WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE • DE LA SANTE
REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC BUREAU RtGIONAL DU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL
REG tONAL COMMt'l"l'E!
WPR/RC28/6 Corr.l 11 Auaust 1977
Twenty-eighth session Tokyo 6-12 September 1977 Provis iona 1 agenda item 13 HEALTH MANPCM:R DEVELOPMENT:
ORIGINAL:
ENGLISH
MEDIUM-TERM PROG1W1ME
Corrigendum Please substitute the following pages, copies of which are attached, for those at present appearing in document WPR/RC28/6: Annex 1 page page page page page ·page page page page Annex 2 page 47 19 22 30 32(a) new page 32(b) new page 34 35 39 44
( 5.4 Target 4.2 countries/areas viii have integrated national health . .opGWer plans and pOiiCres for the provision of health care to cover the entire populatioo. 1978 1919 ~CT
( DrJEICOORD! PltOJECT
1980
1981
1982
1983 ACT - Aa for 1982
ACT - As for 1978 ACT - To convene a vorking group to study adaptation of CHP methodology and to strengthen I hea 1 th manpower I planning component in CHP (WPRO) To review method~logies for monitoring health manpower requirements for incorporation into health manpower planning methodology (WPRO) INP - 6 temporary advisers x 2 weeks (minilllUlll) Manual on lIMP from HQ CHP methodology from PDS uni tat WPRO and HQ OUT - Interim working group report issued INP - 6 temporary advisers x 2 weeks STC 4
- To conduct a lCT - To expand plann1Dg ACT - Aa for 1981 regional seminar activities under (C'ftIVPRo) on health manpovel eHP or To evaluate planning (WPRO) independently validity of (CTY/WPRO) May be necessary _tbodology to draft or adopt health manpower poliCies in some countries/areas al prelude to. health manpower planning To carry out manpower planning activities throug~ country health programme exercise or independently
.
IltP - STC 4 m/m
1m» - STC 4
wa
IMP - STC 4
ala
1ft -
sre
3
wa
m/m
OUT - Final working group report issued
pur - Seminar issued
report
pur -
Number of policies drafted or adopted Planning activities carried out m/m OUT
Number of policies OUT - .... luatlon report drafted or adopted 1esued and manpower planning activi~ carried out
-
ACT CHP CTY HMP HQ
INP
Activities Country health programme Country/area Health manpc~er planning WHO Headquarters Input
Han/month(s) Output indicators PDS Programme deve lopment and support STC Consultant (short-term) WPRO WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of $tatement on activities Indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out.
OII='~
lt~ ... III
........ HlII' ID"'N 00
n
""' ..
....,
. <:
"0-
(
(
iIi! N n N.-oN
5.7
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have. where necessary. expanded trarnIng facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. I
"" 3 ...,
.
at ...... G\
OllCODC PROJECT: 1981
FuIlmm/OOI 1983
1978
1979
1980
-
1982
ACT - To cooperate with ACT - To continue paediatrician medical school teaching programme by provision of service as well as teaching in pathology and paediatrics INP - Pathologist 12 m/m (RB) Paediatrician 12 m/m (RB) ~UT ~CT
INP -
Paediat~ician
12 mlm (RB)
- Staff appointed
OUT - Staff position filled ACT - As for 1980
ACT - As for 1979 ACT - To modify - To develop curriculum based medical assistant on evaluation training prograuue r.eport (first graduates 1977)
To evaluate effectiveness in real life situation INP - Medical officer 12 m/m (RB) pUT - Evaluation report issued ACT INP m/m Activities Input Han/month(s) INP - Medical officer 12 m/m (RB) OUT - Modifications made --_. -
I
INP - Medical officer 12 mlm OUT - As for 1979
INP - Medical officer 12 m/. OUT - As for 1980
I
,
l OUT Output indicators RB Regular budget Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate bu4get saurce.
(
( a: :g;: "CJ
>-
CI .......
O~N
w
HPIII
S.lS
Target 4.4 countr ies/are as will have, where necess ary. expand ed trainin g facilit ies to prepar e health person nel in number s and types identf fied by health planne rs. 1978 1981
....... INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT - SOUTH PACIFIC 1982 1983
....,
. ~
n co ....... (1\
<
1979 1980 ACT - To promot e the ACT - To promot e ACT - To implem ent optimum nation al dialogu e reques ts for WHO utiliza tion of in order to collab oration nursing person nel formul ate areas (CTY) in the delive ry for collab oration of health care with WHO (CTY) To conven e a workin g group for senior nurse educat ors and admin istrato rs to assess the nursing /midwi fery situati on in the South Pacific and make recommendations for WHO collab oration (WPRO)
ACT - As for 1980
ACT - As for 1981
ACT - To conven e a workin g group (simila r to 1978 group) to review and assess the impact of collab oration over a four-y ear period (WPRO)
INP - Task force from INP - Consul tant INP - STC or long-te rm WPRO and WHO staB seryice s from WPRC staff from HHD/HSD or countr y/areas projec ts in the Region Selecte d senior nation al health office rs OUT - Report of the workin g group issued OUT - Reques ts submit ted OLlT - Number of to WPRO countr ies/are as implem enting programmes ----- -
INP - As for 1980
INP - As for 1981
INP - Task force from WPRO and WOO projec t staff Senior nation al heal th office rs selecte d OUT - Evalua tion report,
,
I
I
of workin g group issued - _ .. _ - - - ---
-_.. _-
ACT CTY HMD HSD INP
Activi ties Countr y/area Health manpower develop ment Health service s develop ment Input
OUT Output indica tors STC Consul tant (short- term) WPRO WHO Region al office for the Wester n Pacific Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on activi ties indica te the locatio n/s where such activi ties are to be carried out.
(
\ "V • ::t 10::1
N"'N ,.... 011 'J
" " ...... Mlill w n ., ...... '"
.S
S.17(a)
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1979 ~CT
Regional Centre for the training of anaesthe~ists OMCOINC INtERCOUR'DY PROJECT/mm/OO4 1981 1982 1983
1978
1980
ACT - Continue as for ACT - Continue to 1978 (PHL) provide training in anaesthesiolo~ (PHL)
INP - 10 x 12 m/m fellowships (RB)
INP - 10 x 12 mlm fellowships (RB)
- (1) Continue as ACT - Provide training ACT for 1979 (PHL) Depending on out(2) To evaluate come of STC effectiveness of assignment plan postgraduate and implement performance in the refresher course field with a view for postgraduates to setting up (PUL) refresher training Make any changes as well as for in curriculum as changes in current may be indicated teaching programmE in report issued (CTY) in 1980 (PUL) INP - STC 3 m/m INP - STC 2 m/m IRP 8 x 12 m/m 8 x 12 m/m fellowships fellowships 5 x 1 month (1971-72 clasa)
Provide training (PUL)
ACT - Review curricula changes Provide training (PUL)
6 x 12 wi.
INP - STC 1 _1m 6 x 12 m/m
fellowahipa
fellowships 7 xl ..mtb (1973-74 cia. . )
8 x 1 month (1975 clau)
OUT - Students trained
OUT - Students trained
pUT - Evaluation undertaken and report issued Students trained
OUT - Refresher our - Training provided OUT - Training provided training provided STC assignment completed; report Curriculum issued. changes made Students trained ---.-----~
-
--
ACT CTY
INP 811m OUT PUL
Activities Country Input ....an/month(s) Output indicators Philippines
RB Regular budget STC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on aetivitie. indicate the location/. where aueh activities are to be carried out . Braekets ( ) at the end of statement on input. indicate budget aource.
'O>:C
.. ::s 'U OII::SllO ,....
"~ " w >C N .... N
011
go ..."
0\
5.l7(b )
countr ies/are as will have, wnere necess ary, Target 4.4 in expand ed tr~g facilit ies to prepar e health person nel rs. planne health by ied identif types and s number 1978 1979 1980 ~CT
ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/017 1981 - 9th meetin g to be held in AFRO (CTY) 1982 1983
ACT - 8th meetin g of Deans or Repres entativ es of School s of Public Health schedu led to be held in SEARO (Bangkok) INP - Provis ion for 10 partici pants from WPRO to attend (RB)
ACT - Plannin g for 10th ACT - To hold 10th meetin g schedu led for 1983 in WPRO
mee ting in WPRO
INP - Provis ion for 10 partici pants from WPRO to attend
INP - Region al Office staff from HSD and HMD STC 1 m/m to assist in plannin g
INP - STC 3 m/m admin istrativ e suppor t service s Suppli es and equipm ent 10 partici pants from WPR
OUT - Meetin g held Report issued
pUT - Meetin g held Report issued
OUT - Meetin g held OUT - Plans finaliz ed for 10th meetin g Report issued 1 1
1
I I
~
----- -
---
--~~
ACT AFRO CTY HMD
HSD INP m/m
Activi ties WHO Region al Office for Africa Country Health manpower develop ment Health service s develop ment Input Man/month(s)
OUtput indica tors OUT Regula r budget RB WHO Region al Office for South- East Asia SEARO Consul tant (short- term) STC WHO Region al Office for the Wester n Pacific WPRO te the locatio n/s where such Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on activi ties indica out. activi ties are to be carried budget source . Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on inputs indica te
(
(
(
(
'0 ~ 111::1'0 QIQ::l1lO 11> 11> -.....
>-
...., )< 110 n
~""N
~
5.19
Target 4.7 At least 1 of teaching faculty in countries/areas will ~undergone courses in peda-g-o-gy--.----1978 1979 1980 1981
~ ....,
... 11>
-..... CI\
Q)
ONGOING PROJECT: 1982
MAIAYSIA!HMD/OO5 1983
References: 5.12, page 27; 5.24, page 39 ACT - To review Universiti Kebangsaan organization and medical curriculum ACT - To introduce changes in curriculum organiza tion ~CT
INP - STC 9 m/m (RB)
To improve skills of teachers in educational planning (CTY/RTTC) INP - STC 2 m/m INP - STC 2 m/m Fellowship in Fellowships in medical education educational plan1 x I m/m (RTTC) ning technology 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) 1 x I m/m (RTTC) Workshop in medical education Workshop in medical education
- To investigate possible links with NTTC i f already established
ACT - As under 5.12 (page 27) To continue development of teachers' skills
ACT - As under 5.12 (page 27)
ACT - As under 5.12 (page 27)
INP - Fellowship in INP - Fellowships in medical education medical educatiot 1 x I m/m (RTTC) 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC)
OUT - Consultant reports with recommendations issued -
OUT - New curriculum implemented Workshop conducted Fellows trained
OUT - Possibility of NTTC linkage Workshop conductec Fellows trained
OUT - Fellow trained
OUT - Fellow trained
ACT
CTY INP m/m NTTC OUT
Activities Country Input Man/month(s) National Teacher Training Centre Output indicators
RB Regular budget RTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel. Sydney STC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out. Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
(
(
5.20
Target 4.7 At least t of teaching faculty in countries/areas-wrrrhave undergone courses in pedagogy. -_._-1978 1979 1980 19tH
ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMO/007 - HONG KONG 1982 1983
Reference: 5.27, pages 43 and 44 ACT - As for 1978 ACT - As for 1978 ACT - To continue consultations and To undertake conduct of two review of exis~ workshops for curricula for Medical Faculty health personnel as well as for To introduce the Medical and systematic Health Department educational in medical planning education in Hong Kong INP - STC 2 tn/m INP - STC 2 m/m INP - STC 2 m/m Fe llowship for 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) OUT - Number of staff OUT - Number of staff trained from Medical Facul ty and Fellowship study Medical and completed Health Department Review of who attended the curricula workshop undertaken ACT Fellowship in medical education 1 x 1 tn/m (RrtC) OUT - Number of staff trained Review of curricula undertaken ACT - To evaluate impac of the input to date ACT - To modify curricula as required ACT - As for 1982
INP - STC 1-1/2 mlm Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC)
INP - STC 1-1/2 tn/m Fellowship in medical educatial 1 x 1 m/m (RITC)
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m Fellowship in medical education I x 1 m/m (RITC)
OUT - Evaluation report OUT - Number of staff issued using educational planning Curricula reviewed
INP m/m OUT
Activities Input Man/month(s) Output indicators
RTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney STC Consultant (ahort-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
"0 OJ ()Q
VI.-,.., (» ,..... ....... ., n>
::u n> (';) ....... >< ::u w (") a-
;J ;J
:>
"=l
:c
~ .....,
'5.24
Target 4.8 countries/areas will functioning national teacher training centres or units of health personnel education within training institutions. 1978 1979 1980 1981
( have developed
( CROSS REFERENCE: ONGOING PROJECT: MALAYSIA/HMD/OO4 ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7 1982 1983 ACT - Continue as for 1982
"
ACT - To develop staff ACT - To plan activities ACT - To conduct ACT - To complete ACT - To continue of unit/NTTC for unit or NTTC courses/workshops feasibility study courses for teachers of on establishing a To conduct To conduct To expand and health personnel teacher training national workshops training courses elaborate unit or NTTC in under the auspices on medical To develop functions of the Ministry of further possible education of NTTC NTTC/unit Health started in links with To commence To establish 1977 (see 5.1 University transfer of all possible links page 16) medical faculties ongoing teacher with University To complete training medical faculties necessary admiactivities for nistrative action health personnel to obtain official to one authority sanction for establishment of the NTTC or unit To develop plans for implementation To consult with universities on possible joint action and sharing of resources INP - STCs 2 m/m
,
I
INP - Fellowship INP - Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) STC 2 m/m (RB) STC 2 m/m
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
i
OUT - Number of persons OUT - Training schedule OUT - Number of OUT - Uni t/NTTC OUT - Number of for 1981 drawn up qualified teachers trained sanctioned, plans teachers trained developed, Number of Medical education Further developagreement with workshop completed activities carried men t of links universities out with University Number of teaching reached medical faculties Number of teachers activities National staff trained transferred to onE recruited authority Possible links Unit fo~mally with University . establl.shed medical faculties es tab lished ACT INP m/m NTTe Activities Input Man/month(s) National Teacher Training Centre RB RTTC STC Brackets ( Regular budget Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney Consultant (short-term) ) at the end of statement ~n inputs indicate budget source.
OUT - Number of teachers, I trained Trained teachers assessed I
I ,
II> ;:I ~ 00:3'" Q
"0
>
~
I'll ......
n "'.,..N 011 "'" " '1 '" IN
>C'"
(
, ( :g~ ~"'N ~ ~IO
"0
> :c 0
ID ID ' -
5.27
(contin ued) INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7
...... '-'
::
~
'(1\
CO
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
STC
11 m/m
STC
12-1/2 m/m STC
7 -1/2 m/m 9 m/m STC
5-1/2 m/m 7 m/m STC
5-112 m/m 7 m/m STC
Fellow ships 2x12 m/m(RB) Fellow ships 2x12 m/m(~ Fellow ships 2xl2 m/m 4xl m/m(RB) 4xl m/m(RB) 4xl m/m 4x12 m/m 4xl2 m/m 4x12 m/m S & E as require d ~orkshop
5-1/2 m/m 7 m/m
Fellow ships 2x12 m/m 4xl m/m 4xl2 m/m S & E as require d Workshop I per year OUT - As for 1980
Fellow ships 2x12 m/m 4xl m/m 4x12 mi. S & E as require d Workshop 1 per year OUT -
S & E as require d
Fellow ships 2x12 m/m 4xl m/m 4x12 m/m S & E as require d Workshop I per year OUT - As for 1982
S & E as require d
1 per year(RB)
Workshop I per year(RB) Workshop 1 per year OUT - As for 1978 OUT -
OUT - Consul tantshi ps underta ken Fellow s trained Suppli es provide d Worksh3p conduc ted
As for 1979
As for 1981
End of develo pment phase of projec t
-~-
m/m
OUT RB
Man/month(s) Output indica tors Regula r budget
- -
i
S &E STC
Suppli es and equipm ent Consul tant (short- term)
WPR/RC28/6 page 47 (rev.) ANNEX 2 INDEX OF PROJECTS CONTAINED IN ANNEX 1, PROPOSED AND ONGOING, UNDER WHICH.THE TARGETS ENVISAGED FOR THE HEALTH MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, 1978-83, MAY BE ACHIEVED Ongoing Project COOK ISLANDS FIJI Proposed project Proposed project FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/OO1 LAO PEOPLE I S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC MALAYSIA Proposed project MAA/HMD/OO4 MAA/HMD/OO5 MAA/HMD/005 I I
Section 5.16 5.11 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10
Page 31
26 22 23 24 25
LAO/HMD/OO1
5.17 5.1 5.24 5.12 5.19 5.22 5.5 5.13 5.25 5.26 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.23
32 16 39 27 34
PAPUA NEW ; GUINEA PHILIPPINES REPUBLIC OF KOREA INTERCOUNTRY Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project for Gilbert Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga Proposed project for South Pacific Proposed project for South Pacific
PNG/HMD/001 PNG/HMD/002 PHL/HMD/001 PHL/HMD/005 KOR/HMD/o04
37 20 28 40 41-42 17 18 19 21 38
5.14 5.15 ICP/HMD/OO4 ICP/HMD/007 (Hong Kong) ICP/HMD/007 (Singapore) ICP/HMD/007 ICP/HMD/007 ICP/HMD/017 5.18 5.17 (a) 5.20 5.21 5.27 5.28 5.17 (b)
29 30 33 32(a) 35 36 43-44 45 neb)
WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION
ORGANISATION MONDIALE , DE LA SANTE
REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC BUREAU R£GIONAL DU PACIFIQUE OCCIDENTAL
REGIONAL COMMITTEE Twenty-eighth session Tokyo 6-12 September 1977 Provisional agenda item 13
WPR/RC28/6 6 July 1977 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
-
HEALTH MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT: 1.
MEDIUM-TERM PROGRAMME
INTRODUCTION
The Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly, believing that the Sixth General Programme of Work covering the specific period 1978-83 provides an appropriate policy framework for the formulation of medium-term programmes within the period covered, approved the Programme of Work by adopting resolution WHA29.20. 1 ,2 The Twenty-ninth World Health Assembly also considered a report presented by the Director-General on health manpower development. 3 Resolution WHA29.72, which endorsed the programme proposals of the Director-General contained in the report, also requested him to:
-
"establish a long-term programme of health manpower development on the basis of these proposals in all the regions, taking into account specific needs and possibilities of the countries in each region, and on the basis of this long-term programme to build medium-term health manpower development programmes with concrete aims and target indices for evaluation of the results attained, these programmes to be discussed at the regional committee meetings in 1977." In compliance with the request of the Health Assembly to the Director-General, the Regional Director presents to the Regional Committee herewith, the draft medium-term programme for health manpower development in the Western Pacific Region. The attention
lWHO Official Records, No. 233, 1976, Annex 7. 2WHO Handbook of Resolutions and Decisions, Vol. II (2nd ed." 1977, p.2. 3nocument A29/l5.
WPR/RC28/6 page 2
of the Regional Committee is drawn to the fact that although the programme contained in Annex 1 was drawn up after consultation with individual members of government departments in some countries or areas of the Region, the text itself has not been submitted for government clearance because of shortage of time for preparation of the document before presentation to the Committee. 2. EXPlANATION OF THE PROGRAMME
It was felt that the programme proposals contained in the Director-Generalis report to the Health Assembly were broad enough to cover the needs and possibilities of individual countries or areas in the Western Pacific Region and could therefore be appropriately considered to constitute its long-term programme. From this long-term programme the draft medium-term programme for health manpower development in the Western Pacific Region has been derived. The broad objectives of the draft medium-term programme (Section 2.1.1, Annex 1) are the same as the principal objectives for health manpower development of the Sixth General Programme of Work but the specific objectives (Section 2.1.2, Annex 1) relate to the Western Pacific Region and are limited to areas where i t is felt WHO could usefully collaborate with its Member States in the Region in providing possible solutions to problems, within the constraints of its modest budget. They also reflect the most urgent priorities as they are described in Section 1 of Annex 1 "Situational analysis and problem areas". The targets to be achieved by 1983 are given in Section 4, Annex 1 and the details of individual projects, ongoing or proposed, under which the targets envisaged for the health manpower development programme may be achieved are contained in Section 5, Annex 1. Annex 2 contains an index by country or area of the projects, ongoing or proposed, detailed in Annex 1. It is to be stressed that the draft prograume is subject to modification as additional information is received from Member States and the programme develops. It is also to be stressed that the "inputs" specified for each activity do not imply financial commitment on the part of WHO at this stage. The Regional Committee is requested to make whatever suggestions or comments it wishes on the draft attached as Annex 1.
WPR/RC28/6 page 3
ANNEX 1 HEALTH MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT: MEDIUM-TERM PROGRAMME FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC REGION, 1978-83 1. 1.1 SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS AND PROBLEM AREAS
Situational analysis
-
It is noted that in the interest of brevity generalized statements are made which do not necessarily apply to all countries/areas in the Region. A. Manpower planning and management to meet health service requirements
Most countries in the Region have developed national health plans. Some of these are contained in national development plans covering a specific period, for example, the Third Malaysia Plan, 1976-1980. Others are plans specifically developed by the health authorities, for example, Papua New Guinea National Health Plan, 1974-1978 and the Philippines Integrated Health Development Programme, 1974-1977. Yet others are limited to health manpower studies .1, 2 A number of these plans have been formulated by central planning bodies with little involvement of all the agencies responsible for the provision of health care. This leads to a situation where such plans become little more than statements of national aspirations without the wherewithal to achieve the targets. For example, the current health plan for Papua New Guinea calls for the production of some 40 national physiCians per year by 1980 but currently the University of Papua New Guinea is able to produce only 15. Other studies are made by private agencies whose findings are not automatically reflected in national programmes. For example, the Japanese manpower study shows that the physician-population ratio will fall from about 1:726 in 1975 through 1:678 in 1980 to 1:468 by 2000 but there are no plans to review the situation of medical schools and the admission of students. l
-
lKatabami, J., Nichi, S., Hashimoto, M. and Kaneko, I. (1975) Studies on the development and demand-supply of health manpower in the future, Part I, Bulletin of the Institute of Public Health, 24 (3), 150-168: Part II, Bulletin of the Institute of Public Health, 24 (4), 206-220. 2Medical Council of New Zealand (1976) - Medical manpower in New Zealand Report on a Planning Workshop, Wairakei, 19 April 1976.
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 4
A greater difficulty lies in forging relationships between the agencies concerned with the production of health manpower, especially universities, and those concerned with its utilization. A recent WHO report gives a survey of diverse solutions found by different countries, many within the Region, to deal with the situation. 1 The high cost of health manpower in health service delivery makes it imperative that such functional links between all agencies be developed to the fullest extent possible. The health manpower development programme is not only concerned with the production of health manpower. Falling within the broad area of health manpower management is the responsibility to monitor the changing patterns of health services so that appropriate types of health manpower can be developed in response to the changing needs. In the Region, several operational research studies have been conducted in cooperation with Member States and details of these will be given in other relevant medium-term programmes now being prepared (general programme planning and development and health services development). Health manpower management includes the creation of systems to monitor continuing efficiency of trained health workers and the provision of continuing education facilities to maintain this efficiency and improve the competence of health personnel. While most countries or areas in the Region have some provision and facilities for continuing education, these tend to be voluntary and limited to the established professions, and have been established in response to professional demand and needs for personal fulfillment rather than a concern for the quality of health care. The middlelevel auxiliaries and basic health staff whose needs are probably the greatest are particularly ill served. Health manpower management also concerns itself with working conditions and career prospects. The difficulty in attracting people to work in the rural areas has been in some measure due to inappropriate management of staff assigned to these areas where there is uncertainty of regular return to central levels for professional development and personal advancement. Finally, there is increasing acceptance of the need to provide health personnel with management skills to enable them to make the best use of scarce resources. Training in management in the health field has been available in the Region through formal courses for hospital administrators or within postgraduate courses under the broad heading of public health administration. Such training is available in English in Australia, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines and Singapore. ~~aining is also available in the Republic of Korea and Japan in th~ national languages. Realizing that available training facilicies would not be adequate to satisfy countries' demands WHO in 1976 started to provide training in management with
lReport on consultation on health services and manpower development - Annex 1. National experience in coordination of health services and manpower development (document HHD/77.l issued by WHO Headquarters, Geneva).
WPR!RC28!6 Annex 1 page 5
a practical problem-solving orientation. The one course organized in 1976 was shared between the Western Pacific and South-East Asian Regions but in 1977 three are being planned; two will be for this Region and one shared between both Regions. Details of this activity will be found in the medium-term programme being prepared for general programme planning and development. B. Promotion of training for all categories of health staff
No country/area in the Region seems to feel that it has all the categories of health personnel needed to meet all the demands for health care. From a country health programming exercise carried out in the Lao People's Democratic Republic in 1973, before the change of government, it was found that there was one physician for every 56 000 people in the country as a whole while in the rural areas this ratio was increased to 1:88 000. There were 146 medical assistants for a total population of 3 181 000. However, 82% of Lao doctors were working in the province of Vientiane, where 351 000 people lived, and so was 61% of the medical assistants. There were 29 registered nurses and 1 662 auxiliary nurses. The regular medical course lasted seven years, that for medical assistants five years and that for registered nurses three years. At that rate of training, allowing for planned expansion by the institutions training these three categories of health worker, the staff projections were as follows: 1975 Physicians Medical assistants Registered nurses ~
1976 56 180 71
1977 63 205 93
1978 74 221 116
1979 85 ~2
1980 101 265 ~2 ~e
56 157 49
139
These rates are far from adequate to provide a service for in both urban and rural areas.
people
In the Republic of Korea, projections for health manpower made in the Third and Fourth Five-Year Health Sector Plans (1972-1976, 1977-1981) show that there will be a shortage of approximately 7 200 physicians in 1977 and 14 300 by 1981, in spite of the fact that the supply will rise from approximately 21 600 in 1977 to 26 400 in 1981. It is a fair guess that in the two above situations the use of classical methods of training of physicians will be unlikely to make good the huge deficits, even if the national budget could be increased to meet the additional cost of training and employing the additional staff. It would appear that to provide health care for the people, the introduction of auxiliary health workers needs to be seriously considered. Unfortunately their acceptance by populations at large has been slow. In part this hesitation has been due to the training of such staff, which has not always been commensurate with the expected functions, and also to the lack of
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 6
provision for supervision and reference and other support services. In part it has also been due to the unwillingness of professional health workers to delegate traditional responsibilities. The introduction of additional categories of health personnel must be based on detailed studies of existing categories and a careful definition of roles, in order to avoid duplication. An integrated multidisciplinary team approach to health care is not being fully applied and in parts of the Region, where tradition and conservatism prevail, attempts to implement joint training programmes to enable learning experiences to be shared are even more limited. Under the Papua New Guinea National Health Plan, 1974-1978, the number of nurses will be increased from 972 to 1 269 in this fiveyear period; health extension officers will similarly increase from 180 to 260 and physicians from 196 to 242. The latter increase will require an annual output from the University of 40 physiCians by 1980, while at present there are only 15 national graduates each year. The Third Malaysia Plan, 1976-1980, has set targets for physician:population ratios of 1:3000 in 1980 and 1:2200 in 1990. In one medical school, student intake will be increased from 128 in 1975 to 160. Assistant nurse training facilities will be grouped into six large regional training centres each with an annual intake of 240. In addition midwives are being retrained as jururawat desa (rural nurses) to staff the kelinik desa (rural clinics). To cope with the above demands, there is an urgent need to optimize the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process. As high a percentage as possible of investment in education and training of health personnel must be translated into skills learned. To this end application of the most appropriate recent developments in the teaching-learning processes will be described in the next section. Especially in the training of middle-level and basic health workers, a task-oriented and problem-solving approach needs to be more widely applied. The WHO fellowships programme will remain an important component of the promotion of training of all categories of health staff. C. Educational development and support
To optimize scant resources available for health manpower production, it is necessary to capitalize on recent developments in knowledge of teaching-learning processes and for this purpose teachers of heal~~ personnel must be given appropriate training. Among the .aealth profeSSionals, nurses have been the first in this field and today programmes to prepare nurse educators are available in Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and the Republic of Korea. Master's programmes are offered in Japan, Philippines and the Republic of Korea.
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 7
Apart from nurses, before 1973 teachers of health workers were selected for their high academic qualifications and research ability rather than for their teaching ability. Unfortunately, even today, there is no policy which requires that teachers undergo special preparation in pedagogy before they are appointed: appointments and promotions are still based on academic and research achievements. However there were good teachers. For most of them teaching skills had been gained by trial and error over many years or else through an inborn charisma not easy to define and impossible to assimilate. A few of them had undergone teacher training which was being introduced, especially in the United States of America, about this time. Since 1973, with the establishment of the WHO Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney, Australia, teachers have attended two-week workshops at the Centre or national workshops. By the end of 1976, 204 participants from the Region had attended workshops at the Centre and in addition 409 had attended national workshops in seven countries. Since 1976 a Master's programme in health personnel education has been offered by the Centre and from 1979 it is hoped also to offer a diploma or certificate course for teachers who do not satisfy the Master's degree entrance requirements of the University of New South Wales. The systematic approach to educational planning is not yet widely adopted by teachers of health personnel. Ways and means are being sought to ensure that the groups which now exist in each country/area (for example, 10 in Fiji, 8 in Hong Kong, 20 in Malaysia, 31 in the Philippines, 13 in Poapua New Guinea, 26 in Republic of Korea) and already have some educational planning skills become mutually supportive in tackling their problems and assisting each other in the Region. Two national teacher training centres have been established: one in the Philippines and one in the Republic of Korea. Lack of funds has delayed their full development. Many questions remain unanswered. How is one to introduce educational change? When is the optimal time to introduce such change? It is hoped that the answers may be provided through research but funds need be found for this purpose. Teaching in many parts of the Western Pacific Region is done in a language other than the mother tongue of the students. Those teaching in their national language other than English or French often suffer from a lack of adequate reference and resource materials. The development of appropriate teaching materials, whether textbooks, manuals or self-instruction materials for local use, especially for middle-level and basic workers, are important strategies in optimizing scant resources and increasing the relevance of health workers. 1.2 Problems identified after situational analysis
-
A review of the health manpower development situation in the Region shows a number of areas for further development or modification if the overall objectives of the Sixth General Programme of
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 8
Work of WHO covering the period 1978-1983 are to be attained. Although the programme of health manpower development is divided into three sub~programme8 (manpower planning and management; promotion of training for all categories of health staff; educational development and support), the problems identified from analysis of the regional situation can be classed in four areas: (l) (2) (3) (4) policy; planning; operations; technology.
Specific problema in these areas that require concerted efforts are a. follows: (1) Policy lack of integrated national health manpower poliCies leading to coherent health syst... ; lack of policies on the health team concept including the training and employment of auxiliaries and aides, whose proper use can contribute to the solution of certain health ma~~ower problems; lack of policies which recognize teaching as a skill which has to be acquited through adequate preparation; lack of policies to monitor continuing efficiency of health workers; lack of policies which require the provision of continuing education for all health workers; lack of policies to control undesirable migration of health professionals; lack of policies which define service conditions and patterns of career development for all categories of health personnel; (2) Planning assignment of relatively low priority to the health sector and therefore the health manpower component, in national socioeconomic development plans; insistence on highly sophisticated medical care unrelated to present local realities;
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page
"9
inadequate availability of personnel to deliver basic health services to the entire population; maldistribution of available manpower, favouring urban populations; inadequate planning of the establishment of institutions for manpower development including those for teacher training; (3) Operations inadequate collaboration between those responsible for training health personnel and those responsible for health care delivery; lack of resource materials in national languages; poor definition of roles of different categories of health personnel, leading to inappropriate curriculum development; existence of curricula for health professionals which are at present excessively controlled by professionals, rather than by service needs, and are often of a standard which prevents accessibility of nationals to training; employment of graduates who are often unable to function optimally due to lack of relevance of their training to the working environment; inadequate preparation of teachers of health personnel; (4) Technology placement of undue emphasis on conservative and traditional methods of training of classical categories of health personnel; existence of a hostile attitude on the part of some influential groups to the introduction of innovative processes; existence of many training programmes that have been adopted wholesale from models of developed nations; insufficient use of innovative teaching approaches and student evaluation techniques.
-
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 10
2. 2.1 2.1.1
OBJECTIVES
Objectives of the Sixth General Programme of Work of WHO Broad objectives These are: To promote the development of appropriate health personnel to meet the needs of entire populations; To promote the development and application of relevant processes for basic and continuing education.
2.1.2
Specific objectives
Under the above broad objectives and in relation to problems identified in the Region, specific objectives have been formulated as follows: A. Manpower planning and management to meet health service requirements The objectives under this heading are as follows: A.I To promote and cooperate in establishing mechanisms for closer collaboration betweeen national agencies responsible for training health personnel and those responsible for the delivery of health care, to ensure greater relevance in the development of health manpower. A.2 To promote the development of integrated national health manpower plans and policies, including provisions on appropriate conditions of service and career development patterns for different categories of health personnel, leading to coherent systems for the delivery of health care to the entire popUlation; A.3 To promote and cooperate in the formulation of policies and facilities for continuing education of health workers; B. Promotion of training for all categories of health staff
B.l To promote and cooperate in the production of adequate numbers and categories of health personnel and in the development of health teams, including auxiliaries and aides, to deliver services to entire populations; B.2 To promote the application of task-oriented teaching approaches especially for health workers of middle and lower levels;
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 11
C.
Educational development and support
C.l To promote and cooperate in the application of educational planning to the formulation of relevant curricula for health personnel; C.2 To promote and cooperate in the development of resource material for training of health workers in national languages; C.3 To promote and cooperate in formulation of policies which require the adequate preparation of teachers of health personnel;
-
C.4 To promote and collaborate in the establishment of institutions for the preparation of teachers of health personnel. 3. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROGRAMME, APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES
3.1
Possible approaches to be used in the attainment of targets
It is understood that the following classical WHO approaches will remain important: (1) to participate directly with countries/areas through longterm advisory services; (2) (3) (4) (5) to provide consultants; to conduct group activities for exchange of information; to disseminate information; to provide fellowships;
3.1.1 In relation to programme area A, Manpower planning and management to promote integration of the planning, production and management of health manpower, including environmental health staff, within a coherent system responsive to national needs, as well as the evaluation of this system; to participate in the development, trial and dissemination of information on suitable methods for determining health team requirements, including the definition of distribution of duties within the teams; to participate in defining balanced staffing patterns for health services at all levels, including patterns for health teams;
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 12
to prepare guidelines on the analysis and formulation of health manpower policies, planning and management as well as the development of health teams in the delivery of health services. to expand considerably the internal programme of staff development and training, paying particular attention to training in the planning, management and evaluation of health programmes as well as to training in specific technical areas in which there is a lack of suitably trained personnel; to act in collaboration with other international organizations, especially the International Labour Organisation, in order to improve the international classification of health manpower; to encourage the integration of health manpower planning into the overall process of socioeconomic development planning; to promote collaboration and closer relations between those responsible for the training of health personnel and those responsible for health services; to encourage coordination of the efforts of health and education ministries and more generally of all concerned with education, in order to solve health manpower problems; to encourage the application of national poliCies for attracting and retaining health manpower in deprived areas; to promote the introduction of career development and continuing education for all categories of health personnel in order to improve their performance through education relevant to community health needs; to promote strengthening of the manpower component of national health information systems in order to maintain ongoing surveillance of the number and distribution of health personnel; to stimulate research in order to develop a better understanding of the motivation, satisfaction, morale and sense of social responsibility of health workers, particularly in rural areas, so as to appreciate their aspirations better and provide them with suitable career development plans and conditions of work; to encourage the public authorities to take adequate measures at the national level to combat undesirable international migration;
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 13
3.1.2 In relation to programme area B, Provision of training for all categories of health staff to promote the training of teams for community-orientated health work based on complementarity of the roles and functions of the various health workers and the members of the community; to participate in establishing criteria for improving the quality and quantity of the training of health personnel in existing establishments and for setting up new establishments; to promote the development of selection policies and the tapping of new sources of manpower within the community. 3.1.3 In relation to programme area C, Educational development and support to encourage and participate in the preparation of practical guidelines for the development of learning objectives based on task analysis, as well as guidelines for methods of curricula preparation, and in the development of teaching programmes and methods appropriate to the learning objectives based on the immediate and long-term needs of the population; to encourage the preparation by teaching staff, in consultation with staff of the health and related agencies, of standard curricula for the basic and continuing education of the various professional and auxiliary categories of health manpower and to promote the setting of international criteria to assess educational objectives; to assist in the development of training systems, with a wide range of methodology, in order to create and reinforce problem-solving and decision-making skills within the health team; to promote the development of a coordinated programme for the production, adaptation and dissemination of low-cost learning materials; to promote the development, adaptation and application of valid short-term, medium-term and long-term evaluation mechanisms for all types of educational activity; to prepare practical guidelines for the evaluation of training activities and processes and for the utilization of educational methods and media; to collaborate with interested Member States in the development of their own training processes and of research and training centres for teachers of health personnel;
WPR/RC28/6 Annex 1 page 14
to encourage and participate in the preparation of comprehensive educational packages for teachers and to promote research on local factors and problems that favour or impede the preparation or implementation of educational plans; to encourage the development and strengthening of regional and national institutions able to provide the necessary resources for teacher, advisory services, technical support and educational research; to encourage the development of training activities designed to familiarize multiprofessional groups of teachers and educational managers with educational planning methods, with teaching processes and with the management of educational systems, including mechanisms for the evaluation of teachers; to participate in the collection and dissemination of relevant data that may be needed for decision-making and for the preparation of training programmes.
4.
TARGETS TO BE REACHED BY 1983
Manpower planning and management to meet health service requirements In relation to specific objective~:
(1.2)*
4.1
Two countries/areas will have established functioning mechanisms which link national agencies concerned with health services with those concerned with manpower development.
In relation to specific objective A.2:
(1.1; 1.3)*
4.2 One country/area will have developed integrated national health manpower plans and policies for the provision of health care to cover the entire population. In relation to specific objective A.3:
(2.1)*
4.3
Two countries/areas will have introduced continuing education facilities for all categories of health staff.
*( )refers to the specific objective stated in Section 9, Health Manpower Development, of the Sixth General Programme of Work covering a Specific Period (1978-1983): WHO Official Records No. 233, 1976, Annex 7, page 83.
WPR/RC28/6
Annex 1 --'~-' page 15
Promotion of training for all categories of health staff In relation to specific objective B.l: (1.1; 1.3)*
4.4 Six countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. In relation to specific objective B.2: (1.1; 2.1)*
-
4.5 Four countries/areas will have adopted a task-oriented approach in training programmes for health workers of middle and lower levels. Educational development and support In relation to specific objective C.2: (2.1)*
4.6 One country/area will be able to develop resource materials in national languages for training of their health staff. In relation to specific objectives C.l and C.3: (2.1 and 2.2)*
4.7 At least 10% of teaching faculty in four countries/areas will have undergone courses in pedagogy. In relation to specific objective C.4: (2.1 and 2.2)*
4.8 Three countries/areas will have developed functioning national teacher training centres or units of health personnel education within training institutions.
-"
*( )refers to the specific objective stated in Section 9, Health Manpower Development, of the Sixth General Programme of Work covering a Specific Period (1978-1983): WHO Official Records No. 233, 1976, Annex 7, page 83.
5. 5.1
INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS, ONGOING OR PROPOSED, TO ACHIEVE THE TARGETS ENVISAGED FOR THE HEALTH MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME
II> :s "I~ ~ :s
:;: "'d ;:<l
rol~ ; ; " ' .... tv
...... 1
Target 4.1 countries/areas will have established functioning mechanisms which link national agencies concerned with health services with those concerned with manpower development. 1978 1979 ACT - To implement plan 1980 ~CT - To refine HSMD
--0'
(') ex>
PROJECT FOR MALAYS IA 1981 1982 ~CT
1983 CT - As for 1982
ACT - To establish HSMD institute as part of NTTC complex (reference: 5.24 page 39).
institute To conduct health manpower studies
JACT - To refine HSMD institute To conduct health manpower studies To adjust manpower plans according tc studies and findings
- As for 1981
INP - STC 3m/m
INP - Nil
INP - NTTC input if necessary ~UT - HSMD institute
INP - NTTC input if necessary pUT - HSHD institute modified Number of health manpower studies carried out Manpower plans adjusted
OUT - Plans completed
OUT - HSHD institute established
modified Number of health manpower studies carried out
---
ACT HSMD INP m/m
Activities Health services and manpower development Input Man/month(s)
NTTC OUT STC
National teacher training centre Output indicators Consultant (short-term)
( ,l. ,
;,
~,
-I
( 5.2 Target 4.1 countries/areas will have established fuDctioning mechanis.. which link national agencies concerned with health services with those concerned with manpower deve10pgent. 1978 1981
( INTERCOUNTRY aOJECT
1979 1910 ACT • To conduc t a ACT - To conduct o\C'l' • As fft 1979 regional workshop national on the HSMD workshops OIl concept for key the HSMD cOIlCept personnel in with the ala of health and es tab llshillg educational national , sectors (RnC) c~ittees to aeference: work out HSMD IDtercountry mechanis. (C'lY) project HHD/OO7 INP • STC 3 m/m INP • STC 3 m/m INP • Task force fro. RnC - organization resource persons fro. PDS and HMD units at WPRO - Advice frma HQ ~>t1T - Report of workshop issued
1982
1983 ACT - As for 1982
ACT • To convene a ACT • To cooperate in rqi0ll81 working further group to asseas evaluating HSMD effectiveness of links by the established and working group proposed linlts (CTY /Wl'llO) (WPRO)
I
IINp - STC
Manag_nt/ organiza tion speCialists 2 mi.
INP • STC 1 m/m
PuT •
Number of countries where workshops were conducted
pUT - Nuaber of countries/areas where workshops were coapleted
pUT • Regional working gToup created
OUT • Evaluation report on HSMD mechanisD at national level Assess.ent carried proposed out
~CT
- To plan or ~CT establish HSMD links in SOllIe couDtries/are.s oj the Region (CTY)
Recoamendationa of working group issued - As for 1980 (CTY) ACT - As for 1981 (tTY) ACT - As for 1982 (CTY)
INP • STC Management/ INP - STC 4 m/m organization specialists 4 mi. pUT • Nuaber of countriea/areas where BSMD links established Nuaber of plans drawn up ACT CTY HMD HSMD HQ
INP • STC 4 m/m
INP • STC 4 m/m
OUT • Sa_ as for 1980 OUT - Saae as for 1980 OUT • As for 1980
INP m/m
Activities Country/area Health manpower development Health services and manpower develo,.ent WHO Headquarters Input Han/month(s)
Output indicators ProgTa... deve1~nt and support IlTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney STC Consultant (short-tera) WPltO WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out. OUT
PIlS
." (JQ
II>
>:c
g;3
'" .... lC r. ..... ..... ...,
~ ~
-'JC
-0 :> ~ Il> :3 "ll QQ (1) :3 ~ " -..... .....
00 .... ,..,
x " C')
-.....
00
5.3
Target 4.1 countries/areas will have established functioning mechanisms which link ~al agencies concerned with health services with those concerned with manpower development 1978 1979 1980 1981
a-
INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT 1982 1983
~CT
- To plan a regional ACT - To conduct regional seminar seminar on on education and education and health care health care
ACT - World conference on education and health care
ACT - To carry out ACT - As for 1981 follow-up activities based on the recommendations of the conference INP - WFME inpu t WHO input
ACT - As for 1982
INP - WFME sponsorship INP - WFME input WHO input WHO co-sponsorship Host government or agency input ~UT
INP - WFME input Host government or agency input
- Seminar plans drawn up
OUT - Seminar report issued A strategy for action formulate~
OUT - Conference report OUT - Number of issued activities carried out
--
----
------
ACT INP
Activities Input
OUT WFME
Output indicators World Federation for Medical Education
(
( ~,
,-
...
(
(
5.4
Ta-rget 4.2 countries/areas will have integrated national health manpower plans and policies for the provision of health care to cover the entire population. 1978 1979 1980 ACT - To conduct a regional seminar on health manpower planning (WPRO) To draft or adopt health _npower policies in some countries/areas 1981 ACT - To expand planning activities (CTY/WPRO)
INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT 1982 1983
I
~CT
- To convene a ACT - As for 1978 working group to ltudy adaptation of CHP ~thodo10gy and to strengthen hea 1th aaapower planning component in CHP (WPRO) To review . . thodoiogies for ~itoring health _npower requireJlenu (WPRO)
ACT - As for 1981 (CTY/ ACT - As for 1982 WPRO) To evaluate validity of metho~ology I I
!NP - 6 temporary INP - 6 temporary INP - STC 4 m/m advisers x 2 weeks advisers x 2 weeks (minimum) Manual on HMP from HQ CHP methodology from PDS unit at WPRO and HQ PUT - Interim working group report issued OUT - Final working group report issued OUT - Seminar report issued Number of policies drafted or adopted ACT CHP CTY lIMP
INP - STC 4 m/m
INP - STC 4 m/m
INP - STC 3 m/m
STC 4 m/m
OUT - Number of policies drafted or adopted
OUT - Evaluation report issued
HQ INP
Activities Country health programme Country/area Health manpower planning WHO Headquarters Input
mlm Man/month(s) OUT Output indicators PDS Programme development and support STC Consultant (short-term) WPRO WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out.
-0/> :: II> ::J "
~II~ ~ .... n \0 ..... t...) 00 0'>
--
5.5
Target 4.3 countries/areas will have introduced continuing education facilities for all categories of health staff. ONGOING PROJECT: PAPUA NEW GUINEA/HMD/OO2 1983
'0\> ~ g ;g ~ 0
rolro x -'" (')
'" ..... '" 0' --OJ
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982 ACT - To evaluate the continuing education programme To evaluate the basic nursing education prograume To modify and revise programmes as required
ACT - To continue ACT - To prepare at monitoring and postbasic level revision of nurses for admicourses as nistration, teach required ing and 1eadership roles in To evaluate the community health programme at the College of Allied Health Sciences (started in 1970) To plan and implement a programme of continuing education for senior nurses in education and service posts INP - Nurse educator x 12 m/m (RB) STC as required Fellowships INP - Nurse educator x 12 m/m (RB) STC as required Fellowships
ACT - To strengthen and ACT - As for 1980 expand the continuing education programme to include nursing and auxiliary personnel To develop short postbasic courses in clinical areas as needed To strengthen the basic nursing education programme for the preparation of general nurses and nurse aides INP - Nurse educator x 12 m/m STC as required for clinical courses Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 INP - As for 1980
INP - Nurse educator x 12 m/m STC
OUT - Number of
OUT - Evaluation report OUT - Number of in-
graduates from each programme
issued
service prograumes developed for staff and auxiliary nursing personnel Number of special clinical courses organized -----------------.~--.--
OUT - Evaluation report issued Modi fica tions made ,
_
...
--
.. -
I
ACT INP m/m OUT
Activities Input Man/month(s) Output indicators
RB Regular budget STC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
\ i, \,
( ~,
~1
"
( 5.6 Target 4.3 _____ countries/areas will have introduced continuing education facilities for all categories of health staff.
( INTEIlCOUNTRY PROJECT
1978
1979
1980
1981 ACT - To set up additional progra..es for peer review/ continuing education by countries/areas (CTY)
1982 ACT - As for 1981
1983 ACT - To conduct a seminar to review achievements to date (WPRO)
ACT - To conduct !ACT - To promote ICT - To conduct a national seminars establishment of a semnar on peer or consultations system to assess review or quality within six aonths quality of health care assess.ent of seminar (CTY) care . . .intenanee and continuins of efficiency of education (WPRO) health workers a~ provision of continuing education by distribution d relevant literature (WPRO) ~NP - HQ resources WPRO ~NP - STC 2 mlm INP - STC 6 aim for distribution Staff of HMD and Staff of HKD and lISD units at WftO lISD units at WPRO RTrC resources pUT - Number of countries/areas pUT ~ Seminar report OUT - NuIIIIer of sensitized to issued consultations' maintenance of s_inars efficiency and conducted continuing education ACT - To establish in certain countries lareas a system of peer review and legislation for continuing education of health workers
I
INP - STC 6 mlm IINP - STC 6 mlm RTrC resources Staff of HKD and HSD units at WPRO OUT - Number of
INP - STC 2 m/m Staff of HHD and lISD units at WlttO OUT - Seminar report
progra\lllM!s set up
issued
ACT - To initiate evaluation of programme effectiveness in some countries/ areas (CTY)
ACT - As for 1981
ACT - To modify existin, programmes (CTY)
(CTY)
INP - STC 3 mlm OUT - Number of peer
INP - STC 2 mlm OUT - Number of
INP - STC 2 mlm
INP - STC 2 m/m OUT - Number of
review systems set up Continuing education legis lation adopted ACT
evaluations carried out
progralllllE!s modified
CTY 11m
HQ lIS!)
INP RITC
Activitiea Country/area Health manpower develo~nt WHO Headquarters Health servicea development Input Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney
mi. OUT
Han/month(s) Output indicators SIC Consultant (short-term) WPRO WID Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out.
~::I'" (1)(1)
"'/> '" :c ... ::I "0 )(
......
C"l ....... N N
......
00
'"
5.7
countr ies/are as will have, where necess ary, expand ed Target 4.4 to prepare health person nel in numbers and types s trainin g fa~e identif ied by health planne rs.
""I> ~ ONGOING PROJECT: FIJI/HMO/OOI N N
III ;:I '"0 DO ;:I :xl
I\ll·~ n ..... N
; ;00
'" 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983
I
ACT - To cooper ate with ACT - To continu e paedia trician medica l school teachin g progranme by provisi on of servic e as well as teachin g in patholo gy and paedia trics INP - Pathol ogist 12 m/m (RR)
INP - Paedia trician 12 m/m (RB) OUT - Staff positio n filled ACT - As for 1980
OUT - Staff appoin ted
ACT - As for 1979 ACT - To develop medicm ACT - To modify curricu lum based assista nt on evalua tion trainin g report programme (first gradua tes 1977) To evalua te effecti veness in real life situati on INP - Medica l office r 12 m/m (RB) INP - Medica l office r 12 m/m (RB) INP - Medica l office r 12 m/m pUT - As for 1979
I
INP - Medica l office r 12 m/'m pUT - As for 1980
OUT - Evalua tion report pUT - Modifi cations made issued
-
-
ACT INP m/m
Activi ties Input Man/mo nth(s)
OUT RB
Output indica tors Regula r budget budget source . Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on inputs indica te
( I • I
( t, ~ ~\
5.8
Target 4.4 countries/areas have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981
{_~l
( ONGOING PROJECT: 1982
FIJI/HMD/OOl 1983
ACT To continue curriculum review To commence review other courses taught by Fiji School of Medicine
ACT - As for 1980 As for 1980
ACT - As for 1981
To undertake a curriculum review
INP - Full-time medical IINP - Project \INP - Project officer/project coordinator coordinator coordinator STCs in selected STCs in selected As :r,,'~;,ired fields 24 m/m fields 24 m/m - Lec tu 1'. cs in STC in hea I th STC in health medical, dental inspector inspector medical assistant training 3 m/m training 3 m/m training STC in laboratory STC in laboratory programmes 24 mlm technician technician per year training 2 m/m training 2 m/m - Initially lectu STC in nutrition/ rers in'physiology. HSD and lIMD units pharmacology, dietetics 6 m/m at WPRO anatomy biochemisHSD and HMD units try. orthopaedics, at WPRO obs tetrics. orthodontics - Lecturers for health inspector training 3 m/m - Lecturer in laboratory techno10 gy 2 in/m - Lecturer in nutrition dietetics 6 ni/m
INP - Project coordinator STCs in sel~cted fields 24 m/m STC in health inspector training 3 m/m HSD and HMD units at WPRO
INP - STCs in selected fields 24 m/m STC in health inspector training 3 m/m HSD and HMD units at WPRO
'- Dental therapist 12 m/m HSD and HMD units at WPRO - Nuniber of courses PUT - Number of courses taught I taught Number of courses Medical courses where content was reviewed/modified reviewed ~
~UT
OUT - Number of coursesloUT - Number of courses lOUT - Number of courses taught taught taught Number of courses Courses reviewed/ reviewed/modif!ed modified
~----------------------J-
______________________ ________________________ m/m OUT STC WPRO
i -______________________-L________--------------~------__________________l
ACT HMD HSD INP
Activities Health manpower development Health services development Input
Man/month(s) OUtput indicators Consultant (short-term) WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
I
'C ~
II>
()Q
:l '1:1 :l '" ~ ;;
:» :>::
~~ ~ ~
'"
'0
>
~
III ::I ::I " 00 10 10 "-
5.9
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary: expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981
N
C"'l J>-, ...... N
::c )( ::c (X)
ONGOING PROJECT: 1982
FIJI/HMO/OOl 1983
"C1\
-
ACT - To train national ACT - As for 1978 counterparts while visiting staff are in post INP - Fellowships 1 x 4 INP - Fellowships 1 x 4 INP - Fellowship 1 x 4 INP - Fellowship 1 x 4
m/m
INP - Fellowship 1 x 4
m/m
m/m
m/m
m/m
OUT - Fellowship train- OUT - Fellowship training completed ing completed ACT - Support of field activity INP - Minibus x 2 (one each for Lautoka and Suva) OUT - Vehicles provided
L--....~.
____
--
-
-
-
~-
-L..-----
--- --- ----
-
---
ACT INP
Activities Input
m/m OUT
Man/month(s) Output indicators
{ ;.
( \, ~l
(
(
5.10
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types ~dentified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981
ONGOING PROJECT: 1982
FIJI/HMD/OO1 1983 ,
ACT - To improve libra- ACT - As for 1978 ry stocks and services, inc1udTo train ing book procurenationals to ment and reorgaassume responsibilities nization/decentr41ization of exis ting services . in Fiji School of Medicine INP- Fun-time medica,! INP - Medical librarian librarian Grant for purGrant for purchase of books chase of books US$ 30 000 US$ 30 000 Fellowships for medical librarian training OUT - Librarian OUT - Library services
I I
i
I
i
appointed Number-of books purchased Number of -users of library service ACT INP Activities Input
reorganized Number of books purchased National librarian trained -
i ,
I '"C
OUT
OUtput indicators
00 ro
c:
>-
:::l ____ ~ ro
:l ."
~
x ;;c N ..... N " Vl
"" -0-,
5.11
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981
",;I>
PROJECT FOR FIJI 1982 1983
II> ;:l "C OQ;:l:xl ttl ttl -... l< :xl
:<:
N
(")
O't-IN 00
-... a-
ACT - To review public health nursing certificate course To strengthen the course by expanding the physical plant, increasing teaching staff and providing supplies and equipment
ACT - To provide supplies and equipment as for 1978 To develop an evaluation model to assess relevance of the programme to country health needs.
ACT - To follow up stu- ACT - As for 1981 dents completing courses, both To modify/revise national and course based on foreign the evaluation report
ACT - To develop a SY8tern to permi t continuous monitoring of relevance of the course to needs of service
I I I I
I
I I I
I I
INP - Fellowships in INP - Fellowship in INP - WHO staff based teacher preparateacher preparain Suva tion for communition and community health nursing ty health nursing Fellowships practice practice Books/literature Extra-budgetary STC to assist WHO US$ 1 000 funds for buildstaff based in ing Suva in developAudio-visual ment of an evasoftware Teaching equipluation model US$ 2 000 ment, books and literature Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 US$ 5 000 STC Intercountry project staff in Suva OUT - Supplies and equipment provided Number of additional faculty staff
INP - As for 1980 Books/literature US$500
INP - STC to develop monitoring system
, I I
OUT - Evaluation report OUT - Modifications OUT - Supplies and made of fellowship equipment provivisits completed ded
OUT - Monitoring
system completed
Evaluation model completed -----
ACT INP
Activities
Input
OUT STC
Output indl~ators Consultant (short-term)
( '-
( \. ~,
(
(
5.12
Target 4.4 countr ies/are as will have, where necess ary, expand ed trainin g facilit ies to prepare health person nel in number s and types identif ied by health planne rs. 1978 .'
ONGOING PROJECT: 1981 1982
MALAYSIA/mm/005 1983 ACT - As for 1982
1979
1980 A{;T - To review new, curricu lum and organi zationa l pattern
ACT - To review organi - ACT - To review and zationa 1 strucimplem ent ture of the Medirecomm endatio ns cal Fa-cu1ty of the Unive rsiti Kebang saan and the curricu lum for medica l studen ts Referen ce: 5.19 page 34 INP - STC 9 mlm (RB) OUT - Consu ltant's report s with recomm endatio ns issued INP - STC 2-111/m OUT - New admini s tra tive structu re set up Curricu lum modifi cations made
ACT -'AS for 1980
ACT - As for 1981
i
.'
INP - STC 2 m/m OUT - Modifi ea tions made
INP - STC 2 m/m OUT .- Modifi cations made
INP - STC 2 m/m
INP - STC 2 m/m
-~---.-~
ACT INP m/m OUT
Activi ties Input Man/mo nth(s) Output indica tors
RB STC Brack~ts
Regula r budget Consul tant (short- term) ( ) at the end ~f statem ent on inputs indica te budget source .
-0
~!::l I'D !') ::0 -.......
illl::l'1:l
i>
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-...
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5.13
Target 4.4 ______ countries/areas will have, where necessary. expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981
'tI:>
ONGOING PROJECT:
PHILIPPINES/HMO/OOl 1982 , 1983
I» ;l -.I 00 ;l ' "" Ib II) -
~
t-> l< "" n CO ..... N
co .......
'"
ACT - To continue deve-IACT - As for 1978 ACT - To ~ontinue eva- ACT - To initiate lopment of luation exercise changes in To evaluate the curriculum faculty of as well as deveInstitute of relevance of IPH lopment of IPH Public Health graduates to To continue IPH (IPH) national needs To coumence faculty dialogue with IPH development for curriculum revision INP - STC 6 mlm (RB) INP - STC for evaluation attached to Fellowships 4 x the Office of 12 m/m (RB) Health Education and Personnel Books for library Training 6 mlm US$ 5 000 STC 6 mlm as for 1978 (RB) Fellowships 4 x 12 mlm (RB) Books 08$ 2 000 OUT - Assignments undertaken Fellows trained Books purchased OUT - As for 1978 Evaluation started Teaching assignments undertaken OUT - Evaluation completed Report issued Dialogue with IPH started Assignments undertaken Fellows trained Books purchased ACT INP IPH mlm OUT Activities Input Institute of Public Health, University of the Philippines Man/month(s) Output indicators INP - As for 1979 STC for evaluation/dialogue 4 mlm STC 6 mlm teaching assignment Books US$ 2 000
ACT - To implement new IACT - To review relecurriculum vance of new curriculum To continue IPH faculty As for 1982 development
INP - STC for curricUlalINP - STC for IPH 6 m/mIINP - STC for review changes 3 mlm 3 mlm Fellowships 4 x STC for IPH 6 mlm 12 m/m STC for IPH 4 mlm Fellowships 4 x 12 mlm Books 08$ 2 000 Fellowships 4 x 12 mlm
OUT - Curricula changes lOUT - New curriculum completed i~lemented Assignments undertaken Fellows trained Books purchased Assignments undertaken Fellows trained
OUT - Review report
issued Assignments undertaken Fellows trained
RB Regular budget STC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out. Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
(
( ~
(
(
5.14
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training fa~es to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners.
INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT - GILBERT ISLANDS, SAMOA, SOLOMON ISLANDS, TONGA (AND POSSIBLY OrnER COUNTRIES OR AREAS IN THE "SOUTH PACIFIC) 1981 1982 1983
1978 ACT - To promote the utilization of auxiliary health personnel, especially medical assistants To collaborate in setting up training programmes (WPRO/CTY) INP - Full-time staff member Staff from other HHD/HSD projects Supplies and equipment US$ 10 000
1979
1980
ACT - To establish ACT - To review existtraini.ng proging t:raining ramme for medical programme assistants Continue (CTY) As for 1978 (CTY)
ACT - As for 1980 (CTY) ACT - As for 1981 (CTY) ACT - As for 1982 (CTY) To evaluate appropriateness of medical assistant training programme (CTY) To modify existin! programmes as required (CTY)
INP - Full-time staff member Staff from other HHD/HSD projects Supplies and equipment US$ 10 000
INP - Full-time staff member Staff from other HMO/HSD projects SuppUes and equipment US$ 10 000 OUT - As for 1979 Training programmes modified after review
INP - Full-time staff member Staff from other HHD/HSD projects Supplies and equipment US$ 10 000 OUT - As for 1979
INP - As for 1981
INP - As for 1982
OUT - Number of counOUT - Number of traintries/areas acing programmes cepting the use initiated of medical assistants Number of auxiliary personnel t"Tai;"~d
OUT - Number of auxi1iary personnel trained Evaluation report issued
OUT - As for 1982
Number of programmes where modifications made --
ACT CTY HMO HSD INP
Activities Country/area Health manpower development Health services development Input
OUT Output indicators WPRO WHO Regional Office for the '''estern Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carri~d out.
>: OO::l:;V N (") -o~N
VI>
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co ....... ;3\
5.15
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 1980 1981 ACT - As for 1980
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INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT - SOUTH PACIFIC 1982 ACT - As for 1981 1983 ACT - To convene a working group (similar to 1978 group) to review and assess the impact of collaboration over a fouryear period (WPRO]
X ::<'
'-..
0
""
.... '" co
n
--
~
ACT - To promote the ACT - To promote ACT - To implement national dialogue utilization of requests for WHO in order to auxiliary health collaboration formulate areas (CIT) personnel, for collaboration especially medical with WHO (CIT) assistants To convene a working group for senior nurse educators and administrators to assess the nursing/midwifery situation in the South Pacific and make recommendations for WHO collaboration (WPRO) INP - Task force from INP - Consultant serWPRO and WHO vices from WPRO staff from HMD/ or country/areas HSD projects in the Region Selected senior national health officers OUT - Report of the working group issued OUT - Requests submitted to WPRO OUT - Number of countries/areas implementing , progralllJles
INP - STC or long-term staff
INP - As for 1980
INP - As for 1981
INP - Task force from WPRO and WHO project staff Senior national hea Ith officers selected OUT - Evaluation report of ..x>rking group issued
--
--
.-
--
ACT CIT -:
HMD HSD INP
Activities Country/area Health manpower development Health services development Tnput
OUT Output indicators STC Consultant (short-t~rm) WPRO WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the 10cation/s where such activities are to be carried out.
( ~ ~
(
(
(
5.16
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have. where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types identified by health planners. 1978 1979 ACT - As for 1978 1980 ACT - To monitor the programme in terms of its relevance to country health needs Modification/ revision of the programme 1981 ACT - As for 1980
ONGOING PROJECT:
COOK ISlANDS/HMD/(J()l 1982 1983
ACT - To establish a bas ic nurs ing progranune suited to the needs of the country To establish a nursing advisory committee (if not done in 1977)
To prepare nursing /mldwifery teaching staff INP - Nurse educator 12 m/m Supplies and equipment including nursing literature ~NP
- Nurse educator 12 m/m SuppUes and equipment US$500
NP - Nurse educator WHO staff of intercountry project HSD/OO2 in Suva WPRO
INP - As for 1980
staff
OUT - Status of the programme Number of students! Establishment of the nursing advisor! committee ACT INP
bUT - Number of JUT - Student and graduates working graduate in health service attrition rate
OUT - Health status of population improved by nursing services Student and graduate attrition rate
.,,/ui
Activities Input Han/lllOnt:h(s)
OUT
Output
Indi~tors
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I»
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5.17
Target 4.4 countries/areas will have, where necessary, expanded training facilities to prepare health personnel in numbers and types ide.tified by health planners. ONGOING PROJECT: 1979 ~CT
oo::s~ (1)
II>
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LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC/HMD/001 1982 1983 ACT - As for 1982
N .... N
1.0>
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(1)
--
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1978 ~CT - To continue to
1980 I\CT - As for 1979 ACT ~
1981 As for 1980
- As for 1978 To review and modify curriculum
ACT - As for 1981
provide advice and service in the teaching of heaItl: personnel To review relevance of graduates to country's needs INP -.Adviser 12 m/m . (RB) STC 6 m/m US$ 24 000 (RB) ContractuaJ servi ces US$96 000 (RB)
• INP - 'Adviser 12 m/m (RB) STC 6 m/m US$ 27 000 (RB) Contractual services US$ 24 000 (RB) Supplies and equipment US$ 4 500 (RB) Local costs US$ 1 000 (RB) Fellowships US$ 41 100 (RB) NP - Adviser 12 m/m
;
.INP .. SIC 6 m/m
INP - STC 6 m/m
INP - STC 6 m/m Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 Local costs US$ 1 000 Fellowships
SIC 6 IJlIm Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 Local costs US$ 1 000 Fellowships
Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 Local Costs US$ 1 000 Fellowships
Supplies and equipment US$ 5 000 Local costs . US$ 1 000 Fellowships
I !
SuppUes and equipment US$ 4 500 (M) Local costs US$ 1 000 (RB) Fellowships US$ 27 400 (RB)
I
OUT - Curriculum modi- pUT -As for 1978 fled Number of classes taught Contractual servi ces provided Fellowships awarded Supplies and equipment provi~ -.---
lUT - As for 1979 except OUT .. As for 1980 no contractual services provided
,
.. ---~----.--
-
--
._---
-,
ACT
CTY INP m/m
Activities Country Input Man/month(s)
OUT Output indicators RB Regular budget SIC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
(
( ~,
( 5.18 Target 4.6 countries/areas will be able to develop resource materials in national languages for training of their health staff. 1978 1979 1980 -,
( INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT - SOUTH PACIFIC 1981 ACT - As for 1980 To evaluate learning packages by countries/areas (WPRO) 1982 ACT - As for 1981 1983
ACT - To promote nurs- ~CT - To develop se1fing/midwifery instructional teachers I abilit' packages by to use self-pace, individual countries/areas individualized instruction (CTY) To conduct a wor~ shop for senior nursing/midwifer tutors from schools in the South Pacific to introduce skills in developing self-instructional materials including modu1el (WPRO) INP - RTTC resources INP - STCs Teaching equipmen
I
I
INP - STC in development INP - STC in eva1uatiot of packages STC in evaluation
Library/literaturE Supplies and equipment for developing audio-visua 1 materials Fellowships for Fiji audio-visual centre OUT - Report of workshop issued OUT - Number of packages produced Teaching equipment Library/literatur Supplies and equipment Fellowships OUT - Number of packages produced Evaluation report i~~IIPci -~
As for 1981
OUT - Evaluation report issued
I I
I ,
I
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-------
-.
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;xl ......
(1)
)(
;xl
ACT CTY INP
Activities Country Input
RTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney "' STC Consultant (short-term) WPRO WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the 10cation/s where such activities are to be carried out.
'"
.... N
n ...... 00
'"
5.19
% of teachin g faculty in Target 4.7 At least countr ies/are as will have undergo ne course s in pedago gy. 1978 1979 1980 1981
ONGOING PROJECT: 1982
MAIAYSIA/HMD/OO5 1983
II> ::I "1:1 OQ::I:xI CD CD ___ >: :xl
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-P- ...... N
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Refere nces: 5.12, page 27; 5.24, page 39 ACT - To invest igate ACT - To introdu ce ACT - To review possib le links change s in Unive rsiti NTTC if with lum curricu Kebangsaan already organi zation organi zation and es tab lished medica l To improve skills curricu lum in rs teache of educat ional planning (CTY (RTTC) INP - STC 9 m/m (RB) INP - STC 2 mlm Fellow ships in educat ional planning technol ogy 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) 1 x 1 m/m (RTTC) Workshop in medi cal educat ion OUT - Consul tant report s with recomm endatio ns issued OUT - New curricu lum implem ented Workshop conduc ted Fellow s trained OUT - Possib ility of NTTC linkage Workshop conduc ted Fellow s trained OUT - Fellow trained OUT - Fellow trained INP ACT - As under 5.12 (page 27) To continu e develop ment of teache rs' skills ACT - As under 5.12 (page 27) IACT - As under 5.12 (page 27)
sic
2 mlm
Fellow ship in medica l educat ion 1 x 12 mlm (RTTC) Workshop in medica l educat ion
INP - Fellow ship in meINP - Fellow ship in di ca 1 educa tion medica l educat ion 1 x 12 mlm (RTTC) 1 x 12 mlm (RTTC)
-----
.. ~
--
--
---
-----
ACT CIT INP mlm NTTC OUT
Activi ties Country Input Man/mo nth(s) Nation al Teache r Trainin g Centre Output indica tors
Regula r budget RB Sydney Region al Teache r Trainin g Centre for Health Person nel, RTTC term) (shorttant Consul STC te the locatio n/s where such Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on activi ties indica activi ties are to be carried out. budget source . Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on inputs indica te
( ~
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5.20
Target 4.7 At least % of teachin g faculty in will have undergo ne course s in pedago gy. 1978, 1979 1980
countr ies/are as ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7 - HONG KONG 1981 1982 1983
Referen ce:" ,S.zi, pages 42 and 43 ,
,
ACT - To' continu e ' ~CT - As for 1978 ACT - As for 1978 consul tations and To underta ke conduc t of two review of existworksh ops 'for ing curricu la for Medica l Facult y health person nel as well as for "the Medica l and Heald To introdu ce Departm ent in sys tema ti"c medica l educat ion educat ional in Hong Kong plannin g INP - STC Z m/m INP - STC 2 m/rn Fellow ship for I x12 mlm (RTTC) "
ACT - To evalua te impac of the input to date
ACT - To modify curricu la as require d
CT -
As for 1982
,
'
"
,
INP - STC 2 m/m Fellow ship in medica l educat ion 1 x 1 m/m (RTTC) OUT - Number of staff trained Review of curricu la underta ken
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m Fellow ship 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) OUT - Evalua tion report issued
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m Fellow ship in medica l educat ion 1 x 1 m/m (RTTC) UT - Number of staff using educat ional plannin g Curric ula revised
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m Fellow ship in medica l educat ion i 1 x 1 m/m (RTTe) i
,
OUT - Number of "staff OUT - Number of staff from Medica 1 Filtrained culty and Medica l and Health 'Depar t Fellow ship study ment who attende d comple ted the worksh op Review of curricu la underta ken ACT INP m/m OUT Activi ties Input Man/mo nth(s) Output indica tors
RTTC Region al Teache r Trainin g Centre for Health Person nel, Sydney STC Consul tant (short- term) Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on inputs indica te budget source .
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5.21
Target 4.7 At least % of teaching faculty in will have undergone courses in pedagogy. 1978 1979 1980
countries/areas ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMO/OO7 - Singapore 1981 1982 1983
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Reference: 43 and 44
S.27, pages
ACT - As for 1978 ACT - To conduct two two workshops on medical education for the same group of participants for the University of Singapore Faculty of Medicine To conduct a nationa 1 workshop on education for teachers in institutions under the Ministry of Health INP - Task force from
ACT - To investigate ACT - To continue possibility of developing establishing NTTC national staff capability in educational To develop planning national staff capability in educational planning
ACT - As for 1981
ACT - As for 1982
As for 1978 To investigate possibility of combining university and ministry activities INP - STC 2 mlm Fellowship for degree/diploma study at R'l'TC l x 12 mlm INP - STC 2 mlm INP - STC 1-1/2 mlm
INP - STC 1-1/2 mlm Fellowship in medical education 1 x 1 mlm (RTTC)
IMP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
R'l'TC STC 2 mlm Fellowship in medical education I mlm (RTTC) OUT - Number of
Fellowship in medical education 1 x 1 m/m (R'l'TC)
Fellowship for diploma/degree study at R'l'TC 1 x 12 mlm
OUT - As for 1978
OUT - Possibility NTTC
teachers trained in the Facu 1ty Number of teachers in institutions under the Ministry trained Fellowship study completed As for 1978
established
As for 1978 I
I ACT INP
i Activities Input Man/month(s) National Teacher Training Centre OUT
mlm NTTC
Output indicators Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney RTTC Consultant (short-term) STC Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
( i ~
( Ir
"
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(
(
5.22
Target 4.7 At least % of teaching faculty in will have undergone courses in pedagogy. 1978 1979 1980
countries/areas ONGOING PROJECT: 1981 PAPUA NEW GUINEA/HMD/oal 1982 1983 ACT - As for 1982
ACT - To contin~e Medi- ACT - To continue staff ACT - To continue staff ACT - To continue cur- ACT - As for 1981 development development cal Faculty conriculum modificasultation on curtion as specified To implement new To evaluate riculum developin the repqrt curriculum changes underment and staff taken development folTo develop facullowing involvety skills in edument with the cational planning curriculum study started in 1977 INP - STC 3 m/m (RB) INP - STC 3m/m Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) OUT - Number of staff OUT - Number of staff in educational familiarized with planning educational planning and curriculum planning
I
I I
INP - STC 2 m/m Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC)
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m (RTTC) OUT - Number of staff
INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m
I
I I
I
OUT - Evaluation report OUT - Number of staff
issued Fellows trained
trained
OUT - Number of staff
,I
trained
trained
CUrriculum review completed
I
-
--
-
~-
ACT INP m/m OUT
Activities Input Man/month(s) Output indicators
Regular budget RTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney STC Consultant (short-term) Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source. RB
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..., X n
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5.23
% of teachin g faculty in Target 4.7 At lea~t will have undergon~ co.urse s in pedagog y. 1978 1979 1980
countr ies/are as
INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT 1982 1983 for 1982
wi ('")
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Cfj
1981
---'"
ACT - To modify nursing ACT - As ACT - As for 1980 ACT - To plan, organiz e ACT - To continu e ACT - To promot e the educat ion n implem entatio and implem ent a develop ment of a prograUllle under ze organi plan, To me program the of for llle prograIl g teache r trainin nationa 1 staff a ent implem and (CTY) prepar ation of programme to meet sibilit y respon for me program nurse educato rs the need for (CTY) of ation prepar (CTY) nurse educat ors nursing of nursing and As As for 1981 admin istrato rs midwif ery schools (CTY) (CTY) INP - As INP - 1 full-tim e WHO INP - 2 full-ti me WHO INP - As for 1979 INP - WHO full-tim e INP - STC for member staff s member staff staff member feasib ility study Fellow ships in collab oration As Fellow ships Fellow ships Fellow ship for with RTTC staff al nation STC for member (RTTC) evalua tion of nursing educat ion As for 1979 Teachin g programme equipm ent Library resourc es and literat ure OUT - Report of STC OUT - WHO staff appoin ted Number of nationa l staff appoin ted for programme (count erpart group) OUT - Number 0 f gradua tes from programme Input for develop ment of 2 monito ring system s OUT - As for 1981 OUT - Number 0 f gradua tes from Nursing educat ion nursing educat ion programme programme modifi ed Senior nation al ion educat g Nursin d returne ) (fellow programme evalua ted --
for 1982 for 1982 for 1982
I OUT - As for 1982 Nursing Admin istratio n programme evalua ted I !
.
I
ACT CTY INP OUT
Activi ties Countr y/area Input Output indica tors
Sydney Region al Teache r Trainin g Centre for Health Person nel, RTTC Consul tant (short- term) STC te the locatio n/s where such Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on activi ties indica out. activi ties are to be carried budget source . Bracke ts ( ) at the end of statem ent on inputs indica te
(
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•
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( 5.24 Tar-get 4.8 countries/areas will have developed functioning national teacher training centres or units of health personnel education within training institutions. 1978 1979 AC:T~To
( ONGOING PROJECT: MALAYSIA/HMD/0Q4 ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7 'l
CROSS REFERENCE:
!ACT" - ~ camp Ie te teas 1.
bi lity study on establishing a teacher training unit or NTTC in the Ministry of Health started in 1977 (see 5.1 pagE 16)
develop staff for unit or NTTe To conduct national workshops on medical education
rcr
1980
1981
1982 1982
1983
To complete necessary administrative action to obtain official sanction for establishment of the NTTe or un i t To develop plans for imp1ementatio~ To consult with universities on possible joint action and sharing of resources .NP - STCs 2 mlm
To commence transfer of all ongoing teacher training activities for health personnel to one authority
--t-o--plan activitieSjACT - To conduct ACT - To continue of unit/NTTC courses/workshops courses for teachers of To conduct To expand and health personnel training courses elaborate To develop under the auspices func t ions 0 f of NTTC further possibl{' NTIC/unit links with To establish university possible links medical with University fadii ties med ica I facu 1 ties
ACT - Continue as for
INP - Fellowship 1 x 1ZlINP - Fellowship 1 x l21INP - STC 1-1/2 m/m (RTTC) m/m STC 2 m/m (RB)
INP - STC 1-1/Z mlm
INP - STC 1-112 mlm
pUT - Unit/NTTC
sanctioned, plans developed, agreement with universities reached National staff recruited Unit forma lly established ACT
OUT - Number of persons OUT - Training schedule ,OUT - Number of qualified Medical education workshop completed Number of teaching activities transferred to one authority for 1981 drawn up Number of activities carried out Number of teachers trained Possible links with University medical faculties establ ished teachers trained Further development of links with University medica faculties
I
STC 2 m/m
joUT - Number of teachers trained
louT - Number of teachen trained Trained teachers assessed
INP r-:lr'r:..
Activities In[lUt }{an/rr" ,.t.("j
NTTe
National Teacher Training Centre
RB Regular budget RTTC Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney STC Cor:~dtant (short-tenn) Brackets ( )at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
tb " ." 1': " :0 ~ <l> ' v.J
"j> ~ >< n '" ...o-r..l ex: ''0,
0\
5.25
Target 4.8 countries; areas ':o.'ii l have deve loped functioning nationa 1 teacher training centres 01' U~) i Ui '.11' heal th personne 1 education within training institlltio"s. 1978 1979 ------~----r~
-;J'>~
ONGOING PROJECT/ PHILIPPI1~S/HMD/005 CROSS REFERENCE: ONGOING T17ERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7 1981 1982 7-
:oj:;,
~
JOI:J :;;:)
;C +'1 ,. . . r" n o (X) ~
-:i~
1980 ---------r----.
1983 ACT - To evaluate impac
0>
ACT - To expand capabi- ACT - To commence nego- ACT - As for 1979 li ty of NTTC by tiations for persupporting assomanent prorated To continue ciate staff, by suppor t of NTTC negot ia t i"Il'; providing audioby other schools visual equipment and by upgrading library stock and biliographic too~ INP - Local salary pro-IINP - Local salary pro- INP vision equivalent vision equivalent to that of 4 ful~ to that of 4 fulltime staff membe~ time staff memben in fields to be identified Audio-visua 1 teaching equipmIDt Audio-visual US$ 5 000 teaching equipLibrary stocks ment US$ 10 000 US$ 5 000 Library purchase Fellowship 1 x 12 US$ 10 000 m/m (RB) Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m (RB) Fellowship 1 x 1 m/m (RTTC) STC 3 m/m (RB) STC 2 m/m OUT - Staff appointed lOUT' - As for 1978 OUT Audio-visual I equipment suppli~ Library stock purchased Fellow trained Negotiations tor support commenced As for 1979
ACT - As for 1980 Country to assume res pons ibili ty for 'local :,;alaries
ACT - As for 1981
INP - As for 1980 t!xcept for local salaries Library stock US$ 2 000 STC 1-1/2 m/m
INP - As for 1981
INP - STC for evaluatio 3 m/m
Audio-visua 1 equipment US$ 5 000 Library stock US$ 5 000 Fellowship 1 x 1 m/m (RTTC) STC 2 m/m
Library stock US$ 2 000 Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m STC 1-1/2 m/m
Audio-visual equipment US$ 2 000 Library stock US$ 2 000 Fellowship 1 x 12 mlm STC 1-1/2 m/m
Fellowship 1 x 12 m/m
As for 1979 Negotia tions concluded Number of schools pledging support
OUT -
mber of fulltime staff appointed to'
OUT - As for 1981
OUT - Evaluation report issued
Library books purchased Fellow trained
ACT INP m/m NTTC
Activities Input Man/month(s) National Teacher Training Centre
RB RTTC STC Brack,'ts
Regular budget Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney Consultant (short-term) ( ) ,.:1t the end of statement on inputs indicate budget source.
( I t, ('
..
( 5.26 Target 4.8 countries/areas will have developed functioning national teacher training centres or units of health personnel education within training institutions. 1978 ~CT
(
ONGOING PROJECTS: 1981
REPUBLIC OF KOREA/HMD/oo4 1983 ACT - As for 19M2
1979
- To strengthen NTTC ACT - To implement plans To strengthen five provincial medic~l schools and libraries To strengthen Seoul National Univer!!ity as a postgraduate training centre '.
1980 ACT - As for 1979
ACT - As for 19MO
i982 ACT - Government assumption of responsibility for salary of local educator As for 1981 r
",
To establish a nationai medical, :edu~ation commutee to, e1a9,~ate ' development plans ,for the, project. INP - Full-time staff educator STC 3 m/m (RB) STC 3 mlm ,-Sa18r:1:'of local' . educa'toJ"s ' :rellowships for workshop 12 x 2 week~, (aTTC) FellowShips: - 1 x 12 months (RTTC) - 5 x 6 weeks (EURO/ AMRO) - 5 x 6 weeks - junior staff training fol' 5 x 6 months ACT AMRO EURO INP m/m NTTC INP - Full-time staff educator STC 3 m/m (RB) Salary of local educator Fellowships for RTTe workshop 6 x 2 weeks Fellowships: - 2 x 12 months (RTTC) - 10 x 6 weeks - junior staff training for 5 x 6 months !
INP - Salary of local educator Local costs US$ 10 000
INP - As for 1980 As for 1980 ;
INP - As for 1981
INP - As for 1982
Activities WHO Regional Office for the Americas WHO Regional Office for Europe Input Man/month(s) National Teacher Training Centre
'0
RB RTI'C STC WPRO Brackets (
Regular budget Regional Teacher Training Centre for Health Personnel, Sydney Consultant (short-term) WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific ) at the end of statement on inputs indicate budget soun:e.
1\1 ::I "d 00::1'" <1) II) .......
>
~
>C '" ........ ...., 00 ~
(')
'C1'
"'0 11>;j", 00 " r-J ;l '__ ~
>-:::
5.26
{continued) ONGOING PROJECTS: REPUBLIC OF KOREA/HMD/OO4
.,.. x := n N -N 00
'-... a-
1978 -
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
Local costs of workshop in medical education US$ 10 000 Supplies and equipment US$ S 000 OUT - Plans completed 1M)
OUT - Staff in post Fellowships implemented -Workshops conducted
staff appointed Loca 1 sta ff appointed Fellowships implemented Workshops conducted Supplies del1vered
OUT - WHO support fbr local salary discontinued
I
OUT
Output indicators
( : \; I
('
..
'
~,
., ( 5.27 Target 4.8 countries/areas will have developed functioning national teacher training centres or units of health personnel education within training institutions -
(
ONGOING INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/OO7 1981 1982 1983
1978 References: FIJ/HMD/OOl, page 22-25 KOR/HMD/oo4, page 41-42 HAA/HMD/OO4, page 39 HAA/HMD/OO5, pages 27 and 34 PNG/HMD/OOl, page 37 PHL/HMD/OO5, page 40 5.20 and 5.21, pages 35 and 36. ACT - To plan, develop arid implement teacher training programmes at country level (CTY)
1979
1980
ACT - As for 1978
ACT - As for 1979
ACT - To maintain inpul:l to activities at country level at minimal level
,
, I
I I
To create links between various agencies involved in health manpower production and utilization (CTY) To promote use of systematic educa tional planning in teaching health personnel (CTY) To provide train ing in education for teachers of health personnel (RTTC) ACT CTY FIJ KOR Activities Country/area Fiji Republic of Korea HAA Malaysia PNG Papua New Guinea PHL Republic of the Philippines Brackets ( ) at the end of statement on activities indicate the location/s where such activities are to be carried out. I I
1;1>~
III CJQ (1)
;:I ;:I
'" :;0 -....
~
x
(1)
:;0 C')
w ..... '" 00
-....
'"
5.27
(continued)
(JQ (1)
'01» : : III (1)
::l '" ::l ...... '"
J>- x '" C"l J>-_N
INTERCOUNTRY PROJECT/HMD/007 1978 INP INP 1979 INP 1980 INP 1981 INP 1982 INP 1983
00 ......
cr-
S.TC
llm/m
STC
12-l/2m/m
STC
7 -1/2m/m 9m/m
STC 5-l-2m/m 7m/m Fellowships 2x12m/m 4x1m/m 7m/m S & E as required
STC
5-1/2m/m 7m/m
STC
5-1/2m/m 7m/m
Fellowships 2x12m/m(RB) Fellowships 2x12m/m(RB) Fellowships 2xl2m/m 4xlm/m 4xlm/m(RB) 4xlm/m(RB) 4x12m/m 4x12m/m 4x12m/m S & E as required S & E as required 5 & E as required
Fellowships 2x12m/m 4xlm/m 4x12m/m S & E as required
Fellowships 2x12m/m 4x1m/m 4x12m/m S & E as required
Workshop 1 per year (RB)( Workshop 1 per year(RB) I Workshop 1 per year
Workshop 1 per year
Workshop 1 per year
Workshop 1 per year
OUT
I OUT
OUT As for 1979
OUT As for 1980
OUT As for 1981
OUT As for 1982
Consu1tantships under- lAs for 1978 taken Fellows trained Supplies provided Workshop conducted INP m/m OUT Input Man/month(s) Output indicators
End of development phase of project RB 5 &E
STC
Regular budget Supplies and equipment Consultant (short-term)
( (
( 4
.i
....
~
(
(
5.28
Target 1 •• 8 countries/areas will have developed functionine national teacher training centres or units of health pe..-::onnel education within training institutions
ON CO ING INri RCOUNTRY PROJECT / fill I 007
1978 T
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
ACT - To implement re- ALi commendations of the first meetinp, of the working on educa tiona 1 strategies held in 1977 (CTY)
-
! to conVE'n(' ,;('condi ACT - To i.mplemEnt: :.'f' ffit.=!eti.ng of tbe for 1970 (CI"~!
ACT
working ?rolq) (WPRO)
Tn convenfl ~ thIrd mpptinr>; iI!; for 1f!79 (VPRO)
ACT - To implement as £"r 1980 (er'!)
To review and madity reconullcoda.tions accordin~! to developments (C'[Y & WPROj
INP - Input from Inter- INP - STC 2
mlm
iJii:' - STC 2 m/m
country project! H}ID/OO7 and other country provisions OUT - Number of recommendations "j :111' 1 e;';1t~n t l- d
15 temporary advisers
15 temporary advisers
OUT - Recommendations revised
Report issued
i ACT CTY r \\~ n ~l.
:n';:: :;0 rt!!t ...........
-g!~ ~ ~
.. , i,
Activities Coun try! area input 1-1an/month(s) !<-
OIl!
OHt}~UL
!.:' .:·.".rs
'.Jl,-,
STC
~!PRO
Consultant I,short-term) Regional Office for the I,estern P"cific BLlckets ( ) at the "nd "f ~L.!~ement on actjvitic'" ).:di,-"~,·' are to be carried out. ~rno
0'
.' ~
I
':~
;c ('"";
r."j
v::
'"
L:le
la,';; t ion! 5 where such activities
~} ,..~ i"
., WPR/RC28/6 page 47 ANNEX 2 INDEX OF PROJECTS CONTAINED IN ANNEX 1, PROPOSED AND ONGOING, UNDER WHICH THE TARGETS ENVISAGED FOR THE HEALTH MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, 1978-83, MAY BE ACHIEVED Ongoing project COOK ISLANDS Proposed project Proposed project FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/001 FIJ/HMD/OOI
Section 5.16 5.11 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10
Page 31 26 22 23 24 25
-
FIJI
LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC MALAYSIA Proposed project
LAO/HMD/001 MAA/HMD / 004 MAA /HMD /005 MAA/HMD/005
5.17 5.1 5.24 5.12 5.19 5.22
32 16 39 27 34 37 20 28 40 41-42 17 18 19 21 38 29 30
PAPUA NEW GUINEA PHILIPPINES
PNG/HMD/OOI PNG/HMD/002 PHL/HMD/OOI PHL/HMD/OOS KOR/HMD/004 Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project Proposed project for Gilbert Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga Proposed project for South Pacific Proposed project for South Pacific ICP/HMD/007 (Hong Kong) rCP/HMD/007 (Singapore) rCP/HMD/007 rCP/HMD/007
5.5 5.13 5.25 5.26 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.23 5.14 5.15 5.18 5.20 5.21 5.27 5.28
-
REPUBLIC OF KOREA INTERCOUNTRY
33
35 36 43-44 45