China - PCF Xiaogushan Hydropower Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 1 of 3) : Environmental impact assessment

E966 Vol. 1 National EA Certificate No.3702 Report No.: GHYBP-2002- Xiaogushan Hydropower Project Zhangye, Gansu Environmental Impact Assessment (A Report for Approval) Gansu Provincial Design & Research Academy of Environmental Science December 2002   Xiaogushan Hydropower Project Zhangye, Gansu Environmental Impact Assessment Gansu Provincial Design & Research Academy of Environmental Science December 2002 11~~~~~~~~~~~~~N  i I t  Name of project: Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Development Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province Unit submitted: Gansu Heihe River Hydroelectric Development Company Limited Unit undertaken: Gansu Provincial Design & Research Academy of Environmental Science Legal representative: Lu Ziyang (President, Senior engineer A37020030) Vice president in charge: Zhang Fan (Vice president, Senior engineer A37020001) Duty Name Title Licence No. Content in charge Signature Zhao Wenchao Engineer A37020018 Chapter 2,3,12 Guan PersonuinaDonghong Engineer A37020021 Chapter 4,5,11,16 Person in Donghong.. charge Kong Zhixiang Engineer A37020028 Chapter 8,9,13,14,15 Ding Qixia Senior engineer A37020002 Chapter 1,7 Miao Xuhua Engineer A37020037 Chapter 6,10 Report wrighter Examiner Zhang Fan Senior engineer A37020001  Contents Preface 1. Main points 1.1 Backgrounds and significance of the project 1.2 Bases of the report 1.3 Object of appraisal 1.4 Principles of appraisal 1.5 Standards of appraisal 1.6 Grade of appraisal 1.7 Scope of appraisal 1.8 Objective of environmental protection 1.9 Procedures of appraisal 2. General conditions and project analysis 2.1 General conditions 2.2 Project analysis 3. General conditions of environment 3.1 General conditions of natural environment 3.2 General conditions of social environment 4. Status quo of the ecological environment in the project district and the analysis of the influence of the project construction on the ecological environment 4.1 Investigation and analysis on the ecological environment of the project district 4.2 Appraisal on the predictive influence on the ecological environment of the project construction 5. The status quo of soil erosion and the scheme of water and soil conservation of the project district 5.1 Investigation and analysis of The status quo of soil erosion of the project district  5.2 Prediction of soil erosion in construction and operation of the project 5.3 Prediction of the volume of the newly increased soil erosion that may occurred 5.4 Prediction of the mischief of the newly increased soil erosion that may occurred 5.5 Measures for water and soil conservation 6. Status quo of the water environment of the reach of the project and the analysis of its influence 6.1 Hydrology 6.2 Appraisal on the influence on water environment 7. Appraisal of the influence of the planned project on the state-level natural protection area of Qilian Mountain 7.1 Status of the capital construction of the natural protection area 7.2 Properties, protective object and the district plan of the functions of the natural protection area 7.3 Status quo of the resources in the protection area 7.4 Appraisal of the current resources in the protection area 7.5 Influence of the planned project on the main protective objects of the natural protection area 8. Status quo of the atmospheric environment in the project district and the appraisal of the prediction of the influence 8.1 Status quo of the quality of the atmospheric environment in the project district 8.2 Appraisal of the prediction of the influence on the atmospheric environment 9. Status quo of the noise environment in the project district and the appraisal of the prediction of its influence 9.1 Status quo of the noise environment in the project district 9.2 Appraisal of the prediction of the influence of the noise environment 10. Status quo of the social environment in the project district and the analysis of its  influence 10.1 Status quo of the social environment in the project district 10.2 Analysis of the influence of the social environment 11. Status quo of the environmental geology in the project district and the risk analysis of the structural stability of the dam site 11.1 Investigation and analysis of the present conditions of the environmental geology in the project district 11.2 Analysis of the influence of the immerging environment in the reservoir 11.3 Risk analysis of the structural stability of the dam site 12. Measures in environmental protection and demonstrability in technology and economy 12.1Bases 12.2 Principles 12.3 Content 12.4 Measures and scheme of environmental protection 12.5 Budgetary estimate of the investment in environmental protection 12.6 Analysis of the effect of the environmental protectional measures 13. Analysis of Profit and loss in environmental economy 13.1 Analysis of the project in economic benefits 13.2 Analysis of the project in environmental loss and environmental benefit 13.3 Analysis of the project in social benefit 14. Plan of the environmental administration and supervisory control 14.1 Environmental administration of Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project 14.2 Environmental policy of Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project 14.3 Scheme of the environmental administration 14.4 Plan of environmental supervisory control  15. Public participation 15.1 Purpose and significance 15.2 Methods and principles 15.3 The investigation of public participation 15.4 Effect of the investigation of public participation 15.5 Analysis of the effect of the investigation of public participation 15.6 Determination of public linkman 16. Conclusion and suggestion 16.1 Conclusion 16.2 Suggestion Appendix 1: <Outline of Appraisal of Environmental Influence of Zhangye Heihe Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project> Appendix II: Ratification to the <Outline of Appraisal of Environmental Influence of Zhangye Heihe Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Development and Construction Project> Ganhuanzifa [2001] No. 30 Appendix III: Ratification to Standards Applied in Appraisal of Environmental Influence of Heihe Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> (2003) Ganhuanbianzi No. 03 Appendix IV: Reply Letter to Gansu Qilian Mountain State-level Natural Protection Area Administration  Preface Heihe River, rising between the Qilian Mountain and the Datong Mountain and flowing through the three provinces (Region) of Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia, is the largest inland river with 821km of the whole length and 69000km2 of drainage area. The Heihe River, being about 95km long, has near 1000m of fall from the beginning to the end, its average fall ratio is 9. 1%o, its hydraulic resource volume stored reaches 453MW, and its power contribution of unit length of river can reach 4.77MW/km. According to the <Report of the Development Program of Medium-sized Hydraulic Power Resources of Gansu Province> (Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute, Gansu Provincial Electric Power Bureau, Gansu Provincial Planning Commission, 1991), nine step hydraulic power stations have been programmed between the reach from Huangzang Temple to Yingluo Gorge on the main stream of the Heihe River. In order to change the present conditions of the shortage of electric power transmitted to the western area of the Yellow River from Gansu electric power networks in recent years, Gansu Heihe River Hydroelectric Development Company Limited has planned to develop the Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station. According to <The Administrative Regulations of Environmental Protection of Construction Project>, the concerned laws and regulations on environmental protection, and the policy of synchronization of project construction with environmentai protection, Gansu Heihe River Hydroelectric Development Company Limited entrusted Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Research Institute (now it is renamed as Gansu Provincial Design & Research Academy of Environmental Science, abbreviated as the GPDRAES in the followings ) to undertake the appraisal of the environmental influence of the project. The GPDRAES, after receiving the commission, established a project team of environmental appraisal at once, sent some professionals to reconnoiter, collect materials, and survey on site. On the bases of the analysis and research to the environmental problems concerned in the construction in the project district and according to the opinions and examination replied by Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Administration to the outline, carried out corresponding  environmental monitoring and gained a great deal of data on it aiming at the environmental problems; in order to reduce the project construction to the influence on the environment to the minimum, more forms of activities for public participation were carried out for widely receiving opinions and suggestions for the project construction from persons of every condition; combining the characteristics of the natural and social conditions of the project district and the construction and operation of the project, the environmental influence arose from the project has been predicted and analyzed; according to the principle of synthetic management of "prevention first, combination of prevention and cure, setting up defences against damages, being convenient for requirement", by adopting the prevention system of the combined engineering measures, plant measures and temporary protection measures, a budget for the investment to every measure has been carried out and the appraisal report of the environmental influence was finished in December 2002. We have obtained great support from Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Administration, Environmental Monitoring Station of Zhangye Prefecture, Qilianshan Mountain State-level Natural Protection Area Administration, Zhangye Heihe River Hydroelectric Development Company Limited, and Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute in our work, so we send our thanks to them here.  1. Main points 1.1 Backgrounds and significance of the project Backgrounds and significance of the project Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station, 86km away from Zhangye City, is located at the reach from Daxiagu Dagushan to Xiliushui of the Heihe River in Sunan Yugur Autonomy County of Gansu Province. It is the sixth step hydroelectric station in Heihe water energy program; it is programmed in mixed development for the main aim of generating electricity. The Heihe River being developed is the largest inland river in Gansu Province; it is originated in the mountains between Qilian and Datong and is flowing into Juyan Sea through the three provinces (region) of Qinghai, Gansu and Inner Mongolia. The whole length of the river is 821km, its drainage area amounts to 69000km2, its upper reach is divided into the two branches of western part and eastern part and then converge at Huangzang Temple as the Heihe River. From here the Heihe River flows along the gorges among the high mountains into the Hexi Corridor plain out from the Yingluoxia Gorge. Its fall from the head to the end is nearly 1000m and the average fall ratio is 9. 1%o, its hydraulic resource volume stored reaches 453MW,so it is a water system with richer hydraulic resources in all the rivers in the areas to the west of the Yellow River. At the end of the fifties, the former Northwest Institute of the State Hydroelectric Ministry surveyed the gorges at the upper reaches of the Heihe River, offered the <Report on the Development and Research of the Steps of the Heihe River Valleys> in 1960, and worked out the <Report on the Preliminary Program of Heihe River Drainage Area> in 1965. In 1979, Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute finished the fascicule of <Hydraulic Resources Census Achievement of P.R.C. (Fascicule), No. 23 Volume Gansu Province>, in 1991, Gansu Provincial Planning Commission and Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute jointly worked out <A Report on the Development and Program of Medium-sized Hydroelectric Resources of Gansu Province>. The report planned nine medium-sized hydroelectric stations along the steps of the main stream of the Heihe River, i.e. Huangzangsi Temple, Sandaoheigou, Chouzhonggou, Sandaowan, Songmygou, Dagushan,  Shiyangling, Xiliushui and Yingluoxia. Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station is the sixth step power station-the alternative plan of the Shiyangling Power Station. According to the suggestion of the original program and the present conditions of power supply network in Hexi region (the region to the west of the Yellow River), the station will undertake the regulation of power consuming apices for improving the power network structure at the same time of satisfaction of the needs for power supply in the development of national economy. The project consists of the buildings of river dam, diversion system and workshops for generators. The total capacity of the power station is 98MW, and the annual average output reached 380.4 million kw.h. For years, because of the large distance of 500km between Hexi region and Lanzhou, which is the load center of Gansu provincial power network, power transmission to Hexi power network has been in poor in quality, and the capacity of Gansu power network seriously in shortage. According to the statistics, the shortage of power capacity reached 600MW in 1999, the shortage of power supply reached 5.6 billion kw; the peak load of the power network in Hexi region was 896MW in 2000, the annual electricity used reached 5.76 billion kw.h, and the maximum balance between the apex and the vale reached 224MW. In order to meet the need of Hexi region for power supply and relieve the contradictions arose from the gradually increased power load, new power stations are urgently in need in Hexi power networks. The construction of Xiaogushan Power Station will play a decisive role in relieving the difficult situation in power supply in local industrial and agricultural production and in development of economy in the region even in the whole province. 1.2 Bases of the report 1.2.1 Laws and regulations [1] < Law of Environmental Protection of the P.R.C.> (December, 1989) [2] < Law of Wild Animal Protection of the P.R.C.> (November, 1988) [3] <Forest Law of the P.R.C.> (January, 1998) [4] <Law of Water Pollution Protection and Cure of the P.R.C.> (May, 1996) [5] <Law of Water and Soil Conservation of the P.R.C.> (June, 1991)  [6] <Law of Environmental Protection and Cure of Solid Waste Pollution of the P.R.C.> (October, 1995) [73 <Law of Prevention and Cure of Environmental Noise Pollution of the P.R.C.> (October, 1996) [8] <Water Law of the P.R.C.> (January, 1998) [9] <Law of Land Administration of the P.R.C.> (January, 1998) [10] <Execution Regulations on Protection of Wild Animals Born on Land of the P.R.C.> (March, 1992) [11] <Regulations on Protection of Wilding of the P.R.C.> (September, 1996) [12] < Execution Regulations on Protection of Wild Animals Born in Water of the P.R.C.> (September, 1993) [13] <Regulations on Administration of Environmental Protection of Construction Project> (Order of State Council No. 253, November 29, 1998) [14] <Decision on Some Problems of Environmental Protection of State Council> (State Issuing [1996] No.31) [15] <Program of Environmental Protection of Ecological Construction of the Whole Country> (State Council November, 2000) [16] <Regulations on Natural Protection Region of the P.R.C.> (December, 1994) [17] < Regulations on Natural Protection Region of Gansu Province> (September, 1999) [18] < Regulations on State-level Natural Protection Region of Qilianshan Mountain> (September, 1999) [19] <List of Classification Administration of Environmental Protection of Construction Project (Group One)> (State Environmental Protection Administration, February 19, 2001) [20] <Some Opinions on Strengthening the Administration of Environmental Protection of Construction Project in the West Development> (Huanfa [2001] No. 4) [21] <Notification on Some Problems on Environmental Administration of Construction Project Development of Natural Protection Area of State Environmental Protection Administration> (August, 1999) [22] <Notification on Further Strengthening Administration of Natural Protection Area of State Council Office> (Guofaban [1998] No.10)  [23] <Notification on Strengthening Administration of the Environmental Influence Appraisal for the Project Loaned by International Finance Organizations> [24] <Notification on Strengthening Administration of Ecological Environment of Construction Project of Natural Resource Development> [25] <Notification on Strengthening the Construction and Administration of Natural Protection Areas> (Document from Seven Ministries and Comnmissions of State Environmental Protection Administration, etc. No. 58) [26] <Report on Program of Distributions of Water System and Functions of Water Environment of Gansu Province> 1.2.2 Technical criterion [1] <Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence (General Program, Atmospheric Environment, Ground Surface Water Environment, Sound Environment)> (HJ/T2.1-2.3-93, 2.4-1995) [2] < Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence-Non-pollution Environmental Influence> (HJ/T19-1997) [3] <Guidebook for the Project Loaned by the World Bank-Environment Appraisal> OD4.01 issued by the World Bank in July, 1992 [4] <Criterion for Appraisal of Environment Influence of Water Conservation and Hydroelectric Projects (Trying out)> (SDJ302-88) [5] <Technical Criterion for Environmental Monitoring> (State Environmental Protection Administration, 1986) [6] <Technical Criterion for Water and Soil Conservation of Construction Project> (SL204-98) [7] High-grade Training Class of Environment Influence Appraisal of Construction Project held by Asia Development Bank and China State Environmental Protection Administration <Examination and Administration of Environment Influence Appraisal of Construction Project>, Development Department of Development and Supervision Department of State Environmental Protection Administration (March, 1992)  1.2.3 Technical documents [1] <Feasibility Study Report on Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> (Volume 1-4), Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute, September, 2001 [2] <Report of Development and Research of Steps of Heihe River Drainage Area> Northwest Institute of the State Hydroelectric Ministry, 1960 [3] <Report on the Preliminary Opinions on the Program of Heihe River Drainage Area> Northwest Institute of the State Hydroelectric Ministry, 1965 [4] <Report on the Development Program of Medium-sized Hydroelectric Resources of Gansu Province> Gansu Provincial Planning Commission, Gansu Provincial Water Conservancy and Hydraulic Power Survey & Design Research Institute, 1961 [5] <Program of State-level Natural Protection Area of Qilianshan Mountain> (July, 2002) [6] <Report on the Water and Soil Conservation of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> (July, 2002) 1.2.4 Outline and appraisal opinions [1] <Outline of Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Development Project of Zhangye > Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Institute, 2000 [2] <Opinions of Expert Group on the Examination of the Outline of Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Development Project of Zhangye > January 9, 2001 [3] Ratification to the < Outline of Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Development Project of Zhangye > Document of Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Administration (2003) Ganhuanbianzi No. 03 1.3 Object of appraisal Through the brief analyses of the project and the investigation and analyses of the environmental conditions in the project site district, appraising the extent and scope of the project influencing the ambience in the period of construction and operation, analyzing the  project construction in environment influence and risks existed, working out the feasible countermeasures and relief measures for ensuring successful construction and normal operation of the project, full play of economical benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit, promotion of successful development of the drainage area and the environmental system in the project district, and offering scientific bases for decision making for authorities in environmental administration. 1.4 Principles of appraisal 1.4.1 Principle of sustainable development Natural resources are the base of human existence and development; the sustainable development of project district depends largely on the reasonable utilization of water resources. Protection of water resources, which human depends on for existence and development, plays an important role in the environment conditions necessarily required by the project district for sustainable development. 1.4.2 Principle of science According to the basic principle of reasonable development of water resources, a way for scientific and efficient dam construction and diversion construction should be sought. 1.4.3 Principle of pertinence Aiming at the characteristics of the influence of the construction project on the environment in project district, corresponding protection measures will be taken for successful development of the environment of protection areas. 1.4.4 Principle of coordination Synthetically considering the relationship among the economy, society and environment in project district, the harmonious development among them will be realized. 1.4.5 Principle of policy Hydroelectric environment should be administrated according to laws by carrying out state  environmental protection policies and taking corresponding measures. 1.5 Standards of appraisal According to the requirements of <Report on Program of Distributions of Water System and Functions of Water Environment of Gansu Province> and the environmental functions of the project district, the project has been confirmed by Gansu Provincial Environmental Protection Administration to execute the following standards in appraisal of environment influence: 1.5.1 Standards of environment quality [11 Standard for environment quality of ground surface water: executing the standard of Class I water area of <Standard for Environment Quality of Ground Surface Water> (GB3838-2002) [2] Standard for quality of environment atmosphere: executing the standard of Grade One of <Standard for Quality of Environment Atmosphere> (GB3059-1996) [3] Standard for quality of sound environment: for surroundings of the project district and resident areas that may be affected, the standard of Class I of <Standard for Environmental Noise in Urban District> (GB3096-93) will be executed. 1.5.2 Standard for pollutant discharge [1] Exhaust gas: Standard of Grade One of <Standard for Pollutant Discharge in Atmosphere> (GB16297-1996), the standard of main pollutant control will be executed according to the limit of monitoring concentration of unorganized discharge; < Standard for Pollutant Discharge of Boilers in Atmosphere > (GB13271-2001); [2] Noise: <Noise Limit at the Boundary of Construction Site> (GB12523-90) will be executed in construction district. [3] Waste water: the waste water and life sewage in construction period and the life sewage in operation period will be prohibited to discharge directly into the river. 1.6 Grade of appraisal According to the stipulations of <List of Construction Project in Classification Administration of Environmental Protection of (Group One)>, the classification of appraisal of environment .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ---- ---  influence of Zhangye Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station belongs to Class One. According to the stipulations of Article 4 of < Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence-Non-pollution Environmental Influence> (HJIT19-1997), the project involves the experimental area of the state-level natural protection area of Qilianshan Mountain and belongs to the more sensitive area, its appraisal of environment influence should be in Grade Two. According to the stipulations of Article 5 of <Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence - Ground Surface Water Environment)> (HJ/T2.5-93), the maximum outlet discharge volume of every kind of wastewater from the project should be less than 10000m3/d (excluding the drainage from the basic pit), the degree of complexity of wastewater quality belongs to simple, the scale of surface water area belongs to medium, the requirements of functions of surface water area belong to Class II. Therefore, the appraisal of environment influence of surface water of the project is determined as Grade Three. According to the stipulations of Article 4 of <Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence (Atmospheric Environment)> (HJ/T2. 1-2.3-93, 2.4-1995), the standard outlet discharge of atmospheric pollutant should be less than 2.5 x 102 (m3/h), the surroundings of the project belong to complex mountain terrain. Therefore, the appraisal of environment influence of atmosphere of the project is determined as Grade Three. According to the relative stipulations of <Technical Guidelines for Appraisal of Environment Influence> (HJ/T2.4-1995), combining the fact that the project of Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station is located in the area having no people or little people and the noises caused from construction only exist in construction phase and disappear with the conclusion of the project construction, therefore, the appraisal of environment influence of noise of the project is determined as Grade Three. 1.7 Scope of appraisal Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station is located at the upper stream of the Heihe River in the bounds of Sunan Yugur Autonomy County of Zhangye Municipality of Gansu Province; it is the sixth stage power station in the program of Heihe River valley. The project construction will bring direct influences on the reservoir submerging area; the reducing water  reaches in the project district, and construction areas. According to the influences of the project on the environment and the grades of appraisal work, the scope of the appraisal of the influence of the project on the environment is drafted as follows: (1) Scope of appraisal of water environment: the upper stream 2km away from the gate site and the down stream reach 1km away from the join point of the Heihe River and the Xiliushui River, the total length is 14.5km, the important place is the reducing water reaches from the reservoir at the gate site to the station site. (2) Scope of appraisal of atmospheric environment: taking every construction area (mainly the gate site and station site) as the center, extending 2km along the leading wind direction, the major place is Bajiaowan Village of Xishui Township. (3) Scope of appraisal of sound environment: every construction area and the region 200m outside the boundary of the highways, the focuses are every construction area, Bajiaowan Village, and habitats for animals. (4) Scope of appraisal of geological environment: gate site, the line along the diversion tunnel of the station, station site district. (5) Scope of appraisal of ecological environment: including project construction district, the directly influenced area by the project construction, and the influenced areas by the water-reducing reaches. The project construction district includes reservoir district, hinge district, station workshop district, management district, traffic roads, power transmission lines, diversion tunnel, temporary construction, material stock grounds, and discarded residue stock grounds, etc., its area is 0.63km2. The directly influenced areas include the protection scope of reservoir outside the construction district, hinge, station workshop, management district, traffic roads, and diversion tunnel, etc., its area is 1.03km2. The bounds with the width of lkm from the two lines, the mountain peak lines of the mountains on both sides of the water reducing reaches, is the influenced area, its area is 16.34km-. Therefore, the scope of appraisal of ecological influence is 18km2. (6) Scope of appraisal of social environment: the project involves Sunan County; the main place is Xishui Township of Sunan County. 1.8 Aim of environmental protection _ .. .. _. ... .. _ ... _ . _~---- -- - -  Combining the current environmental conditions, environmental functions, and the characteristics of construction and operation of the project, the objects of environmental protection are determined: [1] Water environment: the discharge of production and life wastewater during the construction phase should meet the aim of the program of "the Ninth Five-Year Plan" of the former State Electric Power Ministry and the stipulations of the standard of Grade Two of <Standard of Synthetic Discharge of Sewage> (GB8978-96), the influence of the wastewater discharge from construction on the functions of water environment of the project reach and the water quality of the downstream of Heihe River should be reduced as less as possible. The standard of Class I of <Standard of Environment Quality of Surface Water> (GB3838-2002) should be satisfied during operation phase. [2] Atmospheric environment: the atmosphere quality in construction district should reach the standard of Grade Three of <Standard of Quality of Environmental Atmosphere> (GB3095-1996), the influence of powder dust from construction on resident areas and the builders should be reduced. [3] Sound environment: the noises in construction district should reach the relative standards of <Standard of Environmental Noise at the Boundary of Construction Site> (GB12523-90) to reduce the influence of the noises on builders and villagers in surroundings, and the standard of Class I of <Standard of Environmental Noise in Urban Area> (GB3096-93) should be reached in residential area. [4] Ecological environment: try to reduce the influence of the project construction on present lawn and cultivated land in construction district by optimizing disposition for construction. Maintain the completeness of ecological environment of the project and the peripheral areas by taking practical and feasible measures of compensation and restoration of the lawn and cultivated land occupied and damaged by the project construction. Minimize the influence on stability and completeness of ecological system of land living things and water living things by disciplining construction activities. [5] Water and soil conservation and virescence: taking count of the guards for side slopes dug and sites for dregs, controlling the soil erosion from the construction activities by taking the measures of blocking dregs and planting the vegetation of wood and grass; making the soil  erosion under the project construction better than that under the natural conditions by taking the measures of combination of project and vegetation for protecting water and soil resources. 1.9 Procedures of appraisal According to the requirements of laws of appraisal of environment influence of construction project, the regulations of environmental protection administration, and the guidelines of appraisal of environment influence, the environment appraisal of the project is divided into the following three stages. The first stage: preparation stage. Preliminary investigation on environmental conditions in project district was made; the plan, content and method for appraisal of environment influence were worked out; the grades for appraisal of environment influence of each unique item and the content of items for appraisal were determined; the <Outline of Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> was drafted. The second stage: investigation and testing stage. According to the outline of appraisal of environment influence and the opinions of expert group, the investigation and testing on the detailed current conditions of appraisal factors corresponding to the main environment influence were made; on the bases, the appraisal of current conditions and engineering analyses of the environment in the project district were made; the public participation, investigation, and consultation were carried out. The third stage: report-drafting stage. On the bases of the work in stage one and two, the prediction appraisal of ecological environment and social environment of construction and operation of the project was carried out, the countermeasures corresponding to environmental protection were made, and the investment budget and technical and economical analyses on the environmental protection were made; <Report on Environmental Influence of Hydroelectric Station Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> was drafted. The flow chart of the procedure of appraisal of environment influence of the project is as follows.  Proxy of appraisal of environment influence Report on special analysis of relations between Heihe Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station and the State-level Natural Protection Area of Qilianshan Mountain Feedback for examination| Feedback for examiation Determination of Determination Determination of Determination of Drafting environmental of appraisal environmental technical work plan functions grade aim requirement Drafting <Outline of Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> Feedback for examination C ._ { Investigation and monitoring of present environmental conditions Investigation and testing of Investigation of present Monitoring of present conditions present conditions of ecological conditions of social of water quality, atmosphere and environmental factors environmental factors water living things vs~~~~~~~~~~~ Engineering analyses Appraisal of present environmental conditions Public participation 0 | ~~~~~~~~~Appraisal of environment influence prediction| 15 |Countermeasures for Plan of Environmental Analyses of lost and environmental environmental administration and benefit of environmental ' = ~~protection monitoring supervision economyi '0 IC | Q Drafting <Report on Appraisal of Environment Influence of Heihe River _ Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station of Zhangye City of Gansu Province> Feedback for examination Summary and filing Flowchart of procedure of appraisal of environment influence of Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station of Zhangye City of Gansu Province  2. Project conditions and project analysis 2.1 Project conditions 2.1.1 Project properties: (1) Name of project: Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Development Project of Zhangye City of Gansu Province (2) Location of project: it is located at the down section of big gorge of upper stream of the main stream of the Heihe River, its geographical coordinate is 1000 03'of east longitude and 380 40' of north latitude, it is in the Bajiao village of Xishui Township of Sunan Yugur Autonomy County of Zhangye Prefecture, the workshop in the southwest to Zhangye City is 86km away from the city. The geographical position is shown in Figure 2-1. (3) Name of the river being developed: Heihe River (4) Nature of project: new construction (5) Scale of project: according to the stipulations of <Standard of Division and Design of Grade of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Project> (Section of Mountain and Hill Regions) SDJ12-78 (Trying out), the project is determined the Grade Three, medium-sized. (6) Mode of development: low-dam diversion type (7) Mission of development: power generation and tourism (8) Project capacity and composition: Heihe River Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station is a medium-sized hydroelectric station with low dam gates and long tunnel diversion, it mainly consists of three main sections of hinge gate, long diversion tunnel and workshops. The station is equipped with 3 sets of water turbo-generators (2 sets of 40MW and 1 set of 18MW), the total capacity of installation amounts to 98MW, the annual power generation amounts to 380.4 million KWh. The project properties are shown in Table 2-1, the composition of the project is shown in Table 2-2.  Table 2-1 Table of Properties of Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project (Site of Xishuigou) No. Item and name Unit Quantity Remark I Hydrology 1 Drainage area Whole drainage area km2 69000 Controlled drainage area km2 9427.8 Up the gate site 2 Time limit of utilized hydrological series Year 57 1944-2000 3 Average annual runoff for years o1m3 15.89 4 Representative flow No. Item and name Unit Quantity Remark Average flow for years m3/s 47.7 P=50% Maximum flow actually measured m3/s 1310 1996 Maximum historical flow investigated m3/s 2300 1919 5 Flood standard and flood volume Flood flow designed for hinges m3/s 1750 P=2% Flood flow checked for hinges m3/s 2960 P=0.2%  Continued table 2-1 Flood flow designed for workshops m3/s 241 P=1% Flood flow checked for workshops m3/s 328 P=0.5% Maximum flood flow actually measured (day) 0l8m3 0.73 6 Silt Annual transported sand volume of average 0oooot 221 suspension material for years Average sand content for years kg/rm3 1.4 Maximum sand content actually measured kg/mi 140 Annual transported sand volume of average 10000t 25 moving material for years II Engineering geology Main rock properties in project district Silicon plate rock, quartz feldspar Basic intensity of earthquake in project district Degree VIE I[ . - mll Grade of project ConstrctionofClass 3, Medium-scale IVl Hinge 1 Water level at the hinge Flood level checked m 2055.4 Flood level designed m 2049 Normal reservoir level m 2060.0 The lowest water level of operation m 2049.0 2 Length of backwater km 3.055 3 Capacity of reservoir Total capacity of reservoir 10000m3 140 Capacity of reservoir under normal water level 10000m3 140 Regulation of reservoir capacity 10000m3 130 4 Regulation properties Daily regulation V Indexes of power station I Capacity of installation MW 98 2 Output guaranteed (p=85%) MW 14.1 3 Average power generation for years 108 kw h 3.804 4 Annual utilization of hours h 3882 VI Lost from submerging and the land permanently occupied I Cultivated land submerged lOOOOmu 0 2 Population migrated person 0 3 Houses in submerged areas m 0 . - - -- - -  Continued Table 2-1 N Item and name Unit Quantity Remark 4 Land permanently occupied mu 474 Vll Main buildings and equipment I Buildings for blocking water Type Gate of barrage Elevation of the gate top m 2061.5 Height of the gate m 26.5 Length of the top m 93.7 2 Gate of discharge for flushing sand Type Chest wall type Number of holes Hole 5 Elevation of bottom board of the gate m 2038.5 Size of holes of the gate m 8 X 8 Width x Height Flow of single width mn/(s m) 43.75 Type of headstock gear/number Arc door hydraulic headstock gear/3 Mode of energy elimination Pool of force elimination Form of gate/number Arc steel gate/5 Designed flow of flood discharge m3/s 1750 Checked flow of flood discharge m3/s 2960 3 Type of the buildings for diversion Pressure tunnel Designed flow of diversion m3/s 105.5 Type of inlet Deep type of inlet Elevation of bottom board m 2037.5 Type of gate valve Flat panel steel valve Sizes of gate valve (number x width x _, height) m 1 X 6.OX 6.0 Total length of diversion flute m 9840.1 Diameter of tunnel m 7.8/5.8 U-shaped section/round section Anchor sprayed Type of liner concrete, reinforced concrete Designed water head m 22.5-72.08 5 Well for pressure regulation Type of pressure regulation well Upper-room type of rt pressure regulation well Vertical well, well depth/inner diameter m 76.7/15 Upper room, length/width m 60/8  Continued Table 2-1 No. Item and name Unit Quantity Remark 6 Type of pressure pipes Number of lines Line I Length of pipes m 301.25 Inner diameter m 5 Maximum water head m 163.08 7 Workshop buildings Type Ground type Sizes of main workshop m 55 X 18 X 35.65 Length x Width x Height Sizes of auxiliary workshop m 43.7 X 18 X 16.5 Length x Width x Height Elevation of hydraulic turbine m 1914.0/1914.4 Big machine/small installation mmachine 8 Boosting station Type Medium type Left to the main __Location workshop Area (Length x Width) m Xm 65 X 68 9 Main electro-mechanical equipment Type of big hydraulic turbine/ number Type/set HLA359-LJ-205/2 Rating output MW 41.7 Rating rotational speed r/min 375 Rating water head m 117 Rating flow m3/s 38.75 Type of hydraulic turbo-generator/ SF40-16/4250/2 number Capacity of single generator MW 40 10.5kv of voltage Number of main transformers Set 2 SF9-40000/1 10 Type of small turbo-generator/ number HLA98-LJ- 140 Rating rotational speed r/min 500 Rating water head m 117 Rating flow m3/s 17.64 Type of generator/number SF18-12/3500 Capacity of single generator MW 18 10.5kv of voltage Number of main transformer Set 1 SF 10-25000/121 Number of station use transformer Set 2 SG1O-1600/10.5 Number of station use transformer Set 2 SGIO-800/10.5 Specifications of bridge crane in the QD-125/32t, 15m of station span 10 Power line Grade of voltage kv 110  Continued Table 2-1 No. Item and name Unit Quantity Remark Number of output loop Loop 2 Destination of power I110KV switch station at Detianatision ofpwrthe outlet of the transmission muti mountain Distance of power transmission km 27 Newly built permanent km 19 Contain a 40m span of highway bridge across Xiliushui 12 Establishment of personnel for Person 102 _____ operation Permanent house buildings m2 12130 Contain 8500m' of Zhangye base Vlll Construction Construction volume of main _ body Excavation of earth and stone 10000 m3 18.22 work100m182 Excavation of rock tunnel 100 57.06 Open excavation of stone work 10000 m' 5.79 Filling of earth work 10000 ml 8.36 Spraying concrete m 95.6 Laying stones with slurry M. 1659 Concrete 10000 m' 18.86 Installation of metal structures t 953.5 Filling back slurry M4 29398.7 Concreting grouting m 36147.7 2 Main building materials _____ Timber mt 11469 Cement t 80871 Steels t 5287 Reinforcing steel bar t 14956 TNT t 1303 Number of persons in peak Person 2821 construction period Person 2821 Total workdays 10000 216 Power supply during Supply from power construction period network 5 Construction diversion P=20% Q=678m3/s Diversion in stages 6 Land occupied by construction mu 83 Total time for construction Month 36 IX Economic indexes 1 Investment in the project Static total investment 10000yuan 61937.71 Total investment of the project lOOOOyuan 68910.58 2 Economic indexes of synthetic utilization Unit kw investment of yuanlkw 6320 hydroelectric station yuan/kw 6320 Unit electric energy investment yuan/kw.h 1.63 Financial internal return rate % 10.34 Price of electricity on network yuan/kw.h 0.29 Number of years for loan y repayment years 11.27  Table 2-2 Composition of Xiaogushan Hydroelectric Station Project Hinge Barrage (gate valve), buildings for flood discharge Diversion tunnel, pressure regulation room and pressure Diversion system Construction of pipes main body Main machine house, installation house, ball valve room, Workshops auxiliary workshop, main transformer site, water pumping system, pump station, regulation room, end water channel and end water buildings. Traffic for con .utio Newly building 4,5km of main highway for construction constructAonui forxConstruction Sand and stone plant, concrete mixing system, machine repairing workshop, and synthetic processing systems of construction enterprises reinforcing bar, etc. Others Facilities for business work, living, and cultural welfare Cleaning of Reservoir Chopping down woods, sanitary cleaning reservoir bottom region Special facilities Highway building (9) Investment of the project: the total static investment in the project amounts to 619,3771 million yuan, and the dynamic total investment amounts to 689.1058 million yuan. (10) Construction period and progress of the project: the construction period of the project is 36 months, in which the prophase work is 5 months (account for 2 months of construction period), the construction of main body is 31 months, finishing period is 4 months (2 months of parallel work with main body). (11) Labor organization and fixed number of personnel: the project, belonging to joint stock system, is jointly invested and built by Gansu Heihe River Hydroelectric Development Co. Ltd. and Zhangye City Hydroelectric Bureau. The power station, after construction, will be managed by itself and independently run. Construction period: the power station will be built by construction companies in construction period, the personnel involved in peak construction will be 2821 persons. Operation period: the fixed number of personnel in operation period will be 102, in which 67 are production personnel and 35 administrators. 2.1.2 Comparison and selection of project schemes (1) Selection of reservoir region The reservoir site selected is located at the upper reach of Shilabangou dam; it is a gorge form . _ _. .~~~~~--- - ---  reservoir. The bank slopes on the two banks of the reservoir are very steep, the mountain body is solid, the mountain body on its two banks is 300m higher than the water level of the reservoir, and the mountain are mostly bare solid rocks, there is not any problems of permanent leakage. The larger gullies developed on the two banks are Shilabangou on the right bank and Changgangou on the left bank, which are located at the upper reach of the end of the reservoir, the gullies are elongated and have running stream in it all the year round. (2) The comparison and selection of schemes of dam lines There are two dam sites of upper and down at the Shilabangou dam sites for selection. The upper dam line is located 200m at the lower reaches apart from the outlet of Shilabangou, its normal high water level is 2060m; the lower dam line is at the lower reaches 110m apart from the upper dam line, its normal water level is 2041m. From the viewpoint of engineering geological conditions, the two dam sites are similar; the dam foundations all have the problems of sliding, sinking and infiltration deformation. The characteristics of every rock layer of riverbed foundation and engineering geological conditions are basically uniformity. They all consist of alluvial flood accumulation containing stone sand gravel layers, powder clay layers, and sand gravel layers, moraine containing gravel sand soil layers, gravel stone earth layers, in which the second and the fourth layers are relatively weak interlayer. From the analyses of distributed depth of every layer, the depths of the second layer of the upper and lower gate lines are all about 17m, the fourth layer of the lower gate line is relatively thinner than that of upper gate line; there are stones and gravels from the damaged slopes on the left shoulder of the dam of upper and lower gate lines, which need to be cleaned; the right shoulder of the dam and the bank slopes are all unique plate banks, and the cranny along the river direction is a little more in development. The faultage F44 is distributed on the upper gate line, but its extended scope is small and near the riverbed and in the bound of buildings arrangement, which is in the range of clearing, and the clearing volume is small, and it will not bring disadvantageous effect on the stability of the bank slopes after the clearing. The position of distribution of cranny of the lower gate line is higher and extends outside the boundary of the building arrangement, if it is not cleared, the hidden troubles for the project safety would be left; if it is cleared, not only the excavation volume is larger, but also the slope is steep, which arouse disadvantageous effect on the stability of the  slopes of the banks and bring the normal operation with potential danger. From the viewpoint of the project arrangement, the lower gate line is near the turning point of the river, the force elimination pool is difficult in arrangement, the work volume of energy elimination and rushing protection in the lower reaches is large, the water blocking appeared in the riverway is disadvantageous for the flow through hinges while discharging flood. Through the above comparison and selection, the upper dam line site is chosen for the project. (3) Selection of forms of water blocking buildings There are mainly two kinds of schemes of complete gate and gate dam for water blocking buildings to choose. The complete gate scheme is with the hinge consisted of the buildings of 5-hole flood discharge and sand flushing gate, 1-hole water inlet gate, water blocking concrete dam on the left bank, and the force elimination pool behind the gate; the gate dam scheme is with the hinge, arranged from right to left, consisted of the buildings of water inlet gate, flood discharge and sand flushing gate, overflow dam, water blocking concrete dam on the left bank. The comparison and selection are shown in Table 2-3.  Table 2-3 Comparison and Selection of Water Blocking Buildings Item Scheme of complete gate Scheme of gate dam Recommendation Flood discharge and sand flushing water running Good conditions for smoothly, which is operation, larger Advantaayes favorable to flushing silt range of application, Advantages and sand, keeping easy for water Project regulation of reservoir, and running and energy elimination for management Complete gate arrangement riverway Unstable flood Ineffective operation, discharge, small Shortcomings capability for sand inconvenient management flushing, longer pool for force elimination It is necessary in three stages diversion, the two Two phases of diversion, stages diversion satisfied scheme for stage needs more items to Diversion during diversion for riverbed be constructed for Complete gate construction period construction units, designed in construction there are more organization interference in construction, the time for construction cannot be ensured Suitable for large Operation Ineffective operation, range of flow, Complete gate conditions inconvenient management convenient for Other management aspects Foundation Relative consistent Complex treatment treatment requirements Economic Relatively higher Investment a little cost economy From Table 2-3, you can see, though the gate dam scheme is more economy, the complete gate scheme is much more reasonable in engineering arrangement, it not only combines the diversion by stages during construction period but also increases the capacity in flood discharge and sand flushing, this is in favor of keeping and regulating reservoir capacity, the energy elimination for lower reaches and stability of riverbed, therefore, the scheme of complete gate is chosen for recommendation. (4) Normal water level of reservoir Two schemes of normal water levels of Xiaogushan reservoir are designed for comparison and selection, which is separately 2049m and 2060m. From the engineering arrangement, the scheme of 2060m of normal water level can possess one day's storage capacity (about 1.3 million m3), the station can operate in daily regulation, but the scheme of 2049m can only  operate without regulation. The hydraulic energy of the two schemes are calculated with 98MW of the same capacity of installation, the scheme of 2060m can increase 11 million kwh of annual power generation than that of the scheme of 2049m, and its investment only increase about 2.1 million yuan. Therefore, 2060m is chosen as the normal sluice water level. (5) Station site selection The workshop sites are chosen in the two places of Xiliushuigou and Shiyangling. The Xiliushuigou site is located at the foot of the slope of Xiliushuigou Zuoanshan Mountain; the Shiyangling site is located at the upper stream 3.5km away from the joint of Heihe River and Xiliushuigou. The workshops at the two sites all consist of the four parts of pressure regulation well, pressure pipes, workshops, and end water, the content for comparison and selection is show in Table 2-4. Table 2-4 Comparison and Selection of Workshops Item Xiliushui Shiyangling Topography Widen, flat, convenient for Relatively narrow, difficult in traffic, transportation, 35-65