Bulgaria - Gender at a glance

March/2015 EUROPE AND CENTRAL ASIA 100402 DEMOGRAPHICS LIVING BELOW US$ 2.50 LIVING BETWEEN US$ 2.50- 5.00 LIVING ABOVE US$ 5.00 GENDER AT A GLANCE POPULATION BY AGE AND POVERTY STATUS (MILLIONS), 2011 BULGARIA Source: World Bank ECATSD using EUSILC. 65-older 55-64 GNI per capita (Atlas Method, US$)1 7,360 (2013) 45-54 Population living below US$2.50 2 5% (2011) 35-44 Population living below US$5.00 2 17% (2011) 25-34 GNI per capita loss due to gender gaps in the 8% (2010) 15-24 labor market 3 0-14 Most recent…. 1.00 0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 Government Gender Action Plan 2009-2015 Women Men 4 Country Gender Assessment 2015 (Forthcoming) 1 2 Source: WDI. World Bank ECATSD using EUSILC. WOMEN 3 EDUCATION Teignier, Marc and David Cuberes (2014). "Aggregate Costs of MEN Gender Gaps in the Labor Market: A Quantitative Estimate." Universitat de Barcelona Economics Working Papers 2014/308. SHARE OF TERTIARY GRADUATES BY AREA OF STUDY (%), 2012 4 World Bank. Source: World Bank Gender Statistics. Education MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOAL PROGRESS Health Ratio of girls to boys in primary 98 (2002) 99 (2012) Humanities and arts education Social science, business and law Ratio of girls to boys in secondary 98 (2002) 96 (2012) Agriculture education Science Ratio of girls to boys in tertiary 124 (2002) 127 (2012) Servi ces education Engineeri ng, manufacturing and constructi on Share of women in wage employment 53% (2002) 50% (2012) in the non-agricultural sector 0% 50% 100% Proportion of seats held by women in 26% (2002) 20% (2015) national parliament WOMEN Source: World Bank Gender Statistics, Inter Parliamentary Union. JOBS MEN SHARE OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR* (%), 2014 GLOBAL INDICES Score Max Rank Year Source: EuroStat. *Sectors include those with highest shares of total employment Sector share of WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM total employment Global Gender Gap Index 0.7444 1 22/142 2014 Education 7% UNDP Human health and social work act ivities 6% Gender Inequality Index 0.2070 0 38/152 2013 Accommodat ion and food serv ice activit ies 8% OECD Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor 7% vehicles and motorcy cles Social Institutions & Gender Index 0.0449 0 19/108 2014 Manufacturing 20% EU Public administration and defence; 17% Gender Equality Index - 100 - 2013 compulsory social securit y Agriculture, forestry and fishing 6% Transportation and storage 5% Const ruction 6% 0% 50% 100% LABOR FORCE PARTICIPATION (% ages 15-64), 2003-2013 Source: World Bank Gender Statistics. 80 60 40 20 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013  The constitution of Bulgaria guarantees equality for men and women before the law. Men and women have equal ownership LEGAL FRAMEWORK and inheritance rights to property. The default marital property regime is partial community of property. There are no laws restricting the industries in which women may work. Women are entitled to 410 calendar days of maternity leave with 90% of wages paid. Men are entitled to 15 days of paternity leave with 90% of wages paid. Parents are entitled to an additional 547.5 days of partially paid parental leave. The law guarantees pregnant and nursing women workplace protections from dismissal; however, they are not guaranteed placement in an equivalent position when they return from maternity leave nor rights to a flexible schedule. The law stipulates public provision of childcare for children under the age of primary education. The age at which men and women can retire and receive full benefits is 65 and 63, respectively. Source: Women, Business, and the Law (2013). PERCEPTIONS Roma Non-Roma ROMA POPULATION Educational expectation for boys/girls (16+)… For boys For girls For boys For girls Primary education 0% 1% 0% 0% Roma Non-Roma Lower secondary education 19% 24% 3% 3% KEY INDICATORS Male Female Male Female Upper secondary education 62% 59% 48% 44% Literacy Rate (16+) 90% 84% 100% 99% Gross enrollment rate Post-secondary education 18% 17% 48% 52% Roma Non-Roma (upper-secondary education 16-19) 39% 25% 67% 78% Believe it is somewhat or fully acceptable… Male Female Male Female Average years of education (25-64) 7.1 6.2 11.1 11.3 For a man to slap his wife 52% 38% 24% 16% Employment rate (15-64) 42% 26% 57% 52% For a wife to slap her husband 20% 17% 11% 12% Unemployment rate (15-64) 35% 48% 20% 19% Felt discriminated against because of… POVERTY Roma Non-Roma Ethnicity 44% 41% 5% 4% Poverty PPP$2.15 expenditures based 6% 1% Gender 5% 10% <1% 3% Poverty PPP$4.30 expenditures based 29% 4% Source: UNDP/WB/EC Roma survey for Bulgaria (2011). Europe & Central Upper Middle KEY INDICATORS Male Bulgaria Female Male Asia Female Male OECD Female Income Male Female Year* Endowments: Education, Health, and Demographics Gross pre primary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 86 85 78 77 69 69 2012 Gross primary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 100 99 102 102 102 101 119 115 2012 Gross secondary enrollment (% of relevant age group) 1 95 91 100 98 98 98 87 89 2012 Gross tertiary enrollment (% of relevant age group)1 55 71 57 69 65 77 31 37 2012 Adult literacy rate (% aged 15 and above) 1 99 98 99 99 96 92 2011 Labor force with tertiary education (% of relevant group) 1 20 34 26 32 26 31 2012 Life expectancy at birth (years)1 71 78 73 80 77 83 72 76 2012 Maternal mortality rate (per 100,000 live births) 1 - 5 - 18 - 21 - 57 2013 1 - 1.5 - 1.7 - 1.8 - 1.9 2012 Fertility rate (births per woman) Access to Economic Opportunity Labor participation rate (% of population ages 15-64)1 72 64 78 63 79 62 82 62 2013 Unemployment (% of labor force) 1 13.8 11.9 9.7 9.5 8.0 8.0 6.0 5.7 2013 Youth unemployment (% of population ages 15-24) 1 31.8 26.4 21.7 22.4 17.5 17.2 14.2 16.0 2013 Self-employed (% of employed men/women)1 14 9 22 16 18 13 2012 2 Employment rate of persons ages 25-49 with a child under 3 living in household Firms with female participation in ownership (% of firms)1 - 39 - - - 2013 Gender pay gap (in average monthly earnings, % of men's wages, unadjusted) 2 - 21 - 23 - - 2012 Account at a formal financial institution (% age 15+) 1 50 55 73 66 86 80 62 53 2011 1 Land owners (% of adult population) Agency Proportion of seats held by women in national parliaments (%) 3 - 20 - 20 - - 2015 Share of women among members of municipal councils or other local area governing - 24 - 31 - - 2008 bodies2 Firms with female top managers (%)1 - 24 - - - 2013 Proportion of women in ministerial level positions (%)1 - 41 - 21 - 27 - 15 2014 4 Percentage agreeing that a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife Women who have experienced physical and/or sexual violence by a partner and/or non- - 28 - - - 2015 partner since the age of 15 5 *Indicates year of country data. All benchmarking data is from the most recent available year. Source: 1 World Bank Gender Statistics. 2 UNECE. 3 Inter-Parliamentary Union (as of 1/ 1/2015). 4 Demographic and Health Survey. 5 EU Violence Against Women Survey. ABOUT THE DATA Where possible, data is from harmonized regionally comparable sources. All numbers based on microdata in this document calculated by the Europe and Central Asia Team for Statistical Development (ECATSD) are produced using the 2005 PPPs, as the use of the 2011 PPPs in the calculation of global poverty estimates still requires additional analysis. This note was produced by the Poverty Global Practice at the World Bank Group. All indicators are as of 03/19/15 QUESTIONS? For more information, please visit the Gender Data Portal at http://data.worldbank.org/topic/gender .