .................................120 5.3.2 Reducing Measures For Construction Noise Pollution . . 121 5.4 Ecological Influence From The Construction And Its Reducing Measures 121 5.4.1 Ecological Influence From The Construction.............................. ... 121 5.4.2 Reducing Measures ............................................................ ... 122 5.5 Environmental Influence After The Closing Of The Landfill . .......... ... 123 5.5. I Environmental Influence After The Closing Of The Landfill And Its Reducing M easures ......................................................... ... 1 23 5.5.2 Thc Restoring Of The Ecology For The Second Landfill ............... ... 124 6 Potential Project Risk And Precaution Measures . .......................... ... 125 6.1 Environmental Risk Of Flooding And Over Brimming Untreated Sewage 125 6.2 Analysis Of Pollution Risk Of Leachate Drainage Towards Groundwater In The First L a n d f i ll ................................ ............ ..... I.. ......... ...... ... 1 2 5 6.3 The Risk Of No.2 Solid Waste Landfill Polluting The Groundwater ......... 126 6.4 Risk Analysis Of Rubbish Body Sinking Or Moving . .............. ... 126 6. 5 Risk Analysis Of Landfilling Waster Gas ................................... ... 127 7 Substitute Scenario ............................................................... ... 129 7.1 Comparison Of Anti-Seeping Measures ....................... ... 129 7.2 Comparison Of Disposal Approaches . . . ... 130 7.2.11Present Situation In Applying Burning Technology . .................... ... 130 7.2.2 Comparison Of Landfilling And Burning ................................ ... 132 8 Analysis To The Environment Society And Economic Benefits ......... ... 134 8.1 Aim For Hangzhou City ..................................................... ... 134 8.2 Project Construction Environment And Its Social Benefits . ........... ... 135 8.3 Economic Benefits ........................................................... ... 137 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. I1l, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou. P.R. China 17  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill 8.3.1 Pro ject Investment And Fund Raising ................................. ... 137 8.3.2 Refuse Processing Cost ................................................... ... 139 8.3.3 Present Refuse Fee And Its Charging Plan .............................. ... 139 8.3.4 Analysis To The Eco nom ic Benefits .................................... ... 141 8.3.5 Conclusion Of The Economic Benefits Analysis ........................ ... 141 8.4 Environment Protection Measures And Its Cost Analysis . . 142 8.4.1 Environment Protection Measures And Its Cost Analysis ............... ... 142 8.4.2 A n a I y s i s To T h e E n v i r o n m e n t a I B e n e f i t s Of Environm e n t Protection Measures ......................................................... ... 1 43 8.5 Measures To Guarantee The Benefits Generation Of The Project .. 144 9. Environmental Management And Environmental Monitoring Plan ...... ... 147 9. I Environmental Management Mechanism . ................................... ... 147 9.1.1 Environmental Management Mechanism And Its Responsibilities And Obligations During Preparation And C o n s t r u c t i o n O f T h e P r o j e c t ... ... 1 4 7 9.1.2 Environmental Administrative Organs And Their Duties .................. ... 148 9.2 Measures To Release The Environmental Impact . . . 148 9.3 Plan Of Environmental Monitor ............................................. . . . 150 9.3.I Necessary Environmental Monitor ....................................... .. . 150 9.3.2Monitoring Instruments And Equipment .. . . 151 9.4 Personnel Training And Training Plan . ...................................... ... 153 9.4.1 Overall Requirements......................................................... ... 153 9.4.2 Basic Requirements On Personnel Quality .. . .............153 10 Public Participation . . . ... 154 10.I Purpose ................................................... ....... 1 54 10.2 Participation Pattern And Process Details .. . .............154 10.2.1 Participation Pattern ......................................................... ... 154 10.2.2 Process Details ............................................................... ... 154 10.3 Comment Analysis . . .......................................................... ... 155 10.3.1 Comment Analysis From The First Survey . . 155 10.3.2 Comment Analysis From The Second Survey . ................ ... 158 10.4 Conclusions From Public Participation . . . ...............160 10.4.1 Conclusion From The First Survey ..160 10.4.2 Conclusions From The Second Survey ... ... ...... ... ... .............. ... 161 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. I 1l, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou. P.R. China 18  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill I I Total Quantity Control Of Pollutant Discharge And Analysis ............... ... 163 11.1 P o I i c i e s Of And R e q u i r e m e n t s On T o t a I Q u a n t i t y C o n t r o I Of Pollutant Discharge .................................................................. 1 63 1.2 Control Alternative Of Total Quantity Of Pollutant Discharge And Proposed Target Val ue ........................ ...... ... ...... ... ...... ...... ... ... 1 6 3 12 Conclusions And Suggestions ................................................ - ... 165 12.1 Conclusion Of Overall Evaluation ............................................. ... 165 12.1. I Conclusion Of Retrospective Evaluation On NO. I Municipal Solid Waste Landfill ............................................................... . 1 65 12.1.2 Conclusions Of Overall Evaluation On No.2 Municipal Solid Waste L a n d f i I I ... ... ........................... ... ...................... 1 6 6 12.2 The Evaluation Conclusions Of The Rationality And Feasibility Of The Project's Site .. ... 1 69 1 2.3 Main Suggestions ................................................ ......... ...... ... 1 70 Appendix I "Reply From State Planning Committee To Recommendation On Zhejiang Province's Urban Construction For Environmental Protection With Loan From World Bank". State Planning Committee H.J.T.Z.No. [2002] 138 Appendix 2 Letter On Examination Outline Of Environmental Influence Appraisal Of Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau Z.H.K.J.No.[1999]150 Attached Fig. I Aeroview Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.2 Regional Geographic Location Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.3 Regional Constructional Figure Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.4 Fault Distribution Figure Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.5 Surface Water Monitoring Station Geographic Figure Attached Fig.6 Monitoring Figure Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.7 Borrow Area Figure Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Attached Fig.8 General Plane Figure Of Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China 19  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill 1. General Provisions 1.1 Project Background Situated in Southeast China on the southern side of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou is a state-level scenic tourist city and a historically and culturally famous city in China. It is a major central city in the Yangtze River Delta and the center of politics, economy, science and education, and culture of Zhejiang Province. It has also been listed among China's model cities in environmental protection. The city's future strategic objective is: Build Hangzhou into a modern international scenic tourist city, as the long-range striving objective. It is planned that, by 2010, modernization should be realized and the city's major indexes of economic and social development should measure up to those in moderately developed countries. In recent years, with the continuous development of its urban construction, the uninterrupted expanding of its city scale, and the constant growth of its urban population, the annual waste amount generated in Hangzhou is increasing rapidly. According to the statistics, from 1991 to 2000, the annual waste growth rate was 6.84%. In 2000, the waste amount reached 847.1 thousand tons and the domestic waste generated per day in the city approached 2,300 tons. By design, the service life of Hangzhou Tianziling Waste Treatment General Plant (hereinafter referred to as "Hangzhou No.1 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill") will end in 2003. By the end of 2002, its remaining landfill storage capacity was about one million cubic meters. To prevent the passive situation that urban domestic waste has no outlets, to further step up urban infrastructure construction and to consolidate the achievement of creating national environmental protection model city, the municipal government of Hangzhou plans to use the loan provided by World Bank to build the Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill. The construction of Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill will help Hangzhou to maintain its leading position and higher level in harmless waste treatment on the country, to continuously ensure the realization of harmless waste treatment in Hangzhou, to improve the public life quality, the environmental quality of Hangzhou, the environment for investment and the international image, and to promote the sustainable economic and social development of Hangzhou. The total investment of the project is RMB 339,320,000 Yuan, among which 9.3 million US dollars will be loaned from the World Bank; the municipal financial department will raise others. 1.2 Environmental Impact Assessment Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road. Hangzhou. P.R. China 20  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill In the light of Order No. 253 by the State Council of the People's Republic of China, "Administrative Provisions on Environmental Protection of Construction Projects", "Notices on Strengthening Administration of Environmental impact Assessment of Intemnational Financial Organization Loan Projects" (Document No. 324) and "Environmental Assessment Operating Policies (OP4.01)" by World Bank and entrusted by the project owner, Environmental Science Research and Design Institute of Zhejiang Province, playing the leading role, along with Environmental Protection Science Research Institute, the participating party, undertook the commission to compile the report on the environmental impact of the project. Through on-the-spot survey and the investigation and analysis of social conditions, meteorological conditions, hydrological data of the surface water and the underground water of the site and its surroundings, as well as the collection of the related information of Hangzhou No. 1 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill and other landfill sites at home and abroad, we identified the project characteristics and potential environmental impact factors on the basis of the analysis on the pollutant sources in project constructions. According to the principles of determining the classification of environmental impact assessment in "Notice on Strengthening Administration of Environmental Impact Assessment of Intemational Financial Organization Loan Projects" by the State Environmental Protection Administration and World Bank's OP4.01, the classification of the environmental impact assessment of the project is determined as Class A. 1.3 Basis of Environmental Impact Assessment 1.3.1 Laws, regulations and standards relevant to environmental protection (1)"Law on Environmental Protection of the P. R. China", Dec. 26, 1989. (2)"Law on Water Pollution Prevention of the P. R. China", revised on May 15, 1996. (3)"Enforcement Regulations of Law of Water Pollution Prevention of P. R. China", No.284 Order of the state council of the P.R. China, March 20, 2003; (4)"Law on Air pollution prevention of the P.R. China", April 29, 2000. (5)"Law on Noise Pollution Environmental prevention of the P.R. China", Oct. 29, 1996. (6)"Law on Solid Refuse Pollution Environmental Prevention of the P.R. China", Oct. 30, 1995; (7)"Law on Environmental Influence Appraisal of the P.R. China", June 29, 2002 (8)"Management Regulation for Environmental Protection of Constructive Projects", No.253 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road. Hangzhou. P.R. China 21  Report on Hangzhou No.2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill Order of the State Council of the P.R. China, Nov. 29, 1998; (9)"Policy on Living Refuse Treatment and Pollution Prevention Technology of Urban Area", Construction Ministry J. C. No. [200] 120, May 29,2000 (10)"Notice on Strengthening Administration of Environmental Influence Appraisal of Construction Project with Loan from International Financial Organization". State Administration for Environmental Protection H.J.No.[1993] 324; (11)"Guidelines to Appraisal Technology of Environmental Influence" (HJ/T2. 1 -2.3-93); (12)"Guidelines to Appraisal Technology of Environmental Influence-Non-pollution Ecological Impact" (HJ/T 19-1997); (13)"Operating Policy on Environmental Appraisal of World Bank (OP4.01); (14)Technological criteria on Hygiene Landfill of Urban Living Refuse" (CJJ17-88); (15)Pollution Control Criteria for Living Refuse Landfill (GB16889-1997). 1.3.2. Documents relevant to the Project (1)"Outline of Urban General Plan of Hangzhou" (1996-2010); (2)"Reply on Construction of Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill", Hangzhou Municipal Planning Committee H.J.T.Z.No.[2001]182 & Hangzhou Municipal Construction Committee H.J.J. No.[2001]47, March 16, 2001. (3)"Reply on Availability Report of Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Project", Hangzhou Municipal Planning Committee H.J.T.Z.No.[2002]86, Jan 15,2002. (4)"Availability Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, Beijing Nonferrous Metal Metallurgical Design General Institute, etc, July 2001. (5)"Geological Prospecting Report of Hydrogeological Project of Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill", Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Prospecting Institute, Dec. 2000. (6)"Reply from State Planning Committee to Recommendation on Zhejiang Province's Urban Construction for Environmental Protection with Loan from World Bank", State Planning Committee H.J.T.Z.No.[2002]138, Feb 2002. (7)"Plan of Environmental Hygiene Facilities of Hangzhou City", Hangzhou Municipal Environmental and Hygiene Institute, April 2000 (8)Letter on Examination Outline of Environmental Influence Appraisal of Hangzhou Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 111, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou, P.R. China 22  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill No. 2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau Z.H.K.J. No.[1999]150, Dec.14, 1999. 1.4 Contents and Focuses of Evaluation 1.4.1 Contents (1)To investigate into and monitor the kinds and intensity of pollution sources in Hangzhou No.1 municipal solid Waste landfill, and to find out the total discharge of pollutants from it. (2)To collect information on, and monitor the environmental quality in the area under the influence of the project, and to make a retrospective evaluation on the environmental influences that the No. I municipal Solid Waste landfill has exerted; (3)To investigate into and analyze problems existing in the design and operation of N. 1 Municipal solid Waste Landfill and measures to deal with them; (4)To analyze and evaluate the project in discussion and find out pollution sources and the total discharge of pollutants; and to analyze the feasibility of the project location and construction from the angle of environmental protection; (5)To predict and analyze the good and bad influences on the surface water, underground water, air, ecology, sonic environment and environmental sanitation in the construction, operation periods and after enclosure of the project; (6)To put forward pollution control proposals about prevention of bad influences and the investment budget, in consideration of the objectives of environmental quality control for the influenced region, the requirements on environmental administration and the identified potential pollution factors; (7)To analyze the environmental risks occurring in the construction and operating stages of this project and put forward relevant prevention measures; (8)To collect public opinions on the operation of Hangzhou No.1 municipal solid Waste landfill and the construction of Hangzhou No.2 municipal solid Waste landfill; (9)To analyze the environmental and economic losses and benefits, focusing on the functions of this project and the annex projects in the control of pollutant discharge; and (1O)To formulate plans in environmental administration, monitoring and training. 1.4.2 Focuses of Evaluation The positive benefits that the construction and operation of No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill shall bring to the improvement of urban environmental sanitation and life Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. III. Tianmushan Road. Hangzhou. PR. China 23  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill quality. Retrospective evaluation on social, environmental and economic benefits brought by No.1 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, and analysis of potential bad effects to be brought by the construction and operation of No.2 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, focusing on the pollution caused by garbage leachate to water and underground water source, and bad effects on air quality and environmental sanitation caused in the operation of the Municipal Solid Waste Landfills, putting forward the relevant preventive measures. 1.5 Scope and Standards, Class of Evaluation and Environmental Protection Aim 1.5.1 Scope of Evaluation (I)Evaluation on underground water is limited to the underground water in the refuse landfill and the downstream underground water. (2)Evaluation on surface water is limited to the section 50m up and lkm down from the pollutants discharge spot on the Yanshan River, which takes in the treated leachate from the No.1 Municipal Solid Waste Landfill; (3)Evaluation on air and noise limited to the area within lkm from the boundary of Municipal Solid Waste Landfill, properly extending to some sensitive spots, such as the rural residential quarters in the vicinity; (4)Ecological evaluation is limited to the area where the Municipal Solid Landfill is located, and the borrow area. 1.5.2 Standards of Evaluation 1.5.2.1 Environmental Quality Standards (1 )Groundwater According to the environmental requirements for protection of groundwater, the Groundwater quality Standards (GB/T14848-93) Category III (applicable to drinking water resource for concentrative living purpose) shall be implemented. See Table 1-1 for index values. Table 1-1 Groundwater Quality Standards (GB/Tl4848-93) Category III Items Standard values Items Standard values(mg/l) Chrominance 15 NH3-N -0.2 Smell and taste No TP A0.1 pH 6.5-8.5 Total colibacillus S3.0 Environmental Science Research & Design Institute Of Zhejiang Province No. 11l, Tianmushan Road, Hangzhou. P.R. China 24  Report on Hangzhou No. 2 Municipal Solid Waster Landfill Group (per L) Permanganate <30 Total number of