China - Seventh Railway Project - environmental assessment

E-245 A Report on Environmeni impact of ,wuchag - Guagzhou Ralway CacEending Project Using World Bank (The Version of 1998). c-rn C= rn, 4th Survey and Design Instte, MOR am A EIA Certificat NI 0185 of Slat EPA November 1998 Wuhan.  Supplementary Description of A REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF WUCHANG-GUANGZHOU RAILWAY CAPACITY EXTENDING PROJECT USING WORLD BANK LOAN (TIIE VERSION OF 1998) On 1998/12n7, the environmental expert Mr.Somani proposed some recommendations on the modification of this report at the Beijing Office of World Bank. On the basis of these, the report maker, the 4"' Survey and Design Institute of MOR, made the modifications and supplements. Now the specific contents are attached as follows (Details are shown in Appendix I - 4) and will be used as part of the report and submitted together to World Bank. The modifications and supplements are mainly in 4 aspects as follows: 1. On Table A-2 It is required that the cost of land acquisition, house removal and resident settlement shall be separated from the environmental investment of ecological part in Table A-2. Therefore, all the data in the table are rechecked. The modified Table A-2 is shown in Appendix 1. 2. On the issue of ventilation In Clause IV of Item 111, the description of installing air-conditioners and ventilators is lost in the English translation. The corrected translation of the original report is shown in Appendix 2. 3. On the noise control measures and effects It is required that a column of effects produced by the noise control measures shall be added in Table E-4. As a result, the modified Table E-4 is shown in Appendix 3. 4. On the supplements of the schools and hospitals along the line The schools listed in the original report are based on the noise level of 6OdBA. These schools, which are seriously disturbed by the railway noise, are to be provided with specific protection measures. The schools and hospitals slightly disturbed by the railway noise and with the noise level less than 6OdBA, which may not be provided with protection measures, have not been listed in the report. It is required that all the schools about 100m far from the line should be supplemented and whether protection measures should be provided or not according to a criteria of 55dBA. Therefore, Appendix 4 summarizes the schools and hospitals about JOOm far from the line and the impacts on them and puts forward corresponding measures.It is necessary to point out that the measures proposed in Appendix 4 are the measures based on the criteria of 55dBA.If it is considered with 6OdBA approved by the State Bureau of Environmental Protection, all the measures may be canceled. Appendix 1 Environmental Protection Facilities and Investment Table A-2 Investment Items Environmental Protection Facilities (10 thousa d yuan) Wuchang- Henyang- Hengyang Guangzhou Laying heavy long welded rails on part of the line; closing corridors of school buildings of Hengyang Noise Railway 7th Primary School, Shaoguan Railway 2nd Primary School, Guangzhou Railway 4th 175 178.3 Primary School and Railway 2nd Middle school; Mounting noise absorbers on air compressors in loco depots; Closing part of lines in Yueyang, Changsha and Zhuzhou. Water* Waste Water treatment facilities for loco depots and 295.0 90.0 loco tumaround depots Atmosphere Mounting fume cleaning equipment for newly Included in Included added boilers The boiler in the boiler  Ecology** Borrow-pit protection; subgrade side slope 1778.3 1212.5 protection; afforestation of land Total 2248.3 1480.8 *Details of waste water treatment facilities are shown in Table A-3; ** The cost of land acquisition, house removal and resident settlement is detailed in Table E-20. Appendix 2 The III paragraph: [1. The above analysis shows that the noise impact is a major disturbance to the Hengyang No.7 Railway School, Shaoguan No.2 Railway School, Guangzhou No.4 Railway School and Guangzhou No.2 Railway High School. It is required that protection measures should be adopted for the above-mentioned schools. In consideration of the schools' locations in densely-populated area, for convenience of railway staff's children's going to schools and difficulties of the school's relocation, it is required to enclose corridor windows on all floors of the school's teaching buildings and install air-conditioner and ventilation facilities in classrooms. All these mitigation measures will reduce railway noise by 15 - 2OdBA. The cost is estimated in Table E-7. Appendix 3 Forecasting Values of Environmental Noise for Major Schools Table E-4 Scale Noise Forecasting Values (Number Distance Present Values Forecasting Values Out of level Control after Noise Control Measures School of form (dBA) (dBA) (dBA) Measures'cost Taken Name Teachers Line (104) and (m) Day Night Day Night Day Night Day Night Students) Hengyang No.7 Railway 530 10 66.7 62.6 67.4 63.9 7.4 13.9 26.0 52.4 48.9 School Shaoguan No.2 Railway 480 50 67.9 68.9 67.0 68.5 7.0 18.5 26.0 52.0 53.5 School Guangzhou No.4 Railway 700 60 73.8 62.3 73.2 62.5 13.2 12.5 36.6 58.2 47.5 School Guangzhou No.2 Railway 940 30 74.1 63.0 73.4 63.2 13.4 13.2 38.7 58.4 48.2 High School _  Statistics of Schools and Hospit Is along Wuch ng-Guangzhou Railway and the Explanation of Railway Noise impact Appendix 4-1 The Background Forecasted Noise Considered With 55dBA Kilome- Nearest Noise N Name terage Point to the 2000 2005 Note of the Surroundings Estimated o Line Day night Day Night Day Night Control Measures Cost (m) I_(10 0) Xianning Between the college and the line, there are Along the one side of the line, a Normal College K1291 buildings and the Wuchang-Puqi highway : noise-absorbing barrier will be +250 85 60.8 57.9 61.8 58.5 62.2 58.9 the classrooms are more than 120m apart from provided. It is forecasted that the 20 I the line. noise will be reduced by __._._. 5-IOdBA. Wangjiabao Between the school and the line, there is a hill Primary School K1328 125 55.5 50.5 56.2 51.0 56.8 52.0 with a relative height difference of 8 m . No measure will be taken. 2 in Puqi +550 Puqi High The teaching building is about 160 m far from School K1334 40 59.0 55.0 59.8 57.5 60.1 58.0 the line; this section is a deep cutting ranging Planting trees on the top of the 0.2 3 +000 I from 6 to 16 m. ctitting. Jianshe Primary Along the one side of the line, a School in K1369 Between the school and the line, there are two noise-absorbing barrier will be Linxiang +350 80 56.0 52.1 58.5 52.5 59.0 53.0 rows of buildings. provided. It is forecasted that the 10.0 4 County noise will be reduced by _ _________ _______ 5-IOdBA. Yuecheng Along the one side of the line, a School in K1424 Between the school and the line, there are noise-absorbing barrier will be Yueyang +400 100 62.5 58.0 63.0 59.8 63.3 60.4 some houses and the enclosing wall of the provided. It is forecasted that the 40.0 5 station. noise will be reduced by _______ .____ ________ 5-lOdBA. University of This section is a deep cutting with a depth of Science And K1559 8m. On the top of the cutting, there is a 2.5m Technology For +200 30 55.0 54.0 60.2 60.2 60.9 60.5 high enclosing wall. Within the scope of Planting trees on the top of the National 30-200m from the line are dormitories; cutting. 0.6 6 Defense in beyond that scope are teaching buildings. I Changsha_ . Statistics of Schools and Hos itals along Wu hang-Guangzhou Railway nd the Explanation of Railway Noise Impact Appendix 4-2 The Background Forecasted Noise Considered With 55dBA No Name Kilome- Nearest Noise terage Point to the 2000 2005 Note of the Surroundings Estimated Line (m) Day Night Day Night Day Night Control Measures Cost (10') Affiliated Along the one side of the line, a School of K1634 Between the school and the line, there are 1-2 noise absorbing barrier will be 7 Zhuzhou +400 70 59.5 56.8 60.0 57.3 60.2 57.5 rows of houses densely distributed. provided. It is forecasted that the 20.0 Ignition Plug noise will be reduced by Factory 5 - I Od5BA. Along the one side of the line, a Zhuting K1676 noise absorbing barrier will be 8 Railway High +100 100 56.0 52.5 58.5 54.0 59.3 54.8 Between the school and the line, there are two provided. It is forecasted that the 20.0 School rows of houses. noise will be reduced by 5-lOdBA. The Clinic of This section is a II m deep cutting; and the 9 Yunshi in K1769 40 59.0 54.0 59.5 56.0 60.2 57.5 clinic has no inpatient service. No measure will be taken. Zhuzhou +300 I Chenzhou Between the school and the line, 10 Commercial K1899 30 60.5 58.0 61.5 59.0 61.8 59.5 there is a highway; and this section is a 13m Planting trees on the top of the 0.6 School +600 deep cutting. cutting. I'ingshi I_There're three rows of houses and a highway No measure will be taken. ...  Railway High K1960 110 60.2 58.2 61.0 58.8 61.5 59.2 separate the school and the line. School +310 _ _ . Along the one side of the line, a Pingshi K1960 There are a row of house and a highway noise absorbing barrier will be 12 Railway +500 60 60.5 58.5 62.2 59.5 62.5 60.0 between the school and the line. provided. It is forecasted that the 20.0 Primary noise will be reduced by School . . . 5-1Odl3A. Statistics of Schools and Hospitals along Wuchang-Guangzhou Railwa and the Explanation of Railway Noise impact Appendix 4-3 The Background Forecasted Noise Considered With 55dBA Kilome- Nearest Noise No Name terage Point to the 2000 2005 Note of the Surroundings Estimated Line Day night Day Night Day Night Control Measures Cost (m) I(104 Qujiang 3nd Between the school and the line, there are 1-2 13 High School K2033 80 59.8 54.0 60.5 56.0 60.8 56.5 rows of densely arranged houses and a No measure will be taken. in Shaoguan +350 highway. Lishi Primary Between the school and the line, there are 1-2 14 School in K2033 90 59.5 54.3 60.5 56.2 61.0 56.7 rows of densely arranged houses and a No measure will be taken. Shaoguan +450 highway. Shaoguan 15 Railway K2047 40 62.0 55.0 64.0 57.5 64.3 58.0 This section is a 18m deep cutting. Planting trees on the top of the 0.2 hospital +350 cutting. Shakou High Along the one side of the line, a School in K2096 80 Between the school and the line, there are noise-absorbing barrier will be 16 Yinde +900 57.0 53.0 58.5 53.8 59.5 54.5 some houses and the enclosing wall of the provided. It is forecasted that the 15.0 station. noise will be reduced by 5- IOdBA. Lianjian-kou Along the one side of the line, a High School K2152 Between the school and the line, there are 1-2 noise-absorbing barrier will be 17 +150 100 57.5 52.8 58.8 53.5 59.8 54.5 rows of houses. provided. It is forecasted that the 10.0 noise will be reduced by 5-IOdBA. Yuantan Along the one side of the line, a Railway K2198 Between the school and the line, there are 2 noise-absorbing barrier will be 18 Primary +330 70 56.5 53.0 57.8 53.8 58.5 54.0 rows of houses and the enclosing wall of the provided. It is forecasted that the 10.0 School station noise will be reduced by Total 166.6 Note: (1)"55dBA" is an analysis index added according to the requirement of the expert from World Bank. (2) The reason why "No measure will be taken" for the schools and hospitals is that the railway noise is less than the background noise.  Contents A. Sur-mary ...............................................- I A. I Brief Description ................................................................................................I A . 2 Conclusions .4----........-....-..........--........-.... ............................. 4 A . 3 Measures and Recomnendations .- 7 B. Policy Decision,Laws and Administrative Frame .---------------.-.g9 B.1 Policy Decision .9......................................... 9 B.2 Laws and Regulations .9-................- . 9 B. 3 Assessment Standard .9.............................-.-.-.----.--.- ..-............... 9 B.4 Administration Frane .16 C. Introduction of the Project . 19 C. General Description .19 C.2 Construction Analysis .*-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------36 C. 3 Identification and Screening of the Environmnent Impact of the Project .*- 37 C.4 Energy and Water Consumption and Total Pollutant Discharge Volume . 41 D. Description of the Environment .-.................................... 45 D . I Natural Ec ological Environment ................................. - . - .- 45 D .2 Social and Cultural Environnent ..............................................................................-46 D .3 Analysis of Environmental Status along the Line ...........................................................-48 E. EIA Forecast .. 63 E. 1 Environment Irnpact during Construction Period ............................................................-63 E.2 Environment Impact Forecast for Operation Period .68 E .3 Socio - Cultural Environmental Impact .................................. -.- 92 F. Review of the Alternative Scheme .106  F. 1 Alternative Scheme for Subgrade . 106 F.2 Optimization of Station Facilities .107 F.3 Optimization of Tractive Power Supply and Substation Facilities .*.--. 107 G. Mitigation Measures . *........................................108 G. I Measures of Environmental Protection Plan during Construction Period .108 G-2 Environment Protection Measures during Operation . 109 G. 3 Measures of Land Acquisition, Relocation and Resettlement .*.*.*-.*.*.*.*.*.*.*-.*.*113 G.4 Capital Assessment of Environmental Protection Measure .114 H. Envirounental Managerent and Training .120 H. I Mar,agement .120 H.2 Training Program .122 1. Monitoring Program .123 1. 1 Monitoring in Construction Period . 123 1 . 2 Monitoring in Operation Period . 124 1.3 Monitoring of Resettlement . 125 1.4 Monitoring of Induced Development . 125 J. Public Involvement Including Non - Governrmental Groups .126 J. I Holding Mleetings .126 J.2 Soliciting Opinions from Related Department .126 1.3 Soliciting Opinions from Affected Residents and Units .127 List of References and Data . 130 Appendix: .*---.... ---.. ----.... ---------------------------..-------------------------------------*---.130 1 . Name list 2. Documents of Units and Non - Governmental Organizations 2  A. Summary A. I Brief Desription 1 . Wuchang - Guangzhou Railway Line is a part of Beijing - Cuangzhou Railway, which goes from south to north and is a main artery of transportation in China. It starts frorn the north of Wuchang, ends at the south of Guangzhou, crossing three provinces - Hubei, Huiian and Guiangdong, and connecting cities - Wuhan, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Hengyang and Guangzhou . The line is an important trunk line in central south arca of China linking up central, north, northeast, northwest, east China and southwest areas. The single track railway line from Wuhan to Hengyang was built at the beginning of this century and it was double - tracked in the 1970s. The single track railway line from Hengyang to Guangzhou was built in the middle of the 1930s and it was double - tracked in 1988. Since 1978, China has speeded up its pace of reforTn and opening to the outside world and the national economy in Guangdong, Hubei and Hunan have been developing rapidly, thus causing passenger and freight traffic volumes in the three provinces increasing sharply. Growth rates of railway passenger and freight tumover were 8.3% and 20.7% respectiyely in these three provinces in the year 1991, being about 2.5 times as much as those of China's average growth rates of passenger and freight turnover. The design capacity of the line is lower than the actually transported volume.. Railway stations and line capacity are far from satisfying the increasing demands of transportation. Thus it is badly in need of expansion. 2. According to the reply of the State Planning Comnmission document No JJ ( 1983 ) 14 on Electrification Design of Zhenzhou - Wuchang Section and Hengyang - Guangzhou Section of Beijing - Guangzhou Railway line and the notice of the Planning Department MOR - JC 1N ( 1992 ) 102 on Feasibilitv Study of Electuification Reconstruction Project of the Wuchang - Hengyang Section of the Beijing - Guangzhou Railt.sav Line, the 4th Survey and Design Institute of MOR drafted the Feasibility Study of the Wuhan - Hengyang Section and Concise Prelirninary Design of Hengyang - Guangzhou Section for the Electrification Reconstruction Project of the Wuchang - Guangzhou Section in 1992. On the basis of it, the Feasibility Study Report of the Expansion Prject of Wuhan - Guangzhou Section Using the 7th World Bank Loan was reported. With on the related technical parameters of the report of 1994 version, the EIA of Wuchang- Guangzhou Railway Capacity Expansion Project using World Bank Loan was completed and submitted to the World Bank in May 1994. 3. According to the notice of IOR - NQ JC (1998) 23 on Revised Technical Design of Eicetrification Reconstruction of the Wuchang - Guangzhou Section of the Beijing - Guangzhou Railway Line, which has adjusted the contents and design principle of this project. It has made clear that the design of electrification should make use of the existing equipment and facilities so as to minimize the technical reconstruction project. It I  has adjusted the passenger and freight traffic volume on the principle of Beijing - Guangzhou Railway Line taking passenger traffic as its main service and Beijing - Jiulong Railway Line taking the freight traffic as its main service. The 4th Survey and Design Institute of MOR has revised the ELA of 1994 version, newly predicted and assessed the environmental impact caused by the change of the project and has adjusted and supplemented the related chapters. 4. The main technical conditions of the line before and after capacity expansion are shown in Table A - 1. The main construction projects are as follows: * Electrification of the whole section (Details are shown in Tab c - 5 - c - 10) * Local construction and expansion for stations and yards and siding expansion for intennediate stations (Details are shown in Tab c - 5 - c - 10) * Local reconstruction for track and bridge (Details are shown in Tab c - 5 - c - 10) * New Construction and reconstruction for locomotives, communication and signalling, power supply and others (Details are shown in Tab c - 5 - c - 10) . The total investment of the project is RMB 6871.90 million yuan. It is estimated to acquire 154 hectares of land, relocate 171955 m2 of houses and resettle 8668 persons. 2  Table A - I Technical conditions of Wuchang - Guaigzhou Line Wuchang - Hengyang Hengyang - Guangzhou Items Present Design Standard for Present Design Standard for Status Capacity Expansion Status Capacity Expansion Track Class I Class I Class Track Double tracks Double tracks Track Levgth(km) 517.7 526.6 Min Curve 1000 in general in al 800 1000 in general Radius(m) 400 mrin 400 rnin Ruling Grade 66% 69%o6 6%o Max. 12. 1%o Reserved out - gauge Max. 8.9%o Reserved oult - gauge Effective Length 850 850 af A- D Track(m) Reserved 1050 850 Reserved 1050 850 Automatic Automatic Automatic Automatic Type of Blocking 8 min 7Amai 8 min 7 A nai Electric traction Diesd(Chenzhou- Electric traction Type of Traction Diesel diesel shunting Saouan electric) diesel shunting Freigh~t - DF4 of I~ Freight - DF4 Freight SS4 Pa&qenger - ND2 Freight SS4 Type of Loco . Passenger - ND2 Passenger SS8 (Cherizhou - Passenger SS8 iaoguan SS1) Tonnage Rating(t) 3500 4000 3500 4000 Direct Mode of Direct r (Chenzou - Direct Power Supply Sbga) Passenger 2000 35 - 52 44 - 50 Train 23 - 42 37 - 47 42 - 58 51 - 56 2005 Freight 2000 5800 - 8200 | 5600- 6600 Volume 4607 - 7983 4680 - 6394 4 5 ( 104t) Year 4800 - 7300 4900 - 5800 3  A.2 Conclusions A.2.1 Environment status f 5. By summarizing the investigation and monitoring results of various environrmental elemeni% on the basis of the current status, Wuhan - Guangzhou Railway passes through the following mrajor cities as Wuchang, Yueyang, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Hengyang, Shaoguang and Guangzhou. In passing thomugh these cities, usually there are dense residential quarters, schools, kindergardens and other sensitive facilities on both sides of the line. Train operation, narshalling and whistle of locomotive servicing operations in the city areas make the Leq value of a distance 30m away from main stations and lines approach or exceed the required railway boundary noise limit value of 70 dBA. At the sane time,ssmoke dust produced by operation in narshalling yards and district stations causes unfavorable effect on atmospheric environment nearby. In short, railway operation impact on environmnent is mainly concentrated in city areas and station areas where marshalling yard and district station are located. 6. Except the Shaoguan Locornotive Depot, all depots have their oil - contained waste water treated to meet the discharging standard of contaninants produced from locomotive and car inspection and repair and locomnotive servicing operation before discharging. Therefore, the function of the receiving water will not be changed. 7. In Wuchang, Changsha, Guangzhou, Zhuzhou and other major cities, the field strengih of TV signal is quite strong, reaching or approaching the normal requirement of receiving and watching in most cases. In Hengyang, Leiyang, Chenzhou, Shaoguan and Xinjie stations, the field strength of TV signal of several channels is rather low and does not reach the national standard. Moreover, electromagnetic waves emitted from welding machines and hgih pressure switches cause a rather high radio interference background noise and the signal noise ratio lower than 35dB in most cases. These conditions have already affected the residents to watch TV nonnally. 8. At present, passenger trains running on Wuchang - Guangzhou Line discharge 28010. 8 tons of refuse and 528.6 x 104 fast food boxes every year. Because the railway transportation administrations have enhanced administering the passenger train refuse, especiallv collecting the boxes, the White - Contamination - Belt along the railway line has been basically controlled. 9.The Leq value of a distance 30m away from the outside rail on several sections of Wuchang - Cuangzhou Railway Line is 0.8 - 9.8dB(A) more than the noise value stipulated by the standard due to the noise released by locomoiive whistle and train operation. The impacted area mainly concentrates in city areas where the line passes through and the residents closer to the line are disturbed by the noise for some historical reasons. Most of the line are in the countryside field wlhere there are few sensitive facilities, so, basically, there are no disturbance. 10. The environmental vibration value at 30m away from the both outside rails will be lower than the value of 80 4  dB stipulated in the "Urban Area Environmental Vibration Standards". A.2.2 Environmental forecast 11. Prediction and calculation show that the opening of the electrified railway will bring about a large increase of field strenth of instantaneous electomagnetic interference when an electric locomotive passes through the residential area and cause a drop of signal noise ratio of TV at a different extent. In Xinjie, Chenzhou, Leiyang and other cities, several TV channels will be affected when an electric locornotive passes by. Since thc passing time of a locomotive is only 6 - 12 seconds and if it is 71 - 94 pairs locomotives per day in near the year 2000 and 84 - 104 pairs locomotives per day the year 2005, the time- interference ratio will be about 1.9 - 2.7% . That means residents' watching TV have 97 % of the time free from the interference of the electric locomotives. The main reason for several TV channels affected is the weak field strength of the TV signals. Since most stations along the line are now setting up or have set up closed - circuit TV networks, the project will not give much affect to TV watching. Based on GB8702 - 88 "Regulation on Electromagnetic Radiation Protection" and related foreign infornation, it is predicted that high frequency electromagnetic radiation and powerful electric field of industrial frequency coming from power supplying network of the contact system, traction substation and traction power switching on - off station will not cause significant influence on human health. 12. After the completion of the project, the total number of train pairs will be basically unchanged. The rnning speed will be a little bit raised. Therefore, the wheel - rail noise will still be the main noise pollutioni source of the railway sections. The wagon running noise is larger than that of the coach. As the proportion of the number of wagon pairs to the total numnber of train pairs decreases, even if the train running speed has a bit increase, the overall noise level will be basically the same as the corrent status, for the latter is offset by the formner. 13. The production sewage of Wuchang - Guangzhou Railway Line is rnainly from the locomotive depot and tumaround depot. Before and after the expansion of most stations and points such as Changsha, Zhuzhou, ete, the value of change for the water quality and quantity does not exceed