ISSN: 2071-2510 IMEMR Current Contents December 2013 Vol. 11 No.2 Providing Access to Health Knowledge to Build a Healthy Future For further information contact: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Knowledge Sharing and Production (KSP) Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) Monazamet El Seha El Alamia Street Extension of Abdel Razak El Sanhouri Street P.O. Box 7608, Nasr City Cairo 11371, Egypt Tel: +20 2 22765047 Fax: +20 2 22765424 e-mail: emrgoksp@who.int http://www.emro.who.int/information-resources/imemr/imemr.html Vol. 12 No. 4 Index Medicus for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region with Abstracts IMEMR Current Contents December 2013 Vol. 12 No. 4 © World Health Organization 2013 All rights reserved. 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Requests for permission to reproduce, in part or in whole, or to translate publications of WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed to Regional Adviser, Global Arabic Programme, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, at the following address: email: WAP@emro.who.int Design, layout and printing by WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt ISSN: 2071-2510 i Table of Contents IMEMR Current Contents ................................................................................................... vii Subject Index ....................................................................................................................... ix Abortion, Therapeutic ................................................................................................... 1 Accidents, Traffic .......................................................................................................... 1 Acinetobacter baumannii .............................................................................................. 1 Acute Coronary Syndrome ........................................................................................... 2 Adiponectin ................................................................................................................... 2 Adolescent .................................................................................................................... 3 Aeromonas hydrophila .................................................................................................. 3 Aggressive Periodontitis ............................................................................................... 3 Airway Management ..................................................................................................... 4 Alzheimer Disease........................................................................................................ 4 Amides ......................................................................................................................... 4 Analgesics, Opioid ........................................................................................................ 5 Anemia ......................................................................................................................... 5 Anemia, Sickle Cell ....................................................................................................... 5 Anesthesia .................................................................................................................... 6 Anesthesia, Caudal ...................................................................................................... 7 Anesthesia, Epidural ..................................................................................................... 7 Anesthesia, Intravenous ............................................................................................... 7 Anesthesia, Spinal ........................................................................................................ 8 Anesthetics, Local ........................................................................................................ 8 Ankle Brachial Index ..................................................................................................... 8 Anti-Bacterial Agents .................................................................................................... 9 Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ..................................................................... 9 Antitubercular Agents ................................................................................................... 9 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia .............................................................. 10 Artemisinins ................................................................................................................ 10 Ascites ........................................................................................................................ 11 Asthma ....................................................................................................................... 11 Atrial Fibrillation .......................................................................................................... 12 Attitude to Health ........................................................................................................ 12 Bariatric Surgery ......................................................................................................... 13 BCG Vaccine .............................................................................................................. 13 Bile Acids and Salts .................................................................................................... 13 Birth Weight ................................................................................................................ 14 Brachial Plexus Neuritis .............................................................................................. 14 Brucellosis .................................................................................................................. 14 Bupivacaine ................................................................................................................ 14 Cadherins ................................................................................................................... 15 Celiac Disease ........................................................................................................... 15 Child Abuse ................................................................................................................ 16 Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic ................................................................................. 16 Cholecystitis ............................................................................................................... 16 Colitis, Ulcerative ........................................................................................................ 17 Colorectal Neoplasms ................................................................................................ 17 Communicable Disease Control ................................................................................. 18 Communicable Diseases ............................................................................................ 18 ii Community Mental Health Services............................................................................ 18 Comparative Genomic Hybridization .......................................................................... 19 Conscious Sedation .................................................................................................... 19 Cornea ........................................................................................................................ 20 Coronary Artery Disease ............................................................................................ 20 Craniocerebral Trauma ............................................................................................... 20 Crohn Disease ............................................................................................................ 21 Curcumin .................................................................................................................... 21 Cystadenoma, Mucinous ............................................................................................ 21 Death .......................................................................................................................... 22 Dental Restoration, Temporary .................................................................................. 22 Dermatitis ................................................................................................................... 22 Dexmedetomidine....................................................................................................... 23 Diabetes Mellitus ........................................................................................................ 23 Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ................................................................................. 23 Drug Industry .............................................................................................................. 24 Endometriosis ............................................................................................................. 25 Epidermal Cyst ........................................................................................................... 25 Epilepsy, Reflex .......................................................................................................... 25 Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe ............................................................................................ 25 Erythropoietin ............................................................................................................. 26 Escherichia coli .......................................................................................................... 26 Esophagitis ................................................................................................................. 27 Esthetics, Dental ........................................................................................................ 27 Ethionamide ............................................................................................................... 28 Ethnology ................................................................................................................... 28 Eye ............................................................................................................................. 28 Facial Paralysis .......................................................................................................... 29 Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture ....................................................................... 29 Fibroblasts .................................................................................................................. 30 Fraser Syndrome ........................................................................................................ 30 Gallstones .................................................................................................................. 30 Gastroesophageal Reflux ........................................................................................... 30 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ................................................................................ 31 Gastrointestinal Tract ................................................................................................. 31 Grape Seed Extract .................................................................................................... 31 Health Expenditures ................................................................................................... 32 Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ........................................................................ 32 Heart Ventricles .......................................................................................................... 33 Heat Stress Disorders ................................................................................................ 33 Helicobacter pylori ...................................................................................................... 34 Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral .......................................................................................... 34 Hip Joint ..................................................................................................................... 35 HIV Infections ............................................................................................................. 35 Hydrocephalus ........................................................................................................... 36 Hypertension .............................................................................................................. 36 Hypothyroidism ........................................................................................................... 37 Inflammatory Bowel Diseases .................................................................................... 37 Insulin ......................................................................................................................... 38 Intracranial Aneurysm ................................................................................................. 38 Intubation .................................................................................................................... 38 Intubation, Intratracheal .............................................................................................. 39 Irritable Bowel Syndrome ........................................................................................... 39 Ketorolac .................................................................................................................... 40 iii Klebsiella pneumoniae ............................................................................................... 40 Lactones ..................................................................................................................... 40 Laparoscopy ............................................................................................................... 41 Laryngectomy ............................................................................................................. 41 Learning ..................................................................................................................... 41 Legionella pneumophila .............................................................................................. 42 Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous ......................................................................................... 42 Leukoencephalopathies .............................................................................................. 42 Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe .................................................................... 43 Lipoma ........................................................................................................................ 43 Liver Cirrhosis ............................................................................................................ 43 Low Back Pain ............................................................................................................ 44 Lung Neoplasms ........................................................................................................ 45 Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System ................................................................. 45 Malocclusion, Angle Class I ........................................................................................ 46 Mandibular Prosthesis Implantation ............................................................................ 46 Marriage ..................................................................................................................... 46 Maxillary Sinus ........................................................................................................... 47 Meningitis ................................................................................................................... 47 Meningitis, Meningococcal ......................................................................................... 48 Metabolic Syndrome X ............................................................................................... 48 Morphine .................................................................................................................... 48 Mucormycosis ............................................................................................................ 49 Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ....................................................................................... 49 Mycobacterium tuberculosis ....................................................................................... 50 Myelinolysis, Central Pontine ..................................................................................... 51 Nanotechnology ......................................................................................................... 52 Nerve Block ................................................................................................................ 52 Nerve Compression Syndromes ................................................................................. 52 Noise .......................................................................................................................... 52 Nurses ........................................................................................................................ 53 Nutrition Assessment .................................................................................................. 53 Obesity ....................................................................................................................... 53 Occupational Exposure .............................................................................................. 54 Occupational Health ................................................................................................... 54 Pacemaker, Artificial ................................................................................................... 54 Paclitaxel .................................................................................................................... 55 Pain, Postoperative .................................................................................................... 55 Pancreatitis ................................................................................................................. 56 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention .......................................................................... 56 Perforator Flap ........................................................................................................... 57 Perilla frutescens ........................................................................................................ 58 Phantom Limb ............................................................................................................ 58 Pharmacovigilance ..................................................................................................... 58 Photorefractive Keratectomy ...................................................................................... 59 Physician's Role ......................................................................................................... 59 Pit and Fissure Sealants ............................................................................................. 59 Plagiarism ................................................................................................................... 60 Plasmapheresis .......................................................................................................... 60 Platelet-Rich Plasma .................................................................................................. 60 Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated.............................................................................. 61 Polyhydramnios .......................................................................................................... 61 Postoperative Hemorrhage ......................................................................................... 62 Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting .......................................................................... 62 iv Posture ....................................................................................................................... 62 Prehypertension ......................................................................................................... 63 Propofol ...................................................................................................................... 63 Psoriasis ..................................................................................................................... 63 Public Health .............................................................................................................. 63 Public Health Practice ................................................................................................ 64 Public Health Surveillance .......................................................................................... 64 Pulmonary Embolism .................................................................................................. 64 Pulmonary Emphysema ............................................................................................. 65 Ranula ........................................................................................................................ 65 Reishi ......................................................................................................................... 65 Renal Dialysis ............................................................................................................. 66 Restless Legs Syndrome ............................................................................................ 66 Rhinoplasty ................................................................................................................. 66 Risk Assessment ........................................................................................................ 67 Risk Factors ............................................................................................................... 67 Safety ......................................................................................................................... 67 Septal Occluder Device .............................................................................................. 68 Skin Transplantation ................................................................................................... 68 Smoking ..................................................................................................................... 69 Spouse Abuse ............................................................................................................ 69 Stem Cells .................................................................................................................. 70 Stevens-Johnson Syndrome ...................................................................................... 70 Stress, Psychological ................................................................................................. 70 Students, Medical ....................................................................................................... 71 Teaching ..................................................................................................................... 71 Telemedicine .............................................................................................................. 72 Tenascin ..................................................................................................................... 72 Thanatophoric Dysplasia ............................................................................................ 73 Thyroidectomy ............................................................................................................ 73 Tibial Fractures ........................................................................................................... 73 Tics ............................................................................................................................. 74 Torsades de Pointes ................................................................................................... 74 Transposition of Great Vessels .................................................................................. 74 Tuberculosis ............................................................................................................... 74 Tuberculosis, Meningeal ............................................................................................. 75 Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ............................................................................................ 76 Tumor Markers, Biological .......................................................................................... 76 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ........................................................................ 77 Vitiligo ......................................................................................................................... 77 Wounds and Injuries ................................................................................................... 78 Wounds, Nonpenetrating ............................................................................................ 78 Appendix I: Author Index ................................................................................................... 89 Appendix II: List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by country) ............................. 109 Appendix III: List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by title) ................................... 129 IMEMR Current Contents Rationale The Index Medicus for the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) has sustained its indexing policy, which has made it a vital current awareness information tool, for technical staff of the Regional Office, health care staff, and medical professionals who are able now to access heath literature published in the Region as soon as it is published. A document delivery service to support the Index has also been activated which will enable any user to acquire a copy of any article listed in the Index. The cumulative version of the Index Medicus is available now on the Internet as part of EMRO web site. A CD-ROM version of the same is also being provided upon request. Scope and Coverage The IMEMR Current Contents is issued on a quarterly basis including the most recent articles added to Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) Database1. Indexing Level Each article has been indexed and assigned to a “Main Heading”, plus added headings according to the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) list of the National Library of Medicine (NLM). Up to five added headings (including the respective country) have been allowed. Subheadings (or qualifiers) are used in indexing to qualify MeSH headings by pinpointing some specific aspects of the concept represented by the heading, e.g. “LIVER-Drug Effects” indicates that the article is not about the liver in general, but about the effect of drugs on the liver. Organization of the IMEMR Subject Index The Index is organized in alphabetical order, according to the Main Subject Headings (MeSH). In most cases one main subject is assigned to each article. Under the main subject, entries are sorted by Subheading in alphabetical order also. Each entry includes the bibliographic information of the article e.g. title of the article, author(s), first author’s affiliation, journal title, year (date of publication), volume number, issue number, page numbers, number of references, subject descriptors and geographic descriptors. Abstracts have been added and are searchable on the database on the Internet. (as shown in Figure 1) Author Index The IMEMR includes the author’s index, which also indicates the subjects covered by each author. (Appendix I) List of EMR Journals by Country The IMEMR includes an updated list of EMR Journals, which are indexed in the index. The list is sorted in alphabetical order by the country of publication, which also indicates the number of journals in each country. (Appendix II) List of EMR Journals by Title The IMEMR includes an updated list of EMR Journals, which are indexed in the index. The list is sorted in alphabetical order by journal’s title, which also indicates the status of indexing for each journal. (Appendix III) Computer facilities The Current Contents has been produced using the UNESCO WINISIS package. Countries or journals publishers interested in a subset of the database may be provided with data sets in WINISIS format upon request. 1 Including the countries of Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen viii Availability of photocopies Photocopies of articles cited in IMEMR may be obtained from EMRO Library free of charge upon request. Availability on the Internet This issue, as well as all forthcoming issues, will appear in WHO/EMRO web site on the Internet, as part of the complete edition of the Index. Internet address is http://www.emro.who.int/information‐resources/imemr/imemr.html Figure (1): Sample of IMEMR citation Antibodies, Antinuclear Main Subject Heading Keywords: Arthritis, Rheumatoid-diagnosis; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic-diagnosis; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Crithidia; Fluorescent Antibody Technique Descriptors Abstract: To study the correlation between enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and immunofluoresencent [IF] anti-dsDNA antibody measurement in different diseases. One hundred and forty sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE, n=40], rheumatoid arthritis [RA, n=30], disease control [n=40] and from healthy control subjects [n=30] were included. Using the ELISA, serum anti-dsDNA was detected in 24/40 [60%] SLE, 5/30 [16.6%] RA, 9/40 [22.5%] disease controls and 1/30 [3.3%] of normal healthy controls. When IF assay was employed, anti-ds DNA antibodies were detected in 16/40 [40%] SLE, 3/30 [10%] RA, 5/40 [12.5%] disease controls but none in the normal subjects. These results suggest that both ELISA and IF techniques can be used for the measurement of anti- ds DNA antibodies in clinical laboratories and, these antibodies are not unique to SLE. Abstract immunology Subheading Title Evaluation of anti-DS DNA antibodies in anti-nuclear antibody positive Omani patients. Journal Title Year Issue Pages No. of References Volume Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2007; 23 (2): 211-215 (22 ref.) Author(s) Alnaqdy, Adel; Al Busaidy, Juma; Hassan, Batool First author's e-mail address E-mail:aalwan@squ.edu.om First author's affiliation Sultan Qaboos University - College of Medicine and Health Sciences - Department of Microbiology and Immunology ix Subject Index
IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 1 Abortion, Therapeutic Abortion and ensoulment. Gowri, Vaidyanathan E-mail:gowri@squ.edu.om Sultan Qaboos University - College of Medicine and Health Sciences - Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 1-2 (13 ref.) Keywords: Abortion, Induced; Abortion, Criminal; Pregnancy; Fetal Viability; Beginning of Human Life; Spinal Dysraphism Divergent views on abortion and the period of ensoulment. Khitamy, Badawy A.B. E-mail:khitamy@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - National Committee for Bioethics, Oman - Department of Microbiology and Immunology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 26-31 (28 ref.) Keywords: Personal Autonomy; Value of Life; Fetus-abnormalities; Pregnancy; Fetal Viability; Beginning of Human Life; Spinal Dysraphism; Abortion, Induced; Personhood Abstract: A Muslim woman in her sixteenth week of pregnancy was informed that her ultrasound scan showed spina bifida, and laboratory results confirmed the diagnosis. The child would have various complications and, most probably, would need medical care for life. With the consent of her husband she decided to terminate the pregnancy. Her decision sparked controversy among Muslim clerics in her community, sparking debate between those who would allow abortion for medical reasons and those who oppose abortion for any reason. This paper will review the philosophical and theological arguments of the pro-life and pro-choice groups as well as the Islamic perspective concerning a woman's autonomy over her reproductive system, the sanctity of the fetus and the embryo, therapeutic abortion, and ensoulment. Accidents, Traffic mortality Fatalities from road traffic accidents among the young in Bahrain. Hamadeh R.R.; Ali, N.M.A. E-mail:randah@agu.edu.bh Arabian Gulf University - College of Medicine and Medical Sciences - Department of Family and Community Medicine EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 854-860 (22 ref.) Keywords: Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sex Distribution; Age Distribution Abstract: In Bahrain and other Gulf countries, road traffic accidents [RTA] are recognized as a growing public health problem. This study described the trend of fatalities from RTA in Bahrain among those aged < 25 years from 2003- 2010. The proportional mortality ratios of RTA deaths [up to 30 days from the accident] among the young were compared with those of all ages. The average proportion of young males killed by RTA in Bahrain during the 8-year period was 82.7%, with 2006 marking the lowest proportion among Bahraini nationals [72.2%] and the total population [79.2%]. RTA fatalities constituted 51.3% among the Bahrainis, 20.2% of non-Bahrainis and 39.0% of all fatalities in both sexes combined. The young in Bahrain were 3.5 times more likely to die from RTA than the general population. This paper calls on policy-makers to consolidate efforts to control this public health problem. Acinetobacter baumannii drug effects Prevalence of colistin and tigecycline resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates from 2 hospitals in Riyadh Region over a 2-year period. Baadani, Abeer M.; Thawadi, Sahar I.; El Khizzi, Noura A.; Omrani, Ali S. King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center - Division of Infections Diseases - Department of Medicine Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 248-253 (31 ref.) Keywords: Colistin; Minocycline-analogs and derivatives; Prevalence; Drug Resistance; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Acinetobacter Infections Abstract: To describe the rates and patterns of colistin and tigecycline resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii [A. baumannii] isolates from clinical specimens from 2 major hospitals in Riyadh Region over a 2-year period. This is a retrospective review of records of all clinical isolates of A. baumannii from the departments of microbiology at King IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 2 Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center [KFSHRC] and Prince Sultan Military Medical City [PSMMC], Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia for the period from January 2010 to December 2011. Records for 1307 Acinetobacter species isolates were identified. The overall tigecycline resistance rates were 9.7% and colistin 1.8%. Among Acinetobacter isolates from KFSHRC, tigecycline resistance rate increased from 10.4% in 2010 to 20.5% in 2011. Colistin resistance increased over the same period from 2.6% to 4.7%. No Acinetobacter isolates from PSMMC were reported to be colistin resistant, while tigecycline resistance rates increased from 1.3% in 2010 to 6.6% in 2011. In KFSHRC, resistance to tigecycline was reported significantly more in isolates from samples that originated in the intensive care units, whereas in PSMMC tigecycline resistance was reported exclusively from clinical areas other than intensive care. No temporal clustering of Acinetobacter isolates was apparent in either hospital over the study period. Tigecycline and colistin resistance were reported from a considerable proportion of Acinetobacter clinical isolates from the study hospitals over a 2-year period. Acute Coronary Syndrome epidemiology The epidemiology of acute coronary syndrome in Oman. Results from the Oman-RACE study. Al Lawati, Jawad; Sulaiman, Kadhim; Panduranga, Prashanth E-mail:jallawati@gmail.com Ministry of Health - Department of Non-communicable Diseases Surveillance and Control SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 43-50 (35 ref.) Keywords: Incidence; Myocardial Ischemia; Cardiovascular Diseases; Risk Factors Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiology and coronary risk factors of acute coronary syndrome [ACS] in Oman. Data were collected through a prospective, multinational, multicentre survey of consecutive patients, hospitalised over a 5-month period in 2007 with a diagnosis of ACS, in Yemen and five Arabian Gulf countries [Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates]. Here we present data of Omani patients aged >/= 20 years who received a provisional diagnosis of ACS and were consequently admitted to 14 different hospitals. There where 1,340 confirmed ACS episodes in 748 men and 592 women [median age 61 years]. The overall crude incidence rate of ACS was 338.9 per 100,000 person-years [P-Y]. The age-standardised rate [ASR] of ACS was 779 and 674 per 100,000 P- Y for men and women, respectively. The ASR male-to-female rate ratio was highest in the ST-elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI] group [2.26, 95% confidence interval [[CI], 1.63 to 3.15] followed by the non-STEMI [NSTEMI] group [1.68, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.21] and unstable angina [0.79, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.99]. Unstable angina accounted for 55%, STEMI for 26% and NSTEMI for 19% of ACS cases. Among the coronary risk factors, there was a high prevalence of hypertension [68%], diabetes mellitus [DM] [36%], hyperlipidaemia [63%], and overweight/obesity [65%], with a relatively low rate of current tobacco use [11%]. Our study confirms a high incidence of ACS in Omanis and supports the notion that the cardiovascular disease epidemic is also sweeping developing countries. Adiponectin blood Epidemiologic evidence on serum adiponectin level and lipid profile. Izadi, Vajihe; Farabad, Elaheh; Azadbakht, Leila Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Food Security Research Center - Department of Community Nutrition IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 133-140 (65 ref.) Keywords: Lipids-blood; Cholesterol, HDL; Cholesterol, LDL; Triglycerides; Cholesterol, VLDL Abstract: The concentration of adiponectin, a hormone which is secreted from adipose tissue, is inversely correlated with body fat mass. This hormone has anti inflammatory and anti atherogenic properties. Its concentration reduces in metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. This study reviews the evidence on the relationship between serum adiponectin concentration and lipid profile. In this study former clinical trials, cross sectional and prospective studies have been reviewed. The PubMed search engine has been used to find related research for the topic by considering dyslipidemia, total cholesterol [TC], high and low density protein [HDL and LDL], triglyceride [TG], lipid profile [LP] and adiponectin as the key words. Finally, 25 articles were recruited to review in the present article. Serum adiponectin level was positively correlated with plasma HDL cholestrol concentrations. There was a significant inverse relationship between plasma triglyceride and serum adiponectin. An inverse correlation between very low density lipoprotein [VLDL] and LDL levels and adiponectin was reported from the studies. So, Adiponectin has an important role in the metabolism of lipid profile including HDLc. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 3 Adolescent First report on self-rated health in a nationally-representative sample of Iranian adolescents: the Caspian-III study. Hosseini, Mohsen; Maghami, Mahboobeh; Kelishadi, Roya; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil; Khoshbin, Soheila; Amirkhani, Amir; Heshmat, Ramin; Taslimi, Mahnaz; Ardalanc, Gelayol; Hosseini, Sayed Mohsen Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - School of Health - Department of Bio-statistics and Epidemiology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 146-152 (32 ref.) Keywords: Health Status; Health Status Indicators; Logistic Models; Schools; Self Report Abstract: To evaluate predictive factors of adolescents' appraisal of their health. The nationwide study, entitled "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable Diseases [CASPIAN] study," was conducted in 2010 among Iranian school students, aged 10-18. In addition to demographic factors and physical examination, variables as family structure, nutrition habits, physical activity, smoking, hygienic habits, violence, school attachment, family smoking, and family history of chronic diseases were assessed. The dependent variable is the self- rated health [SRH] and it was measured by 12 items, which had already been combined through latent class analysis. We had taken a dichotomous variable, i.e. the higher values indicate better SRH. The dependent variable was regressed on all predictors by generalized additive models. 75% of adolescents had a good SRH. The linear and smooth effects of independent variables on SRH were observed. Among all the variables, physical activity had a positive linear effect on SRH [beta = 0.08, P value = 0.003]. Smoking, violence, and family history of disease associated to SRH non-linearly [P value < 0.05]. Family smoking [beta = -0.01] and hygienic habits [beta = 0.27] related to SRH both linearly and non-linearly. Physical health and high risk behavior, either of linear or non-linear effect, are factors, which seem to shape the adolescents' perception of health. Aeromonas hydrophila drug effects A cytotoxicity and comparative antibacterial study on the effect of Zataria multiflora boiss, trachyspermum copticum essential oils, and enrofloxacin on aeromonas hydrophila. Malekinejad, Hassan; Bazargani-Gilani, Behnaz; Tukmechi, Amir; Ebrahimi, Hadi E-mail: hassanmalekinejad@yahoo.com Urmia University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 188-195 (23 ref.) Keywords: Carum; Fluoroquinolones; Oils, Volatile; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Phytotherapy Abstract: This study designed to test the antibacterial potency of enrofloxacin [ENR] and essential oils from Zataria multiflora Boiss [ZEO] and Trachyspermum copticum [TEO] on Aeromonas hydrophila. The antibacterial potency of test compounds was determined by several methods including the inhibition zone diameter determination, microbroth dilution method and colorimetric method of MTT. The cytotoxicity of test substances was assessed on Chinook salmon [Oncorhynchus tshawytscha] embryo [CHSE-214] cells. Results showed that ENR and tested essential oils exert antibacterial effect against A. hydrophila. Moreover, ENR exerted the most potent antibacterial effect with MIC values of 62.5 ng/ml. The natural compounds of ZEO and TEO also showed antibacterial effects with rather high MIC values of 0.315 mg/ml, and 1.25 mg/ml, respectively. None of the tested substances showed toxicity on CHSE-24 cells. It is concluded that ZEO and TEO could be applied to prevent from A. hydrophila infection. Moreover, data also suggest that MTT method could be both cost- and time-effective and accurate method of MIC determination. Aggressive Periodontitis Expression of human beta defensins [HBDs] 1, 2 and 3 in gingival crevicular fluid of patients affected by localized aggressive periodontitis. Ebrahem, Mohamed Abdelmoniem E-mail:mebrahem@yahoo.com Minia University - Faculty of Dental Medicine - Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 75-82 (28 ref.) Keywords: Gingival Crevicular Fluid; beta-Defensins; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Abstract: To study the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the expression frequencies of human beta-defensin [HBD]-l, -2, and -3 in the gingival crevicular fluid [GCF] of patients affected by localized aggressive periodontitis. Twenty patients affected by localized aggressive periodontitis [age range, 20-35 years] and 20 healthy subjects [age range, 21-37 years] were examined with clinical periodontal parameters and radiographic examination with the long- cone parallel technique. All periodontitis patients underwent nonsurgical periodontal therapy combined with doxycycline treatment and a maintenance program [including brushing with regular toothpaste]. GCF samples were collected from patients and healthy control subjects at baseline as well as 3 months after periodontal therapy for the patient group. In the patient group, the expression frequencies of HBD-1, -2, and -3 mRNA at baseline were 30%, 85%, IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 4 and 35%, respectively, which changed after periodontal therapy to 80%, 45%, and 85%, respectively [all P < 0.001]. In the healthy control subjects, the expression frequencies were 95%, 40%, and 95% for HBD-1, -2, and -3, respectively, which were different from those of diseased patients at baseline [all P < 0.001]. The appropriate expression of HBD peptides in health and disease may contribute to the maintenance of periodontal homeostasis, possibly through its antimicrobial effects and the promotion of adaptive immune responses. Airway Management Airway management of a difficult airway due to prolonged enlarged goiter using loco-sedative technique. Srivastava, Divya; Dhiraaj, Sanjay E-mail:dr.divshric@gmail.com Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences - Department of Anaesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 86-89 (13 ref.) Keywords: Intubation, Intratracheal-methods; Fiber Optic Technology; Goiter; Thyroid Gland Abstract: Appropriate airway management is an essential part of anesthesiologist's role. Huge goiters can lead to distorted airway and difficulty in endotracheal intubation. In this report, we present a case of a 67-year-old woman with a huge toxic multinodular thyroid swelling, gradually increasing in size for last 20 years, where trachea was successfully intubated. She had a history of deferred surgery in June 2007 due to inability to intubate, despite 5-6 attempts using different laryngoscopes, bougie, and stylet. Patient was re-admitted in December 2011 for the surgery and was successfully intubated this time with help of fiberoptic intubation using loco-sedative technique. Patient was electively kept intubated postoperatively in view of chances of tracheomalacia due to prolonged large goiter. She was extubated successfully on post-op day 2 after demonstration of leak around trachea following tracheal tube cuff deflation. The different techniques of managing the difficult airway in these patients are discussed. Alzheimer Disease veterinary The effect of treadmill running on passive avoidance learning in animal model of Alzheimer disease. Hosseini, Nasrin; Alaei, Hojjatallah; Reisi, Parham; Radahmadi, Maryam Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine - Department of Physiology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 187-192 (37 ref.) Keywords: Exercise Test; Avoidance Learning-physiology; Rats, Wistar; Basal Nucleus of Meynert; Models, Animal Abstract: Alzheimer's disease was known as a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in the elderly and is characterized by dementia and severe neuronal loss in the some regions of brain such as nucleus basalis magnocellularis. It plays an important role in the brain functions such as learning and memory. Loss of cholinergic neurons of nucleus basalis magnocellularis by ibotenic acid can commonly be regarded as a suitable model of Alzheimer's disease. Previous studies reported that exercise training may slow down the onset and progression of memory deficit in neurodegenerative disorders. This research investigates the effects of treadmill running on acquisition and retention time of passive avoidance deficits induced by ibotenic acid nucleus basalis magnocellularis lesion. Male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into five groups as follows: Control, sham, Alzheimer, exercise before Alzheimer, and exercise groups. Treadmill running had a 21 day period and Alzheimer was induced by 5 micro g/ micro l bilateral injection of ibotenic acid in nucleus basalis magnocellularis. Our results showed that ibotenic acid lesions significantly impaired passive avoidance acquisition [P < 0.01] and retention [P < 0.001] performance, while treadmill running exercise significantly [P < 0.001] improved passive avoidance learning in NBM-lesion rats. Treadmill running has a potential role in the prevention of learning and memory impairments in NBM-lesion rats. Amides administration and dosage Low-dose ropivacaine for supraclavicular brachial plexus block combined with general anesthesia for successful postoperative analgesia: a case series. Iwata, Toshio; Nakahashi, Kazuyoshi; Inoue, Satoki; Furuya, Hitoshi Nara Prefectural Mimuro Hospital - Department of Anesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 37-39 (14 ref.) Keywords: Amides-therapeutic use; Anesthesia, General; Brachial Plexus-drug effects; Pain, Postoperative- prevention and control; Pain, Postoperative-therapy; Patient Satisfaction; Analgesia IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 5 Abstract: Ropivacaine, a long-acting local anesthetic agent, has been used for postoperative analgesia in brachial plexus block [BPB] at high doses. However, use of lower doses would reduce the occurrence of adverse effects. We applied BPB with low-dose ropivacaine [10 mL of 0.375% ropivacaine] after induction of general anesthesia for surgery of the upper extremities in 62 patients at our hospital. Ropivacaine was administered via a fluoroscopy-guided supraclavicular method. Analgesic effects during surgery, visual analog scale pain scores, skin sensation, muscle strength, and postoperative patient satisfaction indices were evaluated. Fifty-six patients [90.3%] did not require supplemental analgesics during surgery. The remaining six patients were administered fentanyl due to the insufficient analgesic effects of the nerve block. Some adverse effects, including numbness and delayed motor and sensory recovery of the upper extremities, were observed. The mean postoperative patient-evaluated visual satisfaction scale was 94.1. Our results suggest that low-dose ropivacaine is clinically acceptable for BPB under general anesthesia. Analgesics, Opioid adverse effects The dilemma of opioid-induced hyperalgesia and tolerance in chronic opioid therapy. Tawfic, Qutaiba Amir; Faris, Ali S.; Date, Rohit R. E-mail:drqutaibaamir@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 185-187 (6 ref.) Keywords: Opioid-Related Disorders; Hyperalgesia-chemically induced; Receptors, Opioid Anemia Maternal anemia in various trimesters and its effect on newborn weight and maturity: an observational study. Kumar, K. Jagadish; Asha, N.; Murthy, D. Srinivasa; Sujatha, M.S.; Manjunath, V.G. E-mail: jagdishmandya@gmail.com JSS University - JSS Medical College - Department of Pediatrics IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 193-199 (30 ref.) Keywords: Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Birth Weight; Gestational Age; Pregnancy Trimesters; Hemoglobins-analysis Abstract: Anemia has been a very important nutritional disorder in the world. India has reported high prevalence of anemia in pregnancy. Most of the articles have reported an adverse pregnancy outcome related to anemia. Of late, reports are emerging suggesting anemia could be indeed beneficial. Apart from that, there was no consistency in the timing of hemoglobin considered for analysis. Hence, we designed an observational study to look into these aspects. 1000 mothers admitted for delivery were recruited and their hemoglobin was measured. Hemoglobin in previous trimesters was noted from their antenatal record. We followed up these mothers till delivery and looked into the gestation and birth weight of the babies. Descriptive statistics was used for baseline characteristics. Comparison of means was done using Student's t-test. Qualitative variables were compared using Fisher's exact test. More than 50% of the mothers were anemic at some point of time during their pregnancy and 39% of the mothers were anemic throughout. Mean birth weight of babies born to anemic mothers was marginally lower compared to that of babies born to nonanemic mothers. This difference was statistically significant. There was 6.5% increase in the incidence of low birth weight babies and 11.5% increase in preterm deliveries in mothers who were anemic in their third trimester. The incidence of low birth weight babies was significantly more in mothers who were anemic in their third trimester. Preterm deliveries occurred more frequently in mothers who were anemic in their second and third trimesters. Higher hemoglobin did not show any effect on either birth weight or gestation in our study. Anemia, Sickle Cell Treatment adherence and quality of life outcomes in patients with sickle cell disease. Al Jaouni, Soad K.; Al Muhayawi, Mohammad S.; Halawa, Taher F.; Al Mehayawi, Mutasem S. E-mail:dr. jaouni@gmail.com King Abdulaziz University Hospital - Faculty of Medicine - Hematology Department Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 261-265 (24 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Patient Compliance Abstract: To assess the health-related quality of life [HRQL] of patients with sickle cell disease [SCD] and to measure the impact of treatment adherence on disease complication, severity, crisis, and outcome. This was a cross-sectional study on patients with SCD who attended the Hematology Clinic at King Abdulaziz University Hospital from January 2009 to December 2011. We measured the primary outcome of health-related quality of life [HRQL] using the World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument [WHOQOL-BREF]. Data were collected and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Analysis of HRQL was carried out along the scoring of WHOQOL-BREF. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 6 One hundred fifteen patients completed the questionnaire. Eighty-seven patients [75.7%] had severe SCD, while 28 [24.3%] had mild disease. Patients with severe disease had a low HRQL [p=0.002]. Pain episodes were the main cause of hospitalization [n=59; 51.3%]. Thirty-six of patients [31.3%] who had pain episodes were on regular narcotics and had low HRQL scores [p=0.0001]. The HRQL scores significantly decreased as pain levels increased. Patients with delayed treatment or those who were not adherent to treatment showed worse HRQL scores [p=0.001]. Treatment adherence and early intervention in SCD improved HRQL outcomes. Anesthesia A patient of terson's syndrome for ocular surgery: Perianesthetic concerns. Khanna, Puneet; Baidya, Dalim Kumar; Garg, Rakesh; Shende, Dilip E-mail:k.punit@yahoo.com All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Department of anesthesiology and Intensive Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 93-95 (8 ref.) Keywords: Syndrome; Eye Hemorrhage; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Intracranial Hemorrhages Abstract: Terson's syndrome may be challenging for the anesthesiologist in view of its multisystem involvement including neurological, cardiovascular, and ophthalmological involvement. We describe anesthetic management of a 55-year-old male having Terson's syndrome for pars plana viterctomy. methods Clinical or technological evaluation of depth of anesthesia at induction time: a simple study for an easy message. Didier, Pean; Corinne, Lejus E-mail:didier.pean@chu-rantes.fr Hotel Dieu Hopital Mere Enfant - CHU De Nantes SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 1-2 (7 ref.) Keywords: Propofol; Anesthesia-adverse effects Clinical vs. bispectral index-guided propofol induction of anesthesia: a comparative study. Arya, Snehdeep; Asthana, Veena; Sharma, Jagdish P. Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences - Department of Anaesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 75-79 (25 ref.) Keywords: Propofol-therapeutic use; Consciousness Monitors; Propofol-administration and dosage Abstract: Clinically optimized focusing of drug administration to specific need of patient with bispectral index [BIS] monitoring results in reduced dose and faster recovery of consciousness. This study was planned with an aim to study and compare the conventional clinical end point or BIS on the requirement of dosage of propofol, hemodynamic effects, and BIS alterations following propofol induction. 70 patients, ASA I and II, 20-60 years undergoing elective surgical procedure under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation were selected and divided into two groups. Group A received [inj.] fentanyl [2 micro g/kg], followed 3 min later by inj. propofol at the rate of 30 mg/kg/hr infusion till the loss of response to verbal command while group B received inj. fentanyl [2 micro g/kg], followed 3 min later by inj. propofol at the rate of 30 mg/kg/hr infusion. The end point of hypnosis was when the BIS value was sustained for 1 min at 48 +/- 2. The patients were intubated. Total induction dose of propofol was noted in each group. The value of BIS and hemodynamic parameters [heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure] were noted at the time of loss of consciousness, at the time of intubation, and 1 min after intubation, thereafter every minute for first 10 min and thereafter every 10 min till end of surgery. Any involuntary muscle activity such as jerky movements, dystonic posturing, and opisthotonos were also recorded. The mean dose of propofol used in groups A and B were 1.85 +/- 0.48 mg/kg and 1.79 +/- 0.41 mg/kg, respectively. The dosage used in group B were less but not clinically significant [P=0.575]. On comparing the dosage of propofol in males among the groups there was a significantly lower dosage of propofol required in group B [2.06 +/- 0.45 mg/kg and 1.83 +/- 0.32 mg/kg, respectively, P=0.016]. This decrease however was not seen in female patients dosage being 1.65 +/- 0.44 mg/kg and 1.75 +/- 0.49 mg/kg, respectively [P=0.372]. The hemodynamic variables including heart rate, systolic/diastolic blood pressure and BIS were comparable within the group at induction, post-induction, and intubation. However, there was a significant increase in all the parameters at postintubation readings [P<0.001]. No significant difference in the induction dose of propofol was observed when assessed clinically [loss of verbal response] or by BIS monitoring. Traditional teaching to titrate the dose of propofol and depth of anesthesia during intubation by loss of verbal response is as good as BIS value monitoring. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 7 Anesthesia, Caudal Caudal epidural blockade in adolescents. Schloss, Brian; Jayanthi, Venkata R.; Bhalla, Tarun; Tobias, Joseph D. Nationwide Children's Hospital - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 57-60 (23 ref.) Keywords: Adolescent; Analgesia, Epidural; Pain, Postoperative Abstract: Various options are available for the provision of analgesia following major surgical procedures including systemic opioids and regional anesthetic techniques. Regional anesthetic techniques offer the advantage of providing analgesia while avoiding the deleterious adverse effects associated with opioids including nausea, vomiting, sedation and respiratory depression. Although used commonly in infants and children, there is a paucity of experience with the use of caudal epidural blockade in adolescents. We retrospectively reviewed the perioperative care of adolescents undergoing major urologic or orthopedic surgical procedures for whom a caudal epidural block was placed for postoperative analgesia. The cohort for the study included 5 adolescents, ranging in age from 13 to 18 years and in weight from 42 to 71 kilograms. Caudal epidural analgesia was accomplished after the induction of anesthesia and prior to the start of the surgical procedure using 20-25 mL of either 0.25% bupivacaine or 0.2% ropivacaine with clonidine [1 micro g/kg]. The patients denied pain the recovery room. The time to first request for analgesia varied from 12 to 18 hours with the patients requiring 1-3 doses of analgesic agents during the initial 24 postoperative hours. Our preliminary experience demonstrates the efficacy of caudal epidural block in providing analgesia following major urologic and orthopedic surgical procedures. The applications of this technique as a means of providing postoperative analgesia are discussed. Anesthesia, Epidural adverse effects Surgical removal of broken epidural catheter. Abouhashem, Safwat E-mail:drsam1974@gmail.com Zagazig University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Neurosurgery SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 96-98 (5 ref.) Keywords: Catheters-adverse effects; Surgical Procedures, Operative methods Successful lumbar epidural catheter placement through a lower back lipoma. Saied, Nahel N.; Helwani, Mohammad E-mail:saiedn@mac.com Vanderbilt University - Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 83-85 (17 ref.) Keywords: Catheterization; Catheters; Lumbosacral Region; Lipoma; Vascular Surgical Procedures; Lower Extremity- surgery Abstract: Structural abnormalities of the lumbar spine or the overlying structures may represent a relative contraindication or technical difficulty to neuraxial anesthesia. We report a case of successful epidural catheter placement through a lower back lipoma for vascular bypass surgery of the lower extremity. Anesthesia, Intravenous As an analgesic ketamine versus fentanyl for total intravenous anesthesia. Ezici, Musa; Bestas, Azize; Erhan, Omer Lutfi Special Osmaniye Sevgi Hospital - Departments of Anesthesiology and Reanimation SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 107-108 (4 ref.) Keywords: Ketamine-therapeutic use; Fentanyl-therapeutic use; Analgesics IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 8 Anesthesia, Spinal Spinal anesthesia for hernia surgery in a child with laryngomalacia. Pai, Rohini Bhat; Desai, Sameer; Rao, Raghavendra; Annigeri, Venkatesh E-mail:docpai@rediffmail.com SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital - Deparment of Anaesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 98-99 (5 ref.) Keywords: Herniorrhaphy; Infant; Laryngomalacia methods Low-dose spinal anesthesia for urgent laparotomy in severe myasthenia gravis. Rodriguez, Miguel Angel Palomero; Mencia, Teresa Perez; Alvarez, Felipe Villar; Baez, Yolanda Laporta; Perez, Gloria Maria Santos; Garcia, Andres Lopez E-mail:mapalomero@gmail.com Hospital de Madrid - Department of Anesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 90-92 (10 ref.) Keywords: Myasthenia Gravis-surgery; Laparotomy; Emergencies; Respiration, Artificial; Bupivacaine Abstract: Myasthenia gravis [MG] is an autoimmune disease with an incidence of 2-10/100,000 cases per year, characterized by muscle weakness secondary to destruction of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors. In these patients, important perioperative issues remain unresolved, namely, optimal administration of cholinesterase inhibitors, risks of regional anesthesia, and prediction of need of postoperative mechanical ventilation. We describe the use of a low-dose spinal anesthesia in a patient with MG who was submitted for emergence exploratory laparotomy. The utilization of low-dose spinal anesthesia allowed us to perform surgery with no adverse respiratory or cardiovascular events in this patient. Anesthetics, Local administration and dosage Safety of intraneural injection of local anesthetic. Eldawlatly, Abdelazeem; Al Rikabi, Ammar; Elmasry, Shady E-mail:dawtly2@yahoo.com King Saud University - College of Medicine - Department of Anesthesia SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 80-82 (23 ref.) Keywords: Anesthetics, Local-adverse effects; Peripheral Nerves Abstract: There is conflicting information in the literature regarding nerve damage following regional anesthesia. Intraneural injection of local anesthetic was described as a safe practice in regional anesthesia. This review focuses on the histopathological and functional assessment of peripheral nerve function following intraneural injection of local anesthetics. Ankle Brachial Index Ankle brachial index in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. Mohamed, Sheren M.; Elmazary, Abdelazem; Taha, Hany T. E-mail:sherenesammaher@yahoo.com El Minia University Hospital - Department of Pediatrics SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 88-92 (14 ref.) Keywords: Child; Nephrotic Syndrome-congenital Abstract: This study aimed to assess the ankle brachial index [ABI] as a predictor of peripheral arterial diseases [PAD] in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome [NS]. Twenty children [11 males and 9 females] attending the Pediatric Nephrology Outpatient Clinic of El-Minia University Hospital, Egypt, were enrolled in this study. Their age ranged between 5 and 15 years with a mean of 10.75 +/- 3.31 years. They had proteinuria and were dependent on steroid therapy. Twenty healthy age- and sex-matched children served as a control group. All patients and controls underwent a thorough history-taking and clinical examination. All subjects in the study underwent laboratory investigations, including a urine analysis [24-hour test for protein in urine, and levels of serum urea and creatinine, triglycerides, and cholesterol]. A renal biopsy was done to diagnose the children's histopathological type of NS. A Doppler study was done to determine patients' ABI. ABI was significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group [P <0.0001]. There was a negative correlation between ABI and duration of treatment [r value = 0.77 and P <0.001]. ABI is simple non-invasive manoeuvre that can reliably assess arterial stiffness as an early predictor of atherosclerosis in nephrotic patients with long duration of both illness and steroid therapy. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 9 Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use Assessing the overuse of antibiotics in children with URTIs in Saudi Arabia: development of the parental perception on antibiotics scale [PAPA scale] Alumran, Arwa; Hou, Xiang Yu; Hurst, Cameron E-mail:Arwaalumran@gmail.com Queensland University of Technology - College of Applied Medical Sciences - Health Information Management and Technology Department Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 3-10 (52 ref.) Keywords: Reproducibility of Results; Child; Respiratory System; Respiratory Tract Infections-drug therapy; Drug Utilization Abstract: Antibiotic overuse is influenced by several factors that can only be measured using a valid and reliable psychosocial measurement instrument. This study aims to establish translation and early stage validation of an instrument recently developed by this research team to measure factors influencing the overuse of antibiotics in children with upper respiratory tract infections in Saudi Arabia. The content evaluation panel was composed of area experts approached using the Delphi Technique. Experts were provided with the questionnaires iteratively, on a three- round basis until consensus on the relevance of items was reached independently. Translation was achieved by adapting Brislin's model of translation. After going through the iterative process with the experts, consensus was reached to 58 items [including demographics]. Experts also pointed out some issues related to ambiguity and redundancy in some items. A final Arabic version was produced from the translation process. This study produced preliminary validation of the developed instrument from the experts' contributions. Then, the instrument was translated from English to Arabic. The instrument will undergo further validation steps in the future, such as construct validity. Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal adverse effects Lower gastrointestinal bleeding due to non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug-induced colopathy case report and literature review. Mokhtare, Marjan; Valizadeh, Seyed Mohammad; Emadian, Omid Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Gastroenterology Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 107-111 (27 ref.) Keywords: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage-etiology; Review Literature as Topic Abstract: The adverse effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] on the upper gastrointestinal [GI] tract and small intestine are well established. The effect of such therapy on the large intestine, so called NSAID- induced colopathy, is less well described. NSAID-induced colopathy usually involves the right colon due to a higher concentration of the drug at this site, but the rectum may also be involved. NSAIDs possibly damage the normal large intestine, which presents as ulceration, colitis and stricture. Even though several studies found that NSAIDs can cause diverticular bleeding and perforation, flare-up of inflammatory bowel disease, and play a role as an etiologic factor in lymphocytic colitis. Inflammatory bowel diseases , malignancy and infectious colitis must be ruled out before establishing the diagnosis of NSAID -induced colopathy. Discontinuation of the offending drug is mandatory. Here, we have reported the case of a 43-year-old female, NSAID user due to low back pain, who was admitted to the hospital with painless hematochezia. Antitubercular Agents After 40 years, new medicine for combating TB. Mirsaeidi, Mehdi E-mail:mmirsae@uic.edu, golmeh@yahoo.com University of Illinois at Chicago - Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care - Department of Medicine M/C 719 International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 1-2 (14 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis; Quinolines; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 10 Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia diagnosis Clinico-radiological profile of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia at a tertiary care center: two year experience. Shaheen, Feroze; Iqbal, Khurshid; Hafeez, Imran; Choh, Naseer.A.; Tramboo, Nisar A.; Lone, Ajaz; Iqbal, Shamim; Ahmed, Wasim; Gupta, Amit E-mail:shaheengp64@rediffmail.com Shere-Kashmir-Institute of Medical Sciences [SKIMS] - Department of Radiology Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 79-84 (24 ref.) Keywords: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia-radiography; Heart Ventricles; Cardiomyopathies; Echocardiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abstract: Arrythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia [ARVD/C] refers to fibro fatty infiltration replacement of ventricular myocardium especially that of right ventricle. The clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic state to ventricular tachycardia, heart failure and even sudden death. Diagnosis is established using modified ARVD/C taskforce criteria. Among all the various modalities of diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] gives most comprehensive evaluation of both morphological and functional abnormalities in this disease. MRI may not only obviate need for myocardial biopsy but also give insights into the nature of disease like presence of left ventricular myocardial involvement. We present our 2 years experience of ARVD/C patents who were admitted in our center and in whom diagnosis of ARVD/C was supported by excellent MR imaging. This study was conducted by Department of Radiology and Cardiology SKIMS, a tertiary care center for a period of 2 years. Patients with suspected ARVD/C based on clinical, electrophysiological and echocardiographic findings were subjected to MR imaging. Patients were excluded if they had history metallic implants, claustrophobia or were uncooperative. In this study stress was laid on diagnostic role of MRI in ARVD/C. The median age at presentation was 31 years [range 21-43 years]. 80% of patients were males. Most common clinical presentation was palpatations [40%]. Syncope was present in 27% and heart failure in 13%. EKG suggestive of ARVD was seen in 87%. Echocardiographic features suggestive of ARVD/C was seen in all 15 patients. Family history of premature sudden death less than 35 years old was present in one patient only. MRI evidence classical for ARVD/C was seen in 80%. Demographic features and mode of presentation of our patients is consistent with what has been rest of the world. We performed MRI in all patients to increase the specificity of our diagnosis. MR imaging allows a three-dimensional evaluation of the right ventricle and provides the most important anatomic, functional, and morphologic criteria for diagnosis of ARVD/C within one single study. MR imaging appears to be the optimal imaging technique for detection and follow-up of clinically suspected ARVD/C. Artemisinins therapeutic use Dihydroartemisinin induces radiosensitivity in cervical cancer cells by modulating cell cycle progression. Luo, Judong; Chen, Xialin; Chen, Guanglie; Zhou, Xifa; Lu, Xujing; Ling, Yang; Zhang, Shuyu; Zhu, Wei; Cao, Jianping Soochow University - Medical College of Soochow University - Department of Radiation Medicine and Protection Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 254-260 (34 ref.) Keywords: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Cell Cycle; HeLa Cells; Radiation-Sensitizing Agents Abstract: To investigate the radiosensitizing effects of dihydroartemisinin [DHA] and its underlying mechanisms in cervical cancer cells. This experimental study was conducted between May 2009 and August 2012 in the School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China. HeLa and Siha cells were assigned as the control group and DHA as treated group. The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide [MTT] assay, clonogenic assay, cell cycle analysis, and apoptosis analysis were carried out in 2 cell lines of both groups. The inhibitory effect of DHA on the HeLa and Siha cell lines was dependent on both concentration and time. Dihydroartemisinin increased the radiosensitivity of HeLa cells, but not of Siha cells. Apoptosis and the gap2/mitosis [G2/M] phase transition induced by x-irradiation was enhanced by DHA treatment in HeLa cells. Irradiation, combined with DHA, decreased Wee1 expression while increasing Cyclin B1 expression in HeLa cells. Dihydroartemisinin potently abrogates G2 checkpoint control in HeLa cells. It can relieve the G2/M arrest induced by irradiation; thus, it can be used as an effective radiosensitizer, which will probably promote the entry of more irradiation-damaged cells into mitosis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 11 Ascites Spontaneous resolution of fetal and neonatal ascites after birth. Abdellatif, Mohamed; Alsinani, Siham; Al Balushi, Zenab; Al Dughaishi, Tamima; Abuanza, Mazen; Al Riyami, Nihal E-mail:molatif66@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Child Health SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 175-178 (17 ref.) Keywords: Infant, Newborn; Fetus; Prognosis Abstract: Fetal ascites is an uncommon abnormality usually reported in relation to nonimmunological causes. The prospect for fetal and neonatal mortality is high, particularly when the ascites develops before 24 weeks of gestation. The diminution of severe fetal ascites without intrauterine management, especially with an uncomplicated neonatal outcome, is unusual. We report a case of isolated fetal ascites detected at 20 weeks' gestation. All investigations carried out were normal. Consecutive ultrasound examination showed ascites at 20 weeks' gestation. A follow-up ultrasound examination at 6 months of age revealed complete recovery from the ascites. Spontaneous resolution of fetal ascites, with a good prognosis, can occur in cases with an idiopathic aetiology. Asthma diagnosis Is clinical judgment of asthma control adequate? A prospective survey in a tertiary hospital pulmonary clinic. Baddar, Sawsan; Jayakrishnan, B.; Al Rawas, Omar; George, Jojy; Al Zeedy, Khalfan Sultan Qaboos University - Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Medicine SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 63-68 (23 ref.) Keywords: Physicians; Practice Guideline; Disease Management; Asthma-therapy Abstract: Asthma control is often difficult to measure. The aim of this study was to compare physicians' personal clinical assessments of asthma control with the Global Initiative for Asthma [GINA] scoring. Physicians in the adult pulmonary clinics of a tertiary hospital in Oman first documented their subjective judgment of asthma control on 157 consecutive patients. Immediately after that and in the same proforma, they selected the individual components from the GINA asthma control table as applicable to each patient. The same classification of asthma control was achieved by physicians' clinical judgment and GINA classification in 106 cases [67.5%]. In the other 32.5% [n = 51], the degree of control by clinical judgment was one level higher than the GINA classification. The agreement was higher for the pulmonologists [72%] as compared to non-pulmonologists [47%; P = 0.009]. Physicians classified 76 patients [48.4%] as well-controlled by clinical judgment compared to 48 [30.6%] using GINA criteria [P <0.001]. Conversely, they classified 34 patients [21.7%] as uncontrolled as compared to 57 [36.3%] by GINA criteria [P <0.001]. In the 28 patients who were clinically judged as well-controlled but, by GINA criteria, were only partially controlled, low peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR] [46.7%] and limitation of activity [21.4%] were the most frequent parameters for downgrading the level of control. Using clinical judgment, physicians overestimated the level of asthma control and underestimated the uncontrolled disease. Since management decisions are based on the perceived level of control, this could potentially lead to under-treatment and therefore sub-optimal asthma control. economics The cost of asthma in Kuwait. Khadadah, Mousa E-mail:mousa@hsc.edu.kw Kuwait University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 87-91 (12 ref.) Keywords: Cost of Illness; Asthma-epidemiology Abstract: To evaluate the direct costs of treating asthma in Kuwait. Population figures were obtained from the 2005 census and projected to 2008. Treatment profiles were obtained from the Asthma Insights and Reality for the Gulf and Near East [AIRGNE] study. Asthma prevalence and unit cost estimates were based on results from a Delphi technique. These estimates were applied to the total Kuwaiti population aged 5 years and over to obtain the number of people diagnosed with asthma. The estimates from the Delphi exercise and the AIRGNE results were used to determine the number of asthma patients managed in government facilities. Direct drug costs were provided by the Ministry of Health. Treatment costs [Kuwaiti dinars, KD] were also calculated using the Delphi exercise and the AIRGNE data. The prevalence of asthma was estimated to be 15% of adults and 18% of children [93,923 adults; 70,158 children]. Of these, 84,530 [90%] adults and 58,932 [84.0%] children were estimated to be using government healthcare facilities. Inpatient visits accounted for the largest portion of total direct costs [43%], followed by emergency room visits [29%], outpatient visits [21%] and medications [7%]. The annual cost of treatment, excluding medications, was KD 29,946,776 [USD 107,076,063] for adults and KD 24,295,439 [USD 86,869,450] for children. Including medications, the total annual direct cost of asthma treatment was estimated to be over KD 58 million [USD 207 million]. Asthma costs Kuwait IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 12 a huge sum of money, though the estimates were conservative because only Kuwaiti nationals were included. Given the high medical expenditures associated with emergency room and inpatient visits, relative to lower medication costs, efforts should be focused on improving asthma control rather than reducing expenditure on procurement of medication. Atrial Fibrillation diagnosis What is the exact predictive role of preoperative white blood cell count for new-onset atrial fibrillation following open heart surgery? Mirhosseini, Seyed Jalil; Ali-Hassan-Sayegh, Sadegh; Forouzannia, Seyed Khalil E-mail:jalilmhl@yahoo.com Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences - Department of Cardiovascular Surgery SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 40-42 (9 ref.) Keywords: Leukocyte Count; Thoracic Surgery; Cardiac Surgical Procedures; Preoperative Care; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prospective Studies Abstract: Atrial fibrillation [AF] occurs in 30% patients on the second or third day post operation; therefore, it is the most prevalent and complicated arrhythmia after open heart surgery. White blood cell [WBC] count seems to be most significantly associated with cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to evaluate the exact relationship between preoperative WBC count and post-Coronary artery bypass graft [CABG] AF in patients with severe left ventricle [LV] dysfunction who underwent elective off-pump coronary artery bypass. This study was conducted on 104 patients from among 400 patients with severe LV dysfunction undergoing elective off-pump CABG surgery from February 2011 to February 2012, in Afshar Cardiovascular Center, Yazd, Iran. Patients with emergency surgery, unstable angina creatinine higher than 2.0 mg/dL, malignancy, or immunosuppressive disease were excluded. Preoperative serological tests of the participants, such as WBC counts, were saved in their medical dossiers. Of the 400 patients undergoing CABG, AF was found in 54 cases; these 54 male patients formed the experimental group and 60 other patients in the intensive care unit [ICU] and hospital stay without postoperative AF were part of the control group. The average age of the patients was 68.5 +/- 12.8 years. WBC counts in patients with and without AF three days before surgery were 12,340 +/- 155 and 8,950 +/- 170, respectively. On surgical day, WBC counts in the patients with and without AF were 13,188 +/- 140 and 9,145 +/- 255, respectively [P value three days before surgery: 0.04; P value on surgical day: 0.01]. Of the 54 male patients with postoperative AF [POAF], duration of AF was more in cases with elevated WBC count [12,000-14,000] than in those with lower elevated WBC count [10,000-12,000] [P=0.025], but there was no relationship between frequency of recurrence of AF and grading of elevation of WBC count [P=0.81]. These findings show that three days before surgery and on surgery day, there was a difference in WBC count between both groups. So, preoperative WBC count may predict the incidence and duration of AF; however, it cannot be a predictor of the frequency of recurrence of AF. Finally, WBC count is an independent marker for POAF and duration of AF. Attitude to Health Correlates of health attitudes among homosexual and bisexual men. Gust, Deborah A.; Shinde, Sanjyot; Pals, Sherri L.; Hardnett, Felicia; Chen, Robert T.; Sanchez, Travis E-mail: dgust@cdc.gov Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 31-39 (37 ref.) Keywords: Homosexuality, Male; Health Literacy; Health Personnel; Motivation Abstract: There is increased emphasis on physician attention to the overall health and wellness of homosexual and bisexual men, though little is known about the health-related attitudes of these groups. This study determined factors associated with the health attitudes of homosexual and bisexual men and identified preferred sources of health information. For this study, the 2008 Consumer Styles panel survey was used to create three health attitude scales and to determine factors associated with each scale. The three scales were labeled: [1] health motivation; [2] relationship with health care provider; and [3] self-perception of health literacy. In addition to other factors, higher scores for health motivation and relationship with health care provider were associated with black compared with white men. In contrast, lower scores for self-perception of health literacy were associated with black compared with white men. For information on an unfamiliar health condition, most homosexual and bisexual men chose the Internet. Black homosexual and bisexual men reported being motivated to be healthy and working well with their health care provider to manage their health. However, their perception of their own health motivation was low compared with the white men. Attempts to improve health literacy through Internet sites may be helpful in improving health attitudes and reducing negative health outcomes. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 13 Bariatric Surgery Equal ratio ventilation [1:1] improves arterial oxygenation during laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a crossover study. Mousa, Wesam Farid University of Dammam - College of Medicine - Department of Anesthesia and Surgical ICU SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 9-13 (28 ref.) Keywords: Laparoscopy; Pulmonary Ventilation; Inhalation; Cross-Over Studies; Hemodynamics Abstract: Hypoxaemia and high peak airway pressure [Ppeak] are common anesthetic problems during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. Several publications have reported the successful improvement in arterial oxygenation using positive end expiratory pressure and alveolar recruitment maneuver, however, high peak airway pressure during laparoscopic bariatric surgery may limit the use of both techniques. This study was designed to determine whether equal I:E [inspiratory-to-expiratory] ratio ventilation [1:1] improves arterial oxygenation with parallel decrease in the Ppeak values. Thirty patients with a body mass index >/= 40 kg/m[2] scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery were randomized, after creation of pneumoperitoneum, to receive I:E ratio either 1:1 [group 1, 15 patients] or 1:2 [group 2, 15 patients]. After a stabilization period of 30 min, patients were crossed over to the other studied I:E ratio. Ppeak, mean airway pressure [Pmean], dynamic compliance [Cdyn], arterial blood gases and hemodynamic data were collected at the end of each stabilization period. Ventilation with I: E ratio of 1:1 significantly increased partial pressure of O[2] in the arterial blood [PaO[2]], Pmean and Cdyn with concomitant significant decrease in Ppeak compared to ventilation with I: E ratio of 1:2. There were no statistical differences between the two groups regarding the mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, end tidal CO[2] or partial pressure of CO[2] in the arterial blood. Equal ratio ventilation [1:1] is an effective technique in increase PaO[2] during laparoscopic bariatric surgery. It increases Pmean and Cdyn while decreasing Ppeak without adverse respiratory or hemodynamic effects. BCG Vaccine administration and dosage Extracellular forms of Mycobacterium bovis BCG in the mucosal lymphatic tissues following oral vaccination. Czepluch, Wenzel; Dunn, Amy C.; Everitt, Charlotte L.; Dorer, Dominik; Saunderson, Sarah C.; Aldwell, Frank E.; McLellan, Alexander D. University of Otago - Otago School of Medical Sciences - Department of Microbiology and Immunology International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 44-50 (24 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis-prevention and control; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycobacterium bovis; Immunity, Cellular; Lymphoid Tissue; Tuberculosis Vaccines Abstract: Oral vaccination with BCG provides protective systemic immunity against pathogenic mycobacterial challenge. In this study, the anatomical distribution of Mycobacterium bovis BCG following oral vaccination was investigated. Replicating bacteria in the Peyer's patches and mesenteric lymph nodes were present as solitary rods or clusters of two to three bacteria, the majority of which were isolated ex vivo as extracellular forms. Only a minority were shown to be associated with typical antigen-presenting cells. Acid-fast staining of mast cell granules in lymphoid tissues revealed a potential pitfall for these analyses and may explain previous reports of acid-fast 'coccoid' forms of mycobacteria in tissues. Bile Acids and Salts Salt intake in Eastern Saudi Arabia. Alkhunaizi, A.M.; AlJishi, H.A.; AlSodah, Z.A. E-mail:aalkhunaizi@hotmail.com Dhahran Health Centre - Internal Medicine Services Division - Nephrology Section EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 915-918 (24 ref.) Abstract: High salt intake has been associated with adverse side-effects such as hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The amount of salt intake among the population of Saudi Arabia is not known. The objective of this study was to estimate the salt intake among residents of the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia by measuring 24-hour urinary sodium excretion. Urine samples were collected from 130 individuals aged over 14 years for measurement of levels of sodium and other electrolytes. A total of 87 samples met the criteria for accuracy and were analysed. Total mean 24-hour sodium excretion for the group was 140 [SD 49] mEq [153 [SD 52] mEq for males and 118 [SD 37] mEq for females]. These values exceed the recommended daily intake of sodium and may contribute to the risk of developing hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Saudi Arabia. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 14 Birth Weight Determinants of stunting in school-aged children of Tehran, Iran. Esfarjani, Fatemeh; Roustaee, Roshanak; Mohammadi, Fatemeh; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute - Department of Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 173-179 (42 ref.) Keywords: Schools; Child; Population; Breast Feeding; Case-Control Studies; Maternal Age Abstract: Limited data are available indicating associates of stunting among Iranian children. This study was conducted to investigate determinants of stunting in first grade primary school children of Tehran in 2007. In this case- control study, 3147 school children were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method from 5 districts of Tehran. Anthropometric measurements were done and stunting was defined as height for age less than the 5[th] percentile of CDC2000 cut-off points. Eighty six stunted children were identified and considered as case group. After matching for age, sex and residence area, 308 non-stunted children were randomly selected as control group. Required data were collected by trained nutritionists using questionnaires. Stunting was prevalent among 3.7% of the study population [girls 4.4% vs. boys 2.8%, P < 0.05]. Mean age of the studied children was 82.3 month. Children with a birth weight of >3000 g were less likely to be stunted [OR: 0.25: 95% CI: 0.11-0.54] compared with those with a birth weight of <3000 g. Being born to older mothers [>35 years] was associated with greater odds of being stunted [3.01; 1.19-7.60] compared with being born to younger mothers [<35 years]. Those with fathers' height of >160 cm were less likely to be stunted [0.04; 0.005-0.37] than those whose fathers' height was less than 160 cm. We found that birth weight, maternal age and fathers' height are the major contributing factors to stunting in this group of Iranian children. Taking into account the determinants of stunting might help policy makers designing appropriate interventions. Brachial Plexus Neuritis Parsonage-turner syndrome after interscalene block for diagnostic arthroscopic surgery of shoulder joint. Chauhan, Gaurav; Gupta, Kapil; Nayar, Pavan E-mail:gaurav17783@rediffmail.com Safdarjang Hospital - Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 104-105 (6 ref.) Keywords: Arthroscopy; Shoulder Joint-surgery; Anesthesia Brucellosis complications Author response. Bayhan, Gulsum Iclal; Tanir, Gonul Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Centre - Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 898-899 (19 ref.) Keywords: Tics-etiology; Cough-drug therapy; Cough-etiology; Nervous System Diseases-complications Bupivacaine therapeutic use Randomized double blind trial of intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine and morphine for pain relief after laparoscopic gynecological surgeries. Butala, Bina P.; Shah, Veena R.; Nived, K. Smt. K. M. Mehta and Smt. G. R. Doshi Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Center - Dr. H. L. Trivedi Institute of Transplantation Sciences - Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 18-23 (13 ref.) Keywords: Injections, Intraperitoneal; Pain, Postoperative-therapy; Bupivacaine-administration and dosage; Morphine- administration and dosage; Morphine-therapeutic use; Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; Laparoscopy; Double-Blind Method; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 15 Abstract: Intraperitoneal injection of anesthetic has been proposed to minimize postoperative pain after laparoscopic surgery. So a randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of intraperitoneal bupivacaine with or without morphine for postoperative analgesia after laparoscopic gynecological surgeries. A total of 90 ASA I and II female patients scheduled for laparoscopic gynecological procedures were enrolled in the randomized double blind prospective study. The drug was injected intraperitoneally before the removal of trocar at the end of surgery. In group BM [n=30]: 0.25% bupivacaine 30 ml + 2 mg morphine, in group BO [n=30] 30 ml 0.25% bupivacaine and in group C [n=30] 30 ml of saline was injected intraperitoneally. Postoperative quality of analgesia was assessed by VAS [0-100], for 24 hours and when VAS >40, rescue analgesic was administered. Total dose of rescue analgesia and side effects were noted. Intraperitoneal instillation of bupivacaine and morphine significantly reduces immediate postoperative pain [VAS: 23.33 +/- 6.04 vs. 45.5 +/- 8.57]. It also reduces pain at 4 hours after surgery in the BM group [VAS 24 +/- 12.13 vs. 41.17 +/- 7.27 in the BO group]. The time of administration of first rescue analgesic was significantly higher in the BM group [6.15 hours] compared to the BO group [4.51 hours]. The total dosage of rescue analgesic was more in the BO and C groups compared to the BM group. Addition of morphine to local anesthetic significantly prolonged the time to first rescue analgesic requirement and the total consumption of rescue analgesic in 24 hours without any significant increase in adverse events. Cadherins analysis Expression of N-cadherin in salivary gland tumors. Kehagias, N.; Epivatianos, A.; Sakas, L.; Andreadis, D.; Markopoulos, A.; Antoniades, K. Aristotle University of Thessaloniki - Dental School - Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 59-64 (30 ref.) Keywords: Immunohistochemistry; Salivary Gland Neoplasms-pathology; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition Abstract: To detect immunohistochemically the N-cadherin expression in different types of benign and malignant salivary gland tumors in an attempt to note any possible correlation to their development, stage and invasive properties. N-cadherin expression was examined in tissue specimens from 49 salivary gland tumors including: pleomorphic adenomas [4], Warthin's tumors [10], and myoepitheliomas [4] [benign tumors], as well as adenoid cystic carcinomas [14], mucoepidermoid carcinomas [4], polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas [6], and adenocarcinomas not otherwise specified [5] [malignant tumors]. Twelve specimens of normal salivary glands were used as control. The perineural invasion and stage of malignant salivary gland tumors were evaluated. Immunohistochemical procedure was performed automatically using the Bond Polymer Refine Detection Kit. N- cadherin expression was not found in normal salivary glands. In benign salivary gland tumors, N-cadherin along membranes of neoplastic cells as well as in centrocytes of lymphoid germinal centers was seen in 1 and 4 cases of Warthin's tumors, respectively. Varied degree of N-cadherin expression was found in 13 [45%] cases of malignant salivary gland tumors. N-cadherin expression was significantly correlated with perineural invasion [X[2] = 11.7, p < 0.0001], but not with stage of malignant salivary gland tumors. N-cadherin expression was observed in malignant salivary gland tumors and could be an indicator of potentially aggressive behavior. N-cadherin expression by tumor cells could be attributed to perineural invasion. Celiac Disease blood The concentration of serum zinc in celiac patients compared to healthy subjects in Tehran. Fathi, Fariba; Ektefa, Fatemeh; Tafazzoli, Mohsen; Rostami, Kamran; Nejad, Mohammad Rostami; Fathi, Mohsen; Rezaei Tavirani, Mostafa; Oskouie, Afsaneh Arefi; Zali, Mohammad Reza Sharif University of Technology - Department of Chemistry Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 92-95 (16 ref.) Keywords: Zinc-blood; Spectrophotometry, Atomic Abstract: This study evaluated serum levels of zinc in patient with CD compare to healthy subjects. Celiac disease [CD] is characterized by small intestinal malabsorption of nutrients as a consequence of ingestion of wheat gluten. Zinc is an essential trace element that it has vital biological functions. Sera of 30 celiac cases and 30 healthy normal cohorts as control group were obtained. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer was employed for estimating serum zinc level. Zinc concentrations in patients diagnosed with CD were significantly lower than healthy subjects [75.97 +/- 12 compared with 92.83 +/- 18, P-value < 0.0001]. The result of this study shows that serum zinc concentration is decreased in celiac patients compare to healthy controls. Serum zinc may thus be a marker of CD in adults presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 16 Child Abuse psychology Emotional abuse among children: a study in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Elarousy, W.; Al Jadaani, M. E-mail:wafaaelarousy@hotmail.com King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science - College of Nursing EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 869-875 (17 ref.) Keywords: Emotions; Parent-Child Relations; Prevalence; Questionnaires; Socioeconomic Factors Abstract: Emotional abuse is the most hidden and underestimated form of child maltreatment. We report an exploratory study in Saudi Arabia of the rate and types of emotional abuse among children and its association with selected variables. A convenience sample of 60 children aged 12-18 years was recruited from 3 malls in Jeddah. A specially designed, self-administered questionnaire was completed in confidence by the children with the consent of parents. Overall 90% of participants reported at least 1 form of rejecting emotional abuse and 61.7% at least 1 form of ignoring or terrorizing types of abuse. Chronic illness among parents was significantly positively correlated with terrorizing emotional abuse. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between mothers' relationship with the child and ignoring and terrorizing types of emotional abuse. Further research is needed about the community prevalence, correlates and consequences of child emotional abuse in Saudi Arabia. Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic Intraperitoneal hydrocortisone for pain relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Sarvestani, Amene S.; Amini, Shahram; Kalhor, Mohsen; Roshanravan, Reza; Mohammadi, Mehdi; Lebaschi, Amir Hussein Zahedan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Surgery SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 14-17 (30 ref.) Keywords: Hydrocortisone-therapeutic use; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Pain, Postoperative-therapy; Hydrocortisone- administration and dosage Abstract: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with shorter hospital stay and less pain in comparison to open surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of intraperitoneal hydrocortisone on pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Sixty two patients were enrolled in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Patients randomly received intraperitoneal instillation of either 250 ml normal saline [n=31] or 100 mg hydrocortisone in 250 ml normal saline [n=31] before insufflation of CO[2] into the peritoneum. Abdominal and shoulder pain were evaluated using VAS after surgery and at 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively. The patients were also followed for postoperative analgesic requirements, nausea and vomiting, and return of bowel function. Sixty patients completed the study. Patients in the hydrocortisone group had significantly lower abdominal and shoulder pain scores [10.95 vs 12.95; P<0.01]. The patients were similar regarding analgesic requirements in the recovery room. However, those in the hydrocortisone group required less meperidine than the saline group [151.66 [+/- 49.9] mg vs 61.66 [+/- 38.69] mg; P=0.00]. The patients were similar with respect to return of bowel function, nausea and vomiting. No adverse reaction was observed in either group. Intraperitoneal administration of hydrocortisone can significantly decrease pain and analgesic requirements after laparoscopic cholecystectomy with no adverse effects. Cholecystitis diagnosis Differential diagnosis and treatment options for xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis. Yunfeng, Cui; Hongtao, Zhang; Erpeng, Zhao; Naiqiang, Cui; Zhonglian, Li E-mail:zhonglianli@yeah.net Tianjin Medical University - Nankai Clinical School of Medicine - Department of Surgery Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 18-23 (24 ref.) Keywords: Cholecystitis-surgery; Xanthomatosis-surgery; Xanthomatosis-diagnosis; Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; Tumor Markers, Biological; Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; Diagnosis, Differential Abstract: To describe the differential diagnosis and treatment options for xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis [XGC], the presentations and management of 68 patients were described. Demographical and clinical data from 68 cases of XGC treated between January 2004 and January 2010 were analyzed. Clinical characteristics, radiological and surgical findings, histopathological features and postoperative recoveries were recorded. Clinical features of laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus open surgery and XGC versus gallbladder [GB] cancer were compared. The CA19-9 levels of XGC and coexisting GB cancer were significantly different [p = 0.0034]. In radiological findings, focal thickening of the GB wall was more frequent in coexisting GB cancer, early enhancement of the GB was observed more often in coexisting GB cancer, and lymph node enlargement was seen more often in coexisting GB cancer [p < IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 17 0.05]. There were also significant differences between laparoscopic and open surgery for CA19-9, intramural hypoattenuated nodule, pericholecystic invasion, lymph node enlargement and maximum thickness, focal thickening, heterogeneous enhancement and early enhancement of the GB wall [p < 0.05]. These findings were confirmed by multivariate analysis. Ultrasound, computed tomography scan and intraoperative frozen section were the helpful modalities for XGC diagnosis. CA19-9 [>37 kU/l], pericholecystic invasion, lymph node enlargement [>10 mm], and focal thickening and early enhancement of the GB wall were the criteria for open surgery. In some selected cases, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was preferable. Colitis, Ulcerative diagnosis Diagnostic value of fecal calprotectin in patient with ulcerative colitis. Zamani, Hamed; Barzin, Gilda; Yousefinia, Mahsa; Mohammadkhani, Ashraf; Ostovaneh, Mohammad Reza; Sharifi, Amir Houshang; Tayebi, Sirous; Malekzadeh, Reza; Ansari, Reza Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Digestive Diseases Research Center Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 76-80 (26 ref.) Keywords: Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex-analysis; Feces; Colonoscopy Abstract: Ulcerative colitis [UC] is characterized by recurrent episodes of inflammation limited to the mucosal layer of the colon. Calprotectin is a zinc and calcium binding protein derived from neutrophils and monocytes. It is easily detectable in tissue samples, body fluids, and stools, which makes it a potentially valuable marker of inflammation. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the value of fecal calprotectin [FC] as a marker of disease activity in patients with UC. Seventy three eligible subjects underwent ileocolonoscopy and multiple biopsies were obtained from different parts of the colon and terminal ileum. All patients underwent blood and stool sampling as well as an interview to assess the disease severity utilizing ulcerative colitis activity index [UCAI], subjectively. The diagnostic value of the FC in comparison with Mayo disease activity index as the gold standard technique, was then evaluated. Mean FC level increased linearly according to Mayo disease activity index [r=0.44, p<0.001] and was significantly different between levels of Mayo disease activity index [p=0.003]. In multivariate analysis, Mayo disease activity index, positive CRP and ESR were associated with FC level. FC level > 21.4 ng/ml was able to discriminate between active and inactive phases of UC according to Mayo disease activity index>2 with 72.3% sensitivity and 73.1% specificity. The combination of FC > 21.4 ng/ml and UCAI score of 7 had a 46.8% sensitivity and 88% specificity to diagnose Mayo disease activity index >2. Furthermore, FC level <21.4 ng/ml in combination with UCAI score of <3 showed a highly considerable specificity of 98% to discriminate the remission phase of UC [Mayo disease activity index <2], although with a low sensitivity [31%]. FC appears to be a non-invasive biomarker with moderate accuracy to discriminate the active phase of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. The value of FC especially in combination with UCAI is highly considerable to rule out the Mayo disease activity index >2. Colorectal Neoplasms genetics Association of co-stimulatory human B-lymphocyte antigen B7-2 [CD86] gene polymorphism with colorectal cancer risk. Azimzadeh, Pedram; Romani, Sara; Mirtalebi, Hanieh; Fatemi, Seyed Reza; Kazemian, Shabnam; Khanyaghma, Mahsa; Mohebbi, Seyed Reza Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 86-91 (21 ref.) Keywords: Antigens, CD86; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Case-Control Studies; B- Lymphocytes Abstract: This study investigated the role of CD86 +237 G/C polymorphism in intensifying the risk of CRC development. Colorectal cancer [CRC] is a multi-factorial diseases. Genetic background could affect the susceptibility of individuals to CRC development. CD86 is a co-stimulatory factor on antigen-presenting cells that plays key roles in several cancer related mechanisms such as autoimmunity, transplantation and tumor immunity. A total of 300 individuals, 150 known CRC patients and 150 healthy control individuals, were subjected for the study. CD86 rs17281995 single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] was genotyped using Allelic Discrimination method. A statistically significant difference was found among CD86 gene polymorphism [rs17281995] and risk of CRC development. The frequency of GG, GC and CC in control subjects was determined as 38%, 57.3% and 4.7% respectively and in CRC subjects were determined as 42%, 85% and 23% respectively. The data shows a significant association between CC genotype [P=0.007] and C allele [P=0.017] of the studied polymorphism and risk of CRC. CC genotype and C allele are also more frequent in female patients when the data is stratified according to gender status. Our results suggest that CD86 gene alteration could affect the individual's risk for developing CRC among Iranian population and could be used as an important prognostic factor associated with risk of CRC. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 18 XPD gene polymorphism and colorectal cancer risk. Kashfi, Seyed Mohammad Hossein; Mojarad, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini; Haghighi, Mahdi Montazer Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 110-111 (10 ref.) Keywords: Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Polymorphism, Genetic; Early Detection of Cancer Communicable Disease Control statistics and numerical data Communicable diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: prevention and control 2010- 2011. Haq, Z.; Mahjour, J.; Khan, W. E-mail:drzaeem@hotmail.com University of South Carolina - Arnold School of Public Health EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 888-891 (5 ref.) Keywords: Communicable Diseases-epidemiology; Vaccination; Mediterranean Region; Residence Characteristics; Disease Outbreaks Abstract: One-third of all morbidities and mortalities in the Eastern Mediterranean Region are attributed to communicable diseases. A continued situation of war and conflict, and growing political unrest in the Region, coupled with factors such as travel and migration, and insufficient infrastructure and inadequate technical and managerial capacity of the programmes are the major challenges. Despite these challenges, the Region continued making progress towards the elimination of specific diseases such as lymphatic filariasis, measles, malaria, schistosomiasis and dracunculiasis during 2010-11. Coverage for vaccine-preventable diseases was enhanced. Preparedness and response to emerging [e.g. dengue fever in Pakistan and Yemen] and re-emerging [e.g. cholera in Sudan] infections was improved. The Region has continued its efforts for controlling tuberculosis and curbing HIV/AIDS. Looking ahead, the Region aims to improve surveillance and response capacities, legislation issues, coordination, bio-risk and bio- security and quality management in the coming years. Communicable Diseases epidemiology Factors influencing the seasonal patterns of infectious diseases. Fares, Auda E-mail:audafares@yahoo.com S. Johannes Hospital - Department of Internal Medicine IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 128-132 (26 ref.) Keywords: Seasons; Immune System; Vitamin D; Melatonin Abstract: The recognition of seasonal patterns in infectious disease occurrence dates back at least as far as the hippocratic era, but the mechanisms underlying these fluctuations remain poorly understood. Many classes of mechanistic hypotheses have been proposed to explain seasonality of various directly transmitted diseases, including at least the following; human activity, seasonal variability in human immune system function, seasonal variations in vitamin D levels, seasonality of melatonin, and pathogen infectivity. In this short paper will briefly discuss the role of these factors in the seasonal patterns of infectious diseases. Community Mental Health Services Arabic version of the Global Mental Health Assessment Tool-Primary Care version [GMHAT/PC]: a validity and feasibility study. Sharma, V.K.; Durrani, S.; Sawa, M.; Copeland, J.R.M.; Abou Saleh, M.T.; Lane, S.; Lepping, P. E-mail:v. sharma@chester.ac.uk; v.k.sharma@liv.ac.uk University of Chester - Faculty of Health and Social Care EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 905-908 (12 ref.) Keywords: Mental Disorders-diagnosis; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted-nursing; Feasibility Studies; Reproducibility of Results; Mediterranean Region; Mental Health Services; International Classification of Diseases; Sensitivity and Specificity; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Abstract: Mental health services are far from satisfactory in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. The Global Mental Health Assessment Tool-Primary Care version [GMHAT/PC] is a semi-structured, computerized clinical assessment tool that was developed to assist health workers in making quick, convenient and comprehensive standardized mental IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 19 health assessments. A study was carried out in the United Arab Emirates to evaluate the validity and feasibility of the Arabic version of the GMHAT/PC. Mental health nurses administered the GMHAT/PC Arabic version to 50 patients in mental health and rehabilitation settings and their GMHAT/PC diagnosis was compared with the psychiatrist's independent ICD-10 based clinical diagnosis on the same patients. The nurses found GMHAT/PC easy to administer in an average of 16 minutes. The GMHAT/PC-based diagnosis had a good agreement with the psychiatrist's diagnosis [kappa = 0.91] and a high sensitivity [97%] and specificity [94%]. Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array-based identification of copy number changes in a diagnostic setting. Simultaneous gene- focused and low resolution whole human genome analysis. Marquis Nicholson, Renate; Doherty, Elaine; Love, Jennifer M.; Lan, Chuan Ching; George, Alice M.; Thrush, Anthony; Love, Donald R. University of Auckland - LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital - Diagnostic Genetics SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 69-79 (25 ref.) Keywords: DNA Copy Number Variations; Genome, Human; Gene Dosage; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques Abstract: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a comparative genomic hybridisation [CGH] array that would allow simultaneous targeted analysis of a panel of disease genes and low resolution whole genome analysis. A bespoke Roche NimbleGen 12x135K CGH array [Roche NimbleGen Inc., Madison, Wisconsin, USA] was designed to interrogate the coding regions of 66 genes of interest, with additional widelyspaced backbone probes providing coverage across the whole genome. We analysed genomic deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] from 20 patients with a range of previously characterised copy number changes and from 8 patients who had not previously undergone any form of dosage analysis. The custom-designed Roche NimbleGen CGH array was able to detect known copy number changes in all 20 patients. A molecular diagnosis was also made for one of the additional 4 patients with a clinical diagnosis that had not been confirmed by sequence analysis, and carrier testing for familial copy number variants was successfully completed for the remaining four patients. The custom-designed CGH array described here is ideally suited for use in a small diagnostic laboratory. The method is robust, accurate, and cost-effective, and offers an ideal alternative to more conventional targeted assays such as multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Conscious Sedation methods A randomized controlled trial to compare fentanyl-propofol and ketamine-propofol combination for procedural sedation and analgesia in laparoscopic tubal ligation. Singh, Ranju; Ghazanwy, Mahmood; Vajifdar, Homay E-mail:ranjusingh1503@yahoo.com Lady Hardinge Medical College - Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 24-28 (10 ref.) Keywords: Analgesia-methods; Fentanyl-administration and dosage; Fentanyl-therapeutic use; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Ketamine-administration and dosage; Ketamine-therapeutic use; Propofol-administration and dosage; Propofol-therapeutic use; Drug Therapy, Combination; Laparoscopy; Sterilization, Tubal-methods Abstract: Procedural sedation and analgesia is widely being used for female laparoscopic sterilization using combinations of different drugs at varying doses. This study compared the combination of fentanyl and propofol, and ketamine and propofol in patients undergoing outpatient laparoscopic tubal ligation, with respect to their hemodynamic effects, postoperative recovery characteristics, duration of hospital stay, adverse effects, and patient comfort and acceptability. Randomized, double blind. Patients were assigned to receive premixed injection of either fentanyl 1.5 micro g/kg + propofol 2 mg/kg [Group PF, n=50] or ketamine 0.5 mg/kg + propofol 2 mg/kg [Group PK, n=50]. Hemodynamic data, peripheral oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate were recorded perioperatively. Recovery time, time to discharge, and comfort score were noted. Chi-square [[2]] test was used for categorical data. Student's t-test was used for quantitative variables for comparison between the two groups. For intragroup comparison, paired t-test was used. SPSS 14.0 was used for analysis. Although the heart rate was comparable, blood pressures were consistently higher in group PK. Postoperative nausea and vomiting and delay in voiding were more frequent in group PK [P<0.05]. The time to reach Aldrete score >/= 8 was significantly longer in group PK [11.14 +/- 3.29 min in group PF vs. 17.3 +/- 6.32 min in group PK, P<0.01]. The time to discharge was significantly longer in group PK [105.8 +/- 13.07 min in group PF vs.138.18 +/- 13.20 min in group PK, P<0.01]. Patient comfort and acceptability was better in group PF, P<0.01]. As compared to ketamine-propofol, fentanyl-propofol combination is associated with faster recovery, earlier discharge, and better patient acceptability. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 20 Cornea pathology Protocolized eye care prevents corneal complications in ventilated patients in a medical intensive care unit. Azfar, Mohammad Feroz; Khan, Muhammad Faisal; Alzeer, Abdulaziz H. King Saud University - King Khalid University Hospital - Department of Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 33-36 (11 ref.) Keywords: Corneal Diseases; Respiration, Artificial-adverse effects; Intensive Care Units; Eye; Clinical Protocols Abstract: Eye care is an essential component in the management of critically ill patients. Standardized eye care can prevent corneal complications in ventilated patients. This study was designed to compare old and new practices of corneal care for reduction in corneal complications in ventilated patients. This study was done in three phases each of six month duration. Phase 1 was the ongoing practice of eye care in the unit. Before the start of phase 2, a new protocol was made for eye care. Corneal complications were observed in terms of haziness, dryness, and ulceration. All nursing staffs were educated and made compliant with the new protocol. In phase 2, a follow-up audit was done to check the effectiveness and compliance to protocol. In phase 3, a follow-up audit was started 3 months after phase 2. In phase 1, total ventilated patients were 40 with 240 ventilator days. The corneal dryness rate was 40 per 1000 ventilator days while the haziness and ulceration rate was 16 per 1000 ventilator days each. In the second phase 2, total ventilated patients were 53 making 561 ventilator days. The rate of corneal haziness and dryness was 3.52 and 1.78 per 1000 ventilator days, respectively, with no case of corneal ulceration. In phase 3, the number of ventilated patients was 91 with 1114 ventilator days. The corneal dryness rate was 2.69 while the haziness and ulceration rate was 1.79 each. Protocolized eye care can reduce the risk of corneal complications in ventilated patients. Coronary Artery Disease congenital Successful surgical treatment of a septuagenarian with anomalous right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery with an eleven year follow-up. Case report and review of literature. Kuba, Paresh Kumar; Sharma, Jasvinder; Sharma, Ashok Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Surgery SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 169-174 (22 ref.) Keywords: Coronary Vessels; Coronary Angiography; Coronary Circulation; Pulmonary Artery-abnormalities; Aged; Review Literature as Topic Abstract: An anomalous origin of the right coronary artery from the pulmonary artery [ARCAPA] is a very rare coronary artery anomaly with only 98 cases reported in literature till date. We report the oldest surgically treated patient and the fourth ever septuagenarian with this anomaly diagnosed ante-mortem with an eleven year follow up. The literature on this anomaly was reviewed and discussed to highlight the clinical implications. Craniocerebral Trauma Tuberous sclerosis with head injury. Mitra, Ranadhir; Goyal, Keshav; Rajagopalan, Vanitha; Gupta, Priyanka; Sokhal, Navdeep Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre - Department of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 101-102 (8 ref.) Keywords: Tuberous Sclerosis-diagnosis; Epilepsy; Anticonvulsants IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 21 Crohn Disease complications Crohn's disease of the small bowel, complicated by primary biliary cirrhosis, Hashimoto thyroiditis, and Raynaud's phenomenon: favorable response of all disorders to adalimumab treatment. Triantafillidis, John K.; Durakis, Spyros; Merikas, Emmanuel E-mail:jktrian@gmail.com "Saint Panteleimon" General Hospital - Department of Gastroenterology Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 101-105 (18 ref.) Keywords: Intestine, Small; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary; Crohn Disease-diagnosis; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Hashimoto Disease; Raynaud Disease Abstract: We describe the case of a male patient suffering from long-lasting Crohn's disease of the small bowel who developed thyroiditis Hassimoto, Raynaud's phenomenon, and primary biliary cirrhosis, during the course of the underlying bowel disease. It is not clear whether these co-morbidities appeared coincidentally, or because they share some common immunopathogenetic mechanisms. In this patient, Crohn's disease favorably responded to the treatment with an anti-TNF-alpha agent [adalimumab]. The serum titers of antimitochondrial antibodies and cholestatic enzymes considerably reduced during the 3-year treatment with the biologic agent. Raynaud's phenomenon, also, completely disappeared. Bearing in mind the possible involvement of TNF- alpha in the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis, it could be argued that the clinical and laboratory improvement of liver disease, as well as the reduction in serum titers of antimitochondrial antibodies, might be due to the anti-TNF- alpha action of adalimumab. We suggest that it would be worth further investigating the role of biologic agents in the treatment of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Curcumin therapeutic use Effect of curcumin, the active constituent of turmeric, on penicillin-induced epileptiform activity in rats. Tamaddonfard, Esmaeal; Erfanparast, Amir; Hamzeh-Gooshchi, Nasrin; Yousofizadeh, Shahnaz E-mail: e_tamaddonfard@yahoo.com Urmia University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Basic Sciences Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 196-205 (31 ref.) Keywords: Curcuma; Seizures-chemically induced; Rats, Wistar; Penicillins-adverse effects; Diazepam Abstract: Curcumin is a major constituent of turmeric and has many biological functions such as anticancer and anti- inflammatory effects. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of curcumin and diazepam in separate and combined treatments on penicillin-induced seizures in rats. In urethane-anesthetized rats, epileptiform activity was induced by intracortical [i.c. ] administration of penicillin [200 IU, 1 micro l], and frequency and amplitude of spike waves were analyzed using electrocorticographic recordings. Intraperitoneal [i.p.] injections of curcumin at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg, and intracerebroventricular [i.c.v.] injection of diazepam at a dose of 5 micro g significantly [p<0.05] reduced both frequency and amplitude of spike waves. Co-administrations of curcumin [50 mg/kg, i.p.] with diazepam [5 micro g, i.c.v] enhanced the antiepileptic effect of diazepam [5 micro g, i.c.v]. The results suggested that both curcumin and diazepam suppressed penicillin-induced epileptiform activity. A potentiation effect was observed between curcumin and diazepam in reducing penicillin-induced seizures. Cystadenoma, Mucinous diagnosis Asymptomatic ovarian mucinous cystadenoma with a solid mural leiomyoma. Case report and brief review. Mathew, Mariam; Gonsalves, Hazel; Al Azawi, Sinan; Saparamadu, P.A.M. E-mail:mariamm1762@gmail.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 127-131 (12 ref.) Keywords: Ovarian Neoplasms-pathology; Leiomyoma; Immunohistochemistry IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 22 Abstract: Mucinous neoplasms of the ovary may have associated benign or malignant mural nodules. A leiomyomatous mural nodule is a rare, benign lesion associated with mucinous tumors of the ovary. We report a case of a mural leiomyomatous nodule arising in a benign mucinous cystadenoma in a 29-year-old woman who presented with a large heterogenous abdominal mass. After pre-operative evaluation, exploratory laparotomy was performed upon suspicion of ovarian malignancy. A pathological examination confirmed the benign nature of the mural nodule. Death Memorial of Joseph Murray. Kalantar-Hormozi, Abdoljalil; Manafi, Ali Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science - Department of Plastic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 52-53 (3 ref.) Dental Restoration, Temporary The effectiveness of four methods for stain removal from direct resin-based composite restorative materials. Al Nahedh, Hend Nahedh; Awliya, Wedad Yassin E-mail:h_nahed@yahoo.com King Saud University - College of Dentistry - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 61-67 (37 ref.) Keywords: Composite Resins; Dental Materials; Staining and Labeling; Tooth Bleaching; Dental Polishing Abstract: Few studies investigated the best method for removing stains from different types of resin-based composite restorations and compared them to the more recently introduced nanocomposites. This study compared the effect of four methods for stain removal from composite resins; finishing with Sof-lex disks, using pumice and brush, bleaching with 10% carbarnide peroxide and 38% hydrogen peroxide. Twenty disk specimens were prepared. Specimens were immersed in a staining solution for 3 weeks. The stained surfaces of five specimens from each RBC material were treated with one of the treatment procedures. Colorimetric measurements were taken using spectrophotometer prior to and after staining, and then repeated after surface treatments. Color difference values were calculated. One-way ANOVA indicated significant differences in color change of the three composite resin materials following staining. Filtek Z250 showed the least susceptibility to discoloration followed by Renamel, Filtek Supreme was the material most prone to discoloration. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc showed that all stain removing procedures except polishing with pumice, were able to return Filtek Z250 to clinically acceptable color difference. While bleaching with 38% carbamide peroxide was not effective with Renamel. Only pumice and 10% carbamide peroxide were able to return Renamel to clinically acceptable color difference. Compositions of resin-based composite resins play an important role in their susceptibility to stain and their amenability to stain removal procedures. Home bleaching showed good results for the three materials, while office bleach was the least effective. Dermatitis diagnosis Blister beetle dermatitis: few observations helping in diagnosis. Singh, Ashish; Singh, Ajai Kumar; Singh, Deepti; Varghese, Asha E-mail:dr.ashishsingh933@yahoo.co.in Jawahar Lal Nehru Hospital and Research Centre - Department of Dermatology and Venereology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 241- (3 ref.) Keywords: Beetles; Dermatitis-etiology; Herpes Simplex IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 23 Dexmedetomidine therapeutic use Dexmedetomidine as anesthetic adjunct for fast tracking and pain control in off-pump coronary artery bypass. Abdel Meguid, Mohamed Essam E-mail:meabdelmeguid@yahoo.com Ain Shams University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anesthesia SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 6-8 (8 ref.) Keywords: Pain-therapy; Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump; Pain, Postoperative; Anesthesia Abstract: This study was designed to determine the efficacy of dexmedetomidine [a highly selective alpha-2 agonist] in achieving fast tracking and improved postoperative pain control in off-pump coronary artery bypass [OPCAB] patients. Thirty patients scheduled for elective OPCAB were prospectively randomized into two groups: Group I [15 patients] started dexmedetomidine at 0.5 ug/kg/hour after the induction of anesthesia; this was reduced to 0.3 ug/kg/hour on admission in the cardiac intensive care unit and continued for 12 hours post extubation. Group II [15 patients] received a similar volume and infusion rate of normal saline. Visual analog scale [VAS] of 10-100 was explained thoroughly to the patients during the preoperative visit. Postoperative pain was managed with morphine. The total dose of morphine was recorded. Extubation time and VAS was recorded every two hours for 12 hours post extubation. Extubation time in group I was 72 +/- 8 minutes and 186 +/- 22 minutes in group II. Mean total use of narcotics in group II was 23.5 +/- 20.7 mg compared to 11.4 +/- 6.3 mg in group I. VAS median figures were lower at all data points in group I than in group II. Dexmedetomidine showed an effective and safe profile as an anesthetic adjunct in OPCAB, achieving fast tracking of patients and higher quality of pain control with a lower consumption of narcotics. Diabetes Mellitus psychology Counseling and depression among diabetic patients. Mansour, Essmat A.; Gemeay, Essmat M.; Moussa, Ihab M. E-mail:essmatmansour@yahoo.com King Saud University - College of Nursing - Department of Medical Surgical Nursing Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 295-301 (22 ref.) Keywords: Depression-prevention and control; Counseling; Depression-epidemiology Abstract: To determine the level of depression in diabetic patients and investigate the effect of a counseling program on the level of depression. A pre-post experimental study was conducted at the outpatient medical clinics of the Health Insurance Hospital affiliated to the Ministry of Health, Mansoura, Egypt. The study was carried out between June 2011 and September 2011. One hundred and twenty type II diabetic patients were recruited in this study. We used 2 tools for data collection: a] A structured interview questionnaire including socio-demographic and disease related data. b] The Zung self-rating depression scale. We classified the subjects into 2 equal groups of 60 patients each [group A - control and group B - experimental]. Both groups were interviewed after 3 months to assess the level of depression. On initial assessment, depression was found in approximately 57.5% of the control group, and severe depression in 32.5%. On second assessment, the depression rate in the control group increased to 67.5%, while the severe depression rate decreased to 25%. In the experimental group, at initial assessment, it was noticed that the percentage of subjects with no depressions increase to be 39.7% instead of 27%, also, the level of mild and severe depression decrease to be 56.1% post assessment instead of 58.4% and 14.6%.Counseling, as a nursing intervention, is helpful in reducing the level of depression among diabetic patients. Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental therapy Effect of natural honey from Ilam and metformin for improving glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Nasrolahi, Ozra; Heidari, Reza; Rahmani, Fatima; Farokhi, Farah E-mail:Nasrolahio@yahoo.com Urmia University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biology Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 212-221 (30 ref.) Keywords: Metformin; Streptozocin; Honey; Rats, Wistar IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 24 Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a public health problem and one of the five leading causes of death globally. In the present study, the effect of Metformin with natural honey was investigated on glycemia in the Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Thirty Wistar male rats were randomly divided into six groups including C: non diabetic rats received distilled water, CH: non diabetic rats received honey, CD: diabetic rats administered with distilled water, DM: Metformin treated diabetic rats, DH: honey treated diabetic rats, and DMH: diabetic rats treated with a combination of Metformin and natural honey. Diabetes was induced by a single dose of Streptozotocin [65 mg/kg; i.p.]. The animals were treated by oral gavage once daily for four weeks. At the end of the treatment period, the animals were sacrificed and their blood samples collected. Amount of glucose, triglyceride [TG], total cholesterol [TC], HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, total bilirubin, and albumin were determined in serum. Group CD: showed hyperglycemia [252.2 +/- 4.1 mg/dl], while level of blood glucose was significantly [p<0.01] reduced in groups DH [124.2 +/- 2.7 mg/dl], DM [108.0 +/- 3.4 mg/dl], and DMH [115.4 +/- 2.1 mg/dl]. Honey in combination with Metformin significantly [p<0.01] reduced level of bilirubin but Metformin alone did not reduce bilirubin. Honey alone and in combination with Metformin also significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and increased HDL, but Metformin did not reduced triglycerides and increased HDL. The results of the present study demonstrated that consuming natural honey with Metformin improves glycemic control and is more useful than consuming Metformin alone. The higher therapeutic effect of Ilam honey on lipid abnormalities than Tualang honey was also evident. Hydro-alcoholic extract of the root of Prangos ferulacea [L.] Lindl can improve serum glucose and lipids in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Farkhad, Najme Kafash; Farokhi, Farah; Tukmacki, Amir; Soltani band, Khosro E-mail:kafash_embriology@yahoo. com Urmia University - Faculty of Science - Department of Biology Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 179-187 (27 ref.) Keywords: Hypoglycemia; Ferula; Rats, Wistar; Alloxan; Hypolipidemic Agents; Plant Extracts; Phytotherapy; Blood Glucose Abstract: Diabetes mellitus manifests itself in a wide variety of complications and the symptoms of this disease are multifactorial. Previous studies proved that this disease is directly related to hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Prangos frulacea [L.] Lindl in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Forty female Wistar rats with body weight of 200 +/- 20 g were randomly divided into five groups with eight rats per group. Diabetes was induced in rats by alloxan monohydrate at dose of 120 mg/kg body weight [BW] injected intraperitoneally. Hydro-alcoholic extract of the root and leaves with stems of P. frulacea at 100 mg/kg BW were given orally to diabetic rats daily for 4 weeks. Diabetic rats [D] exhibited a significant [p<0.05] increase in the levels of the serum glucose, Total Cholesterol [TC], Triglycerides [TG], and LDL in comparison with the control group whereas their BW and serum HDL levels were decreased. In diabetic rats treated by root extract of P. frulacea, these parameters were reversed to the normal levels compared with diabetic group. According to the results obtained, it was concluded that Root's hydro-alcoholic extract of P. frulacea can be used in diabetics for the purpose of glucose and lipid profile reduction. Drug Industry standards Investigating inspection practices of pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities in selected Arab countries: views of inspectors and pharmaceutical industry employees. Garg, S.; Hasan, R.; Scahill, S.; Babar, Z. Ud-Din University of Auckland - School of Pharmacy EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 919-929 (23 ref.) Keywords: Pharmaceutical Preparations-standards; Quality Assurance, Health Care; Public Policy; Arabs; Cross- Sectional Studies; Guideline Adherence Abstract: There are few studies that explore inspection practices of pharmaceutical facilities from the viewpoint of inspectors and industry employees. In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, inspectors and quality assurance staff from 4 Arab countries - the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Egypt and Jordan - were surveyed about their inspection practices and views. There was considerable variation in inspection practices across countries and between the inspectorate and quality assurance staff within countries. Divergence was found in views associated with payment mechanisms. There was mutual agreement by both groups that inspectors were in short supply and that they needed to be better trained. Inspectors appeared to have less authority than expected in order to control pharmaceutical manufacturing and marketing activities. Compounding this was a dearth of policy which would support a more uniform and systematic approach to the inspection process within and across countries. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 25 Endometriosis diagnosis Chronic umbilical discharge. An unusual presentation of endometriosis. Jafferbhoy, Sadaf; Symeonides, Panas; Levy, Melanie; Shiwani, Muhammad H. E-mail:sjafferbhoy@doctors.org. uk Barnsley District General Hospital - Department of General Surgery SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 143-146 (19 ref.) Keywords: Umbilicus-pathology; Umbilicus-surgery; Diabetes Mellitus Abstract: Umbilical endometriosis is an important differential diagnosis of any umbilical lesion. A 35-yearold type 2 diabetic woman presented with intermittent umbilical discharge which failed to respond to various antibiotics. An ultrasound scan and MRI scan failed to show any obvious abnormality. The umbilicus was excised and histology confirmed endometriosis. Surgical excision provides a definitive diagnosis and curative treatment for isolated endometriosis. Epidermal Cyst diagnosis Molluscum contagiosum in multiple epidermal cysts in an immunocompetent patient. Basak, Kayhan; Basak, Pinar Y.; Karadayi, Nimet Suleyman Demirel University - Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Educational and Research Hospital - Department of Pathology Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 319-320 (5 ref.) Keywords: Molluscum Contagiosum; Immunocompetence Epilepsy, Reflex surgery Eating epilepsy in Oman. A case series and report on the efficacy of temporal lobectomy. Gujjar, Arunodaya R.; Jacob, P.C.; Ramanchandiran, Nandhagopal; Al Asmi, Abdullah Sultan Qaboos University - College of Medicine and Health Sciences - Department of Medicine SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 156-161 (23 ref.) Keywords: Epilepsy, Reflex-diagnosis; Anterior Temporal Lobectomy Abstract: Eating epilepsy [EE], where seizures are triggered by eating, is rare and has not been reported in the Gulf region. In EE, the ictal semiology includes partial or generalised seizures. Focal brain changes on imaging, if present, are often confined to the temporal lobe or perisylvian region. Therapeutic options, especially in those patients who are refractory to pharmacotherapy, have not been well-established. We report a series of five patients with EE from Oman, a country located in the eastern part of the Arabian Gulf region, and highlight the usefulness of temporal lobectomy in one patient who had medically-intractable EE. Surgical intervention could be considered as a potential therapeutic option in carefully selected patients with medically-intractable seizures. Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe diagnosis Ictal intracranial recording from a 'burned-out hippocampus'. Gatzonis, Stylianos; Siatouni, Anna; Georgaculias, Nikos; Korfias, Stefanos; Sakas, Damianos E. E-mail: sgatzon@med.uoa.gr Athens Medical School - Evangelismos Hospital - Department of Neurosurgery Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 92-95 (5 ref.) Keywords: Electroencephalography; Hippocampus; Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe-surgery Abstract: To present a case involving a discrepancy in the presurgical data of a patient suffering from pharmacoresistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. A 47-year-old, female patient with complex partial seizures since her twenties came to be evaluated in the Epilepsy Surgery Unit. The ictal electroencephalogram suggested a left temporal epileptogenic zone and the magnetic resonance image showed an abnormality in the right mesial temporal lobe. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 26 Intracranial monitoring revealed a pacemaker zone in the right hippocampus that discharged fast spreading to the left mesial temporal lobe, a phenomenon known as 'burned-out hippocampus'. The intracranial recording, even though it is an invasive procedure, was necessary for the presurgical evaluation of our patient. This case demonstrates the risks of using surface electroencephalography to determine localization of epileptogenic zones. Erythropoietin therapeutic use Erythropoietin ameliorates oxidative stress and tissue injury following renal ischemia/reperfusion in rat kidney and lung. Ardalan, Mohammad Reza; Estakhri, Rasoul; Hajipour, Babak; Ansarin, Khalil; Asl, Naser Ahmadi; Nasirizade, Mohammad Reza; Azar, Alireza Nour; Ghorbanihaghjou, Amir; Vatankhah, Amir Mansour; Esmaili, Heydar Ali Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine - Department of Nephrology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 70-74 (27 ref.) Keywords: Reperfusion Injury; Oxidative Stress; Kidney-pathology; Rats, Wistar; Lung-pathology Abstract: To study the effect of erythropoietin [EPO] treatment on renal and lung injury following renal ischemia/re- perfusion [I/R]. Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned to three groups of 10 rats each. The first group was sham- operated, the second was subjected to renal I/R [30 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion]. The third group was subjected to renal I/R and treated with EPO in two doses: the first dose 1 h prior to ischemia [1,000 U/kg] and the second dose 6 h after ischemia [1,000 U/kg]. The renal and lung tissue injury index, tissue serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine [Cr] were higher in the renal I/R group compared to the renal I/R + EPO group; the difference was statistically significant [p < 0.05]. Kidney and lung tissue glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase levels were higher in the renal I/R + EPO group than the renal I/R group; the difference was also statistically significant [p < 0.05]. The data showed that EPO pretreatment could be effective in reducing renal and lung injury following renal I/R and could improve the cellular antioxidant defense system. Hence EPO pretreatment may be effective for attenuating renal and lung injury after renal I/R-induced injury during surgical procedures, hypotension, renal transplantation and other conditions inducing renal I/R. Escherichia coli drug effects Distribution of class I integrons and their effect on the prevalence of multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Sudan. Ibrahim, Mutasim E.; Magzoub, Magzoub A.; Bilal, Naser E.; Hamid, Mohamed E. E-mail: mutasimhadi87@hotmail.com Khartoum University - Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences - Department of Medical Microbiology Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 240-247 (36 ref.) Keywords: Drug Resistance, Multiple; Prevalence; Integrons; Microbial Sensitivity Tests Abstract: To analyze integrons gene cassettes Class I among Escherichia coli [E. coli] isolates from Sudan and to determine their effect on the prevalence of resistance to antimicrobials. This cross-sectional study was conducted at 6 hospitals in Khartoum State, Sudan between April and August 2011. Escherichia coli [n=133] isolated from clinical specimens of patients were included. Isolates were identified and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility following standard procedures. Multi-drug resistance [MDR] patterns was defined as non-susceptibility to >/= 3 antimicrobials. Class I integrons was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and gene cassettes were characterized via sequencing analysis. Of the 133 E. coli isolates, 40.6% [n=54] harbored Class I integrons. All the 54 integron carriage, E. coli was found to be MDR strains. Integron carriage isolates confer higher levels of resistance than any other isolates [p<0.05] such as amoxicillin-clavulanic acid [66.7% versus 36.7%], ceftazidime [46.3% versus 17.7%], chloramphenicol [29.6% versus 7.6%], ciprofloxacin [70.4% versus 43%], tetracycline [88.9% versus 57%] and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [98.1% versus 69.6%]. Sequencing of gene cassettes harbored mostly dihydrofolate reductase [dfrA], which encodes resistance to trimethoprim and aminoglycoside adenyltransferase [aadA] that encodes resistance to streptomycin. The most frequent combination types were dfrA17 and aadA5 genes. Class I integrons were quite common and its carriage contributed significantly to the emergence of MDR among E. coli. Nevertheless, factors leading to the wide spread of integrons are still to be determined. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 27 pathogenicity Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli, a heterogenous, underestimated and under-diagnosed E. coli pathotype in Iran. Jafari, Anis; Aslani, Mohammad Mehdi; Bouzari, Saeid Pasteur Institute of Iran Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 71-79 (64 ref.) Keywords: Diarrhea; Genetic Heterogeneity; Escherichia coli-genetics Abstract: The main features of enteroaggregative Escherichia coli [EAEC] pathogenesis include attachment of bacteria to the intestinal mucosa, production of various toxins and cytotoxins, and stimulation of mucosal inflammation. 'Virulence' genes encode these features. Comparison of different EAEC isolates has shown that the virulence gene content of these isolates varies considerably. The heterogeneity of EAEC strains was concluded from the results obtained from the volunteer as well as other studies. Although the underlying mechanism behind the apparent increase in O104:H4 virulence is not known, several bacterial factors have been implicated. In this review, the known virulence factors involved in pathogenesis of EAEC pathotype are summarized. Esophagitis virology A rare cause of dysphagia in a pregnant woman: herpes simplex esophagitis. Koubaa, Makram; Lahiani, Dorra; Maaloul, Imed; Makni, Saloua; Amouri, Ali; Marrakchi, Chakib; Hammami, Boussaima; Boudawara, Tahia; Tahri, Nabil; Ben Jemaa, Mounir E-mail:mounir.benjemaa@rns.tn Hedi Chaker University Hospital - Department of Infectious Diseases Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 103-106 (24 ref.) Keywords: Simplexvirus-pathogenicity; Immunocompetence; Pregnancy; Deglutition Disorders Abstract: Herpes simplex esophagitis [HSE] has rarely been reported in immunocompetent individuals. In a search of Medline until October 2012, we found only one case of HSE in a pregnant female. We present the first case of HSE in a healthy 36-year-old female at 27 weeks gestation who recovered without antiviral therapy. Esthetics, Dental Minimally invasive use of coloured composite resin in aesthetic restoration of periodontially involved teeth: case report. Wahbi, M.A.; Al Sharief, H.S.; Tayeb, H.; Bokhari, A. E-mail:mwahbi3000@yahoo.co.uk - Makkah Dental Centre - Conservative Dentistry SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 83-89 (43 ref.) Keywords: Composite Resins; Gingival Recession; Dental Restoration, Temporary-methods; Dental Veneers Abstract: Gingival recession causes not only aesthetic problems, but problems with oral hygiene, plaque accumulation, speech, and tooth sensitivity. Replacing the missing gingival tissue with composite resin, when indicated, can be a time- and cost-effective solution. Here we report the case of a 25-year-old female who presented with generalized gingival recession. Black triangles were present between the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth due to loss of interdental tissues, caused by recent periodontal surgery. She also had slightly malposed maxillary anterior teeth. The patient elected to replace gingival tissue with pink composite resin and to alter the midline with composite resin veneers. The first treatment phase involved placement of pink gingival composite to restore the appearance of interdental papilla to her upper [16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23, and 24] and lower [34, 33, 32, 31, 41, 42, 43, and 44] teeth. Phase two was to place direct composite resin bonded veneers on her upper [16, 15, 14, 13, 12, 11, 21, 22, 23, and 24] teeth to alter the midline and achieve desired colour. The third treatment phase was to level the lower incisal edge shape by enameloplasty [31, 32, 41, and 42] to produce a more youthful and attractive smile. This case report and brief review attempt to describe the clinical obstacles and the current treatment options along with a suggested protocol. Use of contemporary materials such as gingival coloured composite to restore lost gingival tissue and improve aesthetics can be a simple and cost-effective way to manage patients affected by generalized aggressive periodontitis [AgP]. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 28 Ethionamide pharmacology Optimization of the conventional minimum inhibitory concentration method for drug susceptibility testing of ethionamide. Lakshmi, Rajagopalan; Ramachandran, Ranjani; Sundar, A. Syam; Rehman, Fathima; Radhika, Golla; Kumar, Vanaja National Institute or Research in Tuberculosis - Formerly Tuberculosis Research Centre - Department of Bacteriology International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 29-33 (18 ref.) Keywords: Ethionamide-therapeutic use; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Antitubercular Agents; Tuberculosis Abstract: Evaluation of newer methods and optimization of existing methods for the susceptibility testing of second- line drugs, especially ethionamide, are essential when treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis [MDR-TB] is warranted. The ideal method must clearly demarcate sensitive from resistant strains. Hence, optimization of the conventional minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] method was attempted using diluted inoculum. The optimized MIC method was evaluated using 206 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from new and previously treated tuberculosis patients and were compared with the conventional MIC method and proportion sensitivity [PST] method. The sensitivity and specificity of the optimized MIC method in comparison with the PST method was 74% and 90%. Assessment of the optimized MIC method with the conventional MIC method gave a sensitivity of and specificity of 73% and 98%. Overall agreement between the 2 methods was found to be >/= 80%. Endowed with the ability to identify the resistant strains precisely, the optimized MIC method can be used for screening resistance to ethionamide. Ethnology Race and ethnicity, religion involvement, church-based social support and subjective health in United States: a case of moderated mediation. Assari, Shervin E-mail:assari@umich.edu University of Michigan - School of Public Health - Department of Health Behavior and Health Education IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 208-217 (41 ref.) Keywords: Personal Satisfaction; Mental Health; Religion; Social Support Abstract: To test if social support and ethnicity mediate/moderate the association between religion involvement and subjective health in the United States. This is a secondary analysis of National Survey of American Life, 2003. Hierarchical regression was fit to a national household probability sample of adult African Americans [n = 3570], Caribbean Blacks [n = 1621], and Whites [n = 891]. Frequency of church attendance, positive/negative church-based social support, ethnicity, and subjective health [overall life satisfaction and self-rated mental health] were considered as predictor, mediator, moderator and outcome, respectively. Frequency of church attendance had a significant and positive association with mental health and life satisfaction among all ethnic groups. Frequency of church attendance was also correlated with positive and negative social support among all ethnic groups. Church-based social support fully mediated the association between frequency of church attendance and overall life satisfaction among African Americans but not among Caribbean Blacks, or Whites. Church-based social support, however, partially mediated the association between frequency of church attendance and overall mental health among African Americans but not among Caribbean Blacks or Whites. Ethnicity shapes how church-based social support mediates the association between religious involvement and subjective health. Our results showed a moderating mediation effect of ethnicity and social support on the religious involvement-subjective health linkage, in a way that it is only among African Americans that social support is a pathway for the beneficial health effect of religious involvement. Eye anatomy and histology Oculopalpebral dimensions of adult Nigerians: report from the Enugu normative ocular anthropometry study. Eze, Boniface I.; Uche, Judith N.; Shiweobi, Jude O.; Mba, Chibuike N. E-mail:xy3165767@yahoo.com University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital [UNTH] - Department of Ophthalmology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 75-79 (22 ref.) Keywords: Optometry; Anthropometry Abstract: To determine the normal oculopalpebral anthro-pometric measurements of a Nigerian adult population. A population-based prospective observational random survey was conducted in Enugu, South-Eastern Nigeria between January and April 2010. The participants were healthy adults comprising 248 males and 252 females aged 18-76 IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 29 years. One thousand eyes were examined. Demographic data, and bilateral direct manual millimetre measurements of the horizontal palpebral fissure [HPF], vertical palpebral fissure [VPF], upper lid crease [ULC], brow height [BH], and margin reflex distance [MRD] were obtained from all participants. Data were categorised by demographic variables and analysed to yield frequencies, percentages and proportions. Between-gender comparisons, using the independent t test, were considered significant at p < 0.05. The mean age of the participants was 36.5 +/- 14.6 years. There was no significant difference between the genders in mean age [men: 37.3 +/- 15.7 vs. women: 35.8 +/- 13.3, p = 0.2302]. The mean values of the parameters were [male, female] HPF: 32.8 +/- 2.0 vs.32.6 +/- 3.0; VPF: 10.6 +/- 1.2 vs. 10.6 +/- 1.2; ULC: 8.2 +/- 2.5 vs. 7.9 +/- 2.2; BH: 13.1 +/- 2.4 vs. 13.6 +/- 2.7; and MRD: 4.1 +/- 0.5 vs. 4.2 +/- 0.8. Significant between-gender difference was observed only in BH measurements [p = 0.029] and variable trends with age. Oculopalpebral measurements of normal adult Nigerians in Enugu showed variations by age and gender. This may have implications for clinical evaluation and surgical management of oculopalpebral disorders in adult South-Eastern Nigerians. Future longitudinal studies are needed. Facial Paralysis surgery Facial reanimation by masseteric muscle-mandibular periosteum transfer. Abbasi, Ruholah E-mail:ruholah_abasi@hotmail.com Besat Hospital - Department of Otolaryngology WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 44-46 (6 ref.) Keywords: Mandible-surgery; Facial Muscles; Periosteum-surgery Abstract: Permanent facial paralysis is a catastrophic event for involved patients. In long lasting paralysis with severe facial muscles atrophy, masseter muscle transfer is a very good choice. But its greatest problem is postoperative elongation of flap and gradual diminishing of early results and loss of symmetry. This article advocate a new modification for resolving this problem with concomitant elevation of mandibular periosteum with masseter muscle, as a unit for lip and midface elevation. Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture mortality Perinatal outcome in pregnancies with extreme preterm premature rupture of membranes [Mid- Trimester PROM] Al Riyami, Nihal; Al Shezawi, Fatma; Al Ruheili, Intisar; Al Dughaishi, Tamima; Al Khabori, Murtadha E-mail: drriyami@hotmail.com Sultan Qaboos University - Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 51-56 (14 ref.) Keywords: Pregnancy Outcome; Perinatal Mortality; Cohort Studies; Retrospective Studies; Morbidity; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture-epidemiology; Infant Mortality; Pregnancy Abstract: Preterm premature rupture of membranes [PPROM] is defined as the rupture of fetal membranes before 37 weeks. Extreme PPROM occurs before 26 weeks' gestation and can result in perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to study the perinatal outcomes of mothers with extreme PPROM. A retrospective cohort study of 44 consecutive pregnant women, presenting with PPROM before 26 weeks' gestation, was conducted from January 2006 to December 2011 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman. Maternal and neonatal information was collected from medical records, and delivery and neonatal unit registries. Women with PPROM presenting after 26 weeks' gestation, those with multiple gestations, or other types of preterm deliveries were excluded from the study. Of the 44 preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, 24 [55%] survived, 7 [16%] died within 24 hours of birth, 9 [20%] were miscarried, and 4 [9%] were stillbirths. Neonatal sepsis and pulmonary hypoplasia were the major causes of death. Neonatal complications among the surviving infants included prematurity in 11 [46%], respiratory distress syndrome in 19 [79%], sepsis in 12 [50%], and low birth weight in 11 [46%]. The neonatal survival rate was significantly associated with the gestational age at delivery but not with the gestational age upon rupture of membranes. Extreme PPROM was associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The results of this study will help obstetricians and neonatologists in counseling couples experiencing PPROM. Future studies of long-term neonatal morbidity should have larger sample sizes and include more hospitals. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 30 Fibroblasts Role of cultured skin fibroblasts in aesthetic and plastic surgery. Mehrabani, Davood; Manafi, Navid Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Stem Cell Research and Transgenic Technology Research Center WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 2-5 (26 ref.) Keywords: Skin; Esthetics; Surgery, Plastic; Wound Healing; Stem Cells Fraser Syndrome surgery Anesthetic management in a case of Fraser syndrome. Mohan, Virender Kumar; Sharma, Aanchal E-mail:dr_vkmohan@yahoo.com All India Institute of Medical Sciences - Department of Anesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 102-103 (5 ref.) Keywords: Anesthesia Gallstones diagnosis Comparing the efficacy of preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography with intra-operative cholangiography in patients suspicious to biliary stones. Tofigh, Arash Mohammadi; Razmjoie, Forough; Khabbaz, Alieh; Ayazi, Khosro; Farahmand, Siamak; Honar, Behzad Nemati; Nikshoar, Mohammad Reza E-mail:arash_mtofigh@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshi University of Medical Sciences - Imam Hossein Medical Center - Department of Surgery Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 80-85 (27 ref.) Keywords: Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Calculi-radiography; Intraoperative Care; Preoperative Care; Calculi-diagnosis; Cholecystitis; Alkaline Phosphatase Abstract: This study was performed to compare the efficacy of preoperative magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography [MRCP] and intra-operative cholangiography [IOC] methods in patients suspicious to gall stones. According to previous studies, it is recommended that common bile duct investigation should be done in order to rule out choledocholithiasis in all patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis. IOC is an invasive procedure with probable complications, it would seem that MRCP could replace the direct cholangiography. In a diagnostic clinical trial, Fifty-nine patients with symptomatic biliary stones or cholecystitis were recruited in this study. The included patients had normal size biliary ducts in sonography but high serum alkaline phosphatase level. Preoperative MRCP and IOC were performed for the patients and the obtained results were analyzed and compared. The positive predictive value for IOC was 88% and for MRCP was 43%. The diagnostic accuracy of IOC and MRCP were 98% and 85% respectively, suggesting that IOC is much more diagnostically accurate. There were no significant difference in specificity and sensitivity of these two methods. According to the results, we can conclude that MRCP may not obviate the need for IOC. The suggestion for routine use of MRCP instead of IOC and as a substitution of that procedure needs further investigations on more patients. Gastroesophageal Reflux Quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease in an Iranian population. Maleki, Iradj; Masoudzadeh, Abbas; Khalilian, Alireza; Daheshpour, Elnaz E-mail:iradj2001@yahoo.com Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Internal Medicine Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 96-100 (17 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Mental Health Abstract: The study was designed to evaluate quality of life [QOL] for Iranian patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD]. GERD is a common and chronic world-wide disease. Impact of GERD on QOL has been studied in many countries, but it has not been studied in Iranian population. Fifty five patients suffering from GERD and fifty five age and sex matched controls were enrolled. Patient inclusion criteria were based on clinical and endoscopic findings. All other major diseases having an impact on QOL had been excluded. All the subjects were asked to fill the validated IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 31 translation of SF-36 and GHQ-28 questionnaires. Results of the SF-36 questionnaire was analyzed directly and after correction for the results obtained from the GHQ-28 tool. GERD patients had lower QOL scores than controls. Correction of the results based the findings of GHQ-28 questionnaire did not change the results. QOL in GERD patients is impaired and should be considered in clinical practice and implementing research studies upon GERD patients. Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors diagnosis A Hidden Source for Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding. Moini, Maryam; Taghavi, Seyed Alireza; Izedpanah, Ahmad; Kumar, Viginda E-mail:moeenim@sums.ac.ir Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 112-114 (8 ref.) Keywords: Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage-etiology; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Abstract: A 50-year-old lady presented with bloody vomiting and melena since four days prior to admission. Her medical history was significant only for hypertension which was controlled by a 5 mg daily dose of amlodipine. She occasionally took NSAIDs. On admission, the physical exam revealed only mild tachycardia and pallor. Hemoglobin was 9.7 g/dl, which subsequently declined to 7.9 g/dl. The first upper gastrointestinal [GI] endoscopy was remarkable for a paraesophageal hiatal hernia, with no site of bleeding detected. The second upper GI endoscopy did not find any source for bleeding. A third endoscopic examination revealed a new finding [Figures A and B]. Gastrointestinal Tract microbiology Gastrointestinal pathogen distribution in symptomatic children in Sydney, Australia. Fletcher, Stephanie; Van Hal, Sebastian; Andresen, David; McLaws, Mary Louise; Stark, Damien; Harkness, John; Ellis, John E-mail:stephanie.flectcher@uts.edu.au University of Technology - The iThree Institute and School of Medical and Molecular Biosciences Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 11-21 (47 ref.) Keywords: Gastrointestinal Diseases-microbiology; Rotavirus; Adenoviridae; Norovirus; Diarrhea; Cross-Sectional Studies; Child; Gastrointestinal Diseases-epidemiology Abstract: There is limited information on the causes of paediatric diarrhoea in Sydney. This cross-sectional study used clinical and microbiological data to describe the clinical features and pathogens associated with gastrointestinal illnesses for children presenting to two major public hospitals in Sydney with diarrhoea, for the period January 2007- December 2010. Of 825 children who tested positive for an enteric pathogen, 430 medical records were reviewed. Adenovirus, norovirus and rotavirus were identified in 20.8%, 20.3% and 21.6% of reviewed cases, respectively. Younger children were more likely to have adenovirus and norovirus compared with rotavirus [P = 0.001]. More viruses were detected in winter than in the other three seasons [P = 0.001]. Rotavirus presented a distinct seasonal pattern with the lowest rates occurring in the warm months and peaking in the cooler months. Adenovirus showed a less consistent monthly trend, and norovirus detection increased in the cooler months [P = 0.008]. A decline in the number of rotavirus cases was observed after mid-2008. The majority of childhood diarrhoeal illnesses leading to hospital presentations in Sydney are caused by enteric viruses with most infections following clear seasonal patterns. However, a sustained decrease in the incidence of rotavirus infections has been observed over the study period. Grape Seed Extract Motor disturbances and thalamic electrical power of frequency bands' improve by grape seed extract in animal model of Parkinson's disease. Sarkaki, Alireza; Eidypour, Zainab; Motamedi, Freshteh; Keramati, Keivan; Farbood, Yaghoub Ahvaz Jundishpur University of Medical Sciences - Physiology Research Center [PRC] Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 222-232 (33 ref.) Keywords: Oxidopamine; Parkinson Disease-veterinary; Motor Skills Disorders; Rats, Wistar; Electroencephalography; Free Radical Scavengers; Motor Neuron Disease Abstract: Previous studies showed that grape seed extract [GSE] is an excellent natural substance with potent antioxidant effect and free radical scavenger. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of GSE on motor dysfunctions and thalamic local Electroencephalography [EEG] frequency bands' powers in rats with Parkinson's disease [PD]. In this study 8 micro g 6-hydroxydopamine [6-OHDA] dissolved in 2 micro l normal saline containing 0.01% ascorbic acid IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 32 was infused into right medial forebrain bundle [MFB] to make an animal model of PD. Rats with PD received four weeks GSE [100 mg/kg, p.o.] after apomorphine-induced rotation test. Spontaneous motor tests and also thalamic ventroanterior nucleus [AV] local EEG recording were done in freely moving rats in all groups. Chronic treatment of PD rats with GSE could influence potentially frequency bands' powers of thalamic VA and improve post-lesion motor dysfunctions significantly [p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively]. Our findings suggest that GSE modulates the CNS function and has beneficial effects on the direct and indirect striato-thalamo-cortical pathways in PD. GSE acts as a new and potent natural free radical scavenger which removes oxidants produced by neurotoxin 6-OHDA in brain. Therefore, it reinforces electrical power of remained thalamic VA neurons and thereby improves post-lesion motor disorders. Health Expenditures Polity and health care expenditures: the association among 159 nations. Gregorio, Leah E.; Gregorio, David I. University of Connecticut School of Medicine Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 49-57 (47 ref.) Keywords: Health Care Costs; Delivery of Health Care-economics Abstract: This paper hypothesized that democratic nations, as characterized by Polity IV Project regime scores, spend more on health care than autocratic nations and that the association reported here is independent of other demographic, health system or economic characteristics of nations. WHO Global Observatory data on 159 nations with roughly 98% of the world's population were examined. Regime scores had significant, direct and independent associations with each of four measures of health care expenditure. For every unit increment in a nation's regime score toward a more democratic authority structure of governance, we estimated significant [p < 0.05] increments in the percent of GDP expended on health care [+0.14%], percent of general government expenditures targeted to health care [+0.25%], total per capita expenditures on health [+34.4 Int$] and per capita general government expenditures [+22.4 Int$], while controlling for a population's age distribution, life expectancy, health care workforce and system effectiveness and gross national income. Moreover, these relationships were found to persist across socio-economic development levels. The finding that practices of health care expenditure and authority structures of government co- vary is instructive about the politics of health and the challenges of advancing global health objectives. Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice Professional attitudes and behaviors acquired during undergraduate education in the college of dentistry, King Saud University. Al Sudani, Dina; Al Abbas, Fatima; Al Bannawi, Zainab; Al Ramadhan, Anwaar E-mail:drdina_2000@yahoo.com King Saud University - College of Dentistry - Department of Restorative Dental Sciences SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 69-74 (16 ref.) Keywords: Education, Dental; Faculty, Dental; Health Behavior; Professional Practice; Patient Rights; Clinical Competence; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: The purpose of the study was to investigate and evaluate the professional attitudes and behaviors acquired by students and recently graduated dentists during undergraduate education at King Saud University. This cross- sectional survey used a 27-item questionnaire covering four cumulative theoretical dimensions of professionalism. Questionnaires were distributed to fifth-year students, interns, and demonstrators in the College of Dentistry during the academic year 2010-2011, and 203 completed questionnaires were used in analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses. Crosstab and chi-squared tests were used, with statistical significance set at P < 0.05. The response rate was 79.3% [43.6% of males, 94% of females]. Eighty-seven questionnaires were collected from fifth- year students, 92 from interns, and 24 from demonstrators. Many [59%] participants demonstrated high levels of professional attitudes and behaviors, whereas 40% did not comply with the elements of professionalism. Analyses revealed highly significant differences in certain responses with regard to gender, academic level, and grade point average. Although some participants did not possess all professional qualities, all participants possessed at least some elements of professionalism measured in this study. We thus recommend a strategic effort to develop targeted plans emphasizing professionalism at all levels of the dental school curriculum. High-profile role modeling, lectures, seminars, and academic ceremonies are ways of achieving professional development among dental students in parallel with their acquisition of basic scientific knowledge and clinical skills. This approach will formally and informally communicate that professionalism is a core value. Tuberculosis awareness program and associated changes in knowledge levels of school students. Gothankar, Jayashree S. E-mail:jayashreesg@rediffmail.com Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University Medical College [BVDUMC] - Department of Community Medicine IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 153-157 (7 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis; Awareness; Schools; Students; Education IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 33 Abstract: To assess the effectiveness of tuberculosis awareness program amongst school students. School-based interventional type of study. The study was done on 135 secondary school students of 8th and 9th standard of randomly selected private English medium school, in field practice area of Urban Health Training Center [UHTC] of a private medical college in Pune city. Health awareness session on tuberculosis was conducted by using various visual and audiovisual aids by the medical college undergraduate students. A pre-test and post-proforma was filled before and after the session. Paired t-test was used to assess the effectiveness of awareness program. There was a highly significant [P = 0] increase in the knowledge of school students after the tuberculosis awareness program by medical undergraduate students. The mean pre-test scores were 6.31 [52.58%], and the mean post-test scores were 10.20 [85%]. This activity also helped medical undergraduate students to acquire skills related to communication, working in a team, preparation and presentation of various visual aids for health awareness program; they also gained knowledge of research methodology. Health education program by medical students helped significantly to improve the knowledge of school students regarding tuberculosis. Thus, medical college students can be involved to some extent for conducting health-related behavioral change communication [BCC] activities in schools during their Community Medicine morning posting. Collaboration of private medical colleges, schools, and district tuberculosis units [DTUs] can be ideally achieved under public private partnership [PPP] for health awareness programs. Heart Ventricles pathology A case report of a right ventricular mass in a patient with Behcet's disease: myxoma or thrombus? Ghori, M.A.; Al Sousi, Awatif; Al Mahmeed, Wael; Ellahham, Samer; Ayman, Moataz; Augustin, Norbert E-mail: mghori@skmc.gov.ae Department of Cardiac Sciences Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 85-89 (26 ref.) Keywords: Myxoma-diagnosis; Thrombosis-diagnosis; Behcet Syndrome-diagnosis Abstract: Behcet's disease [BD] is a multi-system, chronic and relapsing disorder classified as "vasculitic syndrome". It typically affects young adult females between 20 and 40 years of age. There are some typical clinical manifestations associated with this disease, however, at times; rare sign and symptoms pose a challenge to the treating physician and making a definitive diagnosis. Presentations with cardiac symptoms are one of the extremely rare manifestations of the Behcet's disease. The authors present clinical, laboratory and imaging findings of a patient who presented with a cardiac mass which was the first presenting feature or manifestation of Behcet's disease. A 19-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital for the investigation of "fever of unknown origin", weight loss, shortness of breath and a scrotal ulcer of recent on-set. X-ray chest and electrocardiograms were inconclusive. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a right ventricular [RV] mass attached to the interventricular septum measuring 1.5x1.5 cms [Panel A]. Cardiac MRI identified it as a RV Myxoma. In addition, on CT scan of the chest pulmonary embolism was noted. The patient underwent excision biopsy of the tumor under cardiopulmonary bypass via right atriotomy [Panel B]. Histopathology of the mass described it as "an organizing thrombus with a few groups of interrupted myocardial fibers and some infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells". Moreover his HLA typing was found positive for HLA-B51 [5]. In view of the above findings and associated lesions, the patient was diagnosed as a case of Behcet's disease. The medical management included immunosuppressant and anticoagulation. Behcet's disease, even in the absence of the typical clinical features, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of right ventricular mass, especially when dealing with young adults from the Mediterranean basin and the Middle-East. Heat Stress Disorders epidemiology [Determination of susceptibility to heat-related disorders and prevention methods among agriculture workers] Tirgar, A.; Shiroye, A.; Hajiahmadi, M.; Hoseini, S.R. E-mail:a_tirgar@yahoo.com Babol University of Medical Sciences - Social Determinants of Health [SDH] Research Center Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 39-46 (21 ref.) Keywords: Heat Stress Disorders-prevention and control; Agricultural Workers' Diseases; Awareness; Cross- Sectional Studies Abstract: Workers employed in outdoor occupations such as farm working, especially during rice harvest, are exposed to hot and humid environments that put them at risk for different kinds of heat-related disorders or heat stress. The aim of this study was to determine the susceptibility to heat-related disorders and prevention methods among a group of agriculture workers in one of the northern cities in Iran. This study is a descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional study which was done among 340 agricultures workers in a city [Sorkhrood] in Mazandaran province. The samples were collected from 42 villages using two stage cluster-randomized sampling method. The data were collected by means of IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 34 tailor-made data collection sheet and analyzed using descriptive statistical indexes and Chi- square test, and p<0.05 was considered as significant. The findings indicated that the mean values of age and years of experience were 42.8 and 26 years, respectively. Almost half of the agriculture workers were overweight or obese, 34% illiterate, and 15% encountered chronic illnesses. Ninety five percent of the workers were not informed about prehydration in hot environment and none of them know about the consumption of electrolytes. According to Chi-square test result, there were no significant differences between the prevalence of headache as one of the early signs of heat -related disorders and other related factors. According to the results, agriculture workers based on their age distribution, education, body mass index, health knowledge, drug use and incidence of chronic diseases, are very vulnerable to heat-related disorders. Therefore, training on recognizing the early signs and doing control measures as essential element in heat stress prevention should be seriously considered. Helicobacter pylori drug effects Eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori using a two-week quadruple therapy: a report from southern Iran. Masoodi, Mohsen; Panahian, Mohammad; Rezadoost, Amirmansoor; Heidari, Amin E-mail:Masoodi47@yahoo. com Homozgan University of Medical Sciences - Rasool Akram Hospital - Department of Internal Medicine Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 81-85 (33 ref.) Keywords: Helicobacter Infections-drug therapy; Polypharmacy; Drug Therapy, Combination Abstract: The use of quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] eradication is a highly efficacious, gold standard regimen. However, according to a number of studies, this regimen has numerous compliance problems and adverse effects. In the current study we have evaluated the H. pylori eradication rate following a quadruple therapy that included omeprazole, bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin, and metronidazole in Hormozgan, the most southern province in Iran. Hormozgan Province has high rates of H. pylori infection and its related disorders. A total of 100 patients diagnosed with dyspepsia and H. pylori infection as documented by the [13]C-urea breath test [UBT] or rapid urease test [RUT] were treated with the following quadruple regimen: bismuth subcitrate [120 mg, 2 tablets/q12h], amoxicillin [500 mg/q8h], metronidazole [250 mg/q8h] and omeprazole [20 mg/q12h] for a two-week period. Our primary efficacy outcome was H. pylori eradication as established by a negative UBT at least four weeks after the end of treatment. Eradication rates were 79%.and 82.3%, respectively, based on the intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses. Quadruple therapy had a similar effect in women [81%] and men [83.3%] for the eradication of H. pylori, which was not statistically significant. H. pylori eradication rates according to age groups were: 16-20 years [100%], 21-40 years [81%], and 41-60 years [77.8%; p=0.001]. There was no significant difference in H. pylori eradication rate between genders in those less than 20 years of age and the middle age group. However in the older group the eradication rate was significantly higher in women [100%] compared to men [66.6%]. A two-week quadruple therapy that includes omeprazole, bismuth subcitrate, amoxicillin and metronidazole is a highly effective treatment for H. pylori infection. This treatment has an acceptable eradication rate in Southern Iran. The eradication rate appears to be lower in older men compared with younger men or in women. Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral prevention and control Strategic approach to control of viral haemorrhagic fever outbreaks in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: report from a regional consultation. Malik, M.R.; El Bushra, H.E.; Opoka, M.; Formenty, P.; Velayudhan, R.; Eremin, S. E-mail:malikm@who.int World Health Organization, Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean - Pandemic and Epidemic Disease, Division of Communicable Disease Prevention and Control EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 892-897 (13 ref.) Keywords: Communicable Disease Control-methods; Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral-epidemiology; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Disease Outbreaks-prevention and control; Health Behavior; Arthropod Vectors; Pest Control-methods; Public Health; Sentinel Surveillance; World Health Organization Abstract: The viral haemorrhagic fevers [VHF] are a growing public health threat in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Nearly all of them are of zoonotic origin. VHF often cause outbreaks with high fatalities and, except for yellow fever, currently there are no specific treatment or vaccination options available. In response to this growing threat, the Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean of the World Health Organization convened a technical consultation in Tehran on 27-30 November 2011 to review the current gaps in prevention and control of VHF outbreaks in the Region. The meeting recommended a number of strategic public health approaches for prevention and control of VHF outbreaks through synergizing effective collaboration between the human and animal health sectors on areas that involve better preparedness, early detection and rapid response. Implementation of these approaches would require IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 35 working together with vision, commitment and a sense of purpose involving partnerships and cooperation from all relevant sectors. Hip Joint Translation and cultural adaptation of the oxford hip score for Iranian population. Nourbakhsh, Mohsen; Zarezadeh, Abolghasem; Shemshaki, Hamidreza; Etemadifar, Mohammad R.; Moezi, Mehdi; Mazoochian, Farhad Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Department of Orthopedic Surgery IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 141-145 (29 ref.) Keywords: Quality of Life; Injury Severity Score; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; Reproducibility of Results Abstract: In recent years, outcome assessment related to orthopedic surgeries has increasingly focused on patient reported questionnaires. The Oxford Hip Score [OHS], self administered questionnaire, is a reliable, valid, and responsive instrument for assessing hip in patients undergoing Arthroplasty. The study involved 105 adult Persian speaking patients admitted for primary Total Hip Arthroplasty in two hospitals in Isfahan in Iran from September 2009 until April 2011. All of them filled out their scales [Persian OHS, WOMAC, and SF12] in preoperative examination. Mean scores of OHS in first administrations was 42.7 +/- 12.7. The Persian OHS overall score demonstrated high reproducibility [ICC,0.93, P < 0.001] and internal consistency [CA, 0.94]. Persian OHS had high correlations with WOMAC total score [r = 0.86], function score [r = 0.86], and pain score [r = 0.79], the relationship between the Persian OHS and the WOMAC stiffness subscale was somewhat lower [r = 0.69]. The correlation coefficient between the Persian OHS and the PCS of the SF-12 in our study was moderate [r = 0.58]. Persian OHS had low correlation with MCS of the SF-12 [r = 0.40]. Persian OHS had high correlations with WOMAC total score, function score, and pain score. It had moderate correlation with PCS of the SF-12 and low correlation with MCS of the SF-12. Our study demonstrated the trans-cultural adaptation and validation of the Persian OHS is a reliable and practicable instrument for assessment of function and pain in Iranian patients with hip osteoarthritis. HIV Infections blood Relationship between leptin levels and suppressed CD4 counts in HIV patients. Al Fadhli, Mariam; Saraya, Mohammad; Qasem, Jafar; Azizieh, Fawaz; Shahab, Shahab; Raghupathy, Raj E-mail:medicine209@gmail.com Ministry of Health - Infectious Disease Hospital - Department of Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 54-58 (30 ref.) Keywords: HIV; Leptin-blood; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active Abstract: To examine the relationship between serum leptin levels and suppression of CD4 count in HIV-infected individuals with highly active antiretroviral therapy [HAART]. Thirty seropositive HIV male patients selected from the Infectious Disease Hospital were classified into two groups according to their immunological and virological response to HAART. The first group included 15 male patients with low viral load and low CD4 counts; the second included 15 male patients with low viral load and high CD4 counts. Morning serum leptin and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels of HIV patients were measured and correlated with fasting serum insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR], HIV viral load and CD4 count. Serum leptin levels were significantly higher in patients with high CD4 counts than in patients with low CD4 counts [mean serum leptin level 47.3 vs. 10.9 ng/ml, respectively; p < 0.0001]. A positive correlation was observed between serum leptin levels and CD4 counts [r = 0.697; p < 0.0001]; positive correlations were also seen between leptin levels and fasting serum insulin and HOMA-IR [r = 0.633, p < 0.0001, and r = 0.537, p < 0.003, respectively]. Serum leptin level was higher in HIV patients with high CD4 count and correlated with fasting serum insulin and HOMA-IR, thereby indicating that HAART treatment could lead to decreased levels of leptin in HIV patients, which might lead to impaired immunological recovery. complications Prevalence of latent TB infection in HIV infected persons in the Sylvanus Olympio teaching hospital of Lome. Adjoh, K.; Wateba, I.M.; Tidjani, O. Pneumologie du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Tokoin - Services des Maladies Infectieuses International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 26.28- (14 ref.) Keywords: Latent Tuberculosis-diagnosis; Tuberculosis-diagnosis; Hospitals, Teaching; Latent Tuberculosis- epidemiology; Prevalence; HIV Abstract: Determine the prevalence of latent TB infection in HIV-infected people. Using a cross-sectional study on HIV-infected persons monitored in the Department of Lung and Infectious Diseases of CHU Sylvanus Olympio of Lome from August 10, 2010 to November 10, 2010. All patients are receiving anti-retroviral therapy and have no clinical or IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 36 radiological symptoms of TB, and had never received tuberculin skin test [TST] in the last 3 months. The CD4 rate of all patients was more than 200 cells/micro l. The diagnosis of latent TB infection is based on the measurement of at least 5 mm of skin induration, 72 h after a subcutaneous injection of 5 IU of purified tuberculin. One hundred and fifty four persons were included in the study, of which 107 were female and 47 were male. The median age was 40 years old. Eleven patients were exposed to a risk of TB and only 70.7% of patients had a BCG scar. A suspicion of former TB was found in 18.8% of patients and approximately 45% of patients were very immunocompro-mised with a CD4 rate between 200 and 350; 117 patients had a positive TST. This represents an overall prevalence of 76% of latent TB infection. The prevalence of latent TB infection obtained with the TST is high in this study. A similar study using the interferon-gamma release assay, which is more specific, would be more helpful to obtain more reliable epidemiological data on patient outcomes and to determine the appropriateness of the use of chemoprophylaxis with isoniazid. Hydrocephalus surgery Fungal granuloma following endoscopic third ventriculostomy for infantile hydrocephalus. Kariyattil, Rajeev; Panikar, Dilip E-mail:rajeevkariyattil@gmail.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Surgery SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 162-164 (11 ref.) Keywords: Granuloma; Central Nervous System Fungal Infections; Mycoses; Endoscopy; Ventriculostomy-adverse effects; Infant Abstract: Endoscopic third ventriculostomy [ETV] is increasingly being used in the treatment of hydrocephalus in infancy. Infective complications rarely occur following ETV and fungal infections or granulomas have not been reported so far. The authors report the occurrence and management of a fungal granuloma incidentally detected during a repeat ventriculoscopy for a non-functioning ETV. Hypertension genetics Association between angiotensin II type 2 receptor gene A/C3123 polymorphism and high- density lipoprotein cholesterol with hypertension in asymptomatic women. Kotani, Kazuhiko; Sakane, Naoki; Taniguchi, Nobuyuki E-mail:kazukotani@jichi.ac.jp Jichi Medical University - National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center - Department of Preventive Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 65-69 (15 ref.) Keywords: Cholesterol, HDL; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Renin-Angiotensin System; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2-genetics Abstract: The present study investigated the association between the angiotensin II type 2 receptor [AT2R] gene adenine/cytosine [A/C]-3123 polymorphism and cardiometabolic variables in subjects with and without hypertension. Cardiometabolic variables, in addition to genotyping by an allele-specific DNA assay, were measured in 161 asymptomatic community-dwelling Japanese women [age range 30-83 years]. They were divided into hypertensive [n = 82, age 50-81 years] and nonhypertensive [n = 79, age 30-83 years] subjects. The A-allele carriers [n = 53] showed significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] levels than the non-A-allele carriers [n = 26] among nonhypertensive subjects [1.45 +/- 0.38 vs. 1.66 +/- 0.33 mmol/l, p = 0.02]. Even when multiple-adjusted analyses were performed, the HDL-C levels continued to differ significantly and independently of other variables, including the body mass index and insulin resistance index, between A-allele and non-A-allele carriers. However, this association was not observed among hypertensive subjects. The present study demonstrated that A-allele carriers had significantly lower HDL-C levels than did non-A-allele carries among nonhypertensive women, while this association was not observed among hypertensive women. This indicates that the A/C3124 polymorphism may be a marker associated with HDL metabolism by hypertension. This was a small study, so further research is warranted to confirm the observed association. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 37 Hypothyroidism physiopathology Epicardial adipose tissue increased in patients with newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroidism. Korkmaz, Levent; Sahin, Sinan; Akyuz, Ali Riza; Ziyrek, Murat; Anaforoglu, Inan; Kose, Mustafa; Erkan, Hakan; Agac, Mustafa Tarik; Acar, Zeydin E-mail:l.korkmaz@yahoo.com Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital - Department of Cardiology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 42-46 (29 ref.) Keywords: Pericardium-pathology; Adipose Tissue; Coronary Disease Abstract: To investigate whether or not patients with subclinical hypothyroidism [SH] have increased epicardial adipose tissue [EAT]. Sixty-one patients with newly diagnosed SH and without any known cardiovascular disease were enrolled. Twenty-four subjects matched for age, gender and body mass index without any thyroid dysfunctions were included as a control group. The EAT was measured by echocardiography and thyroid functions were assessed by routine blood examination. Patients with SH had higher EAT values than control subjects [3.6 +/- 0.9 vs. 2.8 +/- 1.4, p = 0.005]. Also, SH patients with thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] >/= 10 mU/l had higher EAT than those with SH with TSH <10 mU/l and control subjects [p = 0.013]. In addition, while there was significant correlation between EAT and TSH [r = 0.31, p = 0.014] in patients with SH, there was no significant relation between EAT and TSH in normal subjects [r = 0.09, p = 0.64]. There was a higher level of EAT in patients with SH compared with normal subjects and a significant correlation between EAT and TSH was found. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases diagnosis Diagnostic value of ASCA and atypical p-ANCA in differential diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. Mokhtarifar, Ali; Ganji, Azita; Sadrneshin, Mohsen; Bahari, Ali; Esmaeilzadeh, Abbas; Ghafarzadegan, Kamran; Nikpour, Shafagh Mashhad University of Medical Sciences - Imam Reza Hospital - Department of Gastroenterology Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 93-97 (15 ref.) Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae-immunology; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; Diagnosis, Differential Abstract: Worldwide, the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is increasing. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of two serological markers, atypical perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies [atypical-P- ANCA] and anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies [ASCA], with the intent to determine their relationship to ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD], in addition to the location and extent of bowel involvement. There were 97 patients enrolled in this study, 72 diagnosed with UC and 25 with CD. The control group consisted of 40 healthy individuals. ASCA was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and atypical-P-ANCA by indirect immunofluorescence assay [IIF]. For data analyses, we used the chi-square and independent t-tests. Significance was considered to be p<0.05. For CD, the sensitivity of ASCA was 16% and its specificity was 97%. ASCA had a specifity of 90% in UC patients. The atypical P-ANCA test had a sensitivity of 44% and specificity of 86% for UC. The positive predictive value [PPV] for atypical P-ANCA in UC patients was 78% and for the negative predictive value [NPV], it was 58%.There was no correlation between ASCA and atypical P-ANCA results and the location of gastrointestinal [GI] involvement in CD [p=0.61] and UC [p=0.28] patients. According to the results, ASCA and atypical P-ANCA markers are not useful for IBD screening. Our study suggests that atypical P-ANCA is a useful parameter to differentiate UC from CD. However, ASCA is of limited value for screening and differentiating UC from CD. epidemiology Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease in patients from Northwestern Iran. Shirazi, Kourosh Masnadi; Somi, Mohammad Hossein; Bafandeh, Yoosef; Saremi, Firooz; Mylanchy, Nooshin; Rezaeifar, Parisa; Manesh, Nasim Abedi; Mirinezhad, Seyed kazem Tabriz University of Medical Sciences - Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Centre - Department of Internal Medicine Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 86-92 (28 ref.) Keywords: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases-diagnosis; Cross-Sectional Studies; Demography; Severity of Illness Index Abstract: There are few reports from Iran about the epidemiology and clinical features of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]. This study aims to determine the epidemiologic profile and clinical features of IBD in Northwest Iran referral centers. In a cross-sectional setting, we evaluated 200 patients with definitive diagnoses of IBD who referred to Tabriz IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 38 educational hospitals during the period of 2005 to 2007. Demographic characteristics as well as patients' clinical profiles were evaluated. Disease activity and severity were determined by the Crohn's Disease Activity Index and Truelove and Witt's classification of ulcerative colitis [UC]. The related probable demographic factors were tested. Of the 200 IBD patients, 183 [91.5%] were diagnosed with UC and 17 [8.5%] with Crohn's disease [CD]. There was a positive first degree relative of IBD in 10.9% of UC and 11.8% of CD patients. Abdominal pain was the primary presenting symptom in 25.7% of UC patients and in 58.8% of those with CD. Among UC patients, left-sided colitis was the main feature [52.5%]; while in patients with CD, colon involvement was predominant [52.9%]. There was no significant contributor for activity or severity of disease noted among demographic factors. The occurrence of UC was much higher than CD. The onset of IBD occurred in younger ages with a predominance in males. Left-sided colitis in UC and colon involvement in CD was common. Mostly, the pattern of IBD was mild to moderate with good response to pharmacotherapy. Disease activity and severity were unaffected by demographic features. Insulin biosynthesis New sources for insulin-producing cells. Al Turaifi, Hussain R. E-mail:hrturaifi@gmail.com King Fahad Hofuf Hospital - Department of Laboratory and Blood Bank Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 232-239 (95 ref.) Keywords: Insulin-Secreting Cells; Embryonic Stem Cells; Stem Cells; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Cell Transdifferentiation Abstract: Cellular replacement offers the potential of a `cure` for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Shortage of suitable donors limits widespread implementation of this approach. Recent research has been focused on potential new sources of beta-cells including embryonic and adult stem cells, and other organs cells. The contribution of beta-cell replication to new islet formation, in addition to the potential for trans differentiation of pancreatic acini and ductal cells in adult human pancreas is not clear. The existence of true stem cells within pancreas remains contentious issue. In this review, we summarized the possible sources of new insulin-secreting cells. Intracranial Aneurysm complications Scissoring of a cobalt alloy aneurysm clip causing slippage during cerebral aneurysm surgery. Case report and review of literature. Kariyattil, Rajeev; Panikar, Dilip E-mail:rajeevkariyattil@gmail.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 179-182 (16 ref.) Keywords: Cobalt; Intraoperative Complications; Surgical Instruments; Cerebral Angiography; Intracranial Aneurysm- surgery Abstract: Clip slippage is a rare occurrence, and the scissoring or torsional failure of aneurysm clips is rarer still. Titanium clips have been implicated in a few such reported cases. The authors report its occurrence while using a fenestrated cobalt alloy clip for an internal carotid artery aneurysm which was identified by intraoperative angiography and rectified by re-applying a non-fenestrated cobalt alloy clip. The possible mechanism of this complication, and measures that may prevent its occurrence, including meticulous dissection, decompression when possible, proper clip selection, and intraoperative angiogram are described. Intubation methods A novel approach to manage patients with compromised airway. Videoscopic assisted retromolar intubation. Boker, Abdulaziz M. E-mail:aboker@kau.edu.sa King Abdulaziz University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 308-312 (7 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 39 Keywords: Video-Assisted Surgery; Laryngoscopy-methods; Intubation, Intratracheal; Airway Obstruction Abstract: Aids to difficult airway management are essential for safe practice of anesthesia particularly for high-risk patients. This case series described a novel approach of combined use of complementing tools [videolaryngeoscopic assisted retromolar intubation] to enhance airway management of a subset of various high-risk patients with extremely difficult airway. It also addressed the rational for the combination of such approaches as well as the advantages and disadvantages of this technique. In all of the 4 patients, the use of the combined approach resulted in a successful intubation without the need for surgical airway. This technique showed many advantages making it possible to use in cases with life threatening airway obstruction. Intubation, Intratracheal Failure to ventilate: technical error. Chowdhry, Vivek; Rath, Arun E-mail:vivek.chowdhry@gmail.com Care Hospital - Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 99-100 (5 ref.) Keywords: Medical Errors; Airway Obstruction; Anesthesiology-instrumentation; Anesthesia instrumentation Failure of recommended in vitro tests to detect a leak in flexometallic endotracheal tube cuff system: Are we really safe? Kumar, Amitabh; Mullick, Parul; Bhandari, Shyam; Gogia, Anoop R. VMMC and Safdarjang Hospital - Department of Anaesthesia SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 110-112 (2 ref.) Keywords: Equipment and Supplies Irritable Bowel Syndrome Healthcare seeking behavior among subjects with irritable bowel syndrome. Al Huthail, Yaser R. E-mail:yrsh@ksu.edu.sa King Saud University - Psychosomatic Medicine - Psychiatry Department Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 225-231 (90 ref.) Keywords: Behavior; Quality of Life; Culture; Delivery of Health Care Abstract: The behaviors exhibited by individuals who seek healthcare for irritable bowel syndrome [IBS] are numerous, varied, and sometimes controversial, and/or inconsistent. This study aims to review the factors associated with these healthcare seeking behaviors. Through a selective review of the literature, articles were identified by using the following search terms: IBS, healthcare seeking, conventional and non-conventional treatment, cultural factors, and gender differences. The roles of different factors associated with healthcare seeking are discussed. therapy Probiotic vs. placebo in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Amirimani, Behnaz; Nikfam, Sepideh; Albaji, Maryam; Vahedi, Sara; Nasseri, Moghaddam Siavosh; Sharafkhah, Maryam; Ansari, Reza; Vahedi, Homyoon Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Digestive Disease Research Center [DDRC] Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 98-102 (13 ref.) Keywords: Probiotics-therapeutic use; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Lactobacillus reuteri; Placebos Abstract: This study assesses the potential effect of Lactobacillus reuteri as a single strain probiotic preparation [Biogaia[R]] on irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]. Patients diagnosed with IBS who fulfilled Rome III criteria and consented to participate in this study were randomized to receive either the probiotic or an identical placebo once daily for four weeks. Patients used a questionnaire to record any symptoms and adverse reactions over a one-week run-in period and during the final two weeks of intervention. For each group, we calculated the differences between mean scores of the variables and compared the results between groups. Frequency of defecation increased in the Biogaia[R] group and decreased in the placebo group meaningfully. But There were no significant difference in the two groups in other terms of bloating, sense of urgency for defecation, abdominal pain, stool shape, quality of defecation, sense of incomplete evacuation, and treatment satisfaction. The frequency of defecation increased in the Biogaia[R] group and decreased in the placebo group, however this study did not classify patients according to diarrhea or constipated subgroups, the efficacy of this drug is not clear. Hence Lactobacillus reuteri was not better than placebo in controlling IBS symptoms in this study. However, considering the significant placebo effect in IBS patients, it may be necessary to conduct studies with larger numbers of participants to better assess the possible beneficial effects of Biogaia. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 40 Ketorolac administration and dosage Drawing a different conclusion. Anwari, Jamil S. E-mail:jsanwari@hotmail.com Prince Sultan Military Medical City - Department of Anaesthesia SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 108-109 (1 ref.) Keywords: Vitamin B Complex-administration and dosage; Ketorolac-therapeutic use; Vitamin B Complex-therapeutic use; Drug Therapy, Combination; Analgesia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal Klebsiella pneumoniae drug effects High prevalence of Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-mediated resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates from Egypt. Metwally, L.; Gomaa, N.; Attallah, M.; Kamel, N. E-mail:lobna.metwally@gmail.com Suez Canal University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Microbiology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 947-952 (29 ref.) Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae-genetics; beta-Lactams-pharmacology; Carbapenems-pharmacology; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Prospective Studies; Klebsiella pneumoniae-enzymology Abstract: The emergence and rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harbouring the bla[KPC] gene that encodes for carbapenemase production have complicated the management of patient infections. This study in a tertiary care hospital in Egypt used real-time PCR assay to test ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates of K. pneumoniae for the presence of the bla[KPC] gene and compared the results with modified Hodge test. Antibiotic sensitivity was performed by standard methods, and interpreted following both the old CLSI breakpoints [M100-S19] for carbapenems and the revised breakpoints [M100-S22]. From the 45 non-duplicate isolates of K. pneumoniae recovered from different clinical specimens, a high prevalence of ertapenem-nonsusceptible isolates [44.4%] was reported using the new lower CLSI breakpoints. The bla[KPC] gene was confirmed in 14/20 [70.0%] of these isolates. The high prevalence of ertapenem nonsusceptibility at a tertiary care hospital in Egypt was predominantly attributed to K. pneumoniae carbapenemase-mediated resistance mechanisms in K. pneumoniae isolates. Lactones therapeutic use Extract of adenanthera pavonina L. seed reduces development of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pandhare, Ramdas; Sangameswaran, Balakrishnan E-mail:ramdaspandhare83@rediffmail.com Suresh Gyan Vihar University - Research Scholar - Department of Pharmacology Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 233-242 (47 ref.) Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental-therapy; Streptozocin; Rats, Wistar; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diabetes Complications; Seeds; Albuminuria; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated; Proteinuria Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the renal protective effect of Adenanthera pavonina [A. pavonina] seed aqueous extract [APSAE], in streptozotocin [STZ] -induced diabetic rats. The renal protective effect of A. pavonina seed aqueous extract [APSAE] was studied in STZ-induced diabetic rats. APSAE [50, 100 and 200 mg/kg per day] was given daily to diabetic rats for 13 weeks. Blood glucose, serum parameters such as albumin, creatinine, total protein, urea, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c], and urine parameters such as urine protein and albumin were examined. Kidney histopathology was also done. After 13 weeks of treatment, in STZ-induced diabetic rats, severe hyperglycemia was developed, with marked increase in proteinuria and albuminuria. However, APSAE treatment significantly reduced proteinuria, albuminuria, lipid levels, and HbA1c deposition in diabetic rats. These results suggested that APSAE has reduced development of diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and could have beneficial effect in reducing the progression of diabetic nephropathy. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 41 Laparoscopy adverse effects Pain management following laparoscopy: can we do better? Tobias, Joseph D. E-mail:joseph.tobais@nationwidechildrens.org Nationwide Children's Hospital - Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 3-4 (14 ref.) Keywords: Pain Management; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Hydrocortisone-therapeutic use Laryngectomy adverse effects Long-term outcomes of supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy and its modified version. Maoxiao, Yan; Renyu, Lin Zhejiang University School of Medicine - Second Affiliated Hospital - Department of Otorhinolaryngology Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 282-287 (15 ref.) Keywords: Laryngectomy-mortality; Survival Rate; Laryngectomy-methods; Cricoid Cartilage-surgery; Hyoid Bone- surgery Abstract: To investigate the long-term outcomes of supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy [CHEP] and its modified version, in which we reserve the poster inferior borders of both thyroid cartilage laminas to protect swallowing function. This retrospective survival analysis was performed in 86 patients, wherein 46 undergoing CHEP and 40 undergoing modified CHEP. Their decannulation data were reviewed. We used swallowing quality-of-life questionnaire to measure the quality-of-life in 53 of the 65 survivals at the end of the follow-up period in 2011. Of the 53 patients, 24 underwent CHEP, while the remaining by modified CHEP. The log rank test showed no significant difference in survival distributions of 2 the groups [p=0.92]. The decannulation rate was 93.5% in CHEP and 100% in modified CHEP, showing no significant difference. The time span of decannulation in CHEP was 19.0+/-4.6 days, significantly longer than [14.0+/-2.3 days] the modified CHEP [p=0.000]. As to quality-of life data, one-way multivariate analysis of variance, revealed a significant multivariate main effect for groups [p=0.001], and significant univariate main effects in 5 scales out of 11 [p<0.05], which showed a better swallowing life quality in modified CHEP. There was no significant difference in survival rate between the 2 surgeries. The modified CHEP succeeded in earlier decannulation and better long-term swallowing life quality. Thus, modified CHEP is worth promoting, as long as indications were strictly conformed. Learning The impact of small group case-based learning on traditional pharmacology teaching. Tayem, Yasin I. E-mail:yasin.tayem@gmail.com Al Quds University - School of Medicine - Department of Physiology and Pharmacology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 115-120 (13 ref.) Keywords: Pharmacology; Teaching-methods; Students, Medical Abstract: This study aimed to measure medical students' perceptions of incorporating small group case-based learning [CBL] in traditional pharmacology lectures. Data were collected from third-year students [N = 68; 57% males, 43% females] at Al Quds University Medical School, Palestine. The students were offered a CBL-incorporated Pharmacology-2 course after they had been taught Pharmacology-1 in the traditional format during the preceding semester. Student attitudes towards the restructured course were examined by a self-administered structured questionnaire. The majority of students thought that CBL was an effective learning tool for them [82%] and that it improved their learning skills [83%], independent learning skills [74%], analytical skills [70%], and their level of preparation for exams [75%]. Most students reported that team discussions addressed lecture objectives [84%]. Regarding cases discussed, most responders said that the cases were appropriate to the lecture topics [96%] and that the time allocated for case discussion was sufficient [86%]. A large proportion of students thought that CBL improved their communication and collaborative skills [68% and 80%, respectively] and ability to work within a team [79%]. Pharmacology-2 course restructuring led to a significant improvement of self-reported student satisfaction, motivation, and engagement. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 42 Team-based learning applied to a medicinal chemistry course. Walters, D.Eric E-mail:Eric.Walters@RosalindFranklin.edu Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science - College of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 2-3 (5 ref.) Keywords: Teaching-methods; Chemistry; Students, Medical; Education, Medical Legionella pneumophila isolation and purification Isolation and identification of Legionella pneumophila from drinking water in Basra governorate, Iraq. Al Sulami, A.A.; Al Taee, A.M.R.; Yehyazarian, A.A. E-mail:Aminabdulah@yahoo.com University of Basra - College of Education - Department of Biology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 936-941 (32 ref.) Keywords: Drinking Water-microbiology; Water Purification; Water Supply Abstract: This study in Iraq investigated the occurrence of Legionella. Pneumophila in different drinking-water sources in Basra governorate as well as the susceptibility of isolates to several antibiotics. A total of 222 water samples were collected in 2008-2009: 49 samples from water purification plants [at entry points, from precipitation tanks, from filtration tanks and at exit points], 127 samples of tap water; and 46 samples from tankers and plants supplying water by reverse osmosis. The findings confirmed the presence of L. pneumophila in sources of crude water, in general drinking water supplies and drinking water tankers. Of 258 isolates 77.1% were serotype 1 and 22.9% serotypes 2-15. All examined isolates displayed drug resistance, particularly to ampicillin, but were 100% susceptible to doxycycline. The prevalence of L. pneumophila, especially serogroup 1, is a strong indicator of unsuitability of drinking water and requires appropriate action. Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous epidemiology First survey of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Borujerd county, western Islamic Republic of Iran. Ahmadi, N.A.; Modiri, M.; Mamdohi, S. E-mail:nayebalia@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Faculty of Paramedical Sciences - Department of Medical Laboratory Technology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 847-853 (23 ref.) Keywords: Occupations; Residence Characteristics; Seasons; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous-physiopathology Abstract: Lorestan province in the Islamic Republic of Iran has not previously been known as a focus for cutaneous leishmaniasis [CL]. Clinical and epidemiological studies were carried out on patients diagnosed with active CL at the central laboratory in Borujerd city during 1998-2010. A total of 137 patients with corroborated CL were studied [mean estimated annual incidence 4.36 per 100 000 inhabitants]. The male:female ratio was > 11:1. Patients ranged in age from 8-63 years but > 70% were aged 21-40 years and only 1 was </= 10 years. The rate of CL was highest in rural residents [56.9%] and among those working as labourers [38.0%] and drivers [32.8%]. The rate of active lesions on the upper limbs [69.3%] was significantly higher than other locations, and more cases were dry sores [57.7%] than wet sores [42.3%]. The majority of patients [61.3%] had a single active lesion [mean 1.8 ulcers per patient]. This is the first report of CL in the area. Leukoencephalopathies diagnosis Hypomyelinating leukoencephalopathy. Syed, Riaz A. E-mail:paedbrain@yahoo.com King Fahad Military Hospital SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 192-193 (5 ref.) Keywords: Leukoencephalopathies-therapy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 43 Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe diagnosis Oral manifestations of lipoid proteinosis: a case report and literature review. Prakash, S.M. Ravi; Verma, Sankalp; Sumalatha, M.N.; Chattopadhyay, Sayan E-mail:sasan_ravi@rediffmail.com Oral Medicine and Radiology - Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 91-94 (17 ref.) Keywords: Lipoid Proteinosis of Urbach and Wiethe-epidemiology; Consanguinity; Hoarseness; Acneiform Eruptions; Review Literature as Topic; Mouth Abstract: Lipoid proteinosis is an uncommon autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that presents in early life with hoarseness and pox-like acneiform scars involving the skin and mucous membranes. Previous studies have attributed the prevalence of lipoid proteinosis to consanguineous parents. This paper reports a classical case of lipoid proteinosis with oral manifestations but without a history of consanguinity. Lipoma diagnosis A rare case of horse shoe shaped lipoma of the upper extremity. Panse, Nikhil; Sahasrabudhe, Parag; Chandanwale, Ajay; Joshi, Namrata E-mail:nikhil.panse@rediffmail.com BJ Medical College and Sassoon Hospital - Department of Plastic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 41-43 (5 ref.) Keywords: Lipoma-pathology; Lipoma-surgery; Extremities Abstract: Horse shoe shaped lipoma of the upper extremity is a very rare entity. We present a case of 45 years old female who presented with painless progressive swelling over the distal forearm and tingling and numbness over the ulnar nerve territory. MRI and surgical exploration showed a horse shoe shaped multilobulated lipoma encasing the distal ulna. The mass was excised in toto, and the sensory alterations were completely relieved at three months follow up. We would like to highlight this rare occurrence of a horse shoe lipoma and present a detailed history of this case to increase awareness amongst clinicians regarding this condition. Liver Cirrhosis complications Malnutrition in liver cirrhosis: the influence of protein and sodium. Eghtesad, Sareh; Poustchi, Hossein; Malekzadeh, Reza Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Digestive Disease Research Center Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2013; 5 (2): 65-75 (43 ref.) Keywords: Malnutrition-prevention and control; Malnutrition-etiology; Malnutrition-therapy; Dietary Proteins; Sodium Chloride, Dietary; Protein-Energy Malnutrition; Proteins-metabolism; Nutrition Assessment Abstract: Protein calorie malnutrition [PCM] is associated with an increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and occurs in 50%-90% of these patients. Although the pathogenesis of PCM is multifactorial, alterations in protein metabolism play an important role. This article is based on a selective literature review of protein and sodium recommendations. Daily protein and sodium requirements of patients with cirrhosis have been the subject of many research studies since inadequate amounts of both can contribute to the development of malnutrition. Previous recommendations that limited protein intake should no longer be practiced as protein requirements of patients with cirrhosis are higher than those of healthy individuals. Higher intakes of branched-chain amino acids as well as vegetable proteins have shown benefits in patients with cirrhosis, but more research is needed on both topics. Sodium restrictions are necessary to prevent ascites development, but very strict limitations, which may lead to PCM should be avoided. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 44 pathology Increased incidence of abnormal reflux flow in lower extremity veins of cirrhotic patients by doppler ultrasonography. Degirmenci, Nevbahar A.; Ozakyol, Aysegul H.; Atlanoglu, Sahinde; Akcan, Esra; Susuz, Salim E-mail: nakcar@ogu.edu.tr Eskisehir Osmangazi University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Radiology Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 276-281 (18 ref.) Keywords: Veins-pathology; Ultrasonography, Doppler; Veins-ultrasonography; Leg-blood supply; Incidence Abstract: To determine incidence of abnormal reflux flow [ARF] in legs of cirrhotic patients by Doppler ultrasonography [DUS]. We prospectively studied 100 patients and 56 controls from the Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Eskisehir, Turkey, between January 2010 and December 2011. We classified the legs according to the Clinical Etiology Anatomy Pathophysiology [CEAP] scores. Lower extremity superficial and deep veins were examined in supine position by DUS for ARF. Reflux flows more than 1000 msec were considered as abnormal. Abnormal reflux flow was classified in 3 categories as superficial [SARF], deep [DARF], and SARF and/or DARF [ARF]. We also performed abdominal DUS to depict anterior abdominal collateral and paraumbilical vein. Statistical analysis was carried out by using analysis of variance with Tukey test, t-test, and correlation coefficient analysis. Percentages of SARF in patients were 56%, DARF 52%, and ARF 58%. Correlation analysis showed association between SARF or DARF or ARF and cirrhosis [p=0.002, p=0.000, p=0.001]. Patients were distributed within CEAP 1 to CEAP 4. There was an association between SARF or DARF and CEAP 1 [p=0.007, p=0.000] or CEAP 2 [p=0.004, p=0.041] or CEAP 4 [p=0.022, p=0.90]. We showed no correlation between CEAP 3 and SARF or DARF. There were also correlation between paraumbilical vein and SARF [p=0.015]. Cirrhotic patients increased incidence of ARF at lower extremity veins and CEAP classification creates and provides essential information. Low Back Pain [Ergonomic evaluation of occupational low back pain using digital human modeling [DHM] and proposing its preventive countermeasures in one of car manufacturing industry] Mazloumi, A.; Moghaddam, A.A. Keikha; Ghomshe, F. Tabatabai; Mokhtarinia, H.R. Tehran University of Medical Science - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 31-38 (8 ref.) Keywords: Human Engineering; Shear Strength; Compressive Strength; Occupational Health; Industry; Automobiles; Occupational Diseases Abstract: Many methods exist for evaluating ergonomic risk factors for LBP at workplace, including biomechanical, physiological and psychophysical methods. Digital Human Modeling [DHM] as a tool based on computer for ergonomic evaluation that Because having advantages such as saving time and costs in assessment and actively evaluation of ergonomic solutions in the digital environment. Aim of this study was evaluation occupational causes of LBP with the use of digital human modeling. This study was a case quasi-experimental study in the engine assembly of the car manufacturing industry was conducted. First, The characteristics of job and risk factors for low back pain In all workstations were documented, then workstations with high risk of low back disorders were selected. Finally, a workstation for simulating and evaluating in the human digital modeling softwares, which includes 3DSSPP and Catia were selected. A total 22 posture of the lifting and lowering moment of the three tasks of workstation selected for simulation. After evaluation in the digital environment, the risk areas identified and solutions were presented. The results showed that compressive and shear forces on the L5/S1 disc increased with increase of anthropometric dimensions and Horizontal distance from the body and decrease of height Lowering the site, and the percentage of people capable to perform a task in joint, decreased with increase of anthropometric dimensions. Ligament strain in postures with sever bending trunk were more increasing. RULA scores increased with the Unsuitable conditions of back and arms. High risk areas, were mainly related to the low height of pallets in lifting and lowering and high Horizontal distance from the body. According to The results of this study, Biomechanical Causes for LBP, including anthropometric characteristics [height and weight], Horizontal distance of object to the body, height of lifting and lowering location and trunk bending and torsion. This study showed that DHM is an effective tool in the evaluation of job tasks and workplace design, that can be identified risk area in each task and to achieve the ideal design. Using DHM can be implement desired solution in a virtual environment and with the re-evaluation, Be sure of having effective solutions in the real environment. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 45 Lung Neoplasms diagnosis A 63 years old woman with progressive mechanical dysphagia and weight loss: a case presentation. Baghbanian, Mahmud; Salmanroghani, Hasan; Baghbanian, Ali; Samet, Mohammad; Amirbeigy, Mohammad Kazem E-mail:baghbanian1352@gmail.com Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences - Sadoughi Hospital - Department of Gastroenterology Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2013; 6 (2): 106-109 (2 ref.) Keywords: Deglutition Disorders; Weight Loss; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Bronchoscopy Abstract: When considering a patient with dysphagia, an attempt should be made to determine whether the patient has difficulty only with solid boluses [suggestive of mechanical dysphagia] or with liquids and solids [suggestive of a motility dysphagia]. Lesions such as an oesophageal tumor and external pressure effect from a lung tumor or aberrant vessel can lead to mechanical dysphagia. Endoscopy and / or a barium swallow are helpful in identifying the anatomical disarrangement. In this study a patient with progressive mechanical dysphagia is presented that finally diagnosed by as Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma. There were no respiratory symptoms. Diagnosis was made by a computerized tomography scan of the thorax, bronchoscopy and bronchial biopsy. epidemiology Improving outcomes in advanced lung cancer. Maintenance therapy in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Furrukh, Muhammad; Burney, Ikram A.; Kumar, Shiyam; Zahid, Khwaja F.; Al Moundhri, Mansour E-mail: furrukh_1@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University - Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Medicine SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 3-18 (81 ref.) Keywords: Lung Neoplasms-mortality; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; Epidermal Growth Factor; Maintenance Chemotherapy; Molecular Targeted Therapy Abstract: Systemic chemotherapy has remained the traditional treatment for metastatic non-small-cell lung carcinoma [NSCLC], enhancing survival rate at 1 year to 29%. The median survival had plateaued at around 10 months until early 2008, and in an attempt to enhance survival in advanced disease, maintenance chemotherapy trials were initiated which had recently demonstrated prolongation of survival by an additional 2-3 months in patients who had performance status [PS] 0-1 and well-preserved organ functions. Suitable patients with any degree of clinical benefit are treated with 4-6 cycles, and then one of the active agents is continued until best response, or toxicity [continued maintenance], or changed to a cross non-resistant single agent [switch maintenance]. The article briefly reviews the evolution of systemic therapy and describes key randomised trials of maintenance therapy instituting chemotherapy and targeted agents in an attempt to improve outcomes in advanced metastatic NSCLC, based on certain clinical features, histology, and genetics. Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System diagnosis Neuropsychiatric lupus. Al Khotani, Amal E-mail:dr.amalalkhotani@hotmail.com Umm Al-Qura University - Department of Medicine SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 19-25 (38 ref.) Keywords: Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic-epidemiology; Nervous System-pathology; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic-etiology; Neuropsychiatry; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic-diagnosis Abstract: Systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE] is a multisystem autoimmune disease. Involvement of the nervous system, either primary or secondary, is common in SLE, and 19 different neuropsychiatric clinical syndromes have been recognised in association with the disease. Several pathophysiological mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric SLE [NPSLE], including vasculopathy, autoantibodies, and cytokine-mediated tissue injury. Careful evaluation of the patient is required to rule out secondary causes before attributing the neurological symptoms to SLE. Treatment depends on the nature and severity of NPSLE syndrome. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 46 Malocclusion, Angle Class I Vertical changes in class I malocclusion between 2 different extraction patterns. Wang, Yating; Yu, Haixia; Jiang, Chunmiao; Li, Juan; An, Shu; Chen, Qian; Huang, Yifan; Zhao, Zhihe; Wang, Jun Sichuan University - China School of Stomatology - Department of Orthodontics Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 302-307 (24 ref.) Keywords: Cephalometry; Tooth Extraction; Orthodontics Abstract: To compare vertical changes occurring in Class I patients after orthodontic treatment with different extraction patterns in a retrospective study. Records of 47 patients with extraction of maxillary first premolars and mandibular second premolars [4/5, Group A] and 46 patients with extraction of fourth first premolars [4/4, Group B] were obtained in the Orthodontic Department, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China from April 2008 to July 2012. Pretreatment and posttreatment cephalograms were digitized, 8 skeletal and 10 dental cephalometric measurements were selected to evaluate vertical changes. Changes of measurements resulting from orthodontic treatment in each group were compared by paired t-test; changes between 2 groups were compared by Independent t- test. Before treatment, subjects in Group A showed larger angle formed by the intersection of NA and NB lines, overjet, and overbite than those in Group B. After treatment, both groups showed significant vertical changes after orthodontic treatment without remarkable differences between groups. No differences of vertical change were found between the 2 extraction patterns. The hypothesized wedge effects due to mesial movement of posterior teeth might be balanced by the extrusion of posterior teeth as well as the residual growth potentials. Mandibular Prosthesis Implantation adverse effects Stud attachments for the mandibular implant-retained overdentures: prosthetic complications. A literature review. Daou, Elie E. E-mail:dreliedaou@yahoo.com Lebanese University - School of Dentistry - Removable Prosthodontics Department SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 53-60 (96 ref.) Keywords: Denture, Overlay; Review Literature as Topic; Dental Implants Abstract: A plethora of attachment systems for mandibular two-implant overdentures is currently available often without evidence-based support. Technical aspects are now parameters considered when choosing the appropriate attachment. Despite the increasing use of the Locator attachments, studies regarding their properties remain scarce. Peer reviewed articles published in English up to 2011, were identified through a MEDLINE search [Pubmed and Elsevier] and a hand search of relevant textbooks and annual publications. Emphasis was made on the technical complications as well as the loss of retention related to the attachments in implant-retained overdentures, primarily the Locator attachment. The evaluation of the long-term outcome of implant overdentures and complications associated with different attachment systems may provide useful guidelines for the clinician in selecting the type of attachment system and overdenture design. Marriage The pattern of female nuptiality in Oman. Islam, M. Mazharul; Dorvlo, Atsu S.; Al Qasmi, Ahmed M. E-mail:mislam@squ.edu.om Sultan Qaboos University - Department of Mathematics and Statistics SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 32-42 (30 ref.) Keywords: Consanguinity; Demography Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine Omani patterns of female nuptiality, including the timing of marriage and determinants of age at a woman's first marriage. The study Utilised data from the 2000 Oman National Health Survey. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical methods, including logistic regression analysis, were used for data analysis. One of the most important aspects of the marriage pattern in Oman is the high prevalence of consanguineous marriages, as more than half [52%] of the total marriages in Oman are consanguineous. First cousin unions are the most common type of consanguineous unions, constituting 39% of all marriages and 75% of all consanguineous marriages. About 11% of the marriages are polygynous. Early and universal marriage is still highly prevalent in Oman. Three-quarters [75%] of married women respondents aged 20-44 years were married by age 20, with their median age at their first wedding being 16 years. However, women's average age upon marriage is gradually increasing. The change is especially apparent in more recent marriages or among younger cohorts of women, and for certain socio-cultural groups. Multivariate analysis identified female education, age cohort, residential status, region of residence, types of marriage, and employment as strong predictors of Omani women's age at marriage. The growing number of young adults, accompanied by their tendency to delay marriage, may have serious demographic, social, IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 47 economic, and political ramifications for Oman, highlighting the need to understand the new situation of youth, their unique characteristics, and their interests and demands. Culturally appropriate policies need to be implemented to address the issues and challenges of unmarried young adults. Maxillary Sinus ultrastructure Cone beam CT evaluation of maxillary sinus septa prevalence, height, location and morphology in children and an adult population. Orhan, Kaan; Seker, Basak Kusakci; Aksoy, Secil; Bayindir, Hakan; Berberoglu, Atilla; Seker, Emre E-mail: call53@yahoo.com Ankara University - Faculty of Dentistry - Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 47-53 (30 ref.) Keywords: Maxillary Sinus-anatomy and histology; Maxillary Sinus-radiography; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography; Child; Adult; Prevalence; Dental Implants; Maxillary Sinus-surgery Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, height, location and morphology of maxillary sinus septa in dentate, partially dentate and edentulous adults as well as in mixed dentition children using cone beam computed tomography [CBCT] for maxillary sinus surgical interventions. Five hundred and fifty-four sides in the CBCT scans of 272 patients [30 children and 242 adults] were retrospectively analyzed. The prevalence, location and morphology were assessed in axial, sagittal, cross-sectional and panoramic 3-dimensional images. The height of septa was measured with the angle between the direction of the septum and median palatine suture. The differences among age, localization and measurements were statistically analyzed. The prevalence of maxillary sinus segments with septa was 58%. There were a total of 13 [3.2%] septa of completely edentulous [CE], 198 [53.9%] septa of edentate and 14 [3.8%] septa of the mixed dentition maxillary segments. The location of septa observed in all study groups demonstrated a greater prevalence [69.1%] in the middle region than in the anterior and posterior regions. No statistically significant differences were observed with regard to gender or age, for septum height [p > 0.05]. However, maxillary sinus septa are higher in partially edentulous patients than edentate and CE ones [p < 0.05]. Septa of various heights and courses developed in all parts of the maxillary sinus, therefore to prevent possible complications during sinus surgery, extensive evaluation with an appropriate radiographic technique was indispensable. Meningitis diagnosis Is cerebrospinal fluid C-reactive protein a better tool than blood C-reactive protein in laboratory diagnosis of meningitis in children? Malla, Kalpana K.; Malla, Tejesh; Rao, K. Seshagiri; Basnet, Sahisnuta; Shah, Ravi E-mail: kalpana_malla@hotmail.com Manipal College of Medical Sciences - Department of Pediatrics SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 93-99 (21 ref.) Keywords: Meningitis-cerebrospinal fluid; Cerebrospinal Fluid; C-Reactive Protein; Prospective Studies Abstract: This study aimed to test whether C-reactive protein [CRP] measurement could differentiate between different types of meningitis and become a routine test. A prospective study included 140 children admitted to Manipal Teaching Hospital, Pokhara, Nepal, between July 2009 and June 2011. The subjects had a blood test and detailed cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] analysis, including blood and CSF CRP levels. Of those admitted, 31.1% had pyogenic meningitis [PM], 26.2% partially treated meningitis [PPM], 33% viral meningitis [VM], and 9.7% tubercular meningitis [TBM], with 26.4% controls. Organisms were isolated in 12.5% of the cases by blood culture and 25% of cases through CSF culture. Blood CRP was positive in all groups, with the highest values in PM [53.12 +/- 28.88 mg/dl] and PPM [47.55 +/- 34.34 mg/dl]; this was not statistically significant [P = 0.08]. The CSF CRP levels were significantly higher [P <0.001] in PM [45.75 +/- 28.50 mg/dl] and PPM [23.11 +/- 23.98 mg/dl]. The sensitivity and specificity of blood CRP was 90.62%, 88.88%, 64.7%, 70% and 32.4%, 30.97%, 24.52%, 26.12% and that of CSF CRP was 96.87%, 66.66%, 20.58%, 10% and 74.73%, 63.71%, 50.94%, 55.35% for PM, PPM, VM and TBM, respectively. Because of its high sensitivity, both CSF CRP and blood CRP can be used to screen for bacterial meningitis [both PM and PPM]. CSF CRP screening yielded results with a higher specificity than blood CRP; hence, it can be a supportive test along with CSF cytology, biochemistry, and microbiology for diagnosing meningitis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 48 Meningitis, Meningococcal epidemiology Patterns of meningococcal infection in Sudan with emergence of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135. Karsany, M.S.; Elshayeb, A.A.; Saeed, E.S.; Elaagib, R.; Ibrahim, S.A.; El Samani, E.; Hussien, K.; Salih, K.M. Karary University - College of Medical Laboratory Sciences - Department of Microbiology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 843-846 (25 ref.) Keywords: Meningococcal Vaccines; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup A; Neisseria meningitidis, Serogroup C; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Seasons; Meningitis, Meningococcal-prevention and control Abstract: This study was conducted during the 2004-2006 epidemic of meningitis in Sudan to follow-up the frequency of disease outbreak or endemic waves and to evaluate the new quadrivalent vaccine for actual application. Samples were collected from Darfur, El Gedaref, Kassala and Khartoum States and transported to the National Health Central Laboratory in Khartoum. Of 196 patients with clinical symptoms and signs of meningitis, conventional culture identified Neisseria meningitidis in 37 [18.9%], confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. N. meningitidis type A was identified in 29 [78.4%] patients, type C in 3 [8.1%] and N. meningitidis W135 in 5 [15.5%]. The serotyping and molecular diagnosis patterns of N. meningitidis showed the emergence of the new strain,W 135, in patients from the borders of Sudan, 3 from the West Darfur, and 1 each from El Gedaref and Kassala. These could be related to the movement of pilgrims through the borders to Saudi Arabia in the Hajj season. Serious consideration may be needed for quadrivalent vaccination to prevent seasonal and Hajj season outbreaks. Metabolic Syndrome X blood High C reactive protein associated with increased pulse wave velocity among urban men with metabolic syndrome in Malaysia. Aminuddin, Amilia; Zakaria, Zaiton; Fuad, Ahmad F.; Kamsiah, Jaarin; Othman, Faizah; Das, Srijit; Kamisah, Yusof; Qodriyah, Haji S.; Jubri, Zakiah; Nordin, Nor Anita M.; Ngah, Wan Z. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center - Department of Physiology Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 266-275 (54 ref.) Keywords: Urban Population; C-Reactive Protein-analysis; Pulse Wave Analysis; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: To determine the association between carotid femoral pulse wave velocity [PWV[CF]]; augmentation index [AI]; and high-sensitivity C reactive protein [hs-CRP] with metabolic syndrome [MetS], and to determine the influence of ethnicity on PWV[CF] and AI, and the association between high hs-CRP and increased PWV, and AI in MetS. A cross- sectional study was conducted at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia from September 2009 to September 2011. Three hundred and eighty men [Chinese and Malays] were recruited from the study. The PWV[CF] and AI were measured by Vicorder [SMT Medical, Wuerzburg, Germany]. The hs-CRP level was also determined. We defined MetS using the International Diabetes Federation [IDF] and harmonized criteria. Malays had higher AI compared to the Malaysian Chinese. Patients with MetS had higher PWV[CF] [IDF criteria: 8.5 [8.3-8.7] versus 8.2 [8.0-8.4] m/s, p=0.03; harmonized criteria: 8.5 [8.4-8.7] versus 8.2 [8.0-8.4] m/s, p=0.007] and hs-CRP [IDF criteria: 0.9+/-2.0 versus 0.4+/-1.1 mg/L, p=0.0007; harmonized criteria: 0.8+/-1.9 versus 0.4+/-1.1 mg/L, p=0.002] compared to non-MetS. In subjects with MetS, those with high hs-CRP [>3mg/L] had higher PWV[CF]. Augmentation index values were significantly higher in Malays compared with Malaysian Chinese. Metabolic syndrome was associated with increased PWV[CF] and hs-CRP. Patients with MetS and high hs-CRP were associated with higher PWV[CF]. The measurement of hs-CRP reflects the degree of subclinical vascular damage in MetS. Morphine pharmacology The role of GABAB receptors in morphine self-administration. Ramshini, Effat; Alaei, Hojjatallah; Reisi, Parham; Alaei, Samaneh; Shahidani, Somaye Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine - Department of Physiology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 158-164 (42 ref.) Keywords: Receptors, GABA-B; Rats, Wistar; Morphine Dependence; Baclofen; Self Administration Abstract: There is only little information about the effects of GABA receptors agonist and antagonist on morphine self- administration. Present study was designed to assess role of GABAB receptors in the regulation of morphine- reinforced self-administration. This study was performed in four groups of rats: [1] Saline group, which received saline IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 49 in the self-administration session. [2] Morphine group, which received morphine in saline solution in the self- administration session. [3] Baclofen + Morphine group, which received both baclofen 20 min before self- administration test and morphine in the self-administration session. [4] Phaclofen + Morphine group, which received both phaclofen 20 min before self- administration test and morphine in the self-administration session. The number of lever pressing and self-infusion were recorded. Morphine significantly increased the number of active lever pressing dose dependently in self-administration session in comparative with saline group. Administration of baclofen, 20 min before morphine self-administration produced significant decrease in the initiation of morphine self-administration during all session. Conversely, pre-treatment of phaclofen increased the number of active lever pressing and self-infusion in this test. Our results indicated a short-term treatment by baclofen, reduced morphine-maintenance response in a dose- dependent manner, suggesting that GABAB receptor agonists could be useful for reversing the neuroadaptations related to opiates. Mucormycosis complications Bilateral ocular ischaemic syndrome-rare complication of rhinocerebral mucormycosis in an Omani patient. Case report and literature review. Al Jabri, Samiya; Al Abri, Mohamed; Al Hinai, Ahmed; Al Azri, Faisal Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Ophthalmology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 137-142 (14 ref.) Keywords: Eye-blood supply; Ischemia; Carotid Stenosis; Fluorescein Angiography; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abstract: Ocular ischaemic syndrome [OIS] is a relatively uncommon condition. Simultaneous bilateral involvement is even less common and has been reported in only 22% of all cases of OIS. It has variable clinical presentations, of which visual loss and ocular pain are the most common. It is believed to occur when there is a 90% or greater carotid artery obstruction. This syndrome is often associated with a number of systemic diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Only occasionally has it been described as a complication of rhinocerebral mucormycosis. We report an unusual case of bilateral OIS secondary to bilateral internal carotid artery thrombosis as a complication of invasive rhinocerebral mucormycosis. In addition, a review of clinical presentation, diagnostic work-up and treatment options for OIS is provided. Multiple Pulmonary Nodules radionuclide imaging The role of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of pulmonary nodules and masses. Alper, Fatih; Kurt, Adile Tuba Polat; Aydin, Yener; Ozgokce, Mesut; Akgun, Metin Ataturk University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Radiology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 80-86 (28 ref.) Keywords: Lung Neoplasms-radionuclide imaging; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Prospective Studies Abstract: The aim of our study was to determine whether or not dynamic magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] with kinetic and morphological parameters can reveal significant differences between malignant and benign pulmonary lesions, and thus to evaluate the use of dynamic MRI in the management of pulmonary nodules. Thirty-one patients [4 women and 27 men] underwent 1.5 T MRI, where 10 consecutive dynamic series were performed every 30 s by using 3D fast low-angle shot sequences. The percentage increase in the signal intensity of the lesions was determined for each time point. Time-enhancement curves of the lesions were drawn and classified into four types: A, B, C and D. Early peak [EP] and maximum peak [MP] values of the curves were calculated and compared with the diagnoses of the patients. The usefulness of these parameters was tested statistically. In addition to the comparison of the parameters between the groups, receiver-operating characteristic analysis was used to assess sensitivity, specificity, and both positive and negative predictive values of EP and MP parameters. Of the 31 pulmonary lesions, 16 [52%] were malignant. These showed a stronger enhancement with higher median values of EP and MP [77.08 and 123.15, respectively] than those corresponding to the benign lesions [14.45 and 32.53, respectively]. There were significant differences between the benign and malignant lesions [p < 0.001]. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 75,93,92 and 78% for EP and 93, 86, 88 and 93% for MP, respectively. A combination of kinetic and morphological evaluation in dynamic MRI provided accurate differentiation between benign and malignant pulmonary lesions. It was a useful and noninvasive method of evaluating pulmonary nodules. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 50 Mycobacterium tuberculosis Fate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in peroxidase-loaded resting murine macrophages. Mendoza Aguilar, Melby Dessire; Arce Paredes, Patricia; Aquino Vega, Mayda; Rodriguez Martinez, Sandra; Rojas Espinosa, Oscar Instituto Politecnico Nacional - Escuela Nacional de Ciencais Biologicas - Departamento de Inmunologia International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 3-13 (34 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis; Macrophages; Peroxidase; Mice; Nitric Oxide; Hydrogen Peroxide Abstract: Myeloperoxidase [MPO], in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and a halide represent an efficient microbicidal mechanism of phagocytic cells. MPO is abundant in neutrophils which also respond to infection by producing large amounts of reactive oxygen species [ROS]. MPO, ROS and halide constitute a very toxic antimicrobial system [called the Klebanoff system or KS]. Resting mature macrophages do not contain granular MPO and thus are unable to kill pathogenic mycobacteria and some other microorganisms by this system. Under the hypothesis that transforming macrophages into peroxidase-positive [PO[+]] cells, these cells would be able to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in this study, mature macrophages were loaded with exogenous peroxidase and were tested for their capacity to kill the Mycobacterium in the presence or in the absence of hydrogen peroxide. It was found that PO-loaded macrophages eagerly ingest M. tuberculosis, but do not show a significant mycobactericidal activity on this microorganism despite that it is highly susceptible to the Klebanoff system in vitro. Failure of PO-loaded macrophages to kill M. tuberculosis may obey either to an inappropriate location of the exogenous PO in these cells or more likely, to the presence of efficient detoxifying mechanisms in the bacteria. On the contrary, MPO-loaded or unloaded macrophages efficiently killed Listeria monocytogenes. The lack of granular MPO in mature macrophages, and the predilection of mycobacteria to infect these cells are two situations that favor the development of tuberculosis and related diseases, such as leprosy and Buruli ulcer. Molecular typing of Mycobacterium spp. isolates from Yemeni tuberculosis patients. AI Mahbashi, A.A.; Mukhtar, M.M.; Mahgoub, E.S. University of Sana'a - Faculty of Science - Department of Microbiology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 942-946 (17 ref.) Abstract: This study was done to characterize at the species level Mycobacterium spp. isolates from Yemeni pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Early-morning sputum samples were collected from 170 patients referred to the National Tuberculosis Institute in Sana'a city with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis. Samples were processed with Ziehl-Neelsen stain and cultured in Ogawa and Lowenstein-Jensen media. The rpoB gene target sequence was amplified using mutagenesis forward and reverse primers followed by Hindlll enzyme digestion. Of the 120 isolates analysed, 118 [98.3%] were identified as M. tuberculosis complex and 2 [1.7%] were identified as mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis. The results showed that those 2 isolates were multi-drug resistant and the DMA sequencing analysis showed that the alignment of nucleic acid of DNAin isolates of mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis was different from that of M tuberculosis complex. drug effects Inconsistencies in drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: current riddles and recommendations. Varghese, Bright; Al Omari, Ruba; Al Hajoj, Sahal E-mail:bvarghese99@kfshrc.edu.sa King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre - Mycobacteriology Research Section - Department of Infection and Immunity International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 14-17 (12 ref.) Keywords: Antitubercular Agents; Tuberculosis; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant; Genotype Abstract: Drug susceptibility testing [DST] of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a crucial procedure to determine the effective drug regimen for patients' treatment. Reporting of erroneous DST results to the treating physician has adulterous effects on patients. As a first study of its type, the inconsistencies in reporting DST results of rifampicin and isoniazid from Saudi Arabia were assessed. An automated liquid culture-based DST and a molecular mutation detection technique were used. Performance of first-line drug susceptibility testing of 1904 clinical isolates showed 44 inconsistent results. The majority of the cases reported as MDR-TB from the referral laboratories could not reproduce the same results at a different site [Mycobacteriology Research Section]. Of the 44 cases, 16 [36.3%] showed false resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin and on the other hand, 14 [31.8%] cases showed false susceptibility to the same drugs. The possible causes for the inconsistencies and recommendations to overcome the biases based on this experience are discussed. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 51 growth and development Vitamin D enhances IL-1 beta secretion and restricts growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in macrophages from TB patients. Eklunda, Daniel; Persson, Hans Lennart; Larsson, Marie; Welin, Amanda; Idh, Jonna; Paues, Jakob; Fransson, Sven Goran; Stendahl, Olle; Schon, Thomas; Lerm, Maria Linkoping University - Faculty of Health Sciences - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 18-25 (25 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis-drug effects; Macrophages; Vitamin D-pharmacology; Vitamin D-therapeutic use; Hydroxycholecalciferols; 25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2; Calcitriol; Interleukin-1beta Abstract: The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB], the bacterium responsible for tuberculosis [TB], has rekindled the interest in the role of nutritional supplementation of micronutrients, such as vitamin D, as adjuvant treatment. Here, the growth of virulent MTB in macrophages obtained from the peripheral blood of patients with and without TB was studied. The H37Rv strain genetically modified to express Vibrio harveyi luciferase was used to determine the growth of MTB by luminometry in the human monocyte-derived macrophages [hMDMs] from study subjects. Determination of cytokine levels in culture supernatants was performed using a flow cytometry-based bead array technique. No differences in intracellular growth of MTB were observed between the different study groups. However, stimulation with 100 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D significantly enhanced the capacity of hMDMs isolated from TB patients to control the infection. This effect was not observed in hMDMs from the other groups. The interleukin [IL]-1 beta and IL-10 release by hMDMs was clearly increased upon stimulation with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Furthermore, the 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D stimulation also led to elevated levels of TNF-alpha [tumor necrosis factor-alpha] and IL-12p40. It was concluded that vitamin D triggers an inflammatory response in human macrophages with enhanced secretion of cytokines, as well as enhancing the capacity of hMDMs from patients with active TB to restrict mycobacterial growth. isolation and purification Utility and diagnostic performance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex by two immunochromatographic assays as compared with the molecular Genotype assay in Nigeria. Pokam, Benjamin Thumamo; Asuquo, Anne E.; Goh, Khye Seng; Abia Bassey, Lydia N.; Rastogi, Nalin E-mail: thumamo@yahoo.fr University of Buea - Faculty of Health Sciences - Department of Medical Laboratory Science International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 34-37 (24 ref.) Keywords: Immunochromatography; Genotype; Genotyping Techniques; Tuberculosis-diagnosis; Clinical Laboratory Techniques Abstract: Among the disadvantages of smear microscopy for detection of tuberculosis cases is its inability to differentiate between Mycobacterium tuberculosis [MTB] and non-tuberculous mycobacteria [NTM]. This study evaluated two, new immunochromatographic assays - Capilia TB-Neo and SD Bioline - on unheated and heated cultures at 80°C for 30 min respectively for their ability to discriminate between MTB complex and NTM as compared with the molecular Genotype assay. Mycobacteria used in the study were obtained from smear-positive specimens collected from patients at four major hospitals in Cross River State, Nigeria. Capilia TB-Neo and SD Bioline showed sensitivities of 98.8% and 93.8% respectively and 100% specificity for both assays. Heating the isolates did not significantly impact the test performance. Both tests are recommended for use in rapid differentiation of strains isolated in Nigeria. Myelinolysis, Central Pontine diagnosis Central pontine myelinolysis in the hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state. Hegazi, Mohamed Osama; Mashankar, Anant E-mail:drosama02@gmail.com Al Adan Hospital - Department of Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 96-99 (10 ref.) Keywords: Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma; Diabetes Mellitus; Demyelinating Diseases Abstract: To report a rare association of central pontine myelinolysis [CPM] with hyperosmolar hyperglycaemic state [HHS]. A diabetic female presented with HHS and prolonged severe hypernatraemia. The metabolic derangement was adequately treated with proper correction of both hyperglycaemia and hypernatraemia. Lack of improvement in the presenting confusional state and the development of a fresh neurological deterioration led to the suspicion of CPM that was confirmed with magnetic resonance imaging. She fully recovered after 4 weeks with no specific medical treatment. This case report showed that osmotic demyelination was linked to hypernatraemia and that CPM could result from severe hypernatraemia of HHS. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 52 Nanotechnology Nanorobots: future in dentistry. Shetty, Neetha J.; Swati, P.; David, K. E-mail:neetharajesh2000@gmail.com Manipal University - Manipal College of Dental Sciences - Department of Periodontics, Mangalore SDJ - Saudi Dental Journal [The] 2013; 25 (2): 49-52 (14 ref.) Keywords: Dentistry; Mouth Neoplasms-diagnosis; Bone Substitutes; Dental Implants; Robotics Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review the phenomenon of nanotechnology as it might apply to dentistry as a new field called nanodentistry. Treatment possibilities might include the application of nanotechnology to local anesthesia, dentition renaturalization, the permanent cure for hypersensitivity, complete orthodontic realignment in a single visit, covalently bonded diamondized enamel, and continuous oral health maintenance using mechanical dentifrobots. Dental nanorobots could be constructed to destroy caries-causing bacteria or to repair tooth blemishes where decay has set in, by using a computer to direct these tiny workers in their tasks. Dental nanorobots might be programed to use specific motility mechanisms to crawl or swim through human tissue with navigational precision, to acquire energy, to sense and manipulate their surroundings, to achieve safe cytopenetration, and to use any of a multitude of techniques to monitor, interrupt, or alter nerve-impulse traffic in individual nerve cells in real time. Nerve Block methods A superior drug delivery system for peripheral nerve block procedures. Shetti, Akshaya N. Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute - Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 96- (1 ref.) Keywords: Drug Delivery Systems; Peripheral Nerves Nerve Compression Syndromes etiology Meralgia paresthetica after total hip arthroplasty in supine position. Chauhan, Gaurav; Gupta, Kapil; Nayar, Pavan E-mail:gaurav17783@rediffmail.com Safdarjang Hospital - Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 105-106 (5 ref.) Keywords: Nerve Compression Syndromes-diagnosis; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip-adverse effects; Postoperative Complications Noise prevention and control [Evaluation of noise pollution and possibility of its control in a petrochemical plant] Nassiri, P.; Dehghan, S.F.; Monazzam, M.R. Tehran University of Medical Science - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 1-8 (20 ref.) Keywords: Noise-adverse effects; Occupational Health; Environmental Exposure; Health Priorities Abstract: This study was conducted to assess noise pollution in one of the petrochemical complex and take practical measures to reduce it. The companyis located in site 4 of Mahshahr Special Economic Zone. In the first phase of the research, environmental noise was measured to determine the noise levels in the different sections of the plant and also identify the main sound sources.Then, using the basic acoustic knowledge, a formula has been proposed as an index of noise control priority to select one section of the plant as the first priority for controlling noise. The main sound source of the selected section was known by referring to noise maps and contours and finally its acoustic properties were analyzed. The results showed that safety; caution and danger areas of the plant under study were 16.7%, 74.5% and 8.8% respectively and a major part of the danger zone [about 54%] was related to unit Air. Noise level in 24 percent of the caution zone ranged from 80 to 85 dBA and also it was above 90 dBA in 33.4% of danger areas. Compression section which was located in unit Air was known as first priority based on Noise Control Priority Index. Dryer machines were the main sound source in this section. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 53 Nurses organization and administration Factors affecting the retention of nurses. A survival analysis. Alonazi, Noufa A.; Omar, Maye A. E-mail:dralonazi@hotmail.com - Department of Pediatrics Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 288-294 (23 ref.) Keywords: Employee Performance Appraisal; Cohort Studies; Personnel Turnover Abstract: To identify and explore factors that mostly influence nurses' turnover and retention, and to estimate the length of employment for nurses in the hospital. This is a retrospective cohort study examining the standard Exit Questionnaires completed by all the female pediatric nurses who joined and left the hospital during the period between January 2006 and October 2010. The Developed Questionnaires where completed by nurses who were still employees in October 2010. The nurses who left the job will be considered as events and the nurses who are still working will be considered as censored. The study took place at the Pediatric Department, Prince Sultan Military Medical City [PSMMC], Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A total of 254 nurses were included in the study. Most of the nurses left their jobs due to family reasons [39.7%] followed by other reasons [37.3%]. Seventy five percent of all the pediatric nurses remained in their jobs, on average, for 2.2 years. Both simple and multivariate analysis indicated a strong positive correlation between length of employment [turnover] and the demographic and organization factors. This study has identified several factors that played a key role in staff retention, which can help in predicting nursing turnover at PSMMC. The findings of this study could help PSMMC and its Nursing Administration, in particular, to understand the seriousness of the high turnover rates, to develop and implement strategies to reduce this problem, and improve the retention of nursing staff. Nutrition Assessment Prognostic factors of Atractylisgummifem L poisoning, Morocco. Achour, S.; Rhalem, N.; Elfakir, S.; Khattabi, A.; Nejjari, C.; Mokhtari, A.; Soulaymani, A.; Soulaymani, R. E-mail:achoursanae@gmail.com University Hospital - Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez - Laboratory of Toxicology EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 953-959 (22 ref.) Abstract: In Morocco, acute Atmctylis gummifera L. poisoning represents the leading cause of death by plant poisoning especially for children. All cases received in the Moroccan poison control centre from January 1981 to December 2009 [n = 467] were included in a retrospective study of the characteristics and risk factors of A gummifera L. poisoning The most vulnerable age group was children [63,4% of cases]. Most cases were due to accidental exposure [75.5%], but some were from therapeutic use [18.1%] or attempted abortion [7.4%]. Patients presented with moderate poison seventy signs [grade 2] in 22.3% of cases or severe signs [grade 3] in 21.0%. The mortality rate was 39.2%. The majority of deaths [81.1%] occurred in children aged < 15 years following accidental exposure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that risk factors for mortality were coma [OR = 20.5]; hepatitis [OR = 52.7] and rural residence [OR - 7.26], while gastric decontamination was a protector factor [OR - 0.26]. Obesity epidemiology A comparison between international obesity task force and center for disease control references in assessment of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Babol, Northern Iran. Hajian Tilaki, Karimollah; Heidari, Behzad E-mail:drhajian@yahoo.com Babol University of Medical Sciences - Department of Social Medicine and Health IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 226-232 (40 ref.) Keywords: Advisory Committees; Overweight-epidemiology; Adolescent; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: This study compares the Center for Disease Control [CDC] and International Obesity Task Force [IOTF] references in assessment of overweight and obesity among Iranian adolescents. The data of this study was drawn from a cross sectional study of a representative sample of 1200 adolescents aged 12-17 years in Babol, northern Iran. A standard procedure was used to measure height and weight and the body mass index was calculated. Each subject was classified as overweight and obese based on IOTF cut off values of BMI and CDC references BMI percentile sets by age and sex. The kappa coefficients were estimated for the degree of agreement. In assessment of obesity/overweight prevalence, the CDC and IOTF references produced a similar estimate by age group and sex. The maximum differences was about 1% and the kappa coefficients was 0.96 to 1 [P = 0.001]. While for assessment of IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 54 obesity, the CDC reference produced slightly a higher rate of obesity and the difference in prevalence between the two sets of references was ranged from 1.4% to 3.2% with kappa coefficients: 0.90 to 0.70 [P = 0.001] depending on the age group and sex and a greater difference was observed among younger age group. The findings suggest an excellent agreement between the TOTF and CDC references in assessment of overall overweight/ obesity prevalence among adolescent boys and girls. While in assessment of obesity prevalence alone the degree of agreement between the two sets of references slightly diminished. Overall, the two references are comparable and the agreement varies a little with respect to age and sex. Occupational Exposure [Assessment of occupational exposure to total dust and crystalline silica in construction workers of metro, Tehran] Kakoei, H.; Mousavi, S.; Panahi, D.; Azari, M. Rezazadeh; Hosseini, M. Hamedan University of Medical Science - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 25-30 (15 ref.) Keywords: Dust; Occupational Health; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Silicon Dioxide; Construction Industry-manpower Abstract: Exposure to crystalline silica in the construction workers such as miners and diggers are widespread. Exposure to respirable silica [quartz] can results in silicosis. The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of each workers and component task to total dust and respirable quartz exposure in the tunnel of metro. The assessment of crystalline silica and total dust was performed according to standard procedure [NIOSH 7601]. Both total dust and quartz levels were high. The results of total dust in the digging process [37.63 +/- 0.76 mg/m[3]] were higher than in the cement work [9.88 +/- 0.80 mg/m[3]]. The maximum 8 h time-weight average concentration for quartz was found among the digging workers [0.407 +/- 0.006 mg/m[3]], followed by the barbed workers [0.11 +/- 0.008 mg/m[3]]. It can be concluded that the total dust contains high amounts of crystalline silica and it is responsible for the occupational exposure to quartz in construction workers. Thus, it is to be expected that the construction workers will suffer negative health effects due to exposure to the quartz dust. Occupational Health [Comprehension of workplace safety signs: a case study in an industrial company in Shiraz] Zamanian, Z.; Jahangiri, M.; Nowrouzi, M.A.; Afshin, A.; Nemati, A.; Davoudian talab, A.H.; Aghaei, H. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences - School of Public Health and Nutrition - Occupational Health Department Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 47-52 (15 ref.) Keywords: Safety Management; Safety; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: Safety signs provide information as well as instructions concerning the hazard or dangers in the workplace. The correct comprehension of these signs is very important for doing the necessary feedback in the specific situation which they are described. In this cross sectional study, the comprehension of 10 selected safety signs were investigated in 53 randomly selected employees of an industrial company in Shiraz. The comprehension test was carried out by aid a standard questionnaire obtained from ISO 9186-1:2007. In this study the mean comprehension scores of the tested signs was 65.95 percent with standard deviation if 28.7. The highest and lowest comprehension scores were for "use hearing protectors" and "biological hazard" respectively. The comprehension of 40 percent of tested safety signs was lower than the minimum acceptable values of ISO 3864 and ANSI Z535.3 standards. This study showed that there is a significant difference in comprehensions of tested safety signs. For full comprehension of safety signs it is necessary to train the employees or adding supplementary text to the symbols in some cases. Pacemaker, Artificial adverse effects The practical approach to discerning between atrial lead displacement and reversal in dual chamber pacemakers. Al Mehairi, M.; Hubaishi, Y.; Al Ghamdi, S.; Al Fagih, A. E-mail:bu_mattar@hotmail.com Prince Sultan Cardiac Center - Department of Adult Cardiology Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 103-105 (2 ref.) Keywords: Electrocardiography Abstract: We describe a 12-lead electrocardiogram image of a pacemaker malfunction due to atrial lead displacement. Facilitating the understanding of pacemaker timing cycles could explain the underlying mechanisms in this instance. This review utilizes the feature of the ventricular safety pacing interval to discern between atrial lead displacement and reversal. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 55 Paclitaxel adverse effects Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor COL-3 prevents the development of paclitaxel-induced hyperalgesia in mice. Parvathy, Subramanian S.; Masocha, Willias Kuwait University - Faculty of Pharmacy - Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 35-41 (30 ref.) Keywords: Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors-therapeutic use; Mice; Hyperalgesia-prevention and control; Hyperalgesia-etiology; Cytokines; Chemokines Abstract: To study the potential of chemically modified tetracycline-3 [COL-3], a potent matrix metalloproteinase [MMP] inhibitor, to protect against the development of paclitaxel-induced painful neuropathy and its immunomodulatory effects. The reaction latency to thermal stimuli [hot plate test] of female BALB/c mice was recorded before and after treatment with paclitaxel [2 mg/kg i.p.], paclitaxel plus COL-3 [4, 20 or 40 mg/kg p.o.] or their vehicles for 5 consecutive days. Gene transcripts of CD11b [marker for microglia], 5 cytokines [IFN-gamma, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF- alpha] and 3 chemokines [CCL2, CXCL10 and CX3CL1] were quantified by real-time PCR in the brains, spinal cords and spleens of mice sacrificed on day 7 after treatment. Treatment with paclitaxel reduced the reaction latency time to thermal stimuli [thermal hyperalgesia] for 4 weeks, with maximum effect on days 7 and 10. The coadministration of paclitaxel with COL-3 40 mg/kg, but not lower doses, prevented the development of paclitaxel-induced thermal hyperalgesia. Treatment with paclitaxel alone or coadministration with COL-3 increased CD11b transcript levels in the brain but not in the spinal cord. Treatment with paclitaxel reduced IL-6 transcript levels in the spinal cord but did not alter the transcript levels of other cytokines or chemokines in the brain, spinal cord or spleen. The coadministration of COL-3 with paclitaxel significantly increased the transcript levels of IL-6 in the spleen and decreased CX3CL1 transcripts in the brain in comparison to treatment with paclitaxel alone. Our results indicate that the MMP inhibitor COL-3 protected against paclitaxel-induced thermal hyperalgesia and, thus, could be useful in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced painful neuropathy. Pain, Postoperative therapy The analgesic efficacy of ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy: a randomized controlled study. Parikh, Beena K.; Waghmare, Vishal T.; Shah, Veena R.; Mehta, Tanu; Butala, Beena P.; Parikh, Geeta P.; Vora, Kalpana S. E-mail:bina_parikh@yahoo.com Institute of Kidney Diseases and Research Centre - Civil Hospital Campus - Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 43-47 (15 ref.) Keywords: Nephrectomy; Abdominal Muscles; Ultrasonography, Interventional; Pain, Postoperative-prevention and control; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tramadol; Bupivacaine; Analgesia Abstract: Transversus abdominis plane [TAP] block is suitable for lower abdominal surgeries. Blind TAP block has many complications and uncertainty of its effects. Use of ultrasonography increases the safety and efficacy. This study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of ultrasound [USG]-guided TAP block for retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy [RDN]. In a prospective randomized double-blind study, 60 patients undergoing laparoscopic donor nephrectomy were randomly divided into two groups by closed envelope method. At the end of surgery, USG-guided TAP block was given to the patients of both the groups. Study group [group S] received inj. Bupivacaine [0.375%], whereas control group [group C] received normal saline. Inj. Tramadol [1 mg/kg] was given as rescue analgesic at visual analog scale [VAS] more than 3 in any group at rest or on movement. The analgesic efficacy was judged by VAS both at rest and on movement, time to first dose of rescue analgesic, cumulative dose of tramadol, sedation score, and nausea score, which were also noted at 30 min, 2, 4, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h postoperatively. Total tramadol consumption at 24 h was also assessed. Patients in group S had significantly lower VAS score, longer time to first dose of rescue analgesic [547.13 +/- 266.96 min vs. 49.17 +/- 24.95 min] and lower tramadol consumption [103.8 +/- 32.18 mg vs. 235.8 +/- 47.5 mg] in 24 h. The USG-guided TAP block is easy to perform and effective as a postoperative analgesic regimen in RDN, with opioids-sparing effect and without any complications. Intraperitoneal local anesthetic for postoperative pain. Kahokehr, Arman E-mail:arman.kahokehr@gmail.com Northland District Health Board - Department of Surgery SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 5- (8 ref.) Keywords: Injections, Intraperitoneal; Anesthetics, Local-administration and dosage IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 56 Single-dose paravertebral blockade versus epidural blockade for pain relief after open renal surgery: a prospective randomized study. Moawad, Hazem Ebrahem; Mousa, Sherif Abdo; El Hefnawy, Ahmed S. Mansoura University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Anaesthesia and Surgical Intensive Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 61-67 (28 ref.) Keywords: Anesthesia; Kidney-surgery; Analgesia, Epidural; Pain, Postoperative-prevention and control; Prospective Studies Abstract: Paravertebral block [PVB] has been an established technique for providing analgesia to the chest and abdomen. We conducted the current study to compare single-dose PVB versus single-dose epidural blockade [EP] for pain relief after renal surgery. Eighty patients scheduled for renal surgery were randomly assigned into two groups according to the analgesic technique, PVB group or EP group. General anesthesia was induced for all patients. Postoperative pain was assessed over 24 h using 10-cm visual analog scale [VAS]. Postoperative total pethidine consumption was recorded. Any postoperative events, such as nausea, vomiting, shivering, or respiratory complications, were recorded. Hemodynamics and blood gasometry were also recorded. EP group showed significant decrease of both heart rate and mean blood pressure at most of the operative periods when compared with PVB group. There was no difference in total rescue analgesic consumption. Postoperative VAS showed no significant difference between the studied groups. Postoperative events were comparable in both the groups. Single injection PVB resulted in similar analgesia but greater hemodynamic stability than epidural analgesia in patients undergoing renal surgery, therefore this technique may be recommended for patients with coexisting circulatory disease. Pancreatitis diagnosis Recurrent acute pancreatitis and cholangitis in a patient with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Yazdanpanah, Kambiz; Manouchehri, Navid; Hosseinzadeh, Elinaz; Emami, Mohammad Hassan; Karami, Mehdi; Sarrami, Amir Hossein Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Kurdistan Liver and Diagnostive Research Center - Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 233-236 (9 ref.) Keywords: Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant; Cholangitis; Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance Abstract: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease [ADPKD] is an inherited disorder associated with multiple cyst formation in the different organs. Development of pancreatic cyst in ADPKD is often asymptomatic and is associated with no complication. A 38-year-old man with ADPKD was presented with six episodes of acute pancreatitis and two episodes of cholangitis in a period of 12 months. Various imaging studies revealed multiple renal, hepatic and pancreatic cysts, mild ectasia of pancreatic duct, dilation of biliary system and absence of biliary stone. He was managed with conservative treatment for each attack. ADPKD should be considered as a potential risk factor for recurrent acute and/ or chronic pancreatitis and cholangitis. Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Comparison of sirolimus-, paclitaxel-, and everolimus-eluting stent in unprotected left main coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention. Lee, Michael S.; Mahmud, Ehtisham; Ang, Lawrence; Lluri, Gentian; Cheng, Richard K.; Aragon, Joseph; Sheiban, Imad E-mail:mslee@mechet.ucla.edu University of Turin - San Giovanni Battista ''Molinette'' Hospital - Santa Barbara Cottage Hospital Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 75-78 (13 ref.) Keywords: Drug-Eluting Stents; Sirolimus-analogs and derivatives; Sirolimus-therapeutic use; Paclitaxel-therapeutic use; Retrospective Studies Abstract: This retrospective study evaluated the outcomes of patients who underwent unprotected left main coronary artery [ULMCA] percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] with different types of drug-eluting stents [DES]. The standard of care for patients with ULMCA is coronary artery bypass surgery. However, current guidelines recommend PCI in clinical conditions where there is an increased risk of adverse surgical outcomes. Clinical outcomes of patients undergoing ULMCA PCI with different types of drug-eluting stents [DES] are unknown. Data from a multicenter international registry, which included 239 consecutive patients from four institutions who ULMCA PCI with DES, were collected. There were 42 patients receiving paclitaxel-eluting stent [PES], 158 patients receiving sirolimus-eluting stent [SES], and 39 patients receiving everolimus-eluting stent [EES]. There was no statistical difference in major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiac death, myocardial infarction, target lesion revascularization, and stent thrombosis among PES, SES, and EES at 30 days and 1 year. There are no differences in clinical events among patients receiving PES, SES, and EES for ULMCA disease. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 57 Short term follow-up of prediabetics undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention. El Hammady, W.; Shawky, A.; El Annany, A. Ain Shams University - Cardiology Department Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 57-65 (24 ref.) Keywords: Prediabetic State; Diabetes Mellitus-epidemiology; Glucose Tolerance Test Abstract: Epidemiologic evidence suggests that the complications of diabetes begin early in the progression from normal glucose tolerance to frank diabetes. Prediabetes is defined as people with impaired fasting glucose [IFG] or impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], some of whom in fact already have the characteristic microvascular changes resulting from diabetes itself. This study was conducted on 108 patients presenting to Ain Shams University Catheterization Laboratory for elective percutaneous coronary intervention using bare metal stents [48 diabetic patients, 30 pre-diabetic patients and 30 non-diabetic patients]. All patients underwent bare metal stent deployment either preceded by balloon dilatation or not. Follow-up was done at three and six months for major adverse cardiac and cerebral events [cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome, cerebrovascular stroke, target vessel revascularization]. Our findings demonstrate that there was no statistically significant difference between patients of the three different study groups regarding composite end point of death, stroke, acute coronary syndrome and target vessel revascularization at three months follow-up [diabetics = 18.8%, pre-diabetics = 13.3%, non diabetics = 3.3%, p- value = 0.1], but there was a highly statistical difference between them regarding acute coronary syndrome [diabetics = 43%, pre-diabetics = 26%, non diabetics = 10%, p-value = 0.006] at six months follow-up. Prediabetes, though not a disease entity by itself is associated with of risk for both macrovascular and increasingly, microvascular pathology. It is important to identify these conditions to prevent incident diabetes and to take measures to stop the vascular complications. Our study findings revealed that complications of diabetes may begin early as patients are suffering impaired glucose homeostasis, which warrants further evaluation in larger studies. methods Radial approach and single wiring as first intentional strategies in chronic total occlusions of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Nassar, Yasser; Boudou, Nicolas; Carrie, Didier E-mail:ysnassar@hotmail.com Cairo University - Critical Care Department Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 67-73 (32 ref.) Keywords: Coronary Artery Disease; Coronary Occlusion; Treatment Outcome Abstract: Percutaneous coronary intervention [PCI] for chronic total occlusion [CTO] of the left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] specifically is associated with improved long-term 5 years survival as compared to PCI failure. Simpler PCI techniques may be successful and safer than complex techniques which are perceived to have high failure rates and technical complexity. We aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of first intentional single wiring and radial approach in the treatment of patients with a CTO of the native LAD coronary artery at Toulouse Rangueil university hospitals. The study was a single center prospective registry. All patients showed evidence of myocardial viability in LAD territory. The operators' initial strategy was to start by a radial access as a first choice whenever feasible; if not, a femoral access was chosen. The initial strategy for lesion crossing in either antegrade or retrograde approaches was single wiring by lesion crossing using one guidewire [GW] as a simple technique. A total of 30 patients with 30 LAD CTO lesions [100%] were recorded. Mean age was 71.6 + 15 years, 77% were males and 23% were females. The access route was radial 66% of the time and femoral 54% of the time and with double access for contralateral injection in 40% of the patients. Sheaths and catheters sizes 6F were used in 53% of the patients, and 7F in 73% of the patients. Overall lesion success rate was 83% of lesions. Single wiring was the prevailing technique used in 97% of successful lesions [83% of total cases], while only 3% were by multiple wiring techniques. Successful single antegrade wiring represented 63% of our total study cases with a GW success rate of 92% of cases. Successful single retrograde wiring represented 13% of our cases with a GW success rate of 67%. Q-wave myocardial infarction [MI], stent thrombosis, stroke, emergency coronary artery bypass graft [CABG], major bleeding, radiation dermatitis, cardiac tamponade or clinical perforation requiring any hemostatic maneuvers did not occur. There was a post-procedural Troponin rise of 3x normal levels in 30% of patients, and contrast induced nephropathy in 7%. Intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation [IABCP] was used in 3% of patients and cardiac death occurred in 3% of patients. Single wiring and radial access as initial strategies in PCI for LAD-CTO lesions in either approaches antegrade or retrograde are associated with a high procedural success rate and an acceptable incidences of adverse events. Perforator Flap Perforator relocation in free style local perforator flaps. Panse, Nikhil; Sahasrabudhe, Parag; Joshi, Namrata E-mail:nikhil.panse@rediffmail.com BJ Medical College and Sassoon Hospital - Department of Plastic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 47-49 (7 ref.) Keywords: Surgical Flaps IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 58 Abstract: Local perforator flaps have evolved over the time to provide complete and stable coverage of soft tissue defects. Technical advances and experience with the perforator flaps have allowed the harvest of local perforator flaps in a free style manner by offering greater freedom in flap selection. We have proposed a technical modification in the harvest of a perforator flap by relocating the perforator to an anatomically favorable location. This has led to decreased traction over the perforator and provided some amount of added length to the perforator. Perilla frutescens chemistry Phytochemical study of polyphenols in perilla frutescens as an antioxidant. Asif, Mohammad E-mail:mohd.mpharm@gmail.com GRD [PG] Institute of Management and Technology - Department of Pharmacy Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 169-178 (35 ref.) Keywords: Phytochemicals; Anthocyanins; Flavonoids; Antioxidants; Polyphenols Abstract: Perilla frutescens is an annual herb of the mint family native to East Asia. Polyphenols present in perilla have various structural varieties with large diversity of biological activities. It is direct influence the quality of perilla plant and their potential functions. Some of these products have been studied and proven to be effective source of phenolic antioxidants. The aqueous extract contains phenolic compounds such as phenolic acids, cinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids, and lignans. Gallic acid, hydroxytyrosol [3,4-DHPEA], cinnamic acid derivatives [coumaroyl tartaric acid, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid], flavonoids, scutellarein 7-O-diglucuronide, luteolin 7-Odiglucuronide, apigenin 7-O-diglucuronide, luteolin 7-O-glucuronide, and scutellarein 7-Oglucuronide], and anthocyanins [mainly cis- shisonin, shisonin, malonylshisonin and cyanidin 3-O-[E]-caffeoylglucoside-5-O-malonylglucoside] are present. Phantom Limb psychology Anxiety and depression in patients with amputated limbs suffering from phantom pain: a comparative study with non phantom chronic pain. Kazemi, Hadi; Ghassemi, Shahin; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad; Amini, Afshin; Kolivand, Pier Hossein; Doroudi, Taher Shahed University of Medical Sciences - Khatam Al Anbia Hospital - Department of Pediatrics IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 218-225 (42 ref.) Keywords: Depression; Anxiety; Chronic Pain; Amputation Abstract: Phantom limb pain [PLP] is approximately a common condition after limb amputation, which potentially affects the quality of life. We aimed to evaluate anxiety and depression in patients with amputated limbs suffering from PLP and to compare these psychological dysfunctions with that of patients with non-phantom chronic pain. A total number of 16 male amputees with PLP and 24 male age-matched patients with non-phantom chronic pain were recruited in this study, which was performed at Khatam-Al-Anbia Pain Clinic, Tehran, Iran. A validated Persian version of the hospital anxiety and depression scale [HADS] was used to compare two psychological dysfunctions - anxiety and depression - between the two groups of study. The mean of total anxiety score was significantly lower in patients with PLP [8.00 +/- 3.93 vs. 11.25 +/- 5.23; P = 0.041] and the prevalence of anxiety caseness [HADS-A score >/= 11] was also lower in the PLP group [25% vs. 58.3%; P = 0.112, power = 31.7%]. The mean of total depression score was 7.69 +/- 5.51 and 9.38 +/- 6.11 in patients of PLP and chronic pain groups, respectively [P = 0.340, power = 15%]. Consequently, the prevalence of depression caseness [HADS D score >/= 11] was lower in PLP patients [37.5% vs. 50%; P = 0.710, power = 8%]. Our results indicate that depression and anxiety are not more common in PLP patients, whereas they are more prevalent in subjects with non phantom chronic pain. These lower levels of anxiety and depression in PLP compared with chronic pain is a new finding that needs to be evaluated further, which may lead to new insights into the pathogenesis of phantom pain in further studies. Pharmacovigilance Pharmacovigilance in Qatar: a survey of pharmacists. Wilbur, K. E-mail:kwilbur@qu.edu.qa University of Qatar - College of Pharmacy EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 930-935 (15 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 59 Abstract: Active national pharmacovigilance programmes are needed to monitor adverse drug reaction [ADR] data in local populations. The objective of this study was to describe the knowledge, experiences, attitudes and perceived barriers to reporting of suspected ADRs by pharmacists in Qatar. A 27-item web-based survey was answered by 116 pharmacists [25% response rate]. Knowledge of ADR terminology and reporting purpose was high, but only 29.3% had ever made a suspected ADR report in Qatar. Most respondents expressed positive attitudes towards the pharmacist's role in pharmacovigilance. Inability to recognize a potential ADR or access a reporting form were perceived as barriers. Enhanced training and efficiency in report submissions were identified as facilitators to future participation. Hospital pharmacists were 7 times more likely to have reported a suspected ADR in Qatar. Pharmacists in Qatar are willing to engage in pharmacovigilance activities if supported by increased training and transparency in the reporting process. Photorefractive Keratectomy adverse effects Comparison of standard and low dose intraoperative mitomycin C in prevention of corneal haze after photorefractive keratectomy. Razmjoo, Hassan; Kooshanmehr, Mohammad Reza; Peyman, Alireza; Kor, Zahra; Mohammadesmaeil, Erfan Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Medical School - Department of Ophthalmology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 204-207 (17 ref.) Keywords: Mitomycin-therapeutic use; Cornea; Corneal Diseases-prevention and control Abstract: Photorefractive keratectomy is a popular mean to correct refractive errors of the eye and haze formation is one of the most important complications of the surgery. Although standard dose of intraoperative Mitomycin C has shown to be effective in reduction of this complication, potential side effects of Mitomycin C promote us to show if the lower concentration of Mitomycin C has the same effect. 170 eyes of 85 patients enrolled in our prospective interventional study. In each patient one eye randomly assigned to be treated by low dose intraoperative MMC [LDMMC] and other eye by standard dose MMC [SDMMC]. Then the patients were followed up to 6 months and refraction, Uncorrected Distant Visual Acuity [UCDVA], Best Corrected Distant Visual Acuity [BCDVA] and haze formation submitted in each postoperative exam. The results from two arms of the study compared by means of statistical methods to reveal if there was a significant difference between two groups. The mean preoperative refraction in LDMMC eyes was -3.08 [SD 1.65] sphere and 0.92 [SD 0.88] cylinder. These values for SDMMC eyes were -3.25 [SD 1.80] sphere and 0.81 [SD 0.84] cylinder. Mean postoperative sphere in LDMMC group was -0.132 [SD 0.503] and -0.138 [SD 0.484] in 3 and 6 months after PRK. These results was -0.041 [SD 0.501] and -0.076 [SD 0.489] for SDMMC group. Mean postoperative cylinder 3 and 6 month after PRK was 0.435 [SD 0.218] and 0.423 [SD 0.255] In LDMMC group and 0.435 [SD 0.247] and 0.426 [SD 0.261] in SDMMC group. In third month 14 eyes in LDMMC group presented with grade 1 score of clinical haze. From these eyes only 2 still had this haze after 6 month. 7 eyes in SDMMC group had grade 1 clinical haze at third month but no clinical haze was seen at the end of 6th month. Findings of this study show no meaningful differences in postoperative rate of haze formation by use of standard and low dose intraoperative Mitomycin C. regarding these results low dose Mitomycin C with its lower side effects seems to be superior to standard dose in photorefractive keratectomy. Physician's Role There are doctors and there are 'doctors'. Creating a dichotomy between physicians' roles. Inuwa, Ibrahim E-mail:ibrahim1@squ.edu.om Sultan Qaboos University - Department of Anatomy SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 183-184 (3 ref.) Keywords: Physicians; Physician's Practice Patterns Pit and Fissure Sealants Effectiveness of fissure sealant retention and caries prevention with and without primer and bond. Nazar, Huda; Mascarenhas, Ana Karina; Al Mutwa, Sabiha; Ariga, Jitendra; Soparker, Pramod E-mail: hudanazar@yahoo.com Ministry of Health - National School Oral Health Program Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 12-17 (19 ref.) Keywords: Dental Caries-prevention and control; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Oral Health; School Health Services; Child Abstract: This study evaluated the effectiveness of sealant retention and caries prevention with and without primer and bond below the fissure sealant among Kuwaiti schoolchildren. This clinical trial used fissure sealant that was applied to four sound first permanent molars on 78 children. All the teeth were cleaned with pumice and rubber cups, isolated with rubber dams, and etched for 20 s. In a split-mouth study design, for the test teeth [n = 156], primer and IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 60 bond [3M Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus System primer and bond] were applied below the sealant, and for the control teeth [n = 156], only sealant [Delton Plus] was applied. The number of tooth surfaces included was 480. Due to loss to follow-up, only 60 children were evaluated at 5 years for sealant retention and caries. The evaluation criteria were: completely retained sealant, complete or partial sealant retention, and caries. In teeth sealed with primer and bond, 47 [19.6%] tooth surfaces had completely retained sealant, 60 [9.2%] teeth had partially retained sealant, while in 51 [21.3%] caries was prevented and 120 [50%] tooth surfaces were carious or filled. In teeth sealed without primer and bond, 25% [60 tooth surfaces] had completely retained sealant, 6% [14 teeth surfaces] had partially retained sealant, 26% [54 teeth surfaces] showed caries prevention, and 49.6% [119 tooth surfaces] were carious or filled. There was no difference between teeth sealed with primer and bond [120 teeth] and teeth sealed without primer and bond [120 teeth] in completely retained sealant [p = 0.15], complete or partial sealant retention [p = 0.6], caries prevented [p = 0.37], and caries [p = 0.93]. Caries prevention was not enhanced in teeth sealed with primer and bond sealant compared with those sealed with sealant alone. Plagiarism Comment on editorial. Sarkar, H.S. E-mail:drhssrkar@gmail.com Freelance Medical Writer SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 110- (2 ref.) Keywords: Fraud Plasmapheresis adverse effects Plasmapheresis-induced hypercalcaemia. Abdelmogheth, Anas Alwogud; El Baroudy, Islam; Al Yaaruby, Saif E-mail:anasalwogud@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Child Health SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 147-151 (10 ref.) Keywords: Hypercalcemia; Guillain-Barre Syndrome-therapy; Guillain-Barre Syndrome-diagnosis Abstract: Guillain-Barre syndrome [GBS] is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy that can cause total motor paralysis in severe cases. Reports of hypercalcaemia in patients with GBS are rare. Plasmapheresis, an extracorporeal blood purification procedure for the removal of large molecular weight substances, is a well-established therapy for ventilated GBS patients. Although it has been observed in a few reported cases, theoretically, hypercalcaemia is not described as a plasmapheresis-related problem unless there is an underlying cause. We present a rare case of an 8-year-old child presenting with headache, diplopia, and squint, followed by disturbed conscious levels and paralysis. He was treated with both intravenous immunoglobulin and plasmapheresis, with a favourable outcome. We made a laboratory observation of hypercalcaemia which was associated with the plasmapheresis therapy without any related underlying cause. This raises the need for similar observations and the gathering of other possible acceptable explanations. Platelet-Rich Plasma Platelet rich plasma [PRP] improves fat grafting outcomes. Modarressi, Ali E-mail:samgh0@hotmail.com University Hospitals of Geneva - Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 6-13 (49 ref.) Keywords: Transplants; Adipose Tissue; Treatment Outcome; Autografts; Tissue and Organ Harvesting Abstract: Autologous fat transfer offers many qualities of a or an ideal soft tissue filler. Main advantages of fat grafting ensue from the fact that the lipoaspirate tissue is an abundant source of regenerative pluripotential cells. However, the reported rates of fat cell survival vary greatly in the medical literature [10-90%]. Different techniques of harvesting, processing, and reinjecting the fat cells are so claimed to be responsible for these differences, without any agreement concerning the best way to process. To address this important disadvantage, we propose the addition of autologous platelet rich plasma [PRP] which is known as a natural reservoir of growth factors stimulating tissue repair and regeneration. This approach is completely autologous and immediately employed without any type of preconditioning. Platelets rich plasma [PRP] preparation included bleeding of 8 ml of blood from patient's peripheral vein in Regen Lab[c] tubes containing sodium citrate anticoagulant. The whole blood was centrifugated at 1500 g during 3 min. As Regen-tubes contained a special gel separator, 99 % of red blood cells were discarded from the plasma at the bottom of the gel, and >90% of platelets were harvested in 4 ml of plasma on the top of the gel, called the platelet-rich plasma IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 61 [PRP]. The purified fat prepared by Coleman technique was mixed with different amount of PRP for in vitro, in vivo [mice] and clinical experiments: >50% of PRP for skin rejuvenation, superficial scars correction, infraorbital region, and for 20% of PRP with 80% of purified fat for deep filler indication [nasolabial folds, lips, or soft tissue defect]. In vitro studies demonstrated that PRP increased fat cells survival rate and stem cells differentiation. Animal models showed that fat graft survival rate was significantly increased by addition of PRP. Several clinical cases confirmed the improvement of wound healing and fat grafting survival in facial reconstruction and aesthetic cases by association of fat grafting with PRP. The addition of PRP to fat grafts represented many advantages with a simple, cost-effective and safe method. In addition to its booster effect on fat grafts, PRP had a rejuvenation capacity per se. It is also used on nappage technique, on mask and as a temporary regenerative filler in combination with thrombin. So we consider the addition of 20% PRP to fat grafts offers a better fat grafting survival, a less bruising and inflammation reaction, and easier application of fat grafts due to liquefaction effect of PRP. Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated epidemiology Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a teaching hospital in Tehran and use of the Iranian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance software. Afhami, Sh.; Hadadi, A.; Khorami, E.; Seifi, A.; Bazaz, N. Esmailpour E-mail:afhamish@sina.tums.ac.ir; afhami8@live.com Shariati Hospital - Department of Infectious Diseases EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 883-887 (23 ref.) Keywords: Sentinel Surveillance; Cross Infection-epidemiology; Software; Time Factors; Pneumonia, Ventilator Associated-microbiology; Hospitals, Teaching; Intensive Care Units; Length of Stay; Incidence Abstract: Ventilator-associated pneumonia is the most common health-care-associated infection in the intensive care unit [ICU] and computer-assisted diagnosis and surveillance is called for. The frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia was assessed prospectively during a 6-month period in the ICUs of a teaching hospital in Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran. To determine the accuracy of the Iranian Nosocomial Infections Surveillance [INIS] system, patient data were input to the software and compared with physicians'judgement. The frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia was 21.6%, or 9.96 episodes per1000 ventilator days. The duration of admission to the ICU, duration of mechanical ventilator and number of re-intubations were significantly higher in patients who developed pneumonia. The INIS system identified 100% of cases, with no false-positive or false-negative results. Compared with developed countries, the frequency of ventilator-associated pneumonia was high in our ICUs, and INIS software was accurate in diagnosing nosocomial infection. Polyhydramnios Polyhydramnios as a predictor of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Tashfeen, Kaukab; Hamdi, Ilham Moosa E-mail:drkaukab2010@gmail.com Nizwa Hospital - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 57-62 (18 ref.) Keywords: Pregnancy Outcome; Perinatal Mortality; Cesarean Section; Pregnancy; Fetal Macrosomia; Amniotic Fluid; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes, Gestational Abstract: This study aimed to ascertain the frequency of polyhydramnios in singleton pregnancies, to determine the associated risk factors, and assess the adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. A retrospective cohort study of all singleton pregnancies complicated with polyhydramnios after 28 weeks of gestation was carried out in Nizwa Hospital's Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Oman, from January 2002 to December 2007. Of 25,979 pregnant women reviewed, 477 were found to have polyhydramnios. The control group consisted of 900 pregnant women. Cases of polyhydramnios were diagnosed as mild, moderate, or severe based on their highest amniotic fluid index. Cases were compared with controls in terms of demographic data; prevalence of diabetes, macrosomia, or Caesarean deliveries; frequency of fetal anomalies, and perinatal mortality rate. Polyhydramnios was diagnosed in 1.8% of pregnancies. It was mild in 382 [80%], moderate in 84 [17.6%], and severe in 12 [2.4%]. A total of 72 [15.3%] cases of polyhydramnios were complicated by diabetes [gestational or established diabetes mellitus] as compared to 10% of the control group and 39 [8.1%] neonates had congenital anomalies. Polyhydramnios was associated with advanced maternal age; 58 [12.2%] of subjects were over 40 years old. The perinatal mortality rate with polyhydramnios was 42 per 1,000 births compared to 14 per 1000 births in the control group. These data demonstrate that polyhydramnios is associated with an increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, and there is a significant positive relation with maternal age, diabetes, fetal anomalies, and fetal macrosomia. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 62 Postoperative Hemorrhage prevention and control Role of tranexamic acid in reducing postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement in patients undergoing hip and femoral surgeries. Vijay, Bhavani S.; Bedi, Vikram; Mitra, Subhro; Das, Bikramjit Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College - Department of Anaesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 29-32 (26 ref.) Keywords: Tranexamic Acid-therapeutic use; Postoperative Hemorrhage-therapy; Blood Transfusion; Hip-surgery; Femur-surgery Abstract: Pharmacological agents are used to reduce postoperative blood loss. To assess the effects of tranexamic acid on prevention of bleeding and requirement of blood transfusion after major hip and femoral surgeries. A prospective, randomized, double blinded study was conducted in the tertiary care teaching hospital. Ninety ASA grade I-II patients undergoing hip fracture surgery were included in this prospective study. Forty-five patients received tranexamic acid [TA] given in a bolus dose of 500 mg 15 min before surgical incision followed by continuous infusion. The remaining, 45 patients were allocated as a control group. Postoperative bleeding [volume of blood in the drain], percentage fall of hemoglobin, transfusions and complications were recorded. Mean volume of blood in the drain was 39.33 +/- 10.09 ml [mean +/- SD] as compared to 91.11 +/- 17.61 ml in placebo group showing a P<0.001. Mean percentage fall in Hb at day 0 was 2.99 +/- 3.45 in the study group as compared to 7.70 +/- 6.05 in the placebo group [P<0.001], and fall at day 2 in the study group was 0.35 +/- 0.74, compared to 2.72 +/- 2.70 in the placebo group [P<0.001]. The number of patients required blood transfusions were lower in the study group than in the placebo group [P=0.01]. We conclude that tranexamic acid significantly reduces postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements during major hip and femoral surgeries. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting prevention and control Granisetron versus tropisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after total thyroidectomy. Papadima, Artemisia; Gourgiotis, Stavros; Lagoudianakis, Emmanuel; Pappas, Apostolos; Seretis, Charalampos; Antonakis, Pantelis T.; Markogiannakis, Haridimos; Makri, Ira; Manouras, Andreas University of Athens - Hippocrateion Hospital - Department of Anesthesiology SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 68-74 (40 ref.) Keywords: Granisetron-therapeutic use; Indoles-therapeutic use; Thyroidectomy Abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting [PONV] are frequently encountered after thyroidectomy. For PONV prevention, selective serotonin 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 [5-HT [3]] receptor antagonists are considered one of the first-line therapy. We report on the efficiency of granisetron and tropisetron, with that of placebo on the prevention of PONV in patients undergoing total thyroidectomy. One hundred twenty-seven patients were divided into three groups and randomized to receive intravenously, prior to induction of anesthesia, tropisetron 5 mg, or granisetron 3 mg, or normal saline. All patients received additionally 0.625 mg droperidol. All episodes of postoperative PONV during the first 24 h after surgery were evaluated. Nausea visual analogue scale [VAS] score was lower in tropisetron and granisetron groups than the control group at all measurements [P<0.01] except for the 8-h measurement for tropisetron [P=0.075]. Moreover, granisetron performed better than tropisetron [P<0.011 at 4 h and P<0.01 at all other points of time] apart from the 2-h measurement. Vomiting occurred in 22.2%, 27.5%, and 37.5% in granisetron, tropisetron, and control groups, respectively [P=0.43]. The combination of the 5-HT[3] antagonists with droperidol given before induction of anesthesia is well tolerated and superior to droperidol alone in preventing nausea but not vomiting after total thyroidectomy. Posture [Assessment of posture in an automotive industry using ISO -11228-3 technique] Mashkati, M.; Zakerian, S.A.; Mohamadian, M. Tehran university of Medical Sciences - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 19-24 (11 ref.) Keywords: Musculoskeletal Diseases; Occupational Health; Industry; Automobiles; Human Engineering Abstract: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders [WMSDs] of upper limbs [UL] in the last 35 years have become extremely wide spread reaching epidemic levels in all advanced in dustrialized countries. They are considered the main cause of disability, time off work, and requests for healthcare. For detailed risk assessment, ISO -11228-3 is the preferred method. It is recommended for the specific purposes of ISO -11228-3[2007] because, given the knowledge at IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 63 the time of publication, it considers all the relevant risk factors, is also applicable to "multitask jobs", and provides criteria - based on extensive epidemiological data - for forecasting the occurrence of UL-WMSD [upper limb work- related musculoskeletal disorders] in exposed working populations. In this method is the ratio between the number of actual technical actions, ATA, carried out during a work shift and the number of reference technical actions, RTA, for each upper limb, specifically determined in the scenario under examination. Results shown in 4 workstations include 35 task in an automotive industry. One of them is red and another's are green. This method is suitable, quickly and very easy to use for assessment of ergonomics situation in work. Prehypertension epidemiology Prehypertension among young adult females in Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Bano, Nusrat E-mail:nusratbano@hotmail.com Ziauddin University - Ziauddin College of Pharmacy EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 899-900 (4 ref.) Keywords: Health Behavior; Life Style Propofol adverse effects A failure to reach statistical significance - Magnesium sulfate pretreatment did not reduce the incidence of propofol injection pain. Wang, Sijian; Galgon, Richard E.; Schroeder, Kristopher M. University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health - Departments of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 109-110 (1 ref.) Keywords: Magnesium Sulfate-therapeutic use; Pain-therapy; Incidence Psoriasis therapy Rapid improvement of palmoplantar psoriasis after cessation of smoking. El Ahmed, Husein H. E-mail:huseinelahmed@hotmail.com San Cecilio University Hospital SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 188-189 (9 ref.) Keywords: Psoriasis-etiology; Smoking-adverse effects Public Health Isn't it the time for working on public health guidance in health system of Iran? Ghadirian, Laleh; Sayarifard, Azadeh Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Center for Academic and Health Policy IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 125-127 (24 ref.) Keywords: Delivery of Health Care; Evidence-Based Practice; Practice Guideline; Chronic Disease; Disease Management IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 64 Public Health Practice From vision to action: meeting public health challenges in the Region. Alwan, Ala World Health Organization Regional Office for Eastern Mediterranean EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 835-836 Keywords: Public Health; Health Care Reform-organization and administration Public Health Surveillance The remarkable adaptability of syndromic surveillance to meet public health needs. Paterson, Beverley J.; Durrheim, David N. E-mail:Paterson@hnehealth.nsw.gov.qu University of Newcastle - Hunter Medical Research Institute Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 41-47 (39 ref.) Keywords: Disease Outbreaks-prevention and control; Public Health; Communicable Diseases-epidemiology; Bioterrorism-prevention and control; Public Policy Abstract: The goal of syndromic surveillance is the earlier detection of epidemics, allowing a timelier public health response than is possible using traditional surveillance methods. Syndromic surveillance application for public health purposes has changed over time and reflects a dynamic evolution from the collection, interpretation of data with dissemination of data to those who need to act, to a more holistic approach that incorporates response as a core component of the surveillance system. Recent infectious disease threats, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS], avian influenza [H5N1] and pandemic influenza [H1N1], have all highlighted the need for countries to be rapidly aware of the spread of infectious diseases within a region and across the globe. The International Health Regulations [IHR] obligation to report public health emergencies of international concern has raised the importance of early outbreak detection and response. The emphasis in syndromic surveillance is changing from automated, early alert and detection, to situational awareness and response. Published literature on syndromic surveillance reflects the changing nature of public health threats and responses. Syndromic surveillance has demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to rapidly shifting public health needs. This adaptability makes it a highly relevant public health tool. Pulmonary Embolism diagnosis Embolization of ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst to pulmonary artery in an elderly patient. Multidetector computed tomography findings. Ozkan, Fuat; Yesilkaya, Yakup; Tokur, Mahmut; Ozcan, Nuri; Inci, Mehmet Fatih Sutcu Imam University - Faculty of Medicine - Department of Radiology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 165-168 (14 ref.) Keywords: Pulmonary Embolism-etiology; Aged; Echinococcosis, Hepatic-complications; Rupture, Spontaneous; Multidetector Computed Tomography Abstract: Pulmonary embolism due to hydatid disease is an unusual condition resulting from the rupture of a hydatic heart cyst or the opening of liver hydatidosis into the venous circulation. A 78-year old male patient complaining of dyspnea, cough and severe chest pain was admitted to our emergency department. A multidetector computed tomography of the chest revealed the presence of multiple nodules in both lungs especially in left and multiple hypodense filling defect in left main pulmonary artery and its branches. In addition, coronal reformatted multidetector computed tomography images also showed two hypodense cystic parenchymal masses on the left lobe of the liver with a cystic embolus in the right atrium. Pulmonary embolism should be kept in mind in patients who have hepatic hydatidosis if suddenly chest pain and dyspnoea occurs, especially in regions where hydatidosis is endemic. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 65 Pulmonary Emphysema diagnosis Case of acquired lobar emphysema mimicking pneumothorax in a neonate. Firinci, F.; Duman, N.; Ates, O.; Ozer, E. A.; Kumral, A.; Erdemir, A.; Ozkan, H. E-mail:fatih.firinci@deu.edu.tr, fatihfirinci@yahoo.com Dokuz Eylul University - School of Medicine - Department of Paediatrics EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 960-961 (9 ref.) Keywords: Pneumothorax-etiology; Infant, Premature; Pneumothorax-radiography; High-Frequency Ventilation; Respiration, Artificial; Radiography, Thoracic; Treatment Outcome Ranula diagnosis Recurrent plunging ranula of the neck. Al Ruhaimi, Khalid A. E-mail:ruhaimi@ksu.edu.sa King Saud University - College of Dentistry - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 313-315 (10 ref.) Keywords: Ranula-surgery; Neck; Sublingual Gland Abstract: The reported case describes a mismanaged extensive recurrent plunging ranula that occupied a large portion of the neck. The ranula is usually clinically diagnosed. However, absence of visible intra-oral signs may mislead the diagnosis and leads to improper surgical management. Presence of amylase in the aspirated fluids is an important aid in the differential diagnosis. Thereby confirming the salivary origin of the fluids and thus avoiding extensive investigations. The recurrence rate varies according to the procedure performed. Diverse methods of treating ranula have been reported in the literature with variable results. These include marsuplization, excision of the ranula, incision of the ranula and drainage of the contents, excision of the sublingual gland and drainage. The successful procedure to treat plunging ranula depends on complete excision of the affected sublingual gland and drainage of its contents. In this paper, the useful diagnostic investigations and the recommended surgical intervention procedure were described. Reishi Effect of Ganoderma lucidum hydroalcoholic extract on insulin release in rat-isolated pancreatic islets. Shafiee-Nick, Reza; Parizadeh, Seyyed Mohammad Reza; Zokaei, Nona; Ghorbani, Ahmad Mashhad University of Medical Sciences - Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants - Department of Pharmacology Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] 2012; 2 (4): 206-211 (18 ref.) Keywords: Plant Extracts; Insulin; Islets of Langerhans; Rats, Wistar Abstract: Ganoderma Lucidum [G. Lucidum] has been suggested to increase serum insulin level. This study was undertaken to investigate its direct effect on the islets of Langerhans. Male albino Wistar rats were anesthetized and the islets were isolated after digestion of the pancreas with collagenase. The islets were incubated for 60 min in Krebs bicarbonate buffer containing 3 or 10 mM glucose in the presence of hydroalcoholic extract of G. Lucidum [1 mg/ml], 3- isobutyl-1-methylxanthine [IBMX, 100 micro M] or vehicle. Exposure of islets to the extract increased insulin secretion at basal [3 mM] glucose concentration. Increase of glucose concentration to 10 mM resulted in a significant increase in the rate of insulin secretion. While the IBMX could augment insulin release evoked by 10 mM glucose, the extract failed to modify it. Our results demonstrate that G. lucidum acts directly on the Langerhans islets to increase basal insulin release. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 66 Renal Dialysis adverse effects Sleep quality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Masoumi, Maryam; Naini, Afsoon Emami; Aghaghazvini, Rozita; Amra, Babak; Gholamrezaei, Ali Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Isfahan Kidney Diseases Research Center IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 165-172 (54 ref.) Keywords: Peritoneal Dialysis-adverse effects; Sleep; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Sleep Disorders; Risk Factors; Cross- Sectional Studies Abstract: Sleep disturbances are common among uremic patients; however, limited data are available on predictors of sleep quality in this population. We assessed sleep quality in patients on hemodialysis [HD] and peritoneal dialysis [PD] and investigated predictors related to sleep quality. Patients on maintenance HD and PD were consecutively included from two medical centers in Isfahan city [Iran]. They completed the Pittsburgh sleep quality index [PSQI] and hospital anxiety and depression scale. Laboratory tests were done for iron state, kidney function, and electrolytes. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to find predictors of sleep quality. About 90 patients were evaluated [53 males, age = 54.2 +/- 15.2 years, disease duration = 5.3 +/- 4.5 years] . Poor sleep quality was frequent in 86.6% of the cases in each group of HD and PD patients. Patients on HD had poorer sleep quality in terms of total PSQI scores and two dimensions of sleep latency and sleep efficiency [P < 0.05]. Anxiety [beta = 0.232, P = 0.027], depression [beta = 0.317, P = 0.004], and being on HD [beta = 2.095, P = 0.009] were independent predictors of overall poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality is highly frequent in patients on maintenance dialysis and mood disorders and being on HD are predictive factors. Further studies are required for better understanding of risk factors associated with poor sleep quality and thus possible treatments in these patients. Restless Legs Syndrome drug therapy Phototoxic rash during therapy with pramipexole in a patient with restless legs syndrome. El Ahmed, Husein H. E-mail:huseinelahmed@hotmail.com San Cecilio University Hospital SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 190-191 (7 ref.) Keywords: Benzothiazoles-toxicity; Dermatitis, Phototoxic Rhinoplasty Can we add auricular composite graft to our rhinoplasty armamentarium? Manafi, Ali; Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr; Mehrabani, Golnoush; Shahlaee, Abtine; Manafi, Amir E-mail: dramanafi@yahoo.com Tehran University of Medical Sciences - Department of Plastic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 33-40 (19 ref.) Keywords: Composite Tissue Allografts; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Ear Abstract: The ala of the nose, with its particular texture and characteristics, poses both aesthetically and functionally intriguing challenges and is rather problematic regarding choices for reconstructive methods. Both flaps and grafts have been used to restore natural structure of nasal ala. The present study summarizes a ten-year experience of reconstructive surgery using small composite grafts from non-cartilage bearing tissues, and large composite grafts, containing cartilaginous tissue, with a mean follow-up of 4 years and 8 months. Cumulatively 56 patients were reported. Some of them required surgery due to previous cosmetic rhinoplasty. In 47 of the cases, a small graft from the non-cartilage bearing junction of ear lobule to helical rim sufficed. Nine patients had rather large defects for which grafts were harvested from the helical root. Donor sites were primarily closed and grafts were implanted in place in a single, rapid session. All small grafts had excellent take. Of 9 large grafts, 5 had excellent take, three had acceptable, and one, in a male smoker, failed to take. During follow-up, no gross deformity or poor scar was detected in either donor or recipient site. We have demonstrated that using both large and small auricular composite grafts has favorable long term results for reconstruction of alar rim deformities. However, use of small grafts seems more beneficial and applicability of large grafts requires further studies. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 67 Innovative use of opsite flexigrid[TM] for digital photography in rhinoplasty. Codazzi, Denis; Bocchiotti, Maria Alessandra; Righi, Bernardo; Robotti, Enrico University of Turin - San Giovanni Battista Hospital - Department of Plastic Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 50-51 (4 ref.) Keywords: Radiographic Image Enhancement; Polyurethanes Risk Assessment [Risk assessment of welders' exposure to total fume in an automobile industry] Golbabaei, F.; Ghahri, A.; Mehdizadeh, M.; Ghiasseddin, M.; Mohajer, K.; Eskandari, D. E-mail:fgolbabaei@sina. tums.ac.ir Tehran University of Medical Science - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 9-18 (31 ref.) Keywords: Industry; Automobiles; Air Pollutants, Occupational; Environmental Exposure; Occupational Health Abstract: Risk assessment of Toxic or hazardous chemicals enables the Industrial Hygienists to make the appropriate decision in providing healthy work place. This project was conducted in an assembling plant, [4workshop] of an Automobile Industry in IRAN with 2 types of welding operations, including GMAW [CO[2] welding] and Spot resistance welding operations. Welders exposures were assessed via collecting 143 breathing zone air samples based on NIOSH 0500 method. Risk assessment was carried out using Singapore recommended method. Finding showed that the mean of welders exposure in GMAW and Spot resistance welding operations 5.61 +/- 5.78 and 2.38 +/- 2.15 mg/m[3], respectively [p<0.05]. The results showed that in GMAW welders had the high exposure in comparison with Spot resistance welders [p<0.05]. The findings also demonstrated that the risk rate of GMAW welders were high, while this rate for Spot resistance was low. More hygienic attention is needed for GTAW welders. Control approaches are required including effective engineering control, conduct air monitoring, biological monitoring training, adopt respiratory protection program, develop and implement safe and correct work procedures and finally reassess the risk after all the controls have been done. Risk Factors Are there different criteria affecting prevalence of impaired glucose regulation as cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults other than BMI and waist circumference? Onem, Yalcin E-mail:yalonem@yahoo.com Gulhane Military Medical Academy - Haydarpasa Teaching Hospital - Department of Internal Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 100- (4 ref.) Keywords: Blood Glucose; Coronary Disease-epidemiology; Prevalence; Waist Circumference; Body Mass Index; Metabolic Diseases-epidemiology; Adult Safety [Study of unsafe behaviors among city bus drivers in Hamadan, 2011] Damyar, N.; Golmohammadi, R.; Mohammad fam, I.; Fardmal, J. E-mail:nilufar.damyar1365@gmail.com Hamedan University of Medical Science - School of Public Health - Department of Occupational Health Engineering Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2011; 1 (1): 53-61 (14 ref.) Keywords: Accidents, Traffic; Automobiles; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: Traffic transportation system despite of benefits is one center of accident. According to studies, human factors as unsafe acts and drivers mistakes are causes of accidenta happening. The main objective of this study was to Study of unsafe behaviors among city bus drivers in Ramadan. This cross-sectional study was conducted in spring of 2011. Fifty four drivers were chosen using simple random sampling among Hamadan city bus drivers. The required data gathered by using safety behavior sampling technique. Data analysis was done with Statistical tests such as t-test and one-way ANOVA. The study results indicated that %42.71 of driver's behaviors were unsafe. Double Park [%24.71], speaking [% 14.99] and unsafe grasping the steering wheel [% 12.46] allocated to highest percentages of unsafe behaviors. Also it was shown the rates of unsafe acts were increased in younger and low income drivers, apparently. Because of high percent of unsafe acts and considering importance of its consequences in drivers, reducing unsafe acts through investment and utilization of behavioral safety principles is required. In this regard, holding educational careers are suggested to increasing driver's awareness. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 68 Septal Occluder Device Amplatzer septal occluder and atrioventricular block: a case report and literature review. Al Akhfash, Ali A.; Al Mesned, Abdulrahman; Al Fayadh, Majid Prince Sultan Cardiac Canter Al-Qassim - Paediatric Cardiology Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 91-94 (16 ref.) Keywords: Atrioventricular Block; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial; Heart Block; Electrocardiography Abstract: Transcatheter closure of secondum atrial septal defect [ASD] is an alternative option to open heart surgery with good short and long-term outcomes. For this purpose, the Amplatzer septal occluder [ASO] device is widely used. Arrhythmias are known complications of ASD device closure including atrial ectopy and heart block. We report a seven-year-old female patient who developed second degree atrioventricular block [AVB] within few hours after ASD device closure using ASO device. At the seventh post-procedure day; while under close observation; patient regained sinus rhythm which was maintained thereafter. A 3-day course of prednisolone was given. Skin Transplantation Comparison of three different methods of dressing for partial thickness skin graft donor site. Hassanpour, Seyed Esmail; Moosavizadeh, Seyed Mehdi; Yavari, Masoud; Mofrad, Hamid Reza Hallaj; Fadaei, Alireza E-mail:esmail_hassanpour@yahoo.com Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences - Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 26-32 (20 ref.) Keywords: Tissue Donors; Bandages; Wound Healing Abstract: Split-thickness skin graft is one of the most common operations in plastic surgery. It is always painful and patient discomfort from donor site often is more significant than recipient site. There is not still a standard method for treatment of the donor site. The purpose of this study was to determine the best method of dressing the donor site among three different methods with respect to the rate of healing, pain, secretion, infection and cost. The study includes 60 patients that were randomly divided into three groups. Donor site and thickness of the graft was the same and were dressed with one of the methods including Method A: Paraffin fine mesh gauze, Method B: Nitrofurazone soaked fine mesh gauze and Method C: Dry fine mesh gauze. Each method included an intermediate layer of sterile plastic sheet witch was covered with 10 layers of dry gauze. Comparison with respect to the rate of healing, pain, secretion, infection and cost was done. Thirty seven patients were men and 23 were women. The mean age of the patients was 27.2 years. There was a significant difference between three methods in average time of repair and superiority of dressing with Method B was noted. Pain severity was the least in Method B and difference between the methods was significant. Dressing with Method B had the least secretion and there was a statistically significant difference between three methods. There was no statistically significant difference in cost of the management. This study showed that dressing the donor site with nitrofurazone ointment soaked gauze used as the first layer of dressing and intermediate layer of sterile plastic sheet which was covered with 10 layers of dry gauze was the best method of dressing and had the least complications. Flap donor site size reduction with substratum horizontal mattress suture. Jalilimanesh, Mohammad E-mail:jalilimaneshdr@yahoo.com Trauma and Burn Hospital - Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 14-17 (5 ref.) Keywords: Tissue Donors; Surgical Flaps; Sutures Abstract: Closure of donor site of the flap has special problems. Reduction of this site will decrease the morbidity of operation. In this study, we present our experience in donor site size reduction. Between 2006 and 2008, 15 patients with skin and soft tissue defects underwent operation. In all patients, coverage of defect was performed with various flaps. Substratum horizontal mattress suture was used to reduce donor site dimensions. In all 15 patients, size of the flaps, the defect after the flap elevation and the scar size were measured. The mean size of the flap, the defect after flap elevation, and the scar after 3 months were 43.9 cm[2], 69.4 cm[2], and 32.2 cm[2], respectively. There was 46.5% reduction in the donor site after using this suture. The substratum horizontal mattress suture was shown to decrease the donor site dimensions and also its scar size in flap surgery. This suture is highly recommend in order to reduce donor site dimensions. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 69 Smoking Predictors of smoking among male college students in Saudi Arabia. Almogbel, Y.S.; Abughosh, S.M.; Almogbel, F.S.; Alhaidar, I.A.; Sansgiry, S.S. E-mail:ssansgiry@uh.edu University of Houston - College of Pharmacy - Department of Clinical Sciences and Administration EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (11): 909-914 (24 ref.) Keywords: Students; Questionnaires; Logistic Models; Universities; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: Identifying the predictors of smoking in one of the top cigarette-consuming countries in the world is a vital step in smoking prevention. A cross-sectional study assessed the predictors of smoking in a cohort of male students in 3 universities in Saudi Arabia. A pre-tested, validated questionnaire was used to determine sociodemographic characteristics, academic performance, peers' smoking, and presence of a smoker within the family. Of the 337 participants, 30.9% were current smokers [smoked 1 or more cigarettes within the last 30 days]. Lower academic performance [OR = 2.29, 95% CI: 1.02-5.17], peer smoking [OR = 4.14, 95% CI: 1.53-11.3] and presence of other smokers in the family [OR = 2.77, 95% CI: 1.37-5.64] were the significant predictors of smoking status identified using multiple logistic regression analysis. These findings highlight the influence of family and peer pressure in initiating cigarette use among the youth of Saudi Arabia. epidemiology Cigarette and waterpipe smoking associated knowledge and behaviour among medical students in Lebanon. Jradi, H.; Wewers, M.E.; Pirie, P.P.; Binkley, P.F.; Ferketich, A.K. E-mail:jradiho@ngha.med.sa King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences - College of Public Health and Health Informatics EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 861-868 (23 ref.) Keywords: Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Students, Medical; Cross-Sectional Studies; Tobacco Use Disorder-epidemiology; Tobacco Use Disorder-therapy; Prevalence; Socioeconomic Factors; Questionnaires Abstract: As future physicians capable of controlling tobacco dependence in the population, medical students are considered a main target for tobacco control interventions. This cross-sectional study reported on the prevalence of tobacco use [cigarettes and waterpipes] and associated knowledge and behaviour among 6th-year medical students in 2009-2010 from 6 medical schools in Lebanon. The self-administered questionnaire based on the Global Health Professional Survey [GHPSS] core questions also enquired about training in tobacco cessation approaches. All enrolled students were asked to participate; the response rate was 191/354 [54.3%]. The prevalence of tobacco use was 26.3% for cigarettes and 29.5% for waterpipes. Smoking waterpipes was the only significant predictor for cigarette smoking and there was no difference by sex and socioeconomic status. A minority reported ever receiving any formal training in treatment approaches for tobacco dependence. Medical schools should include tobacco dependence treatment training programmes in their curriculum and discourage tobacco use. Spouse Abuse psychology Experiences of intimate-partner violence and contraception use among ever-married women in Jordan. O'Hara, K.; Tsai, L.C.; Carlson, C.E.; Haidar, Y.M. E-mail:kmo2116@columbia.edu Columbia University - School of Social Work EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 876-882 (23 ref.) Keywords: Contraception Behavior-psychology; Marriage; Family Characteristics; Health Surveys; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Age Factors Abstract: This study explored the relationship between intimate partner violence [IPV] and current contraception use among ever-married women in Jordan. Analysing a sample [n = 3434] from the 2007 Jordan demographic and health survey, women who reported ever experiencing severe physical violence from their husband were significantly less likely to use contraception than women who did not report severe physical violence [OR = 0.34]. Conversely, women who reported ever experiencing sexual IPV were significantly more likely to use contraception [OR = 1.50]. Emotional and less severe physical IPV were not significantly related to contraception use. Education, wealth, age, number of children, and fertility preferences were positively associated with contraception use, while residence in the Badia area and consanguineous marriages were negatively associated with contraception use. The findings have implications for the provision of IPV screening and contraception services in Jordan, as well as the specification of services for women most vulnerable to IPV. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 70 Stem Cells Comparison of phenotypic characterization between differentiated osteoblasts from stem cells and calvaria osteoblasts in vitro. Hashemibeni, Batool; Jafary, Farzaneh; Esmaeil, Nafiseh; Goharian, Vahid; Feizi, Ghader; Heidari, Fariba; Moosavi Nejad, Sayyedeh Zahra; Zarkesh, Sayyed Hamid E-mail:hashemibeni@med.mui.ac.ir Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Medical School - Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 180-186 (38 ref.) Keywords: Skull; Osteogenesis; Bone and Bones; Osteoblasts; Alkaline Phosphatase; Tissue Engineering Abstract: Characteristics of differentiated osteoblasts from adipose derived stem cells [ADSCs] in compared with isolated osteoblasts from normal bone such as calvaria are unknown. The aim of this study was determination and comparison of phenotypic characterization between differentiated osteoblasts from stem cells and calvaria osteoblasts in vitro. In this study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adipose tissue of human by enzymatic digestion and were differentiated into osteoblasts using osteogenic medium. Characteristics of these cells at first, second, third and fourth weeks were comprised with calvaria osteoblasts that were isolated from human calvaria by explanation culture method. To screen the characteristics of both calvaria and the differentiated osteoblasts, we used western blot to identify protein levels, von Kossa staining for mineral matrix detection and alkaline phosphatase [ALP] assay kit [Sigma] for ALP activity measurement. Difference between calvaria and differentiated osteoblast cells were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen and mineral material production in differentiated osteoblasts at third week were more significantly than calvaria cells [P < 0.05]. Our results indicated that there was no significant different in osteocalcin [OC] production between differentiated osteoblast at first, second and third weeks and calvaria cells but declined at fourth week [P < 0.05]. Our survey showed that cellular traits of differentiated osteoblasts presented better than calvaria osteoblasts in vitro conditions. Therefore, we suggest that ADSCs could be used in next studies for bone tissue engineering. Stevens-Johnson Syndrome therapy Intravenous immunoglobulin in the treatment of vancomycin-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis. El Naggari, Mohamed A.; Javad, Hashim; Chacko, Alexander P.; Abdelmogheth, Anas A. E-mail: mnaggari@yahoo.com Sultan Qaboos University Hospital - Department of Child Health SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 132-136 (15 ref.) Keywords: Immunoglobulins, Intravenous-therapeutic use; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome-etiology; Granulocyte Colony- Stimulating Factor Abstract: Toxic epidermal necrolysis [TEN], an uncommon but potentially life-threatening skin reaction, is frequently induced by drugs. The mucocutaneous reaction is characterised by bullous detachment of the epidermis and mucous membranes. We present a 9-month-old male with methylmalonic acidaemia, generalised hypotonia, and global developmental delay. He presented with a 3-day history of fever, cough, shortness of breath, and vomiting. Eruption appeared after 5 days of vancomycin treatment. The eruption involved almost 60% of the total body surface area and both eyes. He was successfully treated with intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG], antibiotics, and appropriate wound management and made a full recovery with negligible sequelae despite the severity of his disease. Important components of successful treatment include early recognition, intensive care, prompt withdrawal of the causative agent, early administration of IVIG, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and control of infection. IVIG might be beneficial in the treatment of TEN; however, controlled studies are needed to evaluate IVIG compared to other modalities. Stress, Psychological Associations of pass-fail outcomes with psychological health of first-year medical students in a Malaysian medical school. Yusoff, Muhamad S.B. E-mail:msaiful@kb.usm.my Universiti Sains Malaysia SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 107-114 (59 ref.) Keywords: Anxiety; Depression; Students, Medical; Educational Measurement; Cross-Sectional Studies Abstract: The demanding and intense environment of medical training can create excessive pressures on medical students that eventually lead to unfavorable consequences, either at a personal or professional level. These consequences can include poor academic performance and impaired cognitive ability. This study was designed to explore associations between pass-fail outcome and psychological health parameters [i.e. stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms]. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a cohort of first-year medical students in a IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 71 Malaysian medical school. The depression anxiety stress scale 21-item assessment [DASS-21] was administered to them right after the final paper of the first-year final examination. Their final examination outcomes [i.e. pass or fail] were traced by using their student identity code [ID] through the Universiti Sains Malaysia academic office. A total of 194 [98.0%] of medical students responded to the DASS-21. An independent t-test showed that students who passed had significantly lower stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms than those who failed the first-year final examination [P <0.05]. Those who experienced moderate to high stress were at 2.43 times higher risk for failing the examination than those who experienced normal to mild stress. Medical students who failed in the final examination had higher psychological distress than those who passed the examination. Those who experienced high stress levels were more likely to fail than those who did not. Reducing the psychological distress of medical students prior to examination may help them to perform better in the examination. Students, Medical Medical students learning communication skills in a second language. Empathy and expectations. Hashim, Muhammad J.; Major, Stella; Mirza, Deen M.; Prinsloo, Engela A.M.; Osman, Ossama; Amiri, Leena; McLean, Michelle E-mail:jhashim@uaeu.ac.ae United Arab Emirates University - Department of Family Medicine SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 100-106 (31 ref.) Keywords: Language; Communication; Medical History Taking; Patient-Centered Care Abstract: Communications skills [CS] training for medical interviewing is increasingly being conducted in English at medical schools worldwide. In this study, we sought to identify whether Arabic-speaking medical students experienced difficulty with the different components of the CS training that were conducted in English. Individual third-year preclinical medical students [N = 45] were videotaped while interviewing simulated patients. Each student assessed his/her performance on a 13-item [5-point scale] assessment form, which was also completed by the tutor and other students in the group. Of the 13 components of their CS training, tutors awarded the lowest marks for students' abilities to express empathy, ask about patients' feelings, use transition statements, ask about functional impact, and elicit patients' expectations [P <0.001]. The expression of empathy and the ability to elicit patients' feelings and expectations are difficult to develop in medical students learning CS in a second language. Teaching methods Clinical teachers' opinions about bedside-based clinical teaching. Shehab, Abdullah E-mail:a.shehab@uaeu.ac.ae United Arab Emirates University - School of Medicine - Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 121-126 (26 ref.) Keywords: Curriculum; Students, Medical; Consultants; Medical Staff, Hospital Abstract: In recent years, there has been a decline in estimated time spent on bedside teaching. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical teachers' perceptions and practice of, and approaches to, bedside teaching. The study site was Ninewells Hospital in Dundee, UK. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and piloted on full-time clinical academic university staff. Responses were solicited to 36 questions relating to teaching experience, familiarity with the 12 learning outcomes of Dundee Medical School's curriculum, and perception and practice of basic bedside etiquette. For each of these items, a comparison between consultants and specialist registrars [SPRs] was carried out. Out of the 64 clinical teachers approached, 45 [70%] participated in the study: 26 of them [57.7%] were consultants and 19 [42.3%] SPRs. A total of 17 [65%] of the consultants had been trained to teach medical students at the bedside, while only 9 SPRs [47%] had had similar training. In addition, 13 consultants [50%] reported being familiar with Dundee Medical School's 12 learning outcomes, while only 7 [36%] SPRs were familiar with it. Obstacles reported by consultants and SPRs were groups of over 6 students [65% versus 61%, respectively], a limited number of patients with good clinical signs [67% versus 63%, respectively], a shorter length of stay in hospital [73% versus 68%, respectively], lack of privacy in crowded wards [76% versus 73%, respectively], and interruptions from telephones and visitors [57% versus 64%, respectively]. Effective clinical teacher training and a thorough understanding of curriculum outcomes are crucial to successful bedside clinical teaching. Identifying obstacles to bedside clinical teaching will contribute to a more effective and efficient programme. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 72 Telemedicine trends Telemedicine in Iran: chances and challenges. Salehahmadi, Zeinab; Hajialiasghari, Fatemeh Tehran University of Medical Science - Information Technology, Bushehr, University Instructure WJPS - World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2013; 2 (1): 18-25 (17 ref.) Keywords: Technology; Telemedicine-economics; Telecommunications Abstract: Technology is likely to transform the way care is delivered at home and in the community. Telemedicine, the child of IT and Medicine sciences is the use of telecommunication equipment and information technology to provide clinical care to individuals at distant sites and the transmission of medical and surgical information and images needed to provide that care. Undoubtedly, the advantages outweight its disadvantages, but just like any other innovations, it has some drawbacks. The present study outlines telemedicine strong and weak points. In this regard a survey has been done in Tehran University of Medical Sciences in Iran. Between 14[th] May and 14[th] August 2012, 90 medical specialist men and 42 women from different hospitals of Tehran Medical Sciences University, Iran were enrolled by a simple random sampling method. They all completed a questionnaire to consider what are telemedicine chances and challenges. Making use of telemedicine was a profitable alternative in remote, rural/urban places especially in new project of "family physician" presented by Iran Ministry of Health. The results also highlighted that security considerations was an inevitable challenge of telemedicine, while shorter hospital stays and reduced warm ischemic time, and reduced morbidity and mortality rates were telemedicine merits. Despite most previous studies results, telemedicine has been recognised as a cost-effective alternative. Cultural, language distinctions as well as the level of literacy were barriers on deploying telemedicine. There was no strong evidence showing that using telemedicine caused a decrease in tactile feedback. We need to fully understand and consider various outcomes and challenges of telemedicine before applying it. Tenascin blood An investigation of tenascin-c levels in rheumatic mitral stenosis and their response to percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty. Celik, Ahmet; Gunebakmaz, Ozgur; Baran, Oguzhan; Dogdu, Orhan; Elcik, Deniz; Kobat, Mehmet Ali; Balin, Mehmet; Erdem, Kenan; Aydin, Suleyman; Ozdogru, Ibrahim; Topsakal, Ramazan E-mail:ahmetcelik39@hotmail.com Elazig Education and Research Hospital - Department of Cardiology Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 29-34 (18 ref.) Keywords: Mitral Valve Stenosis-blood; Balloon Valvuloplasty; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Rheumatic Fever Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the tenascin-C levels in severe rheumatic mitral stenosis before and after percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty [PMBV]. Forty patients with severe mitral stenosis requiring PMBV and 20 age-matched healthy subjects were included in the study. The mitral valve areas, mitral gradients and systolic pulmonary artery pressure [sPAP] were measured by echocardiography. The sPAP values and mitral gradients were also measured by catheterization before and after PMBV. The blood tenascin-C levels were measured before PMBV and 1 month after the procedure. The echocardiographic mean mitral gradients had a significant decrease after PMBV [11.7 +/- 2.8 vs. 5.6 +/- 1.7 mm Hg; p < 0.001] and also those of catheterization [13.9 +/- 4.4 vs. 4.0 +/- 2.4 mm Hg; p < 0.001]. Mitral valve areas increased significantly after PMBV [from 1.1 +/- 0.1 to 1.8 +/- 0.2 cm[2], p < 0.001]. Tenascin- C levels decreased significantly in patients after PMBV [from 15.0 +/- 3.8 to 10.9 +/- 3.1 ng/ml; p < 0.001]. Tenascin-C levels were higher in patients with mitral stenosis before PMBV than in healthy subjects [15.0 +/- 3.8 and 9.4 +/- 2.9 ng/ml; p < 0.001, respectively]. There were no significant differences between patients with mitral stenosis after PMBV and healthy subjects [10.9 +/- 3.1 and 9.4 +/- 2.9 ng/ml; p = 0.09, respectively]. There was a significant positive correlation between tenascin-C levels and sPAP [r = 0.508, p < 0.001]. In multivariant analysis, tenascin-C predicted mitral stenosis [p = 0.004, OR: 2.31]. Tenascin-C was an independent predictor for rheumatic mitral stenosis. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 73 Thanatophoric Dysplasia diagnosis Molecular analysis of a case of thanatophoric dysplasia reveals two de novo FGFR3 missense mutations located in cis. Marquis Nicholson, Renate; Aftimos, Salim; Love, Donald R. University of Auckland - LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital - Diagnostic Genetics SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 80-87 (27 ref.) Keywords: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; Mutation, Missense; Thanatophoric Dysplasia-genetics; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 Abstract: Thanatophoric dysplasia [TD] is the most common form of lethal skeletal dysplasia. It is primarily an autosomal dominant disorder and is characterised by macrocephaly, a narrow thorax, short ribs, brachydactyly, and hypotonia. In addition to these core phenotypic features, TD type I involves micromelia with bowed femurs, while TD type II is characterised by micromelia with straight femurs and a moderate to severe clover-leaf deformity of the skull. Mutations in the FGFR3 gene are responsible for all cases of TD reported to date. The objective of the study here was to delineate further the mutational spectrum responsible for TD. Conventional polymerase chain reaction [PCR], allele- specific PCR, and sequence analysis were used to identify FGFR3 gene mutations in a fetus with a lethal skeletal dysplasia consistent with TD, which was detected during a routine antenatal ultrasound examination. In this report we describe the identification of two de novo missense mutations in cis in the FGFR3 gene [p.Asn540Lys and p.Val555Met] in a fetus displaying phenotypic features consistent with TD. This is the second description of a case of TD occurring as a result of double missense FGFR3 gene mutations, suggesting that the spectrum of mutations involved in the pathogenesis of TD may be broader than previously recognised. Thyroidectomy methods Identifying the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve: preventing a major risk of morbidity during thyroidectomy. Mahmodlou, Rahim; Aghasi, Mohammad Reza; Sepehrvand, Nariman Urmia University of Medical Sciences - Department of Surgery IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 237-240 (15 ref.) Keywords: Thyroidectomy-adverse effects; Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve; Laryngeal Nerves-anatomy and histology; Laryngeal Nerve Injuries Abstract: Non-recurrent laryngeal nerve [NRLN] is a rare anomaly which is reported in 0.3%-0.8% of people on the right side and in 0.004% [extremely rare] on the left side. Damage to this nerve during the surgical procedure may lead to severe iatrogenic morbidity and should therefore be prevented from being damaged. The best way to avoid this damage to the nerve is to identify the nerve with a systematic diligent dissection based on usual anatomical landmarks and awareness about the possibility of their existence. Hereby, we are going to present a 26-year-old woman, a case of NRLN on the right side which was identified during thyroidectomy. The nervous anomaly was accompanied with vascular abnormality which was confirmed by computerized tomography [CT] angiography, post-operatively. Tibial Fractures complications Ilizarov method with bone segment extension for treating large defects of the tibia caused by infected nonunion. Feng, Zhang H.; Yuan, Zhang; Jun, Li Z.; Tao, Zhang; Fa, Zheng Y.; Long, Ma X. Tianjin Medical University - General Hospital - Department of Orthopaedics Saudi Medical Journal 2013; 34 (3): 316-318 (5 ref.) Keywords: Fractures, Malunited-surgery; Wounds and Injuries; Ilizarov Technique; Infection IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 74 Tics etiology A case of vocal tic: an unusual presentation of neurobrucellosis. Al Mendalawi, Mahmood Dhahir E-mail:mdalmendalawi@yahoo.com Baghdad University - Al-Kindy College of Medicine - Department of Paediatrics EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 898-900 (3 ref.) Keywords: Brucellosis-complications; Cough-etiology; Nervous System Diseases-complications Torsades de Pointes etiology Multi-factorial causes of torsade de pointes in a hospitalised surgical patient. Panduranga, Prashanth; Al Mukhaini, Mohammed; Rajarao, Mamatha P. E-mail:prashanthp_69@yahoo.co.in Royal Hospital - Department of Cardiology SQUMJ - Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2013; 13 (1): 152-155 (11 ref.) Keywords: Electrocardiography; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ethanol-adverse effects; HIV Abstract: A 55-year-old chronic alcoholic male known to be positive for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] was admitted to a surgical ward following perianal abscess drainage. He was noted to have sinus bradycardia, ventricular premature complexes, and mild hypotension. His laboratory investigations revealed mild hypokalaemia. He was intermittently agitated and alcohol withdrawal syndrome [AWS] was diagnosed. Postoperatively, he received intravenous piperacillin/tazobactam and metronidazole infusions along with a small dose of dopamine. Analysis of a 24-hour Holter monitor [ECG] showed a prolonged QT interval with two episodes of self-terminating torsade de pointes. His AWS was treated, hypokalaemia was corrected, and dopamine, along with antibiotics, was withdrawn. There was no recurrence of arrhythmias. This case highlights the importance of avoiding QT-prolonging drugs in hospitalised patients, since hospitalised patients often have multiple risk factors for a proarrhythmic response. Transposition of Great Vessels surgery Simple D-transposition of great arteries operated at the age of 11 years. Asfalou, Iliyasse; Touati, Zakia; Amri, Rachida; Cherti, Mohammed E-mail:iasfalou@gmail.com Department of Cardiology B Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 99-101 (9 ref.) Keywords: Thoracic Surgery; Echocardiography Abstract: The simple transposition of the great arteries is a lethal congenital heart disease. The life expectancy of unoperated patients is about 9 months. We report the original observation of a girl with unoperated simple transposition of the great arteries, who survived until the age of 11 years. An atrial switch was successfully performed according to the technique of Senning-Mustard. Tuberculosis diagnosis Effect of delay in diagnosis on the rate of tuberculosis among close contacts of tuberculosis patients. Aldhubhani, A.H.N.; Izham, M.I. Mohamed; Pazilah, I.; Anaam, M.S. E-mail:dobhany@yahoo.com Universiti Sains Malaysia - School of Pharmaceutical Sciences - Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 2013; 19 (10): 837-842 (27 ref.) IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 75 Keywords: Tuberculosis-epidemiology; Time Factors; Tuberculin Test; Cross-Sectional Studies; Contact Tracing; Questionnaires Abstract: Few studies have explored diagnosis delay by tuberculosis [TB] patients and its effects on the rate of infection among their close contacts. A cross-sectional study of the close contacts of 505 newly diagnosed TB patients was conducted in a TB referral centre in Sana'a, Yemen from 2008 to 2010. Only the close contacts of 89 new TB patients agreed to participate and completed the tuberculin skin test [TST]. Of the 239 close contacts investigated, 133 [55.6%] had a positive TST result. Index patients were classified as long or short diagnosis delay [above or below the median]. There was no significant difference in the number of infected close contacts between long and short delay index patients [Mann-Whitney U-test]. A larger sample size, with more incentives for patients to participate and the use of other investigative tools could provide a better picture of the pattern of TB transmission among all contacts. Multifocal tuberculosis: many faces of an old menace. Chaudhry, Liaqat Ali; Al Solaiman, Shehab E-mail:Dr-liaqatali@hotmail.com Dammam Medical Complex [MOH] - Chief of Tuberculosis Centre - Department of Medicine and Chest Diseases International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 58-69 (17 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis, Pulmonary-diagnosis; Tuberculosis, Spinal-diagnosis; Psoas Abscess; Sacroiliac Joint; Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abstract: Tuberculosis continues to be a major health problem, and is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the commonest and epidemiologically the most important type of tuberculosis as the source of spread in the community. Some patients presenting with pulmonary tuberculosis also have associated multifocal extra-pulmonary tuberculosis and vice versa. Among these patients, some have predisposing factors for the development of disseminated tuberculosis, such as a heavy Mycobacterial load, weak or impaired innate or acquired immunity owing to diabetes, immune therapies, substance abuse or AIDS. Multifocal tuberculosis is characterized by the presence of large multifocal tuberculosis areas in the same or different adjacent or distant organs. This study presents a series of 20 patients with multifocal tuberculosis. The patients' records were reviewed to locate those with multifocal tuberculosis as well as pulmonary tuberculosis during the period between 4/2003 and 12/2010. A total of 1,388 patients with confirmed open pulmonary tuberculosis were admitted at the tuberculosis center within the Dammam Medical Complex. Out of this group of patients, 20 cases [1.5%] were found to have multifocal tuberculosis. Multifocal tuberculosis is observed both in immunocompetent as well as in those with weak or compromised immune systems. A thorough physical examination is required even in those confirmed pulmonary cases of tuberculosis to suspect and find extra-pulmonary involvement, because it is important from the management and prognostic perspective. The ultimate outcome under DOTS [directly observed treatment short course] was good in the majority of these cases, and only a few of them required surgical intervention. New tuberculosis tools are here: can we deliver them for maximal impact? Pai, Madhukar; Memish, Ziad A. McGill University - McGill International TB Center Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 1-2 (10 ref.) Keywords: Tuberculosis-prevention and control; Tuberculosis-epidemiology; Tuberculosis Vaccines Tuberculosis of the middle ear and nasal passage: a case report. Lmekki, Safaa; Lecanu, Jean Baptiste E-mail:sfifoya@hotmail.com International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 51-53 (13 ref.) Keywords: Nose-pathology; Nose Diseases; Ear, Middle-pathology; Eustachian Tube; Otitis Media-etiology Abstract: The following report highlights the case of a 55-year-old female with nasal and middle ear tuberculosis. The diagnosis was confirmed using imagery, histopathological biopsy reports, and Polymerase chain reaction [TB-PCR]. The patient was treated with rifampicin [10 mg/kg], isoniazid [5 mg/kg] and pyrazinamide [25 mg/kg] for 9 months. No recurrence was observed after one year of follow-up examination. Both nasal tuberculosis and tuberculous otitis media are currently considered rare diseases, yet if they are evaluated rapidly, there will be a good response to therapy without the need for surgery. Tuberculosis, Meningeal diagnosis Delayed diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in a pregnant Nigerian: a case report. Ejiji, Isa Samson; Gomerep, Simji; Johnson, Mafuka; Bemgba, Achie Basil E-mail:aejijisa@yahoo.com Jos University Teaching Hospital - Department of Medicine International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 54-57 (16 ref.) Keywords: Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Tuberculosis, Meningeal-therapy IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 76 Abstract: Tuberculous meningitis [TBM] is the most severe form of tuberculosis and is commoner in those with immunsuppression. Diagnosis continues to be difficult particularly in resource limited settings, and this may be truer in the setting of pregnancy. We report the case of a pregnant Nigerian who was diagnosed late with atypical features of TBM complicated by cerebral infarction. High index of suspicion and early administration of anti-tuberculous medications as daily therapy according to the national treatment guidelines: 600 mg Rifampicin, 300 mg Isoniazid, 1.2 g Pyrazinamide and 800 mg Ethambutol plus 50 mg pyridoxine and 0.4 mg/kg body weight/day dexamethasone which was tapered weekly led to a slow but sustained clinical improvement. The relationship between pregnancy, susceptibility to TBM and presenting features of TBM requires further exploration. Clinicians should also be aware of atypical presentation of TBM in pregnancy, and the suspicion of TBM may be sufficient grounds to initiate empirical anti-tuberculous therapy. Tuberculosis, Pulmonary epidemiology Daily contact with a patient and poor housing affordability as determinants of pulmonary tuberculosis in urban Pakistan. Haider, Batool A.; Akhtar, Saeed; Hatcher, Juanita Aga Khan University - Harvard School of Public Health - Department of Epidemiology International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2013; 2 (1): 38-43 (28 ref.) Keywords: Housing; Case-Control Studies; Tuberculosis; Risk Factors; Urban Population Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis [TB] among individuals aged 15 years or more in urban Karachi, Pakistan. A case-control design was implemented in three major tertiary-care hospitals to select cases [n = 342] with active pulmonary TB [i.e. two sputum smears positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis with clinical and radiographic evidence of current pulmonary TB and diagnosed between August 2002 and October 2003. Selected controls [n = 342] were surgery patients from the same hospitals at time of recruitment of the cases, without clinical and radiographic evidence of pulmonary TB. Multivariable logistic regression model showed that daily contact with a pulmonary TB patient [adjusted odds ratio [OR[adj]] = 5.07; 95% CI: 3.31, 7.78], and poor housing affordability [i.e. rented vs. owned] [OR[adj] = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.26] were significantly associated with pulmonary TB status. The overall adjusted summary population attributable risk [%] for both the risk factors together was 38.7. Reaching out to underprivileged TB patients for delivery of DOTS and focused education of patients and their contacts about M. tuberculosis transmission mode may substantially minimize pulmonary TB risk in this and similar settings. Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among expatriates subjected to medical visa screening in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Al Hosani, Farida I.; Yahia, Ghada A. E-mail:falhosani@haad.ae Health Authority of Abu Dhabi - Communicable Diseases Department Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2013; 3 (1): 23-30 (14 ref.) Keywords: Prevalence; Tuberculosis-epidemiology; Travel Medicine Abstract: All applicants for work and/or residence in Abu Dhabi are screened for tuberculosis at the time of issuing or renewing their residence visa. The purpose of this study is to assess the prevalence of TB among visa applicants and the likelihood of testing positive among different subgroups. Data from the electronic visa screening system was used for a total of 948,504 applicants screened for residence in Abu Dhabi from January to December 2010. The screening identified 4577 suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis [PTB]; 1558 people with chest X-ray findings suggestive of prior PTB; 235 smear-positives; and 132 culture-positive cases. The prevalence of active PTB was 39/100,000, with new applicants significantly more likely to test positive compared with renewals [OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.5-2.7, P < .001]. People coming from African countries had the highest prevalence of TB compared with people from other regions [OR: 21.25, 95% CI: 6.72-67.17, P < .001]. The number of active PTB cases among applicants for visa screening is still of a real concern. Without a rigorous screening system, the disease can spread to the community and hit other people. Certain subgroups were more likely to have the disease; this could provide the scientific foundation for future amendments in the screening requirements. Tumor Markers, Biological Tumor markers in clinical practice: a review focusing on common solid cancers. Duffy, Michael J. E-mail:Michael.J.Duffy@ucd.ie St Vincent's University Hospital - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 4-11 (39 ref.) Keywords: Biological Markers; alpha-Fetoproteins; Carcinoembryonic Antigen; CA-125 Antigen; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Chorionic Gonadotropin; Neoplasms-diagnosis; Neoplasms-prevention and control; Early Detection of Cancer IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 77 Abstract: Tumor markers are playing an increasingly important role in cancer detection and management. These laboratory-based tests are potentially useful in screening for early malignancy, aiding cancer diagnosis, determining prognosis, surveillance following curative surgery for cancer, up front predicting drug response or resistance, and monitoring therapy in advanced disease. Clinically useful markers include fecal occult blood testing in screening for early colorectal cancer, carcinoembryonic antigen in the management of patients with colorectal cancer, both alpha- fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin in the management of patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors, CA 125 for monitoring therapy in patients with ovarian cancer, estrogen receptors for predicting response to hormone therapy in breast cancer, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 for the identification of women with breast cancer likely to respond to trastuzumab [Herceptin] and KRAS mutational status for identifying patients with advanced colorectal cancer likely to benefit from treatment with the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies, cetuximab and panitumumab. Although widely used, the value of prostate-specific antigen screening in reducing mortality from prostate cancer is unclear. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A blood Changes and prognostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Zhou, Zhen Hu; Cui, Xiao Ning; Xing, Huai Guang; Yan, Rui Hong; Yao, Dao Kuo; Wang, Le Xin Taishan Medical University - Liaocheng People's Hospital - Departments of Nuclear Medicine Medical Principles and Practice 2013; 22 (1): 24-28 (22 ref.) Keywords: Neoplasm Metastasis; Thyroid Neoplasms-diagnosis; Thyroglobulin; Predictive Value of Tests Abstract: To evaluate the changes and the prognostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer [DTC] . A total of 79 patients with DTC and 30 healthy individuals were divided into four groups: [1] a healthy control group [n = 30]; [2] DTC without recurrence [n = 35; 23 papillary, 12 follicular] ; [3] DTC with local recurrence [n = 24; 15 papillary, 9 follicular] , and [4] DTC with lung metastasis [n = 20; 13 papillary, 7 follicular] . Serum VEGF and thyroglobulin levels were measured in all patients. Serum levels of VEGF were significantly higher in the lung metastasis group than in the other three groups [p < 0.05]. Serum thyroglobulin concentration positively correlated with VEGF expression [r = 0.8678, p < 0.001] in patients with thyroid cancer recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that clinical staging [OR = 1.851, 95% Cl 1.04-3.47; p = 0.038] , non-compliance with postoperative thyroxin replacement therapy [OR = 1.935,95% Cl 1.03-3.65; p = 0.042] and postoperative levels of thyroglobulin [OR = 1.892, 95% Cl 1.01-3.56, p =0.032] were independent predictors for thyroid cancer recurrence. Every additional 100 ng/l of serum VEGF levels increased the risk of thyroid cancer recurrence by 20.3%; but this did not reach statistical significance [OR = 1.203, 95% Cl 0.95-1.52; p = 0.125] . Serum VEGF increased in patients with recurrent thyroid cancer following surgical therapies. The predictive value of serum VEGF requires further investigation. Vitiligo immunology Vitiligo and autoantibodies of celiac disease. Shahmoradi, Zabihollah; Najafian, Jamshid; Naeini, Farahnaz Fatemi; Fahimipour, Farinaz Isfahan University of Medical Sciences - Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center - Department of Dermatology IJPM - International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2013; 4 (2): 200-203 (28 ref.) Keywords: Celiac Disease-immunology; Autoantibodies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Vitiligo-epidemiology; Celiac Disease-epidemiology; Diet, Gluten-Free Abstract: Vitiligo is an acquired, idiopathic disorder characterized by circumscribed depigmented macules and patches. The exact etiology and pathogenesis of vitiligo is not clear. Many theories have been presented regarding this subject among them aautoimmune theory is the most important one. The association of vitiligo with other autoimmune disorders has been reported, but the relationship between vitiligo and celiac disease is controversial. The aim of this study was to study the frequency of celiac autoantibodies in a group of vitiligo patients compared with control. This was a cross sectional case control study that involved 128 individuals, 64 vitiligo patients and 64 individuals as control group. The means age of participants was 30.3 +/- 14.4 years. IgA anti Endomysial antibody and IgA anti-glutaminase antibody were measured by ELISA method in the serum of all participants. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 15. The serum of two vitiligo patients [3.1%] was positive for antibodies. All control groups were seronegative for these antibodies [P < 0.05]. There was nosignificant effect of sex and job on seropositivity. There may be a relationship between celiac disease and vitiligo. This may indicate a common basic autoimmune mechanism that is an explanation for few case reports that gluten free diets were effective in the treatment of vitiligo patients. Both T test and exact fisher test showed no effect of age, sex and job anseropositivity of these patients [p=0.56 and p=0.74, respectively]. IMEMR Current Contents Subject Index 78 Wounds and Injuries therapy Assessment of hemostatic changes after crystalloid and colloid fluid preloading in trauma patients using standard coagulation parameters and thromboelastography. Sawhney, Chhavi; Subramanian, Arulselvi; Kaur, Manpreet; Anjum, Ajaz; Albert, Venencia; Soni, Kapil Dev; Kumar, Ajit All India Institute of Medical Sciences - JPNA Trauma Centre - Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care SJA - Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 2013; 7 (1): 48-56 (37 ref.) Keywords: Colloids-therapeutic use; Isotonic Solutions-therapeutic use; Thrombelastography; Hemostatics Abstract: The choice of an ideal fluid administered post trauma and its subsequent influence on coagulation still poses a clinical dilemma. Hence, this study was designed to assess the influence of in vivo hemodilution with various fluid preparations [4% gelatin, 6% hydoxyethyl starch [HES], Ringer's lactate, 0.9% normal saline] on coagulation using standard coagulation parameters and real-time thromboelastography [TEG] in patients undergoing elective surgery post trauma. In a randomized, double-blind study, 100 patients of either sex and age, belonging to ASA Grades I and II, scheduled for elective surgeries were allocated into four groups of 25 each according to the type of fluid infused. Group G [4% gelatin], Group N [0.9% normal saline], Group R [Ringer's lactate], and Group H [6% HES] received preloading with 1 L of fluid according to the group. The coagulation status of the patients was assessed during perioperative period [before surgery, after fluid preloading, and at the end of the surgery] using both conventional coagulation analysis and TEG. Analysis of variance [ANOVA], post hoc and Pearson Chi-square test were used. In all the patients preloaded with gelatin, there was a significant increase in prothrombin time index [PTI; 14.88 +/- 0.90 vs. 13.78 +/- 3.01, P<0.001] and international normalized ratio [INR; 1.12 +/- 0.09 vs. 1.09 +/- 0.19, P<0.05] compared to the baseline value. An increase was observed in these parameters in the postoperative period also. In the HES group, there was statistically significant increase in PT time [15.70 +/- 1.51 vs. 13.74 +/- 0.75, P=0.01] and INR [1.20 +/- 0.15 vs. 1.03 +/- 0.17, P<0.001] as compared to the baseline. In the intergroup comparisons , the patients preloaded with HES had a significant increase in INR [1.20 +/- 0.15 vs. 1.12 +/- 0.09, P=0.04] and reaction time [R time; 6.84 +/- 2.55 min vs. 4.79 +/- 1.77 min, P=0.02] as compared to the gelatin group. The fall in coagulation time [k time; 2.16 +/- 0.98 vs. 3.94 +/- 2.6, P=0.02], rise in maximum amplitude [MA; 61.94 +/- 14.08 vs. 50.11 +/- 14.10, P=0.04], and rise in A20 [56.17 +/- 14.66 vs. 43.11 +/- 14.24, P=0.05] were more in patients preloaded with RL as compared to the HES group. 100% patients in the gelatin group, 84.2% patients in the NS group, 94.4% patients in the RL group, and 66.7% patients in the HES group had hypocoagulable [R time > 14 min] state in the postoperative period. Crystalloids are optimal volume expanders in trauma, with RL having beneficial effects on coagulation system [decrease in k time and increase in MA and A20]. Among the colloids, HES 6% [130/0.4] affects coagulation parameters [increase in PTI, INR, R time, k time] more than gelatin. Trial registration [protocol number-IEC/NP-189/2011]. Wounds, Nonpenetrating surgery Isolated tear in left atrial appendage due to blunt trauma chest: a rare case report. Salooja, Manpreet S.; Singla, Manender; Srivastava, Anupam; Mukherjee, Kishore C. E-mail:manpreet. salooja@gmail.com S.P.S Apollo Hospitals - Department of CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 2013; 25 (2): 95-97 (7 ref.) Keywords: Heart Injuries; Heart Atria-injuries; Rupture Abstract: Blunt traumatic cardiac rupture is associated with a high mortality rate. Motor vehicle accidents account for most cardiac ruptures, but crush injury is relatively rare. We describe a case of a 72-year-old man who had the left atrial appendage ruptured through blunt trauma due to a fall from scooter. Simple suture repair of the atrial appendage was achieved after clamping the base of the left atrium to control the bleeding. He recovered without complication. Traumatic injury to left atrial appendage is rarely seen and reported. Appendix I Author Index
IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 81 Abbasi, Ruholah FACIAL PARALYSIS (surgery) Abdel Meguid, Mohamed Essam DEXMEDETOMIDINE (therapeutic use) Abdellatif, Mohamed ASCITES Abdelmogheth, Anas A. STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (therapy) Abdelmogheth, Anas Alwogud PLASMAPHERESIS (adverse effects) Abia Bassey, Lydia N. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (isolation and purification) Abou Saleh, M.T. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Abouhashem, Safwat ANESTHESIA, EPIDURAL (adverse effects) Abuanza, Mazen ASCITES Abughosh, S.M. SMOKING Acar, Zeydin HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Achour, S. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Adjoh, K. HIV INFECTIONS (complications) Afhami, Sh. PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED (epidemiology) Afshin, A. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Aftimos, Salim THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Agac, Mustafa Tarik HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Aghaei, H. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Aghaghazvini, Rozita RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Aghasi, Mohammad Reza THYROIDECTOMY (methods) Ahmadi, N.A. LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Ahmed, Wasim ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) AI Mahbashi, A.A. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Akcan, Esra LIVER CIRRHOSIS (pathology) Akgun, Metin MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES (radionuclide imaging) Akhtar, Saeed TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY (epidemiology) Aksoy, Secil MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Akyuz, Ali Riza HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Al Abbas, Fatima HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE Al Abri, Mohamed MUCORMYCOSIS (complications) Al Akhfash, Ali A. SEPTAL OCCLUDER DEVICE Al Asmi, Abdullah EPILEPSY, REFLEX (surgery) Al Azawi, Sinan CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS (diagnosis) Al Azri, Faisal MUCORMYCOSIS (complications) Al Balushi, Zenab ASCITES Al Bannawi, Zainab HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE Al Dughaishi, Tamima FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE (mortality) ASCITES Al Fadhli, Mariam HIV INFECTIONS (blood) Al Fagih, A. PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL (adverse effects) Al Fayadh, Majid SEPTAL OCCLUDER DEVICE Al Ghamdi, S. PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL (adverse effects) Al Hajoj, Sahal MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (drug effects) Al Hinai, Ahmed MUCORMYCOSIS (complications) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 82 Al Hosani, Farida I. TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY (epidemiology) Al Huthail, Yaser R. IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME Al Jabri, Samiya MUCORMYCOSIS (complications) Al Jadaani, M. CHILD ABUSE (psychology) Al Jaouni, Soad K. ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL Al Khabori, Murtadha FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE (mortality) Al Khotani, Amal LUPUS VASCULITIS, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (diagnosis) Al Lawati, Jawad ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (epidemiology) Al Mahmeed, Wael HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Al Mehairi, M. PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL (adverse effects) Al Mehayawi, Mutasem S. ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL Al Mendalawi, Mahmood Dhahir TICS (etiology) Al Mesned, Abdulrahman SEPTAL OCCLUDER DEVICE Al Moundhri, Mansour LUNG NEOPLASMS (epidemiology) Al Muhayawi, Mohammad S. ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL Al Mukhaini, Mohammed TORSADES DE POINTES (etiology) Al Mutwa, Sabiha PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS Al Nahedh, Hend Nahedh DENTAL RESTORATION, TEMPORARY Al Omari, Ruba MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (drug effects) Al Qasmi, Ahmed M. MARRIAGE Al Ramadhan, Anwaar HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE Al Rawas, Omar ASTHMA (diagnosis) Al Rikabi, Ammar ANESTHETICS, LOCAL (administration and dosage) Al Riyami, Nihal FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE (mortality) ASCITES Al Ruhaimi, Khalid A. RANULA (diagnosis) Al Ruheili, Intisar FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE (mortality) Al Sharief, H.S. ESTHETICS, DENTAL Al Shezawi, Fatma FETAL MEMBRANES, PREMATURE RUPTURE (mortality) Al Solaiman, Shehab TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Al Sousi, Awatif HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Al Sudani, Dina HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE Al Sulami, A.A. LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA (isolation and purification) Al Taee, A.M.R. LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA (isolation and purification) Al Turaifi, Hussain R. INSULIN (biosynthesis) Al Yaaruby, Saif PLASMAPHERESIS (adverse effects) Al Zeedy, Khalfan ASTHMA (diagnosis) Alaei, Hojjatallah MORPHINE (pharmacology) ALZHEIMER DISEASE (veterinary) Alaei, Samaneh MORPHINE (pharmacology) Albaji, Maryam IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Albert, Venencia WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Aldhubhani, A.H.N. TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Aldwell, Frank E. BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 83 Alhaidar, I.A. SMOKING Ali, N.M.A. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Ali-Hassan-Sayegh, Sadegh ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (diagnosis) AlJishi, H.A. BILE ACIDS AND SALTS Alkhunaizi, A.M. BILE ACIDS AND SALTS Almogbel, F.S. SMOKING Almogbel, Y.S. SMOKING Alonazi, Noufa A. NURSES (organization and administration) Alper, Fatih MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES (radionuclide imaging) Alsinani, Siham ASCITES AlSodah, Z.A. BILE ACIDS AND SALTS Alumran, Arwa ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS (therapeutic use) Alvarez, Felipe Villar ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Alwan, Ala PUBLIC HEALTH PRACTICE Alzeer, Abdulaziz H. CORNEA (pathology) Amini, Afshin PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Amini, Shahram CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Aminuddin, Amilia METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Amirbeigy, Mohammad Kazem LUNG NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Amiri, Leena STUDENTS, MEDICAL Amirimani, Behnaz IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Amirkhani, Amir ADOLESCENT Amouri, Ali ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Amra, Babak RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Amri, Rachida TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS (surgery) An, Shu MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Anaam, M.S. TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Anaforoglu, Inan HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Andreadis, D. CADHERINS (analysis) Andresen, David GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Ang, Lawrence PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Anjum, Ajaz WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Annigeri, Venkatesh ANESTHESIA, SPINAL Ansari, Reza COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Ansarin, Khalil ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Antonakis, Pantelis T. POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Antoniades, K. CADHERINS (analysis) Anwari, Jamil S. KETOROLAC (administration and dosage) Aquino Vega, Mayda MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Aragon, Joseph PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Arce Paredes, Patricia MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Ardalan, Mohammad Reza ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Ardalanc, Gelayol ADOLESCENT Ariga, Jitendra PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS Arya, Snehdeep ANESTHESIA (methods) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 84 Asfalou, Iliyasse TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS (surgery) Asha, N. ANEMIA Asif, Mohammad PERILLA FRUTESCENS (chemistry) Asl, Naser Ahmadi ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Aslani, Mohammad Mehdi ESCHERICHIA COLI (pathogenicity) Assari, Shervin ETHNOLOGY Asthana, Veena ANESTHESIA (methods) Asuquo, Anne E. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (isolation and purification) Ates, O. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Atlanoglu, Sahinde LIVER CIRRHOSIS (pathology) Attallah, M. KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (drug effects) Augustin, Norbert HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Awliya, Wedad Yassin DENTAL RESTORATION, TEMPORARY Ayazi, Khosro GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Aydin, Suleyman TENASCIN (blood) Aydin, Yener MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES (radionuclide imaging) Ayman, Moataz HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Azadbakht, Leila ADIPONECTIN (blood) Azar, Alireza Nour ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Azari, M. Rezazadeh OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Azfar, Mohammad Feroz CORNEA (pathology) Azimzadeh, Pedram COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Azizieh, Fawaz HIV INFECTIONS (blood) Baadani, Abeer M. ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (drug effects) Babaki, Amir Eslami Shahr RHINOPLASTY Babar, Z. Ud-Din DRUG INDUSTRY (standards) Baddar, Sawsan ASTHMA (diagnosis) Baez, Yolanda Laporta ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Bafandeh, Yoosef INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Baghbanian, Ali LUNG NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Baghbanian, Mahmud LUNG NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Bahari, Ali INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Baidya, Dalim Kumar ANESTHESIA Balin, Mehmet TENASCIN (blood) Bano, Nusrat PREHYPERTENSION (epidemiology) Baran, Oguzhan TENASCIN (blood) Barzin, Gilda COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Basak, Kayhan EPIDERMAL CYST (diagnosis) Basak, Pinar Y. EPIDERMAL CYST (diagnosis) Basnet, Sahisnuta MENINGITIS (diagnosis) Bayhan, Gulsum Iclal BRUCELLOSIS (complications) Bayindir, Hakan MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Bazargani-Gilani, Behnaz AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA (drug effects) Bazaz, N. Esmailpour PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED (epidemiology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 85 Bedi, Vikram POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE (prevention and control) Bemgba, Achie Basil TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL (diagnosis) Ben Jemaa, Mounir ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Berberoglu, Atilla MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Bestas, Azize ANESTHESIA, INTRAVENOUS Bhalla, Tarun ANESTHESIA, CAUDAL Bhandari, Shyam INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (instrumentation) Bilal, Naser E. ESCHERICHIA COLI (drug effects) Binkley, P.F. SMOKING (epidemiology) Bocchiotti, Maria Alessandra RHINOPLASTY Boker, Abdulaziz M. INTUBATION (methods) Bokhari, A. ESTHETICS, DENTAL Boudawara, Tahia ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Boudou, Nicolas PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (methods) Bouzari, Saeid ESCHERICHIA COLI (pathogenicity) Burney, Ikram A. LUNG NEOPLASMS (epidemiology) Butala, Beena P. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Butala, Bina P. BUPIVACAINE (therapeutic use) Cao, Jianping ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Carlson, C.E. SPOUSE ABUSE (psychology) Carrie, Didier PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (methods) Celik, Ahmet TENASCIN (blood) Chacko, Alexander P. STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (therapy) Chandanwale, Ajay LIPOMA (diagnosis) Chattopadhyay, Sayan LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (diagnosis) Chaudhry, Liaqat Ali TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Chauhan, Gaurav BRACHIAL PLEXUS NEURITIS NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES (etiology) Chen, Guanglie ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Chen, Qian MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Chen, Robert T. ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Chen, Xialin ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Cheng, Richard K. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Cherti, Mohammed TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS (surgery) Choh, Naseer.A. ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Chowdhry, Vivek INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Codazzi, Denis RHINOPLASTY Copeland, J.R.M. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Corinne, Lejus ANESTHESIA (methods) Cui, Xiao Ning VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) Czepluch, Wenzel BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Daheshpour, Elnaz GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX Damyar, N. SAFETY Daou, Elie E. MANDIBULAR PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION (adverse effects) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 86 Das, Bikramjit POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE (prevention and control) Das, Srijit METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Date, Rohit R. ANALGESICS, OPIOID (adverse effects) David, K. NANOTECHNOLOGY Davoudian talab, A.H. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Degirmenci, Nevbahar A. LIVER CIRRHOSIS (pathology) Dehghan, S.F. NOISE (prevention and control) Desai, Sameer ANESTHESIA, SPINAL Dhiraaj, Sanjay AIRWAY MANAGEMENT Didier, Pean ANESTHESIA (methods) Dogdu, Orhan TENASCIN (blood) Doherty, Elaine COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION Dorer, Dominik BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Doroudi, Taher PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Dorvlo, Atsu S. MARRIAGE Duffy, Michael J. TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL Duman, N. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Dunn, Amy C. BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Durakis, Spyros CROHN DISEASE (complications) Durrani, S. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Durrheim, David N. PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCE Ebrahem, Mohamed Abdelmoniem AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS Ebrahimi, Hadi AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA (drug effects) Eghtesad, Sareh LIVER CIRRHOSIS (complications) Eidypour, Zainab GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Ejiji, Isa Samson TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL (diagnosis) Eklunda, Daniel MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Ektefa, Fatemeh CELIAC DISEASE (blood) El Ahmed, Husein H. PSORIASIS (therapy) RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME (drug therapy) El Annany, A. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION El Baroudy, Islam PLASMAPHERESIS (adverse effects) El Bushra, H.E. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) El Hammady, W. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION El Hefnawy, Ahmed S. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) El Khizzi, Noura A. ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (drug effects) El Naggari, Mohamed A. STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (therapy) El Samani, E. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Elaagib, R. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Elarousy, W. CHILD ABUSE (psychology) Elcik, Deniz TENASCIN (blood) Eldawlatly, Abdelazeem ANESTHETICS, LOCAL (administration and dosage) Elfakir, S. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Ellahham, Samer HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Ellis, John GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Elmasry, Shady ANESTHETICS, LOCAL (administration and dosage) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 87 Elmazary, Abdelazem ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX Elshayeb, A.A. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Emadian, Omid ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL (adverse effects) Emami, Mohammad Hassan PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Epivatianos, A. CADHERINS (analysis) Erdem, Kenan TENASCIN (blood) Erdemir, A. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Eremin, S. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) Erfanparast, Amir CURCUMIN (therapeutic use) Erhan, Omer Lutfi ANESTHESIA, INTRAVENOUS Erkan, Hakan HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Erpeng, Zhao CHOLECYSTITIS (diagnosis) Esfarjani, Fatemeh BIRTH WEIGHT Eskandari, D. RISK ASSESSMENT Esmaeil, Nafiseh STEM CELLS Esmaeilzadeh, Abbas INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Esmaili, Heydar Ali ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad BIRTH WEIGHT Estakhri, Rasoul ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Etemadifar, Mohammad R. HIP JOINT Everitt, Charlotte L. BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Eze, Boniface I. EYE (anatomy and histology) Ezici, Musa ANESTHESIA, INTRAVENOUS Fa, Zheng Y. TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Fadaei, Alireza SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Fahimipour, Farinaz VITILIGO (immunology) Farabad, Elaheh ADIPONECTIN (blood) Farahmand, Siamak GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Farbood, Yaghoub GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Fardmal, J. SAFETY Fares, Auda COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (epidemiology) Faris, Ali S. ANALGESICS, OPIOID (adverse effects) Farkhad, Najme Kafash DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Farokhi, Farah DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Fatemi, Seyed Reza COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Fathi, Fariba CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Fathi, Mohsen CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Feizi, Ghader STEM CELLS Feng, Zhang H. TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Fereshtehnejad, Seyed Mohammad PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Ferketich, A.K. SMOKING (epidemiology) Firinci, F. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Fletcher, Stephanie GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Formenty, P. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 88 Forouzannia, Seyed Khalil ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (diagnosis) Fransson, Sven Goran MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Fuad, Ahmad F. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Furrukh, Muhammad LUNG NEOPLASMS (epidemiology) Furuya, Hitoshi AMIDES (administration and dosage) Galgon, Richard E. PROPOFOL (adverse effects) Ganji, Azita INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Garcia, Andres Lopez ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Garg, Rakesh ANESTHESIA Garg, S. DRUG INDUSTRY (standards) Gatzonis, Stylianos EPILEPSY, TEMPORAL LOBE (diagnosis) Gemeay, Essmat M. DIABETES MELLITUS (psychology) Georgaculias, Nikos EPILEPSY, TEMPORAL LOBE (diagnosis) George, Alice M. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION George, Jojy ASTHMA (diagnosis) Ghadirian, Laleh PUBLIC HEALTH Ghafarzadegan, Kamran INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Ghahri, A. RISK ASSESSMENT Ghassemi, Shahin PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Ghazanwy, Mahmood CONSCIOUS SEDATION (methods) Ghiasseddin, M. RISK ASSESSMENT Gholamrezaei, Ali RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Ghomshe, F. Tabatabai LOW BACK PAIN Ghorbani, Ahmad REISHI Ghorbanihaghjou, Amir ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Ghori, M.A. HEART VENTRICLES (pathology) Gogia, Anoop R. INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (instrumentation) Goh, Khye Seng MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (isolation and purification) Goharian, Vahid STEM CELLS Golbabaei, F. RISK ASSESSMENT Golmohammadi, R. SAFETY Gomaa, N. KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (drug effects) Gomerep, Simji TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL (diagnosis) Gonsalves, Hazel CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS (diagnosis) Gothankar, Jayashree S. HEALTH KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, PRACTICE Gourgiotis, Stavros POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Gowri, Vaidyanathan ABORTION, THERAPEUTIC Goyal, Keshav CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA Gregorio, David I. HEALTH EXPENDITURES Gregorio, Leah E. HEALTH EXPENDITURES Gujjar, Arunodaya R. EPILEPSY, REFLEX (surgery) Gunebakmaz, Ozgur TENASCIN (blood) Gupta, Amit ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Gupta, Kapil BRACHIAL PLEXUS NEURITIS NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES (etiology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 89 Gupta, Priyanka CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA Gust, Deborah A. ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Hadadi, A. PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED (epidemiology) Hafeez, Imran ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Haghighi, Mahdi Montazer COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Haidar, Y.M. SPOUSE ABUSE (psychology) Haider, Batool A. TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY (epidemiology) Hajiahmadi, M. HEAT STRESS DISORDERS (epidemiology) Hajialiasghari, Fatemeh TELEMEDICINE (trends) Hajian Tilaki, Karimollah OBESITY (epidemiology) Hajipour, Babak ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Halawa, Taher F. ANEMIA, SICKLE CELL Hamadeh R.R. ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC (mortality) Hamdi, Ilham Moosa POLYHYDRAMNIOS Hamid, Mohamed E. ESCHERICHIA COLI (drug effects) Hammami, Boussaima ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Hamzeh-Gooshchi, Nasrin CURCUMIN (therapeutic use) Haq, Z. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL (statistics and numerical data) Hardnett, Felicia ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Harkness, John GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Hasan, R. DRUG INDUSTRY (standards) Hashemibeni, Batool STEM CELLS Hashim, Muhammad J. STUDENTS, MEDICAL Hassanpour, Seyed Esmail SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Hatcher, Juanita TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY (epidemiology) Hegazi, Mohamed Osama MYELINOLYSIS, CENTRAL PONTINE (diagnosis) Heidari, Amin HELICOBACTER PYLORI (drug effects) Heidari, Behzad OBESITY (epidemiology) Heidari, Fariba STEM CELLS Heidari, Reza DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Helwani, Mohammad ANESTHESIA, EPIDURAL (methods) Heshmat, Ramin ADOLESCENT Honar, Behzad Nemati GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Hongtao, Zhang CHOLECYSTITIS (diagnosis) Hoseini, S.R. HEAT STRESS DISORDERS (epidemiology) Hosseini, M. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Hosseini, Mohsen ADOLESCENT Hosseini, Nasrin ALZHEIMER DISEASE (veterinary) Hosseini, Sayed Mohsen ADOLESCENT Hosseinzadeh, Elinaz PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Hou, Xiang Yu ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS (therapeutic use) Huang, Yifan MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Hubaishi, Y. PACEMAKER, ARTIFICIAL (adverse effects) Hurst, Cameron ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS (therapeutic use) Hussien, K. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 90 Ibrahim, Mutasim E. ESCHERICHIA COLI (drug effects) Ibrahim, S.A. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Idh, Jonna MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Inci, Mehmet Fatih PULMONARY EMBOLISM (diagnosis) Inoue, Satoki AMIDES (administration and dosage) Inuwa, Ibrahim PHYSICIAN'S ROLE Iqbal, Khurshid ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Iqbal, Shamim ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Islam, M. Mazharul MARRIAGE Iwata, Toshio AMIDES (administration and dosage) Izadi, Vajihe ADIPONECTIN (blood) Izedpanah, Ahmad GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (diagnosis) Izham, M.I. Mohamed TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Jacob, P.C. EPILEPSY, REFLEX (surgery) Jafari, Anis ESCHERICHIA COLI (pathogenicity) Jafary, Farzaneh STEM CELLS Jafferbhoy, Sadaf ENDOMETRIOSIS (diagnosis) Jahangiri, M. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Jalilimanesh, Mohammad SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Javad, Hashim STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME (therapy) Jayakrishnan, B. ASTHMA (diagnosis) Jayanthi, Venkata R. ANESTHESIA, CAUDAL Jiang, Chunmiao MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Johnson, Mafuka TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL (diagnosis) Joshi, Namrata LIPOMA (diagnosis) PERFORATOR FLAP Jradi, H. SMOKING (epidemiology) Jubri, Zakiah METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Jun, Li Z. TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Kahokehr, Arman PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Kakoei, H. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Kalantar-Hormozi, Abdoljalil DEATH Kalhor, Mohsen CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Kamel, N. KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (drug effects) Kamisah, Yusof METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Kamsiah, Jaarin METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Karadayi, Nimet EPIDERMAL CYST (diagnosis) Karami, Mehdi PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Kariyattil, Rajeev HYDROCEPHALUS (surgery) INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM (complications) Karsany, M.S. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Kashfi, Seyed Mohammad Hossein COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Kaur, Manpreet WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Kazemi, Hadi PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Kazemian, Shabnam COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Kehagias, N. CADHERINS (analysis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 91 Kelishadi, Roya ADOLESCENT Keramati, Keivan GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Khabbaz, Alieh GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Khadadah, Mousa ASTHMA (economics) Khalilian, Alireza GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX Khan, Muhammad Faisal CORNEA (pathology) Khan, W. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL (statistics and numerical data) Khanna, Puneet ANESTHESIA Khanyaghma, Mahsa COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Khattabi, A. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Khitamy, Badawy A.B. ABORTION, THERAPEUTIC Khorami, E. PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED (epidemiology) Khoshbin, Soheila ADOLESCENT Kobat, Mehmet Ali TENASCIN (blood) Kolivand, Pier Hossein PHANTOM LIMB (psychology) Kooshanmehr, Mohammad Reza PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (adverse effects) Kor, Zahra PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (adverse effects) Korfias, Stefanos EPILEPSY, TEMPORAL LOBE (diagnosis) Korkmaz, Levent HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Kose, Mustafa HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Kotani, Kazuhiko HYPERTENSION (genetics) Koubaa, Makram ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Kuba, Paresh Kumar CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (congenital) Kumar, Ajit WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Kumar, Amitabh INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (instrumentation) Kumar, K. Jagadish ANEMIA Kumar, Shiyam LUNG NEOPLASMS (epidemiology) Kumar, Vanaja ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Kumar, Viginda GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (diagnosis) Kumral, A. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Kurt, Adile Tuba Polat MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES (radionuclide imaging) Lagoudianakis, Emmanuel POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Lahiani, Dorra ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Lakshmi, Rajagopalan ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Lan, Chuan Ching COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION Lane, S. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Larsson, Marie MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Lebaschi, Amir Hussein CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Lecanu, Jean Baptiste TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Lee, Michael S. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Lepping, P. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Lerm, Maria MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Levy, Melanie ENDOMETRIOSIS (diagnosis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 92 Li, Juan MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Ling, Yang ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Lluri, Gentian PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Lmekki, Safaa TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Lone, Ajaz ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Long, Ma X. TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Love, Donald R. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Love, Jennifer M. COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION Lu, Xujing ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Luo, Judong ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Maaloul, Imed ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Maghami, Mahboobeh ADOLESCENT Magzoub, Magzoub A. ESCHERICHIA COLI (drug effects) Mahgoub, E.S. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Mahjour, J. COMMUNICABLE DISEASE CONTROL (statistics and numerical data) Mahmodlou, Rahim THYROIDECTOMY (methods) Mahmud, Ehtisham PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Major, Stella STUDENTS, MEDICAL Makni, Saloua ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Makri, Ira POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Maleki, Iradj GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX Malekinejad, Hassan AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA (drug effects) Malekzadeh, Reza LIVER CIRRHOSIS (complications) COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Malik, M.R. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) Malla, Kalpana K. MENINGITIS (diagnosis) Malla, Tejesh MENINGITIS (diagnosis) Mamdohi, S. LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Manafi, Ali RHINOPLASTY DEATH Manafi, Amir RHINOPLASTY Manafi, Navid FIBROBLASTS Manesh, Nasim Abedi INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Manjunath, V.G. ANEMIA Manouchehri, Navid PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Manouras, Andreas POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Mansour, Essmat A. DIABETES MELLITUS (psychology) Maoxiao, Yan LARYNGECTOMY (adverse effects) Markogiannakis, Haridimos POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Markopoulos, A. CADHERINS (analysis) Marquis Nicholson, Renate COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Marrakchi, Chakib ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Mascarenhas, Ana Karina PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS Mashankar, Anant MYELINOLYSIS, CENTRAL PONTINE (diagnosis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 93 Mashkati, M. POSTURE Masocha, Willias PACLITAXEL (adverse effects) Masoodi, Mohsen HELICOBACTER PYLORI (drug effects) Masoudzadeh, Abbas GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX Masoumi, Maryam RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Mathew, Mariam CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS (diagnosis) Mazloumi, A. LOW BACK PAIN Mazoochian, Farhad HIP JOINT Mba, Chibuike N. EYE (anatomy and histology) McLaws, Mary Louise GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) McLean, Michelle STUDENTS, MEDICAL McLellan, Alexander D. BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Mehdizadeh, M. RISK ASSESSMENT Mehrabani, Davood FIBROBLASTS Mehrabani, Golnoush RHINOPLASTY Mehta, Tanu PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Memish, Ziad A. TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Mencia, Teresa Perez ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Mendoza Aguilar, Melby Dessire MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Merikas, Emmanuel CROHN DISEASE (complications) Metwally, L. KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE (drug effects) Mirhosseini, Seyed Jalil ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (diagnosis) Mirinezhad, Seyed kazem INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Mirsaeidi, Mehdi ANTITUBERCULAR AGENTS Mirtalebi, Hanieh COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Mirza, Deen M. STUDENTS, MEDICAL Mitra, Ranadhir CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA Mitra, Subhro POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE (prevention and control) Moawad, Hazem Ebrahem PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Modarressi, Ali PLATELET-RICH PLASMA Modiri, M. LEISHMANIASIS, CUTANEOUS (epidemiology) Moezi, Mehdi HIP JOINT Mofrad, Hamid Reza Hallaj SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Moghaddam, A.A. Keikha LOW BACK PAIN Mohajer, K. RISK ASSESSMENT Mohamadian, M. POSTURE Mohamed, Sheren M. ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX Mohammad fam, I. SAFETY Mohammadesmaeil, Erfan PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (adverse effects) Mohammadi, Fatemeh BIRTH WEIGHT Mohammadi, Mehdi CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Mohammadkhani, Ashraf COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Mohan, Virender Kumar FRASER SYNDROME (surgery) Mohebbi, Seyed Reza COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Moini, Maryam GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (diagnosis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 94 Mojarad, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Mokhtare, Marjan ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL (adverse effects) Mokhtari, A. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Mokhtarifar, Ali INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Mokhtarinia, H.R. LOW BACK PAIN Monazzam, M.R. NOISE (prevention and control) Moosavi Nejad, Sayyedeh Zahra STEM CELLS Moosavizadeh, Seyed Mehdi SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Motamedi, Freshteh GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeil ADOLESCENT Mousa, Sherif Abdo PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Mousa, Wesam Farid BARIATRIC SURGERY Mousavi, S. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Moussa, Ihab M. DIABETES MELLITUS (psychology) Mukherjee, Kishore C. WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING (surgery) Mukhtar, M.M. MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Mullick, Parul INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL (instrumentation) Murthy, D. Srinivasa ANEMIA Mylanchy, Nooshin INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Naeini, Farahnaz Fatemi VITILIGO (immunology) Naini, Afsoon Emami RENAL DIALYSIS (adverse effects) Naiqiang, Cui CHOLECYSTITIS (diagnosis) Najafian, Jamshid VITILIGO (immunology) Nakahashi, Kazuyoshi AMIDES (administration and dosage) Nasirizade, Mohammad Reza ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Nasrolahi, Ozra DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Nassar, Yasser PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION (methods) Nasseri, Moghaddam Siavosh IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Nassiri, P. NOISE (prevention and control) Nayar, Pavan BRACHIAL PLEXUS NEURITIS NERVE COMPRESSION SYNDROMES (etiology) Nazar, Huda PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS Nejad, Mohammad Rostami CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Nejjari, C. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Nemati, A. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Ngah, Wan Z. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Nikfam, Sepideh IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Nikpour, Shafagh INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Nikshoar, Mohammad Reza GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Nived, K. BUPIVACAINE (therapeutic use) Nordin, Nor Anita M. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Nourbakhsh, Mohsen HIP JOINT Nowrouzi, M.A. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH O'Hara, K. SPOUSE ABUSE (psychology) Omar, Maye A. NURSES (organization and administration) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 95 Omrani, Ali S. ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (drug effects) Onem, Yalcin RISK FACTORS Opoka, M. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) Orhan, Kaan MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Oskouie, Afsaneh Arefi CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Osman, Ossama STUDENTS, MEDICAL Ostovaneh, Mohammad Reza COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Othman, Faizah METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Ozakyol, Aysegul H. LIVER CIRRHOSIS (pathology) Ozcan, Nuri PULMONARY EMBOLISM (diagnosis) Ozdogru, Ibrahim TENASCIN (blood) Ozer, E. A. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Ozgokce, Mesut MULTIPLE PULMONARY NODULES (radionuclide imaging) Ozkan, Fuat PULMONARY EMBOLISM (diagnosis) Ozkan, H. PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA (diagnosis) Pai, Madhukar TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Pai, Rohini Bhat ANESTHESIA, SPINAL Pals, Sherri L. ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Panahi, D. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE Panahian, Mohammad HELICOBACTER PYLORI (drug effects) Pandhare, Ramdas LACTONES (therapeutic use) Panduranga, Prashanth ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (epidemiology) TORSADES DE POINTES (etiology) Panikar, Dilip HYDROCEPHALUS (surgery) INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM (complications) Panse, Nikhil LIPOMA (diagnosis) PERFORATOR FLAP Papadima, Artemisia POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Pappas, Apostolos POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Parikh, Beena K. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Parikh, Geeta P. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Parizadeh, Seyyed Mohammad Reza REISHI Parvathy, Subramanian S. PACLITAXEL (adverse effects) Paterson, Beverley J. PUBLIC HEALTH SURVEILLANCE Paues, Jakob MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Pazilah, I. TUBERCULOSIS (diagnosis) Perez, Gloria Maria Santos ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Persson, Hans Lennart MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Peyman, Alireza PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (adverse effects) Pirie, P.P. SMOKING (epidemiology) Pokam, Benjamin Thumamo MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (isolation and purification) Poustchi, Hossein LIVER CIRRHOSIS (complications) Prakash, S.M. Ravi LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (diagnosis) Prinsloo, Engela A.M. STUDENTS, MEDICAL Qasem, Jafar HIV INFECTIONS (blood) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 96 Qodriyah, Haji S. METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Radahmadi, Maryam ALZHEIMER DISEASE (veterinary) Radhika, Golla ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Raghupathy, Raj HIV INFECTIONS (blood) Rahmani, Fatima DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Rajagopalan, Vanitha CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA Rajarao, Mamatha P. TORSADES DE POINTES (etiology) Ramachandran, Ranjani ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Ramanchandiran, Nandhagopal EPILEPSY, REFLEX (surgery) Ramshini, Effat MORPHINE (pharmacology) Rao, K. Seshagiri MENINGITIS (diagnosis) Rao, Raghavendra ANESTHESIA, SPINAL Rastogi, Nalin MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (isolation and purification) Rath, Arun INTUBATION, INTRATRACHEAL Razmjoie, Forough GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Razmjoo, Hassan PHOTOREFRACTIVE KERATECTOMY (adverse effects) Rehman, Fathima ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Reisi, Parham MORPHINE (pharmacology) ALZHEIMER DISEASE (veterinary) Renyu, Lin LARYNGECTOMY (adverse effects) Rezadoost, Amirmansoor HELICOBACTER PYLORI (drug effects) Rezaei Tavirani, Mostafa CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Rezaeifar, Parisa INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Rhalem, N. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Righi, Bernardo RHINOPLASTY Robotti, Enrico RHINOPLASTY Rodriguez Martinez, Sandra MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Rodriguez, Miguel Angel Palomero ANESTHESIA, SPINAL (methods) Rojas Espinosa, Oscar MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS Romani, Sara COLORECTAL NEOPLASMS (genetics) Roshanravan, Reza CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Rostami, Kamran CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Roustaee, Roshanak BIRTH WEIGHT Sadrneshin, Mohsen INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (diagnosis) Saeed, E.S. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Sahasrabudhe, Parag LIPOMA (diagnosis) PERFORATOR FLAP Sahin, Sinan HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Saied, Nahel N. ANESTHESIA, EPIDURAL (methods) Sakane, Naoki HYPERTENSION (genetics) Sakas, Damianos E. EPILEPSY, TEMPORAL LOBE (diagnosis) Sakas, L. CADHERINS (analysis) Salehahmadi, Zeinab TELEMEDICINE (trends) Salih, K.M. MENINGITIS, MENINGOCOCCAL (epidemiology) Salmanroghani, Hasan LUNG NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) Salooja, Manpreet S. WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING (surgery) Samet, Mohammad LUNG NEOPLASMS (diagnosis) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 97 Sanchez, Travis ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Sangameswaran, Balakrishnan LACTONES (therapeutic use) Sansgiry, S.S. SMOKING Saparamadu, P.A.M. CYSTADENOMA, MUCINOUS (diagnosis) Saraya, Mohammad HIV INFECTIONS (blood) Saremi, Firooz INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Sarkaki, Alireza GRAPE SEED EXTRACT Sarkar, H.S. PLAGIARISM Sarrami, Amir Hossein PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Sarvestani, Amene S. CHOLECYSTECTOMY, LAPAROSCOPIC Saunderson, Sarah C. BCG VACCINE (administration and dosage) Sawa, M. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Sawhney, Chhavi WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Sayarifard, Azadeh PUBLIC HEALTH Scahill, S. DRUG INDUSTRY (standards) Schloss, Brian ANESTHESIA, CAUDAL Schon, Thomas MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Schroeder, Kristopher M. PROPOFOL (adverse effects) Seifi, A. PNEUMONIA, VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED (epidemiology) Seker, Basak Kusakci MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Seker, Emre MAXILLARY SINUS (ultrastructure) Sepehrvand, Nariman THYROIDECTOMY (methods) Seretis, Charalampos POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (prevention and control) Shafiee-Nick, Reza REISHI Shah, Ravi MENINGITIS (diagnosis) Shah, Veena R. BUPIVACAINE (therapeutic use) PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Shahab, Shahab HIV INFECTIONS (blood) Shaheen, Feroze ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Shahidani, Somaye MORPHINE (pharmacology) Shahlaee, Abtine RHINOPLASTY Shahmoradi, Zabihollah VITILIGO (immunology) Sharafkhah, Maryam IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Sharifi, Amir Houshang COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Sharma, Aanchal FRASER SYNDROME (surgery) Sharma, Ashok CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (congenital) Sharma, Jagdish P. ANESTHESIA (methods) Sharma, Jasvinder CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (congenital) Sharma, V.K. COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES Shawky, A. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Shehab, Abdullah TEACHING (methods) Sheiban, Imad PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Shemshaki, Hamidreza HIP JOINT Shende, Dilip ANESTHESIA Shetti, Akshaya N. NERVE BLOCK (methods) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 98 Shetty, Neetha J. NANOTECHNOLOGY Shinde, Sanjyot ATTITUDE TO HEALTH Shirazi, Kourosh Masnadi INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Shiroye, A. HEAT STRESS DISORDERS (epidemiology) Shiwani, Muhammad H. ENDOMETRIOSIS (diagnosis) Shiweobi, Jude O. EYE (anatomy and histology) Siatouni, Anna EPILEPSY, TEMPORAL LOBE (diagnosis) Singh, Ajai Kumar DERMATITIS (diagnosis) Singh, Ashish DERMATITIS (diagnosis) Singh, Deepti DERMATITIS (diagnosis) Singh, Ranju CONSCIOUS SEDATION (methods) Singla, Manender WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING (surgery) Sokhal, Navdeep CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA Soltani band, Khosro DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Somi, Mohammad Hossein INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES (epidemiology) Soni, Kapil Dev WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Soparker, Pramod PIT AND FISSURE SEALANTS Soulaymani, A. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Soulaymani, R. NUTRITION ASSESSMENT Srivastava, Anupam WOUNDS, NONPENETRATING (surgery) Srivastava, Divya AIRWAY MANAGEMENT Stark, Damien GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Stendahl, Olle MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Subramanian, Arulselvi WOUNDS AND INJURIES (therapy) Sujatha, M.S. ANEMIA Sulaiman, Kadhim ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME (epidemiology) Sumalatha, M.N. LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (diagnosis) Sundar, A. Syam ETHIONAMIDE (pharmacology) Susuz, Salim LIVER CIRRHOSIS (pathology) Swati, P. NANOTECHNOLOGY Syed, Riaz A. LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHIES (diagnosis) Symeonides, Panas ENDOMETRIOSIS (diagnosis) Tafazzoli, Mohsen CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Taghavi, Seyed Alireza GASTROINTESTINAL STROMAL TUMORS (diagnosis) Taha, Hany T. ANKLE BRACHIAL INDEX Tahri, Nabil ESOPHAGITIS (virology) Tamaddonfard, Esmaeal CURCUMIN (therapeutic use) Taniguchi, Nobuyuki HYPERTENSION (genetics) Tanir, Gonul BRUCELLOSIS (complications) Tao, Zhang TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Tashfeen, Kaukab POLYHYDRAMNIOS Taslimi, Mahnaz ADOLESCENT Tawfic, Qutaiba Amir ANALGESICS, OPIOID (adverse effects) Tayeb, H. ESTHETICS, DENTAL IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 99 Tayebi, Sirous COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Tayem, Yasin I. LEARNING Thawadi, Sahar I. ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII (drug effects) Thrush, Anthony COMPARATIVE GENOMIC HYBRIDIZATION Tidjani, O. HIV INFECTIONS (complications) Tirgar, A. HEAT STRESS DISORDERS (epidemiology) Tobias, Joseph D. LAPAROSCOPY (adverse effects) ANESTHESIA, CAUDAL Tofigh, Arash Mohammadi GALLSTONES (diagnosis) Tokur, Mahmut PULMONARY EMBOLISM (diagnosis) Topsakal, Ramazan TENASCIN (blood) Touati, Zakia TRANSPOSITION OF GREAT VESSELS (surgery) Tramboo, Nisar A. ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR DYSPLASIA (diagnosis) Triantafillidis, John K. CROHN DISEASE (complications) Tsai, L.C. SPOUSE ABUSE (psychology) Tukmacki, Amir DIABETES MELLITUS, EXPERIMENTAL (therapy) Tukmechi, Amir AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA (drug effects) Uche, Judith N. EYE (anatomy and histology) Vahedi, Homyoon IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Vahedi, Sara IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME (therapy) Vajifdar, Homay CONSCIOUS SEDATION (methods) Valizadeh, Seyed Mohammad ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL (adverse effects) Van Hal, Sebastian GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT (microbiology) Varghese, Asha DERMATITIS (diagnosis) Varghese, Bright MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (drug effects) Vatankhah, Amir Mansour ERYTHROPOIETIN (therapeutic use) Velayudhan, R. HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS, VIRAL (prevention and control) Verma, Sankalp LIPOID PROTEINOSIS OF URBACH AND WIETHE (diagnosis) Vijay, Bhavani S. POSTOPERATIVE HEMORRHAGE (prevention and control) Vora, Kalpana S. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Waghmare, Vishal T. PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE (therapy) Wahbi, M.A. ESTHETICS, DENTAL Walters, D.Eric LEARNING Wang, Jun MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Wang, Le Xin VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) Wang, Sijian PROPOFOL (adverse effects) Wang, Yating MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Wateba, I.M. HIV INFECTIONS (complications) Welin, Amanda MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS (growth and development) Wewers, M.E. SMOKING (epidemiology) Xing, Huai Guang VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) Yahia, Ghada A. TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY (epidemiology) Yan, Rui Hong VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) IMEMR Current Contents Author Index 100 Yao, Dao Kuo VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) Yavari, Masoud SKIN TRANSPLANTATION Yazdanpanah, Kambiz PANCREATITIS (diagnosis) Yehyazarian, A.A. LEGIONELLA PNEUMOPHILA (isolation and purification) Yesilkaya, Yakup PULMONARY EMBOLISM (diagnosis) Yousefinia, Mahsa COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Yousofizadeh, Shahnaz CURCUMIN (therapeutic use) Yu, Haixia MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Yuan, Zhang TIBIAL FRACTURES (complications) Yunfeng, Cui CHOLECYSTITIS (diagnosis) Yusoff, Muhamad S.B. STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL Zahid, Khwaja F. LUNG NEOPLASMS (epidemiology) Zakaria, Zaiton METABOLIC SYNDROME X (blood) Zakerian, S.A. POSTURE Zali, Mohammad Reza CELIAC DISEASE (blood) Zamani, Hamed COLITIS, ULCERATIVE (diagnosis) Zamanian, Z. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Zarezadeh, Abolghasem HIP JOINT Zarkesh, Sayyed Hamid STEM CELLS Zhang, Shuyu ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Zhao, Zhihe MALOCCLUSION, ANGLE CLASS I Zhonglian, Li CHOLECYSTITIS (diagnosis) Zhou, Xifa ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Zhou, Zhen Hu VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR A (blood) Zhu, Wei ARTEMISININS (therapeutic use) Ziyrek, Murat HYPOTHYROIDISM (physiopathology) Zokaei, Nona REISHI Appendix II List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by country)
IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 103 Journal ISSN Status Afghanistan (2) Afghan Medical Journal N/A Active AFJPH-Afghanistan Journal of Public Health N/A Active Bahrain (3) Arab Journal for Food and Nutrition 1608-8352 Interrupted Bahrain Medical Bulletin 1012-8298 Active JBMS-Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 1015-6321 Active Egypt (139) AAMJ-Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal 1687-1693 Interrupted African Journal of Urology 1110-5704 Interrupted Afro-Arab Liver Journal 1687-224X Interrupted Ain-Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1687-1030 Interrupted Ain-Shams Medical Journal 0002-2144 Interrupted AJAIC-Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care N/A Interrupted AJM-Alexandria Journal of Medicine 2090-5068 Active Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science 1110-6751 Interrupted Al-Azhar Medical Journal 1110-0400 Active Alexandria Dental Journal 1110-015X Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Food Science and Technology 1687-3920 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Hepatogastroenterology 2090-1879 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Pediatrics 1687-9945 Active Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1792 Interrupted Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-2407 Active Alexandria Medical Journal [The] 0516-5849 Interrupted Annals of Pediatric Surgery 1687-4137 Interrupted Applied Endocrinology in Egypt 1110-1776 Interrupted Arab Family Health and Population N/A Active Arab Journal of Biotechnology 1110-6875 Interrupted Arab Journal of Gastroenterology 1687-1979 Active Arab Journal of Laboratory Medicine [The] 1110-1822 Active ASJOG-Ain-Shams Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1697-2193 Interrupted ASNJ-Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal 1687-3858 Interrupted Assiut Medical Journal 1110-0494 Active Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches 1110-6107 Active Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal N/A Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 104 Journal ISSN Status Benha Medical Journal 1110-208X Interrupted Bulletin of Alexandria Thoracic Association N/A Interrupted Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy-Cairo University 1110-0931 Interrupted Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy-Cairo University 1110-6611 Interrupted Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health [The] 1110-0036 Active Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Assiut University 1110-0052 Active Bulletin of the Faculty of Science-University of Alexandria 0568-9619 Interrupted Bulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt N/A Interrupted Bulletin of the National Research Centre 1110-0591 Interrupted Bulletin of the Ophthalmological Society of Egypt 0078-5342 Interrupted Childhood and Development Quarterly 1110-8681 Interrupted Clinical Diabetes 0891-8929 Active EDJ-Egyptian Dental Journal 0070-9484 Interrupted Egyptian Heart Journal [The] 1110-2608 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Anatomy [The] 1110-2144 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering 1012-5558 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering 1110-8525 Active Egyptian Journal of Breastfeeding N/A Active Egyptian Journal of Bronchology [The] 1687-8426 Active Egyptian Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 1687-9090 Active Egyptian Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery [The] N/A Active Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 0449-2285 Active Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine [The] 1110-1865 Active Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Andrology 1110-7650 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Diabetes [The] N/A Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Food Science 1110-0192 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 0046-161X Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Histology [The] 1110-0559 Active Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The] 1687-2002 Active Egyptian Journal of Immunology [The] 1110-4902 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics [The] 1110-8630 Active Egyptian Journal of Medical Laboratory Sciences 1110-5593 Active Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1110-2179 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Microbiology 0022-2704 Active Egyptian Journal of Neonatology [The] 1110-8991 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 105 Journal ISSN Status Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery [The] 1110-1083 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Nutrition 1687-1235 Active Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Health 1687-7950 Active Egyptian Journal of Occupational Medicine 1110-1881 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology [The] 1012-5574 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Paediatrics [The] 1687-1677 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 1687-1642 Active Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 0301-5068 Active Egyptian Journal of Physiological Sciences 0301-8660 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1110-1105 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Schistosomiasis and Infectious and Endemic Diseases 1110-7278 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Surgery [The] 1110-1121 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Urology 1110-5712 Interrupted Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-0222 Interrupted Egyptian Liver Journal 2090-6218 Active Egyptian Medical Journal of the National Research Center 1687-1278 Interrupted Egyptian Orthodontic Journal 1110-435x Interrupted Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal [The] 1110-1148 Interrupted Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal [National Research Center] 1687-4315 Active Egyptian Population and Family Planning Review [The] N/A Interrupted Egyptian Rheumatologist [The] 1110-1164 Active Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 1110-161X Active Egyptian Science Magazine [The] 1687-3815 Active EJB-Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology [The] 1687-1502 Active EJENTAS-Egyptian Journal of ENT and Allied Sciences 2090-0740 Interrupted EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 1020-3397 Active Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association [The] 1110-6638 Interrupted Health Services Journal of the Eastern Mediterrenean Region 1014-9899 Interrupted JESN-Journal of Egyptian Society of Nephrology [The] N/A Interrupted Journal of Advanced Research 2090-1232 Active Journal of Childhood Studies 2090-0619 Interrupted Journal of Drug Research of Egypt 0085-2406 Active Journal of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases 1110-0796 Interrupted Journal of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences [The] 1110-6468 Interrupted Journal of the Arab Society for Medical Research 1687-4293 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 106 Journal ISSN Status Journal of the Egyptian Medical Association [The] 0013-2411 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute 1110-0362 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association [The] 0013-2446 Active Journal of the Egyptian Society of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes [The] 1110-1245 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology [The] 0258-3216 Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 1110-0583 Active Journal of the Egyptian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics [The] N/A Interrupted Journal of the Egyptian Society of Toxicology 1110-127X Interrupted Journal of the Medical Research Institute-Alexandria University 1110-0133 Interrupted JPC-Journal of Pediatric Club [The] N/A Active Kasr El Aini Journal of Surgery 0022-9237 Interrupted Kasr El-Aini Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Kidney Forum 1369-3050 Interrupted Mansoura Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1318 Interrupted Mansoura Medical Bulletin 1012-5590 Interrupted Mansoura Medical Journal 1110-211X Interrupted MDV-Molecular Diagnosis and Vaccine 1687-2010 Interrupted Medical Journal of Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital [The] N/A Interrupted Medical Journal of Cairo University [The] 0045-3803 Interrupted Medical Journal of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes [The] 1110-2039 Interrupted Minoufia Medical Journal 1110-2098 Interrupted MJFCT-Mansoura Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1110-5437 Interrupted Neonatology 1687-0492 Interrupted New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The] 1110-1946 Active Pan Arab Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma [The] 1607-4912 Interrupted Population Researches and Studies N/A Interrupted Population Sciences N/A Interrupted Population Studies 1110-1342 Interrupted PUJ-Parasitologists United Journal 1687-7942 Active Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty [Girls] [The] 1110-2381 Interrupted Scientific Journal of El-Minia Faculty of Medicine [The] 1110-2446 Interrupted Scientific Medical Journal 1110-5607 Active Sohag Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted South Valley Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted Suez Canal University Medical Journal 1110-6999 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 107 Journal ISSN Status Tanta Medical Journal 1110-1415 Interrupted Tanta Medical Sciences Journal 1687-5788 Interrupted Veterinary Medical Journal 1110-1423 Active Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 1687-160X Interrupted Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-5089 Interrupted Zagazig Medical Association Journal 1110-2322 Interrupted Zagazig University Medical Journal 1110-1431 Interrupted Iraq (30) Al-Kindy College Medical Journal 1810-9543 Interrupted Almustansiriya Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1815-0993 Interrupted Annals of the College of Medicine-Mosul 0028-1446 Interrupted Basrah Journal of Surgery N/A Interrupted Bulletin of Endemic Disease-Baghdad 0007-4845 Interrupted DMJ-Dohuk Medical Journal 2071-7326 Active IMJ-Iraqi Medical Journal 0304-4564 Active IOJ-Iraqi Orthodontic Journal 1816-0581 Interrupted IPMJ-Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 1608-8360 Active Iraqi Army Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Agriculture 1818-6645 Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Community Medicine 1684-5382 Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 1681-6579 Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Microbiology N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted Iraqi Journal of Tropical Disease Researches 1814-0823 Interrupted Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 1680-0057 Interrupted Journal of Basic Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted Journal of Community Medicine N/A Interrupted Journal of Dohuk University 1812-7568 Interrupted Journal of Karbala University 1813-0410 Interrupted Journal of the Faculty of Medicine-Baghdad 0041-9419 Interrupted Kufa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Medical Journal of Basrah University [The] 0253-0759 Interrupted Medical Journal of Tikrit University [The] N/A Interrupted New Iraqi Journal of Medicine [The] 1817-5562 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 108 Journal ISSN Status Risafa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Scientific Nursing Journal 1812-2388 Interrupted Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 1995-5588 Active Islamic Republic of Iran (193) Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 Active Advances in Cognitive Science 1561-4174 Interrupted AJMB-Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 2008-2835 Active Anatomical Sciences Journal N/A Active Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine 2228-7523 Active Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2641-2345 Active Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 Active Archives of Trauma Research 2251-953X Active Armaghane-danesh 1728-6506 Interrupted ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 Interrupted Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2008-000X Active Audiology 1735-1936 Active Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] N/A Active Basic and Clinical Neurosciences N/A Active BCCR-Basic and Clinical Cancer Research 2228-6527 Active BEAT-Bulletin of Emrgency and Trauma 2322-2522 Active Bina Journal of Ophthalmology 1026-6399 Active Cell Journal [Yakhteh] 2228-5806 Active DARU-Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1560-8115 Active DENA-Quarterly Journal of Yasuj Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery 1735-8450 Interrupted Dermatology and Cosmetic Quarterly 2008-7470 Active DRJ-Dental Research Journal 1735-3327 Active EBNESINA-Medical Journal of Military Medicine [The] 1735-9503 Active Endovascular Journal 2008-1812 Active Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences 1029-7855 Active Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2010-2258 Active Genetics in the 3rd Millennium 1728-6182 Active Govaresh 1560-7186 Active HAKIM Research Journal 1561-252X Active HAYAT-Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery [The] 1735-2215 Active Health Information Management 1735-7853 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 109 Journal ISSN Status Hepatitis Monthly 1735-143X Active Homa-ye-Salamat 2008-2002 Active Hormozgan Medical Journal 1735-2223 Active Hospital-Journal of Iranian Scientific Hospital Association 2008-1982 Active IBJ-Iranian Biomedical Journal 1028-852X Active IEJ-Iranian Endodontic Journal 1735-7497 Active IHJ-Iranian Heart Journal 1735-7306 Active IJBC-Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2008-4595 Active IJB-Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 1728-3043 Active IJCN-Iranian Journal of Child Neurology 1735-4668 Active IJEM-Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1683-4844 Active IJFS-International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 2008-076X Active IJHOSCR-International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 Active IJI-Iranian Journal of Immunology 1735-1383 Active IJKD-Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases 1735-8582 Active IJME-Iranian Journal of Medical Education 1608-9359 Active IJM-Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 Active IJMS-Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences 0253-0716 Active IJOH-International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 Active IJO-Iranian Journal of Orthodontics 1735-5087 Interrupted IJPM-International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2008-7802 Active IJPR-Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1735-0328 Active IJRM-Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1680-6433 Active IJVM-Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 Active International Cardiovascular Research Journal 2251-9130 Active International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1726-913X Active International Journal of Environmental Research 1735-6865 Active International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1735-1472 Active International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 2251-8711 Active International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2212-5531 Active International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008-6520 Active International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine 2008-6490 Active International Journal of Radiation Research 2322-3243 Active Iran Journal of Nursing 2008-5923 Active Iran Occupational Health 1735-5133 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 110 Journal ISSN Status Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 Active Iranian Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 1735-7179 Active Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2008-3866 Active Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention 2008-2398 Active Iranian Journal of Dermatology 0021-082X Active Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 1726-7544 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 2008-6792 Active Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 1735-1979 Active Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 1735-7489 Active Iranian Journal of Health and Environment 2008-2029 Active Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1735-8612 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 1735-160X Active Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1681-2824 Active Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research [IJNMR] 1735-9066 Active Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology 1735-7756 Active Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility [The] 1680-2993 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology 1735-4153 Interrupted Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 1560-1293 Active Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 Active Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2008-2142 Active Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 Active Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 1735-8639 Active Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology [IJPCP] 1735-4315 Active Iranian Journal of Public Health 0304-4556 Active Iranian Journal of Radiology 1735-1065 Active Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 1728-1997 Active Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 1735-3602 Active JBUMS-Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 1561-4107 Interrupted JCVTR-Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 2008-5117 Active JDT-Journal of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1735-2150 Interrupted JMR-Journal of Medical Research (blank) Interrupted JNP-Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 Active Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain 2228-6659 Active Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences-Rahavard Danesh 1735-5338 Interrupted Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques 2322-4150 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 111 Journal ISSN Status Journal of Dental Medicine-Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1024-641X Active Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 2008-210X Active Journal of Dental School-Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1735-7683 Active Journal of Dentistry-Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1728-3426 Active Journal of Environmental Studies 1025-8620 Active Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 Active Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health [The] 1028-6918 Active Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences 1562-4765 Active Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences 2008-4048 Active Journal of Health Administration 2008-1200 Active Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2251-807X Active Journal of Health Scope 2251-8959 Active Journal of Hygiene and Health 1735-2363 Interrupted Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2008-2053 Active Journal of Isfahan Dental School 1735-255X Active Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 Interrupted Journal of Islamic Dental Association of Iran [The]-JIDA 1024-6428 Active Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 2008-7993 Interrupted Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1023-9510 Active Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences [KUMS] 2251-9068 Active Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 2008-9783 Active Journal of Mashhad Dental School 1560-9286 Active Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 1735-9260 Active Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran 1562-1073 Active Journal of Medical Education 1735-3998 Interrupted Journal of Medicinal Plants 1684-0240 Active Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgical Sciences 2251-7022 Active Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2008-2576 Active Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Quarterly-Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1605-8941 Active Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 2008-2010 Active Journal of Patient Safety and Quality Improvement 2345-4482 Active Journal of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry N/A Active Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences [The] 1561-3666 Active Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 1735-3165 Active Journal of Rehabilitation 1607-2960 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 112 Journal ISSN Status Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 2228-5482 Active Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences 1735-2029 Interrupted Journal of Research in Dental Sciences 2008-4676 Active Journal of Research in Health Sciences [JRHS] 1682-2765 Active Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-5311 Active Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 1735-7586 Active Journal of Screening and Geographical Medicine 1735-7594 Active Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1562-272X Active Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences 1735-1448 Active Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The] 1735-8620 Active Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 Active Journal of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1735-076X Interrupted Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1606-9366 Active JRH-Journal of Research and Health 2251-6395 Active JRMS-Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-1995 Interrupted JRRS-Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 1735-7519 Active Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology [JJM] 2008-3645 Active Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products 1735-7780 Active Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal 2252-052x Active KOOMESH-Journal of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences 1608-7046 Active Medical Journal of Mashad University of Medical Sciences 1735-4013 Active Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1608-5671 Interrupted Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1430 Active Medical Sciences Journal of Islamic Azad University 1023-5922 Active MEJC-Middle East Journal of Cancer 2008-6709 Active Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2008-5230 Active Modares Journal of Medical Sciences, Pathobiology 1562-9554 Active Nephro-Urology Monthly 2251-7006 Active Nursing and Midwifery Research 1753-5001 Interrupted Ofogh-E-Danesh 1735-1855 Active Payavard-Salamat 1735-8132 Active Payesh-Health Monitor 1680-7626 Active Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 1735-1022 Active Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 1735-7799 Active Quarterly Journal of Medical Ethics 2008-4374 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 113 Journal ISSN Status Quarterly Journal of Medical Law N/A Active Quarterly Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences 1606-7487 Interrupted Quarterly Scientific Journal of Relief and Rescue 2008-4544 Active Razi Journal of Medical Sciences 2228-7043 Active Research in Cardiovascular Medicine 2251-9572 Active Salmand-Iranian Journal of Aging 1735-806X Active Scientific and Research Journal of Army University of Medical Sciences-JAUMS 1727-1789 Active Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 1027-1457 Interrupted Scientific Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization [The] 1027-9520 Active Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 1560-652X Active Social Welfare Quarterly 1735-8191 Interrupted Strides in Development of Medical Education 1735-4242 Active Tanaffos 1735-0344 Active Teb Va Tazkie 1608-2397 Active Tehran University Medical Journal [TUMJ] 1683-1764 Active Thrita Student Journal of Medical Sciences 2251-8312 Active Toloo-e-Behdasht 1728-5127 Active Trauma Monthly 2251-7464 Active Urology Journal 1735-1308 Active WJPS-World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2228-7914 Active Yafteh Journal 1563-0773 Interrupted Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N/A Active Jordan (9) Arab Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1016-8923 Active Dirasat 1026-3764 Interrupted Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1995-7157 Active Jordan Medical Journal 0446-9283 Active Journal of the Royal Medical Services 2078-8703 Active Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 1016-3360 Active Pan Arab Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Population Bulletin of ESCWA 0258-1914 Interrupted Smile Dental Journal 2072-473X Active Kuwait (6) Bulletin of Nutrition and Food N/A Interrupted Bulletin of the Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization N/A Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 114 Journal ISSN Status GJO-Gulf Journal of Oncology [The] 2078-2101 Active KMJ-Kuwait Medical Journal 0023-5776 Active Medical Arabization N/A Active Medical Principles and Practice 1011-7571 Active Lebanon (10) ACES-Actualites Cliniques et Scientifiques 1683-8068 Interrupted AJU-Arab Journal of Urology N/A Interrupted Arab Dental Journal N/A Interrupted IAJD-International Arab Journal of Dentistry 2218-0885 Active JLDA-Journal of the Lebanese Dental Association 1810-9632 Interrupted Journal of the Arab Neonatology Forum 1812-1756 Interrupted Lebanese Science Journal 1561-3410 Active LMJ-Lebanese Medical Journal 0023-9852 Active Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology 0544-0440 Active Middle East Journal of Family Medicine N/A Interrupted Libya (6) DMJ-Derna Medical Journal N/A Active Garyounis Medical Journal 0254-7198 Interrupted JMJ-Jamahiriya Medical Journal N/A Active Libyan Journal of Infectious Diseases [The] N/A Interrupted LJM-Libyan Journal of Medicine 1993-2820 Active Tabib Attifil Alarabi N/A Interrupted Morocco (6) Bulletin Epidemiologique 0851-8238 Interrupted Journal du Practicien 1113-5667 Interrupted Maroc Medical 0253-4053 Active Revue Marocaine de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Traumatologique N/A Interrupted Revue Marocaine de Medecine et Sante 0251-0758 Interrupted Revue Marocaine des Maladies de L'Enfant N/A Interrupted Oman (3) Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-620X Active Oman Medical Journal 1999-768X Active SQUMJ-Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2075-051X Active Pakistan (78) Al-Shifa Journal of Ophthalmology 1990-3863 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 115 Journal ISSN Status Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care 1607-8322 Active Annals Abbassi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College 1563-3241 Active Annals of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre - Karachi N/A Interrupted Annals of King Edward Medical College 1684-6680 Interrupted APMC-Annals of Punjab Medical College 1024-8919 Active Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology 1816-0840 Active Biomedica 1992-4852 Active Challenge-Quarterly [The] 0528-7944 Interrupted Community Medicine 0301-7265 Interrupted Diabetes Digest 1369-7501 Active FWU Journal of Social Sciences 1995-1272 Active GJMS-Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 1819-7973 Interrupted Hamdard Medicus 0250-7188 Active Health [The] 2218-3299 Active Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 1027-0299 Interrupted International Journal of Pathology 1810-0155 Active Isra Medical Journal 2073-8285 Active JAMC-Journal of Ayub Medical College-Abbotabad-Pakistan 1025-9589 Active JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 1022-386X Active JDUHS-Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences 1995-2198 Active JKCD-Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 2220-2633 Active JLUMHS-Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences 1729-0341 Interrupted JOPDAK-Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association Karachi 1680-2292 Interrupted Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 1814-8085 Active Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-4474 Interrupted Journal of Medical Sciences 1997-3438 Active Journal of Nephrology Urology and Transplantation N/A Interrupted Journal of Surgery [The] 1681-4517 Interrupted JPAD-Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 1560-9014 Active JPDA-Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 1680-2292 Active JPIMS-Journal of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences 1683-6928 Interrupted JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 0030-9982 Active JPMI-Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute 1013-5472 Active JPPS-Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society 1726-8710 Active JSOGP-Journal of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Paksitan N/A Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 116 Journal ISSN Status JSP-Journal of Surgery Pakistan International 1817-0242 Active KMUJ-Khyber Medical University Journal 2072-7763 Active Lahore Journal of Public Health N/A Interrupted Medical Channel 1681-5491 Interrupted Medical Forum Monthly 1029-385X Active Medical Spectrum [The] 0254-8534 Interrupted Medicine Today 1813-9876 Interrupted Mother and Child 0379-2617 Interrupted PAFMJ-Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 0030-9648 Active Pakistan Heart Journal 0048-2706 Active Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry 0300-8185 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology 1019-438X Active Pakistan Journal of Community Medicine [The] N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Health N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 1996-7195 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Medical Ethics N/A Active Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-024X Active Pakistan Journal of Neurology N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology N/A Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry 1608-134X Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 0257-4985 Active Pakistan Journal of Pathology 1024-6193 Active Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1011-601X Active Pakistan Journal of Pharmacology 0255-7088 Active Pakistan Journal of Physiology 1819-270X Active Pakistan Journal of Psychology 0030-9869 Active Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 0030-9885 Interrupted Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 2221-6413 Active Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series B: Biological Sciences 2221-6421 Active Pakistan Medical Journal 0031-000X Interrupted Pakistan Ophthalmology 0259-3661 Interrupted Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal 1012-8700 Active Pakistan Pediatric Journal 0304-4904 Interrupted PJC-Pakistan Journal of Cardiology 1016-1244 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 117 Journal ISSN Status PJMR-Pakistan Journal of Medical Research 0030-9842 Active PJO-Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology 0886-3067 Interrupted PJPH-Pakistan Journal of Public Health 2225-0891 Active PJS-Pakistan Journal of Surgery 0258-8552 Active Proceedings-Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute N/A Interrupted Professional Medical Journal-Quarterly [The] 1024-8919 Active RMJ-Rawal Medical Journal 0303-5212 Active Palestine (3) Al-Quds Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Annals of Alquds Medicine 1815-2635 Active PMJ-Palestinian Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Qatar (4) Gulf Journal of Dermatology and Venereology [The] N/A Active Heart Views 1995-705X Active JEMTAC-Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 1999-7086 Active Qatar Medical Journal 0253-8253 Active Saudi Arabia (29) Annals of Saudi Medicine 0256-4947 Active Annals of Thoracic Medicine 1817-1737 Active Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy 1658-3876 Active International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 1877-5934 Active International Journal of Health Sciences 1658-3639 Interrupted Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2210-6006 Active Journal of Family and Community Medicine 1319-1683 Active Journal of Infection and Public Health 1876-0341 Active Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Medical Sciences 1319-1004 Interrupted Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 1658-3612 Active Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 1016-7315 Active MEAJO-Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-9233 Active Neurosciences 1319-6138 Active Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery 1319-6995 Active Rehabilitation International N/A Interrupted Research Centre Bulletin 1019-5335 Interrupted Saudi Epidemiology Bulletin 1319-3965 Interrupted Saudi Heart Journal 1018-077X Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 118 Journal ISSN Status Saudi Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation 1319-6499 Interrupted Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology [The] 1319-3767 Active Saudi Journal of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery [The] 1319-8491 Interrupted Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine [The] 1319-6308 Interrupted Saudi Medical Journal 0379-5284 Active SDJ-Saudi Dental Journal [The] 1013-9052 Active SGH Medical Journal 1658-2489 Interrupted SJA-Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 1658-354X Active SJO-Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 1319-4534 Active SPJ-Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 1319-0164 Active Urology Annals 0974-7796 Active Sudan (10) AJNT-Arab Journal of Nephrology and Transplantation 1858-554X Active Gezira Journal of Health Sciences 1810-5386 Active JMJ-Juba Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Khartoum Pharmacy Journal N/A Interrupted Omdurman Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted SJPH-Sudanese Journal of Public Health 1990-7567 Interrupted Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences 1858-5051 Active Sudan Medical Journal 0491-4481 Active Sudan Medical Monitor 1858-5000 Active Sudanese Journal of Dermatology 1815-3941 Interrupted Syrian Arab Republic (10) Arab Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1683-0369 Active Arabic Journal of Forensic Medicine and Criminal Science N/A Interrupted Arabic Medical Journal N/A Active Damascus University Journal for Health Sciences 2072-2265 Active JABHS-Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 1561-0217 Active JISHIM-Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 1303-667X Interrupted Journal of Clinical Laboratory [The] 1814-411X Active Journal of the Arab Board of Medical Specializations 1561-0217 Interrupted Journal of the Arab Dentist N/A Interrupted Research Journal of Aleppo University-Medical Sciences Series N/A Interrupted Tunisia (9) Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 0020-2509 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 119 Journal ISSN Status Cahiers Medicaux de Tunisie 0300-5291 Interrupted IDEES-Revue de Perfectionnement Medical et Paramedical N/A Interrupted Maghreb Medical 0330-258X Active Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La] 0330-7611 Active Revue Maghrebine d'Endocrinologie - Diabete et de Reproduction [La] N/A Active Revue Tunisienne d'Infectiologie 1737-8958 Active SST-Sante et Securite au Travail N/A Active Tunisie Medicale [La] 0041-4131 Active United Arab Emirates (4) EMJ-Emirates Medical Journal 0250-6882 Interrupted Gulf Medical University: Proceedings 2306-6865 Active International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 1606-7754 Interrupted IRCMJ-Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 1561-4395 Active Yemen (7) Journal of Tropical Nephro-Urology N/A Interrupted Sana'a University Journal of Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 1606-8947 Active Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences [The] N/A Interrupted YHMRJ-Yemeni Health and Medical Research Journal N/A Interrupted YJMHR-Yemeni Journal of Medical and Health Research N/A Active YMJ-Yemen Medical Journal N/A Interrupted Last update December 2013
Appendix III List of EMR Journals Indexed in IMEMR (by title)
IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 123 S/N Journal ISSN Status 1 AAMJ-Al-Azhar Assiut Medical Journal 1687-1693 Interrupted 2 ACES-Actualites Cliniques et Scientifiques 1683-8068 Interrupted 3 Acta Medica Iranica 0044-6025 Active 4 Advances in Cognitive Science 1561-4174 Interrupted 5 Afghan Medical Journal N/A Active 6 AFJPH-Afghanistan Journal of Public Health N/A Active 7 African Journal of Urology 1110-5704 Interrupted 8 Afro-Arab Liver Journal 1687-224X Interrupted 9 Ain-Shams Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1687-1030 Interrupted 10 Ain-Shams Medical Journal 0002-2144 Interrupted 11 AJAIC-Alexandria Journal of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care N/A Interrupted 12 AJM-Alexandria Journal of Medicine 2090-5068 Active 13 AJMB-Avicenna Journal of Medical Biotechnology 2008-2835 Active 14 AJNT-Arab Journal of Nephrology and Transplantation 1858-554X Active 15 AJU-Arab Journal of Urology N/A Interrupted 16 Al-Azhar Journal of Dental Science 1110-6751 Interrupted 17 Al-Azhar Medical Journal 1110-0400 Active 18 Alexandria Dental Journal 1110-015X Interrupted 19 Alexandria Journal of Food Science and Technology 1687-3920 Interrupted 20 Alexandria Journal of Hepatogastroenterology 2090-1879 Interrupted 21 Alexandria Journal of Pediatrics 1687-9945 Active 22 Alexandria Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1792 Interrupted 23 Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-2407 Active 24 Alexandria Medical Journal [The] 0516-5849 Interrupted 25 Al-Kindy College Medical Journal 1810-9543 Interrupted 26 Almustansiriya Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1815-0993 Interrupted 27 Al-Quds Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 28 Al-Shifa Journal of Ophthalmology 1990-3863 Active 29 Anaesthesia, Pain and Intensive Care 1607-8322 Active 30 Anatomical Sciences Journal N/A Active 31 Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine 2228-7523 Active 32 Annals Abbassi Shaheed Hospital and Karachi Medical and Dental College 1563-3241 Active 33 Annals of Alquds Medicine 1815-2635 Active 34 Annals of Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre - Karachi N/A Interrupted 35 Annals of King Edward Medical College 1684-6680 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 124 S/N Journal ISSN Status 36 Annals of Pediatric Surgery 1687-4137 Interrupted 37 Annals of Saudi Medicine 0256-4947 Active 38 Annals of the College of Medicine-Mosul 0028-1446 Interrupted 39 Annals of Thoracic Medicine 1817-1737 Active 40 APMC-Annals of Punjab Medical College 1024-8919 Active 41 Applied Endocrinology in Egypt 1110-1776 Interrupted 42 Arab Dental Journal N/A Interrupted 43 Arab Family Health and Population N/A Active 44 Arab Journal for Food and Nutrition 1608-8352 Interrupted 45 Arab Journal of Biotechnology 1110-6875 Interrupted 46 Arab Journal of Gastroenterology 1687-1979 Active 47 Arab Journal of Laboratory Medicine [The] 1110-1822 Active 48 Arab Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1683-0369 Active 49 Arab Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1016-8923 Active 50 Arabic Journal of Forensic Medicine and Criminal Science N/A Interrupted 51 Arabic Medical Journal N/A Active 52 Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Tunis 0020-2509 Active 53 Archives of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2641-2345 Active 54 Archives of Iranian Medicine 1029-2977 Active 55 Archives of Trauma Research 2251-953X Active 56 Armaghane-danesh 1728-6506 Interrupted 57 ARYA Atherosclerosis Journal 1735-3955 Interrupted 58 Asian Journal of Sports Medicine 2008-000X Active 59 ASJOG-Ain-Shams Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1697-2193 Interrupted 60 ASNJ-Alexandria Scientific Nursing Journal 1687-3858 Interrupted 61 Assiut Medical Journal 1110-0494 Active 62 Assiut University Bulletin for Environmental Researches 1110-6107 Active 63 Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 64 Audiology 1735-1936 Active 65 Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine [AJP] N/A Active 66 Bahrain Medical Bulletin 1012-8298 Active 67 Bahria Journal of Professional Psychology 1816-0840 Active 68 Basic and Clinical Neurosciences N/A Active 69 Basrah Journal of Surgery N/A Interrupted 70 BCCR-Basic and Clinical Cancer Research 2228-6527 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 125 S/N Journal ISSN Status 71 BEAT-Bulletin of Emrgency and Trauma 2322-2522 Active 72 Benha Medical Journal 1110-208X Interrupted 73 Bina Journal of Ophthalmology 1026-6399 Active 74 Biomedica 1992-4852 Active 75 Bulletin Epidemiologique 0851-8238 Interrupted 76 Bulletin of Alexandria Thoracic Association N/A Interrupted 77 Bulletin of Endemic Disease-Baghdad 0007-4845 Interrupted 78 Bulletin of Faculty of Pharmacy-Cairo University 1110-0931 Interrupted 79 Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy-Cairo University 1110-6611 Interrupted 80 Bulletin of High Institute of Public Health [The] 1110-0036 Active 81 Bulletin of Nutrition and Food N/A Interrupted 82 Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences-Assiut University 1110-0052 Active 83 Bulletin of the Faculty of Science-University of Alexandria 0568-9619 Interrupted 84 Bulletin of the Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization N/A Interrupted 85 Bulletin of the National Nutrition Institute of the Arab Republic of Egypt N/A Interrupted 86 Bulletin of the National Research Centre 1110-0591 Interrupted 87 Bulletin of the Ophthalmological Society of Egypt 0078-5342 Interrupted 88 Cahiers Medicaux de Tunisie 0300-5291 Interrupted 89 Cell Journal [Yakhteh] 2228-5806 Active 90 Challenge-Quarterly [The] 0528-7944 Interrupted 91 Childhood and Development Quarterly 1110-8681 Interrupted 92 Clinical Diabetes 0891-8929 Active 93 Community Medicine 0301-7265 Interrupted 94 Damascus University Journal for Health Sciences 2072-2265 Active 95 DARU-Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1560-8115 Active 96 DENA-Quarterly Journal of Yasuj Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery 1735-8450 Interrupted 97 Dermatology and Cosmetic Quarterly 2008-7470 Active 98 Diabetes Digest 1369-7501 Active 99 Dirasat 1026-3764 Interrupted 100 DMJ-Derna Medical Journal N/A Active 101 DMJ-Dohuk Medical Journal 2071-7326 Active 102 DRJ-Dental Research Journal 1735-3327 Active 103 EBNESINA-Medical Journal of Military Medicine [The] 1735-9503 Active 104 EDJ-Egyptian Dental Journal 0070-9484 Interrupted 105 Egyptian Heart Journal [The] 1110-2608 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 126 S/N Journal ISSN Status 106 Egyptian Journal of Anatomy [The] 1110-2144 Interrupted 107 Egyptian Journal of Biomedical Engineering 1012-5558 Interrupted 108 Egyptian Journal of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering 1110-8525 Active 109 Egyptian Journal of Breastfeeding N/A Active 110 Egyptian Journal of Bronchology [The] 1687-8426 Active 111 Egyptian Journal of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia 1687-9090 Active 112 Egyptian Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery [The] N/A Active 113 Egyptian Journal of Chemistry 0449-2285 Active 114 Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine [The] 1110-1865 Active 115 Egyptian Journal of Dermatology and Andrology 1110-7650 Interrupted 116 Egyptian Journal of Diabetes [The] N/A Interrupted 117 Egyptian Journal of Food Science 1110-0192 Interrupted 118 Egyptian Journal of Genetics and Cytology 0046-161X Interrupted 119 Egyptian Journal of Histology [The] 1110-0559 Active 120 Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The] 1687-2002 Active 121 Egyptian Journal of Immunology [The] 1110-4902 Interrupted 122 Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics [The] 1110-8630 Active 123 Egyptian Journal of Medical Laboratory Sciences 1110-5593 Active 124 Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1110-2179 Interrupted 125 Egyptian Journal of Microbiology 0022-2704 Active 126 Egyptian Journal of Neonatology [The] 1110-8991 Interrupted 127 Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery [The] 1110-1083 Interrupted 128 Egyptian Journal of Nutrition 1687-1235 Active 129 Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Health 1687-7950 Active 130 Egyptian Journal of Occupational Medicine 1110-1881 Interrupted 131 Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology [The] 1012-5574 Interrupted 132 Egyptian Journal of Paediatrics [The] 1687-1677 Interrupted 133 Egyptian Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology 1687-1642 Active 134 Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 0301-5068 Active 135 Egyptian Journal of Physiological Sciences 0301-8660 Interrupted 136 Egyptian Journal of Psychiatry [The] 1110-1105 Interrupted 137 Egyptian Journal of Schistosomiasis and Infectious and Endemic Diseases 1110-7278 Interrupted 138 Egyptian Journal of Surgery [The] 1110-1121 Interrupted 139 Egyptian Journal of Urology 1110-5712 Interrupted 140 Egyptian Journal of Veterinary Science 1110-0222 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 127 S/N Journal ISSN Status 141 Egyptian Liver Journal 2090-6218 Active 142 Egyptian Medical Journal of the National Research Center 1687-1278 Interrupted 143 Egyptian Orthodontic Journal 1110-435x Interrupted 144 Egyptian Orthopaedic Journal [The] 1110-1148 Interrupted 145 Egyptian Pharmaceutical Journal [National Research Center] 1687-4315 Active 146 Egyptian Population and Family Planning Review [The] N/A Interrupted 147 Egyptian Rheumatologist [The] 1110-1164 Active 148 Egyptian Rheumatology and Rehabilitation 1110-161X Active 149 Egyptian Science Magazine [The] 1687-3815 Active 150 EJB-Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology [The] 1687-1502 Active 151 EJENTAS-Egyptian Journal of ENT and Allied Sciences 2090-0740 Interrupted 152 EMHJ-Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 1020-3397 Active 153 EMJ-Emirates Medical Journal 0250-6882 Interrupted 154 Endovascular Journal 2008-1812 Active 155 Feyz-Journal of Kashan University of Medical Sciences 1029-7855 Active 156 FWU Journal of Social Sciences 1995-1272 Active 157 Garyounis Medical Journal 0254-7198 Interrupted 158 Gastroenterology and Hepatology from Bed to Bench 2010-2258 Active 159 Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association [The] 1110-6638 Interrupted 160 Genetics in the 3rd Millennium 1728-6182 Active 161 Gezira Journal of Health Sciences 1810-5386 Active 162 GJMS-Gomal Journal of Medical Sciences 1819-7973 Interrupted 163 GJO-Gulf Journal of Oncology [The] 2078-2101 Active 164 Govaresh 1560-7186 Active 165 Gulf Journal of Dermatology and Venereology [The] N/A Active 166 Gulf Medical University: Proceedings 2306-6865 Active 167 HAKIM Research Journal 1561-252X Active 168 Hamdard Medicus 0250-7188 Active 169 HAYAT-Journal of Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery [The] 1735-2215 Active 170 Health [The] 2218-3299 Active 171 Health Information Management 1735-7853 Active 172 Health Services Journal of the Eastern Mediterrenean Region 1014-9899 Interrupted 173 Heart Views 1995-705X Active 174 Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy 1658-3876 Active 175 Hepatitis Monthly 1735-143X Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 128 S/N Journal ISSN Status 176 Homa-ye-Salamat 2008-2002 Active 177 Hormozgan Medical Journal 1735-2223 Active 178 Hospital-Journal of Iranian Scientific Hospital Association 2008-1982 Active 179 IAJD-International Arab Journal of Dentistry 2218-0885 Active 180 IBJ-Iranian Biomedical Journal 1028-852X Active 181 IDEES-Revue de Perfectionnement Medical et Paramedical N/A Interrupted 182 IEJ-Iranian Endodontic Journal 1735-7497 Active 183 IHJ-Iranian Heart Journal 1735-7306 Active 184 IJBC-Iranian Journal of Blood and Cancer 2008-4595 Active 185 IJB-Iranian Journal of Biotechnology 1728-3043 Active 186 IJCN-Iranian Journal of Child Neurology 1735-4668 Active 187 IJEM-Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1683-4844 Active 188 IJFS-International Journal of Fertility and Sterility 2008-076X Active 189 IJHOSCR-International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research 2008-2207 Active 190 IJI-Iranian Journal of Immunology 1735-1383 Active 191 IJKD-Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases 1735-8582 Active 192 IJME-Iranian Journal of Medical Education 1608-9359 Active 193 IJM-Iranian Journal of Microbiology 2008-3289 Active 194 IJMS-Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences 0253-0716 Active 195 IJOH-International Journal of Occupational Hygiene 2008-5109 Active 196 IJO-Iranian Journal of Orthodontics 1735-5087 Interrupted 197 IJPM-International Journal of Preventive Medicine 2008-7802 Active 198 IJPR-Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 1735-0328 Active 199 IJRM-Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine 1680-6433 Active 200 IJVM-Iranian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2251-8894 Active 201 IMJ-Iraqi Medical Journal 0304-4564 Active 202 Infectious Diseases Journal of Pakistan 1027-0299 Interrupted 203 International Cardiovascular Research Journal 2251-9130 Active 204 International Journal of Diabetes and Metabolism 1606-7754 Interrupted 205 International Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 1877-5934 Active 206 International Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 1726-913X Active 207 International Journal of Environmental Research 1735-6865 Active 208 International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 1735-1472 Active 209 International Journal of Health Sciences 1658-3639 Interrupted 210 International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 2251-8711 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 129 S/N Journal ISSN Status 211 International Journal of Mycobacteriology 2212-5531 Active 212 International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008-6520 Active 213 International Journal of Organ Transplantation Medicine 2008-6490 Active 214 International Journal of Pathology 1810-0155 Active 215 International Journal of Radiation Research 2322-3243 Active 216 IOJ-Iraqi Orthodontic Journal 1816-0581 Interrupted 217 IPMJ-Iraqi Postgraduate Medical Journal 1608-8360 Active 218 Iran Journal of Nursing 2008-5923 Active 219 Iran Occupational Health 1735-5133 Active 220 Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 Active 221 Iranian Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases 1735-7179 Active 222 Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences 2008-3866 Active 223 Iranian Journal of Cancer Prevention 2008-2398 Active 224 Iranian Journal of Dermatology 0021-082X Active 225 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Lipid Disorders 1726-7544 Interrupted 226 Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity 2008-6792 Active 227 Iranian Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering 1735-1979 Active 228 Iranian Journal of Epidemiology 1735-7489 Active 229 Iranian Journal of Health and Environment 2008-2029 Active 230 Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology 1735-8612 Interrupted 231 Iranian Journal of Medical Physics 1735-160X Active 232 Iranian Journal of Nuclear Medicine 1681-2824 Active 233 Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research [IJNMR] 1735-9066 Active 234 Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology 1735-7756 Active 235 Iranian Journal of Obstetric, Gynecology and Infertility [The] 1680-2993 Interrupted 236 Iranian Journal of Ophthalmology 1735-4153 Interrupted 237 Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 1560-1293 Active 238 Iranian Journal of Parasitology 1735-7020 Active 239 Iranian Journal of Pediatrics 2008-2142 Active 240 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry 1735-4587 Active 241 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences 1735-8639 Active 242 Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology [IJPCP] 1735-4315 Active 243 Iranian Journal of Public Health 0304-4556 Active 244 Iranian Journal of Radiology 1735-1065 Active 245 Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research 1728-1997 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 130 S/N Journal ISSN Status 246 Iranian Rehabilitation Journal 1735-3602 Active 247 Iraqi Army Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 248 Iraqi Journal of Agriculture 1818-6645 Interrupted 249 Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology N/A Interrupted 250 Iraqi Journal of Community Medicine 1684-5382 Interrupted 251 Iraqi Journal of Medical Sciences 1681-6579 Interrupted 252 Iraqi Journal of Microbiology N/A Interrupted 253 Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted 254 Iraqi Journal of Tropical Disease Researches 1814-0823 Interrupted 255 IRCMJ-Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 1561-4395 Active 256 Isra Medical Journal 2073-8285 Active 257 JABHS-Journal of the Arab Board of Health Specializations 1561-0217 Active 258 JAMC-Journal of Ayub Medical College-Abbotabad-Pakistan 1025-9589 Active 259 JBMS-Journal of the Bahrain Medical Society 1015-6321 Active 260 JBUMS-Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences 1561-4107 Interrupted 261 JCPSP-Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan 1022-386X Active 262 JCVTR-Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 2008-5117 Active 263 JDT-Journal of Dentistry Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1735-2150 Interrupted 264 JDUHS-Journal of the Dow University of Health Sciences 1995-2198 Active 265 JEMTAC-Journal of Emergency Medicine, Trauma and Acute Care 1999-7086 Active 266 JESN-Journal of Egyptian Society of Nephrology [The] N/A Interrupted 267 JISHIM-Journal of the International Society for the History of Islamic Medicine 1303-667X Interrupted 268 JKCD-Journal of Khyber College of Dentistry 2220-2633 Active 269 JLDA-Journal of the Lebanese Dental Association 1810-9632 Interrupted 270 JLUMHS-Journal of the Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences 1729-0341 Interrupted 271 JMJ-Jamahiriya Medical Journal N/A Active 272 JMJ-Juba Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 273 JMR-Journal of Medical Research Interrupted 274 JNP-Journal of Nephropathology 2251-8363 Active 275 JOPDAK-Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association Karachi 1680-2292 Interrupted 276 Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1995-7157 Active 277 Jordan Medical Journal 0446-9283 Active 278 Journal du Practicien 1113-5667 Interrupted 279 Journal of Advanced Research 2090-1232 Active 280 Journal of Anesthesiology and Pain 2228-6659 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 131 S/N Journal ISSN Status 281 Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences-Rahavard Danesh 1735-5338 Interrupted 282 Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry 1680-0057 Interrupted 283 Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 1814-8085 Active 284 Journal of Basic Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted 285 Journal of Childhood Studies 2090-0619 Interrupted 286 Journal of Clinical Laboratory [The] 1814-411X Active 287 Journal of Community Medicine N/A Interrupted 288 Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques 2322-4150 Active 289 Journal of Dental Medicine-Tehran University of Medical Sciences 1024-641X Active 290 Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects 2008-210X Active 291 Journal of Dental School-Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 1735-7683 Active 292 Journal of Dentistry-Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 1728-3426 Active 293 Journal of Dohuk University 1812-7568 Interrupted 294 Journal of Drug Research of Egypt 0085-2406 Active 295 Journal of Environmental Studies 1025-8620 Active 296 Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health 2210-6006 Active 297 Journal of Family and Community Medicine 1319-1683 Active 298 Journal of Family and Reproductive Health 1735-8949 Active 299 Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health [The] 1028-6918 Active 300 Journal of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences 1562-4765 Active 301 Journal of Guilan University of Medical Sciences 2008-4048 Active 302 Journal of Health Administration 2008-1200 Active 303 Journal of Health and Safety at Work 2251-807X Active 304 Journal of Health Scope 2251-8959 Active 305 Journal of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases 1110-0796 Interrupted 306 Journal of Hygiene and Health 1735-2363 Interrupted 307 Journal of Infection and Public Health 1876-0341 Active 308 Journal of Injury and Violence Research 2008-2053 Active 309 Journal of Isfahan Dental School 1735-255X Active 310 Journal of Isfahan Medical School 1027-7595 Interrupted 311 Journal of Islamic Dental Association of Iran [The]-JIDA 1024-6428 Active 312 Journal of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences 2008-7993 Interrupted 313 Journal of Karbala University 1813-0410 Interrupted 314 Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences 1023-9510 Active 315 Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences [KUMS] 2251-9068 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 132 S/N Journal ISSN Status 316 Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Medical Sciences 1319-1004 Interrupted 317 Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences 2008-9783 Active 318 Journal of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences [The] 1110-6468 Interrupted 319 Journal of Mashhad Dental School 1560-9286 Active 320 Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences 1735-9260 Active 321 Journal of Medical Council of Islamic Republic of Iran 1562-1073 Active 322 Journal of Medical Education 1735-3998 Interrupted 323 Journal of Medical Sciences 1997-3438 Active 324 Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-4474 Interrupted 325 Journal of Medicinal Plants 1684-0240 Active 326 Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgical Sciences 2251-7022 Active 327 Journal of Modern Rehabilitation 2008-2576 Active 328 Journal of Nephrology Urology and Transplantation N/A Interrupted 329 Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Quarterly-Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1605-8941 Active 330 Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 2008-2010 Active 331 Journal of Patient Safety and Quality Improvement 2345-4482 Active 332 Journal of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry N/A Active 333 Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences [The] 1561-3666 Active 334 Journal of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences 1735-3165 Active 335 Journal of Rehabilitation 1607-2960 Interrupted 336 Journal of Reproduction and Infertility 2228-5482 Active 337 Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences 1735-2029 Interrupted 338 Journal of Research in Dental Sciences 2008-4676 Active 339 Journal of Research in Health Sciences [JRHS] 1682-2765 Active 340 Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-5311 Active 341 Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research 1735-7586 Active 342 Journal of Screening and Geographical Medicine 1735-7594 Active 343 Journal of Shaheed Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1562-272X Active 344 Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences 1735-1448 Active 345 Journal of Surgery [The] 1681-4517 Interrupted 346 Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences 1658-3612 Active 347 Journal of Tehran University Heart Center [The] 1735-8620 Active 348 Journal of the Arab Board of Medical Specializations 1561-0217 Interrupted 349 Journal of the Arab Dentist N/A Interrupted 350 Journal of the Arab Neonatology Forum 1812-1756 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 133 S/N Journal ISSN Status 351 Journal of the Arab Society for Medical Research 1687-4293 Active 352 Journal of the Egyptian Medical Association [The] 0013-2411 Interrupted 353 Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute 1110-0362 Interrupted 354 Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association [The] 0013-2446 Active 355 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes [The] 1110-1245 Interrupted 356 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology [The] 0258-3216 Interrupted 357 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology 1110-0583 Active 358 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics [The] N/A Interrupted 359 Journal of the Egyptian Society of Toxicology 1110-127X Interrupted 360 Journal of the Faculty of Medicine-Baghdad 0041-9419 Interrupted 361 Journal of the Medical Research Institute-Alexandria University 1110-0133 Interrupted 362 Journal of the Royal Medical Services 2078-8703 Active 363 Journal of the Saudi Heart Association 1016-7315 Active 364 Journal of Tropical Nephro-Urology N/A Interrupted 365 Journal of Veterinary Research 2008-2525 Active 366 Journal of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1735-076X Interrupted 367 Journal of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1606-9366 Active 368 JPAD-Journal of Pakistan Association of Dermatologists 1560-9014 Active 369 JPC-Journal of Pediatric Club [The] N/A Active 370 JPDA-Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 1680-2292 Active 371 JPIMS-Journal of Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences 1683-6928 Interrupted 372 JPMA-Journal of Pakistan Medical Association 0030-9982 Active 373 JPMI-Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute 1013-5472 Active 374 JPPS-Journal of Pakistan Psychiatric Society 1726-8710 Active 375 JRH-Journal of Research and Health 2251-6395 Active 376 JRMS-Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 1735-1995 Interrupted 377 JRRS-Journal of Research in Rehabilitation Sciences 1735-7519 Active 378 JSOGP-Journal of the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Paksitan N/A Active 379 JSP-Journal of Surgery Pakistan International 1817-0242 Active 380 Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology [JJM] 2008-3645 Active 381 Jundishapur Journal of Natural Pharmaceutical Products 1735-7780 Active 382 Jundishapur Scientific Medical Journal 2252-052x Active 383 Kasr El Aini Journal of Surgery 0022-9237 Interrupted 384 Kasr El-Aini Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 385 Khartoum Pharmacy Journal N/A Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 134 S/N Journal ISSN Status 386 Kidney Forum 1369-3050 Interrupted 387 KMJ-Kuwait Medical Journal 0023-5776 Active 388 KMUJ-Khyber Medical University Journal 2072-7763 Active 389 KOOMESH-Journal of the Semnan University of Medical Sciences 1608-7046 Active 390 Kufa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 391 Lahore Journal of Public Health N/A Interrupted 392 Lebanese Science Journal 1561-3410 Active 393 Libyan Journal of Infectious Diseases [The] N/A Interrupted 394 LJM-Libyan Journal of Medicine 1993-2820 Active 395 LMJ-Lebanese Medical Journal 0023-9852 Active 396 Maghreb Medical 0330-258X Active 397 Mansoura Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-1318 Interrupted 398 Mansoura Medical Bulletin 1012-5590 Interrupted 399 Mansoura Medical Journal 1110-211X Interrupted 400 Maroc Medical 0253-4053 Active 401 MDV-Molecular Diagnosis and Vaccine 1687-2010 Interrupted 402 MEAJO-Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-9233 Active 403 Medical Arabization N/A Active 404 Medical Channel 1681-5491 Interrupted 405 Medical Forum Monthly 1029-385X Active 406 Medical Journal of Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital [The] N/A Interrupted 407 Medical Journal of Basrah University [The] 0253-0759 Interrupted 408 Medical Journal of Cairo University [The] 0045-3803 Interrupted 409 Medical Journal of Islamic World Academy of Sciences 1016-3360 Active 410 Medical Journal of Mashad University of Medical Sciences 1735-4013 Active 411 Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 1608-5671 Interrupted 412 Medical Journal of Teaching Hospitals and Institutes [The] 1110-2039 Interrupted 413 Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1016-1430 Active 414 Medical Journal of Tikrit University [The] N/A Interrupted 415 Medical Principles and Practice 1011-7571 Active 416 Medical Sciences Journal of Islamic Azad University 1023-5922 Active 417 Medical Spectrum [The] 0254-8534 Interrupted 418 Medicine Today 1813-9876 Interrupted 419 MEJC-Middle East Journal of Cancer 2008-6709 Active 420 Middle East Journal of Anesthesiology 0544-0440 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 135 S/N Journal ISSN Status 421 Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases 2008-5230 Active 422 Middle East Journal of Family Medicine N/A Interrupted 423 Minoufia Medical Journal 1110-2098 Interrupted 424 MJFCT-Mansoura Journal of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology 1110-5437 Interrupted 425 Modares Journal of Medical Sciences, Pathobiology 1562-9554 Active 426 Mother and Child 0379-2617 Interrupted 427 Neonatology 1687-0492 Interrupted 428 Nephro-Urology Monthly 2251-7006 Active 429 Neurosciences 1319-6138 Active 430 New Egyptian Journal of Medicine [The] 1110-1946 Active 431 New Iraqi Journal of Medicine [The] 1817-5562 Active 432 Nursing and Midwifery Research 1753-5001 Interrupted 433 Ofogh-E-Danesh 1735-1855 Active 434 Oman Journal of Ophthalmology 0974-620X Active 435 Oman Medical Journal 1999-768X Active 436 Omdurman Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences N/A Interrupted 437 PAFMJ-Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 0030-9648 Active 438 Pakistan Heart Journal 0048-2706 Active 439 Pakistan Journal of Biochemistry 0300-8185 Interrupted 440 Pakistan Journal of Chest Medicine N/A Interrupted 441 Pakistan Journal of Clinical Psychology 1019-438X Active 442 Pakistan Journal of Community Medicine [The] N/A Interrupted 443 Pakistan Journal of Health N/A Interrupted 444 Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 1996-7195 Interrupted 445 Pakistan Journal of Medical Ethics N/A Active 446 Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 1682-024X Active 447 Pakistan Journal of Neurology N/A Interrupted 448 Pakistan Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology N/A Interrupted 449 Pakistan Journal of Orthodontics, Pediatric and Community Dentistry 1608-134X Interrupted 450 Pakistan Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 0257-4985 Active 451 Pakistan Journal of Pathology 1024-6193 Active 452 Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1011-601X Active 453 Pakistan Journal of Pharmacology 0255-7088 Active 454 Pakistan Journal of Physiology 1819-270X Active 455 Pakistan Journal of Psychology 0030-9869 Active IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 136 S/N Journal ISSN Status 456 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 0030-9885 Interrupted 457 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series A: Physical Sciences 2221-6413 Active 458 Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research Series B: Biological Sciences 2221-6421 Active 459 Pakistan Medical Journal 0031-000X Interrupted 460 Pakistan Ophthalmology 0259-3661 Interrupted 461 Pakistan Oral and Dental Journal 1012-8700 Active 462 Pakistan Pediatric Journal 0304-4904 Interrupted 463 Pan Arab Journal of Neurosurgery 1319-6995 Active 464 Pan Arab Journal of Orthopaedic and Trauma [The] 1607-4912 Interrupted 465 Pan Arab Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 466 Payavard-Salamat 1735-8132 Active 467 Payesh-Health Monitor 1680-7626 Active 468 Pejouhandeh: Bimonthly Research Journal 1735-1022 Active 469 PJC-Pakistan Journal of Cardiology 1016-1244 Interrupted 470 PJMR-Pakistan Journal of Medical Research 0030-9842 Active 471 PJO-Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology 0886-3067 Interrupted 472 PJPH-Pakistan Journal of Public Health 2225-0891 Active 473 PJS-Pakistan Journal of Surgery 0258-8552 Active 474 PMJ-Palestinian Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 475 Population Bulletin of ESCWA 0258-1914 Interrupted 476 Population Researches and Studies N/A Interrupted 477 Population Sciences N/A Interrupted 478 Population Studies 1110-1342 Interrupted 479 Proceedings-Shaikh Zayed Postgraduate Medical Institute N/A Interrupted 480 Professional Medical Journal-Quarterly [The] 1024-8919 Active 481 PUJ-Parasitologists United Journal 1687-7942 Active 482 Qatar Medical Journal 0253-8253 Active 483 Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 1735-7799 Active 484 Quarterly Journal of Medical Ethics 2008-4374 Active 485 Quarterly Journal of Medical Law N/A Active 486 Quarterly Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences 1606-7487 Interrupted 487 Quarterly Scientific Journal of Relief and Rescue 2008-4544 Active 488 Razi Journal of Medical Sciences 2228-7043 Active 489 Rehabilitation International N/A Interrupted 490 Research Centre Bulletin 1019-5335 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 137 S/N Journal ISSN Status 491 Research in Cardiovascular Medicine 2251-9572 Active 492 Research Journal of Aleppo University-Medical Sciences Series N/A Interrupted 493 Revue Maghrebine de Pediatrie [La] 0330-7611 Active 494 Revue Maghrebine d'Endocrinologie - Diabete et de Reproduction [La] N/A Active 495 Revue Marocaine de Chirurgie Orthopedique et Traumatologique N/A Interrupted 496 Revue Marocaine de Medecine et Sante 0251-0758 Interrupted 497 Revue Marocaine des Maladies de L'Enfant N/A Interrupted 498 Revue Tunisienne d'Infectiologie 1737-8958 Active 499 Risafa Medical Journal N/A Interrupted 500 RMJ-Rawal Medical Journal 0303-5212 Active 501 Salmand-Iranian Journal of Aging 1735-806X Active 502 Sana'a University Journal of Medical Sciences N/A Interrupted 503 Saudi Epidemiology Bulletin 1319-3965 Interrupted 504 Saudi Heart Journal 1018-077X Interrupted 505 Saudi Journal of Disability and Rehabilitation 1319-6499 Interrupted 506 Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology [The] 1319-3767 Active 507 Saudi Journal of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Head and Neck Surgery [The] 1319-8491 Interrupted 508 Saudi Journal of Sports Medicine [The] 1319-6308 Interrupted 509 Saudi Medical Journal 0379-5284 Active 510 Scientific and Research Journal of Army University of Medical Sciences-JAUMS 1727-1789 Active 511 Scientific Journal of Al-Azhar Medical Faculty [Girls] [The] 1110-2381 Interrupted 512 Scientific Journal of El-Minia Faculty of Medicine [The] 1110-2446 Interrupted 513 Scientific Journal of Forensic Medicine 1027-1457 Interrupted 514 Scientific Journal of Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization [The] 1027-9520 Active 515 Scientific Journal of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences 1560-652X Active 516 Scientific Medical Journal 1110-5607 Active 517 Scientific Nursing Journal 1812-2388 Interrupted 518 SDJ-Saudi Dental Journal [The] 1013-9052 Active 519 SGH Medical Journal 1658-2489 Interrupted 520 SJA-Saudi Journal of Anaesthesia 1658-354X Active 521 SJO-Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology 1319-4534 Active 522 SJPH-Sudanese Journal of Public Health 1990-7567 Interrupted 523 Smile Dental Journal 2072-473X Active 524 Social Welfare Quarterly 1735-8191 Interrupted 525 Sohag Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 138 S/N Journal ISSN Status 526 South Valley Medical Journal 1110-7529 Interrupted 527 SPJ-Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 1319-0164 Active 528 SQUMJ-Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal 2075-051X Active 529 SST-Sante et Securite au Travail N/A Active 530 Strides in Development of Medical Education 1735-4242 Active 531 Sudan Journal of Medical Sciences 1858-5051 Active 532 Sudan Medical Journal 0491-4481 Active 533 Sudan Medical Monitor 1858-5000 Active 534 Sudanese Journal of Dermatology 1815-3941 Interrupted 535 Suez Canal University Medical Journal 1110-6999 Interrupted 536 Tabib Attifil Alarabi N/A Interrupted 537 Tanaffos 1735-0344 Active 538 Tanta Medical Journal 1110-1415 Interrupted 539 Tanta Medical Sciences Journal 1687-5788 Interrupted 540 Teb Va Tazkie 1608-2397 Active 541 Tehran University Medical Journal [TUMJ] 1683-1764 Active 542 Thrita Student Journal of Medical Sciences 2251-8312 Active 543 Toloo-e-Behdasht 1728-5127 Active 544 Trauma Monthly 2251-7464 Active 545 Tunisie Medicale [La] 0041-4131 Active 546 University of Aden Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 1606-8947 Active 547 Urology Annals 0974-7796 Active 548 Urology Journal 1735-1308 Active 549 Veterinary Medical Journal 1110-1423 Active 550 WJPS-World Journal of Plastic Surgery 2228-7914 Active 551 Yafteh Journal 1563-0773 Interrupted 552 Yemeni Journal for Medical Sciences [The] N/A Interrupted 553 YHMRJ-Yemeni Health and Medical Research Journal N/A Interrupted 554 YJMHR-Yemeni Journal of Medical and Health Research N/A Active 555 YMJ-Yemen Medical Journal N/A Interrupted IMEMR Current Contents EMR Journals List 139 S/N Journal ISSN Status 556 Zagazig Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology 1687-160X Interrupted 557 Zagazig Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 1110-5089 Interrupted 558 Zagazig Medical Association Journal 1110-2322 Interrupted 559 Zagazig University Medical Journal 1110-1431 Interrupted 560 Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences N/A Active 561 Zanco Journal of Medical Sciences 1995-5588 Active Last update December 2013 ISSN: 2071-2510 IMEMR Current Contents December 2013 Vol. 11 No.2 Providing Access to Health Knowledge to Build a Healthy Future For further information contact: World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Knowledge Sharing and Production (KSP) Index Medicus for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (IMEMR) Monazamet El Seha El Alamia Street Extension of Abdel Razak El Sanhouri Street P.O. 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