Philippines - Manila Second Sewerage Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 3 of 27) : Initial Environmental Examination of Project no. 1 : Guadalupe Bagong Lipunan sites and services (BLISS)

Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Manila Water Company, Inc. E94 Volume 3 Initial Environmental Examination of the Community Sanitation Project Manila Second Sewerage Project IBRD 4019 Project No. 1 Guadalupe Bagong Lipunan Sites and Services (BLISS) Makati City, Philippines Prepared by: Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Rd, Balara, Quezon City December 2001  TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Executive Summary 7 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION 12 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 12 1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE 12 1.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 16 1.4.1 Pre-Operational/Construction Phase 16 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan 16 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Development Block 16 1.4.1.3 Estimate Total Area to be Opened for Civil Works 18 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities 18 1.4.1.5 Types of Equipment to be Used 20 1.4.1.6 Source of Construction Materials and Facilities 20 1.4.1.7 Support Services and Facilities Requirements and Availability 20 1.4.1.8 Estimate of Total Cut Soil Volume 20 1.4.1.9 Total Manpower Requirement 21 1.4.2 Operational Phase 21 1.4.2.1 Project Operation Schedule and Duration 21 1.4.2.2 Process Technology and Activities 21 1.4.2.3 Waste Production Scheme 23 1.4.2.4 Manpower Requirement 23 1.4.3 Abandonment Phase 25 2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 25 2.1 STUDY METHODOLOGY 25 2.2 LAND 25 2  2.2.1 Land Resource Utilization 25 2.2.2 Physiography and Geology 25 2.2.3 Vegetation and Wildlife 26 2.2.4 Land Acquisition Assessment 26 2.3 WATER 26 2.3.1 Inventory of Water Bodies 26 2.3.2 Water Quality (Surface/Ground) 28 2.4 AIR 2.5 PEOPLE 30 2.5.1 Population/Beneficiary 2.5.2 Project Affected Persons 30 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 30 4.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 31 4.1 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION 31 4.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase 32 4.1.2 Impact During Operation Phase 33 4.2 IMPACT PREDICTION AND EVALUATION 36 4.3 UNAVOIDABLE AND RESIDUAL IMPACTS 37 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 37 5.1 IMPACTS MITIGATION / ENHANCEMENT PLAN 37 5.2ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTION PLAN 42 6.0 COMMUNITY CONSULTATION PROCESS' 44 3  LIST OF FIGURES 1 Location Map of Guadalupe BLISS 13 2 Existing Sewer Network Layout 15 3 Proposed Implementation Schedule 1 7 4 Proposed Sewer Collection Layout and STP 19 Location 5 General Treatment Process Scheme 24 6 Photograph of STP site 27 7 Photograph of Drainage Outfall from 29 Guadalupe BLISS to Pasig River 4  LIST OF TABLES 1 Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality from 14 Guadalupe BLISS 2 Major Divisions in Guadalupe BLISS 16 3 Estimates of Soil Excavation Volumes 21 4 Influent Flow Characteristics 22 5 DENR Effluent Parameters for Class C Waters 22 6 Sources and List of Potential Environmental 31 Impacts 7 Typical Noise Emissions of Construction 33 Equipment at Various Distances from Source in dB(A) 8 Sludge Production of Various Wastewater 34 Treatment Processes 9 Summary of Assessment of Environmental Issues 36 / Impacts 10 Environmental Management Plan 38 11 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan 43 12 Institutional Monitoring 44 5  LIST OF ANNEXES I Manila Water Company STARRT Card for Monitoring Construction Works 2 Wastewater Quality Monitoring Schedule 3 Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2000-10- 04-0217-120 4 Manila Water PCO Report Format 5 Sample Monitoring Sheet for Effluent Quality 6 Endorsement from the Mayor of Makati City 7 Endorsement from the Barangay Captain 8 Endorsement from the Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC) 9 Letters of Agreement by individual unit dwellers 10 Endorsement by Homeowners Association leaders 11 Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) among HGC, Manila Water Company and the individual Associations in Guadalupe BLISS 6  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed project for Guadalupe BLISS is one of twenty three (23) sub- projects of the Community Sanitation Project Phase I, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted Manila Second Sewerage Project (MSSP). The project is intended to reduce the current wastewater pollution discharged to the Pasig River by the seven hundred and sixty (760) residential units and two (2) commercial establishments within the Guadalupe BLISS compound. The project involves the improvement and rehabilitation of the sewerage system in the compound. Specifically, the project includes the construction of sewer lines to intercept sewage flows from existing communal septic tanks as well as raw wastewater flows from buildings without septic tanks. An underground centralized sewage treatment plant (STP) will be constructed to treat the wastewater flows. Approvals for the project were obtained through a community consultation process. Endorsement letters from the Mayor of Makati and the Home Guaranty Corporation (HGC) were obtained to facilitate the process. Finally, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) among HGC, Manila Water Company and the individual Homeowners' Associations in Guadalupe BLISS was executed. In conformity with the requirements of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) NCR-2000-10-04-0217-120 issued pursuant to P.D. 1586 was secured for the project. I. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Guadalupe BLISS is a government settlement housing project implemented in the 1980s to provide homes for public officials and the less fortunate. The housing project is situated in the northern portion of Makati City in Metro Manila. It is located adjacent to Pasig River, along J.P. Rizal Avenue, Barangay Cembo. Bordering the compound is an informal settlement in the west and individual residential units in the south and east. The Guadalupe BLISS compound has a total land area of 5.6 hectares, 18% of which are residential areas and the rest are parking spaces, playgrounds and common areas. Five residential buildings were abandoned due to the political turnaround of the Philippines during the mid-eighties. With a population estimated at 5,320, the housing compound is grouped as follows: 7  Major Divisions in Guadalupe BLISS No. of Buildings * 10 3 3 7** 7 34*** No. of Units 312 48 140 140 140 760 *Four-story walk-up residential buildings constructed in different designs for each Phase **-Five (5) buildings abandoned -Informal settlers are currently occupying one building -One building was renovated and is now being occupied by government employees **Excludes 8 community facilities such as a chapel, livelihood centers, multi-purpose hall and two (2) commercial establishments Floral population within the compound constitutes ornamental plants and a few trees which were planted by the residents. Faunal population is limited to household pets and stray animals. The area is characterized by a relatively even distribution of precipitation during the year. Like in most parts of Metro Manila, the community has two distinct seasons: the dry season during the months of November to May and the wet season during the months of June to October. Existing Sewerage System The sewerage system in the Guadalupe BLISS consists of Cast Iron Pipe sewer network laid during the development of the area, except for Phase IV. The sewer network was designed so that wastewater flows will be directed to five (5) communal septic tanks. However, due to the political turnaround during the development, only four (4) communal septic tanks (one each for Phases 1 and 2, and two for Phase 3) were completed. A sewer network was later laid in Phase IV and Guadalupe Mansions, however, a communal septic tank was not constructed. Thus, among the 120 units of the 6 buildings in Guadalupe Mansions, 20 units have their own septic tanks and the remaining residents are connected to the sewer network and discharge raw wastewater to Pasig River. Effluent from the 4 communal septic tanks finds its way to the storm drainage lines and is eventually discharged to Pasig River. At present, Pasig River does not meet the Class C standards (i.e., suitable for propagation and growth of fishes, recreational uses and industrial water supply) especially during the summer months when there are no sufficient inflows. At these times, the BOD in Pasig River reaches 120 mg/L, which is 12 times higher than the permitted level for Class C water; DO drops to zero; and total coliforms exceed the MPN/100 ml standard by up to several thousand degrees. At present, the sewerage system of Guadalupe BLISS serving a population of 5,320 is not maintained. Some of the sewer manholes are buried and can be hardly located. Most of the sewer lines are clogged and all 4 communal septic 8  tanks are overflowing. As a result, the units located in the ground level frequently experience back-up flows in their toilets. This situation prompted many ground-floor unit owners to create bypass lines to discharge directly to the drainage lines. II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING MEASURES Potential Mitigating Measures Environmental Impact CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Poor quality of . Manila Water Company will monitor the supply and installation construction contract to assure quality of equipment and construction. Site Managers and Engineers with experience in construction management shall approve all materials and equipment to be used and installed at the site. . The contractor will be required to post a performance bond for the Design and Construction Contract of mie sewerage system. 2. Air pollution . Efficient construction planning and woak scheduling (suspended particulates, . Formulation of appropriate work pans, work scheduling, work odor and fumes, vehicle specifications and work methodologies emissions eg. CO2, CO . Provision of properly maintained storage area for keeping stocks of NO,) construction materials and equipmen. . Prompt and fast removal of excavated materials or dredges spoils from construction site * Sprinkling of water on dust-generating mounds resulting from earthmoving activities and civil works. . Control of motor vehicle emissions . Dust accumulation will also be prevented through proper washing of the vehicles prior to its departure from the site . Development and enforcement of strict health and safety pollution control regulations specific for the project site - Good housekeeping of workplace and construction affected areas - Use of Protective Gear by all workers 3. Water pollution due to . Provide temporary drain systems and storage facilities for wastewater, oil excavation soils, fuel and oils needed for equipment leakage/spills . Cautious and sensible planning for construction and post- construction phases of the project . Formulation of chemical and oil spill clean-up plan . Formulation of a monitoring program 4. Noise pollution from . Establish temporary sound barriers around the work site operation of construction . Proper scheduling and phasing of high-noise activities equipment . Use of appropriate mufflers and sound proofing for construction machinery, equipment and engines . Use of Personnel Protective Equipment by all workers 9  5. Temporary disruption of . Public information campaign posting schedule of construction traffic flow within the . Provision of a liaison officer from the residents of the compound to compound assist the information dissemination regarding inevitable changes in the schedule of vehicular operations . Provision of temporary alternative routes, including visible traffic warning signals * To the extent possible, sewer lines, manholes and lift station will be constructed in common areas not used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic * Scheduling of delivery materials and removal of excavated material during non-rush hour periods. OPERATIONAL PHASE 1.Environmental hazards . Carefully designed post-construction maintenance, contingency and due to accidents, man- monitoring programs made natural disasters . Well designed plan for detection of accident or natural events eg. accidental spills, fire, including precautionary and remedial measures to be observed seismic activity, * Provision of preventive and remedial procedural manuals at earthquakes, heavy workplace rain/flooding and design . Adequate plans for environmental rehabilitation and restoration of failure site and removal of temporary structures and facilities installed during construction phase 2. Water Pollution (effluent . Wastewater discharged by the STP shall conform with the Effluent discharge) Standards set forth in DENR Administrative Order 34 and 35 for Class C waters . Regular monitoring of wastewater effluent by the Manila Water Company Central Laboratory . Regular check on sewer lines to prevent discharge/seepage of untreated wastewater to the environment . Quality of civil work on the STP facility shall be enforced during construction to avoid seepage 3. Noise Pollution (STP * Use of appropriate mounting for machinery to minimize vibration equipment, lift station) . All mechanical/electrical equipment shall be installed inside enclosures . Motors shall be provided with soundproofing devices a Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate tree species 4. Solid Waste * Solid waste generated within the STP facility will be minimal but (generated within the facility provision will be made for garbage collection and by the facility) . Disposal of sludge generated will be in accordance with established procedures of relevant authorities (disposal of sludge for use as soil conditioner) 10  5. Odors (organic and sulfur . Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate compounds coming from tree spec es 4 raw wastewater and during . Provisio- of landscape which will improve the aesthetic of the area desludging of septic tanks) by planting green strips using appropriate plant or tree species . Provisior-, of odor control mechanisms (deodonzer/adsorbent/masking agent) to prevent malodorous emissions) 6, Maintenance and . Regular asset condition monitoring by Manila Water Company Operation of the System personne; . Poor maintenance of . Regular maintenance works for STP equipment (pumps and mechanical equipment motors ). sewer network and septic tanks (pumps and motors) . Adequate training of STP operators * Connections * A liaison officer from the Community will assist the STP operator in assurinc ne facility's efficiency in operation . Provision. of adequate maintenance equipment and spares for the sewerace system facility 111. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring will be the responsibility of Manila Water Company. Construction Phase Compliance with Manila Water . At STP site and its * On-the-spot inspection and Company health and safety perimeter monitoring will be policies (dust emissions, good . Pipe lay!ng area implemented by the Health housekeeping, noise, odors) * Equipment and materials and Safety Dept. of Manila storace area Water Company using the STARRT Card (Annex 1) Traffic Ingress and egress to * Daily the construction site Operational Phase Effluent Water Quality . Influent . Annex 2 describes in detail for parameters like pH, 5-day * Samples from Treatment the schedule of wastewater BOD, COD, Total coliform, stages quality monitoring. suspended solids, and oil and * Effluent/Discharge Point grease. * STP site and perimeter Odor * Daily . At STP site Sludge accumulation/Clogging * Sewer network . Weekly * Communal septic tanks  1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Basic Project Information Name of Project GUADALUPE BLISS MAKATI COMMUNITY SANITATION PROJECT MANILA SECOND SEWERAGE PROJECT Address : Guadalupe Bagong Lipunan Site and Services, Barangay Cembo, Makati City, Philippines Contact Persons Leonor C. Cleofas Manager, Engineering and Project Management Office Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Ground Floor, Engineering Building, MWSS Complex, Katipunan Road, Balara, Quezon City 1105 Tel No. (632) 920-5413; (632) 920-5521 to 40 locals 3570/3569 Telefax: (632) 922-2568 Ma. Fiorella De Los Reyes-Fabella Wastewater Project Development Manager Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Road, 1105 Balara, Quezon City, Philippines Tel No. (632)981-8147; (632)926-7999 loc2032 Fax (632) 981-8106 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION The proposed project for Guadalupe BLISS is a sub-project of the Community Sanitation Project, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted MSSP. The service area is the entire Guadalupe BLISS. The project site is in J.P. Rizal, Makati City which is easily accessible from either the Epifanio Delos Santos Avenue (EDSA) or the C-5 Road. Figure 1 presents the location map of the project 12