El 399 VOL. 5 JIANGMEN CITY WENCHANGSHAWWTP PHASE 11 'ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Changjiang Water Resources Protection Inst. April 2006 TABLE OF CONTENTS ANNEXES ABBREVIATIONS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND 1 1.2 NEED FOR PROJECT 2 1.3 PURPOSE OF EIA 4 1.4 PROCESS AND METHODOLOGY OF EIA 5 1.5 RELATIONSHIP WITH FEASIBILITY STUDY 6 1.6 EIATEAM 7 1.7 ORGANIZATION OF REPORT 8 1.8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 8 1.9 SUMMARY 8 2 POLICIES AND SYSTEMS 10 2.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CODES AND DIRECTORIES 10 2.2 ANALYSIS OF COORDINATION WITH RELEVANT PLANNING 15 2.3 BRIEF SUMMARY _ 18 3 GENERAL SITUATION OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT 19 3.1 GENERAL SITUATION OF WENCHANGSHA WWTP PHASE I 19 3.2 SERVICE AREA OF PHASE II PROJECT 25 3.3 TASK AND SCALE OF THE PROJECT 25 3.4 ANALYSES FOR WATER CONSUMPTION AND SEWAGE QUANTITY 26 3.5 OVERALL SCHEME OF THE PROJECT 27 3.6 LAND OCCUPATION AND AFFECTED POPULATION 34 3.7 SCHEDULE OF CONSTRUCTION AND INVESTMENT OF THE PROJECT 35 3.8 ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT 35 3.9 ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT 36 3.10 BRIEF SUMMARY 38 I 4 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING 40 4.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT 41 4.2BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES 55 4.3EcONOMIc DEVELOPMENT 55 4.4SOCIALAND CULTURAL RESOURCES 57 4.5 SENSITIVE ENVIRONMENTAL OBJECTS 57 4.6SUMMARY 59 5 EIA AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURES 60 5.1 IDENTIFICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 60 5.2STANDARDS AND METHODS 61 5.3 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING/OFFSETTING MEASURES DURING CONSTRUCTION 68 5.4ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING/OFFSETTING MEASURES DURING OPERATION 78 5.5 SLUDGE DISPOSAL 103 5.6 GROUNDWATER 110 5.7ENVIRONMENTAL RISK EVALUATION 111 5.8SUMMARY 113 6 ALTERNATIVES 115 6.1 "WITHOUT PROJECT" ALTERNATIVE 115 6.2ADEQUACY OF SITE SELECTION 115 6.3 ALTERNATIVE SEWAGE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 117 6.4ALTERNATIVE SLUDGE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES 120 6.5 SUMMARY 122 7 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN 123 7.1 MAIN ENVIRONMENT IMPACT OF PROJECT 123 7.2 INTRODUCTION OF EPM 127 7.3 ORGANIZATION AND DUTIES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 127 7.4 EMP 130 7.5 ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION MONITORING PLANS 138 7.6 TRAINING FOR PERSONNEL 139 7.7 SUMMARY 144 II 8 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND INFORMATION ISSUANCE 145 8.1 METHODOLOGY AND PUBLIC GROUPS 145 8.2 FIRST ROUND OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 146 8.3 THE SECOND ROUND OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 152 8.4 DISCLOSURE OF EIA REPORT 153 8.5 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 154 9 CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS 155 9.1 PROJECT BENEFITS 155 9.2 MAIN ADVERSE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 156 9.3 CONCLUSION 162 ANNEX 164 TABLES Table 1.6-1 List of EIATeam Table 1.6-2 Schedule of EIA (Institutional Arrangements for EIA Team) Table 2.2-1 Construction plan of urban sewage treatment projects Table 3.1 -1 Designed qualities of inflow and effluent of Phase C Table 3.1-2 Statistics of Actual Sewage Quantity Treated Table 3.1-3 Statistics of Inflow Quality and Effluent Quality of Each Month of 2002 Table 3.1-4 Statistics of Inflow Quality and Effluent Quality of Each Month of 2003 Table 3.1-5 Statistics of Inflow Quality and Effluent Quality of Each Month of 2004 Table 3.1-6 Eligible Rates of Effluent Quality Table 3.4-1 Water Consumption Forecast Table 3.4-2 Forecast Result of Received Sewage Quantity Table 3.5-1 Designed Inflow Quality of the WWTP Table 3.5-2 Designed Effluent Quality of the Sewage Treatment Plant Table 3.5-3 Schedule of Pipe net of Wenchangsha WWTP Project Phase[ Table 3.5-4 Schedule of Pumping Station of Wenchangsha WWTP Phase [0 Table 3.6-1 Permanent land occupation of Phase L-] Project of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 4.1-1 Noise Monitor Result of Project Location Table 4.1-2 Water Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of Jiangmen River in 2003 Table 4.1-3 Water Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of Tiansha River in 2003 Table 4.1-4 Water Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of Jiangmen River in Low Water Period in 2003 Table 4.1-5 Water Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of Tiansha River in Low Water Period in 2003 Table 4.1-6 Water Quality Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of the Jiangmen River and III the Tiansha River in 2005 (Yearly Average) Table 4.1-7 Water Quality Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of the Jiangmen River and the Tiansha River in Low Flow Period in 2005 Table 4.1-8 Weather Condition in Monitoring Period Table 4.1-9 Monitoring Result Statistic Chart of Air Quality Unit:mg/m3 Table 4.3-1 Actuality of landuse in Jiangmen City Table 5.1 -1 Identification Matrix of the El Factors of the Project Table 5.2-1 Standard of Ambient Air Quality ( GB3095-1996 ) Table 5.2-2 Integrated Standard of Air Pollutant Emission (GB16297-1996) Table 5.2-3 Standard of Odor Pollutant Emission and Standard of Pollutant Emission from Municipal Sewage Treatment Plants Table 5.2-4 Standard of Ambient Noise Levels in Urban Areas (GB3096-93) Table 5.2-5 Noise Limits for Boundaries of Construction Sites (GB12523-90) Table 5.2-6 Standards on Environmental Quality of Surface Water (GB3838-2002) Table 5.2-7 Integrated Standard of Sewage Discharge (GB8978-1996) Table 5.2-8 Standard of Pollutant Discharge from Municipal Sewage Treatment plants Table 5.2-9 Limited Values of Water Pollutant Discharge of Guangdong Table 5.2-10 Standard of Agricultural Sludge Pollutant Control Table 5.2-11 Standard Values for Identification of Lixivium Toxicity Table 5.3-1 Noise Origin Source Strength of Primary Machines in Wenchangsha WWTP(O1) Table 5.3-2 Attenuation Forecast of Machines Table 5.3-3 ConstnrclionAreaNoise Forecast Value of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 5.3-4 Pipe ConstnctionAraNoise Forecast Value of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 5.4-1 Contamination Emission of Wenchangsha WWTP (O) Table 5.4-2 Forecast Results of Impacts on Water Quality of the Tiansha River Table 5.4-3 Forecast Results of Impacts on Water Quality of the Jiangmen River Table 5.4-4 Forecast Results of Impacts on Water Quality of the Jiangmen River Table 5.4-5 Fetor Resource strength of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 5.4-6 Wind Speed Frequency in the Urban Area of Jiangmen between 1998-2003 Table 5.4-7 Stability Grade and Frequency in Jiangmen City Table 5.4-8 Monitoring Result around Aeration Basin in Jizhuangzi WWTP Table 5.4-9 Monitoring Result and Fetor Level of Gongbei WWTP Table 5.4-10 Health Protection Distance of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 5.4-11 Deodorization System of 1 Sewage Pumping Station Table 5.4-12 Deodorization System of 3# Sewage Pumping Station Table 5.4-13 Deodorization System of Wenchangsha WWTP Table 5.4-14 Noise Origin Source Strength of Primary Machines in Wenchangsha WWTP(O) Table 5.4-15 Noise Origin Source Strength attenuation Forecast of Wenchangsha WWTP( O]) Table 5.4-16 Forecast Value of Wenchangsha WWTP Boundary and Sensitive Spots Table 5.5-1 Sludge of Wenchangsha WWTP in Running Stage IV Table 5.5-2 Routine Detection Result of Sludge Table 5.5-3 Detection Results of Sludge Lixivium Table 6.1-1 Comparisons of Contamination Gross Discharged into Water Body Table 6.3-1 Present Worth Comparison of Different Craft Table 7.2-1 Summary Sheet of Environment Protection Measures Table 7.3-1 Monitoring Equipment List needed in Wastewater Treatment Plant during Operation Table 7.4-1 Environment Management Plan Table 7.5-1 Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 7.5-2 Expense estimate of each sub project monitoring Table 7.6-1 Schedule for Environmental Protection Personnel Training Table 8.2-1 Questionnaire for Wenchangsha WWTP Phase El in Jiangmen Table 8.2-2 Details of the Surveyed People Table 8.2-3 Results of Public Participation Table 8.3-1 Details of the Surveyed People of the Second Public Participation Table 8.3-2 Results of the Second Public Participation PHOTOS Photo 3. -1 Wenchangsha WWTP Phase El Photo 3.1-2 Obligated Land for Wenchangsha WWTP Phase El Photo 4.5-1 Relative Location of Wenchang Chinese-Englsh School and Wenchangsha WWTP Photo 4.5-2 Wenchang Chinese-English School FIGURES Figure 4.1-1 Noise monitor spots Sketch Map of Wenchangsha WWTP Figure 4.1-2 The Water Quality of Main Water System in Jiangmen City in Rainless Period Figure 5.4-1 The Water Quality of Main Water System in Jiangmen City in Rainless Period in Operation Stage Figure 5.4-2 Frequency Rose Figure of Jiangmen City Figure 6.3-1 Process Chart of A/O Figure 6.3-2 Process Chart of A2/O Figure 6.3-3 Process Chart of Improved A2/o ANNEXES ANNEX A REFERENCES ANNEX B SOME OTHER APPENDIXES Appendix 1: Inception letter of Wenchangsha wwtp sludge by qiganshi sanitary landfill Appendix 2: Opinions statistics of Public participation v ABBREVIATIONS CC CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTOR EA ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT El ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT EIA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT EMP ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN EPM ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MEASURE REF. REFERENCE TOC TABLE OF CONTENTS TOR TERMS OF REFERENCE WB WORLD BANK WWTP WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT SPS SEWAGE PUMP STATION PS PUMP STATION PHASE D WENCHANGSHA WWTP PHASE E PRD PEARL RIVER DELTA PRD2 PRD URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPROVEMENT PROJECT - PHASE II SEIs SERIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES NGO NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS TSP TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICULATES JMDMD JIANGMEN CITY DRAINAGE MANAGE DEPARTMENTALISM JMMB JIANGMEN CITY MUNICIPAL QFFAIRSBUREAU JMEPB JIANGMEN CITY ENTIRONMENT PROTECTION BUREAU VI 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Project Background Since China's reform and opening up policy in the late 1970s, economic growth in the Pearl River delta (referred as PRD) has continued at a rapid growth rate. According to statistics data, the average annual GNP growth rate during the period from 1990 to 2000 was 14.7%. The PRD has become a manufacturing base in the whole world. There is a well-developed water system in the PRD, with crisscross rivers, ditches and canals distributed in the water network. Major surface waters passing through this region include the Pearl River and its tributaries including Xijiang, Beijiang and Dongjiang, which flows from north to south and empties into the South China Sea. The water system is referred to the Figure. Rapid economic growth in PRD is accompanied by ever increasing environmental pollution. The deteriorated environmental conditions result in serious water pollution. Water qualities in many branches belong to or are below Category V, especially those around Guangzhou, Foshan and Dongguan. Major water pollution sources include domestic wastewater, industry wastewater, and agricultural surface pollution sources. Water pollution in the PRD poses a serious thread to the South China Sea. The South China Sea is one of major large marine ecosystems in the world. In order to improve the global environment, the GEF has agreed to help coastal countries to achieve sustainable development. With the cooperation of GEF/UNDP/IMO East Asian Marine Environmental Management and Global Environmental Loan/UNEP, the GEF-financed study has analyzed the major risks by the trend of environmental deterioration in the South China Sea and the Thailand Bay, and identified land-based pollution as the most significant transboundary pollution source in the South China Sea, and the PRD is identified as a "hot spot" of land-based pollution and the largest land-based pollution source from China. To mitigate land-based pollution from the PRD is helpful in dealing with such special thread to the South China Sea and reverse the trend of environmental deterioration, which will generate huge environmental benefits and benefit millions of people living here and their health. IN order to solve the issue of environmental pollution in the PRD, Guangdong Provincial Government and the local government intend to apply for a World Bank loan for PRD Urban Environmental Improvement Project. This project comprises a series of subprojects, including Phase I-environmental improvement in Guangzhou City, mainly the sewage treatment and collection system, which are under implementation, and Phase II - environmental improvement in Foshan and Jiangmen. Foshan Subproject consists of (1) dredging of drainage system, (2) rehabilitation on the south bank of the Fengjiang River, (3) sludge treatment center, and (4) Zhen'an sewage treatment plant and collection network, while Jiangmen Subproject comprises Wenchangsha Wastewater Treatment Plant Phase II (referred to as the "Project") and sewage collection network. 1.2 Need for Project The length of polluted rivers in the PRD is still increasing. Water pollution is so serious that water quality in some urban reaches is worse than Category V. As indicated by statistical data, there was a total sewage volume of 11.5 million m3/d in 2000, which is expected to reach 12.3 million m3/d by 2010, including 2.1 million m3/d industrial wastewater. Geographically, 25% was from Guangzhou and 25 from Jiangmen and Foshan, so it is extremely important to enhance water pollution control in Jiangmen and improve the water environmental quality in the PRD. Jiangmen City is in the west part of the PRD. Major rivers flowing through this city include Xijiang and Tanjiang. The local government is greatly interested in water pollution control. Recently, the following measures have been implemented for industrial pollution control: (1) Improve discharge reporting and registration procedure: To have a full and correct understanding of pollution sources, discharge reporting and registration procedure were completed by Jiangmen in 2001, and 1530 industries were included to ensure their effluent discharge compliance (2) Ensure the effluent from the industries reaching the discharge standards within required time: This measure covers 310 major industries in chemical pharmaceutical, paper mill, electronic integrated circuit, textile and dyeing, plastic processing, tannery, brewery, machinery, and other manufacturing industries. For instance, Jiangmen Xinhua Paper Mill, a big pollution source, tried hard to seek advanced treatment technologies within the required time limit and adopted efficient shallow flotation devices designed by Wuhan Design Institute under the Ministry of Light Industry and produced by Wuxi Hudong Machinery Plant, which can remove a large percentage of SS, COD and BOD and enabled reuse of treated wastewater. (3) Control additional pollution sources by strictly following "three at same time": It is required by Jiangmen City that any project with environmental impacts is subject to the environmental protection authority's approval before the registration of the project can be are completed. Recently total of 2,740 application were received, 119 of them were rejected, that is 4.34%; the total investment is 11.704 billion RMB, including 358 million RMB for environmental protection, that is 3.06%. The system of "three at same time" was adopted in 518 schemes, which was 100% of the project numbers in 2 the year, and 966 projects were accepted in the year, the additional pollution sources is controlled effectively. (4) Abandon out of date equipment and processes, shut down the industries which can not meet the discharge standards: Jiangmen City has developed a thorough inventory of the "small" enterprises and measures were taken for those which failed to reach the discharge standards in the required time limit, as result 3 factories and 35 small coal kilns were banned and 15 factories were asked to shot down in the city. (5) Promote cleaner production: ISO14000 and cleaner production are conducted properly to promote the compliance with the standards. For instance, Jiangmen ABB Low-voltage Switch CO., Ltd. has saved electricity by 25% and water by 15% in the first year by introducing IS014001 standard. The resulting higher resources utilization ratios and lower operation costs represent considerable economic benefits. (6) Strengthen pollution source monitoring and punish the illegal discharge: Forceful efforts were made for inspecting enforcement for industrial pollution, including key enterprises and ordinary ones. It is required to improve internal management, establish environmental regulations and responsibility systems, maintain pollution control facility in good order and monitoring records, issue order of correction to the enterprises if failing to meet the standards, and exercise administrative punishment on the enterprises for violating the law. In the recent years, the environmental authorities deployed 8,071 person times for 5,263 inspections, issued 106 administrative punishment, levied 0.7552 million RMB penalty on the enterprises, all of these were exposed to the public by the media. With these measures implemented and joint efforts made by the responsible parties, the all key 1,530 enterprises have completed pollution management, among those, 224 meeting the standards by pollution control measures within the required time, 329 meeting the standards by pollution control measures, 890 meeting the standards by implementing correction measure, 10 meeting the standards by eliminating the polluting processes, 64 was shut down themselves, 7 was ordered to stop production, 5 was shut down according to the law, and 1 was agreed to be accepted later. By this effort, the total volume of industrial wastewater is reduced from 125.2377 million tons to 111.881 million tons/a. The next step of pollution control will focus on ensuring all major pollution sources to meet the national and local standards. According to the "Guangdong Provincial Action Plan for Compliance Discharge of Major Pollution Sources", 150 enterprises in Hangmen will be included in the list of compliance discharge, including 8 provincial key enterprises, 25 city key ones, 100 electroplating ones, and 17 district key ones. On-line monitoring equipment will be installed in the outfalls of these enterprises, and be connected to the environmental 3 protection authorities to carry out adequate monitoring. The effluent from these enterprises will be tested more than 4 times a year. While industrial pollution control is strengthened, "green water and blue sky" schemes are implemented in combination with urban flood control and overall management measures in Tiansha and Zishui Rivers to improve water pollution. Jiangmen and Tiansha are major rivers passing through the city property of Jiangmen City, were included in the priority pollution control list in Pearl River water environmental management in 2002. Despite of a series of measures implemented in water pollution control and industrial pollution control, since there are (except Xinhui District) only 2 wastewater treatment plants (Wenchang and Fengle) with the capacity of 50,000 m3/d and 40,000 m3/d respectively, which is considerably less than the existing wastewater generated of 300,000 m3/d, and additionally the development of sewage collection system lags behind, large quantities of wastewater is discharged into the Tiansha and Jiangmen Rivers, which caused serious pollution to a varying extent. At present, water quality in Tiansha River belongs to Category V, and water quality in Jiangmen River belongs to Category IV and is below Category IV in dry seasons. According to water quality objectives proposed by Comprehensive Control Planning of Water Environment for Jiangmen City of Guangdong Province, water qualities of the Tiansha River and the Jiangmen River should meet or be better than Category IV of the Surface Water Quality Standard. So, the water quality in these rivers fails to meet the objectives of corresponding functions. As required in the "Outline of Environmental Protection Plan for PRD" [416], the rate of municipal sewage treatment will be over 70% by 2010 and 85% by 2020, with secondary treatment processes in order to remove the phosphorous and nitrogen. Based on this, it is required to have a sewage treatment capacity of 1.48 million m3/d by 2010 and 2.01 million m3/d by 2020. The existing capacity is inadequate to meet the requirements of the overall water environmental management and water quality objectives. Therefore Jiangmen urban environmental improvement, as an important component of the PRD Urban Environmental Improvement Project - Phase II (referred to as "PRDII"), should be considered as priority. 1.3 Purpose of EIA The Project, as an important part of overall water environmental management in Jiangmen City, is a public utility for the purpose of environmental protection. When completed and put into operation, it will greatly reduce the pollution load into the Jiangmen and Tiansha Rivers and ease the water pollution in the urban reaches. On the other hand, during the construction and operation of the Project, the odor and sludge generated will inevitably cause some impacts on the physical environment, social environment and ecosystem. 4 The purpose of this EIA report is to predict the environmental improvements in Jiangmen City and PRD and the adverse impacts by the Project on the aquatic ecosystem, landscape, public health, land use, and social development by investigating the environmental setting in the Project area and analyzing the Project's role, carry out overall assessment of the possible adverse environmental impacts caused by effluent, odor and sludge, recommend mitigating measures for both construction and operation stages, thus provide a sound basis for environmental management and feasibility study preparation responsible authorities, IA and DI. 1.4 Processes and Methodology of EIA 1.4.1 Process of EIA EIA of the Project is prepared in 5 stages: Stage 1 - preliminary planning: to carry out initial analysis of the Project components, review the Project file, work out work plan, and prepare basis for EIA; Stage 2 - preparation: to conduct initial analysis of the Project role through office work and field work based on the Project file, survey on the environmental setting, collect baseline data such as the "Outline of Environmental Protection Plan for PRD" and "Overall Plan of Water Environmental Management in Jiangmen City", conduct first round Public Participation to receive public opinions and suggestions, and prepare EIA ToR; Stage 3 - formal work: to evaluate the policy and regulation/management framework on the basis of the overall survey of environmental background in the Project area and the EIA ToR, analyze the provincial policies and regulations, initially assess the institutional arrangements during construction and operations phases, work out initial environmental management framework, identify environmental impacts and determine environmental protection targets on the basis of experience and lessons from similar projects, review the World Bank safeguard policies, analyze the environmental impacts from the Project, make recommendations on optimizing Project components, and propose initial environmental protection measures, environmental monitoring plans and environmental management plans; Stage 4 -report preparation: to improve the environmental impact analysis, environmental protection measures, environmental monitoring plans and environmental management plans on the basis of the activities completed and the findings from Public Participation in Stage 3, analyze and summarize the information and data collected in the previous stage, reach conclusions and complete the EIA report (draft) on this basis, carry out the second round Public Participation, disclose report to the public, and conduct pre-appraisal; 5 Stage 5 - finalize report: revise the draft report and finalize the reports based on the comments from Project Management Office and the World Bank's Pre-appraisal Mission. 1.4.2 Methodology of EIA Considering the fact that the Project is for environmental improvement, its aim is to improve the water environment and the people's living standards, promote sustainable social development and establish a harmonious society. As the environmental impacts during construction will be minor and short, but impacts during operation will exist all the time, the methodology adopted has the following characteristics: (1) The study area covers pipeline installation areas, pump stations, and treatment plant, the focus will be on the plant; (2) Due to the considerable difference in management and operation modes and environmental impacts during construction and operation, the environmental impacts, mitigating measures and environmental management plans will be described separately for both construction and operation periods. (3) As the Project is for environmental improvement, the EIA will be focused on the analysis of positive impacts due to implementation and the impacts during operation. (4) In addition to the above, the EIA includes analysis of the applicable policies, regulations and relevant plans, Public Participation, and environmental risk management. 1.5 Relationship with Feasibility Study As stipulated in the national "Regulations for Environmental Protection and Management of Construction Projects", an EIA report should be prepared as an important part of the project feasibility study report and one of the mandatory documents to be submitted, EIA conclusions are an important basis for justifying the project feasibility, and acceptance of the EIA report is a precondition for approving the overall feasibility study report. An EIA report in the feasibility study stage must include environmental protection measures for different project stages, namely, (i) design, including contract documents, (ii) construction, and (iii) operation, including environmental monitoring plans, environmental management plans, and institutional arrangements. The EIA report must comply with China's applicable laws/regulations and the World Bank's EIA Guidelines. The EIA report will be pre-reviewed by the relevant government authority before finally reviewed by the environmental protection authority. 6 1.6 EIA Team This report is prepared by the Yangtze Water Resources Protection Institute as guided by the World Bank experts and Metcalf & Eddy Inc. and assisted by the relevant parties. The EIA team is established by the Institute. Table 1.6-1 lists the members and responsibilities of the team and Table 1.6-2 is for the schedule of EIA. Table 1.6-1 List of EIA Team Name Subject Education Responsibility EIA, environmental protection Gorpy clg,si Lei Alin plan, soil conservation, water conservateon Organization, coordination resources management EIA, enviromnmental protection Aquatic ecology, soil Task manager, review of Jiang Guzheng plan, soil conservation, water conservation report in Chinese and resources management English Ma Jing'an EIA, soil conservation, water Meteorology, hydrology Technical manager ______ ______ resources_mnanagement _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Li Yingxi EIA, soil conservation, water Hydrology, soil Technical responsibility resources management conservation Cao Wenying EIA, soil conservation, water Architectural engineering, Sections 3, 5, 7, 8 Y_________ resources management water resources Ba Yadong EIA, soil conservation Environmental monitoring, Sections, 1, 2, 4, 5, summar _____ _____ ____ _____ _____ _____ ____ soil conservation Cai Jianqing EIA, soil conservation Microbiology, soil Sections 1, 2, 5, 6 Wang EIA, soil conservation environmental engineering Sections 1, 5, 6, 7 Liu Yachun EIA Environmental monitoring, Sections 6, 8, 9 water resources Zhang Ning EIA, soil conservation Archoitectural enginmeerig, Sections 2, 10, drawing 1environmiental economy Wang Junling EIA, soil conservation Sociology Sections 3, 4, 10, drawing Table 1.6-2 Schedule of EIA (Institutional Arrangements for EIA Team) Responsibility Main Activity by EIA Team 1. Introduction LAL, JGZ, MJA, BYD, CJQ 2. Policies and regulations LYX, BYD, WXY, ZN,CJQ 3. Project description LAL, MJA, BYD, CWY, WJL 4. Environmental setting in surroundings JGZ, BYD, LYC, WJL 5. EIA and enviromnental protection measures JGZ, MJA, BYD, CWY, WXY, CJQ, LYC 6. Economic evaluation JGZ, CJQ, LYC,CJQ 7. Altematives JGZ, LYX, CWY, WXY, LYC 8. Enviromnental management plan JGZ, MJA, CWY, WXY, LYC 9. Public Participation and information release JGZ, MJA, BYD,LYC 10. Conclusions and recommendations JGZ, ZN, WJL WXY Drawing ZN, WJL Executive sunumary JGZ, CWY, WXY Annex A: References LYX, LYC Translation JGZ, CGR, WXY I I I~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Note: EIA team members: BYD=Ba Yadong, CGR=Chen Guirong, CJQ=Cai Jianqing, CWY=Cao Wenying, JGZ=Jiang Guzheng, LAL=Lei Alin, LYC=Liu Yachun, LYX=Li Yingxi, MJA=Ma Jing'an, WJL=Wang Junling, WXY=Wang Xiaoyuan, ZN=Zhang Ning 1.7 Organization of Report 1.7.1 Main Report The organization of the EIA report is arranged as follows: Main report: (1) Table of contents; (2) Executive summary: a brief description of the main report, which summarizes the main contents, conclusions and recommendations. Also when necessary a few pages of summary will be prepared for review by superior officials; (3) Sections: refer to the Table of Contents. 1.7.2 References Main references in the report are numbered 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 respectively, and attached to the texts and figures/tables to indicate the source of information. 1.7.3 Organization by Sections The first part of each section describes the specific organization, which is texts and then followed by figures and tables. 1.8 Acknowledgement Our thanks go to Tom Zearley, Li Dahong and experts of the World Bank, Metcalf & Eddy Inc., Jiangmen Public Utilities Bureau, Jiangmen Environmental Protection Bureau and other departments, Wenchangsha Wastewater Treatment Plant, and Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute for their great support and assistance. 1.9 Summary Section 1 includes the following parts: 8 (1) Project Background: For the purpose of water environmental protection in the Pearl River basin and land-based pollution mitigation in the PRD, Guangdong Provincial Government applies for a World Bank loan for the PRD Urban Environmental Improvement Project. PRD2 is an important component of the project. (2) Need for Project: Water environmental pollution in the PRD is serious, the total wastewater discharge was 11.5 million m3/d in 2000, including 25% from Guangzhou and 25% from Jiangmen and Foshan. Therefore, to enhance water pollution control in Jiangmen is of great importance to environmental improvement in the PRD. A series of measures have been implemented to improve water pollution control and industrial pollution control in the recent years, yet water quality in the Jiangmen and Tiansha Rivers still fails to meet the objectives of standards. Therefore Jiangmen urban environmental improvement, an important component of the PRD2, should be considered as a priority. (3) Purpose of EIA: This EIA report is prepared to meet the World Bank requirements. Investigation on local environmental conditions and prediction on how the Project will impact and improve the water environment in Jiangmen and the PRD during construction and operation periods, including the odor and sludge impacts on Jiangmen during operation. Mitigating measures are recommended also. (4) Process and Methodology of EIA: The EIA includes 5 stages: preliminary planning, preparation, formal work, draft report preparation, and finalize the report. The methodology includes: baseline data collection by overall survey, survey, and field investigation; analysis of the possible environmental impacts and provision of mitigating measures in design, construction and operation stages of the Project; preparation of environmental management plans to ensure implementation of proposed environmental protection measures. (5) Relationship with Project Feasibility Study: This report is an important part of the Project feasibility study, rather than an addition. (6) EIA Team: The team members, responsibilities, profession and inputs are discussed in brief. (7) Organization of Report: The table of contents is explained. This report is prepared to meet the World Bank requirements. (8) Acknowledgement: For organizations and individuals who greatly helped the EIA team. 9 2 POLICIES AND SYSTEMS 2.1 Implementation of Environmental Regulation and Guidelines The preparation of EIA and EMP follows the national and local policies, law and regulations systems constituted by the Constitution, environmental protection law, and environmental protection codes and various environmental standards. 2.1.1 Environmental policies (1) Basic state policy Environmental protection is state policy of China. Its strategic goal is: to alleviate the environmental pollution, to arrest the deterioration tendency of environment, to improve urban and rural environmental quality especially for big and middling cities and important areas and to complete laws, policies and management system of environmental protection adapted to socialist market economy system. The report takes the requirements of "improving urban and rural environmental quality especially for big and middling cities and important areas" into account. (3) Sustainable development strategy This strategy requires that the sustainable development should be embodied when the planning and schemes of the socioeconomic development strategy is prepared. Environmental protection should be included into relevant economic policies, economic indicators. The environmental protection is confirmed in this report according to the strategy. 2.1.2 Constitution and environmental laws, codes and criterions The report mainly follows the national laws, codes and criterions: (1) Constitution of the PRC [401] Article 26 of the Constitution indicates that the state protects and improves people's environment and eco-environment, prevents and controls pollution and other public hazards. The above description on environmental protection confirmed by the nation is adequately embodied in the compilation of this report. (2) Environmental Protection Law of the PRC [401] Article 13 of the Law indicates that environmental impact assessment report on a construction project must assess its impact on the environment and recommend the 10 preventive and mitigation measures; The report shall, after initial examination by the authorities in charge of the construction project, be submitted through specified procedure to the environmental protection administration for approval. These requirements are considered in the course of the report preparation. (3) Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the PRC [403] Article 1 of the Law indicates that this law is formulated for the purpose of implementing sustainable development strategy, preventing negative impacts on environment caused by planning and construction project and promoting the harmonious development of economy, society and environment. Article 2 indicates that the environmental impact assessment refers to analyzing, predicting and assessing the environmental impacts caused by the implementation of planning and construction project, stipulating measures for preventing or mitigating the negative environmental impacts and measures and systems for monitoring. Article 16 (1) of the law indicates that for the project that would cause significant environmental impact, environmental impact assessment report should be compiled and the caused environmental impact should be comprehensively assessed. These requirements are considered in the course of report preparation. (4) Ordinance on the Environmental Protection Management for Construction Project [408] Item 9 of the ordinance indicates that environmental impact assessment report should be submitted for approval by the construction unit in the feasibility study period... Item 16 indicates that environment protection facilities required should be designed, constructed and put into operation at the same time with the project. The above provisions are adequately embodied in the compilation of this report. (5) Water Law of the PRC [401] Article 6 of the Law indicates that every unit should strengthen the prevention and control of water pollution in order to protect and improve water quality. The people's governments at various levels should strengthen the supervision and management of prevention and control of water pollution according to the Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. Compilation of this report is under the Law. And relevant measures for preventing water pollution are constituted in the environmental management plan. (6) Land Administration Law of the PRC [401] Article 23 of the Law indicates that construction unit must possess design documents approved by State Council or governments above county level according to the basic II construction procedure of the nation or other authorized documents when land requisition is necessary for the construction. Article 27 indicates that land compensation should be paid by the unit using the land when land requisition is necessary for construction. Article 28 indicates that subsidy for resettlement should be paid properly by the unit using the land beside land compensation when land requisition is necessary for construction. Article 33 indicates that field for piling up of materials, road for transportation and other temporary facilities that are necessary for construction of the project should be arranged within the acquired land. Building of permanent structure is prohibited on the land occupied temporarily. When the use on temporarily occupied land completes, the construction unit should resume the production condition of the land and return the land in time. (7) Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution [401] Article 13 of the Law indicates that relevant national regulations on environmental protection management of construction project must be followed when building, expanding or rebuilding construction projects or other facilities on water that discharge pollutants to water body directly or indirectly. The Article also indicates that environmental impact assessment report for construction project must assess its potential impacts on water pollution and eco-environment, recommend the prevention and control measures, and then submit to corresponding environmental administration authority for approval according to the procedure. According to the above regulations, this report recommends that the construction contractor should build and operate water pollution control facilities. And tasks of construction contractor should be supervised by environmental management office. Construction contractor should also monitor the pollution that may be caused in the operation period of the wastewater treatment plant, to ensure both the water environment downstream of the outfall would not be affected by the effluent of treated water and the water environment will be improved after the operation of the project. (8) Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution [401] Article 10 of the Law indicates that relevant national regulations about environmental protection management of construction project must be followed when building, expanding or rebuilding construction projects that emit pollution to atmosphere. The article also indicates that environmental impact assessment report of construction project must assess its potential impacts on air pollution and eco-environment, recommend the prevention and control measures, and then submit to corresponding environmental administration authority for approval according to the procedure. Protective measures of ambient air quality are recommended in the report for design, construction and operation phases. Implementation of the measures will be supervised by environmental management office. 12 (9) Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Noise Pollution [401] Article 13 of the Law indicates that all the construction projects should take noise control measures similar to the control of water and air pollution, and these tasks should be implemented by construction contractor. (10) Law of the PRC on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution by Solid Waste [4011 Article 3 of this law indicates that for prevention and control the environmental pollution caused by solid wastes, the principal is to decrease the production, utilize and dispose of solid wastes in sanitary way. Article 12 indicates that relevant national regulations on environmental protection management of construction project must be followed when the project constructed will produce industrial solid wastes and projects are for treatment and disposal of solid wastes. Article 29 indicates that unit that produces industrial solid wastes should set up responsibility system of prevention and control of environmental pollution and take measures to prevent and control environmental pollution caused by industrial solid wastes. This report recommends the management and control measures for solid wastes in construction period; corresponding measures are also recommended according to the characteristics of sludge produced in operation period. (11) City Planning Law of the PRC [402] City Planning Law indicates that utilization of land and constructions should proceed according to the city planning. (12) Ordinance of Environmental Protection of Guangdong Province [417] Item 2 of the ordinance indicates that the this ordinance shall apply for protecting and improving people's environment and eco-environment, preventing and controlling pollution such as waste gas, wastewater, solid waste, dust, odors, radioactive substances, noise, vibration and radiation of electromagnetic wave and other hazardous waste in the district of Guangdong Province. Item 3 indicates that the people's governments at various levels should be responsible for the environmental quality of the areas under their jurisdiction. The system that leaders should be responsible for the environmental quality will be implemented and objectives and tasks of environmental protection in both office term and each year should be carried out to ensure the environmental quality meeting the planned standard. (13) Ordinance of Water Quality Protection for Pearl Delta of Guangdong Province [424] Item 14 of the ordinance indicates that centralized urban wastewater treatment facilities should be constructed in cities (cities and towns set up by the nation according to 13 administrative organization system). Centralized wastewater treatment facilities should also be constructed according to local requirement of water quality protection planning in villages and towns with population more than 10,000 population. Treatment rate should be no less than 40% in 2005 and no less than 70% in 2010. Item 17 indicates that centralized wastewater treatment units should keep the treatment facilities operate normally and ensure the effluent quality meet national or local discharge standard. Centralized wastewater treatment units should monitor the quality and quantity of effluent, report periodically the results to local environmental protection administrative agencies and conduct sanitary treatment for sludge. When discharged effluent quality from the centralized wastewater treatment unit can't each the discharge standard, government at the same level should order the unit to improve in a limited period and the unit should pay a penalty for non-compliance. Implementation of this project follows this requirement. The environmental management plan is included in this report. 2.1.3 World Bank's Documents The report follows World Bank relevant guidelines: (1) Word Bank's guidelines on environmental assessment [501] According to the World Bank's guidelines, compilation of the report is to ensure the project planned is reasonable and applicable in the aspect of environment and ensure any of the environmental impact is predicted before the construction of the project, at the same time it should be included project design. Environmental assessment includes determination of the environmental improvement caused by the project, measures to reduce the negative impact and mitigation measures. Environmental impact assessment of the project follows the requirements of the guidelines. (2) World Bank's Operation Policies of Environmental Assessment [502] (OP4.01) Item 1 of World Bank's Operation Policies of Environmental Assessment indicates that World Bank should implement environmental assessment for projects using World Bank funding in order to ensure the projects are environmental friendly and sustainable, to improve decision-making ability. (3) World Bank's Working Process of Environmental Assessment [503](OP4.01) Item 1 of World Bank's Working Process of Environmental Assessment indicates that it is the responsibility of borrower to implement environmental assessment for projects using World Bank financing. 14 2.2 Analysis of Coordination with Relevant Planning 2.2.1 Analysis of Coordination with Outline of Environmental Protection Planning in the Pearl River Delta Area Through more than 20 years development, the socioeconomic development in Pearl River Delta has obtained great achievement. With 0.4% of the land and 3% of the national population, Pearl River Delta generated 9% of the GDP in 2002. At the same time, with the high-speed economic development, a lot of improvement on environmental protection and ecological system has been achieved, and preliminary effect of the integrated rectification for Pearl River has been observed. Water quality of the river sections that flow through the cities has been improved. However, the whole environmental situation is still severe. The Outline of Environmental Protection Planning of Pearl River Delta [416] (Outline for short) indicates that water quality of the mainstreams in Pearl River Delta maintains good level of Category II or Category III, but domestic wastewater discharge is large, industrial wastewater discharge is mainly from some key industries, the pollution from livestock and poultry is severe. As a result, the length of polluted river still has tendency of increase, water pollution of most river sections that flow through cities is severe, water quality in part of the river sections is worse than Category IU and normal living and production of inhabitants along rivers are affected. Water supply and drinking water sources of some cities are affected, and transboundary water pollution is becoming serious problem. Advantage of abundant water resources in some areas is now transiting to the disadvantage of water shortage caused by poor water quality. Planning goals of the Outline are: to by 2010 environmental pollution and ecological destruction will be controlled effectively, discharge of main pollutants will be decreased significantly, water quality of mainstreams and tributaries in Pearl River Delta Basin will maintain a good condition, frequency of acid rainfall will decrease obviously, Integrated indicators of environmental protection of each city will exceed score of 90, all of the cities will reach the requirements of national environmental protection model city, and a national environmental protection model city group will be set up... Water pollution control should be strengthened in severely polluted areas. Strict engineering measures must be adopted to decrease pollution load effectively, even measures such as water transfer will be taken to meet the requirement of ecological flow, and riverway dredging could be adopted when necessary, especially for the Pearl River month, Shiqiao Watercourse in Guangzhou, Shenzhen River, Qianshan River in Zhuhai City, Jiangmen River and Lile River in Jiangmen City, Foshan Watercourse, Qijiang Watercourse in Zhongshan City and Dongyin Canal and Shima River in Dongguan City, and so on. The wastewater treatment projects in the region have been planned in the Outline. 74.5 billion yuan (investment before 2002 is not included) will be invested in Pearl River Delta to 15 construct wastewater treatment plants and relevant pipe networks. The wastewater treatment capability will reach 16.56 million m3/d, wastewater collection rate will reach 70% and treatment rate of urban and town domestic wastewater will reach 70%. Detailed planning is presented in Table 2.2-1. At present, there are three wastewater treatment plants in Jiangmen City (including Xinhui District). The treatment capability is 130 thousand m3/d, far from the requirement in the Outline of 1.48 million m3/d in 2010. The implementation of this project will increase the treatment capacity and improve the water quality of rivers flowing across Jiangmen City. Both Hangmen and Foshan components belong to Pearl River Delta Urban Environment Improvement Project .Phase II, The project is an environment-improving project with the purpose of improving the water environment of Pearl River basin, and follows the Outline. Table 2.2-1 Construction plan of urban wastewater treatment projects 2010 2020 City Scale of trelment Investment ( of trea )e(tbInvestment ncaleiof tramend estimation Scalleiof tramendestimation ( ) ~~~~~billion yuan) (ilomI) (billion yuan) Guangzhou 3.84 17.3 5.17 24.8 Shenzhen 2.68 12.1 3.62 17.4 Zhuhai 0.55 2.5 0.79 3.8 Foshan 2.01 9.1 2.72 13.1 Dongguan 2.36 10.6 2.92 14.1 Huizhou 1.28 5.8 1.80 8.6 Zhongshan 0.93 4.2 1.19 5.7 Jiangmen 1.48 6.6 2.01 9.6 Zhaoqing 1.45 6.5 2.07 9.9 Total 16.56 74.5 22.26 106.8 2.2.2 Analysis of Coordination with Planning of Wastewater Treatment for Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province Continuous economic development in Pearl River Delta has made the area become one of the most economically active areas in China since the reform and opening up policy. However, the water pollution has become the obstacle that restricts the development of the local economy. Therefore, government of Guangdong Province developed the Plan of Wastewater Treatment in Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province [427], The plan considers the overall situation of environment protection of Pearl River Delta and forms the scheme of integrated control of water environment in Pearl River Delta area. The goal of the improvement and control is that in 2005 water environment of some heavily polluted river sections within cities and towns would be improved significantly and the phenomenon of blackness and odor will be eliminated basically; the landscaping on both shores of rivers will be completed, and temporary structures affecting the landscaping will be removed; 85% of industrial wastewater discharge should meet the standards; treatment ratio of urban domestic wastewater should 16 exceed 40%, and this ratio should exceed 60% for big cities and 50% for cities in Pearl River Delta. In 2010: Water quality of mainstreams and tributaries of Xijiang River, Beijiang River, Dongjiang River and Pearl River would maintain a good level; Organic pollution of the river sections within cities would be improved significantly, landscaping on both shores of rivers would become the sightseeing spots for citizen and tourists; 90% of industrial wastewater discharge should meet the standards; treatment ratio of urban domestic sewage should exceed 60%, and this ratio should exceed 70% for cities in Pearl River Delta and special economic zones. The plan requires 163 wastewater treatment plants, with the total treatment capability of 12.23 million m3/d, for main urban and towns along the Pearl River in the short and long terms. In order to realize the goal, Phase I project of Wenchangsha WWTP and Fengle WWTP were constructed in Jiangmen City. And the water environment quality of Jiangmen City has been improved to a certain degree. In order to meet the treatment goal confirmed by Plan of Wastewater Treatment for Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province [427], water pollution control of Jiangmen City and Jianghai District of Jiangmen City is further planned by both Master Plan of Jiangmen City[3013 and Comprehensive Control Planning of Water Environment for Jiangmen City[306]. Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP planned is one of the projects in Comprehensive Control Planning of Water Environment for Jiangmen City. So this project follows the goal of Planning of Wastewater Treatment for Pearl River Delta of Guangdong Province. 2.2.3 Analysis of Coordination with Wastewater Master Plan for Jiangmen City (2005-2020) According to the Wastewater Master Plan in Jiangmen City, the general goals are: Short term (in 2010): Water quality of main drinking water resources will meet the requirement of the their functions; phenomenon of blackness and odors of river sections within cities will be eliminated basically and the water quality of these rivers will meet the requirements for general industrial use and for use of recreation that contact human body indirectly; 90% of industrial wastewater discharged should meet the standards and treatment ratio of urban domestic sewage should exceed 60%. Long term (in 2020): 100% industrial wastewater discharged should meet the standards, treatment ratio of urban domestic sewage should exceed 95%, water quality of the rivers in the area should meet excel Category IV or III of the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water. Advanced treatment should be implemented in WWTP. 17 At present, there are only three WWTPs in Jiangmen City. And the treatment capability is only 130,000m3/d, far from the goal planned. The construction and operation of this project will improve the situation of wastewater treatment of Jiangmen City, reduce the pollution load of rivers that flow across cities and improve the water quality of the rivers. So the construction of the project follows the wastewater master plan of Jiangmen City [1O1]. The drainage system is also planned in the Plan, in which it is pointed out that sewage collecting system in the constructed city should be use one of following three systems: (1) intercepting combined system; (2) separate system; (3) combined system. The intercepting combined system is usually used in old city. Pipeline networks of Wenchangsha WWTP Phase II will be mostly laid in the main city of Jiangmen City and separating stormwater and wastewater is rather difficult. The project service area includes old city, Baisha industrial estate, Lile industrial estate, Beijie section and Henan section where is still mainly combined system, so the intercepting combined system will be used according to the requirement of the wastewater master plan in Jiangmen City. 2.3 Brief Summary The following sections are included in Chapter 2: (1) Relationship with domestic systems and policies: This chapter descries how the feasibility study report of the project and the current report follow the laws, codes and standards enacted by Chinese govemment, analyzes management framework and policies affected in project area, relating to environmental protection, strategy of sustainable development, drainage basin, land, planning and management, and illustrates the constraints and benefits for implementation of the project. (2) Relationship with relevant planning: relationship between the project and relevant plans on environmental protection, sewage treatment and sewage planning of Pearl River Delta and Jiangmen City. 18 3 GENERAL SITUATION OF THE PROJECT Name of the project: Wenchangsha WWTP Phase II Scale of the project: 150,000 m3/d Location of the projection: Lile Wenchangsha of urban area of Jiangmen City Components of the project: Construction of the trunk interceptors on both near shores of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River, expansion of Wenchangsha WWTP. Geographical location of the project is presented in Figure 2. 3.1 General Situation of Wenchangsha WWTP Phase I 3.1.1 General Situation of Project Phase I Wenchangsha WWTP Phase I receives wastewater from the east area of Pengjiang Island (an area enclosed by Tiansha River and Jiangmen River) of Jiangmen City, with the area of 4.6 km2. The drainage system is combined system with interception. Sewage of the old city flows by gravity from north to south and enters the main intercepting pipe on the northwest shore of Jiangmen River. Then sewage flows southwestward to Jiangzui, where is the boundary of Jiangmen City and Xinhui City and a lifting pumping station is set up there. Designed capability of Phase I project is 50,000m3/d and the treatment process adopted is A 2/0. The effluent discharges into Jiangmen River and the interception ratio is 1. Designed qualities of inflow and effluent of Phase I project are presented in Table 3.1 - 1. Table3.1-1 Designed qualities of inflow and effluent of Phase I Unit: mg/L Items CODcr BOD5 SS TP TN Inflow 250 150 200 4 305 I Effluent 60 20 20 1.5 15 Phase I mainly includes three sections. The first section is the plant itself including structures of oxidation ditch, secondary sedimentation tank, air blower room, flow collection manhole, sludge pumping station, confluence chamber, thickening tank, aerated grit removal tank, disinfectant contact tank, dewatering tank, substation, sludge tank, maintenance workshop, administration building, gate, boundary wall, roads and landscaping; the second is the structure of lift pumping station at Jiangzui and cross-river pipes; the third is the structure of sewage collection pipe networks. The total length is about 5km and the diameters of the pipes are DN1400, DN1600 and DN1800. Pipes are laid along the dyke and collect sewage from old city that used to be discharged into Jiangmen River. Then the sewage is sent to Jiangzui 19 pumping station. The structures such as administration building, air blower room, sludge pumping room, thickening tank, dewatering workshop and maintenance workshop have been constructed according to the scale of 200,000 m3/d, and most of the equipment has been installed according to the scale of 100, 000m3/d. 3.1.2 Introduction of the Operation of Phase I Wenchangsha WWTP Project Phase I was prepared to construct from April 1995, and was approved by Provincial Planning Committee in 1997. The project started construction in March 1999, the installation and commissioning of equipment were completed in the mid October 2001. Trial operation with raw sewage started on 25th October, and the operation has been all right so far. (1) Actual wastewater quantity treated According to monthly operation reports of Wenchangsha WWTP in past two years, the plant treated 46,700 m3/d of sewage averagely, with the maximum of 86.300m3/d in 2004. The actual sewage quantity the plant treated is presented in Table 3.1-2. Table 3.1-2 Statistics of Actual Wastewater Treated Unit: 104 m3/d Month 2003 2004 1 4.03 4.08 2 3.92 3.90 3 3.32 3.54 4 3.45 5.14 5 5.41 5.73 6 5.57 5.27 7 5.67 6.13 8 6.20 5.42 9 6.01 5.06 10 4.62 4.49 11 3.67 3.70 12 4.90 3.58 Average 4.73 4.67 MaxuIal day 7.86 8.63 (2) Actual qualities of inflow and effluent According to daily operation reports of Wenchangsha WWTP from 2002 to 2004, monitoring data of inflow and effluent quality are presented in Table 3.1-3 to Table 3.1-5. 20 Table 3.1-3 Statistics of Inflow and Effluent Quality in 2002 Unit: mg/L Item CODcr BOD5 Ss TP NH3-N TN Month Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Inht Effluent 2 169 67.0 83 19.1 91 39.9 2.6 1.8 18.3 14.0 3 213 45.3 94 11.3 106 32.8 3.8 1.4 28.6 24.0 27.0 19.7 4 213 28.3 96 8.5 186 22.0 4.2 0.8 29.2 9.1 29.4 13.9 5 195 21.9 72 11.7 155 25.2 4.1 0.5 19.5 3.4 24.1 9.1 6 272 20.8 111 8.5 246 6.1 6.9 1.1 15.3 1.5 25.7 8.6 7 190 17.7 90 6.3 174 15.0 4.4 0.7 13.1 0.7 19.8 7.0 8 77 12.9 37 4.2 59 12.0 1.6 0.6 10.5 0.3 12.7 6.4 9 118 13.6 53 2.1 75 7.6 2.3 0.5 14.4 0.5 17.8 7.3 10 163 16.8 72 2.8 77 9.3 2.8 1.1 18.2 0.3 22.1 8.4 11 224 44.9 102 11.7 120 19.7 4.3 1.9 20.3 11.9 27.0 17.2 12 177 35.0 90 15.9 80 18.0 4.3 1.1 18.9 1.6 24.7 11.2 Average 178 36.4 79 12.3 129 30.1 3.8 1.0 18.8 6.1 23.0 10.9 MMXiflfl1 1006 179 333 66 1394 726 12.3 3.5 46.8 32 60 27.8 day Table 3.1-4 Statistics of Inflow and Effluent Quality in 2003 Unit: mg/L Item CODcr BOD5 SS TP NH3-N TN Month Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influen Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent 1 272 40.7 143 29.8 116 21.4 5.1 1.2 22.1 6.0 29.4 12.7 2 450 34.6 279 13.7 296 14.7 10.6 1.7 25.7 7.8 37.7 12.7 3 234 33.2 108 12.7 100 14.4 4.8 1.7 26.1 2.0 29.3 11.9 4 243 24.9 110 8.6 121 8.3 4.3 1.7 23.9 2.1 26.2 8.7 5 150 22.2 52 5.4 83 9.5 3.1 1.5 18.4 2.5 20.8 9.8 6 130 18.4 53 3.5 80 9.5 2.5 0.9 15.0 2.7 17.6 8.2 7 139 23.7 63 3.4 73 13.4 3.0 0.8 17.6 2.2 21.9 9.9 8 142 22.3 66 5.4 68 9.4 3.1 1.3 18.0 2.0 23.8 9.6 9 143 23.0 60 5.9 59 7.3 3.0 0.8 17.6 2.2 23.0 9.6 10 191 21.0 91 5.7 72 9.2 3.7 1.1 23.4 0.8 30.3 13.7 11 236 31.7 109 16.3 126 20.2 5.0 1.2 20.5 8.5 31.6 17.3 12 194 38.6 97 23.7 84 19.9 3.9 1.2 20.7 12.9 29.5 19.6 Average 210 27.9 103 11.2 107 13.1 4.3 1.3 20.8 4.3 26.8 12.0 Maximail 194 97 84 3.9 20.7 29.5 38.6 23.7 19.9 1.2 12.9 19.6 L_day 11 1 Table 3.1-5 Statistics of Inflow and Effluent Quality in 2004 21 Unit: mg/L Item COD,, BODs SS TP NH3-N TN Month Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluen Influent Effluent Influent Effluent Influent Effluent 1 246 26.8 126 11.4 132 9.5 4.5 0.3 22.3 0.6 33.2 12.7 2 320 26.1 178 11.2 188 9.6 6.6 0.6 23.3 0.8 37.2 13.8 3 294 26.1 169 9.8 160 9.3 5.6 0.6 25.2 0.3 37.7 14.1 4 194 20.8 86 7.5 107 8.1 3.3 0.7 16.6 0.6 25.2 11.3 5 159 17.2 74 8.4 70 6.7 3.1 0.9 15.1 1.0 23.1 9.9 6 159 18.6 82 5.6 86 6.1 3.4 1.2 17.8 0.5 26.2 11.5 7 152 17.0 78 6.0 146 8.6 3.8 0.7 15.1 0.4 22.1 9.6 8 171 17.9 73 5.2 114 6.8 3.0 1.0 18.2 0.4 24.4 11.1 9 150 13.7 75 3.5 84 5.0 2.9 1.2 18.0 0.3 24.1 11.4 10 163 18.4 68 4.0 93 5.2 3.3 1.7 24.8 0.5 26.4 13.5 11 190 18.1 85 3.0 77 4.1 3.9 2.1 27.2 0.3 31.4 15.1 12 225 19.8 100 4.5 93 5.2 4.1 2.1 27.3 0.4 34.6 16.1 Average 202 20 100 6.7 113 7.0 4.0 1.1 21.0 0.5 28.8 12.5 Maximal 545 48.7 439 19.0 402 21.0 15.6 3.0 31.0 4.9 53.2 19.1 Minimal 54.5 4.9 36.9 1.9 46 1.2 1.7 0.05 8.4 0.02 13.6 7.4 DayIII Monitoring data of recent 3 years of Phase I project indicates that the effluent quality has been improving year by year, according to Class 1 B of the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, the compliance rate for effluent quality for parameters such as BOD5, CODCr, SS, NH3-N and TN was from 99.3%-100%, but the rate for TP was less than 50%. Table 3.1-6 shows the details. Table3.1-6 Compliance Rates of Effluent Quality (%) Water quality COD,, BOD5 SS TP NH3-N TN parameter ______ 2002 86.2 91.7 67.9 63.6 81.5 93.9 2003 97.6 84.7 82.8 44.4 94.9 94.5 2004 100 99.7 99.3 46.0 100 100 Average 94.6 92.0 83.3 51.3 92.1 96.1 3.1.3 Existing problems The operation of the Phase I project indicates that Wenchangsha WWTP has not imposed serious impact on environment. Since the plant started operation 2 years ago, no complaint about environmental impact caused by odor, effluent, noise or sludge has been received by relevant branches. Operation of the plant has been all right, no accidental discharge of sewage happened, and the management measures and organization meet the expected results. 22 The main existing problems include: (1) TP content in effluent cannot meet the standard; (2) There is no sludge digestion facility, and no sludge treatment in the plant. 23 2 photos 24 3.2 Service Area of Phase II Project According to the wastewater master plan of the main city of Jiangmen City, the main city could be divided into 9 catchments. One sewage treatment plant is planned for each catchments. The service area of Wenchangsha WWTP covers Pengjiang Island, Baisha industrial estate to the east of Tiansha River, Jiaotou and Jiaobei areas of Jianghai District. The Phase I project receives sewage from the area enclosed by Donghuayi road, Gangyi road, Zhongqu Road, Xiqu Road, Huanshisan Road and Jiangmen River. The Phase II project will receive sewage from the area of 19.5km2 including following five 5 sections: (1) Section to the east of Tiansha River: the area enclosed by Tiansha River, Gangyi Road and Xiqu Road; (2) Section to the west of Tiansha River (Baisha industrial estate): the area enclosed by Xihuan Road, Jianghe freeway and Tiansha River; (3) Lile Wenchangsha section: the area enclosed by Wuyi Road, Jiangmen River and Lile River; (4) Section to the north of Jiangmen River: the area enclosed by Fengle Road, Tiansha River, Jiangmen River and Xijiang River, that is the service areas of the existing Lianghua pumping station and Sheshan pumping station. (5) Section to the south of Jiangmen River: the area enclosed by Jiangmen River, Lile River, Wuyi Road and Jinxing Road. 3.3 Task and Scale of the Project 3.3.1 Task of the Project According to the plan, the Wenchangsha WWTP will receive sewage from the areas including Pengjiang Island that is enclosed by Jiangmen River and Tiansha River, Jiaobei to the east of Jiangmen River, Jiaotou Road and Lile Wenchangsha. The present quantity of sewage is about 170,000m 3/d. At present, however only less than 25% of sewage is collected and treated, which mainly comes from part of the old city enclosed by Jiangmen River, Tiansha River, Gangkouyi Road and Xiqu Road. Most of sewage is discharged into Jiangmen River and Tiansha River directly without any treatment. Yearly average water quality at Jiangmen River is Category IV. In dry flow seasons, the water quality there is worse than Category IV or even Category V. There are many sewage outfalls distributed along both the shores of Tiansha River. All of the sewage discharged into Tiansha River directly without any treatment, which cause middle level pollution in Tiansha River. Yearly average water quality at Tiansha 25 River is Category V, and in dry flow seasons is worse than Category V with odor and blackness. The riverway is blocked with growing weeds and grasses. In Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP, main sewage intercepting pipes of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River will be constructed to collect sewage into the sewage treatment plant. Thus, the pollution loads into the rivers will decrease, the water pollution will be effectively controlled, and the water environmental quality of the central city will be improved, which will ensure the health of residents and improve the general water environment of Jiangmen City. 3.3.2 Scale of the Project According to the sewage quantity analysis of the service area of Wenchangsha WWTP, the sewage entering the plant will bel8l,200m3/d and 195,900m3/d in 2010 and 2020, respectively. The designed treatment capability of Phase I project is 50,000m3/d, so scale of 131,200m3/d to 145,900m3/d is required to be expanded. The expansion scale of Phase II project is determined to be 150,000m3/d, which are almost the predicted quantity in 2020 in flood reasons. The reason for that is that firstly the sewage entering the plant in 2010 and 2020 will be similar, secondly, the designed treatment capability of the plant could be a little higher than the value predicted, thirdly, the land left within existing plant is limited. According to the scale of the sewage treatment plant, 3 treatment trains will be built with the capability of 50,000m3/d each. In this manner, the treatment structures could not only meet the demand of increasing sewage quantity, but also ensure the continuous operation of sewage treatment when one of the trains stops treatment for maintenance. 3.4 Analyses for Water Consumption and Sewage Quantity 3.4.1 Analyses for Water Consumption Total water consumptions in 2010 and 2020 in the service area of Wenchangsha WWTP are forecasted by per capita integrated water consumption parameter method and water consumption rations classification method respectively. In order to reduce the error, mean of the above two results is adopted as the result of the final water consumption prediction. Table 3.4-1 is referred for details. Table 3.4-1 Water Consumption Prediction Unit: 104 m3/d _ 1~~~~~~~Ya 2010 2020 Per capita integrated water 22.72 23.40 consumption parameter method . Water consumption ration 23.04 23.46 26 classification method l l Mean 22.88 23.43 3.4.2 Analysis for Current Sewage Quantity According to relevant codes and the construction experiences of other cities, urban sewage quantity should be confirmed by the water consumption, discharge coefficient of urban sewage, collecting rate of sewage and ground water infiltration rate into pipe networks. Based on the similar cities, integrated sewage discharge coefficient is preliminarily selected as 0.80. According to the master plan of Jiangmen City, collecting rate of sewage will be 90% and ground water infiltration rate is selected as 10% of sewage quantity in dry season in 2020. Sewage quantity received to Wenchangsha WWTP is shown in Table 3.4-2. Table 3.4-2 Predicted Inflow Quantity Water Discharge Ground water collecting ratio Sewage Year consumption coefficient of infiltrating ratio of sewage water quantity ( 10'm/d sewage (%) (%) ( 104m3/d) 2010 22.88 0.80 10 90 18.12 2020 23.43 0.80 10 95 19.59 3.4.3 Analysis for sewage quality Wastewater received by Wenchangsha WWTP is mainly municipal sewage, with some industrial wastewater. According to data from relevant departments, factories with severe pollution discharge have been moved out of the city, other factories are equipped with wastewater treatment facilities. Before entering the urban sewage system, wastewater should be treated at site and the quality of effluent should meet the discharge standards of Guangdong Province. So no serious impact on the operation of Wenchangsha WWTP will be caused by industrial wastewater. The service area of Phase II project is similar to that of Phase I project. Designed quality of inflow is presented in section 3.5.4 of this report. 3.5 Overall Scheme of the Project 3.5.1 Sewage System The sewage system of the old city, Baisha industrial estate, Lile industrial estate, Beijie section and Henan section is mainly combined system. And combined interception system will be adopted in the project. Separate system should be adopted as much as possible when new zone is built or old city is reconstructed. 27 3.5.2 Interception Rate The final confirmation of the interception rate will be affected directly by the current condition of the sewage system (include pipe networks, pumping station and sewage treatment plant). Because the interception ratio is selected as 1 for existing sewage pipe networks in the old city of Jiangmen City, including the sewage interceptor of Phase I, Jiangzui pumping station, the structure within the plant and connecting pipes, the interception rate of the project is also selected as n=l. 3.5.3 Receiving Waterbody The effluent from Phase I project is discharged into Jiangmen River. According to the distribution of surrounding water bodies and the general layout of Phase I project, the effluent from Phase II project will also be discharged into Jiangmen River. 3.5.4 Designed Qualities of Inflow and Effluent Based on the actual inflow quality of the existing sewage treatment plant, considering the improvement of sewage pipe networks, the gradual improvement of living standard and the increase of pollutants' concentrations, the inflow quality of the plant is predicted and shown in Table 3.5-1. Table 3.5-1 Designed Inflow Quality of the WWTP Parameters pH BOD5 CODc, SS TN NH3-N TP Values (mg/L) 7.50 150 300 180 40 30 5.0 The effluent from Wenchangsha WWTP will be discharged into Jiangmen River. According to the comprehensive control plan of water environment of Jiangmen City, water quality of Jiangmen River should meet the requirement of Category IV of the Standard in 2010. Therefore Class II of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant[415] (GB18918-2002) seems acceptable. However, since there is the Beijie gate in the upper reaches of Jiangmen River, the exchange ability of the water body becomes poor. Therefore, the effluent quality should be improved and Class 1 of Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant is recommended. By combining Water Pollutant Discharge Standard of Guangdong Province[4261 (DB44126-2001), designed effluent quality of the project is decided and shown in Table 3.5-2. Table 3.5-2 Designed Effluent Quality of the Sewage Treatment Plant Parameters pH BOD5 CODcr SS TN NH3-N TP Fecal coliform group Values (mg/L) 6.5-8.5 20 40 20 20 10 0.5 104 ( cfu/L) 28 3.5.5 Sewage intercepting pipe networks and pumping stations (1) Sewage intercepting pipe networks According to the natural condition of the service area of the sewerage system, the collection area of the sewage treatment plant could be divided into 5 sections, i.e., east section of Tiansha River, west section of Tiansha River, north section of Jiangmen River, south section of Jiangmen River and Lile Wenchangsha section. Five sewage intercepting pipes will be laid, one in each section. Besides, three new sewage lift pumping stations will be constructed and Jiangzui pumping station will be expanded. The schedule of sewage intercepting pipe is presented in Table 3.5-3, and the layout is shown in Figure 5. (2) Pumping station When the pipes are buried 7 to 8m deep, the lift pumping station should be considered. According to the plan and corresponding altitudes, three new lift pumping stations should be built, and the existing Jiangzui pumping station should be expanded at the same time. 29 Table 3.5-3 List of Pipelines of Wenchangsha WWTP Project Phase II Number Name Specification Material Unit Amount Remarks 1 Drain DN300 HDPE m 542 2 Drain DN400 HDPE m 1693 3 Drain DN500 HDPE m 454 4 Drain d600 HDPE m 2312 5 Drain D700 HDPE m 1569 6 Drain d800 Reinforced concrete m 2124 7 Drain D920x10 Steel tube m 146 river crossing 8 Drain d900 Reinforced concrete m 709 9 Drain dlOO Reinforced concrete m 3652 10 Drain dl200 Reinforced concrete m 3175 11 Drain D1220x10 Steel tube m 272 river crossing 12 Drain d1350 Reinforced concrete m 3978 13 Drain dl 500 Reinforced concrete m 1789 14 Drain d1600 Reinforced concrete m 76 Total m 22491 O pumping station 1# Pumping station 1 will be located in the west bank of Tiansha River and greening belt between Tiansha Road and Tiansha River. This pumping station will consist of bar screen room, pumping room, substation and on-duty room. Average flow in dry season will be 567 L/s and the maximum flow is 1134 L/s, with the lift for 8-10m. Four vertical submersible pumps will be chosen. Capacity of each pump is 986 m3/h with the power of 34kW. Two pumps will be in operation in dry seasons and all four of the pumps wlli be in operations in raining season. An electric crane with the hoisting capacity of 2t, will be set up in the pumping room for installation and maintenance of the pumps. Dpumping station 2# Pumping station 2# will be located in Huaqingli east to Huoli Road and south to Fushan Park. This pumping station will consist of bar screen room, pump room, substation and on-duty room. Average flow in dry season will be134 L/s and the maximum flow is 268 L/s, with the lift for 8m. Three vertical submersible pumps will be chosen. Capacity of the each pump is 320 m3/h with power of 11 kW. Two pumps will be in operation in dry seasons and all three pumps will be in operations in raining season. An electric crane will be set up in the pumping room for installation and maintenance of the pumps. 30 lpumping station 3# Pumping station 3" will be located at the riverside of Jiangmen River near the crossing of Jiangbei Road and Paotai Road and to the southeast of the existing Lianghua drainage pumping station. This pumping station will consist of coarse bar screen room, sewage pumping room, substation and on- duty room. Average flow in dry season will be 382 L/s and the maximum flow is 764 L/s, with the lift for 8m. Four vertical submersible pumps, including two high-power pumps and two low-power pump, are chosen Capacity of each the high-power pump is 850-1050 m3/h with the power of 30 kW, and capacity of the low-power pump is 280-360 m3/h with the power of 11 kW. Two high-power pumps will be in operation in dry seasons and all four of the pumps will be in operations in raining season. E Expansion of Jiangzui pumping station Jiangzui pumping station is the part of Phase I of Wenchangsha WWTP. The station is located at Jiangzui coal yard in Jiangzui Road, opposite to the WWTP across the river, with the distance of 130m. Coarse bar screen room, sewage inflow pumping room and substation are set up in the pumping station. Original design scale of Jiangzui pumping station: scale of the first stage is 50,000m3/d and long term scale is 120,000m3/d. The design scale of the project is required to expand it o 140,000m3/d. Average flow in dry season will be 1620 L/s and the maximum design flow of 3240 L/s, with the lift for 14m. The space for three high-power pumps has been reserved in the pumping room. Three other high-power pumps are considered to be installed in this project. In raining season, the pumping capability could reach 11 700m3/h, which can meet the requirement. The list of pumping stations of Phase II project is presented in Table 3.5-4. Table 3.5-4 List of Pumping Station of Wenchangsha WWTP Phase II No. Name Specification Material Amount 1 Sewage pumping stationl Designed maxium Reinforced concrete 11 34L/sRenocdcnrt 1 2 Sewage pumping station2 # Designed maximum flow: 268L/s Reinforced 1 concrete 3 Sewage pumping station3 # Designed maximum flow: 764L/s Reinforced concrete 1 Expansion of Jiangzui Designed maximum flow: 4 . Reinforced concrete 1 pumping station 324OL/s 3.5.6 Sewage Treatment Technology According to the prediction of sewage quantity and the analysis of project scale, the 31 designing scale of this project is 150,000m3/d and the total designing scale of the plant is 200,000m3/d. The treatment scale is correspondingly large and the land left is limited, so improved A2/0 technology will be adopted. The improved A 2/0 technology has disadvantages of complicated technological flow, more structures and high cost; but it also has advantages of good treatment effect, high ability of tolerating the fluctuating loads and stable effluent quality. The operation mode could be adjusted to enhance the removal of N or P according to the inflow quality and requirement of effluent quality. The biologic-chemical system has a great ability of treating mixed wastewater and could decrease the overflow of mixed wastewater greatly in raining season and thus decrease the pollution load into Jiangmen River effectively. The requirement for automation in this system is not high, with high reliability and little maintenance needed. The system is also easy to fit with Phase I . ' I~~~~~~~~u Air blowerroom ol~ ~~~~~~~hnia doin roo 0 Raw sewage Aerated grit A /0 Secondary Disinfectant jian gen River removal biochemical tank sedimentation tank contact tank I Sludge returned t t Transportation of cake |FSudge pumping room -- | -3- Figure 3.5-1 Process flow of sewage and sludge treatment 3.5.7 Technology of sludge treatment After the completion and operation with full load, the treatment capability of the sewage treatment plant would reach 200,000m3/d and the sludge produced would reach 100-120t (containing 80% of water). The sludge treatment technology of Phase II project will be the same as that of Phase I project. Technology of gravity thickening and mechanical dewatering is adopted. In order to solve the problem of the release of P from thickened sludge, chemical dosing pump will be considered to set up in the sludge dewatering workshop and PAC will be added to the supernatant. After sedimentation, the supernatant will be discharged into the sewage pumping room in the plant area. 32 Most sludge produced by Phase I project is sent to Datuishan Sanitary Landfill of Jiangmen City for disposal and a small part of the sludge is used for landscaping. Sludge of the current project would be sent to the landfill and then disposal with scientific and rational mode after mixing with municipal refuse in proper proportion (5%). To ensure the basic configuration of sludge cake and working requirement, and enhance the mechanical property of sludge, aggregate (such as coal powder and calces) of certain proportion could be added into sludge, when necessary. According to relevant data of Municipal Public Utility Management Bureau of Jiangmen City, the proposed Qiganshi Sanitary Landfill of Jiangmen City will be completed and put into use in 2007. The current project will be put into operation in July 2008, so the sludge produced by the project could be sent there for disposal. Treatment process diagram of sludge and sewage is shown in Figure 7. 3.5.8 Accessory Structures Existing accessory structures of Wenchangsha WWTP include guard room, administration building, substation, maintenance workshop, ware house, canteen, bathroom and so on. All above structures have been constructed according to the scale of 200, 000m3/d to meet the requirement. Because the power load and sludge quantity will exceed the previous design values and the workload of chemical transportation will be increased at the same time, one substation for sewage lift pumping station and one garage will be built. The construction areas are: Substation of sewage lift pumping station: 200.Om2 Garage: 100.0 m2 3.5.9 WWTP layout Wenchangsha WWTP is located to the southwest of Xinhua Paper Mill of Jiangmen City, the east bank of Jiangmen River and the north of Guangzhu freeway. The area occupied is about 8.34 ha. There are lands reserved for expansion in the north side of the existing treatment system and the south side of accessory structures. No land requisition is involved in the project. Structures will be distributed from west to east in sequence according to the process flow, which is referred to Figure 6 for details. Total loss of water head through the process flow will reach 2.90m. Water supply for the plant will be provided by municipal waterworks, and the separate system will be used within the plant. Sewage produced in the plant will be collected and transferred to the pumping room, and then lifted to the headwork for treatment. Stormwater will enter the municipal sewer towards southeast. 33 A outfall D1420x12 crossing dyke has been laid in Phase I project, the effluent is discharged into Jiangmen River directly and the designed scale is 100,000m3/d. Another steel pipe of D1420x12 for discharging effluent is considered to be laid in the project, designed scale is 100,000m3/d. This discharging pipe will be laid near the disinfections tank. The elevation of the pipe at the dyke will be 1.55m. A flow meter and on-line CODCr monitoring meter will be installed on the outfall, and the locations for sampling and monitoring will be reserved and a sign of environment protection will be set up. 3.6 Land occupation and affected population 3.6.1 Permanent Land Occupation Wenchangsha WWTP will be located to the southwest of Xinhua Paper Mill of Jiangmen City, the east of Jiangmen River and the north of Guangzhou Motorway and the area of the plant is about 8.34 ha. There are lands reserved for expansion of Phase II project in the northeast and southwest of the existing structures. Construction of Phase II project will use lands reserved in Phase I project and no land requisition will be involved. 2.1 mu lands will be required for the construction of three new pumping stations, which are state land. Details about permanent land occupation are presented in Table 3.6-1. Table 3.6-1 Permanent land acquisition of Phase II Project of Wenchangsha WWTP Survey of Location Area Owner Remark project ________________________ _____ _____ Southwest of Xinhua Paper Mill of Jiangmen City, 125 use land Plant area east of Jiangmen River, north of Guangzhou mu reserved Motorway # west bank of Tiansha River, in greening zone 0.54 State owned It Ibetween Tiansha Road and Tiansha River mu ; 1 2# Huaqingli, east to Huoli Road, 07 State owned # Riverside of Jiangmen River in south of Jiangbei 0.83m 3 Road, west of Lianghua drainage pumping room u State owned To tal 127.1 mu 3.6.2 Temporary Land Acquisition Construction of Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP will use the land reserved in Phase I project and no temporary land requisition will be involved. The pipeline network will consist of five main sewage intercepting systems located in east Tiansha River, west Tiansha River, north Jiangmen River, south Jiangmen River and Lile Wenchangsha. Total length of the pipeline will be about 20.38km and the diameters of the pipes will be DN300 - DNl 500. Because pipes of the project will be laid along the river dykes, there will be a few existing roads along the river and relatively far away from existing structures, open excavation will be adopted to lay the pipe with diameter less than 700mm for 34 depth of less than Sm, and pipe jacking will be adopted to lay the pipe with diameter more than 800mm for the depth of more than 5m. Construction of the pipe network will temporarily require 96.53 mu of state owned land. 3.6.3 Affected people No land requisition and directly affected people will be involved in Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP. And no resettlement will be involved. 3.7 Construction Schedule and Project Investment The project will star construction in July 2006 and will be put into operation in July 2008. Total construction investment of the project is 315.52 million yuan. 3.8 Economic analysis of the project According to relevant terms of the Temporary Regulation on Usage Fee for Using Drainage Facilities issued by Ministry of Construction, the fee levied from the wastewater tariff will generate certain economic benefit for the Project. Though no obvious direct economic benefit is involved in the project, indirect economic benefit of the investment is comparatively important. It is represented by reducing economic losses of society caused by wastewater pollution. r For industrial enterprises, associated investment, operation and management costs for separate on site treatment facilities will be reduced. r For urban water supply, the water treatment cost would increase (increase in chlorine dosing) if urban drinking water source of lower reaches of Jiangmen River is polluted. After the implementation of the project, this risk will decrease significantly. ri For agriculture, livestock and fishery, water pollution may cause reduction in output of crops, livestock and aquatic products and then cause economic losses. After the implementation of this project, the water quality of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River will be improved and the above economic losses will be decreased. With the operation of the project, output of crops, livestock and aquatic products will increase step by step and bring indirect economic benefit. r] For human health, water pollution will cause the increase in waterbome diseases, and 35 medical care cost, and decrease productivity. After the implementation of the project, living environment of local residents will be improved, incidence of diseases will be decreased. These are beneficial to public health. 3.9 Analysis of the project 3.9.1 Analysis for environmental impact Wenchangsha WWTP is an environment-improving project and an infrastructure to improve the serious water pollution of Jiangmen City. Operation of the project will increase the collection and treatment rates of wastewater in Jiangmen City, control the pollution discharged into Tiansha River and Jiangmen River, improve the water quality of the Rivers, and then control the pollution of Pearl River basin caused by domestic wastewater from Jiangmen City. These will enhance the integrated environment quality and improve the investment environment of Jiangmen City, follow actively the environmental protection plan outline of Pearl River Delta and the basic state policy on environmental protection. Main contents of the project include laying sewage intercepting network, constructing three new sewage lift pumping stations, expanding Jiangzui pumping station and WWTP. The impact on environment is mainly during operation period. Operation of the project will decrease the quantity of pollutants discharged into Tiansha River and Jiangmen River, and thus improve water quality of the two rivers. However, pollution such as odors and sludge will be produced during its operation. So this chapter will analyze systematically the impacts on environment caused by construction activity, and both advantageous and disadvantageous environmental impacts caused by operation of the project, then predict the degree and characteristics of the impacts at different stages of the project, and finally identify major Environmental Impact Factors. 3.9.2 Factors analysis of the project Main structures of the project include fine bar screen room, aerated grit removal tank, A - A2/O oxidation ditch, secondary sedimentation tank, flow manhole, disinfectant contact tank, sewage intercepting pipe, pumping station and so on. The impacts on environment are in both construction and operation phases. (1) Construction of the project In construction period, the impacts on water, air quality, acoustic environment and soil erosion would be caused by construction activities. Environmental impacts in the period have the characteristics of comparatively short period, in limited area and reversibility. These impacts will disappear when the construction activities end. The degree and extent of the 36 impacts in the period are closely related to environmental protective measures taken by construction contractor (CC). The main construction activities are construction of sewage intercepting pipe, pumping station and structures in WWTP. Major impact includes: 1) Construction wastewater Construction wastewater is mainly produced by pipe jacking, maintenance and wash of construction machines, concrete mixing and domestic sewage discharged by workers on site. 2) Construction waste gas and dust Main sources of construction waste gas are oil-burning machines and transport trucks. Construction dust mainly includes dust from excavation for laying pipe, backfilling of earthwork and transportation of trucks. Emission of waste gas and dust will decrease the environmental air quality and cause impact on environmental sanitation and public health. 3) Construction noises Noises caused by construction activities include the followings: fixed and continuous noises caused by machines used for pipe jacking and excavation for laying pipe, potable noises caused by transporting waste, soil and other construction materials. Noises mainly cause impact on workers on site and a small numbers of residents living near the construction site. 4) Solid wastes Some solid waste will be produced in the sewer construction, excavation in the plant and domestic garbage from workers. Improper disposal of waste and domestic garbage will destroy vegetation, affect landscaping, cause soil erosion and destroy city appearance. (2) Operation of the project Impacts on environment in operation period are mainly in three aspects. 1) Improving water quality of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River After the operation of Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP, urban domestic sewage used to be discharged into water body without any treatment will be intercepted and transferred to WWTP and then discharged after treatment. Then total quantity of pollutants discharged into the rivers would be decreased, which would be helpful to the water quality improvement of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River. 2) Impacts on environment from operation of WWTP 37 In operation stage, the effluent will affect the quality of receiving water body and increase the loads of BOD5, COD and ammonia nitrogen. And the odors from treatment facilities will affect ambient air, staff of the plant and local residents. Sludge from treatment plant will impose impacts on environment. Noises from pumping stations and air blower will also cause impacts on environment, and staff of the plant and residents nearby. 3) Impact on environment of accidental effluent Accident is another impact source in operation period. According to the experiences from construction and operation of urban sewerage and sewage treatment projects, accident risks in operation period have unexpected characteristics, the main reasons and harm are as follows: ] Sewage will pollute the receiving water body directly, caused by damage of sewerage system. Various pollutants accumulated in sewerage system, facilities or structures would produce poisonous gas (such as H2S) with the action of microorganism. The concentration of the gas may become high because of poor ventilation, which might poison the maintenance workers. E Abnormal operation of sewage treatment facilities, caused by malfunction of machines or power, would result in effluent quality below the standards or even facility lost treatment ability, which could pollute receiving water body. E Force majeure, such as natural disasters including earthquake or typhoon, might destroy the treatment structures, which may induce water pollution accident. 3.10 Brief summary This chapter introduces the component, scheme, layout, land occupation, schedule and investment of the project, project analysis and economic analysis. Component of the project: Phase II project of Wenchangsha WWTP mainly includes constructing of sewage treatment structures in existing plan, laying 20.38 km pipeline network, building three sewage lift pumping stations and expanding Jiangzui pumping station. Scheme of the project: Interception ratio of the project is 1, the sewerage system is combined system, and the receiving water body of effluent is Jiangmen River. Modified A2/O technology will be adopted for sewage treatment. This technology has advantages of good treatment result, high ability of tolerating fluctuating load and stable effluent quality. Technology of gravity 38 thickening mechanical dewatering is adopted for sludge treatment. Land acquired and affected people Construction of Phase II project will use the land reserved in Phase I project and no land requisition will be involved. 5.12 mu lands will be required for building three new pumping stations, which are stated owned. Construction of sewerage system will temporarily need 96.53 mu of state owned land. No land requisition and directly affected people will be involved in Wenchangsha WWTP Phase II. And no resettlement will be involved in the project, either. Schedule of construction and investment of the project: The project will start construction in July 2006 and will be put into operation in July 2008. Total construction investment of the project would be 287.92 million Yuan. Economic analysis of the project: Indirect economic benefits of the project are comparatively important, and it is represented by reducing economic losses of society caused by wastewater pollution. Li Decrease in associated investment, operation and management costs for on site treatment facilities for industrial enterprises. [] Decrease in water supply risk of cities in lower reaches. ElImproving the water quality of Tiansha River and Jiangmen River, increasing output of crops, livestock and aquatic products step by step. ElImproving living environment of local residents, decreasing the incidences of diseases. These are beneficial to public health. Analysis of the project: The project is an environment-improving project. Analysis for Wenchangsha WWTP indicates that the environmental impacts would mainly occur in operation period. Impacts in construction period is small, mainly on water quality, air quality, acoustic environment, municipal utilities and traffic. This kind of impacts will disappear when the construction activities end. Environmental impacts in operation period mainly come from the effluent discharge, sludge treatment and odors emitted from various facilities, these impacts have long-term characteristics. 39 4 EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION Jiangmen City is located in the central and southern part of Guangdong Province, in the west of the PRD. The city adjoins Shunde City, Zhongshan City and Doumen County on the east, borders on Yangdong County and Yangchun City on the west, neighbors with Xinxing County, Gaoming City and Nanhai City on the north, and overlooks the South China Sea on the south, is adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao. The city is in 21
Группа Всемирного банка · Environmental Assessment
China - Second Guangdong Pearl River Delta Urban Environment (Foshan and Jiangmen) Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 5 of 6) : Environmental impact assessment
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