EBOLA SITUATION REPORT EBOLA SITUATION REPORT 03 JUNE 2015
SUMMARY Since the week ending 10 May, when a 10-month low of 9 cases of Ebola virus disease (EVD) were reported from 2 prefectures of Guinea and 1 district of Sierra Leone, both the intensity and geographical area of EVD transmission have increased. In the week ending 31 May, a total of 25 confirmed cases were reported from 4 prefectures of Guinea and 3 districts of Sierra Leone. Several cases in both Guinea and Sierra Leone arose from unknown sources of infection in areas that have not reported confirmed cases for several weeks, indicating that chains of transmission continue to go undetected. Rigorous contact tracing, active case finding, and infection prevention and control must be maintained at current intensive levels in order to uncover and break every chain of transmission. However, the onset of the rainy season will make field operations more difficult from now onwards. A total of 13 cases were reported from 4 western prefectures of Guinea in the week to 31 May. Most cases (7) were reported from the prefecture of Forecariah, which borders Sierra Leone. Multiple chains of transmission gave rise to cases in 4 of Forecariah’s 10 sub-prefectures, although all cases were either registered contacts of a previous case or had an established epidemiological link to one. The remaining cases were reported from the north-western prefecture of Boke (1 case), which borders Guinea-Bissau; the west-coast prefecture of Dubreka (4 cases), which borders the capital, Conakry; and the western inland prefecture of Fria (1 case). Community engagement has proved challenging in all 4 affected prefectures of Guinea, with several reported incidents of violence directed at field staff during the past week. In addition, 4 of the 13 nationally reported cases were identified only after post-mortem testing of community deaths. Of those 4 community deaths, 2 were registered contacts, suggesting that even when contacts can be traced, regular monitoring to ensure they receive prompt testing and treatment as soon as symptoms arise remains a challenge. Sierra Leone reported a total of 12 cases from 3 districts in the week to 31 May. The majority of cases (8) were reported from a densely populated area of the Kaffu Bullom chiefdom in the district of Port Loko, just north of the capital, Freetown. All but one of the cases were registered contacts of previous cases within quarantined houses in the chiefdom. The additional case is from the same neighbourhood but was not on a contact list and was living in a non-quarantined home at the time of symptom onset. The district of Kambia reported its first case for over 2 weeks on 31 May. The case was identified after a post-mortem test of a community death and was not a known contact of a previous case. The remaining 3 cases were reported from the capital, Freetown. At this time, none of those 3 cases can be linked to previous chains of transmission, although investigations are at an early stage. As at 31 May, a total of 1880 contacts associated with reported confirmed cases were under follow-up in 6 Guinean prefectures: Boke, Conakry, Dubreka, Forecariah, Fria, and Kindia. A total of 461 contacts were under follow-up in 3 districts of Sierra Leone: Kambia, Port Loko, and Western Area Urban (the area that includes the capital, Freetown). Two response teams from Guinea-Bissau have been deployed to the border with Guinea to assess several points of entry and sensitize communities. The last health worker infections in Guinea and Sierra Leone were reported on 6 April and 14 May, respectively. There have been a total of 869 confirmed health worker infections reported from Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone since the start of the outbreak, with 507 reported deaths.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT COUNTRIES WITH WIDESPREAD AND INTENSE TRANSMISSION There have been a total of 27 145 reported confirmed, probable, and suspected cases1 of EVD in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone (figure 1, table 1), with 11 147 reported deaths (this total includes reported deaths among probable and suspected cases, although outcomes for many cases are unknown). A total of 13 new confirmed cases were reported in Guinea and 12 in Sierra Leone in the 7 days to 31 May. The outbreak in Liberia was declared over on 9 May. Figure 1: Confirmed, probable, and suspected EVD cases worldwide (data up to 31 May 2015) Cases Deaths
Guinea Liberia Sierra Leone Italy Mali Nigeria Senegal Spain United Kingdom United States of America Total 1 0 8 6 20 8 1 0 1 0 1 0 4 1
3652 2429 4806 3912
10 666 12 827
11 162
27 181
Table 1: Confirmed, probable, and suspected cases in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone Country Case definition Confirmed Guinea Probable Suspected Total Confirmed Liberia§ Probable Suspected Total Confirmed Sierra Leone Probable Suspected Total Confirmed Total Probable Suspected Total Cumulative cases 3223 419 10 3652 3151 1879 5636 10 666 8620 287 3920 12 827 14 994 2585 9566 27 145 Cases in past 21 days 49 * * 49 0 * * 0 23 * * 23 72 * * 72 Cumulative deaths 2010 419 ‡ 2429 ‡ ‡ ‡ 4806 3546 208 158 3912 ‡ ‡ ‡ 11 147
Data are based on official information reported by ministries of health. These numbers are subject to change due to ongoing reclassification, retrospective investigation and availability of laboratory results. *Not reported due to the high proportion of probable and suspected cases § that are reclassified. ‡Data not available. Data are until 9 May. The outbreak in Liberia was declared over on 9 May, after 42 complete days elapsed since the burial of the last confirmed case. The country has now entered a 3-month period of heightened vigilance. 1
Case definition recommendations for Ebola or Marburg Virus Diseases: http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/ebola/ebola-case-definitioncontact-en.pdf?ua=1
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT The total number of confirmed cases is similar in males and females (table 2). Compared with children (people aged 14 years and under), people aged 15 to 44 are approximately 3 to 4 times more likely to be affected. People aged 45 and over are 4 to 5 times more likely to be affected than children. A total of 869 confirmed health worker infections have been reported in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone; there have been 507 reported deaths (table 5). Figure 2: Geographical distribution of confirmed cases reported in the week to 31 May 2015
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
GUINEA Key performance indicators for the EVD response in Guinea are shown in table 6. A total of 13 confirmed cases were reported from 4 prefectures in the 7 days to 31 May (table 3, table 4, figure 2, figure 3), compared with 9 cases from 3 prefectures the previous week (table 3, figure 4). Most cases (7) were reported from the prefecture of Forecariah, which borders Sierra Leone. A total of 4 of Forecariah’s 10 sub-prefectures reported confirmed cases, although most (5) cases were concentrated in a
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT central area of the prefecture where the sub-prefectures of Farmoriah, Kaliah, and Moussayah intersect (figure 2). All cases reported from the prefecture were either registered contacts of a previous case or had an established epidemiological link to one. The remaining cases were reported from the north-western prefecture of Boke (1 case), which borders Guinea-Bissau; the west-coast prefecture of Dubreka (4 cases), which borders the capital, Conakry; and the western inland prefecture of Fria (1 case; figure 2, table 3, table 4). The cases in Boke and Dubreka were all registered contacts of cases linked to localised chains of transmission (table 4). However, the case reported from Fria arose from an unknown source, and is suspected to have originated from an as-yet unidentified chain of transmission in the neighbouring prefecture of Telimele. Investigations into the origin of the case in Fria have been complicated by active and passive resistance from communities in both Fria and Telimele. Community engagement has proved challenging in all 4 affected prefectures of Guinea, with several reported incidents of violence directed at field staff during the past week. In addition, 4 of the 13 nationally reported cases were identified only after post-mortem testing of community deaths. Of those 4 community deaths, 2 were registered contacts, suggesting that even when contacts can be traced, regular monitoring to ensure they receive prompt testing and treatment as soon as symptoms arise remains a challenge in many areas. Table 2: Cumulative number of confirmed cases by sex and age group in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone Cumulative cases By sex* By age group‡ Country (per 100 000 population) (per 100 000 population) Male Female 0-14 years 15-44 years 45+ years 1549 1669 500 1841 832 Guinea (28) (31) (11) (40) (53) 1911 1838 561 2060 703 § Liberia (96) (93) (33) (121) (132) 4641 4948 1904 5454 2062 Sierra Leone (163) (171) (79) (211) (279) Population figures are based on estimates from the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. These numbers are subject to change due to ongoing reclassification, retrospective investigation and availability of laboratory results. *Excludes cases for which data § on sex are not available. ‡Excludes cases for which data on age are not available. The outbreak in Liberia was declared over on 9 May, after 42 complete days elapsed since the burial of the last confirmed case. The country has now entered a 3-month period of heightened vigilance. 2
Table 3: Cases and contacts by district/prefecture over the past 4 weeks Prefecture/ District Boke Conakry Dubreka Forecariah Fria Kindia Kambia Port Loko Western Area Urban‡ Week 19 0 0 1 6 0 0 7 0 0 2 2 9 20 5 0 11 11 0 0 27 1 3 4 8 35 21 1 0 3 5 0 0 9 0 1 2 3 12 25 May 26 May 27 May 28 May 29 May 30 May 31 May
Guinea
Subtotal Sierra Leone Subtotal Total
Mon 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
Tues 0 0 0 2 1 0 3 0 1 2 3 6
Wed 1 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 3 0 3 5
Thurs 0 0 1 2 0 0 3 0 2 0 2 5
Fri 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 2
Sat 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1
Sun 0 0 2 1 0 0 3 1 1 0 2 5
Week 22 1 0 4 7 1 0 13 1 8 3 12 25
Contacts under follow- up* 252 94 336 1099 91 8 1880 18 145 298 461 2341
Data are based on official information reported by ministries of health. These numbers are subject to change due to ongoing reclassification, ‡ retrospective investigation and availability of laboratory results. *Data as of 31 May. Includes Freetown. 2
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs: http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Excel-Data/population.htm
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT As at 31 May, a total of 1880 contacts associated with reported confirmed cases were under follow-up in 6 Guinean prefectures: Boke, Conakry, Dubreka, Forecariah, Fria, and Kindia (table 3). Given the proximity to Guinea-Bissau of the recent cluster of cases in the north-west Guinean prefecture of Boke (figure 2, figure 3), two response teams from Guinea-Bissau have been deployed to the border with Guinea to assess several points of entry and sensitize the communities. The investigation team were not able to locate the contact who had attended the funeral of a case in Boke, and who is thought to have returned to a fishing community in Guinea-Bissau. The number of reported unsafe burials increased slightly compared with the previous week, from 13 to 16, although it remained stable as a proportion of all reported burials, at 4% of 384. A total of 608 laboratory samples were tested in the week to 31 May, including both initial and repeat testing. Including repeat positive samples taken from patients undergoing treatment, 4% of samples tested positive for EVD, compared with 6% the previous week. Locations of the 8 operational Ebola treatment centres (ETCs) are shown in figure 7. No health worker infections were reported in Guinea the week to 31 May. Locations of the 9 operational laboratories in Guinea are shown in figure 8.
Table 4: Location and epidemiological status of confirmed cases reported in the week to 31 May 2015 On Unknown Prefecture/ Chiefdom/subEpiCases contact source of District prefecture link* ‡ list infection Boke Kamsar 1 1 Dubreka Centre 1 1 Dubreka Tanene 3 3 Farmoriah 1 1 Guinea Kaliah 2 2 Forecariah Moussayah 3 1 2 Sikhourou 1 1 Fria Banguinet 1 1 Subtotal 13 9 3 1 Kambia Tonko Limba 1 1 Port Loko Kaffu Bullom 8 7 1 Allen Town 1 1 Sierra Leone Western Area Pump Line (Ward 391) 1 1 Urban** Mamboreh 1 1 Subtotal 12 7 1 4 Total 25 16 4 5
Confirmed community § death 1 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 3 7
*Epi-link refers to cases who were not registered as contacts of a previous case (possibly because they refused to cooperate or were untraceable), but who, after further epidemiological investigation, were found to have had contact with a previous case, OR refers to cases ‡ who are resident or are from a community with active transmission in the past 21 days. Includes cases under epidemiological investigation. § A case that is identified as a community death can also be registered as a contact, or subsequently be found to have had contact with a known case (epi-link), or have no known link to a previous case. **Includes Freetown.
Table 5: Ebola virus disease infections in health workers in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone Country Cases Guinea Liberia* Sierra Leone Total 187 378 304 869
Deaths 94 192 221 ‡
507
Data are confirmed cases and deaths only, apart from deaths in Sierra Leone, which include confirmed, probable, and suspected deaths. ‡ *The outbreak in Liberia was declared over on 9 May. Data as of 17 February.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Table 6: Key response performance indicators for Guinea
For definitions of key performance indicators see Annex 2. Data are given for 7-day periods. Data not yet available for number of post‡ # mortem swabs of community deaths. *Includes repeat samples. Data missing for 0–3% of cases. Outcome data missing for 0–2% of ** hospitalized confirmed cases. Due to a policy change on 20 March affecting prefectures in Guinea in which there has been transmission within the past 21 days, unsafe burials now refer to any reported community death/burial that is not safe and carried out by a safe and dignified burial team.
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SIERRA LEONE Key performance indicators for the EVD response in Sierra Leone are shown in table 7. A total of 12 confirmed cases were reported from 3 districts in the week to 31 May, compared with 3 cases from 2 districts the previous week (table 3, figure 2, figure 3, figure 5, figure 6). The weekly total is the highest for over 1 month. The majority (8) of cases were reported from a densely populated area of the Kaffu Bullom chiefdom in Port Loko. All but one of the cases were registered contacts of previous cases within quarantined houses in the chiefdom (table 4), and are the third generation of cases in the locale that can be linked back to a single case imported from the district of Kambia, which lies just to the north of Port Loko on the border with Guinea (figure 2, figure 3, figure 5, figure 6). The additional case is from the same neighbourhood but was not on a contact list, and was living in a non-quarantined home at the time of symptom onset.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT
Kambia reported its first case for over 2 weeks on 31 May (figure 6). The case was identified after a postmortem test of a community death and was not a known contact of a previous case. Epidemiological investigations have so far not been able to establish an epidemiological link to a previous case, and it is suspected that an active chain of transmission may have gone undetected in the community for several weeks. Community engagement has continued to be challenging in several chiefdoms in Kambia, with UNICEF reporting a large number of incidents of resistance to response measures in the district. The remaining 3 cases were reported from the capital, Freetown. At this time, none of the 3 cases can be linked to previous chains of transmission, although investigations are at an early stage. One of the cases was a stillborn child who tested PCR-positive for EVD on delivery; the mother tested PCR-negative for EVD. Serological tests have detected antibodies against EVD in the mother, indicative of a prior infection or exposure. The case underlines the need for close monitoring of pregnancy and child birth among female EVD survivors.
Table 7: Key response performance indicators for Sierra Leone
For definitions of key performance indicators see Annex 2. Data are for 7-day periods. Data missing for 6–12% of cases. Outcome data missing for 36–75% of hospitalized confirmed cases. *Use of a new rapid-reporting system from 26 April onwards means that data for the most recent 6 weeks cannot be directly compared with previous weeks.
‡
#
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT A total of 461 contacts were under follow-up in 3 districts of Sierra Leone: Kambia, Port Loko, and Western Area Urban (the area that includes the capital, Freetown; table 4). No health worker infections were reported in the week to 31 May. Laboratory indicators continue to reflect a heightened degree of vigilance, with 1617 new samples tested in the week to 31 May. Less than 1% of samples tested positive. Locations of the 10 operational Ebola treatment centres (ETCs) in Sierra Leone are shown in figure 7. Two ETCs closed in the Western Area Rural district in the week to 31 May. Locations of the 11 operational laboratories in Sierra Leone are shown in figure 8.
Figure 3: Geographical distribution of new and total confirmed cases in Guinea and Sierra Leone
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Figure 4: Confirmed weekly Ebola virus disease cases reported nationally and by district from Guinea
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Figure 5: Confirmed weekly Ebola virus disease cases reported nationally and by district from Sierra Leone
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Figure 6: Days since last confirmed case in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
OTHER AFFECTED AND PREVIOUSLY AFFECTED COUNTRIES Six countries (Mali, Nigeria, Senegal, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States of America) have previously reported a case or cases imported from a country with widespread and intense transmission. On 12 May, WHO received notification of a laboratory-confirmed EVD case in Italy (table 7). The case is a volunteer health worker who returned to Italy from Sierra Leone on 7 May. The patient developed symptoms on 10 May, and was transported on 11 May to the infectious diseases ward of the Hospital of Sassari, Sardinia. Clinical samples were confirmed as EVD positive on 12 May, and the patient was securely transferred to the National Institute for Infectious Diseases in Rome. A total of 19 contacts associated with the case were monitored for 21 days (table 8). Information regarding the number of contacts that have completed the 21day follow-up period is pending. The EVD outbreak in Liberia was declared over on 9 May. The country, which had previously experienced widespread and intense transmission, completed 42 days without any new confirmed cases since the burial of the last confirmed case on 28 March. The country has now entered a 3-month period of heightened vigilance. In the week to 31 May, an average of 30 laboratory samples were tested per day.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Table 8: Ebola virus disease case in Italy Cumulative cases Confirmed Probable Health workers Country Contacts under follow-up 19 Suspect Deaths
Contact tracing Contacts who have Date last completed patient tested 21-day negative follow-up -
Number of days since last patient tested negative -
Italy
1
0
0
0
100%
Data are based on official information reported by ministries of health. These numbers are subject to change due to ongoing reclassification, retrospective investigation and availability of laboratory results.
Figure 7: Location of Ebola treatment centres in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone
ETCs scheduled for closure will be decommissioned only when and where the epidemiological situation and the strength of referral pathways through non-EVD facilities allow. Several ETCs will be unstaffed but remain on a stand-by level of readiness, whereby stocks of protective equipment and essential medicines will be kept on-site such that the facility can become operational within 48 hours. This transition would be triggered by higher occupancy rates in nearby ETCs. Strategically located core ETCs will remain fully operational at their current capacity (Maintain). The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT Figure 8: Location of laboratories in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone
The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.
PREPAREDNESS OF COUNTRIES TO RAPIDLY DETECT AND RESPOND TO AN EBOLA EXPOSURE The introduction of an EVD case into unaffected countries remains a risk for as long as cases are reported in any country. With sufficient levels of preparation, however, such introductions of the disease can be contained with a rapid and adequate response. WHO’s preparedness activities aim to ensure all countries are ready to effectively and safely detect, investigate and report potential EVD cases, and to mount an effective response. WHO provides this support through country visits by preparedness-strengthening teams (PSTs), direct technical assistance to countries, and the provision of technical guidance and tools.
Priority countries in Africa The initial focus of support by WHO and partners is on highest priority countries – Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea Bissau, Mali and Senegal – followed by high priority countries – Burkina Faso, Benin, Cameroon, Central
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Mauritania, Nigeria, South Sudan, Niger, and Togo. The criteria used to prioritize countries include geographical proximity to affected countries, trade and migration patterns, and strength of health systems. Since 20 October 2014, preparedness-strengthening teams (PSTs) have provided technical support in Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, South Sudan, and Togo. Technical working group meetings, field visits, highlevel exercises, and field simulations have helped to identify key areas for improvement. Each country has a tailored plan to strengthen operational readiness. WHO and partners are deploying staff to the priority countries to assist with the implementation of national plans. Follow-up missions in the four highest priority countries (Côte d’Ivoire, Senegal, Mali, and Guinea Bissau) were able to strengthen cross-border surveillance and the sharing of outbreak data under the framework of the International Health Regulations (IHR: 2005), as well as support other technical areas. A programme to roll-out longer term support to countries is ongoing, with staff levels being increased in WHO country offices to coordinate preparedness activities. EVD preparedness officers have been recruited to WHO country offices in Benin, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, Guinea Bissau, Ghana, Gambia, Mali, Senegal, and Togo. Deployments to all other priority countries are being finalized, and three subject-matter experts are also providing dedicated support to countries in the areas of infection prevention and control, outbreak logistics, and coordination. WHO personal protective equipment (PPE) modules contain minimum stocks to cover staff protection and other equipment needs to support 10 beds for 10 days for all staff with essential functions. PPE modules have been delivered and forwarded to strategic locations in Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Guinea Bissau, Cote d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Niger, and Cameroon. PPE modules are currently in country and awaiting delivery to strategic locations in Benin, Gambia, and Burkina Faso. PPE modules have been dispatched to both Central African Republic and Ethiopia. Further modules are being dispatched to all other unaffected countries in the WHO African Region and seven countries on the African continent in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. Contingency stockpiles of PPE are in place in Accra and in Dubai, and will be made available to any country in the event that they experience a shortage.
Follow-up support to priority countries Following the initial PST assessment missions to the 14 priority countries undertaken in 2014, a second phase of preparedness strengthening activities has been initiated to achieve the following goals: o Provide tailored, targeted technical support to strengthen EVD capacities in human resources; operationalize plans; test and improve procedures through field exercises and drills; and support the implementation of preparedness plans with financial and logistics support; o Provide leadership and coordinate partners to fully support one national plan; o Contribute to the International Health Regulations (2005) strengthening of national core capacities and the resilience of health systems. In Guinea Bissau, WHO has deployed a logistician to implement a basic stock-management system and to coordinate the receipt and distribution of 1500 sets of PPE to replace previously damaged stocks. In addition, WHO has deployed 2 epidemiologists in collaboration with the Portuguese Ministry of Health, and 2 social mobilisation experts to regions on the border with Guinea. In Mali, WHO deployed a field coordinator on 24 May to prepare national simulation exercises and review the country’s national training plan. In Côte d’Ivoire, WHO deployed a logistician to support the implementation of the correct wastemanagement systems at holding centres, and evaluate current PPE stocks, patient-transport procedures, communication capacity, and outbreak stock management capabilities. In Mauritania, epidemiological support for surveillance continues to be provided to the ministry of health, including training surveillance focal points on case definitions, surveillance protocols, and data management.
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT EVD preparedness officers Dedicated EVD preparedness officers have been deployed to support the implementation of country preparedness plans, coordinate partners, provide a focal point for inter-agency collaboration, provide specific technical support in their respective areas of expertise, and provide capacity development to national WHO staff.
Training Priority countries that have achieved a minimum of 50% implementation of preparedness checklist activities will be encouraged to undertake an outbreak-response exercise. This exercise will involve a series of drills on elements of an EVD response, and a functional exercise to test the coordination of the Ebola operations centre. Outbreak-response exercises are planned for 8 to 18 June in Ghana and Senegal, with dates to be confirmed for Burkina Faso, Cote d’Ivoire, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, and Mali. In Togo, support will be provided to the regional training-of-trainers exercise on Ebola infection prevention and control from 5 to 22 June.
International meetings on Ebola preparedness A high-level partner meeting will take place from 13 to 15 July in South Africa. The goal of the meeting is to bring together key national, regional, and international stakeholders to establish a common framework of action to support, coordinate, and intensify the strategic development and maintenance of health security preparedness over the long term. A meeting of preparedness officers in priority countries is taking place in Brazzaville from 2 to 4 June 2015.
Surveillance and preparedness indicators Indicators based on surveillance data, case-management capacity, laboratory testing and equipment stocks continue to be collected on a weekly basis from the four countries neighbouring affected countries: Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Mali, and Senegal. An interactive preparedness dashboard based on the WHO EVD checklist is now available online3.
ANNEX 1: COORDINATION OF THE EBOLA RESPONSE WHO continues to work with many partners in response to the EVD outbreak, including the African Union, the Economic Community of West African States, the Mano River Union, national governments, non-governmental organizations and UN agencies. Agencies responsible for coordinating 4 key lines of action in the response are given below. Lines of action Case management Case finding, laboratory services, and contact tracing Safe and dignified burials Lead agency WHO WHO International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)
Community engagement and social mobilization UNICEF
3 See: http://apps.who.int/ebola/preparedness/map
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EBOLA SITUATION REPORT ANNEX 2: DEFINITION OF KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR PHASE 2 OF THE EBOLA RESPONSE Indicator Cases and deaths Number of confirmed cases Number of confirmed deaths Number of confirmed deaths that occurred in the community Diagnostic Services Number of samples tested and percentage with positive EVD results Contact tracing Percent of new confirmed cases from registered contacts Hospitalization Time between symptom onset and hospitalization (days) Outcome of treatment Case fatality rate (among hospitalized cases) # of deaths among hospitalized cases (confirmed) # of hospitalized cases (confirmed) with a definitive survival outcome recorded Clinical investigation records Time between symptom onset and hospitalization of confirmed, probable or suspected cases (geometric mean number of days) # of confirmed cases Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health Ebola situation reports Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health Ebola situation reports Guinea: Weekly WHO situation reports Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health N/A
Numerator
Numerator source
Denominator
Denominator source Jan
N/A
# of confirmed deaths # of deaths that occurred in the community with positive EVD swab results 18 Jan
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A 25 Jan
# of new samples tested # of new samples tested with a positive EVD result 18 Jan
Guinea: Laboratory database Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health Ebola situation reports
N/A # of new samples tested
Guinea: Laboratory database Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health Ebola situation reports 25 Jan
# of new confirmed cases registered as a contact
Guinea: Weekly WHO situation reports Sierra Leone: Weekly Ministry of Health Surveillance Report
# of new confirmed cases
Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health Ebola situation Reports
Clinical investigation records
N/A
N/A
Clinical investigation records
Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) and Safety18 Jan25 Jan Number of newly Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports # of newly infected health infected health Sierra Leone: Daily Ministry of Health workers workers Ebola situation Reports Safe and dignified burials18 Ja25 Jan # of reports/alerts of Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports Number of unsafe burials that were not Sierra Leone: Ministry of Health burials reported known to be safe situation reports 18 Jan Social mobilization Number of districts # of districts with at least with at least one one security incident or Guinea: Daily WHO situation reports security incident or other form of refusal to Sierra Leone: UNICEF other form of refusal cooperate in the past week to cooperate
N/A
N/A
N/A Jan
N/A 18 Jan25 Jan
N/A
N/A
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