Sri Lanka - Colombo Environmental Improvement Project : environmental assessment of a landfill site at Galudupita Marsh, Welisara

Ai xlMinistry of Hoinc A4ffair. & PrIrov.nial Cnuncils; awnil the Western Provincial Council Government of Sri Lanka Enviironnievitzi Assessment of a ,andfil] Site at CGailuhiapita Marsh, Welisara -IE R . M en April 1f99x49" -:'M lb AR l 3, :1 34 ,., ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ -1 ) ,,~~ER  Ministry of Home Affairs & Provincial Councils; and the Western Provincial Council Government of Sri Lanka Environmental Assessment of a Landfill Site at Galudupita Marsh, Welisara April 1994 Reference 2283 For and on behalf of Environmental Resources Management Approved by: : 4! 7 Position: ^ w> Date: l i( l This repon has been prepsed by Erviromertal Resotrces Managenet, me uading name o1 ERL ErFwrornrWal Resorrces Lhined, wk al reasonable skil care and di gence wm te terms of Ie Cortrad wfih the cr incorporaung ouw General Terms an Codlots of Bushss and talng accoql of me resorces devoted lo l by aueemes wah De dbie. We scLain any responsIiy to me cler and oers hi respect of ay mnaers rislde te scope of fe above. Tlis report is confikerxt to te cke and we acepl no responsABiy of whasoever rnaure to td pats to wttom tNs repot or ar pan Uweoo. Is made klown. Any such paty res Lvon t re l alet ow1n rtsk  CONTUS 1 INRODUCTION 1 1.1 BACKGROUND 1 1.2 SCOPE OF THE EM 2 1.3 APPROACH TO THE EIA 3 1.4 CONSULTATIONS 4 1.5 LAYOUT OF THE ELA 5 2 POUCY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 8 2.1 LNTRODUCT7ON 8 .2 LAWS GOVERWING EA OF DEVELOPMENT PROJEC7S IN SRI LANKA 8 2.3 LNsTITuTIONAL STRUCTURE RELATING TO ENIWRONMENTAL PROTEC770N 9 2.4 PRIVATE SECTOR INVOLVEMENT IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 13 3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 17 3.1 INTRODUCTION 17 3.2 CURRENT WASTE MANACEMENT SrIUATION 18 3.3 'No ACTION' ALTERNATIVE 25 3.4 OPTioNs AND TECHNOLOGIES 26 3.5 FEASIBILJ7Y OF OPrIONS AND TECHNOLOCIES 28 3.6 THrE PROPOSED OPTION 32 3.7 SnI SELECTION 33 4 DESCRTON OF LANDFILL DESIGN AND OPERATION 39 4.1 INTRODUCTION 39 4.2 OVERALL DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 39 4.3 KEY CONSTRAINTS 40 4.4 CONCErPT FOR SITE ENGINEERING 43 4.5 OPERATIONAL IssuEs 48 4.6 PHASED AND PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT AND RESTORATION 51 5 DESCRPON OF THE WEUSARA SITE 54 5.1 INTRODUCT1ON 54 5.2 CLIMATE 54 5.3 TOPOGRAPHY AND LANDSCAPE 56 5.4 GEOLOGY 58 5.5 SOaO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT AND LAND USE 60 5.6 HYDROLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOCY 64 5.7 BIOLOGICAL ENviRONMENT 68 5.8 TRAFFIC 75 5.9 AIR QUALI7Y 77 5.10 NOISE 78 6 ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL IPACTS 84 -I  6.1 INRODUC70N C4 C 6.2 Soc0-CULTURAL ENVRONME&NT AND LAND USE 84 6.3 HDROGEOLOGV AD IMHROLOGY 89 C 6.4 BIOLOGICAL FAcroRs 94 6.5 AIR QUAN %T 6.6 TRAFFC 97 6.7 AESTH7C APPEAL 102 6.8 NOISE 105 C 7 MMIGAT7ON MEASURES AND MONTORENG PLAN 108 c 7.1 IN7RODUC77ON 108 7.2 MITGATION MEASURES 10O8 e 7.3 MONrIORING PLAN 113 ANNEX A ENVIRONMENTAL REV7EW OF THE BASELINE ROAD TRANSFER STA77ON ANNwrEX B TERMS OF REFERENCE FOR SELECTING SITES ANNEX C RESETTLEMENr PLAN I ANNdEX D PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND AWARENESS CAMPAIGN ANNEX E WASTE ANALYSIS DATA ( ANNVEX F BACKGROUND INFORAATION ANNEX G SELECI7oN OF THE WEuSARA LANDFILL ST ANNEX H TRAFC COUNT DATA C ANNEX I OFF-SFrE HYDROLOGICAL IMPACrS OF LANDFILL DEVELOPMENT ANNEX J PROPOSAL FOR THE ESTABLISHM4ENT OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL UNMT WIlTN ( THE WESTERN PROVINCIAL COUNCIL ANNEX K LIST OF REFERENCES ( 1- .~~~~~~~~~ ;* C  I TIITRODUC77ON w 1.1 BACKCROUND This Environmental Asscssment has been prepared by ERM as part of the SWM component of the Colombo Environmental Improvemeni Project (CEEP), proposed for funding by the World Bank. It has been prepared on behalf of the Mini'try of Home Affairs and Provincial Councils (MHAWC), and the Western Provincial Council (WPC) of the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL), the project proponents. Coordination of the CEIP is the responsibility of the Metropolitan Environment Improvement Programme of the Ministry of Policy Planning, and Implementation (MPPI). The SWM mz.oniponent covers the following activities: Activity 1: development of a management and organisation structure for municipal solid waste management, including model ik contracts for private sector participation, propuoals for institutional strengthening and the identification of the requirements for solid waste management infrastructure (initially identified as a transfer station and a landfill site). Four district councils will be identified for the introduction of pilot schemes for private sector involvement in waste collection, transfer, recycling and disposal "'. * Activity 2: geotechnical investigations of sites proposed for the solid waste management infrastructure.