E-421 VOL.2 d in assoceion with IIIE Environment Management Plan Project Co-ordinating Consultancy Services (PCC) for the Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project IBRD Loan/Credit No. LN-4114 ~~-idar BelgaX KEarwarW - bad~~~urga Mangalor galre Pd v Govt of Kwnataka Public Works Dept. (aonat H ghways) Decernrt 2000 sCot* W5ilson in amsocaa %ft IIIE Environment Management Plan Project Co-ordinating Consultancy Services (PCC) for the Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project IBRD Loan/Credit No. LN-4114 -aidar Belga Karwar (, Mangalor g_v__alore Govt of Kvnana, Public Works DepL Deubr 2000 Karnataka State Highwavs Environment Management Plan Improvement Project VOLUME-III: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN . ..............................................1 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................1 2. OBJECTIVE OF EMP....................................,, .... ,,,,,,,,,,,,,.. 3 2.1. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................................3....................3 2.2.1. Raising qf Embankmlent and News pavement .3 2.2.2. Gravel and Borrows Pit Restoration .4 2.2.3. Use and Disposal of Excavated Mateial .4 2.2.4. Land AcquiXsition.4 2.2.5. A venue Plantationi and Afforestation .4 2.2.6. Accidents and Road safety .4 2.2.7. Ilmp ac t on Air qualit .............. - . ............. .... - . 5 2.2.8. Imrpact on Noise level ........6..................................................................................6 2.2.9. imJpact on IVater Resources and Water Quialit' .6 2.2.10. Sanitation and Waste Disposal .7 2.2.11. Aesth1etics.7 2.2.12. EMPfor Roads under Major Maitenance .7 3. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT . ........................... . 7 3.1. THE ROLE OF THE FUNCTIONARIES ..................................................................0....................................... 10 3.2. CONDITIONS IN BID DOCUMENT FOR CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTORS FOR PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT .............................................. 10 4. AMBIT OF MONITORING ......... 17 5. CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT THROUGH TRAINING FOR ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT21 5.1. TASK I ............................................................................................................................2... ......... 22 5.2. TASK 11 .............................................................................2...2................. .......... 22 5.3. TASK III .............................................................2........2.............. ................ ... 22 5.4. TASK IV . .... . ......................................... .................... .............. .... ... ...................... ........ ........................ .......... 23 6. BUDGET FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION ..24 7. INTEGRATION OF EMP WITH THE PROJECT ON ROAD UPGRADING .26 TABLE 1: ROADS SELECTED FOR UPGRADATION .1 TABLE 2: COLLABORATING AGENCIES AND RELATED TASKS .16 TABLE 3: PARAMETERS AND PERMISSIBLE LIMITS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY .18 TABLE 4: PARAMETERS AND PERMISSIBLE LIMITS OF AMBIENT NOISE LEVEL .19 TABLE 5: DRINKING WATER SPECIFICATION- IS 10500: 1991 .1 9 TABLE 6: ESTIMATED BUDGET FOR EMP IMPLEMENTATION .25 FIGURE 1: PHASE I UPGRADATION AND MAJOR MAINTENANCE ROUTES. 2 FIGURE 2 :ORGANISATION STRUCTURE OF THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (EMPIU) .9 APPENDIX-EMP 1 Scott Wilson I CES/ IIIE Kaamatak-a State Hfighwavs Environment NManagement Plan Improvement Proiect Environment Management Plan 1. Introduction The Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) is an initiative by the Public Works Department (PWD) of the Govemment of Karnataka (GOK), under the proposed World Bank loan, to undertake improvement of 2490 km of roads consisting of State Highways and Major District Roads. These roads were selected on the basis of a Strategic Option Study (SOS) carried out in 1996, the objective of which was to forrnulate a policy for developing an effective network of regional roads. The road improvement program of the GOK entailed upgradation of some 940 km of roads and to carry out major maintenance of the rest based on Feasibility Study. To facilitate realisation of this objective. the Government of Karnataka has appointed M/s Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick of UK and India to work in association with Consulting Engineering Services (I) Ltd., New Delhi and IIIE, Bangalore to constitute the Project Coordinating Consultants (PCC). This PCC was assigned to carry out the Feasibility study for the road upgradation and major maintenance. The GOK also constituted a Project Implementation Unit (PIU), which was formed of experts drawn from different Departments of the Govemment. The members of the PIU wvere professionals with experience in all aspects of road engineenng and also in ecology. The PIU was assigned the task of working in tandem with the PCC. Based on the Feasibility study, the GOK selected 940 Km of roads for upgradation#ork and 1277 km of roads for major maintenance. The project has been divided into two phases. In Phase-I some 394-km of road length will be upgraded and some 848-km of road lengths would be taken up for major maintenance. In Phase-II, some 546-km of road length would be upgraded and some 429 Km of road length would be taken up for major maintenance. The scope of the feasibility study included preparation of a Sectoral Environment Assessment Report covering all roads under this project and an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report on roads selected for upgradation in Phase-I. These two assessments were prepared as per the Guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MOEF) of the Government of India (GOI) and to meet the requirements of the World Bank. The EIA Report is required to contain an Environment Management Plan (EMP). The EMP presented below addresses those stipulations fully and comprehensibly for upgradation of 394 km of roads in Phase-I. In addition, this EMP mentions the types of mitigation measures, discussed in the SEA Report, required for the roads under the programme of major maintenance. The phase I upgradation and major maintenance roads are shown in Figure 1. The project covering upgradation of 394-km of roads has been divided into five Contract Packages. Each contract package has been described as Routes. The location of the road lengths in each route has been listed in Table 1. Table 1: Roads selected for upgradation Route State Highway Location of Upgradation section Length Number (Km) I SH-23 Kalmala junction to Sindhnur 76.673 2 SH-23 Sindhnur to Budugumpa cross 77.537 3 SH-19 Hattigudur to Naubad Junction. Bidar 188.434 4 SH-12 Bijapur to Tikota 20.149 5 SH-13 and SH-20 Andhra Pradesh border to Kalmala 31.138 junction via Raichur Total Length in Km 393.931 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highwa-s Environment Manazement Plan Improvement Project Figre 1: Phase I Upgradation and Nlajor Mlaintenance Routes Improvement Legend For Phase-I Upgradation Major Maintenance lbarga ! 4 Bijapus e * 4~~~BiapL r Jamkhand m J t hlChiodi--:_ Mudhol *( if-Hukri -l fi ,1;) t~~~ngsuguv Rfhur *Belgau,m jrnX : 7 < ' 5 ~~~~~*Khanapr a9d * t :pgpp 0~~~~~~~ : $ \*~~~~~~~~_laliyal u9 J { t<~,~umbh"rwd ,:, ii . ie ry * < Yellap*r * s Mf i pu 1 %, *~~~sirsl *>, - -/hIkod2 / .amknd M Cha- | \ *~~~~~~- himog Mtingsugd i_hu 1 \ t -* BeIga m* r'. - 0~~~~ \.Nargu~darke 0e' i~~ ~ ~~ ~ S ,y*2 v- '4-7 ~~41dgumpya.hJjli [ > ) . ) * leSukoth *.h* n/a moBefurr.Y'r * w w I erear,ajanq/garaX o 0 I~~~~~~~ * * Aeiukose.hann a 2 ScotWilon/CES/III 2 Scott Wilson /CES! IIIE Karnataka State High%Navs Environment Management Plan Improvement Protect 2. Objective of EMP Before implementation, every road development and improvement project has to obtain environmenta] clearance from the appropriate quarters of the Government, the procedures of which have been discussed in detail in Chapter-2 of the EIA report. The letter of environmental clearance is to be seen as a conditional agreement between the project proponent and the Government, wherein the project proponent declares that all care would be taken to avoid causing unnecessary damage to the ambient environment while implementing the given project and the Government accepts it. The project is exempted from obtaining environmental clearance from the MOEF following the 10' April 1997 amendment to EIA notification of 27th January 1994 and October 15, 1999 notification regarding marginal land acquisition. The project roads do not pass through any ecologically sensitive areas, such as national parks, sanctuaries, tiger reserves, reserve forests. The private land acquisition is very marginal amounting only to 4.67 hectares for the entire 394-km of project roads. Under the given circumstances PWD is exempted from applying for environmental clearance to MOEF. Yet, the PWD has decided to adopt a proactive course for environmental management of the roads and play a significant role in environmental protection and enhancement of the State's road network. This makes it very important that the project promoter has a concrete and comprehensive plan and adequate budget for environmental management. This plan should state the procedure and the manner in which the project proponent would carry out the management of environment in the context of the given project. This is called the Environment Management Plan (EMP). Keeping the requirements of the project in mind a comprehensive EMP has been prepared. The Environment Management Plan summarises the environmental impacts of the project and presents measures, which will be implemented to mitigate the adverse impacts of the project and to enhance the positive outcome of the project. More specifically the EMP includes the following components: * Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures * Implementing organisation of EMP * Monitoring Implementation of EMP and reporting; and * Training on environmental management. The contents under each of the above are discussed in details in the rest of this chapter. 2.1. Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures The environmental impacts due to location, engineering design, impacts during construction and operation phases have been discussed in detail in Chapter 6 of the EIA Report and have been also presented in tabular form in the enclosed Appendix of the EMP. The primary impacts due to the project and the consequent mitigation measures are discussed here. * Raising of Embankment and New pavement * Gravel and Borrow pits * Use and Disposal of Excavated Material * Land Acquisition * Avenue Plantation and Afforestation * Accidents and Road safety * Impact on Air Quality and Noise level Impact on Water Resources and Water Quality * Sanitation and Waste Disposal * Aesthetics 2.2.1. Raising of Embankment and New pavement The stretch where embankment raising has been suggested is noted in Table 6-1 of Chapter 6 and in Appendix 6.1 of the EIA Report. The freshly consolidated fill areas are initially prone to erosion. 3 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Hlth\kavs En\ironment Nlana2ement Plan Improvement Project p Stabilisation of fill areas, selection of less eroding material, good compaction and covering surface with turf are the required mitigation measures. 2.2.2. Gravel and Borrow Pit Restoration In the first instance, one should note that soil with gravel (moorum) occur extensively over nearly all parts of Kartnataka, but is generally associated with rather high clay fractions. Proper homogenisation with sand would add to the stability of the road embankments. Connected to this situation is the location of borrow-materials. Borrow pits are generally located along the road corridors. Water accumulates in these pits during the rainy season, which in tum can act as disease vectors. The required mitigation measures are Ji Proper dressing of the pits. > The cut faces should be merged with to the slope of the adjoining terrain > Bottom of the pits should be graded towards available natural out-falls to prevent water accumulation. 2.2.3. Use and Disposal of Excavated Material The excavated material can be utilised for reconstruction of roads. However. the bitumen- contaminated material may not be used for this purpose, as it would release phenol with potentials to contaminate the water resources. The required mitigation measure is - To dispose off the excavated black top in abandoned stone quarries wvith proper clay lining. 2.2.4. Land Acquisition Road widening requires acquisition of private and public lands. This also includes agricultural land, residential and commercial structures. The legal procedures applicable in this regard have been described in Chapter 2 of the EIA Report. The Rehabilitation Action Plan (RAP) prepared separately for this project looks into the acquisition aspects and the related compensations to the project affected persons. In addition active public consultation and dissemination of information in the affected areas will be undertaken. 2.2.5. Avenue Plantation and Afforestation A total of 5393 trees are estimated to be felled. The procedures for obtaining permission for tree felling and to raise forest and avenue plantation have been described in detail in Chapter 2, Section 2.2.5 and Chapter 6, Section 6.2.3 and 6.3.8 of the EIA Report. The required mitigation measures are > Planting of 200 trees per kilometer would be required as avenue plantation - The plants will be a mix of local species of trees and shrubs - Saplings are to be raised in nurseries and three-year-old plants are to be transplanted , Adequate protection in the form of fencing or gabion, regular maintenance with security guards and caretakers will be taken. - The plantation programme will be undertaken with the assurance of active participation of the State Forest Department through guidance and supervision. 2.2.6. Accidents and Road safety These can occur under three circumstances. each requiring specific mitigation measure(s). Durine Desien Phase The traffic studies have identified areas with heavy traffic intensity and acute-angle intersections, which require junction improvements and widening of roads in congested stretches. The locations of these intersections have been noted in Chapter 3 of the EIA Report. The Strip Maps show the locations of congested places. The required mitigation measures are 4 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Highw-avs Environment Manacement Plan Improvement Project r Improvement of junction points Improvement in the vertical profile Straightening, of road in stretches with acute curves. - Placement of appropriate road-signage and symbols to forewarn the road users. During Construction Phase Short term impact associated with this project, will be traffic diversion and management during the construction phase. The required mitigation measure is > Establishing suitable traffic management system, with the concurrence of the Police Department, and assistance of the Police Department to regulate traffic. A comprehensive Traffic Management Plan has been formulated and included in Chapter 3 of the Detailed Engineering Design Report. During the operation phase Accident hazards will be greatly reduced and the widened road will ensure smooth and fast flow of traffic. The event that could pose significant environmental risk is the accident of vehicles carrying hazardous cargo. The required mitigation measures are - Establishment of emergency response facilities to accidental spillage of hazardous chemicals and Prevention of contamination of water body through immediate cordoning off the area of spillage and made off-limits to the public. Run off of the chemical into any water body should be prevented with utmost urgency A- Side drainage channels and collection sumps at the landfall points should be provided for collection and safe removal of hazardous materials. 2.2.7. Impact on Air quality Such impacts happen in two situations and each requires specific mitigation measure(s). During Construction Phase Moderate air quality impacts during the construction phase of the project can be anticipated due to the uses of construction machinery and fomnation of fugitive dust in and around the construction site due to vehicular movement and handling of materials. The SPM and RPM levels are generally high in Kamataka and well beyond the prescribed limits in urban areas like Sindhnur and Gangavati. Regulation of traffic and pedestrian movement is of particular concem in the urban areas during construction, as the regular traffic will have to be diverted to other temporary roads for the period of construction. The required mitigation measures are - Asphalt and hot mix plants should be located at least 500-metres away from inhabited urban and rural settlements, PI Trucks carrying earth, sand or stone should be covered with "traps" to restrain spilling, Fugitive dust should be controlled by sprinkling water, and w Regular maintenance of machinery and equipment should be carried out. During Operation Phase Increase in vehicular traffic is assumed in the very design for road upgrading. Consequent rise in the level of vehicular emission is only to be expected on all road segments in future. The required mitigation measures are - Creation of vegetation screen along the roadside having a two-tier arrangement to absorb pollutants and arrest dust entrainment. - Maintenance of avenue plantation Phasing out of old vehicles, - Promotion of increased use of fuel-efficient engines. o Promotion of increased use of catalytic converters for petrol vehicles, and - Promotion of increased use of smoke traps for diesel vehicles. 5 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State HiLzhwavs Environment ManaLement Plan Improvement ProJect It may be noted that increased traffic speed will reduce localised concentration of pollutants and result in faster dispersion of the pollutants. 2.2.8. Impact on Noise level Such impacts happen in two situations and each requires specific mitigation measure(s). During Construction Phase Temporary impacts in the immediate vicinity of the project may occur during to construction. The magnitude of impact will depend upon the specific types of equipment used and on the construction methods employed. Care should be taken to reduce such impacts. The required mitigation measures are - Source-control through maintenance of all equipment in good condition > Use of properly designed engine enclosures and intake silencers lo Locating construction equipment at least 250m awvay from inhabited areas A< Providing protection devices like earplugs to all workers near construction equipment Scheduling of project activities to coincide with periods when people would be least affected. Strict prohibition of construction activities between 10 P.M and 6 A.M. in the residential areas. During Operation Phase Increase in noise level is anticipated due to increase in traffic movement. The impacted areas are basically the towns and the other places having a semi-urban profile and which function as major market centres and where inter-modal transfer of commodities is involved. The required mitigation measures are . Proper management of traffic by police department of the State Government > Enforcement of legal measures on unwanted increase in the noise level by police department of the State Government > Maintenance of avenue plantations to dampen traffic-related noise. ; Adoption of special measures on noise control near sensitive receptors like hospital, schools and administrative offices. 2.2.9. Impact on Water Resources and Water Quality Impacts may arise under different circumstance, each requinng specific mitigation measure(s). During Reconstruction of Bridges & Culverts There are many bridges and culverts in the given network of the roads selected for improvement. Some of these will require replacement. The required mitigation measures are - The rehabilitated bridges and culverts should be located, as far as practicable, approximately at the locations of the original structures - During reconstruction of such structures. diversions are required to avoid impairing the traffic. Care should be taken to prevent erosion of the diversion structures. r Proper care to protect the aquatic ecological systems. Obstruction to Natural Drainage Roads can act as dams. impeding free run off along the sloping terrain. The required mitigation measures are r Placement of adequate number of culverts of properly designed capacities ' Establishing roadside drains leading to natural drainage channels of adequate capacity to dischargye the run off from probable highest rainfall in 24 hours as per the IMD Data-book [The map showing regional variations of such rainfall has been placed in Chapter 5 of the EIA Report.] - Regular maintenance of all drainage structures. Impact on w ater quality 6 Scott Wilson / CESi IIIE Karnatakai State Hi hw as s Environment Management Plan improvement Project No permanent impact is anticipated on water quality due to the project. Construction activities may temporarily deteriorate surface water quality near the alignment through increase in turbidity as well as in oil and crease. Some of the important mitigation measures are r All water and other liquid wastes arising from construction activities will be properly disposed off and will not be let into any water body. This can be realised by acting as noted below: r Littering or unauthorised discharge will not be permitted: r Permission of the engineer and the concemed regulatory authorities will be obtained for disposal of the wastes at the designated disposal point. r The stream courses and drains will be kept free from any dumping of solid wastes and earth material. r All the natural and artificial water bodies will be protected from possible modes of pollution like runoff of the earth material to the water course, blockage of drains and culverts due to spillage of materials and other drain off which contribute to siltation. r Details of temporary drainage system (Including all surface channels, sediment traps, washing basins and discharge pits) will be submitted for approval prior to commencing of construction works. 2.2.10. Sanitation and Waste Disposal Sewage and domestic solid waste generated at the construction workers colony shall be properly disposed off. Improper management of these solid wastes may lead to health and hygiene related problems. The applicable PWD specifications for labour camp development for type A construction will ensure that adequate sanitation at the workers' colony is maintained. The basic mitigation measures are: R- The contractor shall install adequate lavatories at the construction camp to cater to the requirements of the workers. - The contractor at the campsites shall build Septic Tanks. - Proper collection system for domestic refuse and its segregation and disposal will be ensured. Periodic health check-ups of construction workers will be undertaken. 2.2.11. Aesthetics The roadside plantation, in addition to functioning as pollution screens, will add to the aesthetics of the road. Road furniture, if properly designed, can also contribute towards attractiveness of the road to the users. 2.2.12. EMP for Roads under Major Maintenance It has been mentioned in the SEA Report that no adverse environmental impact is apprehended if the specifications given for road improvement are adhered to. Nevertheless. the following impacts during the construction phase could arise, for which the mitigation measures suggested for the Road Upgradation Project would apply. * New pavement * Gravel and Borrow pits * Use and disposal of excavated material * Accidents and Road safety * Impact on Air quality and Noise level * Impact on water resources and water quality * Sanitation and Waste Disposal * Aesthetics 3. Capacity Development Implementation of mitigation measures would be possible if an Environment Management Plan Implementation Unit (EMPIU) is developed and assigned wvith specific responsibilities with regard to 7 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State High% ays Environment Management Plan Improvement Project * Monitoring progress of the project as per planned schedule of activities * Exercise control over the contractors of all descnptions appointed for the given works * Assist the Supervisor Engineer by providing appropriate solution of engineering problems for implementing the prescribed mitigation measures * Documenting the experience of implementation processes * Preparation and use of training materials for the Public Works Department of the Govemment of Kamataka incorporating the experience of implementation processes and other relevant issues concerning protection of environment * Maintaining effective interfaces with the other relevant institutions in the context of the works. The project proponent has to satisfy itself that the members of this EMPIU do indeed appreciate the full administrative implications of the suggested mitigation measure in their proper contexts. They have to guarantee that all the approved mitigation measures would be implemented in their spirit and by letters and that they will have to report to the permission issuing authority by certifying that all these have indeed been complied with during implementation. This organisation must also be empowered to adequately discharge the above responsibilities in a manner not detrimental to the given project. At present the PWD of the GOK does not have any established EMP Implementation Unit. Under the circumstances, the Project Implementation Unit (PIU), set up for working with Project Coordinating Consultants (PCC). would be the best available organisation to supervise over the implementation of the environment management plan. By virtue of its continued association with the PCC, the PIU would be fully acquainted with the considerations behind project formulation at all stages. The PIU, with appropriate strengthening, should appear competent to act as the EMP Implementation Unit (EMPIU). Where it will require strengthening are detailed below. The PIUl would have functionaries to exercise financial controls, sustain inter-institutional coordination, maintain general administration and such other functions as the plan for institution development would envisage. The EMPIU shall be a specific functional unit under the Project Director of the PIU. The EMPIU shall be headed by a Senior Environment Engineer (of equivalent level of an Executive Engineer of the GOK) and have three wings, the functions of which are stated below: - Environment Mitigation & Monitoring Wing - to be headed by the Senior Environment Engineer himself and supported by required numbers of Assistant Environmental Engineers; AI Forestrv & Environment Enhancement Wing - to be headed by an Assistant Conservator of Forest and Range Forest Officers in the divisions to assist the Executive Engineers on forestry aspects. ' Documentation of Monitoring & Training Wing - to be headed by a Training Manager. All these three wings of the EMPIU shall maintain close interaction and coordination between themselves as well as with the other Divisions of the PIU. Considering that the PIU does not have any expertise in environment management including monitoring, supervision and training, the required expertise will need to be hired, preferably by appointing a Consulting Firm for an initial period of two years. This contract may be extended for one more year on satisfactory discharge of responsibilities, documentation of findings and training. and close interaction with the other relevant Divisions of the PIU, especially, the Divisions for Inter- institutional Coordination. Financial Control and Social Development & Resettlement Cell (SDRC). It is, however. necessarv to note that the expertise on forestry would be available from within the PIU. Since the uninitiated newN, members of the EMPIU will not be having any exposure to environmental management in road projects. the EMPIU staff will gain thorough hands on experience by interacting with the Consulting firm. The GOK will strengthen the EMPIU by appointing additional relevant personnel in a graded manner in two years and expose and educate them by their constant association and interaction with the consulting firm. The EMPIU can take over from the Consultant in the end of the second year in its full strength and carry out the tasks under EMP implementation independently. 8 Scott Wilson / CES' IIIE Karnalaka State II ighiways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project Figure-2: ORGANISATION STRUCTURE OF THE ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION UNIT (EMPIU) r Poect Director| s EEng neering Division R E Senior ERaichur Beu G a C onservator of Forestg lEEngixieer Bangalore Eninero . ~~~~~~~~~~Training Manager-Documentation Bangalore Monitoring and Training Division Asst Env Asst En Engineer JA-sst Env Engineer Asst Env Erigineer 1 , RF0 , RF0 Engineer Raichur Blaum Hiriyur Gulbarga e .Rihr Blaum uiiu Glarga Executive Engineer of | r EMPIU DOMAIN SColt wilkon / (Es / 1111T Kamataka State Hiehwavs Environment Management Plan Improvement Project The EMPIU will have the following powers * Have access to all documents on the formulated project; * Have access to all Government Orders issued for the appointment of and the conditions stipulated therein for all Contractors and the Supervision Consultants; * Have access to the records maintained by the Contractors, including that of the Consulting Supervisors; * Freedom to inspect the works under execution; * Record the circumstances requinrng application of altemative cost-effective mitigation measures; * Appoint specialists to monitor unanticipated social and environmental problems and to obtain from them the appropriate solutions thereof; * Prepare environment monitoring reports on works under execution at regular intervals; and * Undertake any other tasks arising from and related to the above. The Contractors and the Consulting Supervisors are to be seen as the arms of the EMPIU. Therefore, to appreciate their co-operation and to stimulate them to execute the works will be a major objective of management. 3.1. The Role of the Functionaries The most important role of the EMPIU, on receiving the approved EMP together with the documents appended thereto, would be to note down all tasks and sub-tasks derivable thereof and to sequence its own activities in consonance with the schedule of construction activities. The major functionaries, extemal to the EMPIU, are the contractors and the Supervisory Consultants. The EMPIU will instruct the Supervisory Consultants to prepare similar schedules of works. Failure to achieve such concordance would impair progress and, ultimately, invalidate the EMPIU. It is particularly important that the team of Supervisory Consultants includes an Environmental Engineer. This Consulting Environmental Engineer shall be a civil engineer with post-graduate specialisation in environmental engineering. He should have five years of working experience related to integration of environmental and social issues in the design, construction and operation of transport projects. Experience in construction management and operational maintenance of highways would be preferred. The major duties of the Consulting Environmental Engineer would be as follows - Review the implementation plan of the Contractor(s) '- Supervise implementation of the EMP by the contractor 7 Develop good practice-construction-guidelines to assist the contractors in implementing the EMP , Carry out periodic monitoring of air, noise and water quality to ensure compliance with the requirements of the State and the EMP r Hold regular consultative meetings with the EMPIU to exchange information on the emerging scenario while implementing the EMP r In collaboration with the EMPIU, organise periodic environmental training programmes and workshops of the contractors and the other members of the Consulting Supervisors . Prepare and submit regular environmental monitonng and implementation progress reports. The Contractors' responsibilities in matters related to protection and enhancement of environment shall be a part of the Bid Document. The Consulting Supervisors shall be held responsible for any deviation caused by the Contractor. For its importance, these conditions have been comprehensively defined below and would form a part of the Bid Document. 3.2. Conditions in Bid Document for Construction Contractors for Protection of Environment (a) Genieral The contractor shall take all necessary measures and precautions and otherwise ensure that the execution of the works and all associated operations on-site or of-site are carried out in conformity with statutory and regulatory environmental requirements including those prescribed elsewhere in this document. 10 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Hiehwavs Environment Management Plan Improvement Protect The Contractor shall take all the measures and precautions to avoid any nuisance or disturbance arising from the execution of the works. This shall wherever possible be achieved by suppression of the nuisance at source rather than abatement of the nuisance once generated. The provisions of this sub-clause shall however, be disregarded in respect of emergency work required for saving life or the safety of the works. In the event of any spoil or debris or silt from the sites being deposited on adjacent land, the Contractor shall immediately remove such spoils, debris or silt and restore the affected area to its original state to the satisfaction of the Supervisor Engineer. Surplus excavation materials and topsoil shall, wherever possible, be used to reinstate quarries or borrow pits or other areas as may be approved by the Supervisor Engineer. Such materials should be spread in such a manner as to limit subsequent erosion and shall be re-vegetated as existing ground cover dictates. (b) Borrow-pitsfor Embankmenit Conistruction Borrow-pits shall not be dug in the right of way of the road. The stipulations in Clause 305.2.2 of the technical specification shall govern. (c) Quarry Operations The Contractor shall obtain materials from licensed and government approved quarries only. The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only after the consent of the Forest Department or other concerned authorities is obtained. The quarry operation shall be undertaken within the purview of the rules and regulations in force. (d) Soil Erosion and Sedimenitation Constrol The Contractor shall carry out the works in such a manner that soil erosion is fully controlled, and sedimentation and pollution of natural water courses, ponds, tanks and reservoirs is avoided. The stipulations in clause 306 of the technical specification shall govern. (e) Substances Hazardous to Health The Contractor shall not use or generate any materials in the works, which are hazardous to the health of persons, animal or vegetation. Where it is necessary to use some substances, which can cause injury to the health of workers, the Contractor shall provide protective clothing or appliances to his workers. (I) Use of Nuclear Gauges Nuclear gauges shall be used only where permitted by the Engineer. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer with a copy of the regulations governing the safe use of nuclear gauges he intends to employ and shall abide by such regulations. (g) Fuel and Clhemical Storage All fuel and chemical storage shall be sited on an impervious base within an embanked area and secured by fencing. The storage area shall be located away from any watercourse or wetland. The base and walls of the embankment shall be impermeable and of sufficient capacity to contain 1 10% of the volume of tanks. Filling and refueling shall be strictly controlled and subjected to formal procedures. All valves and trigger guns shall be resistant to unauthorised interference and vandalism and be turned off and securely locked when not in use. The contents of any tank or drum shall be clearly marked. Measures shall be taken to ensure that no contamination happens or discharges enter any drain or watercourses. (it) Wf ater Quality The contractor shall prevent any interference with the supply to or abstraction from polluted water sources (including underground percolating water) as a result of execution of the works. 11 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project Areas where water is regularly or repetitively used for dust suppression purposes shall be laid to fall to specially constructed settlement tanks to pennit sedimentation of particulate matter. After resettlement, the water may be re-used for dust suppression. All water and liquid waste products arising on the sites shall be collected and disposed off at location onsite or off site and in a manner that shall not cause nuisance or pollution. The Contractor shall not discharge or deposit any matter arising from the execution of the works into any place except with the permission of the Supervisor Engineer and the regulatory authorities concerned. The Contractor shall protect all water-courses, water ways, ditches, canals, drains, lakes and the like from pollution, silting, flooding or erosion as a result of the execution of the works. The Contractor shall submit the details of his temporary drainage work system (including all surface channels, sediment traps, washing basins and discharge-pits) to the Supervisor Engineer for approval prior to commencing work on its construction. (i) Air Quality The Contractor shall devise and arrange methods of working to minimise dust, gaseous or other air borne emissions and carry out the works in such a manner as to minimise adverse impacts on air quality. Bituminous hot -mix plants and concrete batching plants shall be located sufficiently away from habitation, agricultural operations or industrial establishments. The Contractor shall utilise effective water sprays during the delivery and handling of materials when dust is generated and dampen stored material during dry weather. Stockpiles of materials should be sited in sheltered areas or within hoarding, away from sensitive areas. Stockpiles of friable materials shall be covered with clean tarpaulins with application of sprayed water during dry and windy weather. Stockpiles of debris shall be dampened prior to their movement, except where this is contrary to the specifications. Any vehicle with an open load carrying area used for transport of potentially dust producing materials shall have properly fitting side and tailboards. Materials having potential to produce dust shall not be loaded to a level higher than the side and tail boards and shall be covered with clean tarpaulin in good condition. The tarpaulin should be properly secured and extended to at least 300 mm over the edges of the sideboard and tailboard. During high wind, no dust generating operations shall be permnitted within 200m of residential areas having regard to the prevailing direction of the wind. Construction vehicles and machinery shall be kept in good working order and engines tumed off when not in use. Appropriate measures shall be taken to limit exhaust emissions from construction vehicles, machinery and plant and the contractor shall include details of such proposed measures in the mitigation and monitoring plan to be submitted to the Supervisor. In residential areas or other sensitive areas, such as nurseries, schools, hospitals, etc., advance waming shall be given to potentially affected persons so that some measures can be taken by them before commencement of the works. G;) Noise The Contractor shall consider noise as an environmental concem in his planning and during execution of the works. The Contractor shall use plant and equipment conforming to international standards and directives on noise, vibrations and emissions shall include the details of measures for abating noise at source in the mitigation and the monitoring plan to be submitted to the supervisor Engineer. 12 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project The Contractor shall take all necessary measures to ensure that operation of all mechanical equipment and construction processes on and off the site shall not cause any unnecessary or excessive noise, taking into account all applicable environmental requirements. The Contractor shall use all necessary measures and shall maintain all plant and silencing equipment in good condition so as to minimise the noise emissions during construction works. When operating close to sensitive areas such as residential. nursery, school or medical facilities, the Contractor's hours of working shall be limited to 8 A.M. to 6 P. M. (k) Transmission of Diseases The Contractor shall take all necessary measures to prevent transmission of diseases between the local inhabitants and the labourers engaged for the works, especially with regard to sexually transmitted diseases. The Contractor shall install the necessary medical facilities for this purpose. The Contractor shall verify that check up for detecting the occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases amongst the labourers engaged for the works are actually being carried out and submit a certificate to that effect to the Supervisor Construction Engineer. (I) Preservation ofArchaeological Assets and Antiquities The Contractor shall take all necessary measures to protect any archaeological finds or antiquities as required. W'here antiquities are shown on the drawing or otherwise identified during the course of the works, these shall be protected by means of suitable fencing and barriers to the satisfaction of the Supervisor Engineer. The Contractor shall provide and maintain access at all times for persons wishing to stop and pay their respects. (mi) En vironmenit Enlhan cement All existing highways and roads used by vehicle of the Contractor or any of his sub contractors or suppliers of materials or plant, and similarly any new roads which are part of the works and which are being used by traffic, shall be kept clean and clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous materials dropped by the said vehicles or their tyres. Similarly, all dust/mud or other extraneous materials from the works spreading on these highways shall be immediately cleared by the Contractor. Clearance shall be effected immediately by manual sweeping and removal of debris, or, if so directed by the Engineer, by mechanical sweeping and clearing equipment, and all dust, mud and other debris shall be removed entirely from the road surface. Additionally, if so directed by the Supervisory Engineer, the road surface shall be hosed or watered using suitable equipment. Any structural damage caused to the existing roads by the contractor's construction equipment shall be made good without any extra cost. On completion of the works. the Contractor shall reinstate all areas with natural vegetation to the satisfaction of the Supervisor Engineer. The Contractor shall remove all old tyres and intemal tubes from within the limits of site and subject to the agreement of adjacent landowners, from an additional area of 75 m either side of the road centre line. The Contractor shall dispose of all matenals in a manner approved by the Supervisor Engineer. Where directed by the Supervisor Engineer, the Contractor shall improve and reinstate the land on which informal roadside service area have been established by removing all debris and 13 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Hiczhwavs Environment Nlanagement Plan Improvement Project contaminated soils, re-grading to natural ground levels and re-establishing the natural vegetation where appropriate. All debns and contaminated materials shall be disposed off site as approved by the Supervisor Engineer. Record Keeping on Implementation of the EMP Monitoring implementation of the EMP would be necessary during both construction and operation phases. Equally important is record keeping for its utility as a statement of experience on implementation of EMP for subsequent use by the PWD. For its complexity, the procedures to be followed for monitoring during the construction phase are first described. During Construction Phase > The Supervisor Engineer shall monitor the functioning of the Contractor with a view to ascertaining that the Contractor has indeed been performing his tasks in accordance with the conditions in the Bid Document. Any departure in this regard would qualify for application of the penal provisions stipulated in other parts of the Bid Document upon the violator. Normally, the Supervisor Engineer has to send Progress Report periodically to the project proponent. A copy of the same Progress Report should be sent to the EMPIU. > The EMPIU shall prepare a report based on its own system of monitoring to record the manner in which the EMP is being implemented. This monitoring report should cover, as far as practicable, the same period in the latest Progress Report prepared by the Supervisor Engineer. Copies of both these reports should maintained as records by the project proponent. > Prior permission of the EMPIU would be required for modifying any element of the approved design when considered necessary. The EMPIU shall grant permission to such modification(s) only when proper scrutiny, by the Environmental Engineer, of the proposal would indicate that no new negative impact on environment would thereby be caused. In the event of discovering the possibility of occurrence of new impacts, the EMPIU would suggest the required mitigation measure and solicit the approval of the Project Proponent to that extent. The Project Proponent shall, in tum, grant such permission only when the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board on reference states in writing that such mitigation measure(s) would be adequate. The entire process should be recorded and a copy sent to the EMPIU along with the solicited permission to authorise the Supervisor Engineer to implement the modified design. . The conditions stipulated above shall be binding upon the Supervisor Engineer. He should, therefore, submit his proposals well in advance to avoid causing delay in project implementation. The EMPIU shall periodically ascertain that the required advance planning has indeed being done by-the Supervisor Engineer. r The Contractor for materials supply should identify, in consultation with the EMPIU, the stone quarries and the borrow areas for sourcing the respective kind of materials of pre-approved quality. The EMPIU should not allow development of borrow-pits within the established ROW to avoid increase in materials requirement at the time of expanding the carriageway in future. The procedure for restoration of the borrow areas has been noted in the conditions in the Bid Document for protection of environment. The stone quarry or quarries identified as source(s) would be required to implement the necessary mitigation measures on noise and air- quality noted in the conditions in the Bid Document for protection of environment. I Regarding the locations for installing stone-crushers, the EMPIU has to opt between work-site and quarry-site, both offering advantages as well as disadvantages. Since the stone-crushing process leads to the formation of stone granules, its disposal at the quarrv-site would lead to dumping of this valuable material. At the work-site, the granules can be gainfully utilised as fillers. At both the locations, the measures noted in the conditions in the Bid Document for protection of environment on air-quality must be implemented. On completion of the construction phase. the EMPIU will submit a detailed statement on the measures taken as proof of compliance with the approved mitigation measures considered for issuing environmental clearance. Thlis report after scrutiny shall be forwarded to the institution granting the given environmental clearance with a request to certify that compliance has 14 Scott Wilson/ CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project indeed been effected. This certificate on receipt should be preserved in the office of the Project Proponent for future reference. > On completion of the Construction Phase, the assets created from the project shall be handed over to the Project Proponent, i.e., the Public Works Department, GoK. With this, the responsibilities of the Supervisor Engineer and the Contractor(s) would cease. The EMPIU would again emerge as responsible for overseeing the implementation of the mitigation measures of the post-construction phase. During Operation Phase The potential impacts during the operation phase are of diverse kind. not all of which fall within the jurisdiction of the Public Works Department. Hence, its responsibility shall be to oversee that the other appropriate agencies of the State implement the specific mitigation measures falling within their respective jurisdictions. The EMPIU, for this purpose, will initiate some pro-actions to alert the other agencies in this regard. The domains of pro-actions are described belowv. A major area of concem would be with the future needs for widening the project roads. This need can be addressed if the established ROW is wide enough to allow addition of two lanes, as and when required. The required pro-actions in this regard are as follows: ' The EMPIU, through the PWD, will request the Government of Kamataka to allocate necessary funds to establish progressively ROW of minimum width of 30-m for all the State Highways, starting with the Project Roads. On receipt of the required funds, action shall be taken for land acquisition at appropriate locations. > Considering that the widths of the existing ROW are wider than 30-m in many stretches, the EMPIU will remain ever vigilant about wrongful encroachment on the currently vacant stretches of the ROW. On detection of cases of trespass, a first information report (FIR) on it will be filed with the local Police Station. Trespass is a cognisable offence as per the Indian Penal Code, by virtue of wvhich eviction of the trespasser(s) becomes an obligatory function of the State. Therefore, immediately after filing the FIR, the matter will be reported to the concerned District Magistrate for appropriate action, leading to restoration of the original rights of the Public Works Department. 1 Considering that adequate funds to acquire the required land may not be available at one time. the EMPIU will seek application of the relevant provisions in the Town & Country Planning Act with regard to the State's right to prescribe set-back for buildings with reference to the outer edges of ROW of public roads. The Department of Town & Country Planning, GoK is the appropriate agency for implementation of the prescribed norm for setback. The fall-out of this pro-action would provide elbowroom for acquiring open spaces to meet the future needs for wider ROW. To contain the apprehended impacts on air-quality, noise level and on biological resources would again require a variety of pro-actions, leading to inter-agency collaboration. These are elaborated below: - Increased vehicular traffic along the Project Roads would unavoidably cause increased air pollution and noise. The required mitigation measure falling within the jurisdiction of the EMPIU is to establish and maintain avenue plantation. These plantations help in confining the above noted impacts arising from increased vehicular traffic within the ROW. The avenue plantations intercept a good amount of traffic-related pollutants as well as sound waves. These deserve appreciation of the local communities. Nevertheless. there are evidences that unauthorised persons wantonly cut these plants to secure firewood. The direct obligation of the EMPIU in this regard is to maintain these avenue trees. However. the prevailing practice has been to delegate this responsibility to the Forest Department of the State. Therefore. the task of monitoring the state of the avenue plantations becomes a responsibility of both the Departments while the task of restoration falls exclusively within the jurisdiction of the Forest Department. Reporting on the basis of monitoring the instances of failure then becomes a matter deserving pro-action from the EMPIU. 15 Scott Wilson /CES/ IIIE Kazmataka State Hi2hwavs En, ironment Management Plan Improvement Project < Reduction of load of traffic related pollution does not fall within the jurisdiction of the Public Works Department. At the same time, such pollutants accumulate on and visibly travel from the roads belonging to this Department. It is a matter of public concem. The EMPIU has to prove that they also carry this concern. Hence the need for pro-actions like requesting the State Pollution Control Board to monitor the degree of pollution occumrng and to map the dispersion pattern in relation to the sensitive receptors, like school. nursery, hospitals, etc., in the neighbourhood. Similarly, it is necessary to request the Department of Police (Traffic) to force the vehicles emitting pollutants above permissible levels to remain out of the so affected traffic corridors and to install measures to reduce idling-time of the vehicles on road. Pro- action like requesting the National Govemment to produce only unleaded petrol and sulphur- free diesel is also needed. Public disclosure of the fact that such pro-actions are being taken by the EMPIU would establish its credibility as an institution sharing a commnon public concern. During such disclosures, it would be wise of the EMPIU to convince the lay public that the avenue plantations maintained by them are their contribution towards protecting the neighbourhoods from the pollutants. This would help in mobilising better public support at the time of implementing widened roads. > Abatement of noise on roads is also a matter of public concern. For reasons similar to those for reduction of pollution load mentioned above, public disclosure of the fact of initiation of pro- actions would establish credibility of the EMPIU and help in the mobilisation of public support for,the future road development programmes. Here also, the pollution control board needs to measure the order of impact upon the sensitive receptors and to disclose the facts for public awareness. The Traffic Police Department would be another helping institution in this regard by pulling out noisy vehicles from so affected roads. During such disclosures, it would be wise of the EMPIU to convince the lay public that the avenue plantations maintained by them are their contribution towards abating dispersion of noise in the neighbourhoods. The disclosures made about the functions of the avenue trees in abating pollution and noise transmission would help in mobilising public support for protecting these trees. That would be a direct benefit to derive for protection of biological resources. Faster vehicles along with increased traffic density lead to the rise of accident hazards. The nature of pro-actions needed in this regard is explained below: >- The EMPIU can suggest the need for keeping fenced footpaths in the stretches of their accident-prone roads passing through rural settlements. Within the congested areas, covered drains can be developed for this purpose. For all these, additional funds would be necessary, unless provided for in the current road improvement programme. The town municipal organisations as well as the Traffic Police Department can be requested by the EMPIU as a part of their pro-action commitments to install traffic control facilities towards ensuring public safety. r The Traffic Police Department shall also be requested by the EMPIU to enforce firmer controls over transport of hazardous chemicals and upon the overloaded vehicles. The same department can also be requested to install telephone facilities at suitable locations on the roads to facilitate reporting the events of accident. Measures to take rapid rescue services should also be installed at convenient locations along the accident prone road corridors. The interagency collaboration has been listed in Table 2 below. Table 2:Collaborating Agencies and Related tasks SI. No Agency Issues and Pro-actions I State Police Department . Traffic Management . Preventing Encroachment of ROW * Checks on polluting vehicles along with 16 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Highways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project SI. No Agencv Issues and Pro-actions the State Pollution Control Board 2 District Administration * Removing encroachment from PWD land Land Acquisition 3 Department of Town and Country * Set back distances for structures from Planning, GoK the edge of the PWD's RoW. Fixing Control lines to limit building activity * Land Use Control and Planning in sensitive areas like Schools, Residential areas, and Hospitals 4 State Forest Department * Avenue Plantation and Afforestation 5 Kamataka State Pollution Control * Pollution Monitoring Board * Enforcement of pollution control laws in urban areas along with Police Department 6 Karnataka Power Transmission * Establishing Power lines and Pylons Corporation Limited beyond the ROW edge in urban and rural stretches 7 Department of * Laying Telephone cables, Telephone Telecommunication poles, Optical fibre Cables beyond the ROW edge 8 Department of Health Services * Establishing Accident Trauma centres |__________________________ _ }along the corridor 9 Public Health Engineering * Sanitary Facility in villages especially Department in Roadside villages 10 Urban and Rural Water Supply * Drinking water supply and Drains in the and Sewerage Board villages * Laying of Water lines beyond the edge of ROW 11 Department of Revenue * Land acquisition 12 Zilla Panchayat and Gram . Land acquisition. shifting of utilities. Panchavat community participation in social development and environmental enhancement 13 Irrigation Department - Deliverv of irrigation water 4. Ambit of Monitoring Having described the powers and responsibilities of the EMPIU, the Supervisor Engineer and the Contractors, it is now appropriate to define the ambit of monitonng within the framework of EMP. Monitoring refers to the records of actions taken to check the status of objects at pre-defined time. When monitoring is done with regards to any works, the records indicate whether progress is being achieved as planned. Monitoring done of the status of a given object yields base-line data for companson of the status of the same object at a later time point. For example, monitoring on any component of environment carried out before and after a project has been completed. the comparison 17 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highwavs Environment Management Plan Improvement Project of the two records indicate the order of change achieved by that project. In short, monitoring is essential for making evaluation of any action programme and of its impacts upon other objects in the vicinity. Final evaluation yields wisdom to do the same thing better next time. In the context of environment management, monitoring the quality of some sensitive components of environment is necessary. These are * Ambient Air Quality, * Ambient Noise Level, * Water Quality, and * Avenue Plantations together with Compensatory Afforestation. Monitoring should be carried out during three phases of the project, such as * Pre-construction Phase, * Construction Phase, and * Operation Phase. The Pre-construction Phase begins after the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report is made available. In the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) report, the status of the above noted four sensitive components of environment have been measured. These are to be seen as datum and monitoring should be carried out approximately at the same locations. The parameters for measuring ambient air quality for this stage of monitoring are noted in Table 3 below. The measurements should yield 8-hourly averages over 24-hours on two days interspersed by a two-day interval in one week. The monitoring station should be 20-m from the central line of the road on any one side, preferably near habitations. Table 3: Parameters and Permissible Limits of Ambient Air Quality Pollutants Time- Concentration in ambient air Weighted Average Industrial Area Residential, Rural Sensitive Area & other Areas Sulphur Dioxide(SO2) Annual Avg. 80,g/m3 60gig/m3 15,ug/m3 24 Hours** 120pg/m3 80pg/m3 30pig/m3 Oxides of Annual* 80.ig/m3 60pg/m3 15.ig/m3 Nitrogen(NO.) 24 Hours** 120p_g,/m3 80ug/m3 30pg/m3 SPM Annual 360,ug/m3 140u g/m3 70,ug/m3 24 Hours** 500ug/m3 200,u0glm3 100pg/m3 RPM(Size<10um) Annual 120pg/m3 60[Lglm3 50pg/m3 24 Hours** 150ig/m3 lOOiig/m3 75Vg/m3 Lead(Pb) Annual 1I,g/m3 0.75, jg/m3 0.5gg/m3 24 Hours** .5pg/m3 Il g/m3 0.75vg/m3 Carbon 8 Hours** 5mg,/m3 2mg/m3 Img/m3 Monoxide(CO) I I_ Hour 10mg!m3 4mg/m3 20mg/m3 Source: Standards for liquid effluents, gaseous emissions, automobile exhaust, noise and Ambient Air Quality, Central Pollution Control Board.PCL/4/1995-96 i* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24: ihourly -At uniform interval ** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it May exceed, but not on two consecutive days. The parameters for measuring ambient noise level for this stage of monitonng are noted in Table 4. The measurements should yield hourly averages during day-time (0600 to 2100 hrs.) and night-time 18 Scott Wilson / CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Highwavs Environment Nlanacement Plan Improvement Project (2100 to 0600 hrs.) over 24-hours on two days interspersed by a two-day interval in a given week. The noise monitonrng station can be located near the air quality sampling stations. Table 4: Parameters and Permissible Limits of Ambient Noise Level Area Categorv of Limits in dB(A) Leq Code Area Dav Time Night Time A Industrial area 75 70 B Commercial area 65 55 C Residential area 55 45 D Silence area 50 40 Note: (1) Davtime is reckoned in between 6 a.m. and 9 p.m.; (2) Night time is reckoned in between 9 p.m. and 6 a.m.: (3) Silence zone is defined as area upto 100m around such premises as hospitals, educational institutions and law-courts. The silence zones are to be declared by the competent Authority. Use of vehicular homs, loud speaker and bursting of crackers shall be banned in these zones. (4) Mixed categories of areas should be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categones by the competent authority and the corresponding standards shall apply. The parameters for measuring water quality for this stage of monitoring are noted in Table 5. The measurements should be based on the samples collected from water-bodies crossed or touched by the given road. Table 5: Drinking Water Specification- IS 10500: 1991 Si Substance/ Desirable Limit Permissible Remarks No Characteristic Limit 1 COLOUR. 5 25 Extended To 25 If Toxic HAZEN UNITS, Substance Are Not MAX Suspected In Absence Of =________________ ___________________ Alternate Sources 2 ODOUR Unobjectionable a)Test cold and when heated _____________ :b)Test at several dilution 3 TASTE Agreeable Test to be conducted onlv after safety has been established 4 TURBIDITY N T 5 10 - U. Max 5 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 No relaxation - 6 TOTAL 600 600 - HARDNESS (as Ca C03 mg/lit) 7 IRON (as Fe 0.3 1.0 - ma/lit, Max 8 CHLORIDES(as 250 1000 - Cl mg,'lit Max 9 RESIDUAL 0.2 - To be applicable onlv when FREE water is chlorinated. CHLORINE. Treated at consumer end. mg/lit Max When protection against viral infection is required. it should be Min 0.5 mg/lit 10 DISSOLVTED 500 2000 SOLIDS mgd. 19 Scott Wilson CES IIIE Kamataka State Hi2hIwavs Environment Manazement Plan Improvement Project SI Substance/ Desirable Limit Permissible Remarks No Characteristic Limit Max 11 CALCIUM (as Ca 75 200 ) mg/l ,Max 12 COPPER (as Cu ) 0.05 1.5 mg/1 Max 13 MANGANESE(M 0.1 0.3 n ) mg/l Max 14 SULPHATE (As 200 400 May be extended up to 400 So4 ), Max provided (as Mg )does not exceed 30 15 NITRATE (as 45 100 No3) mg/l, Max 16 FLUORIDE (as F) 1.0 1.5 mg/l, Max 17 PHENOLIC 0.001 0.002 COMPOUNDS (as C6H60H) mg/A Max 18 ARSENIC(as As ( 0.05 No relaxation To be tested when pollution _ ,mg/I is suspected 19 LEAD(as Pb) mg/l 0.05 No relaxation 20 ANIONIC 0.2 1.0 DETERGENTS (as MBAS)mg/l 21 CHROMIUM(as 0.05 1.0 To be tested when pollution Cr) mg/I is suspected 22 MINERAL OIL 0.01 0.03 l X mllmg/I 23 ALKALINITY 200 600 __ mg/l l In addition to above monitoring, proper check should be maintained on the impacts created by the plants and machinery in use for-road construction as also about the prevailing conditions with the campsites. These would include the following objects: * Asphalt Mixing Plant; * Cement Concrete Mixing Plant; * Effluent discharge point of the construction camp For this purpose. the parameters acceptable quality for air, noise-level and water quality shall be as follows: * For air quality: limited to concentration of Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) and Respirable Particulate Matter (RPM) measured over 24-hours; * For noise level: limited to 24-hours of observation and data being presented in dB (leq): and * For water quality: limited to analysis of one sample measuring Total Dissolved solids. Turbidity. Colour, Phenolic compounds. Mineral oil, Alkalinity and Total & Faecal Coliform. Monitoring During Operation Phase shall also be limited to Ambient Air Quality. Ambient Noise level and Water Quality at as many of the earlier monitoring stations used during the construction phase, but excluding the sites of plants and machinery and campsites. but preferably having high traffic volumes. The parameters Nvould be the same as given above: 20 Scott WVilson CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Hiihw avs Environment Manacement Plan Improvement Protect Competent firms in the private sectors can be deployed for recording the measurements on the given components of environment in all phases. The EMPIU shall identify the agency in consultation with the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board. The Consulting Supervisors would be the competent authority to appoint such external agencies and specify to them. in consultation with the EMPIU. the exact locations of the desired observation stations. The EMPIU should also check whether the appointed agencies are indeed carrying out the specific tests over pre-specified dates at specified locations. The data collected through the procedure prescribed above will be stored after adequate indexing within the EMPIU in a manner where retrieval of specific files would be easy. 5. Capacity Development through Training for Environment Management The PWD acknowledges the current lack of sensitivity amongst its staff towards environmental management. Most of its staff-members do not realise how such weakness within a modem world is leading to atrophy of the Department's domain of freedom. The sooner such deficiencies are "mitigated", the easier would it be for the Department to perforrm in road development projects. The EMPIU will initiate implementation of a training programme on road development and environment management. How to organise this training should now be looked into. The proposed structure of the EMPIU as described under Section 3 contains a wing called the Documentation of Monitoring & Training headed by a training manager. This service will also be obtained through a contract with a suitable consultancy firm for an initial period of one year. This term can be considered for extension on satisfactory performance in terms of instilling awareness about environment management within the Public Works Department. The strategy should be to stimulate development of the process of conscious recognition of environmental issues within a clearly defined task-environment. One could initiate this process by exposing a select group of the staff of the Public Works Department formally placed within a task environment, where their accountability for implementing measures for the protection of environment are fully spelled out. Competent performance therein would convince this select group about the utility of moderating the normal work-procedures by internalising sensitive appreciation of the underlying environmental considerations. Such a group of individuals can then be given the charge of active dissemination of the culture of environmental consciousness within the rest of the organisation. This select group is expected to form out of the batches of Assistant Engineers who would be monitoring the physical progress of the project. They would necessarily come in close contact with the Environment Engineers of the EMPIU. The latter group of experts would be supervising the implementation of all the identified mitigation measures in their exact contexts, that is to say, in coordination with the Assistant Engineers. These two interacting groups would then be able to internalize the culture of environment management in road projects. After ascertaining their competent performance. this select group will be entrusted with the task of active dissemination of the culture of environmental consciousness amongst the staff within the rest of the organisation in the context of specific tasks that are normally caried out within the Department. The central idea behind the strategy stated above is that the EMPIU has the potential to play a pro- active role in instilling into the Public Works Department a consciousness about environment in the context of their normal tasks. There is no a priori reason to question this assumption. The supporting task, therefore. should be to explore the manner in which such potentials are helped to develop to the fullest to enable the EMPIU to achieve the ultimate objective with efficiency and effectiveness. No training programme designed by any external agency can be expected to intemalise such a rich contextual experience of the Department. This experience is already internalised by the members of the EMPIU. Herein lies the strength of the suggested strategy. And, this opportunity must not be allowed to get lost at any cost. The Consulting Training Manager will be taking the lead from its very onset. The processes through which the EMPIU would be able to acquire the required competence in playing this leadership role are simple to comprehend. 21 ]Scott Wilson CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highwvavs Environment Manazement Plan Improvement Project In the first instance, each individual member of the EMPIU will be asked to prepare casebooks incorporating the net experience gained while implementing the suggested mitigation measures and how they solved specific problems through effective application of appropriate engineering technique. Each casebook shall be limited to one specific problem that got resolved. The materials required for preparing the casebooks should be available with the Documentation wing. Secondly, the Training Manager shall hold workshops to discuss these specific casebooks at some regular intervals involving some senior members of the PWD and the project Supervisor Engineer. Practice on both counts would raise competence and confidence over a reasonable time. The Training Manager will then try to design and administer training of the staff across the PWD. For organising training on environment across the Public Works Department, the Training Manager will need to meet certain conditions, the nature of which are stated below. 5.1. Task I In the first instance, the Training Manager shall appoint a facilitator to prepare the casebooks. The tasks of this facilitator would be to > Convert the records of the EMPIU on EMP into specific case books for use in training; ' Interpret the processes obtaining within the workshops and suggest corrective actions; ' Identify potential trainers from amongst the participants in the workshops; and > Evaluate the impact of the training programmes run by the EMPIU upon the staff of the PWD at the end of the second year. 5.2. Task II The Training Manager will initiate the preparation of annual programme of training to be run through workshops. In preparing the programme, the following conditions shall be honoured: > The casebooks prepared by the facilitator will be the materials for training other members of the departmental staff in inculcating the culture of environmental sensitivity. > One workshop will not admit analysis of more than three casebooks over a period of four days. ' Workshops will permit trainees to discover alternative solutions of the problem discussed. ' Patient evaluation of the suggested altematives will be done openly, but within the workshop. Such openness will then motivate the trainees to look for alternative solutions in their normal work-situations. > These workshops will be held in every Circle of the Public Works Department, and not exclusively in the Headquarters. This will minimise aggregate loss of time and expenses for any workshop. The staff at each Circle should get at least two workshops in a given financial year. > All Circles shall be covered one by one in this kind of programme in the course in any given year. > The EMPIU shall include some top-level staff of the Department in these workshops to expenence the advantage of openness in assessing the merits of the alternatives suggested by their subordinate staff. This will ultimately motivate the entire hierarchy within the Department to inculcate the culture of tolerance to alternative ideas in environment management. It may be noted that resolution of conflicting views on preferred solutions has now emerged as a major social responsibility in the area of environment management in India. 5.3. Task III The Training Manager will prepare a programme of Special Lectures on environmental issues to be delivered by persons with proven expertise at the national level to deliver those before the staff of the PWD. Some of the themes to be covered under the programme of Special Lectures are suggested below. Other topics can be added to the list, if considered relevant by the PIU for the staff of the Public Works Department. ' Selection of Appropriate Species for Avenue Plantations and Afforestation, . Capacities of Vegetation on Up-take of Toxic Substances from Soil & Water - Functions of Food Chains in Transmission of Toxic Substances - Effects of Eco-tounsm on Ecological Systems 22 Scott Wilson / CES IIIE Karnataka State Highwavs Environment Manaement Plan Improvement Project r Effects of Traffic-induced Pollution on Morbidity > Effects of Noise on Health r Measures Taken by the Automobile Manufacturers to Reduce Auto-emission o Components of Traffic Surveys and their Utility in Road Planning > Comparative Merits of Different Prescnrbed Standards of Carriage-way > Practices on Traffic Control for Reduction of Pollution ' Practices on Controlling Over-loaded Trucks & Hazardous Chemical Carriers > Meaning of Emergency Response to Road Accidents > Legal Instruments for Controlling Growth of Road-side Built-Areas o Management of Quarries & Mines for Pollution Control > Handling Safe Disposal of Road-related Wastes > Stabilising Soil for Construction Purposes > Measures Taken by the Corporate Sector Industries to Manage Environment S National Experience in Mobilising Effective Collaboration of NGOs in Managing Environment 5.4. Task IV Special Lectures shall also be organised to develop awareness about accountability in environment management. Two different contexts of accountability are to be fully explored through these Special Lectures. The themes falling under the two contextual situations have been indicated below: A Legal Compulsions with reference to each pertinent Statute > Rules & Regulations on Submitting Compliance Certificates to the Designated Authorities > Practices of the Pollution Control Board on Renewal of License to Polluting Industries I- Tmplications of Public Interest Litigation on Environmental Issues > Analysis of case history of all important instances of Public Interest Litigation and the import of the related Judicial Recommendations on the issue of accountability. In organising the Special Lectures, the following conditions are to be honoured: The Visiting Lecturers will be required to submit in advance the full text of the proposed lecture together with the supporting exhibits to the PIU. These would be used as training material. - The EMPIU shall have a budget provision to hold at least six such lectures per year. r Each session of the Special Lecture shall cover a full day, keeping the first part for delivery of the lecture and the second part for detailed discussion from the floor. F The Minutes of the discussions shall be recorded and sent to the EMPIU for necessary supplementary actions. , The venue for these Special Lectures shall be the Circle & Divisional Offices of the Public Works Department, and not exclusively in the Headquarters. All these Divisional Offices would be covered by tum. The Officer-in-charge of the given Circle & Divisional Office of the Public Works Department shall be instructed to extend formal invitation to the corresponding offices of the local Zilla Parishad, Department of Forest. Ecology & Environment, State Pollution Control Board, Department of Police, nearby Municipal govemment(s), Department of Town & Country Planning and certainly the Office of the District Magistrate & Deputy Commissioner to nominate two of their staff members to attend these Special Lectures. Such a mix of audience is expected to lay the ground for sustaining closer inter-departmental participation in the matter of environment management. x Copies of the full texts of the Special Lectures shall be sent to all Circle & Divisional Offices with instructions to distribute these amongst the audience of a given lecture and to keep one copy in their respective Reference File to be accessed by its staff later on. At the end of the second year of running the above listed action-programmes. a comprehensive evaluation of its total Impact on the practices of the Public Works Department on environmental issues shall be carned out. This evaluation shall be done by nationally recognised institution(s) as Consultants. The review of the Evaluation Report shall indicate the need for introducing changes in the training schedules. 23 Scott WVilson i CES/ IIIE Kamataka State Highwvays Environment Management Plan Improvement Project 6. Budget for EMP Implementation For implementing the project the major costs are related to * Construction * Environment Management Plan * Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) The budget for construction and RAP components of costs has been separately computed elsewhere by the PCC. However, a number of items of cost for EMP are parts of the construction budget, such as project scheduling, site planning, design implementation, materials, contractor's fees, the fees for Supervisory Consultants, etc. Many of the measures for implementing the EMP are included in the construction cost. Therefore, these items of costs will not be seen as parts of the EMP budget. Only those items not covered under budgets for construction and RAP are to be seen as budget for EMP. These are itemised below, Pre-construction Phase: For the functioning of the EMPIU: 1) Administrative charges & Logistics 2) Contracted Fees of the Consulting Environmental Engineering firm 3) Dissemination of Information 4) Training & Workshop for the personnel of the PWD of the GOK Durine construction Phase: For the functioning of the EMPIU: 1) Fees to the State Forest Department for Avenue Plantation 2) Hiring of specialists as facilitators for preparing training materials 3) Organising Interactions with the Interface Institutions 4) Training & Workshop for the personnel of the PWD of the GOK Durinz Oneration Phase: For the functioning of the EMPIU: 1) Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality, Noise level. Water Quality & Lead Concentration in Soil 2) Organising Interactions with the Interface Institutions 3) Training & Workshop for the personnel of the PWD of the GOK In Table 6, the estimated costs on the above items have been presented. This does not include the current costs of running the PIU. All the cost heads are self-explanatory but it is useful to elaborate the cost involved in the tree plantation programme and subsequent maintenance. The tree plantation programme involves plantation of 200 trees per km on average. A distance of 10 m is being maintained between two trees under the plantation scheme that amounts to 100 trees on either side of the road per kilometre. Adequate land is available for undertaking the plantation of the trees in all the stretches. The cost per tree sapling has been worked out as Rs. 400/- that is inclusive of the cost of tree guards/fences and the maintenance component for the next three years. The money will be made available to the State Forest Department to undertaker the plantation programme with the active involvement of the PIU and the PWD. Healthy three year old saplings will be selected for the purpose of the plantation programme and adequate tree guards in the form of Brushwood fence will be provided. The Forest Department will be carrving out the regular watering and maintenance of the plantations. The above calculations indicate that around 80.000 tree saplings are required. Keeping in mind the failure of around 10% of the saplings to grow and possible availability of extra space in public lands and community lands and the possibility of developing a green belt in the school boundaries, another 20.000 tree saplings have been included in the plantation scheme. Thus. the total number of saplings considered is 1.00,000. Prosopis juliflora (Bellary jali) and Euphorbia iirxicalli (Kalli) plantation will be developed in a uniform manner at a distance of around Im from the trees. The Prosopisjtliqior-a shrubs will involve periodic maintenance in the form of pruning the branches and collection of the same to be utilised as firewood. The project roads traverse through a few stretches wvhere near to the roadside degraded forest land is available strewn with rocks and boulders. The PWD will provide the State Forest Department with funds to plant trees of vanous species and develop the greenery in such areas. A separate budget is 24 Scott Wilson,, CES/ IIIE Karnataka State Highways Environment Management Plan Improvement Project included in the afforestation scheme amounting to Rs. 6,50.000 for 10 hectares. assuming a cost of Rs 65,000 per hectare for the development of forestland in the vicinity of the roads. Table 6: Estimated Budget for EMP Implementation Items of Costs Assumption Rate (Rs) Total Cost Sub-total It I (Rs) s (Rs) j&eneral Items over 5 years Administrative charges 2-vehicles maintenance and fuel; 3,00,000/month 1,80,00,000 including Logistics Data Processing; Secretarial Service; Stationery, etc. Cost of 2 Vehicles 2 Mahindra ArmadaTata Sumo 4,50,000 per Vehicle 9,00,000 Contracted Fees of the Consolidated 50,00,000/yr for three 1,50,00,000 Consulting Environmental years Engineering firm Miscellaneous items ( Approximately 100 Toilets along Rs 25000 for each 25,00,000 Sanitary facilities and with water utility and Drainage installation drainage in roadside facility villages) 3,64,00.000 Pre-construction Phase Dissemnination of Consolidated 1,00,000/yr 5,00,000 11,75,000 Information: TrainingiWorkshop 3 for 3 days in 9 Circle Offices 6,75,000/for the entire 6,75,000 of the PWD period Construction Phase Fees to the State Forest 1,00.000 trees (inclusive of tree 400/- per tree plus 4,07,70,000 Department for Avenue mortality, plantation in 300/- per km for shrubs Plantation comnmunity land and in school, plus 65.000/- per ha of hospital boundaries and afforestation scheme premises) plus 500 shrubs per inclusive of km plus maintenance for 3-years 10 ha plantation under afforestation scheme Organising Interactions 1,00,000/yr 1,00,000/yr 5,00.000 with the Interface Institutions Training 2 for 3 days in 9 Circle Offices 30,000/- per day 81,00,000 of the PWD Workshop 1 for 3 davs at State Level 30.000/- per day 4,50.000 4.98.20.000 Operation Phase Ambient Air Quality Once in each season for four 9000/- per station 10,80,000 Monitorinu seasons in a vear at six stations Noise Monitoring Once in each station twice a year 1500/'-per station 90,000 at six stations for 5 years Water Quality Monitoring Once in each station twice a year 3000/- per station 1,20,000 at four stations for 5 years Lead in soil Once in each station in a year at 600/- per sample 12,000 four stations for 5 years Organising Interactions 1,00,000/- per year 1,00,000/- per year 5,00,000 with the Interface Institutions Special lecture Series on One Day Special Lecture 2.00.000 per lecture 30,00,000 environmental 3 times in a year at PWD head (Inclusive of Experts Management Office remuneration and incidentals) 48.02.000 Grand Total 9.21.97.000 25 Scott Wilson / CESi IIIE Kamataka State Highwavs Environment Management Plan Improvement Project Items of Costs I Assumption Rate (Rs) Total Cost Sub-total (Rs) (Rs) Or say, 9.22 Crores 7. Integration of EMP with the Project on Road Upgrading The EMP is an integral part of the Project and an important component, which is to be implemented simultaneously as the project proceeds. The necessary linkages established with the various project components during the different phases of the project as noted above will have to be executed and supervised for effective and efficient environmental management and timely completion of the project. Tle budgetary allocations for EMP implementation should be a part of the project costs so that the EMP will receive funding and will necessitate proper supervision and monitoring of the various components and training required for developing capacity and expertise within the Department. The EMP has been made specific to the project requirements taking into account the environmental impacts and their respective mitigation measures. Although the conditions in the Bid Documents are specified. the entire document on EMP shall be made a part of the contracts for implementation of the project. The PWD of the GOK has to discharge responsibilities by 1) Making the EMP an integral part of the project in all respect 2) Providing ever vigilant support to the training programme 3) Assisting the EMPIU to liaise with the relevant interface institutions. 26 Scott Wilson. CES/ IIIE APPENDIX- EMP Karmataka State llighlays Environniental Impact Assessmiellt Repor t Inimprovement Prtlject Appenldix-EM l Table 1: ENVIRONNIENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES-DESIGN PHASE Environmental Impact Degree Mitigation Implementing Responsible/ Parameters Attributes Of lmpacts Measure Organisation Collaborating Organisation Alignment Disturbance in rclief fcatures mild '[he improved design Designing Unit- PWD, Contractor whcre aliginment shifts have been adheres to the existing PCC considered for correcting the road alignment as far as geometry and tree felling possible. In stretches where alignment improvements are a must from safety and road geometry aspects, the designs have accounted for minimal impact on the private property and trees. Road shoulders have been reduced in a section of route 4 having large number of avenue trees. (Refer Attachment 1)_I Soil erosion Erosion along high embankment mild Vegetating the Designing Unit- PWD, Contractor stretches embankment slopes with PCC potential native seed mix. Drains on both sides of the road and under pavement drains below the subgrade. (Refer _ Attachment I) _ I S.eoti wilson / (W IFS fIll. Karnataka State I lighways Environmental Impact Assessment Report ImprovQ'eineft Ploject Appcndix-EM1P Einvironiiental Impact Degree Nlitigation Implementing Responsible/ I'arameters Attribtites Of Impacts Measure Organisation Collaborating Organisation Inundation Flooding and inundation in mild Checking adequacy of Designing Unit- PWD, Contractor eastern Karnataka area existing Cross drainage PCC structures, designing and placing new structures in inundation prone areas to accommodate high discharge, raising of road level in stretches traversing through regions having high ground water level. .___________ (Refer Attachment 111) Safcty and accident Safety aspects in urban moderate Improvement of Designing Unit- I'WD, Contractor hazard settlements, intersections and junctions, provision of PCC large rural settlements adequate road signage and furniture, bus bays and shelters and parking facility in urban areas. (Refer Attachment IV &V) 2 Se:out Wilsoll I v[Fs/ 1111F Kamatala Stale IHlighways Environmcntal fmlipact Assessmeicnit Repoit IrllprovtnQc1lit Ploct. Appendix-EN1l' Table 2: PRE-CONSTRUCTION PtlASE ACTIVITY Activity Implementing Monitoring Organisation Organisation Scheduling of Contractor PWD Works Land Land Revenue Deputy Commissioner Acquisition Department and PWD Resettlement & Land Revenue Deputy Commissioner Rehabilitation Department, NGOs, and PWD .________ CBOs Clcarance for Forest Department PWD & Forest Dept. TFree felling New Quarry and Department of Mines Department of Mines and Borrow pits and Geology, GoK Geology, GoK & PWD Traffic State Police PWD management DepArtment _ 3 Scott Wilsoi / MES E / 11 Karn.alaka State lighways Environmiental Impact Assessment Rcpoit Inipiovement l'Project Appenidix-EMI' Table 3: ENVIRONNIENTAI, INIPACTS AND MITIGATION NIEASURES: CONSTRUJCTION PHASE Environcnital Impact Degree M itigation Implementing Contract Responisible/ I'arameters Attributes Of Impacts Nieasure Organisation Clause In Bid Collaboratinig Document Or anisation I'hysiography Disturbance in Mild Cut sections to be restored and Contractor Specification PWI) relief features turfing to be undertaken in the Section A, raised embankment areas General Specification Al (b) (icology Disturbance in Mild Collection of Road building Contractor Specification PWD, Department of geological set materials from identified and Section A, Mines and Geology, up due to licensed quarries. New quarries General Land owner quarrying and to be prospected with proper Specification opening of approval from Department of Al(c) borrow pits Mines and Geology. Drainage Major bridges, Moderate Existing Drainage structures will Contractor Specification PWD Minor bridges be augmented and new ones Section A, and culverts are constructed to accomodate high General cross drainage discharge Specification structure in the AI(g) and (h) roads Flood/Inundat ion Flooding and Mild As rcquircd additional nccessary Contractor Spccification l'WI) inundation in drainage arrangements to be Section A, eastern provided in tune with the site General Kamataka area conditions. Specification A4i S(h) 4 Scolt Wilsoll / UFIS / 11F Karnataka State Ilighways Environmental hiipact Assessnient Rcport lImp oveenierit Project Appendix-EMI' Environmental Impact Degrce Nlitigation Implementing Contract Responsible/ P'arameters Attributes Ol' Impacts Nleasure Organisation Clause In Bid Collaborating Document Organisation Soil soil erosion Mild Embankment stabilisation Contractor Specification PWD particularly through selection of less erodible Section A, along high material, placement of gabbions, General cmbanikilment rip raps and stone pitching as pcr Specification stretches the requirement A 1 (d) Vegetating the embankment Contractor Specification PWD slopes with potential native seed Section A, nmix General Specification .___________ ___________ AI(b) and (d) __- Loss of Mild Arable land plots will not be used Contractor Specification PWD agricLiltural top as borrow pits Section A, soil General Specification Surface Water Interruption of Moderate Earth, stone and site debris will Contractor Specification PWD water flow be properly disposed of so as not Section A, to block the rivers, canals and General streams Specification ____________ _____________________ _ A I (g) and (h) Air Quality Short term Moderate Asphalt and hot mix plant to be Contractor Specification PWD deterioration of located away from inhabited Section A, air quality duc areas. General to generation of' Specif'ication fugitive dust A I (i) 5 Scott Wil-n / *CrS / 1IlJ. KanautLka Staite Highways Envirollmelital Impact Assessment Rcport 111pI nV c mC nt PrlOject Appelldix-EMI' Environmental Impact D)egree Mitigation Implementing Contract Responsible/ Parameters Attributes Of lmpacts Aleasure Organisation Clause In Bid Collaborating Document Organisationt Trucks carrying soil, sand and Contractor Specification PWD stone will be covered to avoid Section A, spilling. General Specification ._ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ A I(i) Fugitive dust sources will be Contractor Specification PWD water sprayed to suppress dust. Section A, CGeneral Specification AlI(i) Aiir Quality Emission from vehicles will be Contractor Specification PWD checked regularly and maintained Section A, so that emissions are within General limits. Specification Al(i) Noise Pollution Increase in Mild All equipment to be maintained Contractor Specification PWD) noise level due in good condition Section A, to project General activities Specification Stationary equipment to be Contractor Specification PWD located away from dense Section A, habitation General Specification Construction work to be Contractor Specification PWD scheduled in day time only Section A, General Specification 6 Scott Wilson / CTS / tiIE Kainataka Stite Hlighiways Environmental Impact Assessimenit Report Ilmpro%eimciit Project Appendix-EMIP Environinental Impact Degree Mlitigation Implementing Contract Responsible/ Parameters Attributes Of Impacts NMeasure Organisation Clause In Bid Collaborating Document Organisation provision for protection devices Contractor Specification PWD like ear plugs to construction Section A, workers General Specification 13iological resources Flora Loss of Mild Work force to be provided with Contractor Specification I'WD/Forest Dept. vcgetation lor adequate lucl wood and kerosene Section A, developing so as to prevent felling of plants General quarry sites and Specification borrow pits, A1(i) felling of trees for fuel by workforce Flora Regeneration of vegetation at Contractor PWD/Forest Dept. quarry sites and borrow pits Fauna Disturbance to Negligible Re-vegetation on embankment Contractor, PWD and State PWD/Forest Dept. wildlife and slope by contractor and avenue Forest department otlher sensitive plantation by the PWD and State speciCs F orest Department. [,and use Marginal land Moderate Information dissemination and PWD, Land Revenue PWD acquisition may community consultation Department, GOK in be there consultation with affected people Arrangement of compensation PWD, Land Revenue PWD package for PAP based on R& R Department, GOK in plan consultation with affected 7 Scoff Wilson / (CES / 1111. Karnataka State llighlways Environmental Impact Assessment Report Improvement Project Appendix-EMI) Environmental Impact Degree Mlitigation Implementing Contract Responsible/ Parameters Attributes Of Impacts Nleasure Organisation Clause In Bid Collaborating Document Organisation people Sliilting of al'l'ecled persons PW[), LIand Revenue I'WI) beorc construction Department, GOK in consultation with affected _____________________________ people Conistruction workers' Impact on Mild Sufficient drainage, Sanitation Contractor PWD camps workers' health and waste disposal system to be maintained at al construction sites to avoid water stagnation and spreading of vector borne diseases Accident hazard and Short term Mild Proper traffic diversion and Contractor PWD sal'ety impacts from management during construction road accidents Proper warning signs will be used Contractor at construction sites Utility services and Shifting of Moderate Shrines and makeshift temples PWD, KPTCL, Telecom Specification PWD, Karnataka [lower Religious places Roadside will be shifted / accommodated dept., Zilla Parishad, Gram Section B, Transmission shrines and as far as possible Panchayats and local General Corporation ltd., utility lines communities Specification, Telecommunication Section 201.2 o department MOST Ispecification 8 Scott Wilson / CFS / IIIE Karnataka State ifighxways Environmental himpact Assessment Report Improvement Project Appendix-EIMP Table 4: ENVIRONMENTAI, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES - OPERATION PHASE Environmental Impact Degree Mitigation Implementing Responsible/ I'arameters Attributes Of Impacts Nleasure Organisation Collaborating Organisation SUrflace Water Contamination Mild Contingency plans will be PWD IPWD/KSPCB from oil spills due developed for cleanup of oil to tiaflic spills, fuel and toxic movement and chemicals accidents Contamination Negligible proper maintenance of PWD PWD/KSPCB from road surface drainage system run off Air Quality Air Pollution Moderate vegetative screens in two Forest Dept., NGOs, PWD/State Forest Dept. resulting from tier plantation CBOs increased traffic volume Control of vehicular Motor Vehicles emissions through law department enforcement Truck parking lay-byes to PWD PWD be provided in suitable areas/urban areas Regular monitoring PWD PWD/KSPCB particularly at urban areas Noise pollution Increased noise Mild Roadside plantation at PWD PWD levels due to inhabited areas as noise increase in traffic barrier Posting of signs prohibiting PWD PWD the use of homs at sensitive locations 9 Scott Wilson / CFS /III1. Karnataka State Klighways Environmental Impact Assessmenit Report Improvemilenit Project Appendix-EMP ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT DEGREE MITIGATION IMPLEMENTING RESPONSIBLE/ PARAMETERS ATTRIBUTES OF MEASURE ORGANISATION COLLABORATING IMPACTS ORGANISATION Accident hazard and safety aspects due Moderate Improvement of road PWD, State Police and PWD, State Police and Traffic safety to increase in intersection. Provision of Traffic Department Department traffMc volume Bus Bays. Refer ._____________ (Attachment IV and V) Parking lay-by _ Provision of elaborate system of sign boards and traffic and road markings along the whole stretch of the highways Provision of suitable lighting arrangement at required locations Development and Enforcement of Emergency Response and contingency plan for accidents 10 Scott Wilcon / ('FS / tIIE
Группа Всемирного банка · Environmental Assessment
India - Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 13) : Environmental assessment plan
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