Senegal - Electricity Efficiency Enhancement Project : environmental and social impact analysis (Vol. 4 of 4) : Environmental management and monitoring plan for the acquisition of 2000 km of 2D land seismic in No. Senegal

E892 Volume 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN FOR THE ACQUISITION OF 2000 KM OF 2D LAND SEISMIC IN NORTHERN SENEGAL ^ , - ^.,..' -~ . U , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. FOR THE WORLD BANK / PETROSEN DECEMBER 1999 *~~~~~~~~1 FIL COPY  TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.3 2 SUMMARY OF THE BASELINE DESCRIPTION ..................................................................3 2.1 BASELINE DATA ..........................................................................3 3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN ..................................... 4 3.1 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................4 3.2 GENERAL ISSUES; ALIGNMENT, ACCESS AND CONSENT ............................................................5 3.2.1 Potential impact ........................................................................5 3.2.2 Measures in the planning phase - the operators responsibilities . .........................5 3.2.3 Measures in the operational phase - the contractors responsibilities ................ . 6 3.3 MEASURES TO PREVENT DAMAGES ON CROPS AND PROPERTY ..................................................8 3.3.1 Potential inmpacts ........................................................................8 3.3.2 Mitigation measures in the planning phase ......................................................................8 3.3.3 Mitigation measures in the operational phase .................................................................9 3.4 WORK IN SENSITIVE AND PROTECTED AREAS .......................................................................... 10 3.4.1 Measures in the planning phase - Petrosen 's responsibilities ....................................... 15 3.4.2 Measures in the operational phase - the contractors responsibilities ........................... 16 3.5 WORK IN AREAS WITH HISTORICAL MONUMENTS ........................................................... 17 3.5.1 Measures in the planning phase - Petrosen 's responsibilities . ...................................... 17 3.6 WORK IN STREAMS AND WATERWAYS .1............................................................7 17 3.6.1 Mitigation measur-es ..17 3.7 CAMP SITES .18 3.7.1 Measures in the operational phase - the contractors responsibilities . .18 3.8 MALARIA AND TRANSFER OF THE HIV-VIRUS (AIDS) .21 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN .22 4.1 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF THE RIGHT-OF- WAY .........................................,.,.,.,.,.22 4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF TERRAIN STABILIZATION AND EROSION CONTROL . 23 4.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING SENSITIVE AND PROTECTED AREAS .23 4.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING IN STREAMS AND WATERWAYS .23 4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF CAMP SITES .................................. ,.,. 23 4.6 REPORTING .24 5 INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND TRAINING .24 5.1 INTRODUCTION .24 5.2 ISSUES FOR INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING AND TRAINING .25 5.3 COMMENTS ON THE POSSIBLE DEVELOPMENT OF ONSHORE PETROLEUM RELATED ACTIVITIES IN SENEGAL.26 6 REFERENCES .27 7 APPENDICES .28 I - List of protected tree species in Senegal 11 - Historical sites in the seismic acquisition area III - Checklists for environmental management and monitoring IV - Author of the Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan  1 INTRODUCTION As part of a national policy of promoting the potential for hydrocarbon development of the sedimentary basins within the Republic of Senegal, Petrosen, which is the responsible organisation, has negotiated part financinig from the World Bank for the acquisition of a new land seismic survey. This seismic survey extends over the northern part of Senegal, from the Gambian border to the Senegal River at the Mauritaniia border. It will consist of approximately 2000 line kin of 2D seismic recording. The seismic acquisition will employ a mechanical wave generating (Vibroseis) energy source, which will require access to the line by a number of heavy vehicles and associated personnel. The acquisition is expected to start early in the year 2000 and to continue for 11-14 months. In order to mitigate any environmenital disturbance from the planned operation an environ- mental impact assessment (EIA), as required by the World Bank, has been developed. The EIA identifies environmental and social aspects which may be affected by the seismic acquisitioni, and mitigating and remedial measures are recommended. The present Environmental Managemenit Plan (EMP) is based on the findings in the EIA and focuses on three areas; mitigation measures, environmental monitorinig and institutional strengthening and training. The EMP includes a summary of the environmental impacts as described in the EIA. For more detailed descriptions regarding methods for the seismic acquisition, baseline data and interniationlal and national regulations, see the EIA (Ledje etal. 1999). 2 SUMMARY OF THE BASELINE DESCRIPTION The EIA includes a description of the physical, socio-cultural and eco-geographical environment, as well as the protected and sensitive areas in the seismic acquisition area. The description is based on written material, information obtained through a number of consultation meetings and a field survey carried out in Senegal. 2.1 Baseline data The climate in Senegal is dominated by the dry and the rainy seasons. The rainy season lasts from July to September in the northern part of the area, and from June-October in the southerni parts. The topography of the area is largely flat, though fixed dunes occur in the northerni parts. The soils are sandy and rich in iron. Saline flats occur in the Senegal River delta. The southerni part of the seismic acquisitioni area is intensively cultivated. Main crops are millet and grounldlluts. Irrigated r ice and sugar plantations are established on suitable soils in the Senegal River delta. The nortlhern part of the area, with poor soils and low annual precipitation, is mainly unsuitable for agriculture, and vast areas are used for pastLre for livestock during the rainy season. The population in the seismic acquisition area is dominated by four larger groups; the Wolof, the Tukolor, the Peul and the Serer. The Peul people are traditionally semi-nomadic cattle herders. The remaining groups are traditionally traders and farmers. Rapid increase of the population over the last 30 years has caused an increased pressure on agricultural land, and the agricultural zones have expanded to areas allocated for grazing and forest protection. 3  The vegetation in the seismic acquisitioni area is mainly tree and bush savanilah. The impact of desertification is most severe in large areas, and the Goverinment has implemented extensive programs to plant and conserve trees in order to protect the dry sandy soils in agricultural areas. A number of protected areas are located within the seismic acquisition area. These include Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary, Saloum Biosphere Reserve, Ndiael and Bao Bolon Special Wildlife Reserves, three classified pastule reserves (sylvo-pastoral reserves) and seven classified forests. Several tree species occurring in the seismic acquisition area are completely or partly protected. The general hunting season is from September-December. Three important hunting areas are located within the seismic acquisition area, but hunting is generally performed everywhere in the area. Historical sites located in the seismic acquisition area includes battlefields and grave mounds. Malaria is widespread in Senegal. The HIV-virus (aids) is widespread on the African continent, although the infection frequency in Senegal is less than in other West-African countries. 3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN The purpose of the environmental monitoring plan is to ensure that mitigation measures have been efficient, to provide a base for implementation of additional mitigation measures where necessary, and to collect and systemise experience data for use in the planning of future seismic projects. Environmenital operating procedures should be developed and implemented for alignment and access, terrain stabilisation and erosion control, fuel storage and handling, and establishment, operation and restoration work at camp sites. All procedures should be developed by the contractor and approved by the operator. The following sections give an overview over recommended measures to prevent or reduce the negative environmenital impacts of the seismic acquisition. The plan is partly based on the Einvironimental Operating Guidelines for International Geophysical Operations (Petro-Canada 1 990). A checklist for review of the environmental management plan is enclosed in Appendix III. 3.1 Introduction The environimental impact of the proposed seismic survey is site-specific and reversible, provided that the proposed mitigating measul-emilents are followed. It is not expected that the seismic operations will cause any long tern or irrever-sible impacts. The activities associated with the proposed seismic project can be conducted with minimal impact to the environment and the lives of local people and their communities. Potential environmenital himpacts can be successfully mitigated throughi the adoption of environmental operating standards based on the recommendations given in the present environmental management plan. 4  The environimenital impact related to the seismic acquisition can be: - damage on crops and property - dam-nage on forest and vegetation - disturbance caused by noise and traffic - environmental impact caused by the activity at the camp sites - damage on historical sites - conflicts with other interests, such as hunting Other areas of concern is infection and transfer of diseases such as malaria and aids. The environimenital impact assessment contains recommendationis regarding localisation of the seismic Iines that interfere with protected areas. The present EMP contains a summary of the findinigs from the EIA, recommended mitigating measures, references to Senegal's environmental legislation and to the World Bank Safeguard Policies where relevanit, a description of the operator's and the contractor's responsibilities, a list of operating procedures that should be implemented and a checklist for environmental review of the project execution. 3.2 General issues; alignment, access and consent 3.2.1 Potential impact As Senegal is located at the edge of the Sahara desert, the impact of desertification in the seismic acquisition area is most severe. The Government of Senegal has an ambitious and well advertised program to plant trees in poor soil areas, to conserve trees and to protect the ubiquitous dry, sandy soils in agricultural areas (Speller 1992). Extensive cutting of trees, bushes and removal of perennial herbs and topsoil may lead to long term environmental impact in sensitive areas or in areas exposed for erosion and desertification. 3.2.2 Measuires in the planning phase - the operators responsibilities 1 Inform and notify regionial and local goverinmenits Commnents: Arrange for information meetings with the regional and local governments. Present project plans and operational conditions given by the environmental authlorities (see 3.4). The purpose of the meetings is, in addition to present the project plans, to gather information and discuss issues that might have influence on the final alignment of the seismic lines. The activities should be planned in order to avoid conflicts with other activities such as hunting and construction work. ResponsibiliW: Petrosen References to Senegal Law No. 96-06, completed by Law No. 96-07, regarding relevant regu- transfer of authlority to the regions, mullicipalities and local lations/guide- comnuniLiities. lines 5  2 Inform contr-actor- of all environmenital regulatory authlorizatioll terms and conditions Comments: Copies of all regulatory authiorizations, terms and conditionis shall be forwarded to the contractor on-site for review and guidance purposes Responsibility: Petrosen 3 Update contractor's personnel of all regulatory authlorization terms and conditions, and on the valid Environmental Management Plan Comments: Inform on all restrictions regarding work in protected areas and close to cultural sites, buildings, infrastructure elements etc Responsibility: Petrosen/Contractor 4 Timing of the operations: see section 3.3.1 3.2.3 Measures in the operational phase - the contractors responsibilities The following operational procedures shouIld be to be developed by the contractor: - Procedure for alignment and access with considerations - Procedure for cutting, clearing and timber salvage - Procedure for terrain stabilization and erosion control The procedures should be approved by Petrosen in advance of any operations. Recommended measures that should be reflected in the operational procedures are given below: 1 Right-of-way and access Guidelinies: The right-of-way should be kept at a minimum. No travelled trail shall be obstructed. Existing roads and tracks to be used as far as possible for access for service vehicles. Fence or post signs shall be applied in sensitive areas to limit the use of access roads (to be determined in the planning stages and through contact with the appropriate government land management agency - see sect. 3.4). Secondary roads should be dog-legged in any wooded area. Only narrow handcut lines should be permitted through the buffer zone to allow stringing of geophones (1.5 in in width). 6  Guidelines, All hiand-cut lines used for detours shIould hiave a maximumi1 widtil of 3 cont. m. All significant deviations from the approved line for detours, as well as Ppush-outs" and "turn-arounds", must have prior approval by the operators representative. Dozer blading shiould be kept at a minimum at all times to protect vegetation and ground surface. No more than a single detour may be constructed to gain access aroulid any slope or any watercourse. LCutting of alternate or parallel seismic lines to compensate for errors made in the original line clearing shiould not be allowed. No unilecessary cutting of trees shall occur. Responsibility: Contractor 2 Cutting, clearing and timber salvage, debris and slash disposal Commenits: Cutting of trees sIhould be avoided, and only undertaken as per local regulationis and as agreed with the appropriate management agency (for protected tree species, see sect. 3.4) Debris and slash must be disposed safely to redLice fire hazard, avoid compromising future uses of the site, maintain aesthietical quality and aid in revegetation and reclamation. Responsibility: Contractor References to Senegal Law No. 98-03, Forest Code (including list of protected tree relevant regu- species). lations/guide- I ines 3 Terrain stabilization and erosion control Guidelinles: Guidelinies for assessing the potential for soil erosion shiall be developed. BulIdozer operators should be instructed not to scrape the top surface uninecessarily and remove vegetation. During all track-mounted vehicle-assisted operations, every precaution should be taken to minimize disturbance to the topsoil. Ainy interference withi the normal drainage of water from the land shiall be remedied. 7  Guidelines, Soil erosion, sedimentationi of st-eamlis or reduction in watershed cont. capacity caused by the removal of trees, shrubs or other vegetation, distirbance of the land surface, or any other impact resulting from the operation shall be prevented. Where necessary, vegetation sufficient to prevent accelerated erosion should be re-established and maintained on all bare soil areas unless otherwise approved by the local autihorities. As sooIn as possible, the seismic lines should be contoured to their original condition. Responsibility: Contractor 3.3 Measures to prevent damages on crops and property 3.3.1 Potential impacts Agricultural land will be affected by the survey, both along the seismic acquisition lines and by the traffic necessary to transport personnel and equipment. The vibration may also have an impact on wells, buildings, soil structure and on the water regime in the soils. Soil compaction from vehicle operations, which can inhibit crop growth, is most likely to occur during the wet season in moist areas. Seismic operations conducted during the main growing season of July-October would result in crop losses in areas of intensive agriculture. Extensive areas might be affected, both along the seismic lines and on any new access roads that will have to be constructed. Damage to trees and structures such as fences can occur regardless of the operating season. 3.3.2 Mitigation measuires in the planning phase 1 Timing of the activities The following timing is recommended: May-July northern part of zone l(to avoid negative impact on areas protected for bird life, see section 3.3). August-October: southerin part of zone I November-January: zone 2 February-April zone 3 For localisation of zone 1-3, see Figure 3.1. 8  Figure 3.1. Zone I= grey and blue areas, zone 2= green areas, zone 3= purple areas. The seismic acquisition area is roughly outlined in blue. For recommended timing of g 1^$*4; \ the seismic acquisition, see text. Duration of agricultural period in the seismic acquisition area: white = non agricultural zone, light blue= 60-70 days, light green = 70-80 days, green = 90-120 days, pink > 120 days. 2 Establish mechanisms to measure damage. assess compensation and distribute payments related to landowner/land user Comments: Compensation payments for crop losses and temporary damage to property and soil effectively mitigate any income loss to local farmers if they are administered fairly and efficiently. Governmental agricultural, forestry, transportation and hydrocarbon development agencies in Senegal are encouraged to co-ordinate activities to ensure that compensation for crop values and land prices are established fairly and paid promptly. Responsibility: Petrosen 3 Notify landowners/occupants prior to the commencement of seismic operations Comments: Landowners and occupants in the planned project area should be informed in advance of project execution on expected impacts on crops, mitigating measures to prevent damage on crops and property and on the compensation conditions and arrangements. Responsibility: Petrosen 3.3.3 Mitigation measures in the operational phase I -Work in agricultural areas Guidelines: The seismic survey should be conducted during the dry season in the intensively cultivated parts south in the influence area to prevent damage on crops, and to reduce compensation payments and soil compaction. 9  Cuttillg of trees shall be avoided, fences and other structures restored. Guidelines, Seismic operations in irrigated areas should only be performed on collt. existing roads. Permission to do this mllUst be given by the plantation owners prior to any activities. WWhere required, compacted soils must be broken up prior to seeding. All wells and surface water sources along the seismic acquisition Iines shall be identified. Recommended restrictions for seismic operations close to water wells and surface sources are 120 m respectively 45 m. Responsibility: Contractor 2 Restrictions for seismic operations close to buildinigs and other structures Guidelines: Residences, barns, churches, mosques, cemeteries and buildings or structures with a concrete base: 50 m Public work or engineerinig structures: 50 m Driveways, gateways and buried water pipelines: 5 m Survey monumenlt or buried telphone or telecommunication lines: I m Oil or gas pipelines: 15 m Responsibility: Contractor References to Senegal Decree No. 98-812, establishing the condition of the relevant regu- application of the Petroleum Code lations/guide- lines 3.4 Work in sensitive and protected areas General concerns Due to the imipact of desertification, large areas of the seismic acquisition area are exposed to wind and water erosion. The seismic survey should be performed in such a manner that necessary measures are taken to protect the vegetation as far as possible. Cutting of trees should be avoided as far as possible, and the activity should take place in the dry season in order to avoid unniecessary removal of vegetation and topsoil layer, thus prevent wind and water erosion of the soils. The disposal of trees and bushes that are unavoidable cut should be carried out with the advice of local authlorities. Gallery forests, occurring along rivers and waterways in the southern part of the area, provide lshelter for wildlife and are of importanice for biodiversity. Gallery forests are considered to be sensitive habitats for physical disturbances. Seismic operations in these areas should be avoided. 10  A number of tree species are protected (see App. 1). Authorisation to cut or damage protected species can be granted by the authorities. Local officials should be consulted prior to any seismic operations. Fixed dunes are characteristic landscape elements in parts of the northern seismic area. Necessary considerations should be taken to avoid damage on the dunes due to driving. The recommended periods for activities in the different areas are given in figure 3. 1. Protected areas General for protected areas and species: No seismic operations can take place in national parks, nature reserves, classified forests or sylvo-pastoral reserves without a permit from the authorities. No completely or partly protected tree species can be cut without permission. Any activities in classified forests should be undertaken in co-operation with governmental and local officials. The replacement of any cut trees and other restoration measures shall be undertaken with direction from these officials. National parks and nature reserves: The national parks and nature reserves located in the seismic acquisition area are of special importance for migratory and breeding birds. The most sensitive period is from September-December, but large numbers of migratory birds can be found in the reserves to March/April. Dioudi National Bird Sanctuary. Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary is a sensitive area with high iiternational conservation value. The most sensitive period is from September to December. This is the breeding time for birds, as well as the most important staging period for migratory birds. The migration period stretches to March/April. The park is surrounded by a buffer zone with a radius of I kilometer. No soil or sub-soil exploration activities are allowed in the national park or in the buffer zone. Proposed mitigation measures. The proposed seismic line should be moved, and preferably established south of the park, outside the buffer zone. Activities in this area should be restricted to the period April-June, during the end of the dry season, which will facilitate access to the dry flood plains, and disturbance to the bird life will be kept at a minimum. The proposed alternative route is shown in Figure 3.2. Ndiael Special Wildlife Reserve. Engineering work carried out in the 1960's lead to severe changes in the natural water regime in this reserve, and the number of breeding and wintering birds has decreased drastically. The reserve is not considered to be of international importance in its present condition. It is not considered to be a wetland, but rather a part of the Sahelian desert. A new management plan for the area has recently been developed. It includes a plan for restoration of the water regime in the reserve. Reestablishment of the water level is planned to be done in the period 1999-2001, but the final restoration is pending financing of the project. The restoration of Ndiael is of national and international importance both with respect to the conservation value as well as for the recruitment and production of commercially important fish species. The most vulnerable period for wildlife in the reserve is from September to December, when migratory and breeding birds are found in areas with open water. According to the planned seismic program three seismic lines will cross the park. Proposed nmitigation nmeasures: From a geophysical point of view, moving the proposed lines that affect the Ndiael reserve is not an alternative. There are two geological objectives, the most important being the structural rollover, seen on existing seismic data from previous I  acquisitions. The purpose of the proposed line B, is to complete existing data and determine hiow far northi these interesting strmctural featires contilue. Moving the line northi or soutIl, out of the Reserve is therefore not an alternative. Despite the fact that the seismic survey itself not is assumed to have a significant negative impact on the environmental values in Ndiael, exploration activites in a Ramsar site is in conflict with the intenitions of the protection and the World Banks Safeguard Policies regarding natural habitats. Recommended mitigation measures is to terminate the proposed seismic lines at the reserve boundaries. If this is not feasible to the overall purpose of the survey, the Ramsar Secretariate should be consulted for approval of any activities within the site. Specific terms and conditions for possible exploration and production drillinig, should be defined already at this stage in order to avoid future conflicts. Salozmz Biosphere Reserve. The Saloum Biosphere Reserve is divided into three management zones. Three seismic line will affect zone 3 (the outermost zone). Extensive human activity, includinig agriculture, fishing and hunting, is allowed in this zone. An important hunting area is located within the northern part of zone 3. The huntinig period is from September- December. Proposed mitigation measure. The objective of the seismic in this area is to survey a stratigraphic sequence, Palaeozoic but of unknown age, that subcrops the Mesozoic unconlformity. Several seismic lines have been recorded through the Reserve area in the past, and the new proposed lines are localised in order to complete these data. To avoid any unnecessary interference with the Biosphere reserve, the following changes for the proposed lines are recommended (see Fig. 3.2): - The west end of Line I, from about the intersection with Line 1, should be bent nortilwards sufficiently to clear the northern extremity of the Reserve. - The western part of Line J should be bent to the north, introducing the bend at the intersection with Line 1. - The west end of Line K should be terminated at the Reserve boundary. It is furthier recommended that the work is carried out in the period January/February-March in order to avoid conflicts with agricultural activities and the huntilig period. Bao Bolon Special Reserve. Bao Bolon River valley is an important wetland for migratory birds moving betveen Saloum National Park and this area. The most sensitive period is from September and as long as open water can be found. The river is normally dry in the dry season, but some years open water has been noted also in the dry period. Hunting is allowed in Bao Bolon from September-December. One seismic line is planied to cross the southern part of the reserve. Proposed mitigation measures. To prevent any negative impact on the area it is recommended to terminate at the boundaries of the reserve (see Fig. 3.2). It is furthier recommended that all activities take place in the period January/February-March. Hunting in the area is terminated in December. Classified forest and sylvo-pastoral reserves (graziig reserves) in the northern part of the seismic acquisition area: One classified forests (Foret de Boulierobe) and three sylvo-pastoral reserves (Reserve sylvo-pastorale de Mpal Merinagliene, Reserve sylvo-pastorale de Boulel, 12  Reserve sylvo-pastorale de Deali) might be affected by the seismic survey. Trees and bushes are sparsely distributed in these areas. Explanation Biosphere S III Classified forest *g:r 5 National park Nature reserve .a.;-. r ghei 'e 11 - 1 Sylvo-pastoral = reserve 4, f^.-ss$|_ _ /. _ Sii -.--- t4,. ~~~~~~~~ . TIJouA * *.bIT,. -~ , , 'I t. jils '4 ju S2 , ;K . . '1 ff |i,;4 .,eI USE A !. > . +iourbeti ~~~- '' F ILL I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~k Salom ewe~' '' Saloumn National - + j a< -S T iEt.-E i /en BX2dy' "'~ Figure 3.2. National parks, nature reserves and classified forests in the influence area. The proposed seismic acquisition lines are marked in red. Proposed alternative routes or changes of seismic lines that affect protected areas are shown. Blue lines = proposed alternative routes, white lines = areas that should be excluded from the seismic survey, blue arrows = show the proposed direction for line movements. Proposed mitigation measurements: Due to the low density of trees in Foret de Boulierobe and the three sylvo-pastoral reserves, it will be possible to perform the seismic survey through these areas with a minimum of damage on the forests. It is assumed that cutting of trees is avoidable. However, should it be impossible to perform the seismic survey in Foret de Boulierobe without cutting of trees, line F (see Fig. 3.2) should be moved south of the classified area by inserting a dog leg bend in the line (three bends). 13  The work should be perforned at the end of the dry season, wheni the vegetation cover on the ground is at a minimumiL. Due to this, removal of the top soil layer will be uniecessary. The livestock, kept by the semi-nomadic Peul people, graze the areas in the northierin, sandy pastoral zone durinig the rain season. The lherds are moved to the sylvo-pastoral reserves in the soutil east of the influence area in the dry season. Classified forests in the southern part of the seismic acquisition area: Six classified forests (Foret de Malka, Foret de Mahekor, Foret de Birkelane, Foret de Velor, Foret de Djilor and Foret de Keur Maktar) may be affected by the seismic survey. Foret de Makehor and Foret de Malka are not dense, and are similar to the forests in the northern part of the inflLence area. Foret de Birkelane is affected by the railroad in the souther-n part of the protected area. The seismic acquisition line is planned to be located in this part of the forest. The seismic suL-vey will not have significanit environmenltal impacts in these areas, provided that it is car-ied out in accordance with the recommendations given under "General concerins" above. The vegetation in Foret de Velor, Foret de Djilor and Foret de Keur Maktar is dense, at least in their central parts. Seismic recording will require cutting of trees if the work has to be done outside of existing roads. Due to their limited size, and to a high pressure on these areas caused by exploitation for agricultural and charcoal production, the forests are considered to be sensitive for any additional damaging activities. Proposed l?itigation measurements. Foret de A'falka and Foret de Mahekor. These forests are not dense, and it is assumed that seismic operations can take place with a minimum of destruction of the forests. Proposed working period is January/February-March. Should it be impossible to perform the seismic survey without cutting trees in the classified forests, the following changes are recommended: - Foret de Makehor: insert a dog leg bend (three bends) in Line I (see Fig. 3.2) to pass the forest area to the west. - Foret de Malka: insert a dog leg bend (three bends) in Line 2 (see Fig. 3.2) to pass the forest area to the east. Forel de Birkelane. The proposed seismic line affects the southiern edge of Foret de Birkelane, an area whiere the forest is degraded due to the railroad and agricultural activities. It is not assumed that the seismic survey will have any significant environmental impact in this part of Foret de Birkelane. Proposed working period is January/February-March. Foret de Keur Maktar. This is a small, dense Acacia forest, less influenced by tree cutting and agriculture than other forests in the southern part of the seismic area. It will not be possible to perform seismic acquisition in the forest without Cuttilng of trees. Because of its pristine character, limited size and the lack of existing roads througIl the forest it is recommended that the seismic line is moved outside this forest (see Fig. 3.3). Proposed working period is January/February-March. Foret de Velor, Foret de Djilor. These forests are small and strongly influenced by human activities. A road intersects Foret de Velor, and it is recommended that the seismic recordings are performed along this road. Any activities in the central, well preserved parts of the forest should be avoided. The same recommendations are also valid for Foret de Djilor, where roads are located on the western and eastern borders of the forest (see Fig. 3.3). Proposed working period is January/February-Marcih. 14  Figure 3.3 describes the proposed alternative routes for the seismic lines that affect the forests of Keur Maktar, Velor and Djilor. I~~~~~ ,' f / 3ea1g_.o >1 /0;>_kWo I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ic1 -* . _; | 211 LBbouk ) rGar. hff lisnDr| o- ., _.s INui.ru;ij \ b/ rni left), Foret de Velor (in the middle) and F-K< frvso d urMa e rio r F 3 3icy: t DIGYO 50ssi fc proposed that the existing road hrouahtheforestisused. For Foret d- D-i-ris t reco n jI theexistingroadeas of the forest is cusedThetraffic ontheseroadsisnotdense.tisfuda rtbhr pro . . , d ig-sic-ls4s? 1 s4>/ w % } t ~~~~~~~21 ,0 Figure 3.3. Originally proposed routes for the seismic lines (in red) that affect Foret the Djilor (to the left), Foret de Velor (in the middle) and Foret de Keur Maktar (to the right). For Foret de Velor is it proposed that the existing road through the forest is used. For Foret de Djilor is it recommended that the existincg road east of the forest is used. The traffic on these roads is not dense. It is further proposed to move the seismic line in Foret de Keur Maktar to a location south of the forest. 3.4.1 Measures in the planning phase - Petrosen 's responsibilities 1 Apply for necessary environmental regulation authorizations to work in or close to protected areas Comments: Application with detailed project description to be sent to The Ministry of Environment, with copies to the Directorate of Environment, the Directorate of Water and Forest and the Directorate for National Parks. Responsibility: Petrosen Reference to World Bank Safeguard Policies: OP/BP/GP 4.04 - Natural Habitats relevant regu- lations/guide- Senegal Law No. 98-03, The Forest Code lines 15  2 Inforn and notify regional and local governments Commenits: Arr-anlge for infor-milationi meetings with the regional and local goverinments. Present project plans and operational conditionis given by the environimental autIlorities. Establish contact with responsible persons for detailed planning of activities in protected areas. Responsibility: Petrosen References to Senegal Law No. 96-06, completed by Law No. 96-07, regardiig relevant regu- transfer of autilority to the regions, munlicipalities and local lations/guide- communities. lines 3 Inform contractor of all environmental regulatory authorization terms and conditions Comments: Copies of all regulatory authorizations shall be forwarded to the contractor for on-site for review and guidance purposes. Responsibilitv: Petrosen 3.4.2 Measutres in the operationalphase - the contractors responsibilities 1 Work in sensitive or protected areas Guidelines Work in sensitive areas shall be carried out ulider supervision and in cooperation with local representatives. No trees shall be cut. Fence or post sigins should be applied to limit the use of access roads Restrictions on soil removal shall be applied. No basecamps or staging areas should be established in sensitive or protected areas Responsibility: Contractor Reference to World Bank Safeguard Policies: OP/BP/GP 4.04 - Natural Habitats relevanit regu- Ilations/guide- Senegal Law No. 98-03, The Forest Code lines Guidelines for work in sensitive and protected areas should be included in the contractors environmenital operating procedures. 16  U 3.5 Work in areas withi historical monuiments 5 A number of historical sites are located in the regions affected by the seismic survey. These are listed in Appendix II. Historical battlefields, archaeological grave mounds and other archaeological sites might be located in the influence area. Local authiorities shall be 5 contacted to inform the operator of the detailed locations of these historical sites, and to advice on mitigating measurements. 3.5.1 Measures in the planning phase - Petrosen 's responsibilities S I Local authorities shall be consulted prior to any seismic activities in, or close to, historical sites. * Comments: Contact Bureau d'Architecture des Monuments Historiques (BAMH) regarding the detailed locations of historical sites that may be affected by the seismic acquisition. Conditions for working in areas with historical sites should be obtained. Responsibility: Petrosen 5 2 Inform contractor of locations, terms and conditions for working in areas with historical sites Comments: Copies of all regulatory guidelines and authorizations shall be forwarded to the contractor for on-site for review and guidance purposes. * Responsibility: Petrosen . 3.6 Work in streams and waterways General issues I Activities in streams and waterways can have an impact on water quality by adding sediment to the stream, and by physically altering stream banks. No seismic operatioins, a part from j crossings, shiould be conducted closer than 45 m from the banks of any watercourse or lake. Ii 33.6.1 Mitigation measuires Procedures for stream crossings shall be developed by the contractor, and approved by