India - Private Infrastructure Finance (IL&FS) Project : environmental and social report (Vol. 4 of 6) : Tirupur Area Development Program - environmental & social assessment

|FINAL| Roads and Buildings Department Government of Gujarat 't I L3-FS Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Lirmiled Detailed Feasibility Study of Widening and Strengthening of Vadodara Halo} Road on a Commercial Format Volume 3 Environmental Impact Assszmeont Report E-1 21 VOL. 4 Kirloskar Consultants Limited November 1997  TABLE OF CONTENTS Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER-1: INTRODUCTION 1-1 to 1-13 1.1 Background 1-1 1.2 Objectives & Scope of the Detailed Feasibility Study 1-4 1.3 Specific Scope of Environmental Assessment (EA) Study 1-4 1.4 The Project Area 1-5 1.5 Study Approach 1-6 1.6 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 1-8 1.7 Organisation of Report 1-12 CHAPTER-2: PROJECT DETAILS 2-1 to 2-23 2.1 Need for the Project 2-1 2.2 Project Alternatives 2-3 * 2.3 Recommended Alignment for the Project 2-18 CHAPTER-3: BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS 3-1 to 3-67 3.0 Baseline Environmental Status 3-1 3.1 Introduction 3-1 3.2 Meteorology 3-1 3.3 Air Quality 3-14 3.4 Noim tevBI survey 3-26 35 J3-33 3.6 Landuse Pattern 3-37 3.7 Soil Characteristics 3-37 3.8 Geology, Hydrology and Hydrogeology 3-41 * 3.9 Terrestrial Ecology 3-45 3.10 Aquatic Ecology 3-55 3.11 Industries 3-57 3.12 Socio-economic Aspects 3-59 CHAPTER-4: IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4-1 to 4-45 4.0 Impact Assessment 4-1 4.1 Introduction 4-1 4.2 Construction and Operational Phase 4-2 4.3 Impact on Physical Resources 4-2 4.4 Impact on Environmental Resources 4-3 4.5 Impact on Ecological Resources 4-29 4.6 Impact on Human Use Values 4-30 4.7 Other Issues 4-32 4.8 Summary of Impacts of the Project 4-44 Kirloskar Consultants Limited  TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER-5: PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 5-1 to 5-7 5.0 Project and No Project Scenarios 5-1 5.1 Background 5-1 5.2 No Project Scenario 5-1 5.3 This Project Scenario 5-2 5.4 Conclusions 5-3 CHAPTER-6: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 6-1 to 6-20 6.0 Environment Management Plan 6-1 6.1 Introduction 6-1 6.2 Impact During Construction Phase 6-1 6.3 Impact During Operational Phase 6-6 6.4 Environment Management Plan 6-8 6.5 Institutional Arrangements 6-10 6.6 Risk Assessment 6-11 6.7 Budgetary Cost Estimates for Environment Protection 6-12 ANNEXURE I - RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN Anx.1-1 to Anx. I -15 1.1 Objectives of Social Assessment Study Anx.1-1 1.2 Study Process Anx.I-1 1.3 Progression of the Study Anx.1-2 1.4 Minimisation of Adverse Social Impact Anx.1-2 1.5 Land Acquisition for Widening of ROW Anx.1-3 1.6 Legal Procedure for LA Anx.1-5 1.7 R&1B PoTicy Anx.1-6 .B8 Coveraeisf nae smc ProfiUe Survey af@ -.48 1.9 Coverage of Public Informationam Consultation A.J8 1.10 Modifications in RAP Anx 1-9 1.11 Resettlement Action Plan Anx.1-9 1.12 Entitlement Package Anx.1-9 1.13 Institutional Arrangement for Implementing the RAP Anx.1-1 1 ANNEXURE 11- PUBLIC INFORMATOIN & CONSULTATIONS Anx. 11-1 to Anx. 11-15 1.0 Public Information and Consultations Anx 11-1 1.1 Introduction Anx.11-1 1.2 PIC Process Anx.1l-1 1.3 PIC - Findings and Follow-up Anx.11-2 1.4 Modifications in RAP Anx.il-12 1.5 Concluding Remarks Anx.11-12 APPENDICES 3.1 Meteorological Data 3.2 Ambient Air Quality Field Survey Data 3.3 Noise Monitoring Data Kirloskar Consultants Limited ii  TABLE OF CONTENTS 3.4 Water Quality Monitoring Data 3.5 Ecology Data 4.1 Air Quality Simulation Results 6.1 Landscaping Scheme MoEF QUESTIONNAIRE Kirloskar Consultants Limited - .;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.i  LIST OF IAdL=i Table 1.1 Environmental Attributes Covered under Field Studies 1-7 Table 1.2 Environmental Attributes Covered under Secondary Data 1-8 Table 1.3 Key Environmental Legislation 1-10 Table 1.4 National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1-11 Table 1.5 National Ambient Air Noise Standards 1-11 Table 2.1 Traffic Projections 2-2 Table 2.2 Highway Design Standards 2-3 Table 2.3 Environmental and Social Impacts for the Improved Alignment along the Existing Carriageway 2-15 Table 2.4 Environmental and Social Impacts due to the Alternative Alignments Formulated 2-16 Table 2.5 Utilization of the tank at Khandewadi Village 2-17 Table 2.6 Location of Borrow Areas Identified for Road Construction 2-19 Table 2.7 - Scheduling of Major Activities 2-23 Table 3.1 Climatological Data - IMD Vadoadara (1986-95) 3-2 'Table 3.2 Seasonal Wind Speed and Direction 3-3 .;;K Table 3.3 Meteorological Parameters Monitored at Site 3-10 Table 3.4 Summary of Meteorological Data Generated at Site 3-11 Table 3.5 Details of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations 3-16 Table 3.6 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Results (24 hrly averages) 3-21 Table 3.7 Traffic Count During Continuous Monitoring Near Anandpura Village 3-23 Table 3.8 Traffic Count During Continuous Monitoring Near Baska Village 3-24 Table 3.9 Ambient Noise Levels 3-30 Table 3.10 Landuse Pattem along the Project Road 3-37 Table 3.11 -4S aazplig Locations 3-38 Table 3.12 Typical Soil Profile of Study Area 3-39 Table 3.13 (A) Soil Analysis Results 3-39 Table 3.13 (B) Lead Content in RoadSide Soils 3-40 Table 3.14 Crops: Yield per Hectare 3-41 Table 3.15 Siz3 classes of Trees along the Existing Highway 3-50 Table 3.16 Status of Trees along the Existing Highway 3-52 Table 3.17 Industries along the Existing Highway 3-58 Table 3.18 Geographical Distribution of Settlements 3-62 Table 3.19 Distribution of Population 3-63 Table 3.20 Distribution of Population by Social Structure 3-64 Table 3.21 Distribution of Literates and Literacy Rates 3-65 Table 3.22 Occupation Structure 3-67 Table 4.1 Potential Environmental impacts of a Highway Project 4-1 Table 4.2 Fuel Consumption for Construction Machinery 4-4 Table 4.3 Estimated Traffic Volume for Eight Hours for 2000 and 2015 A.D. 4-7 cTable 4.4 Speed Corrected Emission Factors in gm/km/vehicle 4-8 Table 4.5 Peak Hourly Prediction Results for CO for 2000 A.D. 4-10 Table 4.6 Peak Hourly Prediction Results for CO for 2015 A.D. 4-11. Table 4.7 Noise Levels Variation with Vehicle Speed 4-21 Kirloskar Consultants Limited iv  LIST OF TABLES Table 4.8 Drop-off Rate Per Doubling of Distance and Corresponding Alpha 4-23 Table 4.9 Predicted Noise Levels at Various Distances 4-23 Table 4.10 Predicted Noise Levels at 'Residential Areas in dB(A) 4-24 Table 4.11 Roads Joining Vadodara-Halol Road and Provision of Crossing Between Service Roads 4-34 Table 4.12 Potential Environmental impacts of Vadodara-Halol Highway Project 4-45 Table 5.1 Traffic Forecasts for No Project Scenario (Vehicles/Day) 5-2 Table 5.2 Pollution Load for No-Build Scenario (Tonnes/Day) 5-4 Table 6.1 Environmental Management Plan - Vadodara-Halol Highway Project 6-9 Table 6.2 -Budgetary Cost Estimates for Environment Protection 6-13 Table 6.3 Action Sheet for Mitigation of Construction Phase Impacts Action Sheet 1 6-14 * Table 6.4 -- --------------do ----------------------- Action Sheet 2 6-15 X Table 6.5 -----------------------do ----------------------- Action Sheet 3 6-16 - Table 6.6 ------------------do ----------------------- Ation Sheet 4 6-17 Table 6.7 -----------------------do ----------------------- Action Sheet 5 6-18 T able 6.8 Action Sheet for Mitigation of Construc6c PraDe Jmpacts Action Sheet 6 6-19 Table 6.9 ---------------------do ----------------------- Action Sheet 7 6-20 ANNEXUREI Table 1 Estimated Land Acquisition for the Project Anx.1-4 Table 2 04MefmtM Frame Work APPENDICES Table A3.1 -1 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Pre- Monsoon, 08:30 hrs) A3.1-1 Table A3.1 -2 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Pre- Monsoon, 017:30 hrs) A3.1-2 Table A3.1 -3 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Mon soon, 08:30 hrs) A3.1-3 Table A3. 1 -4 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Mon soon, 17:30 hrs) A3.1-4 Table A3.1 -5 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Post- Monsoon, 08:30 hrs) A3.1-5 Table A3.1 -6 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Post- Monsoon, 17:30 hrs) A3.1-6 Table A3.1 -7 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Winter, 08:30 hrs) A3.1-7 Table A3.1 -8 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Winter, 17:30 hrs) A3. 1-8 Table A3.1 -9 Percentage Frequency Distribution - IMD Vadodara (Annual, 08:30 hrs) A3.1-9 Kirloskar Consultants Limited v q~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  LIST OF FIGURES Fig. 1.1 Location Map of the Study Area 1-2 - Fig. 1.2 Location Map of Vadodara-Halol Project Road 1-3 Fig. 2.1 Traffic Projections (Unrestricted Growth) 2-3 Fig. 2.2 Landuse along the Project Road 2-4 Fig. 2.3 Typical Cross Section for Option 1 2-7 Fig. 2.4 Typical Cross Section for Option 2 (Base Case) 2-8 Fig. 2.5 Typical Cross Section for Option 3 2-9 Fig. 2.6 Improvement of Horizontal Alignment at Curves in Jarod Village 2-11 Fig. 2.7 Improvement of Horizontal Alignment at Curves in Asoj Village 2-12 Fig. 2.8 Proposed realignment at Khandewadi 2-13 Fig. 2.9 Improvement of Horizontal Alignment at Curves in Baska Village 2-14 Fig. 2.10 Borrow Area Locations 2-20 Fig. 3.1 WindRoses (Pre Monsoon) 3-4 Fig. 3.2 Wind Roses (Monsoon) 3-5 Fig. 3.3 Wind Roses (Post Monsoon) 3-6 Fig. 3.4 Wmd Roses (WirTter) 3-7 Fig. 3.5 Vwid Roses (Annual) 3-8 - J Fig. 3.6 Wid R8ose (Dhanipura) 3-12 Fig. 3.7 Wind Rose (Halol) 3-13 Fig. 3.8 Location Map of Air Quality Monitoring Statioc 3-18 Fig. 3.9 Ambient Air Quality 3-22 Fig. 3.10 Location Map of Noise Monitoring Stations 3-28 Fig. 3.1 1 Ambient Noise Levels in dB(A) 3-32 - Fig. 3.12 Location Map of Water Sampling Statin6 3-35 Fig. 3.13 Geological Map of Vadodara Taluka 3-43 Fig. 3.14 Location Map of Industries along Vadodara - Halol Highway 3-60 Fig. 4.1 Eight Hourly Prediction of CO for '79oing' Scenario 4-14 Fig. 4.2 Eight Hourly Prediction of CO for 'With Project' Scenario 4-15 Fig. 4.3 Peak Hourly Simulation of Nox for Do Nothing' Scenario 4-16 Fig. 4.4 Peak Hourly Simulation of Nox for 'With Project' Scenario 4-17 Fig. 4.5 Predicted Noise Levels for Free flow Condition for 'Do Nothing' Scenario 4-25 Fig. 4.6 Predicted Noise Levels for Free flow Condition for 'With Project' Scenario 4-26 Fig. 4.7A - D Schematic Plan of Access Between Main Carriageway and Service Roads and Road Crossings 4-36 to 4-39 Fig. 4.8 Entry to Main Carriageway 4-40 Fig. 4.9 Exit to Service Road 4-41 Fig. 4.10 Underpss 4-42 Fig. 4.11 U - Turn 4-43 Kirloskar Consultants Limited vii  LIST OF FIGURES APPENDICES Fig. A4.1 - 1 Peak Hourly Prediction of CO for 2000 A.D. - Parallel Wind Case (With Project Scenario) A4.1-2 Fig. A4.1 - 2 -------------------- do ---------------------- (Do Nothing Scenario) A4.1-3 Fig. A4. 1 - 3 Peak Hourly Prediction of CO for 2000 A.D. - Cross Wind Case (With Project Scenario) A4.1-4 Fig. A4.1 - 4 ------------------ do ------------------------ (Do Nothing Scenario) A4.1-5 Fig. A4.1 - 5 Peak Hourly Prediction of CO for 2015 A.D. - Parallel Wind Case (With Project Scenario) A4. 1- 6 Fig. A4.1 - 6 ---------------------- do ---------------------- (Do Nothing Scenario) A4.1-7 Fig. A4.1 - 7 Peak Hourly Prediction of CO for 2015 A.D. - Cross Wind Case (With Project Scenario) A4.1- 8 Fig. A4.1 - 8 --------------------- do ------------------------ (Do Nothing Scenario) A4. 1-9 F4 A6.1 - 1 Typical Cross Section for Project Road with Service Road A6.1-5 MoEF QUESTIONNAIRE Fig. Q. I Location of Stripped Area, Major and Minor Bridges Q-l 1 .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Kirloskar Consultants Limited viii  Environmental Impact Assessment Vadodara - Halol Road Executve Summary Ei--XECUTIVESUMMARY Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services (IL&FS)- awarded M/s. Kirloskar Consultants Limited, Pune the job to carry out the detailed feasibility study of the widening and strengthening of Vadodara-Halol Highway project for implementation of the project on a commercial format. This also involved the environmental viability study which included environmental baseline data generation, preparation of an integrated Environmental and Social Impact Assessment Report (ESAR) documenting major social issues, consequent risks and the suitable action plans and also Environmental Management Plan outlining the measures for improving the environmental quality and budgetary cost estimation for implementation. - 1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Project Type The total length of the project road is 33 km with the initial stretch from km 8/300 to km 34/300 falling in Vadodara and Vaghodia tahsils of Vadodara district while the remaining (km 3413= to km 40/300) falling in Halol tahsil of Panchamahals district. This project being a highway and bridge project has been classsified r# as per The World Bank categorization. The Roads and Building (R&B) Department, :: Govemrnment of Gujarat (GoG) and Infrastructure Leasing and Financial Services Limited (IL&FS) have entered into a Memorapdum df Agreement to develop and implement the widening / strengthening of the Vadodara-Halol section of this state highway (SH87) on a commercial format. 1.2 Need For The Project The traffic studies identify that the-existing two lane carriageway accommodates 18000 Passengers Car Unit (PCU) in a day, which according to standards is close to capacity. The average journey speed observed on the project road is 40 kmph which while considered with limited scope for overtaking fix the level of service as 'poor. Delays are experienced due to cattle crossing and all along the project road and pedestrian crossing at the villages. The friction due to developments at the villages contribute to the reduction in level of service and increase in accidents at these locations. The single carriageway at the current level of service where overtaking becomes risky, also contributes to the reduction in level of safety on the project road. " B Both these districts also wit*ss a high growth of Industries and Small Scale Industrial (SSI) units on a consistent pace which could be largely Kirloskar Consultants Limited 1  Environmental Impact Assessment Vadodara - Halol Road Executive Summary attributed to the attractive policies floated by the governments. As a result of growth induced industrial policies, large scale investments have been forthcoming at a rapid rate. Addition of a two lane carriageway with directional segregation is therefore necessary to enhance the levels of service and safety for projected future traffic. 1.3 Project Components The project mainly consists of strengthening the existing carriageway with a flexible overlay formation with two additional lanes seperated by a median and provision of paved and earthen shoulders and provision of service roads on either side. The bridges and culverts on existing alignment are proposed to be improved or reconstructed depending on the condition. Bridges and cross drainage works are to be constructed -on the new formation. The borrow areas have been identified. The quarries are located at Savalia and Halol which are established quarries for metal. Sand is proposed to be brought from Goma river near HaloL The various alignment options were exai for minimizing the social and environmental impacts at villages - Jarod, Asoj, Khandewadi and Baska and suitable one was recommended 2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS The study area conmprised the area falling wi