China - Fourth National Highway Project (Vol. 2 of 8)

E-255 VOL. 2 Beijing-Zhuhai National Trunk Highway (China Highway Project IV) Hunan -Linxiang-Changsha Free-way Environmental Impact Assessment Report - f- Highway Research Institute The Ministry of Communications Beijing China January, 1999  Umdang - Changsha ES Contents Chapter One General Provisions 1.1 Preface ..................................................1 1.2 Assessment Objective ................................................... : . 2 1.3 Assessment Basis ...................................................3 1.4 Assessment Scope, Assessment Duration ........ ..........................................3 1.5 Assessment Approach, Emphasis, Topics Identification and Environmental Protection Targets ...................................................4 1.6 Assessment Standard ..................................................4 1.7 Overview of the Design Unft ...................................................6 1.8 Overview of Design Staff Member ...................................................7 Chapter Two Project Description 2.1 Geographical Location and Necessity of the Project ................................8 2.2 Construction Scale & Technical Standard ................................................... 10 2.3 Alignment & Main Controlling Points ................................................... 12 *2.4 Prediction of Traffic Volume ................................................... 13 2.5 Investment Estimate, Fund-Raising & Work Scheduling .............................. 14 Chapter Three Environmental Description 3.1 Natural Environment .................................................. 15 3.2 Ecological Environment .................................................. 16 3.3 Social Environment .................................................. 17 Chapter Four Current Environmental Description & Assessment 4.1 Acoustic Environmental Description and Assessment ................................... 20 4.2 Atmospheric Environmental Description and Assessment ............................. 28 4.3 Ecological Environmental Description and Assessment ................................. 39 4.4 Socioeconomic Environmental Description and Assessment ......................... 50 4.5 Traffic Environmental Description and Assessment ...................................... 56 Chapter Five Prediction & Assessment of Environmental Impact 5.1 Prediction & Assessment of Acoustic Environmental Impact . ........................ 60 5.2 Predication & Assessment of Atmospheric Environmental Impact .............. 76 5.3 Predication & Assessment of Ecological Environmental Impact ................... 89 5.4 Socioeconomic Environmental Impact & Assessment ............................. . 100 5.5 Traffic Environmental Impact Assessment ....................................... 111 Chapter Six Analysis of Altematives 6.1 lntroductiorrto Route Program .................................................. 113 6.2 Comparison of Engineering, Removal and Resettlement Environment Elements .............................................. 115 i  _Llodag - Changsha EIAR 6.3 Conclusion of Route Program Appraising ................................... . 126 Chapter Seven Environmental Mitigation Measures & Suggestions 7.1 Design Phase .................................... 127 7.2 Construction Phase .................................... 129 7.3 Operation Phase .................................... 132 Chapter Eight Environmental Monitoring and Management 8.1 Environmental Monitoring .................................... 149 8.2 Environmental Management .................................... 152 8.3 Environmental Personnel Training .................................... 165 Chapter Nine Project Economic Assessment and Environmental Protection Investment 9.1 Economic Assessment of the Project ...................................._..166 9.2 Financial assessment .................................... 166 9.3 Estimate of Environment Protection Investment .................................... 166 Chapter Ten Public Participaion.. 10.1 Public Participation and Surveying .................................... 168 10.2 Public Participation and Home Interview . ............................... 169 10.3 Public Participation and Group Public Interview . ......................... 171 10.4 Summary .................................... 173 Chapter Eleven Assessment Conclusions.175 List of Figures and Tables Major Reference Attached Fig.1 Geographical Location of the Proposed Project (at end of Volume II) Attached Fig.2 Plan Map of Alignment Strike and Altematives Comparison of Linxiang- Changsha Freeway in Hunan Territory of the Beijing- Zhuhai National Arterial Highway (at end of Volume II) Attached Fig. 3 Illustration Map of Environment Protection Measures (end Volume II) Attached Fig. 4 Cultural Sites and Environmental Monitoring Point Distribution During Operation Stage (at the end of Volume II) ii  - Undia - Changsha ELAR Chapter One General Provisions 1.1 Preface Unxiang-Changsha Freeway in Hunan territory of Beijing-Zhuhai national arterial highway is a component of the "two horizontal lines and two vertical lines', which has been approved by the State Council to be constructed before the year of 2000. It is also one of the key highway projects in Hunan province during the "Eighth Five-Year Plan7 and "Ninth Five-Year Plan' period. After completion of this freeway, there will form a south-north highway network in the eastem region of Hunan province, which is of great significance to the strategy put forward by Hunan Provincial Party Committee and Hunan Provincial Government as to improve transportation infrastructure of this region .The strategy is "Open up north and south entrances, widen three passages, construct five zones and one corridor, and speed up development of the westem line". Entrusted by Hunan Provincial Communications Department (HPCD) Planning Office, Hunan Provincial Transportation Design lnstitute(HPTDI) compiled the Feasibility Study Report of Linxiang-Changsha freeway of Beijing-Zhuhai National Arterial Highway in May 1994. In 1995 this project was identified as a National Highway Project IV loaned by World Bank, and in Nov. of the same year, the World Bank identification mission proposed some amendments to the original F/S report due to recent rapid changes in economy and transportation along the line. Based on these, the Hunan Provincial Transportation Design Institute compiled the Feasib/fy Study Repoif of the Linxi8pg-Changsha Freeway of the Beiinat-Zhuhai Nafional Arteial Hiahw "ielV in Jan. 1996. In March 1997, again entrusted by the HPCD Planning Office, the Design Institute carried out national economic evaluation and financial evaluation for this project according to latest investment budget and traffic estimates, and compiled in July 1997 the Feasibility Study Report of Linxiang (Tucheng)-Changsha Freeway of the Betiina-Zhuhai National Arterial Highway (Project IVJ In Sept 1997, the State Planning Commission entrusted the Ministry of Communications (MOC) and China Intemational Engineering Consultation Corporation to organize a reviewing conference in Hunan to examine the preliminary feasibility study report and project proposal of this project. Afterwards, in March 1998, the HPCD pre-reviewed the original design of this project, and in May 1998, the World Bank pre-reviewed this project. According to each time's reviewing comments and HPCD arrangements, it is decided that this project need the following new establishments: Kaihui linking road, Yangzichong Interchange, Yueyang Interchange and its linking road. According to local govemment's opinion, the original Longwan altemative is changed into the recommended Wujiang alternative, the Changsha Xinsha Development Zone section will change from the original east elevated bridge altemative to the recommended west altemative. Each altemative is adjusted in subgrade width etc. according to the up-to-date (Technical Standard for Highway Project) . To coordinate with these adjustments, the Hunan Provincial Transportation Design Institute further  LlUnang - Changsha EIAR provided the 1996 economic data and 1996, 1997 traffic volume data along the line, and re-predicted the traffic volume, re-analyzed its social economy, and revised its works volume and compiled its investment budget At the same time, according to the HPCD requirements and by considering the vanous capital raising channels, the revaluation of this project is economic re-conducted, and the Feasibility Study Report for the Linxiang-Changsha Freeway in Hunan temtory of the Beain2Zhuhai National Arterial Tmnkway (National Highway Prjelct IV) was completed in May 1998. In August,1998, we completed the Two-phase Preliminary Design for Linxiang-Changsha Freewa-y in Hunan Ltemor of the SbeWinaZuhai National Arterial Trunkway According to relevant environmental protection laws of the state, the HPCD entrusted the Highway Research Institute of the Ministry of Communications (MOC) to undertake the environmental impact assessment of the project in September 1993. In Oct. 1993, the assessment team of the Institute, under the support of HPDI and the MOC planning office as well as local transportation bureaus along the line, have made a field surveillance on the line and gathered data from local cities and towns along the line. Based on these findings, the assessment team compiled the TOR of this project and submitted it to the MOC environmental protection office, which sponsored a TOR preliminary review in Changsha in March 1994. According to the review opinions of experts, the reviewers made amendments to the TOR and submitted it to the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) in April of the same year. Through experts reviewing, the NEPA approved the TOR in August 1994 in its document [1994] No. 190. Afterwards, the MOC Highway Research Institute entrusted the Hunan Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center to conduct the environmental monitoring of this project. In July 1996, the project team prepared environmental assessment report of this project according to large sums of data and information. In Feb. 1997, the EP office of MOC held an expert-reviewing conference. In Nov. 1997 the environmental assessment report was submitted to the World Bank for reviewing, and the project team, according to the Bank expert's comments and the latest works and traffic estimates, revised the assessment report for the first time in Dec, 1997. In Dec., 1997, the National Environmental Protection Agency (NEPA) approved the project's environmental impact assessment report in its document [1997] No.845. In May 1998, the Wold Bank pre-assessed this project in Changsha, Hunan. The project team, according to the World Bank experts' opinion and the project's latest works variation and traffic volume prediction , has completed the second revised Environmental Impact Assessment report for this project in July 1998. In Dec., 1998, the project team again, based on the World Bank environmental experts' opinion and the project's latest data , completed the third revised EIA report. In Jan. 1999, the World Bank environmental expert reviewed the revised edition of environmental reports. The project team, based on the reviewing opinions, completed the final environmental reports in January, 1999. 1.2 Assessment objectives 1. to provide basis for alignment selection according to assessment of each environmental impact caused by development of this project; 2. to propose mitigation measures according to the adverse impact on environment during construction and operation stage so as to reduce their impact degree and to protect environment. 2  Un4ang - Changsh ELAR 3. to provide guidance for environmental management during construction and operation stages and to provide scientific basis for economic development along the line. 1.3 Assessment Basis 1. P.R. C Environmental Protection Law 2. P.R. C. Water Pollution Prevention Law, 3. P.R. C. Air Pollution Prevention Law: 4. P-R.C. Noise Pollution Prevention Las 5. P.R. C. Cultural Relics Protection Law; 6. P.R. C. Water Conservation Law. 7. P.R. C. Land Management Law. Document (1993) No.324 Notice about Strengthening EIA Management for the Projects Financed by Intemational Financial Organizations 9. The World Bank 0D4.01 Envimronment Assessment 10. NEPA Document (86) No.003 Environmental Protection Management Regulations of Construction Projects: 11. MOC (90) Document No. 17 Environmental Protection Management for Highway PErojl 12. Technical Guide for Environment Impact Assessment (HJJT2. 1, 2, 3, 93,NEPA) 13. Technical Guide for Environment Impact Assessment, non-pollution ecological impact HJ/T-19-1997, NEPA; 14. Technical Guide for Environment Impact Assessment-acoustic environment (HJ/T2.4-1995,NEPA); 15. Hunan provincial government decree [1986]V012, Environmenta/lProtectio Management for Capital Construction Project in Hunan, 16. Hunan Provincial Environment Protection Agency document [1986] No.1 190 Environment Protection on Management for Capital Construction Project 17. TOR of Environmental Impact Assessment of Linxiang-Changsha Freewavy of RBeLin-Zhuhai National Arterial Hrghwav April, 1994 18. NEPA Document No. 190 [1994] * Reply Letter to the Comments on the TOR of EIA on Linxiang - Changsha Freeway of Befing-Zhuhai National Arterial ,lighway 19. Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Agency Letter conceming the EIA Implementing Criteria for Linxiang-Changsha Freeway, April ,1995; 20. JTJO05-96 EIA Scope of Highway Project (tentative): 21. Feasibility Study Report of Linxiang- Changsha Freeway in Hunan Territory of Beiiing-Zhuhai National Arterial Highway IV Hunan Provincial Design Institute of Communications and Survey, May, 1998 22. The Two-phase Preliminary Design for Linxiang-Changsha Freewav in Hunan territory of the Bejing-Zhuhai National Arterial Trunkway. August, 1 998 1.4 Assessment Scope, Assessment Duration. 1 The scope of atmospheric, noise , ecological and water environmental assessment is 200 meters from the central line of the proposed freeway. In case of sensitive locations, the scope can be enlarged accordingly. The assessment scope of social economy and standard of living is the region the freeway will pass. 3  UrW" - ChngSh EAR Duration of the assessment: Construction phase-project construction phase Operation phase-2002, 2012 and 2022. 1.6 Assessment Approach, Emphasis, Topics identification and Environmental Protection Targets: I Assessment Approach: In light of features of road construction, module computation, analogic analysis are adopted for prediction and assessment of atmospheric and noise environment. Investigation analysis is applied to the assessment of ecological, social and communications environment. 2 Assessment Emphasis: acoustic environmental impact. 3 Topics identification: The EIA of this project include 5 topics which are acoustic environmental impact assessment, atmospheric environmental impact assessment, ecological environmental impact assessment, social environmental impact assessment and communications environmental impact assessment 4. Main objectives of environment protection: are identified to be water and soil conservation, protection of acoustic environment of school along the road. 1.6 Assessment Standard According to the opinions of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection Agency, and World Bank pre-assessment mission environmental expert, the assessment standard for this project are defined as follows: 1 For noise-environmental assessment, class IV standard of GB3096-93 Urban Noise Standard is applied; Class I standard is applied to cultural and education area. 2 For environment air assessment, class 11 standard of GB3095-96 Environment Air Quality Standard is adopted. 3 For surface water environmental assessment, class 11 standard of GB3838- 88 Surface Water Qualty Standard and GB1 1607-89 Eisbin9later Quality Standard are to be implemented. The environment standards concemed and their value are shown in the following table-1-1-Table 1-6: Tablel-1 GB309693 Noise Criteria for Urban Area Unit equivalent sound level LA,, dB Type Daytime Nihttime Applied district 0 50 140 Special residence 1 1 55 + 45 Residence, cultural & education area 2 X 60 _ 50 I Residence. commerce, industry mixed area i3 65 55 I Industrial concentrated area 1 4 70 55 Along both sides of trunk road Note: Class IV Noise standard is applied to residences, class I noise standard is applied to cultural and education area 4  Lhdang - Changsha ELAR Tablei-2 GB3095-96 Air Quality Standard) Pollutant Concentration Limit (mglma) Unit Name Sampling time Class I Class II Class III SO2 Annual average 0.02 0.06 0.10 Monthly average 0.05 0.15 0.25 1-hour average 0.15 0.50 0.70 TSP Annual average 0.08 020 0.30 Monthly average 0.12 0.30 0.50 PM10 Annual average 0.04 0.10 0.15 Monthly average 0.05 0.15 0.25 Nox Annual average 0.05 0.05 0.10 Monthly average 0.05 0.10 0.15 '-hour average 0.15 0.15 0.30 Mg/m NO2 Annual average 0.04 0.04 0.08 Monthly average 0.08 0.08 0.12 (standard 1- hour average 0.12 0.12 0.24 condition) CO Daily average 4.00 4.00 6.00 1-hour average 10.00 10.00 20.00 Pb Quarter average 1.50 .11 gJ m Annual average 1.00 (standard [a] Aily average 0.01 condifion) B[a]P _ Note: Class II air quality standard is applied for this project. PM10 refers to air dynamic corpuscle whose diameter is less than 10 tL m. Tablel-3 Water Criteria Unit: mg/L, excerpt pH value Standard GB3838-88 Surface GB11607-89 Fishery Parameter Water quality class II water standard H X 6.5-8.5 Unsalted 6.5-8.5 Lead,_ 0.05 0.05 Petroleum -< 0.05 0.05 BOD5 3 5 Tablel-4 GB12523 - 90 (Noise Limits on Construction Site) unit: dB(A) Construction Main Noise Source Noise Limit l Day Night Earth/stone work Bulldozer, excavator, loader, etc ! 70 55 Piling Various piers 85 Construction _________ _________ _ ______ _________ _________ _________ . ____Prohibited Structure Concrete mixer, vibrating spear, 75 55 electric saw I|I Equipment Hoisting machine, elevator 65 55 5  LfDang - Cangsha EAR Tablel-6 GB16297 - 96 Overall Discharging Standard for Atmospheric Pollutant Pollutant Max Motri dsclarging conleron limit concentration st Sped ABowed 1'h for unorganzed mgfm& Exhaust Class I Clas 11 Class Hi discha pIpe Height (m) 280 15 0.11 0.22 0.34 Obvious unorgaed (blow itunen) 20 0.19 036 0.55 discharging fom Bitumen 80 (smelhng, 30 0.82 1.6 2.4 production Smoke sokk coafing) 40 . 1.4 2.8 4.2 equipment islnot ISO 50 2.2 43 6.6 allowed. (constuction 60 3.0 5.9 9.0 mix(ing) 70 4.5 8.7 I 13 __________ __________ _ 80 6.2 12 18 I Tablel -6 GB8978-1996 Sewage Overall Discharging Standard U nit: mgf/L excerP)t PH value _ _No. Pollutant Class I U Cnt: s IE Class m I__ IpH j 6-9 6-9 6-9 2 SS 70 150 400 3 = BOD. j 20 3C 300 4 T COD 100 ISO 500 5 Petroleum 5 ___20 1 6 T r Total lead 1 1 Note: Class If standard will be applied to this project. 1.7 Overview of the Design Unit Highway Research Institute of the MOC is the largest national highway research base under the direct leadership of the MOC, holding class A Certificate for EIA issued by NEPA. The Environmental Engineering Design Office as its subdivision owns around 20 specialists with high or middle professional titles in respects of highway engineering, automobile engineering, environment engineering, chemical analysis, gardening, soil, water supply and sewerage work, computer, etc.. At present, we are mainly engaged in highway environment protection research, environment impact assessment, environment engineering design, construction, etc.. Up to the present, we have carried out environment impact assessment for 70 freeways and extreme large bridges. Of which, 10 projects are financed by the World Bank and Asian international financial organizations. 6  Lbkdang - Changsha EUR 1.8 Overview of Design Staff Member Huihal Ye, male, bom in 1965, graduated from Jilin University, M.S in envimnmental chemicals. Now he is associate research fellow and the chief of Environment Engineering Office of the Highway Research Institute of the MOC . He is also in charge of the EIA work of National highway l-Hebei section, national highway 11 and IV-Hunan section. In EIA of Hunan secbon of national highway IV, he mainly undertakes ch some work for main report and the assessment work of social and-traffic environment topics. Manghong Yang, male, bom in 1968, graduated from Xi'an University, M.S in environmental engineering. Now he is research assistant, member of National Acoustic Standardization Technical Committee (NASTC), member of Noise Analysis Technical Committee of NASTC. He is in charge of: the acoustic environment topic for national highway 11 -Hunan section and its subprojects' EIA work; the ecological environment topic for National highway 111-Hubei section financed by the World Bank loan. In EIA of Hunan section of national highway IV, he undertakes some work for main report and the assessment work of acoustic environment topics. Xiuyan Zhou, female, bom in 1944, engineer, engaged in chemical analysis . She is in charge of water environment topics for Hunan section of national highway 11 and ecological environment for Hunan section of national highway IV. Fang Wang, female, bom in 1957, graduated from Electronic engineering. She is in charge of atmospheric environment topics in EIA for Hunan section of both national highway 11 and national highway IV. Zhongxuan Pu, male, bom in 1938, graduated from Jilin Industrial University, majored in automobile application, professor-equivalent senior engineer. He is in charge of public participation in EIA for Hunan section of national highway IV. 7  lUdang - Changsha ElAR Chapter Two Project Description 2.1 Geographical Location and Necessity of the Project Construction 2.1.1 Geographical Location Hunan province is located at south China, lies in the middle of Yangtze River. Because the province mostly lies in the south of Dongting Lake, so H is named "Hunan' (literally "the south of the lake'). Its biggest river-Xiang River runs from south to north into Dongting Lake, it is also refered to as the "Xiang'. Situated at east atitude 108