China - Inner Mongolia Transport and Trade Facilitation Project : resettlement action plan (Vol. 1 of 6) : Hailar - Manzouli Class I segment of Suifenhe-Manzouli national trunk highway

People's Republic of China Inner Mongolia Highway and Trade Facilitation Project Financed by the World Bank Resettlement Action Plan For Hailar-Manzouli Class I Segment of Suifenhe-Manzouli National Trunk Highway (The Final Draft) Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Communications Department June 2004  Main participants Team leader: Zhang Weijian (Economic Development and Cooperation Institute of Donghua University) Translator: Zhang Weijian Members: Wang Hongbin (Inner Mongolia Communications Department) Guo Qian (Inner Mongolia Communications Department) Zhang Tao (Hulun Buir Municipal Communications Bureau) Zhang Yuqiang (Hulun Buir Municipal Communications Bureau) Wang Yanyu (Hulun Buir Municipal Communications Bureau) Zhao Junfeng (Hulun Buir Municipal Communications Bureau)  Contents Objective of RAP and Terms in Land Acquisition and Resettlement .............. 1 Chapter 1 Brief Description of the Project....................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project impacted areas...................................................................... 3 1.3 General socio-economic situation of the Project affected areas.... 4 1.4 Minimization of land acquisition and resettlement...................... 10 1.5 Highway Network Components ..................................................... 12 Chapter 2 Census and Socio-economic Survey of the Affected People and Assets..................................................................................................................... 14 2.1 Brief account of the survey ............................................................. 14 2.2 Land acquisition .............................................................................. 17 2.3 Affected houses ................................................................................ 18 2.4 Affected enterprises and institutions ............................................. 18 2.5 Affected crops .................................................................................. 18 2.6 Affected infrastructure and other main assets.............................. 19 2.7 Project-affected people.................................................................... 19 2.8 Socioeconomic situation of and land acquisition impacts on the affected villages (Gacha) .......................................................................... 22 2.9 Analysis of the socioeconomic impacts .......................................... 25 2.10 Stakeholder Analysis..................................................................... 29 2.11 Minority people in the Project area............................................. 31 Chapter 3 Legal Framework............................................................................ 37 3.1 Brief account .................................................................................... 37 3.2 National laws and regulations ........................................................ 37 3.3 Regulations of the IMAR ................................................................ 45 3.4 World Bank policies ........................................................................ 46 3.5 Resettlement entitlement policy ..................................................... 48 Chapter 4 Compensation Rates and Budget .................................................. 50 4.1 Compensation rates for the Project ............................................... 50  4.2 Temporary land occupation compensation................................... 52 4.3 Basic cost .......................................................................................... 53 4.4 Other cost ......................................................................................... 54 4.5 Contingencies ................................................................................... 54 4.6 Cost estimation of the land acquisition and resettlement of the Project........................................................................................................ 55 4.7 Fund flow.......................................................................................... 56 Chapter 5 Resettlement and Rehabilitation Program................................... 58 5.1 Guideline and principle of resettlement program ........................ 58 5.2 Overall resettlement scheme........................................................... 60 5.3 Housing reconstruction................................................................... 62 5.4 Aids to the vulnerable groups......................................................... 64 5.5 Infrastructure facility restoration.................................................. 64 5.6 Rehabilitation measures.................................................................. 65 5.7 Resettlement activities and implementation schedule.................. 67 5.8 Resettlement implementation plan................................................. 70 Chapter 6 Institutional Arrangements............................................................ 74 6.1 Establishment of the resettlement agencies................................... 74 6.2 Staffing of the special agencies ....................................................... 75 6.3 Responsibilities of the agencies....................................................... 76 6.4 Training and development of the resettlement staff..................... 78 6.5 Organizational chart ....................................................................... 80 Chapter 7 Consultation and Participation ..................................................... 82 7.1 Consultations and participation..................................................... 82 7.2 Resettlement information dissemination....................................... 83 7.3 Resettlement Information Booklets ............................................... 84 Chapter 8 Redress of Grievances .................................................................... 85 Chapter 9 Internal and External Monitoring ................................................ 87 9.1 Internal monitoring......................................................................... 87 9.2 External monitoring ........................................................................ 89 9.3 Submission of the monitoring reports ........................................... 94  Objective of RAP and Terms in Land Acquisition and Resettlement The RAP has been compiled according to the relevant laws and regulations of the PRC and localities as well as the World Bank's Implementation Outline for Involuntary Immigrants (OD4.30). Its objective is to ensure that the impacted people can get benefit from the proposed highway project so that their living standard can be raised or at least can be restored to that before the impact of the project. The acquisition of land and other properties may impact whoever lives on them. The impacted people include those whose life or income is impacted by the land acquisition and resettlement for the project, including: 1. those whose buildings (such as houses, the buildings of an enterprise or unit, or other public buildings) or land (such as courtyards, cultivated land, pastures) or other properties of which who have the ownership, right or economic benefit are acquisitioned either partially or completely; 2. those who use the above building or other properties, or whose production or management, jobs, living environment are impacted; 3. those whose living standard is impacted by land acquisition for the project. Consequently, we can define the impacted population as follows. The impacted population is composed of those, 1. whose life has already or will be impacted by the project; 2. whose buildings or land (such as courtyards, cultivated land, pastures) or other movable or immovable properties of which who has the ownership, right or economic benefit are acquisitioned either permanently or temporarily; 3. whose production or management, jobs, living quarters are impacted.  An impacted object may be a person or a juristic one of a company or a public organization. Whether a person is impacted does not depend on whether he or she has been registered or approved legally to work or live in an impacted area, nor does it depend on whether he or she has the ownership of the properties. Therefore, the impacted people include all those who are impacted by the project: 1. whether they have the legal right of acquisitioned properties; or 2. live in the impacted area without a legal approval. If a number of persons or a family jointly own or use a piece of acquisitioned land or other properties, they will get compensation according to the seriousness of the impact on their right and living standard. The definition of impacted population is directly related to the negative impact of the project instead of the ownership of these properties or other things. All the impacted people's living standard should be raised or at least restored. They should get compensation for the loss in properties at least equal to that calculated based on repurchase cost and for no reason should the compensation be deliberately deducted or underestimated. Resettlement includes the following aspects. 1. to rearrange the living areas; 2. to arrange the jobs for the impacted people; 3. to restore or compensate for the impacted productive resources, e.g., land, working places, trees and infrastructures; 4. to eliminate the other negative impact from land acquisition, e.g., environmental pollution; 5. to restore or make compensation for the public or private enterprises,  and 6. to eliminate the negative impact on cultural facilities or public properties. To restore means to make restoration of the impacted people's productive resources, so that they will carry on their production or management at least on the original levels before the construction of the project and maintain their life style. The RAP is intended to make a plan for the impacted people to be resettled and their life restored, so that their losses will get compensated for and their living standard will be raised or at least maintained to the original level before the construction of the project. Therefore, restoring measures will be introduced in this RAP for the impacted people to raise their income or at least maintain the previous level, and for the productive resources and public properties, infrastructure and cultural facilities to be improved or increased or at least maintained the original levels before the construction of the project.  RAP for Hailar-Manzouli Class I Highway of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (final draft) Chapter 1 Brief Description of the Project 1.1 Introduction The World Bank-financed Project, the Hailar-Manzouli Segment (hereinafter referred to as the Highway) of the Suifenhe-Manzouli National Trunk Highway, starts from the west side of Aobao Mountain in the north of Hailar District, connecting into the end point of the Yakeshi to Hailar Class II Highway, another segment of the Suifenhe-Manzouli National Trunk Highway, going through Haotetaohai Branch Pasture, Bayankuren Town, East Wuzhuer, West Wuzhuer, Zhalainuoer Mine, Manzhouli City, stopping at the new highway port of Manzhouli City. The total length of the Highway is 186.257 km, and it belongs to plain and slight hilly area. The Project includes 3 extra large and large bridges with the total length of 1079.5 m, 4 medium bridges with the total length of 286 m, 17 small bridges with the total length of 349.7 m, 112 culverts, 2 interchanges, 20 underpasses. One section of the Highway, from Zhalainuoer to urban area of Manzhouli City with a length of 18.19 km, has been built. The investment for the construction of this section was introduced by Manzhouli Communications Bureau from the Dongda Mongolia King Group Company, Ltd.. The civil construction of this section started in June 2000, and it was completed and opened to traffic in August 2002. This section was built according to the standard of Class I highway in plain and slight hilly area. The design speed is 100 km/h, and the width of subgrade is 15-20.5 m. The Zhalainuoer to Manzhouli section was mainly upgraded in the old Class III highway, and widening was only required for some section improvements in difficult terrain. Because this section went through rural areas of Manzhouli City, only waste land, and a little grassland and forest land were acquired. There were no cultivated land acquired and houses demolished due to the construction of this section. Therefore, the living  RAP for Hailar-Manzouli Class I Highway of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (final draft) standards of the farmers and herdsmen haven't been affected, and there are no problems concerning resettlement left over. Totally 402.82 mu of waste land and grassland, and 23.6 mu of forest land were acquired. The compensation for land acquisition and affected infrastructure was about 750, 000 yuan, which came from Manzhouli City. The section from Hailar to East Manzhouli, with a length of 176.669 km, was designed according to Class I highway in plain and slight hilly area, and the design speed was 100 km/h. The section from East Manzhouli to new port road, with a length of 9.588 km, was designed according to Class II highway, and the design speed was 80 km/h. Since the subgrade width of the section from Yakeshi to Hailar is 24m, the conditions of the existing road from Hailar to Manzhouli are relatively well, and the projected traffic flow of the proposed Project will not be very high at first, part of the existing road from Hailar to Manzhouli will be upgraded as one way of the Highway so as to be consistent with the Yakeshi to Hailar section and save investment. That is, the 2 sections from the starting point to east side of Bayankuren Town (K398+000-K412+000) and west side of Huhenuoer Lake to West Wuzhuer (K440+000-K496+000), with a total length of 70 km, the existing road from Hailar to Manzhouli will be used to construct separate cross-section, with a subgrade width of 12.75 m (the existing road will be widened as one way of the Highway); The subgrade width of the section from East Manzhouli to the end point (K574+000-K583+588.31), with a length of 9.588 km, is 17m; For other sections with a length of 106.669 km, the subgrade width is 24 m. As one section of the Suifenhe-Manzouli National Trunk Highway, the Highway is a key passage connecting the provinces and regions in the northeast of China, and also one of the most important international passages from the northeast of China and the countries in Northeast Asia to Russia and Mongolia. The existing road from Hailar to Manzhouli is mainly Class III highway, which is low in the technical standard. It is apparently unable to meet the increasing needs for  RAP for Hailar-Manzouli Class I Highway of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (final draft) transportation, and to keep abreast of the economic and tourist development in those areas. In order to bring the State's strategies of developing the West into force, improve the present traffic conditions, perfect the National Trunk Highway system, and accelerate the resource exploitation and economic development in the areas along the alignment, the Highway is in urgent need of construction. 1.2 Project impacted areas The Highway goes through Chen Barag Banner, Xin Barag Left Banner and Manzhouli City. The Highway lengths in the affected banners and county-level city are listed separately as follows. Chen Barag Banner: 105.669 km; Xin Barag Left Banner: 40.8 km; Manzhouli City: 39.788 km There are 1 prefecture-level city, 3 banners and county-level city, 8 townships, Sumu, and livestock farms, 11 administrative villages, Gacha, and administrative zones affected by the Project. For details, please refer to the following table: Table 1.1 Banners/city, townships/Sumu/livestock farms, administrative villages/Gacha/administrative zones affected by the Project. Banner (county) Township (Sumu) Administrative village (Gacha) Chen Barag Banner Baorixile Hurigetai Taohai Livestock Chen Barag Banner Farm Chen Barag Banner Bayankuren Town Chen Barag Banner Bayanhada Bayanhada Chen Barag Banner East Wuzhuer Chagannuoer  RAP for Hailar-Manzouli Class I Highway of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (final draft) Banner (county) Township (Sumu) Administrative village (Gacha) Chen Barag Banner East Wuzhuer Bayanwula Chen Barag Banner East Wuzhuer Eerdunwula Chen Barag Banner West Wuzhuer Wuzhuer Chen Barag Banner West Wuzhuer Xigedeng Chen Barag Banner West Wuzhuer Sarula Xin Barag Left Cagang Livestock Galuotuo Administrative Zone Banner Farm Xin Barag Left Cagang Livestock Adute Administrative Zone Banner Farm Manzhouli City Xinkaihe Town Erka New Village 1.3 General socio-economic situation of the Project affected areas 1.3.1 The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (IMAR) The Project Area, the IMAR is situated in the northern frontier of China. It stretches 2400 km from west to east and 1700 km from north to south, traversing northeast, north and northeast China. The IMAR covers an area of 1.183 million km2 or 12.3 % of the country's territory, and its land area is the third largest in China. The Region is surrounded by eight provinces and regions in its south, east and west, and Mongolia and Russia in the north, with a borderline of 4200 km. The total population of the IMAR is 23,790,000. There are Han, Mongolian, Hui, Manchu, Tibetan, Korean, Tahur, Olunchun and some other nationalities. The Mongolian Nationality is the main body in the IMAR. In 2002, the GDP in the IMAR reached 173.248 billion yuan, the annual average income per urban citizen was 6051 yuan, and the annual average net income per farmer or herdsman was 2086 yuan. The IMAR has national iron and steel and coal production bases. In addition, it has industries of forest, farm and animal production processing, electricity, machinery, chemicals, electronics, textile, sugar, paper making and light industry. It has developed agriculture and animal husbandry. The Region is a national production base of cash grain, oil and sugar,  RAP for Hailar-Manzouli Class I Highway of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (final draft) and also an important animal husbandry base, ranking top among the five major pastoral areas in the State. 1.3.2 Hulun Buir City Hulun Buir City is situated in the northeast of IMAR, between longitude 115