Niger - Education Project

Document of The World Bank FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FILE COPY Report No. P-3056-NIR REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT TO THE REPUBLIC OF NIGER FOR AN EDUCATION PROJECT May 6, 1981 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = CFAF US$ 1.00 = CFAF 210 MEASURES 1 meter (m) = 3.28 feet 1 square meter (m2) 10.76 square feet 1 kilometer (km) - 0.62 mile 1 square kilometer (km2) = 0.39 square mile 1 hectare = 2.47 acres 1 metric ton (t) = 2,20 pounds FISCAL YEAR October 1 - September 30 GLOSSARY/GLOSSAIRE ADB African Development Bank Banque africaine de developpement CFJA Young Farmer Training Center Centre de formation des jeunes agriculteurs COTEDEP Provincial Development Committee Comite technique departemental CPR Rural Improvement Center Centre de promotion rurale EAATEN Animal Production Technicians Ecole des assistants et agents School techniques de l'elevage ECE Animal Production Training Ecole des cadres de 1'elevage School EDF European Development Fund Fonds Europeen de developpement ENA National School of Administration Ecole nationale d'administration ESA University School of Agriculture Ecole superieure d'agronomie FAO Food and Agriculture Organization Organisaition mondiale pour l'agri- culture et l'alimentation INDRAP National Institute of Education Institut national de documentation de recherche et d-animation pedagogique INRAN National Agricultural Research Institut national de la recherche Institute agronomique IPDR Rural Development Training Institut pratique pour le develop- Institute pement rural MDR Ministry of Rural Development Ministere du developpement rural MEN Ministry of National Education Ministere de leducation nationale MES Ministry of Higher Education and Ministere d 1'education superieure Research et de la recherche MFP Ministry of Civil Service and Labor Ministere de la fonction publique et du travail UNDP United Nations Development Programme des Nations Unies pour Programme le developpement  FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY REPUBLIC OF NIGER EDUCATION PROJECT Credit and Project Summary Borrower: Republic of Niger Amount: Special Drawing Rights 17.3 Million (US$21.5 Million) Terms: Standard Project The project comprises a five-year program to improve Description: educational planning and the preparation of education projects, planning for civil service upgrading and the training of rural development workers. It includes (a) technical assistance and fellowships to assist in educa- tional planning and project preparation; (b) technical assistance to the Ministry of the Civil Service and Labor to establish a training directorate, review the needs for upgrading and formulate pilot upgrading programs for the public administration; (c) the final phase of expansion and upgrading of an agricultural technician training institute at Kolo; (d) the development of a new animal production training school at Kolo; and (e) technical assistance and operating costs for project management. Project Risks: Project risks relate primarily to the implementation of the agricultural and animal production technician training and include possible: (a) implementation delays; (b) inefficiencies in the proposed training programs; and (c) factors affecting the efficient field work of graduates from the project institutions. Measures to minimize risks are included in the project. Estimated Cost: 1/ Local Foreign Total ----(US$s million)----- Educational Planning 0.0 0.4 0.4 Public Administration - 0.1 0.1 Agricultural Technician Training 3.6 4.6 8.2 Animal Production Training 4.9 6.9 11.8 Project Management 0.1 0.4 0.5 Base Cost 8.6 12.4 21.0 Physical Contingencies 0.8 0.9 1.7 Expected Price Increases 1.5 2.8 4.3 TOTAL 10.9 16.1 27.0 1/ Project costs are expressed net of taxes, since Government will exempt the project from import duties and identifiable taxes. This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  - ii - Financing Plan: Local Foreign Total IDA 7.6 13.9 21.5 UNDP 0.3 2.2 2.5 Government 3.0 - 3.0 TOTAL 10.9 16.1 27.0 Estimated Disbursements: Fiscal Year Annual Cumulative - ------------US$ Million---------- 1982 0.9 0.9 1983 5.6 6.5 1984 11.4 17.9 1985 1.3 19.2 1986 2.1 21.3 1987 0.1 21.4 1988 0.1 21.5 Appraisal Report: No. 3047-NIR Map: IBRD 15050  INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED CREDIT TO THE REPUBLIC OF NIGER FOR AN EDUCATION PROJECT 1. I submit the following report and recommendation on a proposed credit for the equivalent of Special Drawing Rights 17.3 million (US$21.5 million) on standard IDA terms to the Republic of Niger to help finance a proposed education project. The United Nations Development Program would also contribute US$2.5 million to the project. PART I - THE ECONOMY 2. A report entitled "Economic Memorandum: Niger" (RN 1109a-NIR) was distributed to the Executive Directors on May 13, 1976. An economic updating mission also visited Niger in February 1981, and the main findings of the mission are incorporated in the following paragraphs. Annex I contains country data. Background 3. Until recently, Niger was a resource-poor country. Consumption as a proportion of GDP was high and sometimes in excess of domestic produc- tion. Accordingly, gross domestic savings were very low or negative, and most investment, modest at 12 percent of GDP, was financed by foreign savings. This trend was reversed in recent years thanks to rapidly growing uranium revenues: in 1979, uranium mining accounted for 19 percent of GDP, about 80 percent of total export earnings, and 43 of government revenue. As a result, gross domestic savings, which represented 9 percent of GDP in 1975 grew to 14 percent of GDP in 1979, while the country-s resource gap decreased substan- tially from 14 percent in 1975 to less than 8.5 percent of GDP in 1979. Despite its rapid gains from the uranium sector, Niger, with a per capita GDP of about US$280 in 1979 remains among the 29 least developed countries of the United Nations. 4. Despite the possibility of mobilizing domestic savings, however, Niger continues to face a number of formidable natural, economic, and human constraints to development which will have to be overcome or alleviated to ensure self-sustained economic growth in the long-run. First, many Govern- ment institutions are still in an embryonic state of development. Second, four fifths of the country is desert or semi-desert and in the rest, which supports about 80 percent of the population, soil fertility is low and pro- bably declining. In addition, rainfall is often irregular or inadequate and  -2- the costs of irrigation schemes are unusually high. Third, the country-s land-locked position induces high transport costs and sometimes serious delays in the delivery of imports. Finally, Niger has a primary school enrollment rate of only about 17 percent, which is one of the lowest rates in the world and has led to acute shortages of literate and qualified personnel at all levels and in many fields in the economy. These problems are now being compounded by the fact that uranium revenues are sharply declining as a result of a drop in uranium prices, which is not expected to correct itself much before the end of the decade. With an ambitious investment program predicated on maintenance of the real prices and increasing production, the five-fold drop in uranium revenues to less than 10 percent of total budget receipts foreseen for 1981 is already being felt in increasing budgetary stringency, and growing reliance on foreign borrowings, particularly commercial. Economic Growth 5. Real GDP grew at 3 percent per year during the six-year period 1972-78, while population grew at 2.7 percent. Between 1972 and 1975, real GDP recorded negative growth, mainly as a result of severe drought-induced setbacks in agriculture and livestock production, compounded by the result- ing recession in agro-industries. In the subsequent three years (1976-78), the economy picked up considerably to achieve an annual growth rate of over 9 percent; however, 1979 and 1980 show some decline, moving to 7.5 percent in 1979 and 6 percent in 1980. This reflects the impact of uranium mining and related activities such as transport and construction, on the economy. Production of uranium concentrates increased rapidly from some 400 tons to about 2,000 tons between 1971 and 1978, while its export prices almost quin- tupled from US$20/kg to US$98/kg. However, with prices falling to about US$62/kg in 1981 after remaining virtually constant in 1978-80, the con- straining effects are likely to limit GDP growth to 4 percent or less. Despite the vicissitudes in the uranium sector, growth in traditional sec- tors, in particular agriculture and agro-industry, has been modest. Public Finance 6. Over the last seven years, sound fiscal management, with the help of rapidly rising revenues from uranium mining, had enabled the Government to generate substantial current budgetary surplus. This amounted to about CFAF 9.2 and 14.1 billion in FY76/77 and FY77/78 respectively. Results for 1978/79 show a further improvement to about CFAF 24 billion. These surpluses permitted rapid growth of capital expenditures in absolute as well as in relative terms from CFAF 2.6 billion in FY75/76 (about 10 percent of total budgetary expenditures) to CFAF 14 billion in FY77/78 (32 percent) and CFAF 19 billion in 1978/79. As a result, the contribution of budgetary savings to total public investment increased from 10 percent in FY70/71 to more than 28 percent in FY78/79. As a result of the drop in prices, however, the budget- ary savings ratio is likely once again to drop below 10 percent. On the other hand, the tax base has been undergoing significant changes in recent years. First, Government revenue relies heavily upon uranium mining, which accounted for about 30 percent of total revenue in FY77/78. Second, in an attempt to ease the tax burden of low-income groups, a number of measures were introduced: livestock head taxes were abolished in FY74/75 following the 1973  drought, the head tax levied on the population aged 14 years and over was completely abolished in FY77/78, and income taxes on monthly salaries below CFAF 15,000 were eliminated beginning FY77/78. The foregone revenues from those sources are estimated at about CFAF 4 billion. These fiscal measures reflect Government's increasing concern with the problems of social equity and particularly the fate of the rural poor. However, at a time of considerable budgetary stringency imposed by the drop in uranium prices, the results in question are making the Government's overall budgetary situation even more difficult. 7. The annual rate of inflation averaged 8 percent over the period 1972-75, but rose to over 20 percent in 1976 and 1977. Due to the normal harvests in 1977/78, inflation as measured by the implicit GDP deflator levelled off somewhat in 1978 at an annual rate of 12 percent, where it has remained since. Three major factors contributing to recent inflation include the supply constraint in basic commodities, especially in food, rising prices for imported goods, and rapid monetary expansion. Balance of Payments 8. In spite of the rapid increase in export earnings from uranium, Niger's balance of payments continues to be characterized by a trade deficit: the imports required for operating the economy as well as for new capital formation including development of new uranium mining still exceed foreign excchange earnings. This trade deficit was, however, more than compensated by the inflow of foreign private and public capital so that the overall balance of payments showed a substantial surplus until 1978. However, estimates indi- cate an overall deficit of about US$2.5 million in 1979, the first in some years. The fall in uranium prices is likely to bring about a considerable reduction in total earnings in 1981 and beyond, a substantial part of which may be compensated for by increased commercial borrowings and a higher future debt service burden. In fact, the Government is already undertaking some commercial borrowing to finance Plan investments. Development Planning 9. The Five-Year Development Plan, 1979-1983, was only recently pub- lished and identifies Niger's basic objectives as: (a) the modernization of agriculture and livestock production; (b) a high rate of economic growth spurred by investments in mining, industry, transportation and communica- tions; (c) human resources development; and (d) a gradual reduction of regional disparities in income. On an annual basis, the public investment target implies an increase of 220 percent over the 1976-78 Plan. About 30 percent of public investments over the Plan period will be allocated to rural development, 30 percent to mining, energy and industry, 22 percent to educa- tion and health, and 18 percent to transportation and communications. The total investment target of the Plan is US$3.5 billion in 1979 prices with US$1.8 billion for public investment. Implementation of 1976-78 Plan fell far short of its targets, largely due to a limited absorptive capacity and diffi- culties in project preparation, caused primarily by manpower constraints. These are likely to continue being a major barrier to the implementation of the new Plan. In addition, the downward trend in uranium prices can be  expected to set further limitations on plan implementation; 42 percent of public investments in the Plan are set out for Government financing. Foreign Aid 10. Between 1971 and 1977 Niger's total recorded net in-flow of resources from DAC countries and multilateral agencies averaged about US$80 million annually, of which 95 percent was on concessionary terms. The Euro- pean Development Fund (FED), France, Germany and Canada remain Niger's major aid donors, although recently Arab oil-producing countries have increased their lending programs to Niger. However, in the two year period between 1978 and 1980 external public debt more than doubled, rising from about US$400 billion to US$855 million at end 1980, with indications that the same pace of borrowing is continuing into 1981. About 25 percent of new commitments originated from private banks and suppliers. Given the short grace periods and high interest rates now prevailing, debt-servicing obliga- tions of the government doubled over previous year in FY1980/81, and now account for 14 percent of budget revenues. 11. Total debt outstanding increased by US$332 million during 1980; only US$355 million of the US$885 total had been disbursed by the end of 1980. Bilateral loans (disbursed and undisbursed), 53 percent of which were received from France, were only US$290 million of the 1980 total. Multilateral loans amounted to US$312 billion, US$138.1 million of which represented IDA credits (16 percent of overall indebtedness). The remainder US$283 billion, was divided almost equally between suppliers' credits and banks, and given the heavy interest rates prevailing on these loans, overall debt service, now only US$21 million, will rise nearly five-fold to US$98.8 million in 1983, which, if uranium prices fail to rise, will exceed 20 percent of exports as compared with 3.3 percent in 1979. 12. Perhaps the major issue which Niger faces is how to scale down its ambitious 1979-83 Plan to expenditure levels which are consistent with the sharply reduced revenue offtake from the uranium sector, where net government receipts fell from CFAF 24 billion in 1980 to CFAF 5 billion in 1981, rather than growing as expected. In light of this situation, the Bank is discussing with the Government the need to tailor its investment plan to a level consis- tent with its future resources and debt service capacity. Whatever the evolu- tion of these discussions, it is abundantly clear that Niger continues to face substantial physical and human constraints, particularly with a literacy rate of 8 percent, near the lowest in the world. Given a resource situation with little promise for the next five to ten years, the extremely low level of development and the largely unmet basic needs of the population, Niger will continue to require concessionary, as well as local cost, financing for some time to come.  PART II - WORLD BANK OPERATIONS IN NIGER 13. Eighteen IDA credits, including two supplementary credits, have so far been approved for Niger totalling US$136.7 million. Annex II contains a summary statement of these credits as of February 28, 1981 and notes on the execution of on-going projects. Past Bank Group lending was heavily con- centrated on transport, communications and rural development. Of the eigh- teen projects approved to date, five aimed at expanding and upgrading the domestic road network, one provided for improvement and extension of existing facilities at Niamey international airport, and one for the installation of a more reliable telecommunications system. The Association's lending to date for the rural sector includes seven projects for drought relief, rural development, forestry, irrigation and livestock. There has been no previous Bank Group lending for education in Niger, although projects in other sectors have included important project-related training components. Differences between Government and the Bank concerning priorities for investment in the mid-1970's prevented progress toward the financing of an education project until recently. 14. In keeping with Niger's overall development strategy, future Bank Group lending will continue efforts in the rural and transport sectors, but also increasingly support Government efforts to diversify the economic structure, expand modern sector employment, and manpower requirements. We will also continue to advise Government on policy issues and options through our economic and sector work. 15. To address objectives in education, the Bank Group will provide support over the long-term for (a) strengthening the ministries responsible for planning and managing education and training; (b) expanding the facilities for primary education; (c) upgrading and expanding the training of teachers in both general and vocational fields; and (d) developing key vocational, techni- cal and professional education and training programs. The Bank Group will also assist in addressing manpower issues by including project-related and sector-related training in all Bank-assisted projects for Niger. 16. In agriculture, Bank Group lending supports Government's generally sound strategy, namely regional projects aimed at increasing production, gradual development of the country's irrigation potential, provision of services to pastoralists, and crop-livestock integration. Due to the severity of the natural constraints and the present state of technical knowledge, agricultural and livestock development in Niger will be slow and difficult. However, experience with ongoing projects has demonstrated that potential does exist, and can be realized with the provision of appropriate inputs and extension services. In transport, we plan to place emphasis on assistance for the construction of a network of secondary and access roads to support the Government's agricultural program while continuing our support for the mainte- nance of the existing infrastructure; a feeder roads project approved in FY79 marks a first step towards this objective. The Bank is also evalu- ating a technical assistance project which would consist of feasibility studies for priority projects, followed by the coordination and monitoring of project activities by line ministries, strengthening Niger's external debt management system.  -6- PART III - KEY HUMAN RESOURCES AREAS General Education 17. The level of human resources development in Niger is among the lowest in the world. Only 8 percent of the population are literate and enrollment ratios for the formal education system are about 17 percent at the primary level, 2 percent at the secondary level, and a negligible percen- tage at the tertiary level. These ratios, which are similar to corresponding ratios for Chad and Upper Volta, are also among the lowest in the world. In addition, the provision of information and services to the rural population is limited by a shortage of extension workers. Major nonformal programs, such as functional literacy and farmer training, reached fewer than one out of every 100 rural families in 1976/77. Thus, at present the vast majority of Nigeriens have no access to education and training programs of any kind. The limited education base is a major constraint to development, and it has led to acute shortages of managerial, technical, skilled and literate manpower at all levels. 18. The Ministry of National Education (MEN) is responsible for primary and secondary education, and the Ministry of Higher Education and Research (MES) is responsible for university education and operation of the National Agricultural Research Institute (INRAN). The National Institute of Education (INDRAP) plays an important role in curriculum development, in-service teacher training, educational broadcasting, development of learning materials, and project identification and preparation. 19. The Government has made significant efforts to expand education during recent years and enrollments have been increasing at an average annual rate of 10 percent at the primary and 15 percent at the secondary levels. However, with inadequate planning, a limited education base and rapid popula- tion growth, these efforts have led to only modest progress in resolving major issues confronting the sector, which include: (a) a lack of qualified local staff for planning and administra- tion of education and training programs; presently, more than 50 percent of such staff are expatriates; (b) limited and unequal access to education and training, espe- cially for the rural population and for women; the proportion of girls is 35 percent at the primary level, 29 percent at the secondary level and 14 percent at the tertiary level; (c) low internal efficiency; only about 50 percent of pupils beginning primary school complete the course;  - 7 - (d) a teaching corps which is overwhelmingly untrained at the primary level and predominantly expatriate at the secondary and tertiary levels; in 1976, 50 percent of the primary teachers had a primary school leaving certificate as their highest qualification, and 70 percent of the secondary teachers were expatriates; and (e) inability of the education system to produce adequate numbers of literate, skilled and educated Nigeriens to meet priority manpower requirements. These issues have been exacerbated by insufficient recurrent financing of education, a result, not so much of difficulty to mobilize the necessary funds, but rather of weak financial planning. Government is now recognizing the need to take into account the recurrent cost implications in developing education. 20. The development of human resources has a high priority in the Five-Year Development Plan, which sets out three long-term objectives: (a) basic education for all school-age children, (b) an education and training system adapted to the country's development needs, and (c) the production of skilled and educated manpower. During the Plan period the Government proposes in particular to: (a) increase the primary school enrollment ratio from 17 percent to 25 percent and the transition rate from primary to secondary school from 40 percent to 50 percent; (b) strengthen the Univer- sity of Niamey, particularly the departments concerned with agriculture, forestry, animal production, education, law, business, and science; and (c) train people to meet the most immediate requirements for skilled manpower in agriculture, animal production, mining, communications and transportation. The Government will seek to improve the quality of education by expanding the output of teaching staff, recruiting teachers at a higher educational level, upgrading primary teacher training and intensifying in-service teacher training. It will also strengthen the staff of the institutions responsible for education and expand the school inspectorate system and attempt to upgrade educational facilities, equipment and materials. It will aim at including training components in all development projects. 21. The Government's long-term educational development objectives and the strategy for achieving them appear sound. The strategy addresses the three most important sectoral issues: access, quality, and priority manpower requirements. However, the Government has not yet defined specific means for realizing its objectives. The next step in the planning process, therefore, is to formulate specific and well-prepared programs and projects which could be suitable for both local and international financing. As the Government's educational planning bodies are not sufficiently staffed to do this, the Gov- ernment has recently requested the UNDF to finance one man-year of technical assistance and several man-years of fellowships for educational planning. To complement UNDP-financed assistance the Government has asked the Bank Group to finance additional technical assistance for educational planning and project preparation, and fellowships in educational planning and school mapping.  -8 The Public Administration 22. The public administration faces a number of issues, including overly centralized decision-making, inconsistent personnel management proce- dures, a lack of suitably trained civil servants, and shortages of qualified candidates for the civil service. Less than 10 percent of Nigerien civil service personnel have a baccalaureate degree or higher qualifications and more than 50 percent have only a primary school-leaving certificate as their highest qualification. 23. The Ministry of the Civil Service and Labor (MFP) is responsible for the management of the civil service. With the assistance of UNDP-financed specialists, the Government is trying to (a) improve both pre-service and in-service training for civil servants, (b) improve the structures and proce- dures of the MFP, (c) harmonize personnel management practices across the public sector, (d) improve public service regulations and (e) mechanize personnel management. The training functions of the MFP are carried out primarily through the National School of Administration (ENA). 24. The Government is also trying to establish a systematic program for on-the-job upgrading of civil servants. The MFP, has recently begun a series of upgrading seminars on a pilot basis. The Government plans to further develop the upgrading program through establishing a training directorate in the MFP which will define general policies and programs, initiate training programs, and prepare future upgrading projects. The Government has asked the Bank Group for technical assistance for this. Agricultural Education and Training 25. Background Technical and administrative weaknesses in the extension and research services have contributed to slow agricultural development in recent years. In the livestock sector, productivity levels are modest, and there is a need to improve the management of animal production and technical advice and inputs for pastoralists. The lack of well-qualified middle-level cadres was a major constraint to the successful implementation of agriculture and animal production projects during the 3-year Interim Plan, (1976-1978). A shortage of this staff was also a major barrier to the implementation of the Agricultural Credit Project (Cr. 207-NIR), as noted in the Project Performance Audit Report (SECM 78-424, dated May 12, 1978). 26. Manpower Development for Agriculture and Animal Production. Agricul- turalists in senior supervisory positions are trained at the University School of Agriculture (ESA) in Niamey, with the final year undertaken overseas. Veterinarians are trained abroad. Field managerial and senior extension staff for both agriculture and animal husbandry are trained at the ESA. Technicians, assistant technicians and extension agents are trained in agriculture and related fields at the Rural Development Training Institute (IPDR) in Kolo, and in animal production at the Animal Production Technicians School (EAATEN) in Niamey. Field extension staff and auxiliaries working in direct contact with farmers receive short periods of on-the-job training in specific topics related to their work. There are also a number of non-formal training institutions, including rural youth centers (CFJAs) and Rural Improvement Centers (CPRs) for  - 9 - the training of young farmers and their wives. The Maradi Rural Develop- ment Projects (Cr. 608-NIR and 1026-NIR) are supporting these centers. 27. The ESA and universities overseas are adequately addressing the requirements for professional and managerial manpower. Manpower needs at the direct contact extension level are dealt with under IDA-financed and other agricultural and livestock projects. The main staffing gap and the crucial manpower constraint is for technicians and extension agents at the middle level. The IPDR is the only middle-level agricultural training center in the country. At present IPDR trains 75 extension agents and 35 assistant technicians per year, which is considerably less than the 140 extension agents and 70 technicians per year which are estimated to be required to meet the manpower requirements of ongoing and planned investments in agricultural- related activities. In addition, there is a need for qualitative improvement of the training programs. At present there is little student involvement in field activities, imprecise formulation of teaching objectives, poorly se- quenced learning units, and little or no evaluation of teaching effectiveness. As the enrollment of the IPDR has grown, these weaknesses have been exacer- bated by a lack of qualified and experienced teaching personnel, the poor state of repair and insufficient capacity of many of the buildings, and inadequate equipment. Therefore, the IPDR is being expanded and upgraded through an ongoing development program which includes: (a) an increase in capacity to 450 students which will produce an annual output of 100 extension agents and 50 technicians; (b) the phasing out of training for assistant technicians and the introduction of separate training programs for extension agents and fully qualified technicians; (c) improvements in the content and the methods of instruction and the creation of a unit for producing instruc- tional materials; and (d) an increase in the relationship between field work and class work. The Government has received a considerable amount of assis- tance in implementing this program. A Technical Consultative Committee under the Ministry of Rural Development (MDR), and including agricultural educators from Algeria, the Netherlands, the United States and Niger, is advising on management, curricula and staff and student recruitment. An ad hoc Nigerien coordinating committee, representing the agencies hiring IPDR graduates, is helping to address the Technical Committee's recommendations. Switzerland, Belgium, the EDF, the Netherlands and the United States are financing various parts of the IPDR development program. The major gaps in completing the program are technical assistance for management, additional fellowships for staff development, development of the school farm, and renovation and con- struction of staff houses, dormitories, and additional communal and academic facilities. The proposed project would address these need. 28. With regard to middle-level animal production personnel, the EAATEN has been training over the past five years an average of 15 Nigerien extension agents and 15 Nigerien assistant technicians each year. The pres- ent output of the EAATEN is significantly less than the estimated average annual requirements until 1983, which are 25 fully qualified technicians and 50 extension agents. In addition to the need for increased output of middle- level personnel, there is, as in the case of IPDR, a need for qualitative improvements in the training programs. Many of the weaknesses noted for IPDR also apply to EAATEN, particularly the lack of field work and the excessive  - 10 - concentration in the curriculum on animal disease control. Moreover, the school is situated in the center of Niamey on a site which does not allow for expansion, is surrounded by urban housing, and isolated from examples of the animal husbandry practiced over most of the country and is seriously over- crowded. The UNDP and the FAO have assisted the Government in formulating a program to upgrade the teaching staff of the EAATEN, improve the EAATEN curri- culum, upgrade the level of technician training, and increase the annual out- put of middle-level staff to 50 extension agents and 25 technicians. Under this program, a new school, Ecole des Cadres de l'Elevage (ECE), would be constructed at Kolo, and five branches for field training of students will be established in rural areas, in association with livestock development proj- ects. The proposed project would support this effort. PART IV - THE PROJECT 29. An IDA mission identified the project in July, 1978, and it was appraised in December, 1979. Negotiations for the proposed credit were held in Niamey from February 24 to February 26, 1981. The Niger delegation was led by Mr. Brah Mahamane, Minister of Plan. Annex III contains supplementary project data. The Staff Appraisal Report "Niger - Education Project" No. 3047-NIR is being circulated separately to the Executive Directors. Project Objectives and Description 30. The proposed project would address three critical human resource constraints: (a) the limited development of the formal education system; (b) shortages of qualified civil service personnel; and (c) shortages of middle-level technicians and extension workers in agriculture and animal production. The project would be implemented over the 1981-87 period and would comprise the following components: (a) Educational Planning and Project Preparation: technical assistance, fellowships and equipment to assist in educational planning and project preparation; (b) The Public Administration: technical assistance to the Ministry of the Civil Service and Labor to establish a training directorate, review the needs for upgrading civil service personnel, formulate and implement pilot upgrading programs, and prepare upgrading projects; (c) Agricultural Technician Training: construction, furniture, equipment, vehicles, technical assistance, fellowships and initial operating costs for the development of the school farm, for the final phase of expansion and upgrading of the IPDR, Kolo; (d) Animal Production Training: construction, furniture, equipment, vehicles, technical assistance, fellowships and initial opera- ting costs for the development of a school farm, for a new animal production training school to be located in Kolo;  - 11 - (e) Project Management: technical assistance, equipment and operating costs for project management. Educational Planning and Project Preparation 31. To strengthen educational planning and project preparation, the project would provide (a) three man-years of technical assistance for a specialist in educational planning and project preparation, (b) nine man- months of fellowships to train Nigerien personnel in educational planning and project preparation, (c) three man-months of fellowships in school-mapping; (d) two man-years of architectural and educational consultant services for the preparation of education projects; and (e) equipment and materials for educa- tion planning and project preparation. The technical assistance personnel would work at INDRAP in close cooperation with the Ministry of Education's Planning Unit. The objectives of this work would be to assist the Government in developing an educational development plan and in identifying and preparing projects suitable for local and/or international financing. The Government will submit to IDA for review by December 31, 1982, an interim status report on the IDA-financed educational planning work and will submit to IDA for review by July 31, 1984, a final status report on this work (Section 3.04 of draft Credit Agreement). In view of the Government's desire to appoint an educational planning specialist as soon as possible, it has asked the UNDP and UNESCO to finance the services of this specialist for one year beginning in April 1, 1981. The Public Administration 32. The project would provide six man-months of specialist services to assist the Ministry of the Civil Service and Labor to establish a train- ing directorate, to review the needs for upgrading middle and upper-level personnel, particularly civil servants, to formulate and implement pilot upgrading programs, and to prepare future upgrading projects. The work of this specialist, would complement the work of UNDP-financed specialists who are helping the Government to review civil service structures, procedures and training. It would also establish a framework for carrying out additional training activities through the proposed technical assistance project. The Government will submit to IDA for review by September 30, 1982, a summary report on the project-financed public administration component (Section 3.05 of draft Credit Agreement). Agricultural Technician Training (IPDR) 33. The project would include construction, furniture, equipment, vehicles, technical assistance and fellowships to complete the ongoing multi- donor program of upgrading and expansion of the IPDR (para. 27). It would add 160 dormitory places to the 240 existing places and to 50 places being financed by USAID, thus providing for a total capacity of 450. It would renovate nineteen staff houses, construct 24 new staff housing units, a new technical teaching block and technical drawing room, and expand an existing multi-purpose hall, dining room and recreational facilities. A 45-hectare teaching farm would be improved. The project would also include initial operating costs over three years to develop new farmland at the school  - 12 - farm, which will be operated on a commercial basis. In line with the Govern- ment's efforts at increased participation for women in the rural development process, 40 of the 160 new dormitory places would be for women. IPDR staff development would be supported by 18 man-years of fellowships for future teaching staff in specialized areas of the curricula, including land utiliza- tion, economics, seed selection, cooperation, animal health, and fish culture. One-half man-year of consultant services would help plan and implement four short annual in-service training courses in basic sciences and mathematics to help newly appointed Nigerien staff teaching these subjects to adapt the content and method of their instruction to the needs of an agricultural training institute. The IPDR does not have a sufficient number of administra- tive staff to manage the school adequately at full development and its new status has not yet been formalized by statute. IDA has already approved the draft of an appropriate decree and a condition of effectiveness of the pro- posed credit is that the Government has issued a decree setting out an organi- zational structure and financial and accounting system apropriate to the school and acceptable to IDA (Section 6.01(b), draft Credit Agreement). In addition, the Government will appoint by September 30, 1981, an Assistant Director and a Chief Accountant to help manage the upgraded IPDR (Section 4.03 draft Credit Agreement). The project would include four man-years of special- ist services to assist the Director of the IPDR to introduce and implement the new organizational and financial structure. The proposed capacity and annual output (100 extension agents and 50 technicians) of the school, designed to meet about 70 percent of the short-term requirement, is based on manpower projections, space available at the IPDR site and stock of extension agents and technicians which will be available after the school is developed. The Government will later determine whether to expand the output. Animal Production Technician Training 34. The project would include construction, furniture, equipment and vehicles for a new Animal Production Training School (ECE), to be located in Kolo (para. 28). It would have a capacity of 204 providing boarding facili- ties for the total capacity of which 20 would be for women. The project would also construct 20 staff houses and one guest quarters. The curricula pres- ently used at the EAATEN would be substantially revised and the heavy bias toward veterinary medicine would be changed: at least one-third of the avail- able teaching time would be allocated to animal husbandry and pasture manage- ment. The four-year technician training course would also include the intro- duction of new subject matter such as rural building techniques, the economy and sociology of pasture management, the use of local languages, vehicle and cold-storage operation and maintenance, solar energy applications, and methods of extension. The courses in building techniques, vehicle maintenance, languages and solar energy would be similar to courses at the IPDR and would generally be taught by the same staff with a greater orientation at the ECE toward animal production work. The school would give special attention to field work. For this purpose the project would provide tents at Tahoua, a Tuareg grazing unit, at Zinder, a Peul grazing unit, and at a ranch and pasture management center in Ekrafane. The students would also undertake field work at the fattening station at Tiaguirire and the multiplication  - 13 - center at Toukounous. The project would also provide the initial operating costs for three years for the development of a school farm, to be operated on a commercial basis. The project would provide (a) 17 man-years of technical assistance for the introduction of new curricula, the establishment and implementation of field work and the teaching of new subject matter in animal production and pasture management; and (b) nine man-years of fellowships for overseas training of Nigerien teaching staff. In addition, the basic sciences and mathematics specialists who will work with the staff of the IPDR (para. 33) will also work for one half man-year with the staff of the ECE. IDA has already approved the draft of an appropriate decree and it is a condition of effectiveness of the proposed IDA credit that the Government has issued a decree setting out an organizational structure and a financing and accounting system appropriate to the school and acceptable to IDA (Section 6.01 (a) draft Credit Agreement). The ECE will be smaller and less complex than IPDR and the EAATEN staff should be able to administer the ECE without any project-financed assistance for school administration. Its capacity and output have been based on the same elements as for IPDR. Technical Assistance and Fellowships 35. The IDA credit would finance a total of 31.5 man-years of technical assistance at an estimated net-of-tax cost of US$7,500 per man-month, including salaries, allowances and overhead. Under the project, the Government would employ only specialists whose qualifications, experience, and terms and conditions of employment are acceptable to IDA. The credit would also finance 28 man-years of fellowships. The Government will award fellowships under the project only to suitably qualified persons and will prepare and submit to IDA for review by September 30, 1981, a list of candidates and their proposed training programs (Section 3.06 draft Credit Agreement). Project Execution 36. The Director of INDRAP, working with the Ministry of National Educa- tion, and assisted by the IDA-financed specialist in educational planning, would administer the educational planning component. The head of the training directorate of the MFP would be responsible for the public administration com- ponent. The Minister of Rural Development has appointed the Chief of his Training Bureau to be responsible for implementation of the IPDR and ECE com- ponents of the project. fie would be supported by a Nigerien assistant accoun- tant. A project-financed specialist would assist the Chief of the Training Bureau in implemention and would have particular responsibility for maintaining the project accounts and organizing procurement. Given the importance of having local staff available to complete preparation and initiate implementa- tion, it is a condition of effectiveness that the Government has employed in its Ministry of Rural Development a Project Director and an Assistant Project Accountant (Section 6.01 (c), draft Credit Agreement).  - 14 - Evaluation 37. The Government would prepare and submit to IDA for review status reports on the educational planning and civil service upgrading components (paras. 31 and 32). The Technical Consultative Committee (para. 27) has responsibility for the evaluation of the IPDR development program and makes regular recommendations on changes needed in policy and implementation of the various donor contributions. Long-term evaluation of IPDR development would be carried out primarily under the UNDP/FAO review system, since the UNDP/FAO are coordinating the overall IPDR development program. The MDR's Central Evaluation Unit, which would be partially financed under the ongoing second Maradi Rural Development Project, would carry out additional evaluation of both the IPDR and the ECE. The Government would submit to IDA for review within four months of the end of each calendar year any evaluation reports written during that year concerning the IPDR and the ECE (Section 3.10, draft Credit Agreement). The Government would also prepare and submit to IDA for review within six months of the Closing Date, a final evaluation report on the overall project (Section 3.06 (d), draft Credit Agreement). Project Costs and Financing 38. Total project costs are estimated at US$27.0 million, net of taxes. The foreign exchange component would be US$16.1 million. The proposed IDA credit of SDR 17.3 million (US$21.5 million) would finance 80 percent of the net of tax foreign exchange costs of US$16.1 million and 50 percent of the local net of tax costs of US$10.9 million. The Government would finance US$3.0 million, equal to 11 percent of the total net of tax project costs and UNDP would finance project activities estimated at US$2.5 million. Project costs and the proposed financing plan are summarized in the Credit and Project Summary. As indicated in Part I, current economic circumstances - in particu- lar the sharp and unexpected drop in uranium revenues - justify the financing of local costs. Procurement 39. Civil works, valued at US$18.1 million, and furniture and equipment, valued at US$2.6 million, would be procured on the basis of ICB in accordance with IDA guidelines. Items of furniture and equipment which cannot be grouped in packages of at least US$50,000 equivalent, or which are not suitable for ICB, would be procured in accordance with local competitive bidding procedures acceptable to IDA; or, for items below US$10,000 for which potential suppliers are limited, by inviting quotations from at least three reliable suppliers. The total value of items thus procured should not exceed US$200,000. Domestic contractors would be given a preference of 7-1/2 percent in the evaluation of bids for civil works. Domestic manufacturers of furniture and equipment would be allowed a preferential margin of 15 percent of the c.i.f. price of competing imports or the total applicable customs duties and import taxes, whichever is lower.  - 15 - Disbursement 40. The proceeds from the IDA credit would be disbursed as follows: (a) 85 percent of expenditures for civil works; (b) 90 percent of expenditures for professional fees; (c) 90 percent of expenditures for furniture; (d) 90 percent of expenditures for equipment; (e) 100 percent of expenditures for technical assistance; (f) 100 percent of expenditures for fellowships; and (g) 90 percent of expenditures for operating costs for project management and startup of the IPDR and ECE school farms. All disbursements from the credit account would be fully documented except for local staff salaries and other operating expenses under (g) which would be against certified statements of expenditure, the documentation for which would not be submitted but would be held by the MDR for review by IDA supervision missions. An advance of US$200,000 from the Project Preparation Facility was made to prepare the proj- ect during 1979 and a further advance of US$500,000 was granted to continue project preparation until effectiveness. Both advances will be refunded upon effeciveness of the credit (Section 2.02 (b) of the draft Credit Agreement). Accounts and Audits 41. INDRAP, the MFP, and the MDR would maintain separate accounts for the project, including separate accounts for certified statements of expendi- ture and all accounts would be audited annually. Accounts would be audited by independent auditors acceptable to IDA and the accounts and audit reports would be submitted to the IDA for review within four months of the close of the Government's fiscal year (Sections 4.01 and 4.02, of the draft Credit Agreement). Benefits 42. The educational planning and project preparation component would promote a review of education and training needs, the formulation of programs to meet these needs, and a more efficient use of funds allocated to education and training. The efforts under the project at civil service upgrading would be a first step in a long-term effort to improve the quality of the public service and the efficiency with which Government funds are allocated and expended. 43. The main components of the project concern training in agriculture and animal production. They address some of Niger's most important manpower requirements and will form an essential part of the ongoing program to improve agricultural training. The proposed investments in the IPDR and the ECE would address critical shortages of middle-level technicians and extension workers, would be on essential complement to other investments in rural areas, and would contribute to improved implementation of rural development projects and an increase in productivity and production in rural areas. Risks 44. The educational planning and project preparation and the public administration components should pose no implementation problems. Although minor, and taken into account in the project design, three kinds of risks  - 16 - that could affect the overall success of the agricultural and animal produc- tion technician training components can be identified: those which might (a) impede timely implementation, (b) affect the efficiency of the training to be provided, or (c) limit the effective field work of graduates of the project institutions. The risk of implementation delays have been reduced by establishing effective management arrangements, by the advanced state of project preparation and clearly defined administrative and financial struc- tures for the IPDR and the ECE. Inefficiencies in the proposed training programs are limited by the fact that considerable care has been taken in the design of the IPDR educational program and a strong international team has assisted the Government in developing the IPDR. The ECE program has likewise been carefully prepared, and the operation of the ECE would benefit from the experience gained at the IPDR. A related risk is the possible shortage of competent and motivated teachers for the two institutions. Here, the project's staff development plan is comprehensive and should allow for the eventual replacement of all technical assistance personnel by Nigerien staff. The effectiveness of graduate extension workers can be constrained most directly by poor motivation, structural weaknesses in the extension services, and limited recurrent financing for extension work. The improved quality and relevance of training, coupled with a strong Government commitment to rural development, as well as improving access to inputs necessary for their work, should motivate extension staff. While the extension services will continue to face problems for many years to come, they are being improved under a variety of rural development projects and by the improved quality of extension and supervision staff. Recurrent cost financing should not be a problem since rural development is the Government-s top priority, and the capacity and output of the schools has been based on a determination of the manpower requirements of ongoing and planned priority projects and of the Government's ability to finance the work of the graduates on an annual basis. Furthermore, the Government gave assurances during negotiations that it will make adequate budgetary provisions for the operation and maintenance of all project institu- tions, and that it will submit to IDA for review not later than October 31 each year the proposed budgets for the IPDR and the ECE (Section 4.04 (c) of the draft Credit Agreement). PART V - LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND AUTHORITY 45. The draft Development Credit Agreement between the Republic of Niger and the Association and the Recommendation of the Committee provided for in Article V, Section l(d) of the Articles of Agreement of the Associa- tion are being distributed to the Executive Directors separately. 46. Features of the Development Credit Agreement of special interest are listed in Section III of Annex III. Special conditions of effectiveness of the IDA credit are that: (a) the decrees establishing the IPDR and ECE are in effect; and (b) a Project Director and an Assistant Project Accountant have been employed.  - 17 - 47. I am satisfied that the proposed Development Credit would comply with the Articles of Agreement of the Association. PART VI - RECOMMENDATION 48. I recommend that the Executive Directors approve the proposed Development Credit. Robert S. McNamara President Attachments May 6, 1981  ANNEX 1 - 18 - -NX Page 1 of 5 TABLE 3A NIGER - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET NIGER REFERENCE GROUPS (WEIGHTED AVERAGES LAND AREA (THOUSAND SQ. KM.) - MOST RECENT ESTIMATE) TOTAL 1267.0 ACRICULTURAL 180.0 MOST RECENT LOE INCOME MEDDLE INCOME 1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHARA GNP PER CAPITA (US5) 110.0 140.0 270.0 260.0 868.0 ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA (KILOGRAMS OF COAL EQUIVALENT) 5.0 25.0 38.0 80.0 699.4 POPULATION AND VITAL STATISTICS POPULATION, MID-YEAR (MILLIONS) 2.9 4.0 5.0 URBAN POPULATION (PERCENT OF TOTAL) 5.8 8.4 11.6 17.3 28.9 POPULATION PROJECTIONS POPULATION IN YEAR 2000 (MILLIONS) 9.0 STATIONARY POPULATION (MILLIONS) 24.0 YEAR STATIONARY POPULATION IS REACHED 2170 POPULATION DENSITY PER SQ. KM. 2.0 3.0 4.0 27.4 61.7 PER SQ. KM. AGRICULTURAL LAND 16.0 22.0 28.0 82.6 126.0 POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE (PERCENT) 0-14 YRS. 44. 7 45.0 46.6 44.9 45.5 15-64 YRS. 53.0 52.7 50.9 52.2 51.6 65 YRS. AND ABOVE 2. 3 2.3 2.5 2.8 2.8 POPULATION GROWTH RATE (PERCENT) TOTAL 2.3 3.3 2.8 2.7 2.7 URBANl 4. 5 7.0 7. 1 6.8 4.9 CRUDE BIRTH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 52.0 51.0 51.0 47.4 46.8 CRUDE DEATH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 27.0 24.0 22.0 19.6 16.4 GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE 3.1 3.5 3.5 3.2 3.2 FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS, ANNUAL (THOUSANDS) USERS (PERCENT OP MARRIED WOMEN) .. .. FOOD AND NUTRITION INDEX OF FO0D PRODUCTION PER CAPITA (1969-71-100) 112.0 96.0 88.0 91.8 94.0 PER CAPITA SUPPLY OF CALORIES (PERCENT OF REQUIREMENTS) 90.0 89.0 91.0 90.2 92.7 PROTEINS (GRA7S{ PER DAY) 59.0 57.0 64.0 53.0 53.0 OF WHICH ANIMAL AND PULSE 18.0 19.0 27.0 18.4 15.6 CHILD (AGES 1-4) MORTALITY RATE 41.0 35.0 32.0 27.7 21.3 HEALTH LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (YEARS) 37.0 41.0 42.0 45.3 50.1 INFANT MORTALITY BATE (PER THOUSAND) 212.0 .. ACCESS TO SAFE WATER (PERCENT OF POPULATION) TOrAL .. 20.0 27.0 23.2 31.0 URBAN .. 37.0 38.0 58.0 66.8 RURAL .. 19.0 26.0 16.8 ACCESS TO EXCRETA DISPOSAL (PERCENT OF POPULATION) TOTAL .. 1.0 7.0 28.9 URBAN .. 10.0 36.0 67.0 RURAL .. .. 3.0 POPULATION PER PHYSICIAN 74048.0/c 57928.0 42605.0 30910.4 14508.2 POPUlLATION PER NURSING PERSON 8451.0/c 7040.0 5162.0 5793.2 3279.5 POPULATION PER HOSPITAL BED TOTAL 1954.0 1936.0 1194.0 1198.9 1141.5 URBAN .. .. 173.0 RURAL .. .. 369.0 ADMISSIONS PER HOSPITAL BED 10.4/d 34.7/e HOUSING AVERAGE SIZE OF HOUSEHOLD TOTAL .. .. URBAN .. .. RURAL .. .. AVERAGE NLMBER OF PERSONS PER ROCM TOTAL .. .. URBAN .. .. RURAL .. .. ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY (PERCENT OF DWELLINGS) TOTAL .. .. URBAN .. .. RURAL .. ..  - 19 - ANNEX 1 Page 2 of 5 TABIE 3A NIGER - SOCIAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET NICER REFERENCE CROUPS (WEIGHTED AVERACFS - MST RECENT ESTIMATE)- MOST RECENT LOW INCOME MIDDLE INCOME 1960 lb 1970 Lb ESTIMATE /b AFRICA SOUTH OF SARARA AFRICA SOUTH OF SAHAPA EDUCATIUN ADJUSTID ENROLLMENT RATIOS PR IMARY: TOTAL 5. 0 14.0 17.0 57. 7 61. 7 MALE 7. 0 18. 0 /. 74.2 69.2 MIEALE 3.0 9.0 N/A 54.1 51.4 SECON)ARY: TOTAL 0. 3 1. 0 2.0 10. 0 20.6 MALE 0. 5 2.0 N/A 13.7 29.2 FEF1ALE 0. 1 1.0 N/A 7. 1 14. 7 VOCATIONAL ENROL. (% OF SECONDARY) 4.0 3.0 7.0 6.8 7.0 PUPIL-IEACIIER RACIO PRIMARY 43.0S/ 39.0 41.0 45.0 36.6 SECONDARY 17.0 20.0 21.0 25.2 24.3 ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 1.4 .. 8.0 25.5 CONSUMPTION PASSENGER CARS PER THOUSAND POPULATION 0.3 1.0 2.1 3.6 3P.8 RADIO RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND POPULATION 3.0 36.0 .. 31.5 83. 5 TV RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND POPULATION .. ,, 0.1 1.8 NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERAL INTEREST") CIRCULATION PER THOUSAND POPULATION 0.3 0.5 0. 5 4.6 24.2 CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA .. 0. 2 .. ,, 0. 7 LABOR FORCE TOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 945.9 1272.6 1569.1 FEMALE (PERCENT) 9. 3 9.9 10. 0 33. 5 38. 1 AGRICULTURE (PERCENT) 95.2 92.3 91.0 80.7 54. 3 INDUSTRY (PERCENT) 1.4 2.2 3.0 8. 1 17.8 PARTICIPATION RATE (PERCENT) TOTAL 32.2 31.9 31.5 42.2 38.8 MALE 59.3 58.3 57.5 55.1 48.4 FEMALE 5.9 6.2 6.3 29.5 29.4 ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.3 INCOME DISTRIBUTION PERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOME RECEIVED BY HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 23.0 HIGHEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 42.0 LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 6.0 LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS 18.0 POVERTY TARGET GROIJPS ESTIMATED ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (US$ PER CAPITA) ULRAN .. .. 133.0 138.2 RURAL .. .. 63.0 86.1 ESTIMATED RELATIVE POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (US$ PER CAPITA) URBAN .. .. 133.0 107.0 RURAL .. .. 53.0 65.0 ESTIMATED POPULATION BELOW ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOME LEVEI (PERCENT) URBAN .. RURAL .. .. 3S.0 66.9 Not available 01ot applicable. NOTES / The group averages for each indicator are population-weighted arithmetic means. Coverage of co-ntries among the indicatorn depends on availability of data and is not uniform. /b Unless otherwise noted, data for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970, between 1969 and 1971; and for Most Recent Estinatle, between 1974 and 1978. /c 1962; Ld 1964; /e 1966. Most recent estimate of GHP per capita is for 1979, all other data are as of April, 1980. October, 1980  -20 - AMEX 1 Page 3 of 5 DEFINITIONS OF SOCIAL INDICATORS Notes: tItt !,It tO dataoedacro sorsgoroyjuedhsos atotoltatie an relIle,it shuld lshente.td that they soo 000 be ine-- oattasllyosoaahlehetasoI o the lath of ooedsrdlsed doftat-oo so otpsued h lfaretoortt I t oloto olI aa Tedoa55 00 thetoo us tul0 d--sor tOoor-t of -,sttde. iodlo-to toeodt cod th ..o. leoctl eon tfroo hdutooee . - The co rcsgraot : sesn ouoogo) of the -at) ete . toutrpod (21 art-otry group oth -snuh-t highee IIsog bon h-o ohs too.. ts grop ofthoshjotttunooo ootop for "apIta Sur.pl 011 toooo"gopoes"Edl ooeNo; tiaad Middle Fas" loohosco -o..oo of soonog- sotit-culucal aftbItten) .In tOo rlorottor roup dat t..v. ge o oplOo .....heod ioritOet e sfoeah iod-toOo std shono. ooph-oIt tas half of the cooto It 0 -tt Out data too that indloalo- lioo- h teseo oootssogtoldotoependptotheanalablit o dosasodSnooeutforn, ttotom -tohbotorto-d IrrolstTogIv.rIg.. .fnidtooIr-o- ooho.t h oosaero oosro -df. iooo tulnopooteo LAND AE ~A (tho....odtq .Folto hysiltlco- Fopolttioc us~iuso.b Ip oste at Pratioiog sty- Total - Tota n-toor tores topoistohg I d jndboo-d out-os "IL"", quaIfied toot aIoedolsOt1 a ovryloE Asolsatual -outtsos f ag a t -utua ara -nd rMprrI r euool Fplto 5 .. tser oo Iopoatho dti-tded ty 1-hr fprrito forotropo, pa-t-, -ko- and kietho g-oden-o to lIeo fIlEts; 1917 dus aesdfopsgoutnoe,patia sos o sitosti.isoes GNP PEE CAPITA (0S1) - CONF.. pop -0 0 ei tse soo-rot -k.ht priosa, ra1- urs,sdFrl ideBd hy the.1 io boeps sin sobe of Pospital beds1 ou'lltd hy same ... tooto -rthod on doold lank Atlas (19770 ot) 96, oslhet pahldtisod bYrimate g -P-ti- sod otaiod hosPital sad re 1900.Isod -ItS dta.hsilitlatIoo li teeters. Oopolseotbilost peeoPsets1 stffd ENfERYCT ONSlSTION Ptt CaPlTA - --1ua tonmetion ot ro -notl sory(ol O slatoephystio 1aahish ..ts proidiog pr,iotipaly o-etdra1 'It" "t .. Ig.. ..d hyd--, ..U. E1 - goars so so ttlded. loEhospitols, ho-eee ieolode health sad sadial sod lhatiso, poroEa- -aurl ga t yr-, ruoloar sod0 gototales- toter It Nrpe ety cffed hy a physiotas (hat hy A m-dir. etoa drot- t toooso oltuvaetpoula 1960 790, and 19097s8e . Idwife o)wioh offer hi-peciet aoousdatiao sod p'td date, lImited range of se~~~~~~.dhool fetilitise, For sttistiosl psoposa rbc_Ist FOPULATTOS AND 01DA._STATISTICSO.l hsitasEnaZ r no hsitl odsdI- adsnrns -soos Total nrulaton Ol-tsarOntillious. -AO of July 1; 190h90,sd-p amoio nor HospItate -- Toptal. ouhe ofi. admisns0 rdshs Udaifta. feoc hosptitolsP divti";ided hy the nubho nf heds. dfeetdetotooo uh ea a effort oneparahility of dat HOUSING me9 -ogr tri-o; 19hO, 19000 nod 1978 data..AsseSo tSosod(sso 0 oshl)-tei ra.sdvcl PoPulation Frlation- AM- hoSehldoogss of a grl y nf .c...idolds oh chafe. lining qnat PouaInI eo2000 - .Cret popaletino pojr asoeOsdo 9f And O:hid suEr ,t ofle A ocd f nelda sai nsy_o eislddi totol POPu1atio- bY ag odsoadOht rotait sd dovtIsrste0 .the household frhsthiiselil inrpnese Foajootlon yarsenars too otoalloy rotes topoine of tOrsolotelseu- Aergetoe of --I.no 00 b- u -t tl.dt _ron end ones i-lAdrg ouI. i .glie ..ote .o at. h .. oosoo Ohtano' e taytot ictose hoco peronasl efo ro.t l ea.adeno tnidrnotoe f Roliflt boartc -o or lnol sod pasth fai-lyfpoot c ysodnts..t.. Maso tof Elrrtt ooeso nllos oa,nhn n ua Stot I'ar fooalania-t--ycstciotbiIioiagstla there It-. To g ...h..o hsry Iatsee enl t hnI n thopoutton rat, -ohg oath. goetioc Fri -pishu -tcl al o oal-tc otl aesod cl ofhoo lrylaII Itef'ah" h sslno ouaio iescerlen of-llalodc Sh pImayh In aIpeb-iae _f esaeosi- in -the yer 00.so h- oasofdelosa totEit ot E_eyat-yereht djsPdfa...oro loih-n oiar d'atoi o meot level. aruotries nlth sninersal eduastinoeorsllsaot say exceed 1ff peree"."-se-'y 'P.. Sesrstaoiarson OOOOlaNlOo Es osahod - Tie yeas also otatl of yoult.ia oboesos pais, arehe.Lo 00iontrh tof his - soho .l.age. fiehsbe oos.Sonavoho aa.sl n ael asse saoo ssdc t" "',I I t"' t"'. II to 91-h ~~~~~iooI ofd-ocie-reqaioc a leas four.g yse-nfpp- vot riac-lystic Per on. As. - Old-year1 t epatlo per ut ar hlneo tho (10 --t-as of EDU AvION eea,vroos,o etovsasu sontosfrpst thl. -Dot-tinoial- enrollmen,ti(eon f ecdr)- asinlio ttot nofs-to Ass itootta f Iooroat) Cy lo Th 0--tlu- ynael.toeicg-I a (1- .....d -otle. notil,t terporm s,l;oth oyoad fodp1o 64 yses, sd reid(Nyaa shP-od r tpetnae of thid-pao ut-. dearlyo or as 'g. de Isets ofI scoan y 1c-tituttoe. .of- - - lIiv 16015, sod0 M h 1909 dais lt f -ilt . oPnon-ces.hoopaio-. Porimtirm cn -1o1daY -.l. Tot l stud sore 6nl11 i Otoaarit bschfso (rrost I- cvol- Anua arothostn o Onel id- Primary. odjsmdoryt levels. dividodhb osfbrsa t ecoherstin. the yearpaplasins ar 150-0, 960-0, nd lOl-8. oereynoicaIt lem-edle..- ... loI- Ictinn too1950-o. lO-is co~-d -970ThY- - t.i ,yppIt.. asprooae ftoa2Oo opltaoao 1ff years sod. ns.P Erod ioh.fat b par-thaudadp-Aoni lIn hirhslerwtoasad o.sodpas CrdP Dah2 aslerS1-ao)-aaul och a Dhas...ntot-yyr S-conodr -haos (05 ttoason _oldtfa1) - Cassa tge oar onspoOs sats, popnlstlko; -910,d19-, sod 1900. data oarsil... sea0h- .ofd tingls t hqso. eIgh..t p..ryass; - PPo-d-s phuleos y hssese tasd Oeo noosal rapradatelne CperI d Ituonpratn ono aesotbofe- RdoO-smr (f-othosandeaa....r g." - All .. typo at. roItsr for raiy Pf2sl.i. OAnolo St-Ao-artoo--toa- (thousads) 0-1 yooal o -ksher of sototot .tioadroe. nroI -" too(Po..s.tof it ya-ec nhe V.sgissa frdi o -aiy donis Aoo Lovtoo a Y od oroad000 - f Poocovosgo of - Isrofed oItnoIesaoP-9-d hiohocpn- nooe 6o hUd-orn ag(1-AyasIaauoho-totadvtst I9 toosme Psos th .assn ofru-gia)d-tV esnr aobsdatt loe o 'od.rdnoo -.1 Cais 1 A9-....l - g.Ihdso of5 otgtta idu- sa a diygnoa esn oese" dotl todsaprd in pb 1rdutltiofal food90-0 1960oit 70a Frdato97 0nldssedadtedsd7oeisdvtd rmtl in sooda gNo evIt eons It i sdos i47tonrisodarb , aobssPa,sdoe oe yiaygas(eg ner Pta ho .. "d -l" Iod.it spysars at loser.':uooiteesoeeI intada sgr slOth-orQed ble so-aslctrot eg tAft1s-edhCi .e . AnulAtedcsco edipe erese or obro teaar sotladd) Agoes pradattian at oat tonnr is hese 00soes oddrp-seys, ldngaeeicsI rv-t diea notIonao.veoletpo-doso poir oolgoo;-19l-t0. 105, so 1900 ata, an oohdl-iotcs Fortaats soct a asloSt (eo -v af outhsotnP- Coepated ofidy.. otty n eOhonidon nioentlRnesus lady-n-ig-s, 5~O esslo (nciosor - h Pe isglht forte. as po1ostg of t..t.l habar forte andse dlsibto o pplain ard h p lsi-og 10 -pco P" ta fasc an sitlftooy -hret)-Lho atsi amn,fosty.Iaie.o Pe tytanopy fortiu(ros c dm -Fa tt anettatpoaptP:I6ce oerer Labar toots p!in tini. -oAlal tia,ootctr ne apy tla pody ctoy o odI dofitd as-hdv.... R ndeJ otitty _as a s sprotg of tat of 10... S ooo;19f qoitmont foeall osnries soabisbd byPPA roidfootiissm190sa 108daa aedosolooeotaoohos utoNgsosh- t...pd I-bnndof3g troPmnnf; ..I. anisa rrtas namof arnoeol,poosdh h in-sheAThrd.p.roeteges g of . tato,maesdfalppltietslngasoc ly afnbold Food -f Survey; 1961-65f, 1900.and f9Plydas_.i1960. 1900, sod 197 dts. Tb IIc see Iw' pah npai oase ct.deils Per oseita orrin aovtesaia so..a-PorInspl of. fodd- aoen tntf frhioslto,so ngtm eed. e ei nes are ton oti--al spos.pI.io i.'oi -i FODNDiTRdTfOam tosl o acca gasprdy 9160 90sd10 oe -tasasi lee dsa Rtio Y- Rati ofgpnpo-ti.of aede 1- sod 65 fso tm Clild fuses 1-Al trtaliRm Osgo (perthouoand) - Asona dtof pettuen s t cNts. tota claJur fntrodspl.i. -S-th -. i.1 of .... ~~~~~~~~~~, I I dbIo hnshade Atoei ..a Safe. Waer(dFos iof eaaaih- I1- cac , ur,s sodIS tia-dbalk- yoet .Id aaei o len1 f that hioolsdi d lomi.. belo d bi-bia sis -uhra polp coa,ubt,sdosa)nd ssnhi ces oof otiisal dqet or lassets ssOo oqiesIst e arospl(iofoe -rosne eufo aesordcoidhtnootmnid atoodbl. i foot-no stndoO ntd oat more thnilbl~ eter tooaausma o nory rhslee i oivdbo heua tosdere das l beigatosso psnaltad- t tha hlousei, .Pour..sees analBoonFofRoh r--Poa... ooeso-a- isp httehasian sesheos a~1-iIt the h.Roueod, ionsi sEth- adjso-I too... d.) ens lfdiig oso a ess famiy' oeor ases. sd oeal Psosniof pyolaine(urhd so rool) ho aey"bsolte.pso" osral Numbe at poplo (ite, o-o edEort srvd yoaRt disposal aspeoesncsges ofobese: repoio aoaioss. Snec dedasel sod SoilOtshvs pitY priie handl simiarf .....llIIiass  - 21 - ANNEX I Page 4 of 5 COUNTRY DATA - NIGER GNP PER CAPITA IN 1979: US$250 GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT IN 1979 ** ACTUAL RATE OF GROWTH (X, CONSTANT 1972 PRICES) US$ Million $ 1972 - 79 GNP at Market Prices 1,450 100.0 4.2 Gross Domestic Investment 424 29.2 Gross National Savings 220 15.2 Current Account Balance 227 15.7 Exports of Goods, NFS 423 29.2 7.6 Imports of Goods, NFS 578 29.8 9.8 OUTPUT, LABOR FORCE AND PRODUCTIVITY IN 1979 Value Added (Factor Costs) US$ million % Agriculture 495 32.4 Mining 1/ 297 19.4 Industry 269 17.6 Services 2/ 468 30.6 TOTAL 1,529 100.0 GOVERNMENT FINANCE General Government (CFAF billion) % of GDP 1974/75 1977/78 1975 1978 Current Revenues 22.4 56.0 13.4 18.2 of which uranium revenue ( 2.5) (24.6) ( 1.5) ( 8.0) Current Expenditures 17.5 38.7 10.5 12.5 Current Balance 4.9 17.3 2.9 5,6 Capital Expenditure 1.9 17.6 1.1 5.7 External Assistance Overall Balance +3.0 -0.3 1.8 -0.1 MONEY, CREDIT AND PRICES 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 (CFAF billion at end of year) Money and Quasi Money 12.1 12.9 15.5 20.3 22.3 29.2 37.6 54.2 66.9 Bank credit to Public Sector -2.3 -3.5 -3.4 -7.2 -11.5 -12.3 -16.4 -11.9 -16.4 Bank credit to Private Sector 9.7 10.7 12.5 21.0 28.5 28.6 32.7 54.2 74.5 PERCENTAGES OR INDEX NUMBERS General Price Index (1970=100) 104.2 114.4 127.8 132.1 144.1 178.1 219.2 241.6 259.2 Annual percentage changes in: General Price Index . 9.8 11.7 3.4 9.1 23.6 23.0 10.2 7.3 Bank credit to Public Sector Bank credit to Private Sector . 10.3 16.8 68.0 35.7 0.4 14.3 65.7 37.5 ** Staff estimates. Not available. Not applicable. 1/ Mostly uranium mining 2/ Including Government and duties and taxes on imports. April 2, 1981  - 22 - ANNEX I Page 5 of 5 COUNTRY DATA - NIGER TRADE PAYMENTS AND CAPITAL FLOWS (in millions of current US$) BALANCE OF PAYMENTS 1975 * 1979 * MERCHANDISE EXPORTS -/: (Annual Average: 1975-79) Imports of Goods, NFS 167.8 571.0 Imports of Goods, NFS 226.5 697.9 US$ Million Z Resource Gap (deficit = -) -58.7 -126.9 Livestock 38.7 15.1 Uranium 177.1 69.2 Interest Payments (net) -10.7 -18.7 Groundnuts .6 .2 Workers' Remittances -18.7 -31.3 All other 39.5 15.5 Dther Factor Payments (net) 3.0 . TOTAL 255.9 100.0 Net Transfers 77.1 87.6 Balance on Current Accounts 8.0 -89.3 EXTERNAL DEBT, DECEMBER 31, 1979 Direct Foreign Investment (net) 15.8 48.7 Public Debt, including guaranteed Net MLT Borrowings 17.0 38.3 Non-Guaranteed Private Debt Total coustanding and Disbursements (18.8) (.) disbursed 593.2 Repayment ( 1.8) (.) 1/ DEBT SERVICE RATIO FOR 1979 Dther items - -19.8 _ Change in Reserves (end year) 5.0 -2.3 Public Debt, including guaranteed Foreign Reserves (end year) 51.4 85.3 Non-Guaranteed Private Debt Fuel and Related Materials Total outstanding and disbursed 3.4% % of imports 12.8 11.0 IBRD/IDA LENDING, December 31, 1979 RATE OF EXCHANGE Outstanding and disbursed 48.1 1971: US$1.00 = CFAF 277.03 Undisbursed 53.4 1972: US$1.00 = CFAF 252.21 Outstanding including undisbursed 101.5 1973: US$1.00 = CFAF 222.70 1974: US$1.00 = CFAF 240.50 1975: US$1.00 = CFAF 214.32 1976: US$1.00 = CFAF 245.00 1977: US$1.00 = CFAF 245.00 1978: US$1.00 = CFAF 220.00 1979: US$1.00 = CFAF 212.72 I/ Including errors and commissions. 2/ Recorded exports only. k staff estimates. April 2, 1981 not applicable. not available.  - 23 - ANNEX II Page 1 of 5 THE STATUS OF BANK GROUP OPERATIONS IN NIGER A. STATEMENT OF IDA CREDITS (as at February 28, 1981) Credit US$ million Number Year Borrower Purpose Amount (less cancellation) /1 IDA Undisbursed Seven credits fully disbursed 30.7 441 1973 Republic of Niger Drought Relief 2.0 0.2 612 1976 Republic of Niger Niger Third Highway 15.6 2.6 634 1976 Republic of Niger Telecommunications Project 5.2 0.7 800 1978 Republic of Niger Forestry Project 4.5 1.4 809 1978 Republic of Niger Employment Creation Project 5.0 1.9 851 1978 Republic of Niger Irrigation 15.0 9.1 885 1979 Republic of Niger Livestock 12.0 10.6 886 1979 Republic of Niger Feeder Roads 10.0 6.4 967 1979 Republic of Niger Dosso Agricultural Development 20.0 20.0 1026 1980 Republic of Niger Second Maradi Rural Development 16.7 16.7 Total 136.7 69.6 of which has been repaid 0.3 Total now outstanding and held by IDA 136.4 Total undisbursed 69.6 /1 Prior to exchange adjustment. B. STATEMENT OF IFC INVESTMENTS (as at February 28, 1981) Nil.  - 24 - ANNEX II Page 2 of 5 C. PROJECTS IN EXECUTION 1/ Credit 441 - Drought Relief Project, US$2.0 Million; Credit of December 7, 1973; Effectiveness Date: May 7, 1974; Closing Date: June 30, 1979 This credit aimed at helping the population in drought-affected areas to reestablish their self-sufficiency through redevelopment and improvement of their farms and herds. The project, which comprised seven sub-projects (training scheme, construction of rural warehouses, spot repairs of a feeder road, engineering studies of an irrigation project, construction of erosion control facilities, protection of gum tree and construction and operation of calf feeding units is completed. Credit 612 - Third Highway Project; US$15.6 Million; Credit of March 5, 1976; Effectiveness Date: January 31, 1977; Closing Date: December 31, 1981 This project includes: (a) a four-year program of periodic mainten- ance, including procurement of equipment and training of specialized public work staff, (b) construction and improvement of the Zinder-Nigerian border road (113 km) and of the Maradi-Nigerian border road (40 km) and (c) con- sulting services for supervision of road construction and a survey of the domestic construction industry. Construction of the Maradi-Nigerian border road was completed ahead of schedule and the Zinder-Nigerian border road is expected to be completed shortly. A study of the domestic construction industry is currently underway, as are studies to prepare a proposed fourth project. Credit 634 - Telecommunications Project; US$5.2 Million; Credit of June 11, 1976; Effectiveness Date: November 9, 1976; Closing Date: August 31, 1981 This project includes installation of automatic switching equipment with cable and subscriber distribution networks; provision of trunk switching equipment, three VHF links and one HF radio link, overhead line and carrier equipment; civil works, miscellaneous equipment, vehicles and tools and services of engineering and financial consultants. Procurement is completed. The project is experiencing a 24 percent cost overrun that the Government has agreed to finance from its own budgetary resources. 1/ These notes are designed to inform the Executive Directors regarding the progress of projects in execution, and in particular to report problems which are being encountered, and the action taken to remedy them. They should be read in this sense, and with the understanding that they do not purport to present a balanced evaluation of strengths and weaknesses in project execution.  - 25- ANNEX II Page 3 of 5 Credit 800 - Forestry Project; US$4.5 million; Credit of June 7, 1978; Eiffectiveness Date: February 7, 1979; Closing Date: December 31, 1981 This project will assist Government ini its efforts to establish 400 ha of pilot irrigated plantations and 700 ha of pilot rainfed tree plantations; improve the rural forestry activities of the Forestry Department; finance a training program in extension services; provide assistance to research and a workshop maintenance unit. The Project Management Unit created within the Forestry Department to assist with coordinating and monitoring project activi- ties is fully operational and project implementation is progressing satisf actorily. Credit 809 - Industrial and Artisan Sector Employment Creation Project; US$5.0 million; Credit of June 7, 1978; Effectiveness Date: February 7, 1979; Closing Date: June 30, 1982 This project aims at assisting Government in the promotion of more labor intensive employment creation i-n Niger's industrial and artisan sectors while strengthening the sector's institutional infrastructure, by providing a line of credit, training and technical assistance to BDRN, including the development of a bank management training program of the Ecole Nationale d'Administration, financial and technical assistance for creation of OPEN, the new agency created under the project to provide technical assistance and training for local enterpreneurs, and by assisting the Artisans Center to improve the productivity and employment of artisans affiliated with the Center. Project implementation is progressing satisfactorily. Credit 851 - Irrigation Project; US$15.0 Million; Credit of February 15, 1979; Effectiveness Date: October 12, 1979; Closing Date: June 30, 1983 The project aims to assist the Government in expanding cereal and vegetable production along the Niger River through development of a 1,550 ha polder; providing agricultural development services on neighbouring irrigation schemes (1,215 ha) and dryland farming plots (9,000 ha); and in creating the necessary institutional framework for the implementation of its irrigation development program through establishment of a national agency (ONAHA) which would integrate and strengthen the activities of construction and manaeement of the irrigation schemes. The project will also finance the preparation of a feasibility study for a nearby polder, as well as the services of a financial coordinator to be attached to the Ministry of Rural Development to assist in accounting and financial management of the various IDA-financed agricultural projects in Niger. Due to initial delays in credit signing and in the award of contracts for equipment and engineering services, construction of the irrigation works started in March 1980.  - 26 - ANNEX II Page 4 of 5 Credit 885 - Livestock Project; US$12.0 Million; Credit of April 27, 1979; Effectiveness Date: October 12, 1979; Closing Date: March 31, 1985 A combination of health and productivity services will be available to herd owners in the pastoral and cropping zones. An innovative approach will be taken by establishing Associations of Pastoralists, legally recognized cooperative entities based on existing social groups. Members of these Associ- ations will have access to a greater range of health services, new forms of credit for backgrounding and breeding, improvements to existing wells and extension of watering points and advice on range management. In addition to the goals of increased livestock productivity and greater participation of herders in management of animals, water and pasture resources, the project will provide assistance to the Livestock Department to develop competence in deliv- ery of productivity services. Project implementation proceeds satisfactorily. Credit 886 - Feeder Road Project; US$10 Million; Credit of April 27, 1979; Effectiveness Date: December 10, 1979; Closing Date: June 30, 1984 The project will improve 1,000 km of feeder roads which support Governments agricultural program and create an appropriate structure for the execution of comprehensive feeder road programs. The project will finance highway construction equipment and spare parts; labor, materials and supplies for the improvement program; offices for and technical assistance to the newly created Feeder Road Technical Section to aid in implementing and monitoring the improvement program and in training technicians, mechanics, equipment operators and training officers. Equipment procurement is well underway and tehnical assistance is being installed. Credit 967 - Dosso Agricultural Development Project; US$20.0 Million; Credit of June 12, 1980; Effectiveness Date: February 25, 1981; Closing Date: June 30, 1985 The project comprises a five-year program intended to increase farm incomes and improve the welfare and standard of living of the rural population of Dosso Province and to build up an extension service through: the introduction of improved farming practices for rainfed cereals, cowpeas and groundnuts; the improvement of vaccination coverage, delivery of drugs and feed supplements and animal husbandry practices for beef cattle and work oxen; the construction of small-scale irrigation schemes for 200 ha of bottomlands; the introduction of a Training and Visit extension system; the strengthening of the farm input and implement supply system; and applied research. Training, extension, input supply and credit services would be made accessible to about 80,000 farm families, of whom 25,000 are expected to adopt the recommended improved practices.  - 27 - ANNEX II Page 5 of 5 Credit 1026 - Second Maradi Rural Development Project; US$16.7 Million; Credit of June 6, 1980; Effectiveness Date: February 26, 1981; Closing Date: December 31, 1985 The project follows up on the First Maradi Project. It includes the expansion of improved agricultural practices in rainfed farming areas; training of extension staff, young farmers and blacksmiths; agricultural credit; development of irrigation potential in Maradi; applied agricultural research; seed multiplication; functional literacy and health proposals.  - 28 - ANNEX III Page 1 of 2 NIGER EDUCATION PROJECT Supplementary Data Sheet Section I: Timetable of Key Events (a) Identification mission: July 1978 (b) Appraisal mission: December 1979 (c) Date of completion of negotiations: February 26, 1981 (d) Planned date of effectiveness: August 31, 1981 Section II: Special Bank Implementation Action None Section III: Special Conditions (a) The Government will submit to IDA for review by Dec. 31, 1982, an interim status report on project-financed educa- tional planning activities and will submit to IDA for review by July 31, 1984, a final status report on these planning activities (para. 31); (b) The Government will submit to IDA for review by September 30, 1982, a summary report on project-financed activities for civil service upgrading (para. 32); (c) The Government will appoint by September 30, 1981, qualified candidates for the posts of Assistant Director and Chief Accountant of the IPDR (para. 33); (d) the Government will award fellowships under the project to suitably qualified persons and will prepare and submit to IDA for review by September 30, 1981, a list of fellowship candidates and their proposed training programs (para. 35); (e) The Ministry of Rural Development will employ qualified persons to serve as Project Director and Assistant Project Accountant (para. 36); (f) INDRAP, MFP and MDR will maintain separate accounts for the project, including separate accounts for certified statements of expenditure. All accounts would be audited annually by independent auditors satisfactory to IDA and accounts and audit reports would be submitted to IDA for review within four months of the close of Government's fiscal year (para. 41);  - 29 - A Page 2 of 2 (g) The Government will make adequate budgetary provisions for the operation and maintenance of all project institutions and submit to IDA for review not later than October 30 each year the proposed budgets for these institutions (para. 44); (h) Conditions for effectiveness: - the Government will have issued a decree establish- ing the upgraded IPDR with an organizational struc- ture and financial and accounting system acceptable to IDA (para. 33); - the Government will have issued a decree establish- ing the ECE with an organizational structure and financing and accounting system acceptable to IDA (para. 34); - the Government will have issued in its Ministry of Rural Development a Project Director and an Assis- tant Project Accountant (para. 36).   IBRD 15050 o