China - Western Provinces Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene Promotion Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 1 of 5) : Executive summary

Page 1 Shaanxi Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Project by Using World Bank Loan and DFID Donation Environmental Impact Assessment Report Part A Executive Summary Shaanxi Institute for Environmental Sciences Research and Design Dec. 2006 E1491 v.1 Page 2 Environmental Impact Assessment Report Shaanxi Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Project by Using World Bank Loan and DFID Donation I Table of Contents 1. Introduction...........................................................................................................1 2. Brief Description of the Project..............................................................................2 3. Regional Environmental Conditions.......................................................................6 3.1 Definitions of Environmental Boundary/types...............................................6 3.2 Natural Environment.....................................................................................6 3.3 Ecological Environment................................................................................7 3.4 Socio-economic Conditions...........................................................................8 3.5 Current Status of Drinking Water in Project Area ..........................................8 3.6 Sanitation Status in Project Areas..................................................................9 4. Environmental Assessment and Environmental Protection Measurements..............9 4.1 Identification of Environmental Impacts........................................................9 4.2 Environmental Assessment and Environmental Protection Measurements.....9 4.2.1 environmental sensitivity.....................................................................9 4.2.2 Assurance of water quantity...............................................................10 4.2.3 Assurance of drinking water quality...................................................12 4.2.4 The safety of dams.............................................................................15 4.2.5 Public health and sanitation...............................................................15 4.2.6 Environmental impacts from construction..........................................17 4.2.7 Assurance of sustainability of project.................................................18 4.2.8 Alternatives.......................................................................................20 4.2.9 Environmental impacts from sanitation engineering...........................23 4.2.10 Risk assessment...............................................................................24 5. Public consultation and information disclosure ....................................................25 5.1 Project planning phase ................................................................................25 5.2 Project implementation phase......................................................................27 6 Environmental Management Plan.......................................................................28 6.1 Note for this environmental management plan.............................................28 6.2 Summary of environmental issues and mitigation measurements from environmental assessment process ....................................................................28 6.3 Summary of environmental monitoring.......................................................28 6.4 Environmental management organization....................................................30 6.5 Technical supports and environmental management training .......................31 6.6 Summary of environmental management works..........................................31 6.7 Environmental management reporting.........................................................35 6.8 Environmental management cost and budget assurance...............................35 7. Environmental Policy Framework for Remaining 80% Project.............................35 7.1 Brief introduction to remaining 80% project................................................35 7.2 Environmental baselines and impact prediction in remaining 80% project ..36 7.3 Environmental assessment framework for remaining 80% project...............36 7.4 Reporting to World Bank.............................................................................39 Page 3 Environmental Impact Assessment Report Shaanxi Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Project by Using World Bank Loan and DFID Donation 1 1. Introduction This report is an executive summary report of environmental assessment for Shaanxi rural drinking water supply and sanitation project loaning from World Bank and funding by the donation of DFID. It is one of project documents for an appraisal by World Bank. To improve drinking water supply and sanitation conditions in some remote rural areas in Shaanxi province, Shaanxi provincial government decided to initiate a program on rural drinking water supply and sanitation in 90 project blocks within 15 counties (city) by seeking a loan from World Bank and funding of DFID. It is expected to provide drink water supply and a better sanitation conditions for about 321,000 populations in 335 villages. The investment is estimated as 37.5 million USD, among which 12.5 million USD from loan of World Bank and 12.5 million from the donation of DFID and 12.5 million from domestic sources. This project was classified as category B by World Bank in September 2005. An environmental assessment report and environmental management plan were required. A scope report for this environmental assessment was provided. In November 2005, World Bank required to undertake and complete an environmental assessment for the 1 st group of project areas (20% (4 project counties/districts)) and then develop a policy framework for environmental assessments of the remaining 80% project areas. Shaanxi provincial development and reform commission assigned Shaanxi Institute for Environmental Sciences Research and Design (short for Shaanxi Environmental Institute (SEI)) to undertake an environmental assessment for Shaanxi rural safe drinking water and sanitation project in November 2005. An environmental assessment for the 1 st group of project areas (20%) and a policy framework for environmental assessment of remaining 80% project areas were completed by SEI in September 2006. This executive summary report was prepared based on the full report of environmental assessment of the 1 st group of project areas and the policy framework for environmental assessments of remaining 80% project areas. This report is prepared according to Chinese relevant laws and regulations for environmental assessment, World Bank environmental policies, outline and appraisal remarks of environmental assessment provided by World Bank preparation and pre- appraisal, appraisal missions. The full environmental assessment report includes three parts: 1) executive summary report (part A, this document); 2) main report (part B, includes the policy framework for environmental assessment of remaining 80% project); 3) environmental management plan (part C). This executive summary report provides a summary on the main report and environmental management plan. Page 4 Environmental Impact Assessment Report Shaanxi Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Project by Using World Bank Loan and DFID Donation 2 2. General Description of the Project This project mainly includes three elements i.e. water supply, improvements in toilets, and garbage disposal. Water supply includes utilizing existing water reservoirs, channeling water from nearby rivers, on-site deep wells, and existing tap water plants. According to the project planning, new water supply capacity of 21,879m3 /day will be increased via newly building-up, modification, and expansion of existing capacity, 73,978 toilets will be built or improved, and 796 garbage disposal sites at villages will be constructed. The first 20% project area involves in 11 project blocks within 4 counties. A summary of these engineering works is presented in table 2.2.2-1 2.2.2 -2. It will take 5 years to complete all project activities and planned to start from January 2007 until March 2012. Page 5 E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A s s e s s m e n t R e p o r t S h a a n x i R u r a l D r i n k i n g W a t e r S u p p l y a n d S a n i t a t i o n P r o j e c t b y U s i n g W o r l d B a n k L o a n a n d D F I D D o n a t i o n 3 T a b l e 2 . 2 . 2 - 1 W a t e r s u p p l y p r o g r a m s i n p r o j e c t a r e a ( s u m m a r y ) P r o j e c t c o u n t y P r o j e c t b l o c k s T y p e W a t e r S o u r c e s E n g i n e e r i n g T a p - w a t e r p l a n t / w a t e r t r e a t m e n t s t a t i o n S t o r a g e p o n d s P i p e s R e m a r k Y a o C h i T o u R i v e r 2 O v e r f l o w d a m s 1 2 p o n d s @ 2 0 0 m 3 5 2 . 6 0 k m Y a H e W a n D e e p w e l l 4 d e e p w e l l 1 2 p o n d s @ 1 0 0 m 3 3 1 . 0 0 k m B i n g X i a n M i n g Y u C h i E x i s t i n g w a t e r s u p p l y f a c i l i t y / / / 3 1 k m M a Z h u i R e s e r v o i r 1 n e w w a t e r - t a k i n g p u m p i n g s t a t i o n 1 1 p o n d w i t h 1 0 0 m 3 , 2 p o n d s @ 2 0 0 m 3 , 1 p o n d w i t h 3 0 0 m 3 8 8 . 1 4 k m Y a o Z h o u B a o C u n R e s e r v o i r 1 m o d i f i e d w a t e r - t a k i n g p u m p i n g s t a t i o n 1 1 p o n d w i t h 2 0 0 m 3 , 1 p o n d w i t h 3 0 0 m 3 9 0 . 5 0 k m X i Y u a n R e s e r v o i r 1 c o l l e c t i o n p o n d a n d 1 p u m p i n g s t a t i o n 1 1 p o n d w i t h 2 0 0 m 3 5 1 . 1 5 k m Y i n g T a i C h e n L u E x i s t i n g w a t e r s u p p l y f a c i l i t y 1 p u m p i n g s t a t i o n 1 2 @ 3 0 0 m 3 7 6 . 6 2 k m W a n g Z h u i Z i D e e p w e l l 2 p u m p i n g w e l l s / 2 p o n d s @ 3 0 0 m 3 w i t h h i g h a d j u s t m e n t f u n c t i o n 8 0 k m S u n C h a D e e p w e l l 1 p u m p i n g w e l l / 1 p o n d w i t h 3 0 0 m 3 w i t h h i g h a d j u s t m e n t f u n c t i o n 2 2 . 6 4 k m Z h i D a n N i u G o u D e e p w e l l 2 p u m p i n g w e l l s / 2 p o n d s @ 3 0 0 m 3 w i t h h i g h a d j u s t m e n t f u n c t i o n 3 3 . 2 k m Page 6 E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A s s e s s m e n t R e p o r t S h a a n x i R u r a l D r i n k i n g W a t e r S u p p l y a n d S a n i t a t i o n P r o j e c t b y U s i n g W o r l d B a n k L o a n a n d D F I D D o n a t i o n 4 S h i W a D e e p w e l l 1 p u m p i n g w e l l / 1 p o n d w i t h 3 0 0 m 3 w i t h h i g h a d j u s t m e n t f u n c t i o n 1 7 . 8 k m Page 7 E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t A s s e s s m e n t R e p o r t S h a a n x i R u r a l D r i n k i n g W a t e r S u p p l y a n d S a n i t a t i o n P r o j e c t b y U s i n g W o r l d B a n k L o a n a n d D F I D D o n a t i o n 5 T a b l e 2 . 2 . 2 - 2 T o i l e t m o d i f i c a t i o n a n d g a r b a g e d i s p o s a l e n g i n e e r i n g ( s u m m a r y ) P r o j e c t c o u n t y P r o j e c t b l o c k s M e t h a n e T o i l e t D o u b l e - f u n n e l t o i l e t T o i l e t w i t h 3 c o m p a r t m e n t s s e p t i c t a n k G a r b a g e C o l l e c t i o n S i t e S c h o o l G a r b a g e S i t e S c h o o l H a n d - w a s h i n g f a c i l i t y Y a o C h i T o u 9 0 0 2 1 4 6 6 2 6 / / Y a H e W a n 3 5 0 1 0 8 1 2 1 1 / / B i n g X i a n M i n g Y u C h i 2 5 0 1 2 9 3 1 1 3 / / M a Z u i / 2 7 0 2 1 0 3 5 1 0 1 0 Y a o Z h o u B a o C u n / 2 5 0 5 6 2 5 6 6 X i Y u a n 1 2 1 1 1 5 6 4 6 9 2 3 / 4 Y i n g T a i C h e n L u 5 0 0 3 9 0 7 2 0 2 3 / 1 2 W a n g Z h u i Z i 2 3 6 7 / 2 2 6 / / S u n C h a 4 4 4 / 1 1 2 / 6 N i u G o u 8 7 1 / 2 2 1 / / Z h i D a n S h i W a 2 7 9 / 1 1 2 / / Page 8 Environmental Impact Assessment Report Shaanxi Rural Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Project by Using World Bank Loan and DFID Donation 6 3. Regional Environmental Conditions In chapter 3 of the main report, the boundary of the first 20% project area was defined and then regional natural physical environments, ecological environments, socio- economic conditions, drinking water status and sanitation conditions were addressed. 3.1 Definitions of Environmental Boundary/types The boundary of study area for each project block was defined according to the type of water sources. The target environmental study area include project block, areas influence the project and areas impacted by the project implementation and operation. 3.2 Natural Environment Landforms Each project block is separately distributed in 4 counties of Shaanxi province. The main types of landforms are tableland of river, mountain areas, high-land, and valley. Geology All project blocks are geologically as part of plateau of Ordos. Project blocks within Zhidan county mainly are Quaternary loess with few exposure of new tertiary strata (red earth). Project blocks within Yintai district are of hilly-gullied region with Mesozoic rock mountainous area at lower part of the town urban area. Project blocks within Yaozhou district are mainly of limestone and rocks of Majiagou group of the Mid-Ordovician and erosion-type landform from a long time erosion process of sand rocks (Permian and Triassic) can be observed. Project blocks within Bing county are mainly of alluvium of Q4 and Q3 of Quaternary period. No geo-hazard area and faults, sink are observed in all project blocks. Hydrology 1 Surface water There are 3 main river systems in Zhidan county i.e. Luo River, Zhou River, and Xingzhi River. Yintai district covers both of Luo River and Wei River systems. The main river within Yintai district is Lishui River. Yaozhou district holds 5 major rives