Philippines - Manila Second Sewerage Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 4 of 27) : Initial Environmental Examination of Project no. 2 : Tejeros Bliss, Makati City

Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Manila Water Company, Inc. E94 Volume 4 Initial Environmental Examination of the Community Sanitation Project Manila Second Sewerage Project IBRD 4019 Project No. 2 Tejeros Bagong Lipunan Sites and Services (BLISS) Makati City, Philippines Prepared by: Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Rd, Balara, Quezon City December 2001 FILE COPY  TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Executive Summary 7 1 .0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 12 1.1 BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION 12 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 12 1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE 14 1.4DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 16 1.4.1 Pre-Operational/Construction Phase 16 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan 16 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Development Block 16 1.4.1.3 Estimate Total Area to be opened for Civil Works 16 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities 16 1.4.1.5 Types of Equipment to be Used 19 1.4.1.6 Source of Construction Materials and Facilities 19 1.4.1.7 Support Services and Facilities Requirements and Availability 20 1.4.1.8 Estimate of Total Cut Soil Volume 20 1.4.1.9 Total Manpower Requirement 20 1.4.2 Operational Phase 20 1.4.2.1 Project Operation Schedule and Duration 20 1.4.2.2 Process Technology and Activities 21 1.4.2.3 Waste Production Scheme 22 1.4.2.4 Manpower Requirement 24 1.4.3 Abandonment Phase 24 2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 24 2.1 STUDY METHODOLOGY 24 2.2LAND 24 2.2.1 Land Resource Utilization 24 2  2.2.2 Physiography and Geology 25 2.2.3 Vegetation and Wildlife 25 2.2.4 Land Acquisition Assessment 25 2.3WATER 27 2.3.1 Inventory of Water Bodies 27 2.3.2 Water Quality (Surface/Ground) 27 2.4AIR 28 2.5 PEOPLE 28 2.5.1 Population/Beneficiary 28 2.5.2 Project Affected Persons 28 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 28 4.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 29 4.1 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION 29 4.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase 30 4.1.2 Impact During Operation Phase 31 4.2 IMPACT PREDICTION AND EVALUATION 33 4.3 UNAVOIDABLE AND RESIDUAL IMPACTS 34 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 34 5.1 IMPACTS MITIGATION / ENHANCEMENT PLAN 34 5.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTION PLAN 39 6.0 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION PROCESS' 40 3  LIST OF FIGURES I Location Map of Tejeros BLISS 13 2 Existing Sewer Networkl Layout 15 3 Proposed Implementation Schedule 17 Proposed Sewer Collection Layout and STP 18 Location 5 General Treatment Process Scheme 23 6 Photographs of STP site 26 4  LIST OF TABLES 1 Typical Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality 14 2 Estimates of Soil Excavation Volumes 20 3 Influent Flow Characteristics 21 4 DENR Effluent Parameters for Class C Waters 21 5 Sources and List of Potential Environmental 29 Impacts 6 Typical Noise Emissions of Construction 31 Equipinent at Various Distances from Source in dB(A) 7 Sludge Production of Various Wastewater 32 Treatment Processes 8 Summary of Assessment of Environmental Issues 33 / Impacts 9 Environmental Management Plan 34 10 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan 39 11 1 InstituLional rvlonitoring 40 5  LIST OF ANNEXES i Manila Water Company's Safety Task Analysis Risk Reduction Talk(STARRT) Card for Monitoring Construction Works 2 Wastewater Quality Monitoring Schedule 3 Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2000-10- 04-0220-119 4 Manila Water PCO Report Format 5 Sample Monitoring Sheet for Effluent Quality 6 Endorsement from the Mayor of Makati City 7 Endorsement from the Barangay Captain 8 Endorsement from the Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC) 9 Board Resolution by the Homeowners Association 10 Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) among HGC, MWCI and the Homeowners' Association in Tejeros BLISS  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed project for Tejeros BLISS is one of twenty three (23) sub-projects of the Community Sanitation Project Phase I, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted Mlanila Second Sewerage Project (MSSP). The project is intended to reduce the :urrent wastewater pollution discharged to the Pasig River by the two hundred and twenty-four (224) residential units and commercial establishments within the Tejeros BLISS compound. The project involves the improvement and reha_ ilitation of the sewerage system in the compound. Specifically, the project i,2cludes the construction of sewer lines to intercept sewage flows from existinc communal septic tanks as well as raw wastewater flows from buildings v. 4hout septic tanks. An underground- centralized sewage treatment plant (STP) will be constructed to treat the wastewater flows. Approvals for the project were obtained through a consultation process with the Homeowners' Association. Endorsement letters from the Mayor of Makati and the Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC) were obtained to facilitate the process. Finally, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) among HGC, Manila Water Company and the Homeowners' Associations in Tejeros BLISS was executed. In conformity with the requirements of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2000-10-04-0220-120 issued pursuant to P.D. 1586 was secured for the project. 1. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS The Tejeros BLISS is a government settlement housing project that provides homes for the less fortunate residinc within the area. The housing project is situated in the northwest portion of Makati City in Metro Manila. It is located along H. Santos St., Barangay Tejeros. Bordering the compound is the Estero Matungao Creek on the northeast. The Tejeros BLISS compound has a total land area of 17,564 m2, 21.08% of which are residential areas and the rest are parking spaces, playgrounds and common areas. Floral population within the compound constitutes ornamental plants and a few trees, which were planted by the residents. Faunal population is limited to domestic animals. The area is characterized by a relatively even distribution of precipitation during the year. Like in most parts of Metro Manila, the community has two distinct seasons: the dry season during the months of November to May and the wet season during the months of June to October. 7  Existing Sewerage System The sewerage system in the Tejeros BLISS consists of.Cast Iron Pipe sewer network laid during the developmenit of the area. The sewer network was designed so that wastewater flows will be directed to seven (7) communal septic tanks. Effluent from the 7 communal septic tanks finds its way to the storm drainage lines or to the bordering creek leading to Pasig River. At present, Pasig River does not meet the Class C standards (i.e., suitable for propagation and growth of fishes, recreational uses and industrial water supply) especially during the summer months when there are no sufficient inflows. At these times, the BOD in Pasig River reaches 120 mg/L, which is 12 times higher than the permitted level for Class C water; DO drops to zero; and total coliforms exceed the MPN/100 ml standard by up to several thousand degrees. At present, the sewerage system of Tejeros BLISS serving a population of 1,568 is not maintained. Some of the sewer manholes cannot be accessed. Most of the sewer lines are clogged and 1 communal septic tank has been rendered inaccessible. Moreover, the units located in the ground level frequently experience back-up flows in their toilets due to the overflowing of the septic tanks. This situation prompted many ground-floor unit owners to create bypass lines to discharge directly to the drainage lines or to the creek. II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING MEASURES Potential Environmental Mitigating Measures Impact CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Poor quality of . Manila Water Company will monitor the supply and installation ! construction contract to assure quality of equipment and construction. Site Managers and Engineers with experience in construction management shall approve all materials and equipment to be used and installed at the site. . The contractor will be required to post a performance bond for the Design and Construction Contract of the sewerage system. 8  2. Air pollution * Efficient construction planining and work scheduling (suspended particulates, * Formulation of appropriate work plans, work scheduling, work odor and fumes, vehicle specifications and work methodologies emissions eg. CO2, CO * Provision of properly maintained storage area for keeping stocks of NOJ) construction materials and equipment * Prompt and fast removal of excavated materials or dredges spoils from construction site * Sprinkling of water on dust-generating mounds resulting from earthmoving activities and civil works. * Control of motor vehicle emissions * Dust accumulation will also be prevented through proper washing of the vehicles prior to its departure from the site * Development and enforcement of strict health and safety pollution control regulations specific for the project site - Good housekeeping of workplace and construction affected areas - Use of Protective Gear by all workers 3. Water pollution due to * Provide temporary drain systems and storage facilities for wastewater, oil excavation soils, fuel and oils needed for equipment leakage/spills * Cautious and sensible planning for construction and post- construction phases of the project * Formulation of chemical and oil spill clean-up plan * Formulation of a monitoring program 4. Noise pollution from * Establish temporary sound barriers around the work site operation of construction * Proper scheduling and phasing of high-noise activities equipment * Use of appropriate mufflers and sound proofing for construction machinery, equipment and engines * Use of Personnel Protective Equipment by all workers 5. Temporary disruption of * Public information campaign posting schedule of construction traffic flow within the . Provision of a liaison officer from the residents of the compound to compound assist the information dissemination regarding inevitable changes in the schedule of vehicular operations . Provision of temporary alternative routes, including visible traffic warning signals . To the extent possible, sewer lines, manholes and lift station will be constructed in common areas not used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic * Scheduling of delivery materials and removal of excavated material during non-rush hour periods. OPERATIONAL PHASE 1.Environmental hazards * Carefully designed post-construction maintenance, contingency due to accidents, man- and monitoring programs made natural disasters . Well designed plan for detection of accident or natural events eg. accidental spills, fire, including precautionary and remedial measures to be observed seismic activity, * Provision of preventive and remedial procedural manuals at earthquakes, heavy workplace rain/flooding and design . Adequate plans for environmental rehabilitation and restoration of failure site and removal of temporary structures and facilities installed during construction phase 9  2. Water Pollution (effluent . Wastewater discharged by the STP shall conform with the Effluent discharge) Standards set forth in DENR Administrative Order 34 and 35 for Class C waters . Regular monitoring of wastewater effluent by the Manila Water Company Central Laboratory . Regular check on sewer lines to. prevent discharge/seepage of untreated wastewater to the environment . Quality of civil work on the STP facility shall be enforced during construction to avoid seepage 3. Noise Pollution (STP . Use of appropriate mounting for machinery to minimize vibration equipment, lift station) . All mechanical/electrical equipment shall be installed inside enclosures . Motors shall be provided with soundproofing devices . Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate tree species 4. Solid Waste . Solid waste generated within the STP facility will be minimal but (generated within the facility provision will be made for garbage collection and by the facility) . Disposal of sludge generated will be in accordance with established procedures of relevant authorities (disposal of sludge for use as soil conditioner) . Provision of odor control mechanisms (deodorizer/adsorbent/masking agent) to prevent malodorous emissions) 5. Odors (organic and sulfur . Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate compounds coming from tree species raw wastewater and during . Provision of landscape which will improve the aesthetic of the area desludging of septic tanks) by planting green strips using appropriate plant or tree species 6, Maintenance and . Regular asset condition monitoring by Manila Water Company Operation of the System personnel . Poor maintenance of . Regular maintenance works for STP equipment (pumps and mechanical equipment motors), sewer network and septic tanks (pumps and motors) * Adequate training of STP operators . Connections . A liaison officer from the Community will assist the STP operator in assuring the facility's efficiency in operation . Provision of adequate maintenance equipment and spares for the sewerage system facility 10  111. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitorinc v., be the responsibility of Manila Water Company. Construction Phase Compliance with Manila * At STP site and its * On-the-spot daily inspection Water Company health and perimeter and monitoring will be safety policies (dust * Pipe laying area implemented by the Health emissions, good * Equipment and materials and Safety Dept. of Manila housekeeping, noise, odors) storage area Water Company using the STARRT Card (Annex 1) Traffic . Ingress and egress to * Daily the construction site Operational Phase Effluent Water Quality . Influent . Annex 2 describes in detail for parameters like pH, 5-dat . Effluent/Discharge Point the schedule of wastewater BOD, COD, Total coliform. quality monitoring. suspended solids, and oil anc grease. . Daily * STP site and perimeter Odor . Weekly * At STP site Sludge * Sewer network accumulation/C logging Se rntwk * Communal septic tanks  1.0 PROJECr DESCRIPTION 1.1 Basic Project information Name of Project TEJFROS BLISS COMMUNITY SANITATION PROJECT MANILA SECOND SEWERAGE PROJECT Address Tejeros Bagong Lipunan Site and Services, H. Santos Street, Barangay Tejeros, Makati City, Philippines Contact Persons Leonor C. Cleofas Manager, Engineering and Project Management Office Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Ground Floor, Engineering Building, MWSS Complex, Katipunan Road, Balara, Quezon City 1105 Tel No. (632) 920-5413; (632) 920-5521 to 40 locals 3570/3569 Telefax: (632) 922-2568 Ma. Fiorella De Los Reyes-Fabella Wastewater Project Development Manager Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Road, 1105 Balara, Quezon City, Philippines Tel No. (632)981-8147; (632)926-7999 loc2032 Fax (632) 981-8106 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION The proposed project for Tejeros BLISS is a sub-project of the Community Sanitation Project, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted MSSP. The service area is the entire Tejeros BLISS, which includes seven (7) residential buildings, one (1) commercial building, and the abandoned Community Health Center. The project site is in H. Santos Street, Makati City, which is easily accessible from either the J.P. Rizal Avenue or Pasong Tamo Avenue. Bordering the compound is the Estero Matungao Creek on the northeast and A. Reyes Avenue, near Sta. Ana Race Track, on the southeast. Figure 1 presents the location map of the project. 12  Figure 1 Location Map of Tejeros BLISS 13  1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE In Metro Manila, untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater is the major source of pollution of inland waters. Most residential houses in Metro Manila treat their wastewater by means of septic tanks, which do not provide adequate treatment to satisfy the DENR requirements for wastewater effluent standards. Moreover, majority of septic tanks in Metro Manila is not properly maintained. This situation has led to the deterioration of the Pasig River and other inland waters. The DENR has estimated that around 60% of the pollution load to Pasig River comes from domestic discharges. There is therefore an urgent need to establish collection and treatment methods that will help reduce the pollution load to inland waters. The provision of an efficient and cost-effective sewage collection, treatment and disposal is the primary objective of the Community Sanitation Project under the MSSP. This project specifically aims to address the problems of inadequate wastewater treatment and disposal in Tejeros BLISS. In Tejeros BLISS, the 7 communal septic tanks are overflowing and some buildings discharge raw wastewater to the creek. Table I shows a typical analysis of the effluent quality discharged by septic tanks. Figure 2 shows the existing sewer network in Tejeros BLISS. The project will help reduce public health risks and environmental pollution from untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater by providing a sustainable sanitation and sewerage facility. It will also serve as a good illustration of proper sanitation especially to the neighboring communities nearby. Table 1 Typical Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality _ ~ ~~~~~~~ _ PH 6.5-9 7.3(c27.90C Suspended solids, mglL 70 90-120 Dissolved Oxygen, mg/L 0.00 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 50 150-250 (BOD5,), mgIL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Chemical Oxygen Demand, mg/L 100 200-300 Total Coliform Count, MPNIIOO ml 10,000 106_ 07 Fecal Coliform Count, MPN/100 nil 106_107 14  Figure 2 Existing Sewer Collection System in Tejeros BLISS Manila Water cB cB H. SANTOS ST. BRIDG. BL HGBLOC. -No. D. BLDG. No. 5 U UN____________s t |-LLDG. No. 43 LOG. ~ ~ STS No 6 t19 |a rog 15  1.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 1.4.1 Pre-Operational / Construction Phases 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan The project is scheduled for bidding in December 2001. Construction is expected to commence in March 2002 and project completion is targeted on August 2002 (180 calendar days). Figure 3 shows the implementation schedule for the project. Manila Water Company will undertake the project implementation. 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Developmient Block The service area is approximately 17,564 m2 and is estimated to have a current population of 1,568. The project will serve all residential and commercial establishments within Tejeros BLISS. Any increase in population is not considered because there is no further planned development within the compound that would significantly affect the quality and/or quantity of wastewater discharges. 1.4.1.3 Estimate of Total Land Area to be Opened for Civil Works Civil Works will include the STP construction and the laying of sewer lines to connect existing communal septic tanks and buildings without septic tanks to the STP. The STP will be located underground in an 85 square-meter lot. Sewer lines totaling 296 meters will be opened for civil works. Figure 4 shows the sewer network layout plan and the STP location for the project. 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities The complete sewerage system will include the following components: * Collection sewers (diameter=150 mm) with a total estimated length of 296 meters to connect the 7 communal septic tanks and buildings without septic tanks to the STP * Twenty (1 5) sewer manholes and thirteen (13) sewer junction boxes with depth less than 1.5 meters. * Underground STP with a design capacity of 282 m3/day and land requirement of 85 m2 * Sewer line (diameter=150 mm) with a total estimated length of 5 meters from STP discharge point to existing storm drainage 16  Figure.3 Proposed Implementation Schedule for the TEJEROS BLISS Community Sanitation Project VVeek No. 1 2 3 * 4 5_ 6 7 8 _9 10 11 12 13 14 1_1 7 18 19 20 21 22 PermitS and - Clearances - Layout and Stakin~ _ _ _ .. - Order Equipment : .4 4 Temporary Field Office - -- - 141 ~ u- Excavation for Main Reactor - Formwork, Steelwork. Pouring ~- Form Removal and Curing