China - Zhejiang Power Development Project : environmental assessment report (Vol. 3 of 6)

Supplement to the Reports on the Assessment of ;. Environmental Impact of Electric Power Projects in Zhejiang Province Provincial Electric Power Corporation of Zhejiang April, 1994  .,* a . , . '2_. .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ .-'* . Contents Contents .............................................................2 Supplement to the Report on the Assessment of Environment linpact of Beiluw Pon Power Plant Phanse II ........, . 1. Alternatives to the Beilun Port Power Plant Pliase 11 ...............................................2 11. About Firsthand Data ............................................... 3 *.W'~ *. v ' ' Ill. Data of Marine Lif .............................................. 4 IV. Comparison And Explanation Of Eluission An(d Standards Of Flue Gas Pollutants .4 v. nTe impact or Bdeiun Power Plant Pi'ase I 1 Phlase 11i on the atmospheric environment quality and its comparison wilit Ilw environunental standards set downi bv China and the World Bank are listed in T;bLM1. 3 ;;nd 4 ..5 VI. Environmental Monitoring and Managiarqenil .10 VII. About the possible influence of chlorine-bearingt coolig vwater .1 Vil. About the Feasibility of Utiizing As Waler .. .. . 12 IX. The Influence of'Water Permeated Renom the Ash I Dyke on Undergrounrd Water 12 X. About Public Participation .1 XI. Abouit the C.oal W harf ............... ............................................................. 13 Appendix: Newsletter of the Fifth Convention ofr1le Nintlh People's Congerass of Ningbo City .......................................... 14 Supplement to the Report on Assessment of Environwetil IIpact of Wangiiangrnen Heat and Power Plant ................................................ IS 1. Actual Emission and Emission Standard.1 ................................................. 1) 11. About the Improvement ofAtmospleric li nviroluiwnat Qualit ............................................. 19 v 111. Temperature Rise Caused bv Wann %N a'er D)ischarge .2) IV. Public Involvement ....................4...................................................................... ................... ?4 V. Explanation about PCBs ................ . ...................2............................................ ...... 14 VI. The Impact of Dry Ash Disposal oni lIe Wuler lEinironment .25 VII Additional notes to environmental inonilorig and training programme .25 VIII. Analysis of Alternatives of Plant Site .25 r;- Supplement to the Report on Assessment of Environnicutal Ixipact oflhe 500 Kv Transmission arid Substation Project ....... ................ -: 2. .. 2- Administration and Monitoriig.3 .............................. '1 1. Administration of Environment Protetlion and P Nlnitoring .... . ..32 2. Vocalional Health and Safetv Mannucinlent. . ........................................... 10 3 Fire Monitoring and Control Syste n 'Imid ii' XMin:qxnment ..... ...................................... 4I -;. Regulations Regardina the Safe KiwlCp olI .i mnucruus Matlers ........................................... -to .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~: . 4*  Supplement to the Report on the Assessment of Environment Impact of Beilun Port Power Plant Phase 11 .; ,> . Zhejiang Provincial Research Institute of Environment Protection Science  Supplement to the Report on the Assessment of Environment Impact of Beilun Port Power Plant Phase 11 The Assessment Report on the Environmental Impact of Beilun Port Thermal Power Plant Phase II passed the examination by China National Environment Protection Bureau on May 8, 1992, revised and supplemented .. S" ;'7-according to the requirements and conventions of the .;- World Bank with the help-of its experts in June, 1993 and October. 1993. Now, according to the comments and suggestions of the World Bank as of April 1, 1994, some issues concerning the environmental impact report are further clarified here in this supplement. 1. Altemalives to the Beilun Port Power Plant Phase 11 Given the present marked shortage of power supply within the Zhejiang power grid, besides the modification:.. . of existing city power grids, the improvement of power '.-'* "` mdnagement system and adoption of a series of. power- * economizing measures, new power generation technologies have to utilized and power sources extended. In the report "Economical Assessment of the Beilun Port Power Plant Phase II within the Development Plan for the Zhejiang Provincial Power Grid", the Electric Power Planning and Design Head Institute of the Ministry of Power made a comprehensive analysis in terms of the load capacity, discount rate, fuel expenses, power plant construction costs and other factors. The results show that the construction cost of nuclear power plants is t.1 high and the construction period is long; the fuel expenses are too high for oil or gas-fired power plants, to be acceptable; hydraulic power stations are plausible mainly for the Southwestern mountain areas. However, due to the long transmission distance and the limited number of sites, construction of power stations there are not possible in the near future. Relatively speaking, coal- fired power plants have many advantages. The completion of the first phase of Beilun Port Power Plant provides favourable conditions to the construction of the second phase and will reduce the construction cost to the lowest as compared to other alternatives. It has the following advantages: the building forces once engaged in the construction of the first phase can be employed for the second phase, thus reducing the need to move around building teams; the amount of land to be requisitioned is reduced, and etc. Therefore, the second phase of the Beilun Port Power Plant is recommended as the first priority of construction projects.  * . - 11. About Firsthand Datae Comment 7 of the World Bank points out that firsthand data are deficient. It is explained below: (1) Atmospheric Monitoring of the Surroundings According to the part concerning the assessment of present atmospheric conditions in the Technical Principles of Environmental Impact Assessment for Zhejiang Provincial Construction Projects issued by Zhejiang Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, "monitoring should be done in winter and summer for chimneys higher than 100 meters; each monitoring session .F.. _.should last 7 to 10 days, and five days of valid data ,;.. rli ;>should be ensured." Thus, Beilun Port Power Plant carried out monitoring between June 30 and July 5 of 1991 (summer) and between December 18 and December 24 of the same year (winter). Considering that one generation unit was in operation during the monitoring of the winter season, an additional monitoring session was done for comparison purposes between January 8 and 14 of 1992 when the unit stopped operation. In order to verify the reliability of the data, we collected the data from Qinghua University's study of Ningbo's atmosphere ( during summer of 1988 and winter of 1989). Three : v ..monitoring points of the said study were near the Beilun. .''4 District (see Table 5-2 of the Environmental Impact Assessment Report on Beilun Power Plant). We analyzed and compared the data against the records of routine monitoring for Ningbo City and ascertained that those atmospheric data are the results of special monitoring performed for the Beilun Power Plant and that they fit the local pattern. (2) Monitoring of Water Quality According to the stipulations of the same document as described above, monitoring should be done for two days of complete tidal cycles to determine the parameters for the evaluation model. Actually, there has been plenty of monitoring data for this wide sea area. For example, there is the report "An Analysis Of The Present Pollution State And Its Future Influences In Ningbo Deep-Water Port Area" (prepared by the No. 2 National Oceanographic Research Institute). Thus, the general patterns of water quality in this sea area has been clear. The general patterns are that the ebbing tidal flux is greater than the flooding tidal flux and hence pollutants are easily carried out of the local sea area to the outer sea. Oil content and organic matter content (NO2-N) exceed the standard for sea water grade one (COD<3 mg/l, oil < 0.05). In the Beilun dock area, oil content reaches 0.07 - 0.23 mg/l in the summer of 1984 and 0.1 - 0.2 mg/l in the summer of 1985. And in the Jintang River course sea area, the oil content is only 0.09 - 0.13 mg/l. On the whole, these values are consistent with the values 0.01 - 0.2 mg/l from the monitoring carried out for the assessment of environment impact of Beilun Power Plant. .. :4 - :;... .................................... 3  The tendency the studies show is that oil pollution is on the rise. This is a regional problem. It's not unique to this sea area. Ill. Data of Marine Life . ; (1) Near-shore Sea Area Early in the 80's, during the surveys of China's coastal regions, extensive survey and investigation were done on this sea area, and substantial data were collected of the life quantity, phytoplanktons and zooplanktons. During the preparation of this environmental impact assessment report, sampling spots were set up near the planned power plant and the ash dyke and in the intertidal range. Sampling and subsequent : . .>.r*Study were carried out in 1987 and 1993 (winter) and ;. - certain amount of regular data were obtained. However, on the whole, systematic data are still lacking to give adequate evidence to the degree and features of the environmental impact preCicted for the power plant. This is an issue common in China's environmental impact assessment that needs to be set right in the near future. Basically, it has been decided that for the Second Phase of the Beilun Power Plant Project, environmental monitoring shall be executed for the whole province with the technical assistance of the World Bank to collect the x-,- mentioned data. (2) Intertidal Range An comparative analysis based on the survey results of 1977 and 1987 shows that bottom-residing life is in the polluted area, pollution-resistant life increases and biodiversity is gradually lost. in 1993 when this assessment of ervironmental impact was being prepared, four sections were designated for special studies. The results proved that life count in the polluted area (near the planned ash dyke and petroleum chemical plant area) is only 547 life/m2 and the dominant life form is mollusks while the average life count in Beilun sea area reaches 1084 life/m2. (3) Aquatic Resources The catches in this sea area is already quite small. IV. Comparison And Explanation Of Emission And Standards-. Of Flue Gas Pollutants The flue gas emission conditions of Beilun Power Plant and emission standards of China and the World Bank are listed and compared in Table 1. '1 _  From the table, we can see that the power plant's S02, NOx and TSP emissions all meet the standards set by China and the World Bank. And for the TSP emission to meet the standard, the dust removal efficiency needs to be 99.56X. It has been calculated that the five-electric field precipitator installed in the plant has a designed -r -. -.-effic3ency above 99.6X. Therefore, under normal operation-:*..,;-. conditions, the TSP concentration from the power plant can meet not only the Chinese emission standard but also the emission standard set by the World Bank. Furthermore, if high-ash-content coal is mixed and burnt, the power plant will lower the boiler's output and the air flow volume and adopt other measures to raise the dust removal efficiency and to ensure that flue gases are released only when they meet the TSP emission standards. Table I Charateriutlcs of Flue Gas from Bellun Power Plant Parmneters Quantity- Linits Imposed for Environmental Purposes * .:' . _ ~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~China World Banl - Temperature (C) 110 _i W B Emission Volume per 62"0 Generation Unit (Nm3/s) . Velocity at the Outlet 2ou.o - I (m/s) ___I __ .L SO, Emiission Quantity (total of 12.") 17.83 20.83 rourunilsth i. Emiission Rate leach unit 897.55t' 1.238.194 mgIs) _ ;__ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Emission Concentration 1.4' (mg/Nm3_ ____ - L _- TSP Emission Rate leach unit 63.001 . mu(s) ___. Emission Concetration 100 -00 100 l C /m 3 ,h __ _ _ _ ._ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ NO, Emicsion Rate (each unit 326.C -5_38,333 mg(s) ..__.___ __ Emission Concentration 51S.l' - 856 _ mg/Nm3) .1 Noles: I. The World Bankls S02 emission limil is calculated Irom its daily value 500 Id (the background daily average is mostly below 200 g/ in this area);* 2i. Te World Bans NOL eon limit is calculated from its thernal input value 30 p/; - .;.: *. 3. TSP emnission values are calculatia assuming the dust removal efficiencv to be 0.6%. * ** V. The impact of Beilun Power Plant (Phase I + Phase 11) on the atmospheric environment quality and its comparison with the environmental standards set down by China and the World Bank are listed in Tables 2, 3 and 4. From the tables we see that the accumulative values * calculated from the background values and the power ;. plant's contributions of S02, NO, and TSP at the ten .* ..*:vmonitoring spots mostly meet the enviroLmental standards i:-;. - of China and the World Bank. Only the average daily maximums of S02 at Xinning Bridge, S02 at Shui:yunzhan and  * .. . TSP at Caiqiao, when totalled with the plant contributions, exceed the Chinese environmental standards (The TSP value at Caiqiao also exceeds the World Bank's standards). The main reason is that the background values at the three monitoring spots are high as the power plant's contribution accounts for only 5.5X, 4.0X and 0.2X respectively of the accumulated values at the three monitoring spots. The Beilun Power Plant has already made * ..; plans to-establish long-term environmental monitoring ,..'.-stations to reflect the power plant's impact on the atmospiheric environment more accurately and reliably. Uncertainty due to the short-term monitoring and lack of data can then be cleared away. I.- -,* -< - .* *I.. *,e *' , s ' ' . ','. ' s5;4V^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I  ; Table2 Tbe Impac. zsBemPower Pl:nl (PLsel + Pase 11) on tlb Annospheric wlDmmnmenl(In the(nns oSO, niml_ Spot Location Time Durtimon Pollutant Concentation in tde Atmosphtere (WM-, No. I _______ ~~~~Standard Backgroniit1 Estimated Total China World L Value Value B_ .k I Annual Mean _ _ 0.0 n O SD Xingning Daily Mx. 172 10 182 150 - Bridge Average __ _ _ . _______ One-tine Max.. 2'mC 46 342 00 -! AnnualMean - 1.1 00 SD50 Haishu Dily Max. Rl12 9 Qo 5I - Fangban Avemge One-time Max. =2_ 20_ soo 3 Annual Mean o.9 oO .0O Shuiyun Daily Max. Io 10 253 IO .s Zhan Average __.__. One-time Max. 4.1 46 491 50 oo 4 Annual Mean - 4.2 1 _ 50 Caiqiao Dagy Max. 32 11 43 150 . Average One-timeMax. U i 10 210 500 5 _ Anniual Mean 4.2 _