Sierra Leone - Technical Assistance Project

Document of The World Bank FILE COP2y FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Report No. P-2665-SL REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATIGN TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT CREDIT TO THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE FOR A TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT December 5, 1979 This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Currency Unit = Leone US$1 - 1.05 Leone 1 Leone - US$0.95 1 Leone - SDR 0.7316 FISCAL YEAR Government of Sierra Leone - July 1 - June 30 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS EEC - European Economic Community IFAD - International Fund for Agricultural Development MAF - Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry MDEP - Ministry of Development and Economic Planning NDB - National Development Bank ODA - Overseas Development Administration PEMSU - Planning, Evaluation, Monitoring and Services Unit SLEC - Sierra Leone Electricity Corporation TCD - Department of Technical Cooperation for Development (UN) UNDP - United Nations Development Program USAID - United States Agency for International Development  FOrk OFFCIAL USE ONLY SIERRA LEONE TECElNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT CREDIT AND PROJECT SUMMARY Borrower: Republic of Sierra Leone Amount: US$2.5 million Terms: Standard Project Description: The project aims at strengthening the Government's capability in development planning, the preparation of development projects, the training of local staff, and the monitoring and evaluation of public invest- ment programs. It includes: (a) 10 man-years of advisers (five advisers for two years each); (b) 75 nmn-months of consultants; (c) training in develop- ment planning and project preparation; and (d) project preparation and pre-feasibility studies. The benefits expected to be derived from the project iniclude the formulation of sounder and more realistic public investment policies and programs; the prepara- tion and implementation of priority development projects; and strengthening of the Government's project evaluation and monitoring system. Some risk cannot be avoided in a project of this kind where successful implementation is contingent upon the availability of suitable expatriate personnel and where the benefits of the project depend upon the ability of Government to follow through with imple- mentation of the results of the planning effort. However, given the relatively short-term contract (maximum of two years) involved, it should prove possible to secure'suitable personnel; also, the Government has expressed its firm commitment to this project. This document has a restricted distribution and may be used by recipients only in the performance of their official duties. Its contents may not otherwise be disclosed without World Bank authorization.  Estimated Cost: 1/ US$ Million Local Foreign Total Advisory Services 0.245 0.840 1.085 Consultancy Services 0.022 0.750 0.722 Training 0.005 0.050 0.055 Project Preparation Studies 0.020 0.650 0.670 Vehicles and Equipment 0.008 0.075 0.083 Unallocated for Contingencies - 0.135 0.135 Total 0.300 2.500 2.800 Financing Plan: US$ Million Local Foreign Total IDA - 2.5 2.5 Government 0.3 - 0.3 Total 0.3 2.5 2.8 Estimated Disbursements: US$ Million IDA FY80 FY81 FY82 Annual 0.475 1.573 0.452 Cumulative 0.475 2.048 2.500 Estimated Completion Date: June 1982 Staff Appraisal Report: There is no separate appraisal report. 1/ Project costs are shown exempt of taxes and duties.  INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF THE PRESIDENT TO THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS ON A PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT CREDIT TO THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE FOR A TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT 1. I submit the following report and recommendation on a proposed development credit to the Republic of Sierra Leone for the equivalent of US$2.5 million on standard IDA terms to help finance a technical assistance project for planning and project preparation. PART I - THE ECONOMY 2. A basic economic report, "Sierra Leone - Current Economic Position and Prospects" (No. 494a-SL dated November 27, 1974), was distributed to the Executive Directors. Subsequently, two updating Economic Memoranda (No. 1106-SL dated June 25, 1976) and (No. 2153-SL dated June 26, 1979) have also been distributed to the Executive Directors. Country data sheets are con- tained in Annex I. Structural Characteristics 3. The economy of 'Sierra Leone is dualistic in character, a relatively small modern sector co-exi'sting alongside a large traditional agricultural sector. For its source of income and growth, Sierra Leone relies heavily on agriculture and mining, although in recent years depletion of the country's richest mineral deposits has led to a decline in their relative contribution to the economy. Diamonds, the largest export earner, accounted for nearly 63 percent of exports in 1978. The country's over dependency on a single com- modity for foreign exchange renders the economy highly vulnerable to external market disturbances. 4. The agricultura:L sector, still largely outside the monetized econ- omy, provides livelihood for nearly 75 percent of the population. Its con- tribution to GDP, however, is around 35 percent implying a low level of agricultural productivity and food output per capita on the average. Rice is the staple food and is grown by over 80 percent of the farmers, primarily for subsistence, although the country still faces rice shortages, especially in the rural areas. Coffee, cocoa and palm products are the major export crops and also the principal souarces of cash income for the rural population. 5. Sierra Leone has a poorly developed social and economic infrastruc- ture. Although the extent of the road transport network is generally adequate for its present needs there is urgent need for improved maintenance and the development of feeder roads. The country has rich water resources, although the hydro power potential is still untapped. Only about 12 percent of the population has access to a safe drinking water supply, mostly  - 2 - LL teie urban areas. Health facilities are inadequate and infant and childhood mortality rates are among the highest in Africa. Although the Government has in recent years invested quite heavily in education, primary and secondary school enrollment ratios are low (37 percent and 11 percent, respectively) and the country's illiteracy rate remains high, around 85 percent. b. The dualistic economic structure is reflected in income disparities between the modern and traditional sectors. With a population of about 3.2 million, average per capita GNP in 1978 was estimated at about US$210. The average per capita rural income is around US$90 while it averages about US$500 in the urban centers. About 21 percent of the population live in urban areas. The urban migration rate (4.9 percent) is relatively low compared with neighboring countries; however, approximately 25 percent of the urban popula- tion have an income level below the urban relative poverty threshold estimated at around US$80. Depletion of Mineral Resources 7. Until 1972 the main stimulus to economic growth in Sierra Leone was the production and export of diamonds. Output of diamonds began to decline significantly after 1972 as a result of the depletion of alluvial deposits. Illicit diamond mining and smuggling (both difficult to control) have been important factors shortening the life of the deposits and limiting the contribution of diamonds to official export earnings. Furthermore, the early 1970's was marked by sharp increases in oil prices and the continued upsurge in the prices of imported manufactured products. In 1975 the country lost its second largest source of export earnings when the only iron ore mine closed due to rising production costs and a declining iron ore grade. These several developments further aggravated the domestic resource squeeze and put added pressure on the balance of payments and the country's foreign exchange resources. In 1978, Sierra Leone's diamond production was less than one-third of its 1970 level and mineral production as a whole had declined by about 70 percent over the same period. Largely as a consequence, the growth of GDP became erratic and during the period between 1972 and 1979 hardly exceeded one percent per annum on the average. With population growing at about 2.5 percent per annum, this resulted in a sharp fall in already low per capita real incomes. The Financial Disequilibrium 8. During its first decade of independence between 1962 and 1972, the domestic and external finances of Sierra Leone did not come under undue pressure primarily as a result of buoyancy in real domestic resources. Throughout this period, a nearly 5 percent growth in GDP per annum provided substantial foreign exchange earnings and also contributed to a satisfactory growth in public revenues. From 1973, however, the slowdown in economic growth and the erosion of the export-base were accompanied by a marked deteri- oration in fiscal performance characterized by stagnating public revenues and expanding public expenditure policies. While public revenues increased by only 0.8 percent per year between 1973 and 1975, public expenditures grew about 13.5 percent and the overall budget deficit widened from Le 22 million  -3 - to Le 52 million. With no compensating changes in the structure of the economy, fiscal and monetary expansion, financed largely by domestic and short-term external borrowing, led to ever widening budget deficits, a further deterioration in the balance of payments and a substantial increase in the country's external debt burden. Despite substantial deficit financing, however, the overall inflation rate in the economy has remained relatively moderate (around 11 percent per annum since 1976) as the demand created by monetary expansion was met by increased imports. Public Finances 9. During 1974/75, there was a sharp decline in economic performance. Revenue growth was severely affected by weakening of export prices. Tax and dividend receipts from the National Diamond Company fell by 50 percent. Also, revenues from corporate income taxes reflected the sluggishness of private sector activity. Meanwhile, total public expenditures rose by more than 30 percent. The weak fiscal performance continued in 1975/76. In 1977, however, despite continued stagnation in GDP, public revenues improved as a result of significant terms of trade gains. Expressed as a proportion of GDP, public revenues rose to a peak of 22 percent in 1977/78 from about 16 percent in 1975/76. Yet, during this relatively favorable period, the budge- tary situation deteriorated as external debt service obligations began to claim more than one-third of government revenues while current and capital spendings grew rapidly. During the last two years, the increase in expendi- tures was largely attributable to civil service salary adjustments, expansion of the internal security forces and to extra budgetary spending related to the OAU Conference to be held in Freetown in mid-1980. As a result of these developments, the overalL deficit of the central government increased from Le 52 million in 1975/76 to almost Le 106 million in 1977/78 and to Le 119 million in 1978/79. Balance of Payments 10. The impact of stagnant production on the balance of payments was masked in the early 1970's by favorable export prices for Sierra Leone's major exports. Consequently, the country's foreign exchange reserves remained at satisfactory levels until the end of 1973. Difficulties began to emerge in 1974 when import prices rose sharply as a result of the oil crisis and inter- national inflation, while export performance remained modest. Until 1974, the current account deficits were more than offset by net capital inflows and the overall balance of payments surplus averaged around US$7 million. In 1974 and onwards, the balance of payments began to deteriorate and showed increasing overall deficits. As petroleum consumption is relatively high in Sierra Leone (mining, transport, power), the balance of payments position has been particu- larly affected by oil price increases. The cost of petroleum imports jumped from US$8 million in 1971 to about US$40 million in 1978. In late 1978, there was an unprecedented increase of over 100 percent in world diamond prices; however, because of the depletion of alluvial deposits mining output neverthe- less declined over 10 percent in real terms. Moreover, the world price boom  - 4 - in 1977 for agricultural export crops dampened in 1978. As a result, export earnings grew moderately. Import demand, on the other hand, rose sharply with expansionary policies and accelerated capital expenditures of the public sector. The balance of payments deficit rose to $48 million in 1978 from about $7 million in 1977. Sierra Leone's net foreign exchange reserves stood at around $34 million at the end of 1974. They declined steadily until 1977; after a short-lived recovery in 1977, due to import controls and more favor- able world prices, there was further deterioration and net foreign reserves became negative ($15 million) by the end of 1978. Gross reserves (equivalent to 6 weeks imports) stood at $34 million. Economic Stabilization 11. A Standby Arrangement in the first credit tranche was concluded between Government and the IMF in mid-1977 based on an economic stabilization program providing for increased government revenues, restraint in public expenditures and improved external debt management. More recently, in August 1979, the IMF reached another agreement with the Government on a further stabilization program which forms the basis for a Standby Arrangement in the second and third credit tranches for about SDR 17.0 million and a Trust Fund Loan of about SDR 9.0 million. The program includes revenue raising measures (which have already been implemented), a limit on expenditures (including expenditures on the OAU Conference), severe restrictions on new external debt, tighter monetary policy and adjustments in producer prices. Government is making more strenuous efforts than hitherto to strengthen its control over expenditures. Former "self-accounting" ministries have been brought under the control of the Ministry of Finance; quarterly ceilings have been placed on Ministries' expenditures, supplementary appropriations have been prohibited and hiring of new personnel has been frozen for one year. Nevertheless, the current fiscal year is bound to be a difficult one for Sierra Leone as a result of the fiscal pressures associated with expenditures due to the forthcoming OAU Conference. Development Plan and Objectives 12. The country's first National Development Plan (1974/75-1978/79) was prepared with the assistance of UNDP and the UN Department of Technical Cooperation for Development. The development strategy and objectives stated in the plan and many of its basic elements were well conceived and articu- lated. Priority was to be given to the expansion of the productive capacity of the economy and to a more equitable distribution of wealth and incomes. Unfortunately the period of the plan coincided with the rapid erosion of the country's principal source of foreign exchange earnings and a deterioration in the government's fiscal performance. This combination of factors undermined the economic and financial resource assumptions underlying the Plan. Govern- ment's policies concentrated increasingly on short-term financial problems and neglected the requirements of longer-term structural adjustment. More recently government has begun to focus again on medium-term policies and has formulated a three year public investment program (1976/79-1980/81) as an  - 5 - interim measure and has initiated the preparation of a second National Devel- opment Plan. The public investment program attempts to shift resources to increased commodity production, particularly in agriculture, while recognizing fiscal constraints. The second plan is expected to address the questions of structural adjustment and give emphasis to the productive sectors together with income distribution objectives. 13. Over the past four years between 1974/75 and 1977/78 capital spending by the public sector amounted to about Le 206 million (nearly 30 percent of total public expenditures). Out of this total about 55 percent was spent on economic services, (including nearly 25 percent on agriculture), 15 percent on social services and infrastructure and about 30 percent on general services, including internal security. Of these expenditures 17 percent was financed by budgetary savings while the remaining 83 percent came from external and internal borrowings. External Debt and Creditworthiness 14. At the end of 1978, Sierra Leone's external public debt outstanding, including arrears of principal, amounted to $330 million of which $299.6 million was disbursed. Arrears, including interest, were estimated at $11.2 million, the bulk of which were due for suppliers' credits. The total debt outstanding and disbursed consisted roughly of 38 percent in suppliers' credits, 31 percent bilateral government-to-government loans and 22 percent loans and credits from international organizations and about 9 percent from financial institutions. Concessionary capital assistance from bilateral government sources came mostly from the Federal Republic of Germany, the United Kingdom and the Peoples Republic of China. As of December 31, 1978, the Bank Group holds about 12 percent of Sierra Leone's external debt outstanding and disbursed. 15. Since 1976 Sierra Leone's public external debt outstanding and disbursed has increased by about $130 million, mainly in the form of short- term suppliers' credits. As a result, the country's external debt profile has deteriorated. Although not in itself large (about 30 percent of GDP), the maturity structure of the debt places an unbearable burden on the balance of payments and the budget over the next few years. Based on external debt commitments made until the end of 1978, it is estimated that scheduled exter- nal debt service payments for 1979 stand at around $53 million. If the accumulated debt service arrears are carried over to 1979, Government's external debt service obligation would total about $64.5 million, equivalent to 31 percent of expected export earnings and over 40 percent of expected government revenues. Debt service on Bank Group loans and credits represents about 2.5 percent of Sierra Leone's total debt service liability in 1979. 16. Sierra Leone has almost entirely paid off its debt servicing obligations to the members of Paris Club under the one year (July 1977- June 1978) rescheduling agreement negotiated in November 1977. However, since then the country's ability to service its external debt has again become seriously impaired. The recent Standby Arrangement with DIF (para. 11), will enable the Government to seek further debt relief through the Paris Club.  -6- 17 ~ In the short-term, further external debt rescheduling will be crucial for improving the country's ability to service its external debt. In the medium and longer-term, it is foreseeable that Sierra Leone can both restore and sustain its creditworthiness provided Government formulates po icies and investment programs aimed at the structural transformation of the economy. The future outlook of the mining sector in Sierra Leone is difficult to assess in view of the limited knowledge of the extent of mineral deposits. There are prospects for kimberlite underground diamond mining; large iron ore reserves have been discovered, but these are of low ore grade; mining of rutile has just recommenced and there are plans to expand bauxite production in concert with Alusuisse. The proposed Bumbuna hydro power project could provide lower cost energy to support these activi- ties. A further intensification of the present efforts in the agricultural sector will result in a diversification of the country's economic base, increased export earnings from cocoa, coffee and palm oil, and raise the standard of living and incomes for the vast majority of the country's people. The implementation of programs designed to achieve structural transformation will take time to implement and will require substantial flows of external assistance on concessionary terms. Although the present balance of payments situation and the country's debt profile would not justify lending on normal IBRD terms, the country's low per capita income and its recent efforts to improve economic performance would justify extending IDA assistance. PART II - BANK GROUP OPERATIONS IN SIERRA LEONE Bank Group Operations 18. Bank Group lending operations in Sierra Leone to date have totalled US$50.0 million. There have been four loans amounting to US$18.7 million and six credits totalling US$31.3 million. Three loans and four credits are fully disbursed. Bank Group lending has supported agriculture (28.7 percent), education (20.5 percent), power (31.8 percent) and roads (19 percent). Annex II contains a summary statement of Bank loans and IDA credits as of August 31, 1979 and notes on the execution of ongoing projects. In general, the execu- tion of the ongoing agricultural and education projects has been satis- factory and in spite of fiscal constraints, Government has for the most part provided counterpart funds promptly; the implementation of the institutional aspects of the third power project has encountered some problems mostly due to weak management. Lending Strategy 19. The principal objectives of Bank Group assistance to Sierra Leone are to help the Government to:  -7- (a) diversify the economy and reduce dependence on mining by increasing agricultural and manufacturing production; (b) improve the country's essential infrastructure, particularly power and roads, the inadequacy of which presently constitutes a con- straint upon the country's economic growth; (c) broaden access to education and help relate the educational system more closely to the manpower needs of the economy; (d) raise the income levels of the poorest section of the population, especially in rural areas; and (e) improve its planling and project preparation capability. At the same time, the Bank Group aims through its projects to encourage the adoption of appropriate sector pricing and tariff policies and to strengthen the management and operations of the relevant government depart- ments and corporations. 20. With the halt in the production of iron ore since 1975 and the decline in the production of diamonds, it has become increasingly important to develop the agricultural and manufacturing potential of the economy. The first and second Bank Group-financed agricultural development projects will provide improved extension services, feeder roads and farm inputs to small- holders affected by the project. The projects will help achieve and maintain self-sufficiency in the production of staple food crops, such as rice, and increase export earnings from cocoa and oil palm. A third agricultural project is under preparation as an extension to the Eastern Province first agricultural project which has been successfully completed and a fourth agricultural project is a]Lso being prepared for expansion of smallholder activities in the Northern Province. Both these projects are designed to improve the standard of living and incomes of low-income smallholders and at the same time diversify the country's export base. These ongoing and prospec- tive operations will complement other smallholder agricultural projects under way in other provinces in Sierra Leone with the assistance of the Interna- tional Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the European Economic Community (EEC). The Bank Group is also discussing with Government a project to rationalize and strengthen the operations of the Ministry of Agriculture including credit facilities and improve research activities. A possible DFC project may be prepared to assist the National Development Bank (NDB) in financing small and medium scale enterprise development in agro-industries, manufacturing and services. 21. In infrastructure, the Bank Group's First Highway Project assisted in the construction of the country's main trunk roacd system, in implementing a maintenance program, and in preparing studies for further improvement of the road system. A Secornd Highway Project for mainl:aining primary, secon- dary and feeder roads will be presented to the Executive Directors shortly. A third project in the power sector, approved in 1977, is helping finance urgently needed extension of electric power generation and distribution facilities in Freetown and several provincial centers, thereby restoring a measure of reliability in the supply of power required for sustaining  - 8 - the Sierra Leonean economy. The project is also helping strengthen the finances and management of the Sierra Leone Electricity Corporation (SLEC). At the same time, the project includes assistance for the preparation of the Bumbuna hydroelectric scheme which is intended to reduce the country's dependence on petroleum-based power. 22. in the social sectors, two education projects approved by the Bank Group have been directed towards improving and diversifying education at the secondary level, including teacher training, modernizing curricula, as well as creating a closer linkage between education and employment, encourag- ing rural and non-formal training and strengthening educational planning and management. Preparation will shortly begin on a third education project which inter alia is expected to support the Government efforts to increase access to primary education in the rural areas. 23. To achieve its medium and longer-term developmental objectives, the Government needs to improve its economic planning and project preparation capability. The Bank Group has already provided technical advice to Government in the formulation of its current three-year public investment program (1978/9-1980/1) (para. 12 above). In responses to a request from Government, the Bank Group has formulated the proposed technical assistance project which, in cooperation with UNDP/TCD, is designed to assist Government in the formula- tion of a second National Economic Development Plan and the preparation of well-conceived development projects in a number of priority sectors. 24. The proposed technical assistance project is the first new Bank Group lending operation in Sierra Leone after a hiatus of over two years. Continued improvement in the Government's management of the economy, especially its external debt, will be important in determining the level of future Bank Group lending to the country. PART III - THE NEED FOR TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE 25. The First National Development Plan for Sierra Leone (1974/75- 1978/79) was prepared with the assistance of a team of expatriates under a UNDP-financed, Department of Technical Cooperation for Development (TCD) executed project. However, adverse economic trends and a deterioration in the Government's management of the economy, discussed in Part I of this Report, undermined the basis of the first plan. 26. A second National Development Plan is scheduled for preparation to cover the period 1981/82-1986/87, and the interim period, 1978/79-1980/81 is covered by the existing Public Investment Program. The Public Investment Program emphasizes the need for developing a strong sector planning and project preparation capability, particularly in the agricultural sector and for infrastructure investments. It is this recognition by the Government of the need to develop its planning capabilities, with particular regard to the preparation and implementation of the Second National Development Plan, that forms the basis of its request for technical assistance at both the sectoral and central levels.  - 9 - Technical Assistance to the Sectoral Ministries 27. Sierra Leone has exhibited a very weak capability in development planning and project preparation and implementation and it is believed that, in addition to the UNDP/TCD team working with the Ministry of Development and Economic Planning (MDEP) (described below), further technical assistance to key sectoral ministries to help them develop their planning capabilities is essential to achieve the desired structural transformation in the economy. Sierra Leone needs to start work now on developing medium-term policies and investment programs designed to provide the basis for an expanded development effort when the current financial and debt problems are eased. The proposed technical assistance project, which has been prepared in response to govern- ment request, is intended to assist the Government by providing advisory services to develop such planning capabilities with emphasis on the sectoral ministries. Such assistance is to be provided in coordination with technical assistance made available to Sierra Leone by other external agencies, especially the UNDP. The ministries selected for assistance are those which account for significant central government expenditures and which will be important over the coming years in implementing Government's efforts to stimulate production and at the same time improve social services. Technical Assistance to the Ministry of Development and Economic Planning 28. The Government is being assisted at the central level with the formulation of the Second National Development Plan by a team of experts financed by the UNDP and fielded by TCD. Working with the Ministry of Devel- opment and Economic Planning's Central Planning Unit, the UNDP-financed project will provide a project manager, development economist, financial planner, rural development planner, and project appraisal adviser. This UNDP project is scheduled to begin in January 1980 for a duration of three years. Other Technical Assistance 29. The Government and UNDP have requested the Bank to act as executing agency for a one-man project providing an infrastructure adviser to the MDEP. Additional UNDP assistance is being afforded to MDEP in the form of a TCD- executed project providing a data processing analyst and an adviser on management of computer systems to the Central StatistLcal Office. Other expatriate planning advisory services being provided (Government include a planning adviser to the Evaluation Section of the PLanning, Evaluation, Monitoring and Services Uni't (PEMSU) of the Ministry of Agriculture financed by the Overseas Development Administration (ODA) of UKC. Also, Government and UNDP have requested the Baik to be executing agency for a one-man economic adviser project in the Mini'stry of Finance. The economic adviser who would take up an assignment for two years in early 1980 would assist the Ministry of Finance in strengthening its economic and fiscal analysis capabilities.  - 10 - PART IV - THE PROJECT 30. The project was prepared with the assistance of the Bank Group and was appraised in August 1979. Negotiations were held in Freetown on November 19-21, 1979. The representatives of the Government of Sierra Leone were led by Mr. S. G. Banqura, Acting Development Secretary. Project Objectives 31. The objectives of the proposed project would be: (a) to strengthen the Government's capability in development planning with emphasis on the formulation of public sector investment pro- grams, the establishment of development priorities and policy instruments, and identification of resource availability and con- straints; (b) to assist Government in the preparation of priority development projects aimed at diversifying and expanding the productive base of the economy, improving the country's economic and social infra- structure and promoting a broader distribution of the national income; (c) to train local staff in development planning and project preparation and implementation; (d) to establish a system for the monitoring and evaluation of public investment programs. These objectives should be seen within the framework of a long-term policy aimed at gradual improvement in development planning and project preparation in the central and sectoral ministries. Project Description 32. The proposed project will comprise four major elements: (a) advisers; (b) consultants; (c) training (principally in-country seminars); and (d) financing for project preparation. It is proposed that there be five planning advisers (whose responsibilities are described in more detail below), each under two-year contract; 75 man-months consultancy services; funds for two project planning and preparation courses and an allocation for project preparation/pre-feasibility studies. The summary terms of reference for the advisers, which were agreed during negotiations are set out in Annex IV. The proposed project would begin early in 1980 and would last two years.  - 11 - Advisers 33. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF): The Project Evaluation and Services Unit of the Ministry of Agriculture was established in the then Ministry of Agriculture iand Natural Resources in 1976 with financing assistance from the Bank Group's second agricultural project. PESU was designed to oversee and assist Ministry of Agriculture Project Management Units to: - ensure effective financial control and flow of funds to projects; - assist in maintaining adequate accounts; - formulate credit and farm input supply systems; - evaluate ongoing projects; and - provide these services to the two Bank Group-iinanced projects and other future agricultural projects. In January of this year, the functions of the planning unit of the Ministry of Agriculture were merged wiith those of PESU and the unit now comprises the combined services under the f-ull title Planning, Evaluaition, Monitoring and Services Unit (PEMSU). 34. The proposed techn:Lcal assistance project would include financing for the advisory services of a senior economic planner and a project planner to work within PEMSU. The senior economic planner would be responsible for advising and assisting tlne administrative head of PEMSU on the development of agricultural sector policies and programs, for assistance with the prepara- tion of an agriculture sector investment program, for advising on the alloca- tion of duties and delegation of responsibilities to the staff of the planning section in PEMSU, and for liaison with other PEMSU section heads, with divi- sional heads within MAF and with the Central Planning Unit of the MDEP. He will also be expected to coordinate with other staff members of PEMSU in the formulation of policy alternatives and advise on the ranking of projects. The project planner's duties will include assistance irL the identification, preparation, and appraisal of agricultural investment projects. He will be charged with examining the various aspects of credit, marketing, farm management, mechanization, land development, extension services, storage, processing, etc., with a view to coordinating projects and avoiding duplica- tion of efforts. 35. Ministry of Works: At present there is no planning unit within the Ministry of Works, and the forward planning activities are carried out by the respective section heads. There is some measures of coordination by the Deputy Professional Head. However the heavy work load of the various section heads due to the shortage of professionals in the Ministry of Works, coupled with ineffeclive information and communication links, leads  - 12 - to inadequate attention being given to proper planning. This is particularly true in the Highways Sector. Therefore under the proposed project an adviser would be assigned to the Highways Sector to develop a Highway Maintenance and Construction Planning Unit. The highway engineer would be charged with advising and assisting in the review and analysis of existing and proposed plans concerning the Highways Sector, as well as assisting in the preparation of future highways sector projects. He will be expected to advise on the establishment of priorities both between and within the activities of routine road maintenance, periodic maintenance, road rehabilitation, reconstruction of roads and the construction of new roads. Furthermore he will help the Professional Head and his Deputy in selecting highway equipment, organizing road maintenance works, advising on the reorganization of the Ministry, the soil laboratory and the maintenance and construction areas, and improving administrative and financial procedures. 36. Ministry of Health: At present there is no planning unit within the Ministry of Health and all planning responsibilities are carried out by a staff member from MDEP on secondment to the Ministry. The Health Planning Adviser will be charged, therefore, primarily with advising and assisting the Permanent Secretary for Health with developing the planning unit to assist the Ministry in the formulation and evaluation of health programs to be implemented during the Second National Development Plan period (1981/82- 85/86). He will be expected to advise the Ministry in a variety of activities including the design of appropriate data systems, improvements in health services delivery, family planning services and health education and the establishment of effective logistics and supply systems for drugs and equipment. 37. Ministry of Education: Under the ongoing Education Project (IDA 573 SL) provision has been made for building and equipping a Planning Unit in the Ministry of Education, but there are insufficient trained Sierra Leonean staff to run the unit effectively. An Education Planning Adviser is required, therefore, to assist in the preparation of long-range integral plans for educational development within the policy guidelines and financial limits prescribed by the Minister. The adviser will also be expected to advise on and assist the Permanent Secretary for Education in a variety of activities including, principally, the preparation of annual and short-term educational development programs and proposals for the educational and training system, establishing methodologies for the evaluation of both the implementation and effectiveness of development plans and programs, and the analysis of educa- tional problems requiring priority action and recommendation of approaches to solve those problems. Training Responsibilities of Advisers 38. Past experience has indicated that the system of training through the use of counterparts on a one-to-one basis has not always been completely  - 13 - effective. Under the proposed. credit therefore the terms of reference of the advisers will not only include the responsibility of working with and training the assigned counterparts but also of training through task forces. Those ministries receiving advisory assistance under the proposed credit would identify local staff who would participate iin major tasks with each adviser as members of specific task forces. Training can thus be provided for a greater number of local. staff along functional as well as managerial lines and provide a greater degree of flexibility for the advisers to assist with the national staff's professional development. Consultancy Services 39. The proposed project: includes about 75 man-months of consultancy services. A significant proportion of this time will be allocated to the Ministry of Agriculture. One major task will be to advise MAF on the estab- lishment of a rural banking and agricultural credit system, taking into consideration the role of the Farmer Finance Companies established under the first and second Bank Group-supported agricultural projects. Other consul- tants' time will be provided to various sections of MAF, including administra- tion, forestry extension, etc. 40. The Ministry of Works has identified a need for at least six months of consultants' services by a mechanical engineer to advise and assist on the new central equipment maintenance workshop, requirements for spares, re-establishing preventive maintenance schedules, establishing fleet controls, and writing specifications for new equipment and tools. The Ministry of Health has also requested six to nine months' consultancy services to reinforce the work of their planning unit, particularly with respect to the identification and preparation of health projects. The Ministry of Education has identified a need for a consultant to assist in the design and construction of school buildings and a school map- ping expert to prepare and maintain a school map showing the existing and planned distribution of schools and school places at all levels in relation to population and demand. The Ministry of Mines requires consul- tants' services to assist Government in formulating plans for the development of the mineral sector, in particular bauxite, and to advise on the conduct of a number of contemplated mineral surveys. At least six to twelve months' consultants' time will be needed by the Ministry of Development and Economic planning to establish a central monitoring and evaluation system, and to provide consultancy services to its Central Statistical Office. 41. The balance of the consultancy funds will be allocated on an ad hoc basis. Training 42. The proposed project will include funds for consultants and equip- ment necessary to prepare at. least two in-country seminars dealing with sector and central planning, project preparation, implementat-ion, monitoring and  - 14 - evaluation. Such seminars would be designed in consultation and coordination with the UNDP/TCD central planning project staff. The Government will make available for such seminars the facilities of the new Institute of Public Administration and Management, established under the Bank Group Education Project. Project Preparation 43. Sierra Leone needs to build up its pipeline of development projects. About US$650,000 of the Credit has therefore been allocated for the initiation of project identification and preparation. Implementation of the Proposed Project 44. The project is expected to be implemented over a two-year period (FY80-82). Each ministry concerned will be responsible for the implementation of its component of the proposed project, and will provide counterpart staff to the international advisers (Credit Agreement, Section 3.02). Coordination between sectoral and central activities will be the responsibility of the Ministry of Development and Economic Planning. Contracts for advisers and consultants will be subject to the approval of the Association (Credit Agree- ment, Section 3.02). The Association will assist the Government in the recruitment process. Coordination of Overall Planning Activities 45. To ensure the effective overall coordination of planning activities between the central and sectoral ministries, appropriate institutional arrangements are required. In this connection, the Government established in 1972 two principal planning bodies: (i) The National Planning Council headed by the President, and including the Vice Presidents, Cabinet Ministers, and the Governor of the Bank of Sierra Leone; and (ii) The Interministerial Committee of Permanent Secretaries headed by the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Development. These two committees have not met regularly in recent years. Provision was also made for the establishment as necessary of interministerial technical working level committees. The two policy level committees will be reactivated and it has been agreed with Government that, as a condition of credit effectiveness, a technical level working committee will be established which will meet at least quarterly to discuss activities and progress and monitor coordination of the Government's planning exercises. The technical committee will comprise the representatives of the planning units and appropriate professional staff of sectoral and central ministries (Credit Agreement, Section 3.07). Project Cost and Financing 46. The total cost of the proposed project has been estimated at US$2.8 million net of taxes and duties, of which US$2.5 million, or 89 percent  - 15 - is to be covered by the proposed credit. The balance would be paid by the Government from the proceeds of the sale of US food aid (PL 480). Project costs are as follows: US$ Million Local Foreign Total Advisory Services 0.245 0.8 40 1.085 Consultancy Services 0.022 0.750 0.722 Training 0.005 0.050 0.055 Project Preparation Studies 0.020 0.650 0.670 Vehicles and Equipment 0.008 0.075 0.083 Unallocated for Contingencies - 0.135 0.135 Total 0.300 2.500 2.800 The cost of one-advisor-year, excluding housing, has been estimated at about US$84,000, corresponding to US$7,000 per month. The cost of one man-month consultancy has been estimated at US$10,000. The above costs will include some local expenditures such as advisers' local currency post adjustment allowances and consultants' subsistence expenses. The project also provides for the purchase of a limited number of vehicles and office equipment and supplies to support the activities of the advisers. The Government will provide office accommodation, secretarial assistance, counterpart salaries and advisers' housing (Credit Agreement, Section 3.01). Procurement and Disbursement: 47. The selection of consultants will be in accordance with the Associa- tion's normal procedures. P?rocurement of equipment and vehicles will be in accordance with the borrower's normal procedures, which include soliciting competitive bids from local suppliers, considered satisfactory to the Associa- tion. The Association will disburse 100 percent of the salaries and emolu- ments of advisers, consultancy services, training and project preparation studies. The Association will also disburse 100 percent of foreign expendi- tures for equipment and vehicles imported directly and 85 percent of local expenditures for items procured locally. US$135,000 would remain unallocated for contingencies. Disbursements will be fully documented. Benefits and Risks 48. The technical expertise, both in the form of long-term advisers and short-term consultants, that would be provided under the proposed project will help strengthen the Government's planning machinery and develop effective planning units at the sectoral level. It will also assist the key sectoral ministries to more effectively formulate and prepare specific investment projects. Through its traiLning activities, the project will assist in  -16- developing the self-reliance of government staff in managing the sectoral planning units when the expatriate advisers leave. The project is also designed to encourage smoother and greater cooperation between different ministries. The primary risk involved is in the level of Government's commit- ment to its own development goals as evidenced by the management of its economy. The Government is now devoting increased attention to improving its fiscal and external debt management. It will be important that Sierra Leone should be in a position to move forward with a sound development plan, with well-conceived sectoral policies and programs once the immediate fiscal constraints are eased. There is also some element of risk in the fact that the successful implementation of the project is contingent upon the availability of suitable expatriate personnel. The involvement of the Association should reduce this risk. PART V - LEGAL INSTRUMENTS AND AUTHORITY 49. The draft Development Credit Agreement between the Republic of Sierra Leone and the Association and the Recommendation of the Committee provided for in Article V, Section 1 (d) of the Articles of Agreement of the Association are being distributed separately to the Executive Directors. 50. In addition to the features of the Credit Agreement which are referred to in the text and listed in Section III of Annex III a special condition of effectiveness would be the establishment of a technical level working committee (para. 45). 51. I am satisfied that the proposed Credit would comply with the Articles of Agreement of the Association. PART VI - RECOMMENDATION 52. I recommend that the Executive Directors approve the proposed Credit. Robert S. McNamara President Attachments Washington, D.C. December 5, 1979  -17 - ANNEX I Page 1 of 5 pages TABLE 3A SIERRA LEONE - SOCLAL INDICATORS DATA SHEET sxsw. L_ONE REFERENCE GROUPS (ADJUSTED &14ERA. S LAND AREA (THOUSAllD SQ. KM4)R - MOST RECEN- ESTLxATE) La TOTAL 71.7 SAME SAME NEXT 6IGHER AGRICULTtEAL 63.0 MOST RECENT GEDGRAPHIC UICONE I2COnE 1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE /b REGION tc GROUP Id GROUP Ye GNP PER CAPITA (USS) - 140.0/ 210.0.L 306.1 209.6 467.5 ENERGE CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA (LILOGRAMS OF COAL EOUIVALENT) 31.0 134.0 112.0 80.6 83.9 262.1 POPULATION AND VITAL STATISTICS POPULATION, MID-YEAR (MILLIONS) 2.2 2.7 3.2 URBAN POPULATION (PERCENT OF TOTAL) 13.0 18.1 21.2 17.1 16.2 24.6 POPULATION PROJECTIONS POPULATION IN YEAR 2000 (!ILLIONS) 6.0 STATIONARY POPULATION (MILLIONS) 14.0 YEAR STATIONARY POPULATION IS RZAC-ED 2160 POPULATION DENSITY PER SQ. I24. 31.0 38.0 45.0 18.4 49.4 45.3 PER SQ. Kll. AGRICULTURAL LAM) 35.0 43.0 51.0 50.6 252.0 149.0 POPULATION AGE STRUCTURE (PERC'NT) 0-14 YRS. 42.4 42.0 42.7 44.1 43.1 45.2 15-64 YRS. 54.4 55.0 54.2 52.9 53.2 51.9 65 YRS. AND ABOVE 3.2 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.0 2.8 POPULATION GROWTH RATE (PMC]Drr) TOTAL 1.8 2. 2 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.7 URAN 3.9 5. 5 5.6 5.7 4.6 4.3 CRUDE BIRTH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 47.0 46.0 46.0 46.3 42.4 39.4 CRMDE DEATH RATE (PER THOUSAND) 27.0 22.0 19.0 17.2 15.9 11.7 GROSS REPRODUCTION RATE .. 2.9 2.9 3. 1 2.9 2.7 FAMILY PLANNING ACCEPTORS, ANNUAL (THOUSANDS) .. .. .. USERS (PERCENT OF MARRIED WO&EN) .. .. .. . 12.2 13.2 POOD AND NUTRITION ISDEX OF FOOD PRODUCTION PER CAPITA (1969-71-100) 87.0 99.0 97.0 94.3 98.2 99.6 PER CAPITA SLPPLY OF CALORIES (PERCENT OF Eu.JIREMENTS) 89.0 100.0 97.0 39.5 93.3 94.7 PROTEINS (GRAMS PER DAY) 46.0 49.0 50.9 55.8 52.1 54..3 OF WHICR ANIMAL AND PULSE .. 16.0 16.7 17.9 13.6 17.4 CEILD (AGES 1-4) MORTALITY RATE 41.0 32.0 27.0 22.3 18.5 11.4 HEALTH LIFE EXPECTANCY AT BIRTH (TEARS) 37.0 42.0 46.0 47.0 49.3 54.7 INFANT MORTALITY RATE (PER THOUSAND) .. . .. .. 105.4 68.1 ACCESS TO SAFE WATER (PERCENT OF POPULATION) TOTAL .. 12.0 .. 20.3 26.3 34.4 URBAN - 75.0 *- 53.9 58.5 57.9 RURAL .. 1.0 .. 10.1 15.8 21.2 ACCESS TO EXCRETA DISPOSAL. (?ERCENT OF POPULATION) TOTAL .. .. .. 22.5 16.0 40.8 UR3AN .. .. .. 62.5 65.1 71.3 RURAL .. .. .. 13.9 3.5 27.7 POPULATION PER PHYSICLA. 26000.0 17110.0 .. 17424.7 11396.4 6799.4 POPULATION PER NURSING PERSON 4.500.0/f 3600.0 .. 2506.6 5552.4 1522.1 POPULATION PER HOSPITAL BED TOTAL 1880.0 1080.0 .. 502.3 1417.1 726.5 URBAN .. .. .. 201.4 197.3 272.7 RURAL .. .. .. 1403.6 2445.9 1404.4 ADMISSIONS PER HOSPITAL BED .. .. .. 23.4 24.8 27.5 HOUSING AVERAGE SIZE OF NOUSEEOLD TOTAL .. 6.5 .. 4.9 5.3 5.4 URBAN 5.7 4.9 4.9 5.1 RURAL .. 6.7 .. 5.5 5.4 515 AVERAGE NUMBER OF PERSONS PB ROOM TOTAL .. .. .. URB AN 2.1/A ... RURAL .. .. .. ACCESS TO 3EECTRICITY (PERCENT OF DWELLINGS) TOTAL .. .. .. .. 22.5 28.1 URBA' .. .. .. .. 17.8 45.1 RURAL 2.L0/ .. .. .. .. 9.9  -18 - ANNEX I Page 2 of 5 pages TABLE 3A SIERRA LEONE - SOCIAL NDICATORS DATA SHEErT SIERRA LEONE REF'RENCE GROUPS (ADJJUSTED AyV-RACES - 'OST RECENT ESTIMATE) - SAME SAMlE NEXT HIGHER MOST RECENT GEOGRAPRIC INCOME INCOME 1960 /b 1970 /b ESTIMATE lb REGION /c GROUP /d GROUP 'e EDCCATION ADJUSTED ENROLLMENT RATIOS PRIMZARY: TOTAL 23.0 34.0 37.0 59.0 63.3 82.7 MALE 30.0 41.0 45.0 64.2 79.1 87.3 FEMALE 15.0 27.0 29.0 44.2 48.4 75.8 SECONDARY: TOTAL 3.0 9.0 1'.0 9.0 16.7 21.4 MA'LE 4.0 13.0 15.0 12.0 22.1 33.0 FENLALE 2.0 5.0 7.G 4.4 10.2 15.5 VOCATIONAL ENROL. (2 OF SECONDARY) 9.0 3.0 2.0 7.0 5.6 9.8 PUPIL-TEACHER RATIO PRIMARY 36.0 32.0 32.0 42.2 41.0 34.1 SECONDARY 17.0 21.0 19.0 22.9 21.7 23.4 ADULT LITERACY RATE (PERCENT) 7.0 15.0 15.0 20.8 31.2 54.0 CONSUMPTION PASSENCER CARS PER THOUSAND POPULATION 2.0 9.0 6.2 4.0 2.8 9.3 RADIO RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND POPULATION 4.0 16.0 22.0 44.3 27.2 76.9 TV RECEIVERS PER THOUSAND POPULATION 0.2/h 1.2 2.2 2.9 2.4 13.5 NEWSPAPER ("DAILY GENERAL INTEREST") CIRCULATION PER THOUSAND POPULATION 6.0 17.0 10.0 5.6 5.3 18.3 CINEMA ANNUAL ATTENDANCE PER CAPITA 0.1 0.1 .. 0.4 1.1 2.5 LABOR FORCE TOTAL LABOR FORCE (THOUSANDS) 940.0/h 1060.0 1190.0 FEMALE (PERCENT) 35.7 35.0 34.7 31.9 24.8 29.2 AGRICULTURE (PERCENT) 77.7 71.5 68.0 77.6 59.4 62.7 INDUSTRY (PERCENT) 11.7 14.8 18.0 7.9 10.0 11.9 PARTICIPATION RATE (PERCENT) TOTAL 42.1 39.9 38.7 40.8 36.9 37.1 KALE 54.6 52.3 51.1 53.9 52.4 48.8 FEMALE 29.8 27.7 26.5 25.6 18.0 20.4 ECONOMIC DEPENDENCY RATIO 1.0/h 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 INCOME DISTRIBUTION PERCENT OF PRIVATE INCOME RECEIVED BY HIGHEST 5 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. 33.8 .. .. .. 15.2 HIGHEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. 64.1 .. .. .. 48.2 LOWEST 20 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. 4.5 .. .. .. 6.3 LOWEST 40 PERCENT OF HOUSEHOLDS .. 10.1 .. .. .. 16.3 POVERTY TARGET GROUPS ESTIMATED ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (USS PER CAPITA) L'RBAN .. .. .. 187.6 99.2 241.3 RURAL .. .. 54.0 96.8 78.9 136.6 ESTIMATED RELATIVE POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (US$ PER CAPITA) URBAN .. .. 78.0 138.4 91.9 179.7 RE'RAL .. .. 67.0 71.0 54.8 103.7 ESTIMATED POPULIATION BELOW ABSOLUTE POVERTY INCOME LEVEL (PERCENT) UR3AN *- . *- 34.5 44.1 24.8 RURLAL .. .. 35.0 48.7 53.9 37.5 Not available Sot applicable. NOTES /a The adjusted group averages for each indicator are population-weighted geometric means, excluding che extreme values of the indicator and cne most populated country in each group. Coverage of countries among the indicators depends on availability of data and is not uniform.- /b lUnless othervise noted, daca for 1960 refer to any year between 1959 and 1961; for 1970. between 1969 and 1971; and for Most Recent Estimate, bec,een 1974 and 1977. /c Africa South of Sahara; /d Low Income (5280 or less per capita, 1976); /e Lower Middle Income (5281-550 per capita, 1976); /f 1962; /g 1967; /h 1963; /i per capita real income on Sierra Leone has been deteriorating oZr.ce 1970 as a result of stagnation in real GDP. '1ost Recent Estimate of GiiP per capita is for 1978. August, 1979  -19- ANNEX I DE_IITI__OF ___A MICTOR Page 3 of 5 pages Notes: Although the data ste dIas from souce gener.ally Judged the rest authoritative and reliable, it should also be meted that they may not be intern.- tionally bopnsrble becus of the lark of tetmdardio-d defiltions and o--opte usd by different coutries in ooLl1otimg the dats. The data -r, nonetheless, useful to d-nribe rdero of magnitude, indinte trends, and oharmteri.e nertai major differenoene hetoeenc~ -trOes. The adjuniec orun averages for eah indiontor are popltin-aetghted geometeic mea, e-ooludg the estrem v-Ioes of the tidhoatr sod the rest populated onutry In esot gru Wme to lank of dnetn, grop mrges of .11 indioct..s for Capitml Surplus 011 hoport-r mod of indicators of A.o..e to Water and E.mesta Dieposal, H-uitg, Iroom Distribotin sod Poverty for other coutry groups -t ppelation-seighted geomtrtc meo mithout en lustr of the, eutrem cales and the mast pultLedcoutry. Otnc' ..e.oveageo outries -arngZthe indiost2rs deomods' cmaalblity of data sad Os not unIform caution mat he ecerised in elaingaveage ofoneIndicator tomother.f These averges ae retly Usefu as. sosimins of peseted' value shen comoring the values ofon indicator at o time -meg the country mod reference grun. IANIS AREA (thoussdfsqam.)I Accessto fEcreta obsoosa] (percent ofp to)-total, urban, sad rurl Total - Tota sufc _ -n opri sing 1sad -r sad inland caters Sahro Zpeope (ota, _ha, an_ ua)srd -h scrti disposal as Agri-ultura - Most recnt retimate of aroltrlaea used temporarily Perceetao of theIt rep-cti-e population.... E.orets disposal may include or permnet ly for croPs, psatuecs, maket sad kitohee gardens or to the ocleotios and disposal, mitt or sithout treatmet, of human et lie fallom. and cate-cater by mate-horse sytems or the use of pit privies and s-.clm inst1tallattes GNP PRtOCAPf1Tk (00$) -.Gist per capita estimatesat curent maket prices, PopulationoIPyician - pltios div,ided by unhber of practicing physlicin cacltd yaa coeesicmthod as World Bank Atlan (1976-78 basis); qual ified'fromamedicalshol= st uiersity level. 1960, 1970, and 197$ data. Popula,tion per Nuring Person-,Ppultii divided by ounber of practicing male ENtRGY CONSMiPTION PER CAPITA - duA-I -nouptios of c ...ria enrgy an emlgrduate nurses, practical nurses, and as.istantr-es (col sd lgnee,petroleum, ostural ga mod hdro-, mclear sdigeo- Population Hoenosit.1 Bed - tota.1 urhn and rura - Ppolatioe (total, urban, therml elctricty) c hiogesa of oal quoelo prcpits; 1*ad rursl( divided byiithri 'P repcive nuber of hospital beds .-alhI lon 1970, and 1976 data. publi mod private genea and sp-ial-d hntiptal sad rebhibititoti ceters. Hcapitailo ar e-tbliehacnis permensetly staffed by et least -c phynician. POPUIATION ADis VITAL STATISTICS Entoblinhuente providing p,iriocpoly cutodial crr- nrcst included. hral. Tvtal P'polotion. Mid-tear (ill-tocs - be of July 1; 0960, 1970, and thnpitolo, h--ve, include bra1th mod medical ceoter tot permaently staffed 1977 dato. ty _ phyi-oa (hut hy n medical assistant, curs, nidife, etc.) hih offer UrbecPpleio(percent of total) -ROntic of urhb to total populatioc; copte e-tsomostosdprvd cic ng o eia aiois diffeet defOintin of urban a-e- sey ffcct -op-baility of dais Adnisccc-Oeia e oo nse famsis oo icngufo moccutris 1 ,1970, and 1975 data. hptalo dividedh the toeber f beds. Populatioslinysso 2000 - Iturt popo1-isto oroje-tioc r IcI 00 cOUlING 1975 total population by age and co and thin enmrtol ity mod fertility erAgv live of Hounhold )p ..ersoe per household) - tvtal, aunt, and rural - rates- rjviopeotr frotatyme cmpieof th-e A hous.ehold vo-ieto of a grou p of individua1s cOo shar 1ivgqatr n leel ssmng lofe e-p-tany at birth iccee-ocg itth coutry's the,r nab, menlo A boarder or lodger may or em sot bv colsolrd cc vie per ceptt ocine- le-, and fcm_le life eupectany tnbilicong ot hb.sebold for nttisticnl porpose.- 77.5 yeses. The parae-te- for fert ility rote 1aln haethree level Aveaecae fprocpr o- ttal sita, ad enro - Average -t-be afsumongdelio- io fertility -cordiog to ic-a leve and post ofprcopr"'eI l rbn o ua occupied tcevecto o-l d-viliog, faiydm g0 perfr-ao. knob coutry ir cth- --gognd se ofthes respectivey. leIlingo -1clde non-p-rnn-t stIoctoen ad uvccv-p-ie rt tine cominations of mrtalhty and fertility tre-uo for prole-tioc Access ,to I1lcirot i ty (percent of d-ellingn) - total, -cbo and rors, - ot rp,sen voicldeiaa ith electricity in livingqatesa`preta i Statiocc populatioc - tootainaypupolatios there is so grooth total, urban, and ro.rol d-eloogo r_spc,vti-ejc. stice the birth rote is eqaltoti deth leteadas the age otutre cins cootant. Thi issoctevd nyel afterfertility rates EDUCATION devlceto to rplace.nct bed of unit setrpouciorae he- kdjusted Eoroilmct Patios eacth. ge.eratioc of -ome reIno- itt-lffcoactly. The stetiocary popo- P-tor cho -otl male and female -GI.es Itotl, male son fenl enroll- loio _cv en coti-nted 00 the ha-it of the projeo ted oharo teristics meot of all age a t the pri.sey level1a peooae f respetive primary of he out noo the, pear 2000, and the, rote of decline cf fertility svh-l-ag popolstiono; norelly iocludes hlrnae fI cr u rsteto replacemet leve,I adjusted for differe-t leogtn of prin-y ed"'atill; i'e nirr oith tear statiocnr puputico Is -ch td - The year ohec tatiu...ry popolatio i-irers educetiun -c-ulset sep -oeed lId pernet sn 00cr pu~p ls n".ice hasp-been rece. arahlo - -lv the fficial school age. R.iiicisoloc teceoty le~~condnoy -hbo'. -toal male and female - Compted tti.c t,,csr tee on. km. .-M'0-year popolativc per nq--e kilo-tee (100 hectaes) of rducntivc requires t lnn four year ofapprovd prmr -1it totn orsProvides9 georal vuctiosnl, or tc-he- teniotg icntr..t..... i. pupils Pcr on . ZTagr.IctarmI lad- Cooputed an above for agricultur..I land ually of 1 to 17ear of aige; ...ere-p-den-vicooo ni erly only. cooluded. PcoFlsti Ag teotre(evet Childeec (0-lb year), morkicg-gce -onlclerollnt.(pecn ifnodary) - Voc-tico.. I,i -tit~t-vO5rtlode 45uyas, n eie (5ysscd -ovr) so per-etges of 000-year te-bioni-, ocdlstril r teIror hich opertr icidepecc-tly or s 'poplalc 100,17,ad977 dabs. depeetmnto of ...uonor i-tt"tti-os poucin embtote eet) - totel - dcAl-- -ecth -at- of total aid- Ppitevsrtii-_orimay ndsc Tdr Tta ntun 11,,rlod to Year yopolnt ions for l950-6I. 1900-70, and 1970-n7. primary and sevoodary level divided by nub-ee oft taher in tlihore Pcpu~lsoo rIroth Ontc ) Pc-cnt) - urka - Aonu.1 gromth rates cf urban spcding levl- Poplatioc for 1950-hP, 1900-70, and 1970-75. Aduit literacy rate (pervet) - Literte adulto nile to red, and uIts) as Crude Btht Oats epr thousanod) - A..toal lIve- birthn per thousand of cud- np-rcrtn,c of total odult populatio aged II1 otan5vr yea popoluttoc; 15 0, 1970, and 1977 oats. Crude leth cots (pee thousad) - Accua deatic pce tho-,sand vi mii-year CONSUMPTONti Opoyslativ; 1900, 1970,an 1977 onto Ptanscngelr Ce (pee thousad popuilnti-i) - Pat...ngee scmpcsmtr ....rpo rsoeodution Ptte - kergeouiv hf diogtice 5 ma ill bc-r -toig lest tiso cight peesoc; e-clud- nbul-anc, hearten and cisy vpecIf etil ity rtatr; usonllp fiv-pine u~rIn- coding ic 1000, hadio P-e--r (per thouoano popultion) - bll typ-so -fervro foe -di,, i970, an 925. .....ac.. t geeapo'ipr othoan . of lipopution; --lde- soliceosd Psaily Pl1-iog - A-cptoec, iuAn l (thosa-do) ...ocIl obIr of- revivr M tvoc ..c an -d i year ohoegi t-t ion of rus . cti an ovo Ptor' of birth-control deetcounernopi c o ciocol Cfesly ffe-t; tto foe e--t pycr soy 0-t be -epieti~ -vecee 0v. ctr. plaonciog prograr. bnioio,d liceoiog. taty lnng-Ier U )Pcroctc f married o.ecc( - Perrec-te of married TV R-ci-era(erthoutadppuaic TV ---ccri fur besicdoct tii g--crl ous,ecP of childb-haingag y5 i -,prm sic to bleth-cotrol o-oi-e public Per thouand Ppopuat ion; ..cude unlicecc-d TVte-oivrv in-t to nil maried o-ce ivsneg group. and in y-nr ohbc r-gist-tiuc of TV cti s.. in effect. Ceacper" Cirulatioo (Per thousand oRlation) - lh... the .. ovrge i-cuintI FOOD ADil NUTITfION of 'daily genrail i.t--et - neonr ,dficed is a p-c,idiol psbltv-tio noe F.foo troduot- per Cspitc )IA,9-71 i00( - iodsoof Per-pi to oc-ted prisarily to -c-oding gense.al eo. It io --nidercd no bc 'doily" manun prodctionof al food --calio.Pvutucold cd and if it ipper- t0 l-et four times. sorry feed and x t v cieof pen -nin foeodi tiencove prnr giido Ctirun Ad...a Attendance pee Capoos nr door - bayed L.i tie, rounlcoti- (eg.nsartn 1. ntesd.f sugar). ouhare eoihlc ti. , a -hvtio -iietr ould during tic pyur, -inldiog odoisti-,r I e.d--iu~ioc-onuv nbile (e.g.ofcscicncvcoudd. oretepdivcoofeccony unuto isbsd s nsticti o1o -ra .. p F.se pric oeights. Percpitu -upoly of -svee -- cvo fi -ureneto - Conpuied f..u LBO b0t fOE energy vu io f vet fi-d ounppliec -oilitblc in -oniry pcrc-pita totnl labor forc (ih,o-oundi) -E ... ooivalLY -etie Pv-c-, i-1lodin ..ro..ii per day. Availabl so-ppIccu vuopein doseotic ipod-tioc, spieto 1c- foec- an uepilyed but e..veluding . Iusvivcc, tud-cti, et-o. eiiit.o-i osots, a 1ndrosog- it ot-nk. Net 2sppl ir -cc lde anios feed, seeds, invrc oso tuo trio o icoparbl. qsaiibttIe ooed in food pevr--og, an- .sv 1 ivI at,it bteihoc. Require- lpFr{p r.cpi) F- Pma utrforce uspr `incoE . a a f-roc seettiveeolcted.by Pkd I Isr oo phccingio -v,e for on-to Ag~l9-yro- fp1e-esit - LaborI foc nfrig orsr,hnigad ctItiviyanhrltb nooi d-e in0 -tvrons eprtr bOy -eghtu, finhiog so p-ertagc of tvtinl lubvr fume . age sd cc oioeih.t;-o pyvpolt, o, und o11-iog 10 perveot for Ind,stry (p-ntcc) - Lab. ev r lig cosrsor-ti-, -ufa-tsring too untie so hooscbc,ls leo,l. eleos-rcc ity, -tee and govnspece tags tf totail Is1,- fueve ivrc"Pti'ssPply of pruieli (grram Pee day) - teott'vvootoot Iic otic ipsti.c hate I.....cnt - Intl , al,~ and ienuie -'a-tioipati-nc -apin c-t n-pply of food per da,y. Not supply if fbon io icli-o a-otiocipestey te -puted as itotl-, male~, toOd -fo-csoi-be froc ac per- minor. Requletineti fnal onoutr-eo -.boliohd by 0100A penoode fors ccac f vt,ml n feeae ppoit`c o' sort rep-ot-iey; sooleo aP-ouce 60 hIgecc of totsl rcit.si per day ann 20 gRIc- f ld 90.adi7 to C"1eveor TiID' pur 'Io neterfeting animl td pulso pro1teco 'fohich 10 gran- huoh nmlpuec oge-- u tro-tsr at th, ,popultivo, and locg I -c teed. A feo -tiatec Theactandeus ar l1-c than tihse of 75 grans of tota protic and ore from suti-sl sunc 21 gersI of anima -ete.ic ns. v o foe the, oorld, proposed by FA0 gonomiceedoyPtio - Ptc .'f Populstiic coder I and h5 and -or t0 ccthrCirpnild Fn,.d luevey. itohive fv-v inag gru X- 151h64 y-ro Per v-piis pruteici aosply from ti-ol ano puio- trot- -mspply ti food dorived feon socol and pullvo in graspcdy ICOMEO DISTRIBITION Chil (aes --)Ploinlty ete(Poethnon b-- onu deaths peer thounad Pervetg f rvt tovne(Lath ic,m-h and kicnd) - PRcci-d hy riohesi in age mnP pec, in bbildre- iv thcout gop fvemoctdci 5 ponet,frIchet 20 peen-t, Poor.ost 20 pcs,adp-n-et h eno upini vounter- dsto d-ei-cd fes life nlo of hounhilds. Lif bortny ni hoeth (y"tt) A-boigs cate ,I yearn of lcfc Etoimatrd Abc-lutc Pov-Ipy Inv Level (U1$ Per onpito) - urban non ruralI remaiing t bith: 100, 070,any 977d Ots. Absolte pnoi ..tn. levelI is thtint-oon ,l-el brlou ohich sim 1nfant Ma.rtliiy Into opre lb-uano) -Anou.i I ahr. of -cfatr n uoenon otitoo adcucnitPlunsei o-boon requiremets is cot yrar Ffaee itb--i-ad iioc births fodbo Acocs" t, sfc Wnhr p-e,-oo I loutt i-t,il urban, nod rura - Pi_mtro voBov Povety lJoca Hre(1- ccPc "'i) lbs,, and rurl macbee'.f to ci. sisi. nto, ao eu -thoc ...oc-cnle -ococ to -hrielio povrty ouine leeIouvttdo org e c"Pt sufc.oio.opcy isonoc tecoco >oefoc ute'o u tevtd 'but Perona II.io tooutry. Urban level Icdrodfc the in 1- icc niainot ooie ~uoi o tbi 'eucPevciobrhlc pI ng, oith adj-ot-rt fur higoc- cots f ivingi ra rs oft veyb Or-"' thor Isotbtlo no othaveto"a syc on cadihilPi Pi' ou 11 11 ith, Isp .o lotohnun the funilyo --t needs ivoovin o yis and Prjenicstpaitent August 1979  - 20 - Page 4 of 5 pages SIERRA LEONE ECONOMIC INDICATORS GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT IN 1977/78 ANNUAL RATE OF GROWTH (%, 1972/73 constant prices) 1/ US$ Mln. % 1967-70/71 1970-76/77 1977/78-= GNP at Market Prices 762.6 100.0 7.3 1.0 0.8 Gross Domestic Investment 135.0 17.7 18.9 1.5 7.5 Gross National Saving 71.7 9.4 60.8 -3.5 5.0 Current Account Balance -63.3 8.3 Exports of Goods, NFS 174.5 22.9 11.4 -6.5 -9.0 Imports of Goods, NFS -229.5 30.1 7.6 -5.0 15.0 OUTPUT, LABOR FORCE AND PRODUCTIVITY IN 1977/78 Value Added Labor Force2/ V. A. Per Worker U5$ Mln. %i_ % HU Agriculture 276.7 39.2 1.010 75.5 274.0 52.0 Industry 153.1 21.7 0.108 8.1 1417.6 268.9 Services 275.6 39.1 0.179 13.4 1539.7 292.1 Unallocated 0 * 0.041 3.1 . _ Total/Average 705.4 100.0 1.338 100.0 527.2 100.0 GOVERNMENT FINANCE General Government Central Government ( Mln.) I of GLDP (.d Mln.) % of GDP (f.c. 1977/78 l977/78 1974/75-75/76 1971786 Current Receipts .. .. .. 160.7 21.6 16.8 Current Expenditure .. .. .. 180.9 24.4 19.7 Current Surplus .. .. .. -20.2 2.7 2.9 Capital Expenditures .. .. .. 85.8 11.6 7.1 External Assistance (net) .. .. .. 40.6 5.5 4.5 MONEY, CREDIT and PRICES 19 73 1974 1975 1976 1977 June 1978 Tillion Le outstanding end period)' Money and Quasi Money 70.5 84.2 90.1 111.0 135.7 166.6 Bank credit to Public Sector 3/ 15.1 23.0 58.7 107.2 120.5 148.7 Bank Credit to Private Sector 28.2 35.1 39.5 43.0 47.6 50.3 (Percentages or Index Numbers) Money and Quasi Money as % of GDP m.p.) 16.1 16.0 15.2 16.4 17.5 20.4 General Price Index (1961 = 1O0)