Transport development priorities in Papua and West Papua

51777 THE WORLD BANK OFFICE JAKARTA Indonesia Stock Exchange Building, Tower II/12-13th Fl. Jl. Jend. Sudirman Kav. 52-53 Jakarta 12910 Tel: (6221) 5299-3000 Fax: (6221) 5299-3111 THE WORLD BANK 1818 H Street N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433 USA Tel: (202) 458-1876 Fax: (202) 522-1557/1560 Email : feedback@worldbank.org Website : www.worldbank.org Printed in October 2009 TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES IN PAPUA AND WEST PAPUA is a product of staff of the World Bank. The findings, interpretation and conclusion expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the Board of Executive Directors of the World Bank or the government they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denomination and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement of acceptance of such boundaries. Transport Development Priorities in Papua and West Papua  Table of Contents Chapter 1 Status of the Sector 7 1.1 Sectoral Overview and Challenges 7 1.1.1 High Transport Costs 8 1.1.2 Improving Access for Remote Communities 8 1.1.3 Transport for Extractive Industries and Logging 8 1.1.4 Institutional Change 8 1.2 Roads and Road Transport 9 1.2.1 The Road Network 9 1.2.2 Road Surface and Condition 10 1.2.3 Road Construction 11 1.2.4 Road Use 11 1.3 Waterborne Transport 12 1.3.1 Ports 12 1.3.2 Shipping 12 1.3.3 Pioneer Shipping 13 1.3.4 Ferries 14 1.3.5 Inland Navigation 14 1.4 Air Transport 14 1.4.1 Airports 14 1.4.2 Airlines and Airline Deregulation 16 1.4.3 Pioneer Services 16 Chapter 2 Recent Developments 17 2.1 Past Government Expenditures in Transport 17 2.1.1 Sector Overview 17 2.1.2 Roads 18 2.1.3 Waterborne Transport 21 2.1.4 Air Transport 21 2.2 Recent Transport Policy Initiatives 22 2.2.1 Waterborne Transport 22 2.2.2 Air Transport 23 Chapter 3 Review of Expenditure Plans 25 3.1 Roads 25 3.1.1 Trans-Papua Links 25 3.1.2 Road Links to Provide Access to the Highlands 26 3.1.3 Road Works to Improve Access to Remote Communities 27 3.1.4 Road maintenance 28 3.1.5 Sustainability of the Road Expenditure Program 29 3.1.6 Need for Greater Intergovernmental Collaboration on Roads 31 3.1.7 Development of Integrated Multi-Year Road Works Programs 31 3.1.8 Road Traffic and Transport 32 3.2 Waterborne Transport 32 3.2.1 Ports 32 3.2.2 Pioneer Ports 33 3.2.3 River and Lake Navigation 33 3.2.4 Ferry Transport 33 4 Transport Development Priorities in Papua and West Papua  3.2.5 Greenfield Port in Depapre 34 3.2.6 Port Maintenance and Rehabilitation 34 3.2.7 Broader Policy Measures to Promote Waterborne Transport 34 3.2.8 Collaborative Approach 35 3.3 Air Transport 36 3.3.1 Airport Development Investments 36 3.3.2 Maintenance and Asset Management 37 3.3.3 Safety and Efficiency of Aviation 37 3.3.4 Collaborative Approach and Local Government Cost Sharing 38 3.4 Overall Assessment 39 3.4.1 The Approaches and Practices under the Planning Process 39 3.4.2 Modal Coordination and Multimodal Transport 43 3.4.3 Maintenance - Asset Preservation 45 3.4.4 A Collaborative and Comprehensive Approach 46 3.4.5 Infrastructure for Extractive Industries and Logging 47 Chapter 4 Recommendations 49 4.1 Approach to Transport Infrastructure Development 49 4.1.1 Spatial Plans as the Starting Point 49 4.1.2 Transport Infrastructure Serving the General Economy 49 4.1.3 Transport Infrastructure Serving Major Extractive Industries and Logging 50 4.1.4 Next Practical Steps 50 4.2 Comosition of Short/Medium Term Expenditure Program 50 4.2.1 For all modes 50 4.2.2 Road Transport 51 4.2.3 Air Transport 51 4.2.4 Waterborne Transport 51 Tables Table 1: Road Network - Papua Province (km) 9 Table 2: Road Network West Papua Province (km) 9 Table 3: Road Network - Papua and West Papua (km) 10 Table 4: Condition of the Road Network - Papua and West Papua and Nationwide (by source) 10 Table 5: Number of Motor Vehicles by Type - Papua and West Papua 11 Table 6: Ports in Papua and West Papua 12 Table 7: Airports in Papua Province by Category, Runway Length and Runway Surface 15 Table 8: Airports in West Papua Province by Category, Runway Length and Runway Surface 15 Table 9: Total Expenditures and Expenditures in the Transport Sector - Papua and West Papua 18 Table 10: Transport Sector Expenditures by MOT