China - Zhejiang Power Development Project : environmental assessment report (Vol. 7 of 6)

PROJECT OF ZHEJIANG ELECTRIC POWER DEVELOPMENT HANGZHOU CITY'S ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK REMOULDING PROJECT REPORT ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS INSTITUTE OF ELECTRIC POWER DESIGN OF ZIHEJIANG PROVINCE JANUARY 1994 HANGZHOU  HANGZHOU CITY'S ELECTRIC POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK REMOULDING PROJECT REPORT ON THE ENVIROMEAL EFFECTS STAFF OF RESPONSIBILITY DEA) OF THE INSTITUTE LI LIANGKAI (SENIOR ENGINEER) NGINEER-IN-CIEF SONG YUTEN (SENIOR ENGINEER) DIRECTOR ENGINEER ZHOL CHUAG (SENIOR ENGINEER) PROFRADER: NI CENGGANG (ENGINEER) CI[LER: LIN SIIOPING (ENGINEER) JIANG HENG (ASSISTANT ENGINE) LINIT IN CHARGE OF THE POJECT: INSTITUTE OF ELECTRIC PER DESIGN OF ZHEJIANG PROVINCE  REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF BANGZHOU CITY'S POWER S!)STRIBUTION NETWORK REMOULDING CONTENT 1. Preface 1. 1 Reason for Construction. I 1. 2 Coverage of Research Work. 4 1. 3 Basis of Drafting, Regulations and Standards of ELecution of the Report. 6 2. A General Survey of the Project 2. Type of the Project .17 2. 2 Urgency of the Project .18 2. 3 Locations of the Project .19 2. 4 Scale and Operational Efficency .19 2.6 The Plan for Ratification and Execution of the Project 19 3. Environmental Survey 3 1 A Survey of the Natural Resource .22  4. The Expected Environmental Effects and the Precautionary Measures 4. 1 The Effects on Natural Environment .27 4.2 The Environmental Effects During the Operation .56 4. 3 Its Influence on Human Being and Its Use Value .56 4. 4 Its Influence on Living Quality .64 4. 5 Reduce the Unfavorable Effects .66 6. Cost-Effect Analysis 5. 1 The Cost-Effect of the Precautionary Measures .73 5. 2 Coat-Effect Analysis of the Project .75 6. Requirements for the Institutions and the Plan for Environmental Monitoring 6. 1 Requirements for the Institutions .77 6. 2 Environmental Monitoring .78 7. Public Participation 7. 1 Public Participation .80 7. 2 Managemeat Organizations .81 S. Conclusion 8. 1 The Methods for Reducing the Unfavorable Effects 82 8. 2 The Conclusion of the Research Report .84 9. Appendix .88 ii  REPORT ON ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF HANGZHOU CITY' S POWER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK REMOULDING 1. Preface 1. 1 Reason For Rebuilding 1. 1. 1 The Present Situation and Problem, of Hangzhou' s Power Distribution Network Hangzhou is the capital of Zhejiang Province and its political,economic, cultural and transport ceater. Hangzhou iB appointed by the State Council as the national tourist city and well-known historic and cultural city. Hangzhou's power distribution network has a history of more than 80 years, with a considerable scale. Now Hangzhou city has 2 220KV transformer substations (total capacity 420 EVA) , 8 110KV transformer substations and 26 factory transformer substations (total capacity 400 IVA) , 3644 distribution transformers (total capacity 910 MVA), a total 1023. " km length of 10 KV circuits (including 122.68 km cables, making up 12%), with a total 1780 EVA of transformation capacity. The capacity for power plants' generators is 332 MU. In 1990 the city proper has a power supply of 398 lW. The problems of Hangzhoa' s power network include: (1) The quality of the network voltage is rather inferior, leading to the difficulty of useless recompense; (2) The technical equipment level of distribution networks is low. Most of the substations has been operated for 30 years. The equipment is stable and is difficult to be reformed. (3) The level of network automation is rather low, and -1 -  Ls LI~~~~~~~~~~,I -~~ 2 h ,e t i! i-  there is no radical improvement of cominication couditions; (4) The connection on the liOKV side between 220KV power source spots is weak, and the reliability of the network is doubtful. 1. 1. 2 Necessity of the lemoulding of Power Networks of Hangshou City In Hangzhou city, mupply-and-distribution equipment of networks are backward; the structure of networks is weak; power circuits are thin,eircuit wires are greatly damaged, and the power supply is kindred and overcharged; the level of stability of tie networks is low. Especially with the rapid growth of national economy the power supply of Hangzhou city is increasing by imple margins, while the distribution power networks have tot received timely improvement and power cables constitute a low percentage. Due to all these, the contradictions have become prominent; it is therefore difficult to meet the needs of angagzhou' economic development and opening to the world and the needs of power supply for the investment of foreign traders. 1.1.3 Basic Conceptions of the Remoulding of Power Networks of Hangzhou City. In view of the prepsent situation and the problems of the power netwo?ks of Hangzhou city, Zhejinag Electric Power Company proposes 'Zhejiang Power Development Project' of simultaneous construction of power sourees and power -2  networks with the purpose of economical use of power energy. Put on the agenda is the remoulding of the power network. of Haugzhou city, which ig part of Zhejiang Electric Power Development Project' and. This project of Hangzhou's power networks has received the great support of all the departments of the central and local governments as well as the great svpport of the people. The remoulding project of Bangzhot.'s power networks is designed to achieve an economical, rational, safe, reliable and flexible structure of networ's; to meet the increasing needs of the citizens for higher material and cultral life and the needs of steady, rapid development of the city's national economy; to develop 220KV as the major network framework of the city' s voltage class of power networks; to raise the supply captcity of the city'B ppower networks; to improve the pattern of the urban networks; to increase the degree of modernization of power networks; to improve the conditions of power supply; to gradually establish cable networks; to rationally supply distribution and transforming power appliances; to reduce the pollution of eletromagnetic radiation; to realize automatic control of power supply and distribution; to ensare a steady and reliable quality of voltage. 1 1. 4 PLai of the Remoulding of the Power Networks of Ran.1zhou City According to the basic conceptions of the power network remoulding of Hangzhou city. A 220KV circular network with -a3-  the length of 42Km will be built in Bangzhou. The tansformer substation of the city center adopts high-voltage cable equipment, forming IOKV circular cable network of power supply, with a leagh of 60 km. During the 7 years from 1994 to 2000, Bangzhou's anetwork remoulding include the following major items: . Three 220KV transformer substations, go0 UVA, 42 kim: Liuwenchun, Xiawan, Chengnan transformer mubstations and high-voltage cable project (14km); . Seven l1OKV tratsformer substations. 620 MVA, 60 kim: Xinhaa, Gaoji,ZhongzinaWenhua, Wulin, Yongjin transformer substations; . l0KV distribution power system project and controlling equipment. 1. 2 Coverage of Research 1.2.1 Coverage of Research, Key Points and Purpose Coverage of research largely includes an area of 1 m outside the boundary of the transformer substations, the area covered by the projected 229KV circuit (42km) and 110KV circuit ( 66km) , and the area involved by the 10KV distribution power system project. The key points includ the project's locality, possible occurrence of accidents and effects; the effects on the entire course of project of the design, construction and normal operation or whet they are cancelled or altered; -4-  discussion of the muasures of reducing and preventing disadvantages; analysis of the effects of the project on its usage for mankind end the quality of life; evaluation of the irrevocable affects of the projecton the environment; proposal of the methods o.- avoiding or compensating for long or short effects. According to the above stalysis, we propose the conclusion of the preseat report, as a scientific basis for business's preventive and precautionl measures against pollution and for the authorities' ratification. 1. . 2 Organs of Research York TIe Power Company of Zhejiang Province has organized personnel to undertake the researec of the present project. The drafting unit is the Power Designaing Institute of Zhejiang Provinee, the holder of the state-issued A 1200311 'Class A Survey Design Certificate' of the Ministry of Construction and B 009 'Clans B Enrironuental Effect evaluation Certificate ' issued by Zhejiang Environmental Protection Bureau. 1.3 Basis of Drafting, Laws and Standards of Execution of the Report 1.3. 1 Basis of Drafting (1) The State Council's Environmental Protection Comnittee, The National Planning Comnittee and the State Reonomic Committee: ' Methods of Goterning Environmental Protection of Construction Projects' (86-GW-003)1 concerning the eTvluation areas, contents, drafting prodedures and  ratification authority about environment effects. (2) The National Planning Committee and the State Couneil'* Environmental Proteetion Conmittee: ' Designing Regulations Concerning Environmental Protection of the Constraction Projects' about the environmental protection reqitirements of different stages, locality aid genaral layout, preventing and precautional measures againat pollution, supervising and monitoring organs, environmental protection ficilities and investments, and designing and management. (3) The State Eavironment Protection Bureau: ' Some Opinions about the Problems of Environmental Management of the Construction Projects' ( 88- II- 117) concerning the necessary ratification system and procedures for reports on environmental effects from construcSion projects, the improvement of the quality of the reports, and the accelaration of the drafting of the reports. (4) Former Ministry of Energy Resources: Methods of Managing Environmeutnl Protection during the Earlv-stage of Thermal Power Construction Projects ( NAB- 1989- 19931 concerning strnghening the environmental protection of thermal resources construction projects of the early- stage and increasing the evaluation quality. (}) Zhejiang Environmental Protect Bureau: 'Essential Technical Points of Environmental Effects Evalustioc of Costtruction PJojects of Zhejiang Province' concerning the drafting of programme of environmental effect evaluation; evaluation of the present situation of atomsphere and water quality as well aS analysis of the consequense: technica! regulations of investigation of pollution sources.  (61 Zhsjiang Electric Power Company: ' Zhejiang Power Development Projects' concerning the plan and contents of Hangzkou's electric power network remoulding project, etc. 1. 3. 2 China's Policies and Laws Concerning Environmental Evaluation Oa December 26, 1989, the Standing Comittee of the 7th National People's Congress at its lith aessioz adopted the 'Eavironmenetal Protection Laws of the People'o Republic of China', further clarifying the 8 sy6tems of environmental protection. They are: evaluation of cavironmental effects; three things done simultaneously; charge for releasing pollutantt; environmental protection responsibility system; license for expelling pollutants; comprehensive control and management And quality evaluation of urban environment; cancentrated control of pollutants; time-table treatment of pollution, etc. Clause 13 of chapter 2 of 'Eavironment Proteetion Law' stipulates: ' To build projects that will pollute the environment should observe the state' s regulations concerning environmental effeetc by the construction projects. The report on the environmental effects of the construction projects should make an eyaluation of the pollution expelling by tha projects and the effects on the environment, should stipulate preventive and carative measures, and should be submitted to the responsible department for pre- examination and the administrative orgenizationb of environmental protection for ratification accorditg to the fixed procedures. Only after ratification of the report on the environmental effects ean the planning department ratify the warrant of task for designing the project to be constructed.' -T  . 3. 3 The stnadards Concerning Analysis and Evaluation (1) Environmetal quality standard for ground water according to GB3838-88 Table-1.3.3.1 Environmental QualIltv Standard for Ground Water (from GB3838-ut) parameter class I classil class II classlV class V monitoring examina- parameter I 1a casa |11 |IassIV C.B.s isethods tion range A!I the vater should not contain the following zatters produced by unnatural cause.l a.disgusting sediments. b.unpteasant drifting and floating things like broken fragments.floating slag. oil and so on: c. matters with disgusting oolor.smellitaste and muddy degrees; d. things Basic w which are harmful or pvisonous to human beings.animals |Requirer or plants; or which oan induce unfavourable physiological!j Lents reactions: e. water life that easii breeds a sonce of disgRust. I |5 -- P H |.- 8.5 8-9 1 glass electrodesi . H_ I_I | LDer ! <15 jS 1i15 i20 25 heary chrome in tO-gOO I _ _i _ _ I _ _ _ _ _acid salt _ BOD C ; '3 3 4 6 10 dilution and abovc 3 Iinoculation volatIle 0 0o01 0. 00) 0.i005 001 0 I I chlorofore 0.0 0-4 phenol I i j I I extraction ~~~~~~*I I i4 IL - ils 0.05 | 0.05 |0.005 al0.05 1.0 ultraviolet spe-| 0.05-50 I j i i I Ictrophotometr ! - Except PH. unit for all other parameters is mg!L. - 8-  Class I: MainlY suited to source water and the national nature preserving zones. Class II: Mainly Buited to water sources of concentrated drinking witer of Type- I preserving areag, preserved areas of rare fishes, spawning grounds for fish and shrimps. Ciass Ill: Mainly suited to water sources of concentrated drinking water of Type- 11 preserving areas, preserves of common fisheB and swimming areas. Class IV: Mainly suited to water areas for ordinary industry and recreational water areas without direct contact with the human body. Class V: Mainly suited to water areas for agriculture and for commoan sightseeing. (2) Standard of Atomosphe7e Environmental Quality, According to GB3095-82 Table-1.3.3.2 Standard of Atoasphere Environmental Ouality ( from GB3095-B2) I I i !I name of value limit of density l3g/standard 14 , mwnitoring methods pollutants ehe*c timp I class I class 11 class IIl ligenegral fi irdaily ave. 0.15 i 0.30 0.50 faim filter sample oating dust any time 0.30 ! 1.00 1.50 and weai,hting I drifting Idaily ave. 1 0.05 0.15 0.25 ' qU3rtZ ple-crystal dust ; any time 0.15 0.5O j 0.70 sulphur haily avc:year 0.02 0.0B i O.t hvdroch8-ric ac!d monoxides daily ave. 0.05 0.15 ! 0.25 i -rose-aniline any time 0.15 0.50 0.70 I colotimetry I nitroyen daily ave. 0.05 0.10 ! 0.15 I hydrochloric acid oxides any St me 0.10 i. IS i.30 methyl-naphthyl i -9g  Type I areas: the national -nature preservest scenic tourist areas, historic and cultural relies, sanatoria, generally a,dopt Class I standard. Type II areas: residential areas, mixed areas of comerce and transportation, cultural areas, historic and cultural relics, rural areas, generally adopt Class 11 standard. Type I[I areas: cities, towns, industrial areas subject to serious atomaphere pollution, and transport arteries and trunk lines,etc. generally adopt Class III standard. (3}) Enironmental Noise Standard for Urban Area According to GB3096-82 - 10 -  Table-i. 3. 3.3 Standard of Enviromental Nbile in Urban Area (from GB3096-82) applicable areas