Morocco - Forestry Project

Document of The World Bank FOR OFFCLAL USE ONLY MICROFICHE COPY Report No. 10508 Report No. 10508-MOR Type: ("'R; MACKIE, T / X31752 / T9053/ OEDT PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) MARCH 31, 1992 Agricultural Operations Division Country Department I Middle East and North Africa Regional Office This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  CURRENCY EOUIVALENTS Currency Unit - Moroccan Dirham (Dh) Dh 1.00 - US$0.12 US$1.00 Dh 8.5 (Average Calendar 1989) ABBREVIATIONS ADT - Air Dried Tons DEFCS - Direction des Eaux et Forets et de la Conservation des Sols FNF - National Forestry Fund MOA - Ministry of Agriculture MOF - Ministry of Finance MAI - Mean Annual Increment PCR - Project Completion Report PMU - Project Management Unit SAP - Special Action Program FISCAL YEAR January 1 - December 31  THE WORLD BANK FOR OFmFCIAL USE ONLY Washington. D.C 20433 U.S.A. Office of Director-Genee,i Operatsm EvIluitin March 31, 1992 MEMORANDUM TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS AND THE PRESIDENT SUBJECT: Project Completion Report on MOROCCO Gharb/Mamora Forestry Prolect (Loan 2110-MOR) Attached, for information, is a copy of a report entitled "Project Completion Report on Morocco - GharblMamora Forestry Project (Loan 2110-MOR)" prepared by the former Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office with Part II of the report contributed by the Borrower. This project has not been audited by the Operations Evaluation Department at this time. Attacament This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT ICfrOcro CHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (Loan 2110-MOR) Table of Contents Page No. Preface . . . . . Evaluation Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii PART I: PRUJECT REVIEW FROM BANKS PERSPECTIVE Project Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Background ..................... 1 Project Objectives and Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Project Design and Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Project Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Project Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Project Sustainability .................. . 11 Bank Performance ..................... 11 Borrower Performance ................... . 12 Project Relationship ................... . 12 Consulting Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Project Documentation and Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 PART II: PROJECT REVIEW FROM BORROWER'S PERSPECTIVE . . . . . . . 15 PART III : STATISTICAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 This document has a restncted distribution and may be used by recipients only in he performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  le~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-40R) PREFACE This document is the Project Completion Report (PCR) for the first forestry project in Morocco, for which Loan 2110-MOR for US$27.5 million was approved on March 23, 1982. The loan was closed on June 30, 1990, two years behind schedule. Out of the original approved amount, four cancellatioi.s were made, totalling US$17.4 million (62 percent of the Loan Amount). The last disbursement was on November 5, 1990. The remaining balance of US$0.28 million was canceled from the loan account. The PCR was prepared by the Agriculture Technical and Operations Divisions of the former Europe, Middle East and North Africa Regional Office (Preface, Evaluation Summary and Parts I and III) and the Borrower (Part II). It is based on the Staff Appraisal Report and Implementation Volume, the Loan and Project Agreements, Supervision reports, correspondence between the Bank and the Borrower, Project Progress Reports and experience of project implementa- tion.  - iii - PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) Evaluation Summary S Obiectives 1. The principal project objectives, as stated in the Staff Appraisal Report (SAR), were to: (a) in5-"-ase roundwood production through new plantations; and (b) introduce better planning and management techniques for the forestry sub-secto.. There were several other -.nstated objectives (paras. 7 and 18). 2. The project comprised: (i.. stumping and replanting approximately .0,000 ha of existing eucalypt plantations; (b) reforestation of 10,000 ha of degraded cork oak V with eucalypts, Acacia and pines; (c) constructing, upgrading or mai,-taining 40 km, 140 km, and 500 km of forest roads, respectively; (d) pasture improvement in approximately 2,600 ha of woodland; (e) improving forest research, forest inventory and planning, and training capabilities of the Direction des Eaux et Forets et de la Conservation des Sols (DEFCS); (f) initiating specialized studies, including forest inventory, management, exploitation and financing; and (g) establishing a project management unit (PMU) with technical, administrative and logistical support (para. 8). 3. Project identification (two missions) took place in April-October, 1979; preparation (three missions) in June 1980-June 1981; and appraisal in June 1981. A PMU was created in DEFCS, in Rabat, to manage and coordinate t;he project, although day-to-day field administration was continued by the Forest Service Chiefs at Kenitra and Kh6misset. A Technical Coordinating Committee was established but, subsequently, cancelled because its mc ,bers met several times a week, anyhow, and could easily contact each other by telephone. From early 1986, the project concentrated on stumping and replanting to the virtual exclusion of most other operations (paras. 9 to 10). All paragraph numbers refer to the main report. In 1985, 'degraded cork oak' in this component was replaced by open areas, maquis or overaged plantations.  - iv - Implementation Experience 4. The Loan Agreement was signed on April 15, 1982 and the date of effectiveness was October 28, 1982. The project had 14 supervision missions and the loan closing date was extended by two years until June 30, 1990. Two major problems, virtually throughout its life, were first, the inadequacy of local counterpart funding and second, long delays over payment of contractors. Project operations had been kept simple and retroactive financing used to speed initial implementation -- apart from addressing fundamental problems in budgetary procedures and availability of timely and adequate local funds, there was no other action that could have been taken in the context of the project design to avoid this problem of local financing. Revision o" -he r ge management component, delays in DEFCS studies and, above all, the Lacreace t 'tue of the US Dollar against the Moroccan Dirham, reduced project cosL..i equ- tnt it) dollar terms. The cost of mechanized land clearance was kept low by contractors who had no alternative work and whose older machinery had already boen amortized. Only the use of mineral fertilizers on planted eucalypt plantations (which was not included in the project estimates) increased, which raised costs. A Special Action Program (SAP), which raised the disbursement rate for stumping from 60 to 90 percent, was implemented from June 30, 1986 until the project ended (paras. 11 to 14). 5. There were four loan cancellations in November 1984 (US$7.0 million), August 1986 (US$5.0 million), June 1989 (US$3.0 million) and June 1990 (US$2.4 million). The system adopted by the Ministry of Finance (MOF) of collecting vouchers on similar items for payment tended to delay disbursements in spite of the Special Account that was introduced in mid-1987 (para. 15). Results 6. Achievements under the project show that: (a! 99 percent of the target area of 20,000 ha of all eucalypt plantations were stumped and prepared for planting; (b) 72 percent of the 29,383 ha target (20,000 + 9,383 ha) were planted; (c) the irrigation system at Sidi Yahia nursery was rehabilitated and annual seedling production raised to 10.0 million; (d) the road program (25 percent of 40 km of construction, 31 percent of 140 km of rehabilitation and 8 percent of 500 km of maintenance) was executed in only three years; (e) no office block and 58 percent of the target of 12 houses were con^tructed in two years; (f) under the vehicle procurement program, 87 percent of 23 four-wheel drive vehicles and 100 percent of seven trucks were procured; (g) the range management target of 2,600 ha was exceeded by 373 ha; and (h) in the five main studies, three (training, forest economy and range management) were done, the forest inventory was started (to be continued under Forestry II) and the rationalization study was funded from other sources (para. 16). 7. The two stated objectives are considered to have been met. Wood production of approximately 12 m3/ha/year Mean Annual Increment (MAI) will be attained on most sites, but with two doses of mineral fertilizer, at establishment and in the fifth year. Fuelwood production from stumps has risen from nothing to approximately 50 tons/ha. Better planning and management techniques have certainly been introduced by the establishment of the PMU, but full evaluations of project work must await a properly equipped unit under Forestry II. Four unstated objectives have also been met. They were the  -v - introduction of: (a) an adequate system of mechanized stumping for the Gharb/Mamora area; (b) a genetic improvement plan for eucalypts (introduced in 1987); (c) the basis for an effective system of forest research; and (d) a :ollow-up project (Forestry II), which effectively acts on and expands the experience acquired under Forestry T (paras. 17 W.o 18). 8. All interventions under Forestry I could almost certainly have been completed or exceeded within the project piriod in the absence of the financial * problems of the 1980s. The range management component was probably the greatest disappointment. Although it exceeded its project target, it failed to establish Grazing Associations to impose realistic grazing fees or undertake an adequate . census or livestock grazing in the forest. Further effort is now being made on a national scale V (para. 19). 9. Some 80 percent of project plantations were of eucalypts established on old plantations that had been stumped mechanically or manually and an evaluation of the rates of return has been made (see Part III, Tables 9 A-B and 10 A-B). Financial rates of return at appraisal were only 8.5 percent (mechanical stumping) and 14.5 percent (manual stumping), but were much higher at the end of the project, i.e, 19.9 percent and 22.9 percent for mechanical ztumping (depending on one or two fertilizations) and 33.9 p-rcent and 36.5 percent for vanual stumping (one or two fertilizations). The difference is due partly to the fact that the present calculation does not include indirect costs, such as fire protection, roads, etc., as opposed to the appraisal calculations buu, particularly, to the substantial increases in output prices, especially for the stumps sold at the beginning of the plantation (DH 5,000/ha in 1988/89 compared to DH 600/ha at appraisal). The degree to which world prices of wood have affected the rates of return is shown by the Economic rate of return, which was 25 percent at appraisal but 35 percent and over 40 percent for mechanized and manual stumping, depending on the number of fertilizations (para. 20). 10. Stumping by manual labor as opposed to mechanical means is shown to be more economic (the two are not strictly comparable, because mechanized stumping provides deep and thorough soil cultivation, unlike manual work) and, in any case, manual removal cf stumps requires 400 man/days/ha, i.e., two million man/days work to clear 5,000 ha/year (5-6 months) for planting. Two fertilizer doses are clearly shown to be more economic than one. The impact of this project on Moroccan forestry, although undoubtedly positive, cannot be properly assessed until Forestry II is completed as it is literally a continuation of Forestry I (paras. 21 to 22). Sustainability 11. All of the major operations under Forestry I are sustainable. The objective of the follow-up project is to increase and improve these benefits (paras. 23 to 24). 1/ see appropriate footnote to Table 7, of Part III.  - vi - Findings and Lessons Learned 12. (a) Management of forest resources requires both a long-term strategy and an integrated approach, covering both policies and program across a number of institutions (paras. 18, 22, 25-a); (b) Bank financing, even at high disbursement rates, does not guarantee that sufficient funds will be available for a specific project; in Morocco, this needs particular attention and continuous follow- up to ensure adequate budget and release of funds already budgeted (since the Forest I Project, this situation has been improved) (para. 14); (c) Identification through inventory of areas of forest degradation and deforestation is a necessary pre-condition of finding effective remedies (para. 18-d); and (d) Continuity of staff by both Bank and Borrower has a positive impact on project execution -- it makes for more efficient operations and facilitates the writing of the Project Completion Report (!) (para. 27).  PROJECT COMPLZTION REPORT lforO!CO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PART I. Project Review from the Bank's PersDective Proiect Identity Name Forestry Project Loan Number : 2110-MOR RVP Unit : EMENA Region Country Morocco Sector Agriculture Background 1. Some 5.8 million ha of Morocco's total land area of approximately 71.0 million ha, or about 8 percent, are occupied by forest, mainly in the north- west, where the climate is cooler and more humid than elsewhere in Morocco. By 1990, forest plantations occupied just over 0.5 million ha and there were about 0.5 million ha of Acacia spp. along water courses in the south and 3.2 million ha of esparto grass in the eastern extremities, under the jurisdiction of the Direction des Eaux et Forets et de la Conservation des Sols (DEFCS), the Direction in the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) in charge of forest management. 2. Although difficult to quantify, the forests' main contribution to the economy is almost certainly ecological, namely safeguarding water supplies, agricultural production and wiidlife and restricting soil erosion including, in the s'', desertification. Forestry is estimated to add about 2 percent to the coun' '. gross domestic product (GDP), which is 12 percent of the agricultural val;. cided and equivalei. to approximately DH 2.7 billion V, if the unrecorded cont. t.ution to Morocco's forage and energy supplies are included. Unlike the majority of North African and Middle Eastern countries, Morocco exports forest products, which in 1987 comprised wood pulp: DH 333.0 million (69 percent of the total), cork products: DH 87.0 million (18 percent) and processed products - mainly imported wood: DH 63.0 million (13 percent); total: DH 483.0 million. Until the latter half of 1986, all wood used in pulp manufacture was local. Appraisal exchange rate: US$1.0 - DH 5.3 Average annual exchange rates during project implementation: 1982 - 6.0; 1983 - 7.1; 1984 - 8.8; 1985 - 10.1; 1986 - 9.1; 1987 - 8.4; 1988 - 8.2; 1989 - 8.5.  3. In 1979/81 there were sevetal readily identifiable faults in Moroccan forestry that needed rectification. Technical improvements to Morocco's only pulp mill, ac Sidi Yahia in the Gharb/Mamora, in the 1970s had virtually doubled its annual capacity to 100,000 air dried tons (ADT) of pulp so that its annual pulp wood consumpt.n needed to be raised to 345,000 m3 under bark (u.b.), whereas yields from eucalypt coppiced plantations needed to be increased by replacement of old trees (after the third coppice rotation yields dropped appreciably) with another higher-yielding provenance. It was estimated that some 10.0 million m3 of fuelwood were taken, often illegally, from the forest each year, which was at least three times greater than the sustainable yield and, in consequence, approximately 20,000 ha of forest were believed to be lost annually. Although nearly all natural f -6. bJelongs to the State, local and nomadic human populations traditionally exe-K 3d F-:azing rights in these areas. The Moroccan forest was estimated to provide 1,5 J million forage units (FUs) V or 18 percent of national stock requirements each year), which largely prevented natural regeneration and contributed to the genera1 degradation of vegetation. There was a serious lack of investment in the forestry sub-sector. Although public investment was increasing (from DH 213.0 million in 1973-77 to DH 893.0 million in 1981-85), commun,al reinvestment of 20 percent of its funding from forests (one of the alternatives under the law of 1976 that gave gross forest revenue to local communes) into forest operations was rare, the National Forescry Fund (FNF) was being wasted by interest-free loans to communal authorities and private land owners for reforestation and forestry clearly needed additional sources of financing. Finally, there were a lack of data on Moroccan forests (only 20 percent of which had been subjected to detailed inventory and mapping) and little resource planning within DEFCS. 4. At the time of project apprais'l, there was apparently no stated forest policy or strategy for forest developnent, but Government objectives were summarized in the five-year development plan (1981-85) and reproduced in the Staff Appraisal Report (SAR) as follows: (a) increase wood production by (i) establishment of 50,000 ha/year of fast-growing tree species; and (ii) application of a more rational and production oriented management of Moroccan forest resources to reduce imports of forest related products and increase exports of pulp, cork and alfa grass; (b) maintain through improved forest management, the forests' conservation of soil stability, prevention of erosion and protection of water catchments; and (c) increase th'e supply of fodder to livestock by improved sylvopastoral management. 5. By June 1981 (project appraisal), there were two operational Bank projects in Morocco with forestry/soil conservation components i.e. Fes-Karia- Tissa Agricultural Project (Ln. 1602-MOR, FY78) and Loukkos Rural Development (Ln. 1848-MOR, FY80) - a further project with similar components and objectives was added one year later (Oulmes-Rommani Agricultural Development, .1/ Nutritionally equivalent to approximately 1 kg. of barley.  - 3- (Ln. 2217-MOR, FY83) and an agricultural project with numerous forestry components (management planning, assisted regeneration, exploitatioi, insect control, etc.) had just been appraised (Middle-Atlas Agricultural Development, Ln. 2082-MOR, FY82). Neither of the two operational projects had been under implementation sufficiently long to provide much guidance in the forestry project's preparation. Details are provided in 'Table 1. These projects have been generally satisfactory (all except Oulmes-Ronmani are now completed) in spite of the fact that n.any of their proposals were implemented after the 1983 Moroccan budget crisis and svffered continuous, complementary under-funding. The project periods of them all have been extended; the Fbs-Karia-Tissa Froject suffered particular delays to enable completion of the component on watel. supplies to areas of difficult access. 6. The Forestry Project was implemented during a period of financial crisis, then austerity. Following approximately two decades of conservative ecor.omic management, Morocco began an expansionary fiscal policy to finance increasing defence expenditures and public investment. In consequence, the country's external debt rose from US$1.8 billion Ln 1975 to US$13.9 billion in 1983, when it represented nearly 120 percent of GDP and at which point the Government imposed emergency restrictions and curtailed public expenditure. Extensive stabilization and adjustment policies were prepared and supported by a series of three IMF standby arrangements (1983-88) and Bank structural and sectoral adjustment loans (in industry, agriculture, education, public enterprises, among others). Considerable improvements were achieved, but at a cost of greatly reduced public investments, including reduction in funds available for the forestry project. Proiecn Objectives and Description 7. The principle project objectives, as stated in the SAR, are: (a) increase roundwood production through new plantations to provide short fiber pulp wood to the existing pulp mill at Sidi Yahia in the Gharb and provide part of Morocco's increasing demand for construction and industrial timber and fuelwood (the increased production would result in increased exports of pulp and reduce imports of tiLJer); and (b) introduce better planning and management techniques for the forestry sub-sector, which would result in increased productivity of forest as well as supply of forage for livestock. A further aspect that took an increasing importance as results of project studies became available was the definition of elements required for effective forestry management. This in turn became important input into the preparation for the follow-up project (Forestry II). 8. The project comprised the following: (a) stumping and replanting of about 20,000 ha (18,400 ha of mechanized stumping and 1,600 ha of manual stumping) of existing low-yielding eucalypt plantations in Gharb/Mamora area;  -4- (b) reforestation in the Mamora forest area of about 10,000 ha (actually 9,383 ha) of degraded cork oak forest with approximately 3,000 ha of eucalypts, 3,500 ha Acacia mollissima and 3,500 ha of pines; (c) up-grading and constructing, respectively, of about 140 and 40 km of forest roads and maintaining about 500 km of selected plantation roads over the project period; (d) pasture improvements on about 2,600 ha of open woodland; (e) improving the research, forest inventory/planning and training capabilities of DEFCS; (f) carrying out specialized studies including forest inventory, management, exploitation (including charcoal production) and financing; and (g) establishment of a project management unit together with technical, administrative and logistical support. Project Design and Organization 9. Project identification required two missions, which took place over six months (April-October 1979), preparation required three missions over the course of eight months (June 1980-June 1981) and appraisal took place in June 1981 (Tables 2 and 3). The preparation report (March 1981) was primarily concerned with plantation establishment and contained no other proposals. The majority of the latter and supporting annexes, including a review of the sub- sector, was prepared during and after appraisal and included in the SAR and Implementation Volumes (February and December 1982). As the first forestry project in Morocco, it encompassed institution building (research, training and studies) but excluded controversial issues such as possible solutions to conflicts between cultivation, livestock and forest development, which it considered should first be tested in agricultural development projects. In fact, a sylvopastoral component was added during appraisal. The Project Brief (June 1981) referred to a possible future national forestry project in which industrial and socially oriented project initiatives might be tried (which is what, subsequently, happened under Forestry II). 10. A Project Management Unit was created in DEFCS (in Rabat) to manage and coordinate the project. Its day-to-day field administration continued to be undertaken by the Provincial Forest Service Chiefs of Kenitra and (in part) Khemisset, with some additional staff. A Technical Coordinating Committee S was established and met quarterly, but was cancelled by the Minister in late 1985 when he assumed the position of Directeur, DEFCS, as the majority of its members met several times a week and could easily be contacted by telephone. The 1/ Comprising the Director of DEFCS, his five Division Chiefs, the two Forest Service Chiefs, the Chief of the Rural Affairs Division of the Ministry of Interior (MOI) and the Project Manager.  Minister also decided, at the same time, that the project should concentrate on stumping and replanting to the virtual exclusion of all other operations. The Project Manager has retained regular contact with the National Forestry Council (which should meet at least once a year) and the Provincial Forestry Councils. The Provincial Service Chiefs maintain regular contact with the Communal Councils. In the appraisal report, no co-financing was anticipated, but in practice, French bilateral aid was mobilized for genetic improvement (para. 17-b) and the rationalization study (para. 17-d). Proiect Imglementation 11. Loan negotiation took place at the beginning of February 1982, it received Bank approval on March 23, 1982 and the Loan Agreement was signed on April 15, 1982. The date of effectiveness was delayed from July 14 until October 28, 1982, because enactment of the decree of approval was delayed (Table 2). Fourteen supervision missions were undertaken in all. Management/technical problems (primarily concerning the composition of PMU staff and technical problems associated with mechanical stumping) were listed initially, but thereafter (end of 1983 to early 1990) finance (para. 12) was indicated as the principal problem (Table 3). The project was extended by two years, until June 30, 1990, ostensibly to complete or exceed certain targets but, in fact, to complete stumping contracts that were entered into in August 1987. 12. Two major problems that confronted the project virtually throughout its life were the inadequacy of local counterpart funding and, as a separate problem, the delays over payments of contracts, which destroyed any sense of urgency in land preparation by contractors and seriously delayed achievement of planting targets (para. 8). These delays were due to the fact that e\-.n when items were budgeted, and contracts signed and work therefore started, funds were not actually available. In some cases, contractors simply walked off jobs, awaiting payment for work already done. There was no action that could have been taken by the Bank or Project Management to avoid this problem. The proiect operations had been kept very simple and there was retroactive financing for land preparation of 1,935 ha, undertaken in 1981/82, for planting to speed initial implementation. From the time of the mid-term project review in February 1986 further work on roads, buildings and procurement of vehicles and equipment ceased and physical operations were virtually restricted to stumping and plantation establishment (para. 16). In addition to these reductions in targets, procurement of a road grader was abandoned. Revision of the Range Management component resulted in substantial savings in pasture improvement operations (Table 8), consultants of virtually all of the DEFCS studies, project fellowships and proposals for the rationalization study were cancelled and the forest inventory study was long delayed. The use of mineral fertilizer on eucalypts planted in areas that had previously carried them was probably the only source of increased project costs (para. 17-b). 13. For the most part, project physical achievements were less than targets (Table 6) but, even so, unit costs were normally well within appraisal estimates (road construction and rehabilitation were the only exceptions). The increase in value of the U.S. dollar (para. 2) provided considerable flexibility in disbursements. For the most expensive project operation of land preparation, prices in 1981 and 1982 were well within appraisal estimates, in spite of a rise in the price of diesel oil. By 1983, they were 30 percent lower than appraisal  estimates, primarily because contractors bid lower than expected as they had no alternative work available and some of the older machinery had already been amortized. Total costs normally rose with each contract but, by August 1987, the average was still only DH 6,141/ha (i.e. risen from DH 4,802/ha in 1981). 14. One of the major reasons for low disbursements was the increase in value of the U.S. dollar against the Moroccan dirham (DH 5.3, at appraisal rising to an average of DH 10.1 equivalei.z to US$1.0 in 1985). To increase the rate of disbursement and, hopefully, the speed of land preparation, the project was included in the first Special Action Plan (SAP I) and the disbursement rate for stumping raised from 60 percent to 90 L,ercent. It was applicable to expenditure incurred from November 1, 1983 to June 30, 1986. It was subsequently extended under SAP II to the project's original closing date of June 30, 1988 and retained when the project was extended to June 30, 1990. In spite of the increased disbursement rates, however, budgets were still inadequate to carry out the work, and funds budgeted were still not always available S. 15. There were four project loan cancellations in November 1984 (US$7.0 million) and August 1986 (US$5.0 million), associated with recalculation of the expected project costs at the introduction of SAP I and SAP II. A third cancellation occurred in June 1989: the Bank proposed US$4.5 million but the Ministry of Finance (MOF) cancelled only US$3.0 million, on the assumption that the forest inventory consulting firm would require more funds than it did. The final cancellation was associated with the closure of the loan in June 1990 and was for US$2.4 million. There was, in fact, a fifth cancellation of unused funds at the end of the project (November, 1990) of US$275,543 (Table 5) A Special Account of US$2.0 million was established around mid-1987 to speed disbursements, but the MOF system of collecting together vouchers for similar operations before submitting them to the Bank for payment actually delayed disbursements. Proiect Results 16. The annual physical aims (para. 8) and achievements of the project, 1982-1990, are shown in Table 6. Some 99 percent of the target area (16,408 ha of mechanized stumping and 3,400 ha of manual stumping V of 20,000 ha of eucalypt plantations) were stumped and 72 percent of the target (21,248 ha of 29,383 ha) were planted. Only old eucalypt plantations were stumped; reforestation of the 10,000 ha of natural forest (para. 8-ii) involved cutting trees or shrubs manually, followed by clearance by tractor and harrow and planting, with fertilizer if necessary but, in fact, all eucalypt planting was in open areas. The irrigation system at the existing forest nursery at Sidi Yahia was rehabilitated (a new well was dug) and seedling production was raised to 10 million/year. The road program (25 percent of 40 km of construction, The lack of available local budget was due to the fact that the budgeting procedure did not give priority to foreign-financed projects nor to projects where the proportion of foreign-financing was high. Poisoning of stumps (as opposed to physically removing them) prevented . coppicing -- but the scumps and roots were still physically present ten years later.  -7- 31 percent of 140 km of rehabilitation and 8 percent of 500 km of maintenance) was executed in on' three years; the building program (no office block at Tiflet 1J and seven out o.L a target of 12 houses constructed) in two years and the procurement of vehicles (87 percent of the target of 23 four-wheel drive vehicles, 100 percent of the seven trucks and no motor-grader) was undertaken in one year (1982-83). The range management target of 2,600 ha of pasture improvement was exceeded by 372 ha -- most of the latter was paid by K6nitra Commune, 1,404 ha of cork oak forest were pruned and cleared of dead and dying trees and the associated two year study completed. The training, forest economy and production and marketing studies were also executed, the forest inventory study was begun and the rationalization study was funded from other sources. Two fellowships (a ten-month bursary at Idaho University re eucalypt yield tables and a three-week study tour of Portugal re. cork production) were funded in the initial years (1982-84). 17. The project has met the first of the two stated objectives (para. 7) of increasing roundwood production (industrial timber and fuelwood), but has only partially met the second objective of introducing better planning and management techniques in forestry. The details are as follows. (a) The project has planted most of the 18,374 ha of new eucalypt plantations with the Lac Albacutya provenance of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Subsequent studies have shown that the provenance should not be planted in deep sandy soils (a sand depth of 1.5 m or less is best), with the result that there has been a reduction in the quantities of the Lac Albacutya variety planted. A student thesis W on the growth of this provenance in the project area distinguishes five site (fertility) classes, based, besides tree growth, on distance from the sea (20-70 km) and sand depth (0.5- 3.0 m). The first three fertility classes (the latter two are ignored - fast-growing plantations should not be established on deep sand) when planted with E. camaldulensis prov. Lac Albacutya produce Mean Annual Increments (MAI) of 11.03 m3, 7.95 m3 and 5.32 m3/ha/year. As explained in the last paragraph of page 73 of the thesis, however, these are volumes for pulpwood taken to only 6 cm. top diameter, if fuelwood is included too, then the best Quality Class produced a MAI of 12.81 m3 - the other two classes produce slightly lower growth rates. The office block at Tiflet was finally constructed at the Governor's budget expense. V Achaq, Abdenbi (1990): Etude de la Croissance et de la Production des Peuplements d'Eucalyptus camaldulensis provenance Lake Albacutya dans le Secteur Gharb/Mamora. mimeo. 78 pp. 4 annexes. Use of this thesis thus avoided reference to the Research Division's sample plots that have shown mean annual increments (MAIs) of up to 27 m3/ha/year but are fenced against grazing and are usually more carefully maintained than ordinary plantations.  -8- (b) Dr. Tijani Mandouri, the former sylviculturist at the Forest Research Station, has shown that with two doses of mineral fertilizer (instructions to increase applications from one dose at establishment, to two, at establishment and five years old, were issued early in 1990) yields of average plantations i.e. Quality Class II, will be close to those indicated in the SAR (i.e. a MAI of around 12 m3/ha/year). A comparison of these yields with those indicated in the recent Gharb/Mamora eunalypt plantation inventory (para. 18-b) suggest that they will be at least twice that of existing plantations. The genetic improvement program presently in place at Sidi Amira (approximately 1,250 ha planted by mid-1990) will probably produce yields of three or four times that of existing plantations (para. 18-b). In addition to this increase, primarily in industrial wood, there has been a substantial increase in fuelwood produced by the stumping of old plantations and used now throughout Morocco. An average of 50 tons (67 m3) of fuelwood/ha is produced, which is valued at approximately DH 5,000/ha and pays for most of the stumping, levelling and piling the stumps in rows prior to reforestation. (c) The project has partially "introduced better planning and management techniques for the forestry sub-sector" (para. 7). It has established the PMU to monitor and evaluate the project but needs to await implementation of Forestry II to ensure a properly equipped PMU, concerned with Moroccan forestry on a national scale, supported by the results of the national forest inventory and guided by the content of a National Reforestation Plan (para. 18- d). 18. There were, in addition, four unstated objectives or aspects that the project has either met or developed very substantially. They are: (a) establishment of a stumping system for the existing plantations that is applied by local contractors; (b) initiation of a genetic improvement program; (c) reorganization of the Research Division of DEFCS; and (d) provision of the basis for the Forestry II project. Details are as follows: (a) the project was solely responsible for the introduction and refinement of a method of stumping, levelling and wind-rowing of stumps (land preparation for reforestation) in the Gharb/Mam.ira area by local entrepreneurs. Although information existed on mechanized land clearance within the Mediterranean Region, there were special problems concerning the uprooting and removal of stumps and their sale from the Gharb/Mamora sandy soils that were not properly resolved until mid-1984; (b) reference has been made to the pulp mill's increasing demands on the Gharb/Mamora eucalypt plantations (para. 3). The loss of some 60,000 m3of eucalypt to Phoracantha insect attack, the series of droughts in 1981-84, low growth rates of many plantations (confirmed by inventories in the Gharb/Mamora region in 1989) were exacerbated by the Forest Services' system of felling increasingly younger stands (8-9 years instead of 12 years) from a wider and wider area to make good immediate shortfalls. Wood supplies were  9 thus substantially reduced and, since late 1986, the mill has been importing large quantities of wood (approximately 60 percent in 1988/89) to cover local shortages. The project SAR had discussed a genetic improvement plan to raise tree plantation production and the Bank again raised the subject with the Minister in early 1986. Following the wood shortages of 1986, a cooperative program between AFOCEL, DEFCS and, more recently, a French bilateral aid scheme has been launched at Sidi Amira to provide for the genetic improvement of eucalypts and their propagation (para. 17-a); (c) the project supported a substantial forest research program both by consultants and the DEFCS Research Division (para. 8); the latter covered sylviculture, genetic improvement, wood technology and forest protection. Throughout the 1980s there were difficulties with the Research Division, its organization and reporting systems in regard to both this and other Bank projects. In 1988, a new Chief of the Research Division was appointed. He has created six services in place of the original two in sylviculture and soil science, genetic improvement, forest technology, pathology, fauna and flora and a regional research center at Marrakech, and prepared written details of their organization and programs (December 1989). Disinterested or unqualified researchers have been replaced, equipment and vehicles have been purchased for research staff and protocols for cooperative research have been signed with other institutions; (d) an important aspect of the Forestry I project (which undoubtedly became more important as action resulting from studies, for example, was delayed) was to prepare the basis for Forestry II (para. 25-a), which effectively started in January 1990 and was declared effective in September 1990. In brief, Forestry II proposes to promote forestry planning (completion of the forest inventory, forest boundary demarcation, simple management plan preparation and reformulation of a National Reforestation Plan), forestry operations (regeneration of natural forest, plantation establishment, watershed management, range development and construction of forest roads) and support activities (nature conservation, research and the fuelwood study, training, institutional development, housing and equipment). Virtually all Gharb/Mamora studies have contributed to Forestry II: the forest mapping and inventory is a direct continuation of the Forestry I initiative, even the rationalization study, which was not executed under the project, contributed eucalypt inventories and cork oak forest regeneration techniques. 19. She indications are that all interventions proposed under Forestry I were well within the capabilities of DEFCS and, in the absence of the financial problems of the 1980s (para. 6) they could have been completed or exceeded within the project period allotted. Possibly the greatest failure was the range management component. Although the sylvopastoralist consultant provided numerous  . 10 - estimates of the financial return from these interventions, 1 it was not possible to calculate rates of return from this method because the yield data were collected but were inadvertently destroyed. The sylvopastoral component improved a larger area than targeted, in spite of the fact that the target was intended to compensate for 10,000 ha of new plantations in the Mamora forest whereas only less than half that number were established. Nevertheless, it failed to establish Grazing Associations in the project area, impose realistic grazing fees or undertake an adequate census of livestock that were grazing in the forest V or to meet the consultant's plan for a system whereby stock grazing and permanent employment would be provided for 2,000 laborers. The root cause of this problem is the incredibly high human/livestock pressure within the Gharb/Mamora area -- it would have been better to have initiated this scheme in an easier area. 20. Some 80 percent of tree planting under the project comprised eucalypt planting on stumped areas and as the rotation is very short (only 10 years), the PCR concentrates on the results from this species. In part III of this report Tables 9-A and B are composed of models for costs and revenues of one hectare of eucalypts, cleared manually or mechanically with one fertilization and Tables 10-A and B are exactly the same but with two fertilizations. Financial rates of return at appraisal were only 8.5 percent (mechanical stumping) and 14.5 percent (manual stumping), but were much higher at the end of the project i.e. 19.9 percent and 22.9 percent for mechanical stumping (depending on one or two fertilizations) and 33.9 percent and 36.5 percent for manual stumping (one or two fertilizations). The difference is due partly to the fact that the present calculation does not include indirect costs such as fire protection, roads, etc., as opposed to the appraisal calculation, but more particularly, to the substantial increases in the prices of the output, especially the stumps sold at the beginning of the plantation (DH 5,000/ha in 1988/89 compared to DH 600/ha at appraisal). The degree to which world prices of wood have affected the rates of return is shown by the Economic rate of return, which was 25 percent at appraisal but 35 percent and over 40 percent for mechanized stumping, depending on the number of fertilizations. Fertilization a second time is very important if fast growth is required; fortunately, more than half of the eucalypt plantations were five years old or less in early 1990, when the directive on the second fertilization (para. 17-b) was issued. 21. From these results it is clear that: (a) manual stumping is less costly per stump than mechanized stumping (in reality, as it requires 400 man/days to stump a hectare, it would require 2,000,000 man/days to clear 5,000 ha/year, or in 5-7 months, and there is insufficient forest labor to stump the vast ar.vas involved). In any case, the two are difficult to compare because mechanized stumping results in much deeper and more thorough soil cultivation than manual clearing; and (b) the second fertilization (para. 17-a) should 1/ e.g. Montoya, J.M. (1986): Rapport final sur la Mission d'Am6lioration sylvopastorale effectuee entre le 10/1/84 et le 10/1/86. mimeo. 24pp. V No further thorough livestock inventories were attempted after that in the Commune de Bouknadel (on the coast between Kenitra and Rabat) in 1985, but there will be another attempt in 1991, on a national scale (see the footnote to the appropriate section of Table 7 in Part III).  - 11 - definitely be adopted since the additional costs are more than offset by the additional growth. 22. It is difficult to assess the impa-t o:. Forestry I on Moroccan forestry in its broadest sense as it cannot be dissoiclat;ed from Forestry II in that the latter has proved to be a continuation and expeasion of the proposals enumerated under the original forestry project and its implementation has only just begun. A forest policy and strategy for forestry development were compiled in 1986 by a Moroccan committee under Forestry I as part of the preparation of Forestry II. It should be noted, however, that in spite of the forestry conditionality attached to two Agricultural Sector Adjustment Loans, the two greatest threats to Moroccan forestry -- wood theft for fuel and overgrazing -- have not been solved. Project Sustainabilitv 23. Sustainability and potential benefits of project activities arise from two sources: (a) inauguration and establishment of initiatives under the Forestry I project gr se e.g. (i) mechanized stumping of old plantations prior to reforestation; and (ii) use of the Planning Unit; and (b) inauguration under the Gharb/Mamora project, but actual establishment of the system under Forestry II, including proposals for refinement of the Planning Unit's operations, use of new equipment (e.g., personal computers), results of the forest inventory and preparation of the National Reforestation Plan, various actions arising from the training study, natural forest regeneration, forest range development and, particularly, genetic improvement of eucalypts (para. 18-d). All of these operations are sustainable; it would be the intention to increase and improve their benefits under Forestry II. 24. Actual benefits of the project are restricted to the faster growing Lac Albacutya provenance of EucalyRtus camaldulensis. This benefit is certainly sustainable and involves a considerable increase in existing growth rates. (para. 17-a). BaRk Performance 25. There are three periods during the project, when sharper focus or greater consistency of the Bank than was shown could have improved project performance. (a) The first was during formulation of project objectives. In view of the number of studies concerned with future organization of fQrest nanagement, it is surprising that preparation for c. subsequern- forestry project with emphasis on regular ireL inventory, range management, management planning, training, sn!4f financing, etc., was not specifically listed as a project component. If nothing else, it would have focussed greater attention on the studies and actions arising from them.  - 12 - (b) A mid-term review of the project was undertaken in February 1986 and comprised a proposed loan cancellation, following a review of project costs compared with appraisal estimates. Whilst the end- product is not in dispute, it would probably have been preferable to have revised the project, clearly excluded all proposals that were not going to be attempted because of Government budget reductions, and reduced the project scope and loan amount accordingly. (c) Finally, although close contact was maintained during the early half of the project with the MOF, supervision of the project during the final years was restricted to meetings with the executive directorate r'sponsible for project implementation (DEFCS) and made no contact with the MOF staff to acquaint them w' i project achievements or to try to obtain additional funds ror project initiatives. Borrower Performance 26. Equally, there were three subjects on which more precise action by the Borrower would have been to the project's advantage. (a) First, if DEFCS information on the poor growth rate of eucalypt plantations in the Gharb/Mamora area had been known with greater precision early in the project period, then many of the problems associated with wood supplies to the mill and availability of planting land under Forestry II, for example, could have been avoided and there would have been greater incentive for an earlier start to the genetic improvement program (pRra. 18-b). (b) Secondly, there was considerable procrastination over action on project study proposals (range management, training, forest economy). Indeed, in range management, action was begun and then stopped because of implementation difficulties. The forest mapping and inventory by aerial photography and remote sensing was, probably, the worst. Although DEFCS was committed to the idea, they studied and tested various options, in the hope of finding a more economic method; they finally accepted the inventory by aerial photography, but it took the whole project period including the two years extension to even begin. (c) Finally, although DEFCS undertook, in December 1987, to meet or exceed project targets on stumping, roads, vehicles and studies, as a condition of loan extension, no additional effort was made, in fact, and no complete explanation of the situation provided. Proiect Relationship 27. On a more positive note, the relationship between the Ministry, DEFCS, Project Management and Bank staff was excellent. The consistency of staff representation of both the Borrower (the Project Manager was the same throughout the project period) and the Bank (one member of staff has been consistently associated with the project, although not, regrettably, with the appraisal)  - 13 - proved to be especially useful - in preparing tha PCR, for example. The obvious lesson from this is that continuity of staff on both sides is a great asset to project effectiveness. Consulting Services 28. Although it had been hoped to employ all major consultants by January 1984, in fact, consultant terms of reference were not approved until early 1983, the first consultant (range management) was only employed in January 1984 and the shortage of complementary budget funds ensured that all remaining consultants were long delayed. 29. The standard of consulting services supplied under the project was generally satisfactory. The final report on the production and marketing of wood study was later than expected and some of the proposals of consultants did not sufficiently take into account Moroccan experience. For example, the proposal that much of the manual forestry work should be undertaken by cooperatives may have been technically correct but did not take into account the less-than- successful experience in is field in Moroccan forestry. Although the range management study proposal ere not complete (for example, they did not include an adequate livestock cer._as (para. 19), the consultant was interested in a variety of subjects, including the regeneration and utilization of the cork oak forest, 1J and contributed to the highly successful training of Moroccan cork strippers, in early 1988, by the Portuguese and largely financed by the Moroccan cork industry. Project Documentation and Data 30. Preparation and standards of project documentation were generally good (i.e. the six monthly progress reports, project research programs, terms of reference for consultants, etc.). Perhaps inevitably, budgetary constraints prompted administrative rather than technical supervision and, as time went by, progress report emphasized monitoring rather than evaluation, but these reports were, in fact, described as the best progress reports of any forestry project in the EMENA region. Annual audit reports were received, although with a four to six month delay beyond the due date. 1/ Most of the FAO/UNDP project proposals presently being implemented in the 60,000 ha Mamora cork oak forest are, in fact, based on the Range Management consultant's work, as is the successful regeneration of cork oak at Khemisset (200 ha) that was established under the Gharb/Mamora project in 1986/87.  - 15 - PART II PROJECT REVIEW FROM BORROWER'S PERSPECTIVE Kingdom of Morocco Ministere de l'Agriculture et de la R6forme Agraire (MARA) Direction des Eaux et For6ts et de la Conservation des Sols (DEFCS) From: The Director, DEFCS To: Chief, Agriculture Operations Division Rabat, May 22, 1991 EMENA World Bank Washington, D.C. Re: Loan 2110-MOR, Project Completion Report (Part II) In response to your fax of April 30, 1991 and following the telephone converset-ion between Mr. Holloway and Mr. Hammoudi on May 9, 1991, I enclose Part II of the Project Completion Report on the Gharb/Mamora Project (Loan 2110- MOR), set out in conformity with the Bank's outline. A - Comments on Part III of the Report This part, prepared by the Bank on the basis of data supplied by the DEFCS, contains statistical information on projected and actual results. The DEFCS has no comments concerning Tables 1-8. Tables 9A, 9B, lOA and lOB contained some incorrect information, which was checked and corrected at the time of Mr. Holloway's mission from March 12 to 18, 1991. B - Comments on Part I of the Report Part I of the Bank's PCR covers the project's direct and indirect objectives and notes the results obtained and the problems encountered during implementation.  - 16 - The rangeland component [composante pastorale] of the project did encounter certain difficulties in that the operations covered by this component were deemed incompatible with the soils and socioeconomic climate of the area. A detailed report on this issue was prepared by the expert responsible for supervision of this component and submitted to the Bank. It included a proposal for new techniques to be introduced to replace those originally planned (pruning of cork oaks, cutting of undergrowth). This proposal was accepted by the Bank and put into effect under the project. The cork oak pruning, which covered over 1,400 ha, was appreciated by the rural communes in the area, which accepted the principle of financing the operation following project completion. With respect to the low rates of loan disbursement, this was due basically to the rise in the value of the US dollar against the dirham (from US$1 - DH 5.30 at the time of project appraisal to US$1 - DH 9 toward the end of the project). To remedy the situation, the Bank twice stepped up the disbursement rate for "stumping" from 60% to 90% under special action programs (PAS I and PAS II). The proposal of the DEFCS to include reforestation in costs reimbursable out of the loan was not accepted by the Bank. C - Overview of Bank actions During project execution, the Bank carried out 14 supervision missions [missions de concertation], enabling it to follow the progress of the project activities and to be kept abreast of the problems encountered. The Bank spared no effect to ensure that those problems did not hinder the satisfactory progress of the project and the achievement of its objectives. However, the major problem throughout project implementation was the inadequacy of the annual budgetary allocations. This hindered the smooth progress of the project, and the completion date had to be extended by two years. With respect to the "consultancy" component, despite assistance from the Bank in the selection and choice of the experts, the studies carried out (see Table 8) did not yield the expected results and also ran into difficulties. By way of example, the study on wood marketing has still not been completed by ORT, and its usefulness is now in doubt since the information it contains is now two years out of date ? [sense inferred from practically illegible text - Translator]. D - Overview of MARA (DEFCS) actions At the end of the project's first year (Year 0), the DEFCS set up a special unit to manage, coordinate and monitor project activities, in compliance with the loan agreement. This unit was responsible for ensuring that the loan covenants were observed throughout the project. It served as the Bank's direct contact for passing on information from and to each of the parties. Execution and supervision of the field activities were entrusted to the Kenitra and Khemisset Forest Services located in the project area. These two services handled preparation of the invitations to tender issued to local contractors, supervision of plantation establishment, construction of roads and forest dwellings, and supervision and monitoring of stumping. They submitted periodic reports on the progress of the project activities.  - 17 - The most important action taken by MARA was to keep the project within its budget by prioritizing its components, limiting these to stumping and planting and studies. The program for the other components, such as roads and forest dwellings, was canceled for lack of sufficient budget funds. The project's impact on development can be measured by the volume of reforestation work (21,240 ha, of which 19,000 ha consisted of the replanting of stumped plantations and 1,448 ha took the form of new plantings). These plantings, mostly consisting of Eucalyptus camaldulensis of the Lac Albacutia variety, will help provide the raw material for the Sidi Yahya pulp mill. Aniother impact of the project is evident in the introduction of a new mechanized stumping technique for the old eucalyptus plantations. Although this technique was mentioned in the PNR, it had never been adopted on a large scale. The project made it possible to identify civil engineering enterprises possessing sufficient technology to handle this activity. In addition, several studies ? [.... words illegible - Translator] were carried out under the project with the aim of helping the DEFCS to better plan and manage the country's forest resources. The Gharb/Mamora project served as a basis for identification and preparation of two forestry projects suitable for external financing. "Forestry Project Phass II" represents a logical follow-up to the Gharb/Mamora project and is financed by a World Bank loan. The "Natural Resources Conservation Project" has received a loan from the ADB group (ADB/ADF). E - Bank-DEFCS relations Throughout project implementation, relations between the Bank experts responsible for appraisal, monitoring a.id ex-post evaluation [?and DEFCS staff] were marked by exemplary understanding and mutual collaboration. They were able to contact each other easily, a fact that enabled the Moroccan side to experience the methodological approach and the benefits of teamwork. The supervision missions were frequent and fruitful, and in most cases their results were reported in aides-memoire covering all the points discussed and offering the Bank's recommendations. /s/ L. Hissem  PART III: STATISTICAL INFORMATION Table 1: IBRD Loans Retevant to the Project Loan Number/ Year Project Title Approved Purpose of Project Status Comments 1. wasteland Enviromnent Coapenent Coaponent comprised 8,000 ha fruit tree Project completed in Financiat difficutties. Lack of Governaent Ln. 1602-NOR 1978 planting and 5,000 ha forestry tree June 1990. buJget, delays in payments and differential Fes-Karia-lissa planting, of dirhas/doDlar exchange. Agricutture Project 2. Forestry and soil conservation Coqponents coaprised 3,500 ha of pine Project conpleted in Financial difficulties as above. Reforestation components ptanting and forest management In Iserene December 1988. target actuatly exceeded (4,420 ha). Loan 1848-NOR 1980 Forest and 800 ha of forage shrubs and Loukkos Rural Development 2,000 ha of Acacia planting in Upper Project Loukkos. l 3. Several forestry and range Components included 36,275 ha of forest Project completed Serious financial difficulties as above (bud- 0mnagement components management plan preparation; 3,200 ha in December 1990. getary resources only 22X of SAR estimates in Ln. 2082-NOR 1982 assisted cedar regeneration; 2,500 ha 1984). Several proposats reduced or cancetled Middle las Agricultural cedar and 15,324 he holm oak coppice (e.g. exploitation) or financed by other Development Project thinning; equipment and training two fo- source (e.g. insect studies by DPV). Socio- rest exploitation teams; spraying 23,000 political problems over langeland component. ha of cedar and studies against pro- cessionary caterpillar, etc., etc. Planting of forage shrubs at Souhsoussen (2,000 ha) and Ain Leuh (1,000 ha). 4. Forestry, sol conservation and Coqponents comprised 8,000 ha of Project to be completed Financial difficulties as above; inproverma.t range improvement components productive and 4,000 ha of protective in June 1991. apparent late 1989. Ln. 2217-NOR 1983 plantat;ons (pine and eucalypts); soil Oulmes-Roamani Agricultural conservation (fruit tree planting and Development Project engineering) on 4,000 ha; and 12,000 ha of range iaprovement, i.e. thimning and pruning in oak areas.  - 2'' - MOROCCO GHARB/NAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 2: Planned. Revised and Actual Dates of Project Timetable PLanned Revised Actual item Date Date Date Identification S Sept. 24-Oct. 07, 1979 Preparation (1) May 22-Jun. 05, 1980 Preparation (2) i' Sept. 22-Oct. 16, 1980 Preparation Feb. 05-Feb. 14, 1981 Preparation Mar. 09-Mar. 14, 1981 Appraisal Jun. 02-Jun. 30, 1981 AppraisaL Oct. 01- Oct.05, 1981 Loan negotiation Jan. 18-Feb. 05, 1982 February 05, 1982 Board approval March 16, 1982 March 23, 1982 Loan signature Aprit 15, 1982 ApriL 15, 1982 Loan effectiveness JuLy 14, 1982 October 29, 1982 October 28, 1982 Loan cLosing June 30, 1988 June 30, 1989 June 30, 1990 S Principal missions leading to reports.  - 21 - MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 3: Mission data by Stases of the Pro ect S U P E R V I S I O N No. of Persons Mission Month/Year and Speciali- Staff Weeks Project Types of Major zation 1/ in field Status ProbLems IDENTIFICATION 04-05/79 09-10/79 2 (Ec/P & P) 4.0 PREPARATION 05-06/80 5 (Ec/Ag/For/ 5.0 Inf/Liv) 09-10/80 3 (Ec/For/ 6.0 For Ex) 02/81 1 (Ec) 1.0 03/81 1 (Ec) 1.0 APPRAISAL 06/81 5 (Ag/Ec/P & P/ For/For Ex) 15.0 10/81 1 (Ec) 1.0 SUPERVISION 1 06/82 2 (Ag/For) 2.0 1 Management Technical It 12/82 1 (Ec) 0.5 1 Management Technical III 01/83 1 (Ag) 0.2 - IV 11-12/83 2 (Ag/For) 2.0 2 Financial Technical V 07/84 2 (Ag/For) 2.0 2 FinanciaL VI 12/84 1 (For) 0.5 VIl 10/85 2 (Ag/For) 2.0 2 Financial Vill 02/86 / 1 (Ag) 0.5 IX 07/86 1 (Ag) 0.2 X 04/87 1 (For) 0.5 2 Financial Xi 12/87 2 (For/Ec) 2.0 2 Financial XII 10/88 1 (For) 0.1 2 Financial XiII 02/89 1 (For) 0.2 2 Financial XIV 02/90 1 (For) 1.0 2 Financiat , Ec: economist; Ag: agriculturist; For: forester; Liv: livestock; P & P: pulp and paper; Inf.: Infrastructure; For.Ex.: forest exploitation. V Mid-term Review  - 22 - MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 4: Loan Disbursements and Canceltations Disbursements (USS MilLions) IBRD Fiscal Year Actual % of Cancellations Estimated Actual Original Loan (a) Semester endina CumuLative Cumulative FinaL Loan (b) (US$ Millions) (a) (b) FY 83 Dec. 31, 1982 1.3 0.41 2 4 Jure 30 1983 3.5 1.18 4 11 FY 84 Dec. 31, 1983 4.1 1.68 6 16 June 30, 1984 7.8 1.85 7 18 FY 85 Dec. 31. 1984 9.4 2.30 8 22 USS 7.0 mil. (11/84) June 30. 1985 13.0 3.11 12 30 Dec. 31, 1985 14.6 3.66 13 35 June 30, 1986 18.5 4.23 15 40 FY87 Dec. 31, 1986 21.7 4.31 16 42 USS 5.0 mil. (08/86) June 30, 1987 25.5 5.00 20 49 FY 88 Dec. 31, 1987 27.0 7.95 29 77 June 30, 1988 27.5 7.98 29 77 Dec. 31, 1988 7.98 29 77 June 30, 1989 . 7.98 29 77 USS 3.0 mil. (06/89) FY 90 Dec. 31, 1989 . 8.58 31 85 June 30, 1990 . 9.78 37 100 USS 2.4 mil. (06/90) (Oct. 31, 1990)  - 23 - MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 5: Withdrawal of Loan Proceeds (US Dollars eguivalent) Original Loan: US$27,500,000 Cancellations: US$7.0 million (11/84); USS5.0 miltion (08/86) ) Total: US$3.0 million (06/89); US$2.4 million (06/90) US$275,543.21 (11/90); ) US$ 17,675,543.21 S Percentage of Expenditure OriginaL Loan To be Financed Category ALlocation Final Amount Disbursed Loan S.A.P. 1. Mechnical Stuffping 19,500,000.00 60% 90% 8,620,745.03 2. Civil Works Roads 2,500,000.00 50% 50% 195,783.55 3. CiviL Works Bldgs. 400,000.00 35% 35% 99,101.26 4. VehicLes and 100% Foreign 100% Foreign Equipment 1,100,000.00 65% Local 65% Local 136,476.62 5. Studies and 100X Foreign 100% Foreign Training 800,000.00 75% local 75% local 44,117.13 6. Fee 406,404.00 --.. 406,404.00 7. Unallocated 2,793,596.00 . . TOTALS: 27,500,000.00 9,902,627.59 I/ j/ Has a difference of USS 78,171.20 because of exchange fluctuations in amount in Special Account.  Page 1 of 2 GHARS/AMAORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAU 2110-MOR) PROJECT CCMPLETION REPORT Tabte 6: Physical Taraets and Achievements 1982-1990 1981-1982 1982-1983 1983-1984 1984-1985 1985-1986 1986-1987 1987-1988 1988-1989 1989-1990 Totat Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- lAchie- Achie- SUBJECT Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Targetget ved Target v 1,600 3,400 212.5 REFORESTATION (man) Stumping (ha) 800 1,935 1,800 1,960 3,200 2,084 3,700 1,957 4,200 1,616 4,700 2,457 2,076 2,323 570 18,400 16,408 89.1 _ _ _ . _ 1 1 (mech) Planting 1,000 2,128 3,000 2,431 5,000 2,578 6,500 3,130 7,000 4,648 6,883 2,461 2,409 1,093 370 29,383 21,248 72.3 ROADS (kn) Construction 10 2 10 8 10 - 10 - 40 10 25.0 Rehabititation 40 10 50 34 50 - 140 44 31.4 Maintenance - _ 50 - 110 42 170 o 500 42 8.4 BUILDINGS (unit) I _ I _ B off ices Stock Houses 12 4 3 12 7 53.8 VEHICLES (niIt) 4-wheet vehicle 23 20 23 20 87.0 Trucks 7 7 7 7100.0 RANGE MANAGEMENT (ha) Cutting under- 135 1,651 886 300 2,600 2,972 1143 growth  Page 2 of 2 MOROCC0 GHARB/1ANORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-NOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Tabte 6: Physical Targets and Achievements 1982-1990 1981-1982 1982-1983 1983-1984 1984-1985 19F5-1986 1986-1987 1987-1988 1988-1989 1989-1990 Total Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achie- Achi Achie- X SUBJECT Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Target ved Prunming/Sanitary 24 653 380 347 _ 1,404 Cutting FELLOWSHIPS 10 1 4 11 COISULTANCIES Iv. 6 6 12 12 6 6 24 24 100.0 SiL vopestoral Training 6 4 6 1 4 1 11 11 100.0 Forest Economy 31 3 _ - 2 2 2 6 6 100.0 Inventory 6 - 2 8 - Rationatization 8 8 Prod.action/ Marketing 6 6 6 6 100.0  Page 1 of 2 GHARBIMVIORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT CEPLET ION REPORT Table 7: Status of Covenants Section Brief Description of Covenants aolticable Compliance Remarks LA 1/ 3.01 For the most part Funds not provided "pronptly as needed". Due diligence clause LA 4.02 Establishment of Project Mnitoring Unit and LA 3.02 Yes PMJ staff in operation since 04/82; TCC (mainly Director and Division Technical Coordinating Coemittee Chiefs of DEFCS) meeting as required. Employ Range Management Specialist LA 3.03(a) Yes. Started 01/84 Emrployment of consultants satisfactory to Bank LA 3.03(b) Yes. Began 01/84 One consultant study executed by other means. Establish forest management plan for project area to LA 3.04 No. Not under Eucalypt plantation inventory in Gharb/Namora undertaken by Neknes N rationalize production and effect, taking Bank's project CRIA and irncluded in management plan by 12/89. Two year FAO/UNDP pro- a caments Into account ject (coaienced 09/89) to revise Gharb/Mamora management plan in respect of cork oak. Undertake a study on technical manpower and training LA 3.05 For the most part Study undertaken but in-service training program for staff (and thus, requirements for DEFCS staff and workers for indirectly, for workers) under present project ard Forestry II. forestry/wood processing and set up an in-service training program Study charcoal making and establishment of LA 3.06 Yes Studies by consultant and by Forest Research Division. Demonstrated cooperatives to charcoal makers but methods and cooperatives unacceptabLe to them. Witt be contirued under Forestry 11, with greater accent on education and pubticity. Submit semi-anmual progress reports profptty to Bank LA 3.06(a) Yes Submit completion report to Bank by 12/90 LA 3.08(a) Completed 5/91  Paoe 2 of 2 MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-NOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 7: Status of Covenants Section Brief Description of Covenants aDd icable Coartiance Remarks Maintain separate accounts and submit audit reports LA 4.03 Yes within 6 months of each calendar year Study financiat aspects (including stumpage rates) LA 4.04 Yes Study submitted 05/87: has provided basis for various proposats prima- of forestry sub-sector. Take action on proposats rily under Forestry II, but no forest exploitation component. Stupage rates will be studied by economist under Forestry II. This study should also analyze financing aspects of LA 4.05(a) Yes Various proposals made and followed up by DEFCS but since 06/86 (when $; forestry sub-sector to propose revenues for FNF 6X tax on imports imposed to replenish FNF) unsuccessful. Initiatives on autofinancing for DEFCS are contiruing. Establish grazier associations, grazing rates and LA 4.06(a) No In spite of mAch discussion and nunerous initiatives under the laws of satisfactory cost recovery forestry and on rainfed agriculture, no action has been taken on this important subject. V/ Pasture improvement under project to be undertaken LA 4.06(b) Yes Area improved but no additional action taken or provision made for according to mutually agreed time scheduled future maintenance or improvement. Foltow procurement procedures according to LA Sch. 4 Yes Schedule 4 of Loan Agreement I/ Loan Agreement If Learning that only 13X or 8.0 million cattle, sheep and goats believed to graze in the forest were registered, the National Forest Councit (by letter of January 21, 1991) has requested all Directorates of Agriculture to organize a census of animals grazing in the forest; the aim is to distinguishing numbers of animals of right holders from those of others and to charge each legtimate grazier a fee that will go towards improvement of forest pastures. (Noted in Supervision Report of Morocco Forestry 11 of March 1991).  Pame I of 3 MOROCCO GHARB/NAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-NOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 8: Prolect Studies Name of Study Purpose defined at Appraisal I Status lmpact of Study A. CONSUItTANT STLOIES 1. RANGE MANAGEMENT Advise local team on establishment Range Officers appointed early 198. at 2,972 ha improved by cutting undergrowth inctuding Grazing Associations and improvement Kenitra and Khdmisset. Study unider- additionat 1,404 ha improved by tree pruning and sani- 2,600 ha of Mamora Forest by seeding, taken 1/84-1/86. ConsuLtant (Montoya) tary cutting under project. Reveniue from cork cot- fertilization, ptanting forage shrubs proposed improving range without fen- tection improved. ComLwes refused to form Grazier and rotational grazing. cing by managing cork oak forest as Associations. Range offices continued and approxima- more economic in dry sandy areas such tely 1,000 ha of urdergrowth cleared at Counes' as Mamora and as proposed by the FAO/ expense in 1989. UNDP project in 1973 2. FOREST RESOURCE National forest resources to be mapped Fottowing two faited attempts (12/83 Consuttancy firm (Lavatin) expected to start 6/90 and SURVEY at 1:200,000 scale from sateltite ima- and 07/85) because of financiaL pro- continue for 4 years (Forestry I project: 0.5 years; gery with training for DEFCS staff as btems to emptoy consuLtants, agreed to Forestry 11 project: 3.5 years). contribution to National Forest Inven- undertake by existing 1988 aerial ao tory. photography with training in interpre- tation of satetlite imagery. 3. RATIONALIZATION Review of Gharb/lmamora to identify Fottowing two failed attempts (06/83 Eucalypt plantation inventory undertaken by DEFCS GHARB/MORA areas and include proposals in forest and 11/85) for financial reasons to Centre for Inventory and Management (CRIA), Meknes. FOREST MANAGEMENT management plan for pulp or cork pro- eaploy consultants, idea abandoned and and proposals included in forest management plan by duction, stock grazing, hunting, pursued by other means. 12/89. Two-year FAO/DANIOA project began 9/89 to make tourism, etc., etc. plan proposats for management, inctuding regeneration, of cork oak. 4. FOREST MANPOWER Assess national, technical marpower Study undertaken during 4/84-3/87; After much cogitation over consult_nt's proposals AND TRAINING requirement and propose training for final report submitted by consultant (itinerant training teams), DEFCS proposed in-service DEFCS In all forms of forestry inc- (Huygen), 6/87. training courses for technical staff only, which com- luding forest utilization. menced 6/89 and uill continue in expanded form under norestry 11. 5. FOREST ECONOMY Propose means of forestry self-finan- Study undertaken during 2/85-4/87; Many proposals included in Forestry 1I. Insufficient cing; review stuspage rates, planta- finat report submitted by consultant data available for detailed examination of stumpage tion establishment, commune partici- (Lawrie) 4/87 rates, but need to increase growth rates of plantations pation. forest exploitation, analyze and existing arrangement for putp mill subsidized wood constraints and make recommendations. prices confirmed uneconomic.  Pase 2 of 3 WOROCCO GHAR',IMAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-NOR) PROJECT CONPLETION REPORT Table 8: Project Studies Name of Study Purpose defined at Appraisal Status lipact of Study A. CONSULTANT STUDIES 6. PRODUCTION AND As stated; to exclude pulpwood, and Study undertaken (Huygen and Abet, Consulting firm (ORT) accepted responsibility for MARKETING WOOD fuetwood. Additional to Appraisat 2 x 3 months) 3/4-7/89 after appraisal delay; is row tooking for suitable consultant to AND WOOD PRODUCTS proposals, included primarily in the Forestry 11 (2/89). Reports submitted prepare final report; expect to have completed hope of covering uwder Forestry II. 6/90 and 11/90 but rejected by OEFCS by 6/91. as inadequate. S. DEFCS STUDIES (DEFCS, primarily the Research and Economy Divisions and the Project Management Unit, were to investigate anrual increases of wood volume of tree plantations through genetic improvement, vegetative propagation, fertilizer use, ijproved silvicultural practices, technical and economic assessment of improved wood utilization and its economics, rursery techniques and formulation of forest management plans within the project area. Consultancies were to be provided under the project in the following subijects). 1. FOREST FIRE CONTROL Examine problem; proposals to inte- After much advertising and discussion overgrazing is the principal reason why Morocco has grate Meteorology and Other Ministerial (i.e. offers received 01/84 but were had few forest fires to date (an average of 2-3,000 Departments of relevance, Civil rejected because cost considered ha/year are burned), but fencing of natural rege- aviation., Military, Gendarmerie, etc. excessive), cancelled by Forest Estate neration areas could change this situation. Plan in pilot area. Division of DEFCS. 2. SILVICULTURE Primarily genetic improvement aiming No proposals for most subjects. Gene- Most silvicultural studies made without technical at faster growth ard resistance to tic inprovement limited by absence assistance. AFOCEL genetic improvement/clonal pro- disease using seed orchards, cuttings, (for most of the project period) of a pagation program will continue untiL 1992. clones, etc. Also studies on thinmings, trained geneticist. AFOCEL genetic fertilization, spacing experiments, improvement program began in 1987. rotation lengths, etc.  Page 3 of 3 MOOCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-NR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 8: Proiect Studies Name of Study Purpose defined at Appraisal Status lIpact of Study 3. EXPLOITATION. (a) Analysis of exploitation techni- (a) No proposals; A6 above would be Both the mobile kiln and the Casamncase chimney were CHARCOAL PRODUCTION ques, organizatin of coupes and considered a contribution to this unacceptable to the Moroccan charcoal producers (in equipment used to recowmend improve- subject. spite a savings in time and raw materials) for various ments to work conditions, yield and (b) Studies were conducted on the reasons. Use of the Casamancase chimney will be re- product quality. mobile kiln by the Forest Research raised under Forestry 11. (b) Inprovement of charcoal production. Dividion and a manual published in July 1985. Demonstrations of char- coal production by the Casamancase chitrey were provided by a consul- tant (Huygen) during 4/84 - 5/85. 4. FOREST NURSERIES Proposals for rationalizing nursery After much discussion, cancelled by In fact, the motte moutee (which makes seedlings ex- o production (careful siting of fewer, the Forest Research Division. tremely heavy re carrying for long distances) is I larger nurseries) and for replacing gradually being replaced by ptastic sachets. the earth cLod (motte moul6e) around seedling roots by plastic sachet. 5. LAND PREPARATION Proposals for improving land clearance, (a) Consultant (Hawkes) visited area Stumps moved to edges of plot by tractor and trailer FOR stUTp evacuation, etc. in the sandy 3/83; made various proposals for as part of land clearance; readily sold (covering most REFORESTATION soil of Gharb/Mamora. land clearance iaprovement including of land preparation costs) to fuetwood merchants construction of a stump splitter. since late 1984. (b) Consultant (Deveria) visited area 4/84, at Bank's expense, no further improvement to land clearance sug- gested but additional proposals on stump evacuation.  - 31 - MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 9-A: EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS: Plantation Model for 1 ha With stum2ing '/ and one fertilization 11 Year Activity Cost/ha (Db H ContractQr'a profit (DH) 0 Extracting stumps 2,877 0 Clearing stumps into windrows 2,810 O Levelling soil 454 Year 0 TOTAL 6 ! 141 incluted 1 Tracing and piqueting 80 1 Digging 1,100 holes and adding fertilizer 140 1 Fertilizer (superphosphate 45%: 213 kg x DH 1.30) 277 1 Plants (1,100 x DH 0.5) 550 1 Transport, loading, unloading, etc. 90 1 Planting 220 1 Fertilizer (Ammonium nitrate 33.5Z:125 kg x DH 1.31) (Potassium sulphate 48X:100 kg x DH 1.85) 349 1 Spreading mechanically 160 1 Harrowing (2 ways) and hoeing around plants 260 Year 1 TOTAL 2.126 i2 2 Plants (150 x DH 0.5) 75 2 Transport, loading and unloading, etc. 20 2 Replacing failures 70 2 Harrowing (2 ways) and hoeing around plants 260 Year 2 TOTAL 425 128 3-5 Guarding (DH 29/year) 87 10 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table A-1) -- 11-12Guarding (DH 29/year) 58 13 Thinning (cost covered by benefits) -- 20 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table A-1) -- 21-22Guarding (DH 29/year) 58 23 Thinning (cost covered by benefits) -- 30 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table A-1) Grand Total of Costs of Plantation establishment and maintenance/ha: (rotation one: years 1-5) DH 3,317 (rotation two: years 11-13) DH 58 (rotation three: years 21-23) DH 58 '/ mechanized or manual (2,130 ha were stumped manually at DH 2,772/ha plus DH 441/ha levelling at 1987/90 prices). 3 44.31 or 7,581 ha of 17,095 ha planted.  - 32 - MOROCCQ GHaAiAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 211Q0-MCF PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 9-B: fiUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS: Benefits for 1 ha With stumping and one fertilization Year Activity Revenue (DH) 0 Stumps extracted (approximately 5o tons/ha) - fuelwood (1001) 50,000 kg x DH 0.1/kg 5-000 10 First clearfelling (8 e3/ha/year x 10 years - 80 m3/ha) - pulpwood (55X) 44 m3 x DH 280/m3 12,320 - poles (251) 20 m3 x DH 290/m3 5,800 - fuelwood (20X) 16 e3 x 725 kg/e3 - 11,600 kg x DH 0.3/kg 3.480 Total:21.600 20 Second clearfelling (9.6 m9/ha/year x 10 years - 96 m3/ha) - pulpwood (551) 52.8 e3 x DH 280/m3 14,784 - poles (251) 24.0 m3 x DH 290/m3 6,960 - fuelwood (201) 19.2 e3 x 725 kg/r3 - 13,920 kg x DH 0.3/kg 4.176 Total: 25.920 30 Third clearfelling (7 m3/ha/year x 10 years - 70 l3/ha) - pulpwood (551) 38.5 m3 x DH 280/r3 10,780 - poles (251) 17.5 m x DH 290/r3 5,075 - fuelwood (201) 46.0 m9 x 725 kg/r3 - 13,600 kg x DH 0.3/kg 3.045 T2al: 18.90 Grand Total: DH 66,420 with stumps: DH 71.420  - 33 - KOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REEOnI Table 10-A: EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS: Plantation Model for 1 ha With stumping'" and two fertilization v Year Activity Cost/ha (DH) Contractor's prof it (DHU O Extracting stumps 2,877 0 Clearing stumps into windrows 2,810 O Levelling soil 454 Year 0 TOTAL 6.141 included 1 Tracing and piqueting 80 1 Digging 1,100 holes and adding fertilizer 140 1 Fertilizer (superphosphate 45X: 213 kg x DH 1.30) 277 1 Plants (1,100 x DH 0.5) 550 1 Transport, loading, unloading, etc. 90 1 Planting 220 1 Fertilizer (Ammonium nitrate 33.5X:125 kg x DH 1.31) (Potassium sulphate 48X:100 kg x DH 1.85) 349 1 Spreading mechanically 160 1 Harrowing (2 ways) and hoeing a.ound plants 260 Year 1 TOTAL 2.126 2 Plants (150 x DH 0.5) 75 2 Transport, loading and unloading, etc. 20 2 Replacing failures 70 2 Harrowing (2 ways) and hoeing around plants 26Q Year 2 TOTAL 42. 128 3-5 Guarding (DH 29/year) 87 5 Fertilizer (superphosphate 45X: 213 kg x DH 1.30) (Ammonium nitrate 33.5%:125 kg x DH 1.31) (Potassium sulphate 48X:100 kg x DH 1.85) 626 5 Spreading fertilizer mechanically 160 5 Harrowing (2 ways) 210 Year 5 TOTAL 996 22 10 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table B-1) - 11-12 Guarding (DH 29/year) 58 13 Thinning (cost covered by benefits) 20 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table B-1) -- 21-22 Guarding (DH 29/year) 58 23 Thinning (cost covered by benefits) 30 Clearfelling (benefits: see Table B-1) -- Grand Total of Costs of Plantation establishment and maintenance/ha: (rotation one: years 1-5) DH 4,699 (rotation two: years 11-13) DH 58 (rotation three: years 21-23) DH 58 mechanized or manual (1,307 ha were stumped manually at DH 2,772/ha plus DH 441/ha levelling at 1987/90 prices). V 55.7X or 9,514 ha out of 17,075 ha planted.  - ,4 MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 10-B: EUCALYPTUS CAMALDULENSIS: Benefits for 1 ha With stumping and two fertilizations Year Activity Revenue (DH) 0 Stumps extracted (approximately 5o tons/ha) - fuelwood (100%) 50,000 kg x DH 0.1/kg 5.000 10 First clearfelling (11.8 r3/ha/year x 10 years - 118 m3/ha) - pulpwood (55%) 64.9 m3 x DH 280/m3 18,172 - poles (25%) 29.3 e3 x DH 290/r3 8,555 - fuelwood (20%) 23.6 e3 x 725 kg/m3 - 17,110 kg x DH 0.3 kg 5.133 Total: 31.860 20 Second clearfelling (14.2 m3/ha/year x 10 years - 142 m3/ha) - pulpwood (55%) 78.1 m3 x DH 280/r3 21,868 - poles (25%) 35.5 e3 x DH 290/m3 10,295 - fuelwood (20%) 28.4 m3 x 725 kg/3 - 20,590 kg x DH 0.3 kg 6.177 Total: 38.340 30 Third clearfelling (10.43/ha/year x 10 years - 104 l3/ha) - pulpwood (55%) 57.2 m3 x DH 280/r3 16,016 - poles (25%) 26.0 e3 x DH 290/r3 7,540 - fuelwood (20%) 20.8 m3 x 725 kg/3 - 15,080 kg x DH 0.3 kg 4.524 Total: 28.080 Grand Total: DH 93,280 with stumps: DH 103,280 M: \DAIY\PCR\MORPCR. TAB  MOROCCO GHARB/MAMORA FORESTRY PROJECT (LOAN 2110-MOR) PROJECT COMPLETION REPORT Table 11: Staff Inmuts (Staff Weeks) TO TASK FY82 FY83 FY84 FY85 FY86 FY87 FY88 FY89 FY90 FY91 Total Preparation 22.1 - - - - - - - - - 22.1 Appraisal 47.8 - - - - - - - - - 47.8 Negotiations/Board 2.4 0.1 - - - - - - - - 2.5 Loan Processing (LOP) 4.0 - - - - - - - - - 4.0 Sub-total 76.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.4 Supervision 3.5 8.5 8.5 6.4 7.5 6.4 6.0 3.2 4.6 1.7 56.3 Annual Implementation - - - - 0.2 0.1 0.1 - - - 0.4 Review Project Completion - - - - - - - - 2.9 1.4 4.3 Report Sub-total 3.5 8.5 8.5 6.4 7.7 6.5 6.1 3.2 7.5 3.1 c1.0 TOTAL 79.8 8.6 8.5 6.4 7.7 6.5 6.1 3.2 7.5 3.1 137.4 M \KENNEDY\PCRTABLE .PRN/ch