2015 Issue No. 16 - Week 33 (as of 17 August 2015) HIGHLIGHTS Statement on the 6th IHR Emergency Committee meeting regarding the international spread of wild poliovirus The sixth meeting of the Emergency Committee under the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR) regarding the international spread of wild poliovirus was convened by the DirectorGeneral on 4 August 2015. The Committee noted that since the declaration that the international spread of polio constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), strong progress has been made by countries toward interruption of wild poliovirus transmission, implementation of Temporary Recommendations issued by the Director-General, and the overall decline in occurrence of international spread of wild poliovirus. The Committee acknowledged the strong efforts of countries in Africa to eradicate polio noting that no cases of wild poliovirus have been reported in Africa for nearly twelve months. At the same time the international spread of wild poliovirus has continued, with two new documented exportations from Afghanistan into Pakistan in 2015. The Committee was concerned that the Temporary Recommendations for international travelers of all ages are not being implemented fully in Afghanistan – particularly at airports. However, several countries are now requiring proof of polio vaccination from Pakistan and Afghanistan at points of entry. The Committee unanimously agreed that the international spread of polio remains a PHEIC and recommended the extension of the Temporary Recommendations, as revised, for a further three months. Based on the advice concerning wild poliovirus, the reports made by Afghanistan and Pakistan and the currently available information, the Director-General accepted the Committee’s assessment and on 10 August 2015 determined that the events relating to wild poliovirus continue to constitute a PHEIC. With regard to the concerns about ongoing circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus, the Director-General emphasized the critical importance of interrupting all poliovirus transmission, including outbreaks of vaccine-derived poliovirus for successful completion of polio eradication. For more information please visit WHO website at the following link: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/statements/2015/ihr-polio-17august-2015 40% 100% CHN 5.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 11.2% 7.7% 20.2% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 3.0
Polio Bulletin
Chart 1. Non-polio AFP rate (per 100 000 persons < 15 years of age), 2013–2015* 100%
Chart 2. Adequate specimen collection rate, 2013–2015
2.5
80%
2.0 60%
1.5 40%
1.0 20%
0.5
0.0 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15
0% 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15
* AFP rate annualized as of week 33
Chart 3. Percentage of reported AFP cases by number of polio vaccination doses, 2015
Chart 4. Percentage of reported AFP cases with pending classification > 90 days after onset, 2015
80%
KHM LAO MYS PHL PNG VNM
60%
20%
CONTACT US 0%
Expanded Programme on Immunization Regional Office for the Western Pacific World Health Organization P.O. Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines Phone: +63 2 5288001 Fax: +63 2 5211036, 5260279 Email: WPR_EPIdata@wpro.who.int Web: www.wpro.who.int/immunization
CHN
KHM
LAO
MYS 1-2 doses
PHL 0 doses
PNG Unknown
VNM
≥ 3 doses
Note: Priority countries were selected for the charts. Official WHO acronyms have been used for abbreviation: CHN (China), KHM (Cambodia), LAO (Lao People’s Democratic Republic), MYS (Malaysia), PHL (Philippines), PNG (Papua New Guinea), and VNM (Viet Nam).
Table 1A. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key surveillance indicators 2013 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate % % with investigated adequate ≤ 2 days of specimens 2 notification 3 ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date 4 Days since last report 5
2014 Indicators
Country/area
Poliocompatible
Discarded (Non-polio)
Total
> 90 days 1 # (%)
≥1
≤ 30
Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam Pacific island countries and areas Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
62 1 73 5623 12 1 48 155 7 12 18 277 84 7 459 8 6847
44 1 46 2225 8 1 167 25 77 8 9 30 378 72 6 231 10 3338
60 4 72 5758 19 1 28 161 9 8 12 272 88 8 361 15 6876
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3
2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
58 4 72 5756 19 1 28 161 9 8 12 271 88 8 361 10 6866
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5
0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 5 (33.3%) 5 (0.1%) Green Yellow Red
1.36 4.00 1.57 2.59 2.38 1.00 1.12 2.09 1.13 0.89 0.40 0.72 1.22 1.33 1.56 1.50 2.06
50% 75% 96% 92% 89% 0% 57% 73% 89% 38% 33% 60% 86% 75% 97% 67% 90%
83% 100% 93% 100% 100% 100% 93% 87% 100% 100% 75% 97% 98% 88% 93% 93% 99%
07-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 14-May-15 13-May-15 05-Mar-15 13-Jan-15 27-Apr-15 10-Mar-15 05-Mar-15 11-Mar-15 07-Apr-15 26-Jun-15 16-Feb-15 07-Jan-15 14-Apr-15 30-Jun-15
48
Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Report date is fixed as soon as all cases for the year have been classified Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO
Reached o r surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 fo r no n-po lio A FP rate; 60–79% fo r o ther indicato rs Substantially belo w target
2
Polio Bulletin
Table 1B. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key surveillance indicators 2014 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate 2 % % with investigated adequate ≤ 2 days of specimens 3 notification 4 ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date Days since last report 5
2015 Indicators
Country/area
Poliocompatible
Discarded (Non-polio)
Total
> 90 days 1 # (%)
≥1
≤ 30
Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam Pacific island countries and areas Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
60 4 72 5758 19 1 28 161 9 8 12 272 88 8 361 15 6876
44 1 46 2234 8 1 163 24 77 9 9 34 387 70 6 231 10 3354
27 2 30 2760 8 1 22 82 6 3 13 251 41 6 129 1 3382
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
23 2 21 1906 8 1 19 72 5 0 11 174 35 5 39 1 2322
4 0 9 854 0 0 3 10 1 3 2 77 6 1 90 0 1060
2 (7.4%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 152 (5.5%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (33.3%) 1 (7.7%) 28 (11.2%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 26 (20.2%) 0 (0.0%) 210 (6.2%) Green Yellow Red
0.97 3.15 1.03 1.95 1.58 1.58 1.44 1.68 1.05 0.53 0.60 1.02 0.92 1.58 0.88 0.16 1.59
22% 100% 97% 93% 88% 100% 82% 83% 100% 33% 38% 60% 83% 100% 95% 100% 90%
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 95% 74% 100% 100% 77% 97% 100% 83% 97% 100% 99%
14-Aug-15 13-Jul-15 04-Aug-15 12-Aug-15 05-Aug-15 15-Jul-15 10-Aug-15 14-Aug-15 04-Aug-15 30-Jun-15 06-Aug-15 14-Aug-15 15-Jul-15 05-Aug-15 29-Jun-15 03-Aug-15
3 35 13 5 12 33 7 3 13 48 11 3 33 12 49 14
Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Annualized non-polio AFP rate per 100 000 population under 15 years of age Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO
Reached o r surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 fo r no n-po lio A FP rate; 60–79% fo r o ther indicato rs Substantially belo w target
3
Polio Bulletin
Table 2A. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country/area Polio laboratory Total no. of AFP cases w ith specimens L20B positive L20B positive + NPEV only NPEV % % results specimens Latest reported Pending Pending positive for report date ≤ 14 days > 14 days ≤ 14 days NPEV ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ Sequencing 1 laboratory No. of isolates received Type 1 W ild Sabin VDPV W ild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Type 3 Sabin VDPV W ild Sabin VDPV NPEV 2 1
Negative
Pending ITD
% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 pending days of sequencing receipt ≥ 80%
Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China (total) China, Anhui China, Beijing China, Fujian China, Gansu China, Guangdong China, Guangxi China, Hebei China, Heilongjiang China, Henan China, Hunan China, Jiangsu China, Jiangxi China, Jilin China, Shaanxi China, Shandong China, Shanghai China, Shanxi China, Sichuan China, Tianjin China, Xinjiang China, Yunnan China, Zhejiang China, Chongqing China, Guizhou China, Hainan China, Hubei China, Liaoning China, Neimongol China, Ningxia China, Qinghai China, Tibet China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam (North) Viet Nam (South) Pacific island countries and areas Total
VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR PHI IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL
48 2 73 5694 334 41 213 121 354 278 332 150 535 267 319 190 54 95 397 29 205 411 27 98 267 189 73 206 43 186 137 88 31 21 3 19 0 25 164 9 5 10 342 88 8 216 136 12 6851
0 0 5 112 20 1 2 0 4 6 11 2 4 4 18 2 1 1 5 2 4 4 0 1 11 2 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 123
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3
3 0 12 588 26 0 27 8 47 57 37 7 61 37 3 27 7 2 39 0 2 42 3 5 39 20 14 23 7 23 18 3 0 4 0 4 5 4 1 1 4 13 8 0 30 16 1 690
45 2 56 4993 288 40 184 113 303 215 283 141 470 226 298 161 46 92 353 27 199 365 24 92 217 167 59 183 36 161 118 83 29 17 3 15 19 160 8 4 5 324 80 8 186 120 11 6036
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
97% 50% 96% 75% 83% 82% 92% 79% 81% 64% 69% 89% 80% 90% 79% 92% 66% 89% 83% 98% 55% 42% 93% 96% 51% 69% 71% 90% 76% 60% 85% 64% 76% 93% 75% 93% 100% 100% 100% 91% 100% 88% 97% 100% 100% 93% 100% 78%
3% 0% 14% 9% 7% 0% 10% 5% 11% 17% 8% 4% 9% 13% 1% 13% 11% 2% 7% 0% 1% 9% 9% 4% 11% 8% 15% 10% 14% 12% 11% 2% 0% 17% 0% 11% 18% 2% 11% 18% 50% 3% 10% 0% 12% 11% 4% 9%
14-Aug-15 22-Jan-15 02-Feb-15 13-May-15
VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC
0 0 10 307 45 11 3 6 9 12 11 6 6 4 44 4 4 2 8 6 12 10 10 6 24 8 4 13 0 6 19 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 13 2 0 0 0 0 336
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 72 10 3 0 2 4 0 2 0 1 2 7 1 1 0 3 0 2 4 2 4 7 0 0 0 4 9 4 0 0 4 0 76
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 106 14 1 0 2 3 7 6 2 2 2 15 0 1 2 3 2 6 4 4 2 7 2 2 7 0 4 2 4 0 6 0 122
0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 116 21 7 3 2 2 5 1 3 3 0 20 1 2 0 2 4 2 2 4 0 10 4 2 6 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 120
0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 11
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
100% 95% 91% 100% 100% 100% 78% 100% 100% 100% 75% 100% 97% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 93% 100% 100% 82% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 96%
13-Jan-15 13-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 10-Feb-15 16-Mar-15 12-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 11-Mar-15 16-Feb-15 14-Jan-15 11-Feb-15 21-Jan-15 22-Jan-15
PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL
1. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia) 2. NPEV growing in L20B cells
4
Polio Bulletin
Table 2B. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country/area Polio laboratory Total no. of AFP cases w ith specimens L20B positive L20B positive + NPEV only NPEV % % results specimens Latest reported Pending Pending positive for report date ≤ 14 days > 14 days ≤ 14 days NPEV ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ Sequencing 1 laboratory No. of isolates received Type 1 W ild Sabin VDPV W ild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Type 3 Sabin VDPV W ild Sabin VDPV NPEV 2 1
Negative
Pending ITD
% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 pending days of sequencing receipt ≥ 80%
Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China (total) China, Anhui China, Beijing China, Fujian China, Gansu China, Guangdong China, Guangxi China, Hebei China, Heilongjiang China, Henan China, Hunan China, Jiangsu China, Jiangxi China, Jilin China, Shaanxi China, Shandong China, Shanghai China, Shanxi China, Sichuan China, Tianjin China, Xinjiang China, Yunnan China, Zhejiang China, Chongqing China, Guizhou China, Hainan China, Hubei China, Liaoning China, Neimongol China, Ningxia China, Qinghai China, Tibet China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam (North) Viet Nam (South) Pacific island countries and areas Total
VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR PHI IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL
22 2 30 2733 152 18 78 49 166 153 151 74 273 155 124 91 28 52 205 24 75 188 27 62 107 97 54 110 19 89 40 47 11 12 2 7 0 21 69 6 3 12 358 41 6 107 84 2 3503
0 0 0 41 2 1 2 1 7 2 1 0 6 0 3 4 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 44
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 5 239 9 0 18 5 9 23 19 0 28 11 1 4 2 2 16 1 8 17 0 5 14 11 7 17 1 10 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 5 1 0 3 42 3 1 8 9 0 319
20 2 25 2400 138 17 58 43 147 127 130 74 231 137 120 83 26 43 188 23 66 151 26 55 90 82 44 93 18 79 40 47 11 11 2 7 19 64 5 2 8 300 36 5 91 68 2 3054
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 15 2 0 7 7 0 33
0 0 0 53 3 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 8 7 0 0 0 6 1 0 1 19 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 53
89% 100% 90% 97% 95% 100% 97% 98% 96% 99% 99% 100% 94% 97% 98% 100% 100% 95% 98% 100% 93% 92% 100% 98% 94% 93% 96% 99% 89% 96% 100% 100% 95% 100% 100% 91% 100% 99% 92% 100% 90% 89% 100% 100% 98% 96% 50% 97%
3% 0% 15% 8% 6% 0% 22% 6% 5% 12% 10% 0% 8% 7% 1% 3% 5% 4% 5% 4% 9% 9% 0% 8% 12% 9% 10% 14% 5% 11% 0% 0% 0% 8% 0% 0% 10% 6% 17% 0% 25% 10% 8% 8% 7% 12% 0% 8%
14-Aug-15 14-Aug-15 12-Aug-15 12-Aug-15
VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC
0 0 0 99 4 4 5 0 23 4 1 0 12 0 4 6 0 2 0 4 0 2 2 6 5 6 3 2 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 2 0 0 104
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
33 1 1 0 4 0 1 10 2 2 2 2 0 0 2 2 2 0 2 0 0 1 0 2 36
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
31 1 2 3 10 0 0 0 0 4 0 2 1 0 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 31
4 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
30 2 1 2 7 4 0 2 2 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 1 3 0 0 2 0 2 0 32
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
94% 100% 33% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 60% 100% 67% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 95%
20-Jul-15 20-Jul-15 27-Jul-15 08-Jul-15 20-Jul-15 06-Aug-15 14-Aug-15 13-Aug-15 15-Jul-15 11-Aug-15 31-Jul-15 11-Aug-15 14-Aug-15
PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL
1. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia) 2. NPEV growing in L20B cells
5
Polio Bulletin
Table 3. Laboratory confirmation of polio isolates from environmental samples in 2014–2015 1 2014 Country/area 2
2015 Type 3 VDPV Wild Sabin VDPV Discordant Total number Pending NPEV pending of samples ITD sequencing processed Total number of samples with polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 2 Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 NPEV Sabin VDPV Pending ITD Discordant pending sequencing
Intratypic differentiation laboratory 3
Total number of samples processed
Total number of samples with polio isolates
Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild
Type 2 Sabin
Australia China (total) China, Fujian China, Guangdong China, Heilongjiang China, Shandong China, Shanghai China, Xinjiang Malaysia Total
VIDRL Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC IMR
3 167 14 48 18 48 12 27 21 191
0 167 14 48 18 48 12 27 7 174
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
79 1 21 11 13 6 27 1 80
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
129 4 22 37 16 12 38 1 130
2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
115 0 15 47 23 10 20 5 120
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 10
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1. Based on year of collection of sample, if available. Otherwise, based on year of receipt at reference laboratory. 2. Only countries reporting laboratory results from environmental samples are included in the table. 3. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia)
Table 4. Vaccine-derived poliovirus, 2000–2015 Country/area Cambodia
2000–2009
2
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2006 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2009 (1 case) Total (27 cases) aVDPV2 (5 cases) aVDPV3 (2 cases) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (3 cases) cVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) aVDPV2 (1 case) cVDPV2 (3 cases) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case) iVDPV2 (1 case) ?VDPV1 (1 case) ?VDPV2 (1 case)
China
China, Hong Kong SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Mongolia Philippines Viet Nam
2005 (3 cases) 2005 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2004 (3 cases) 2003 (1 case) 2001 (3 cases) aVDPV2 (2 cases) aVDPV2 (1 case)
1. Prefix letter refers to the VDPV category: "cVDPV" = circulating VDPV, "iVDPV" = immunodeficiency-associated VDPV, "aVDPV" = ambiguous VDPV, "?VDPV" = pending. Suffix number refers to the poliovirus serotype (types 1, 2 or 3). 2. Refers to year of last VDPV case, and aggregate total of VDPV cases for 2000-2009
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Polio Bulletin