Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 514 28 December 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 18 to 24 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 24 December 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 13 November 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 24 December 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 18 to 24 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported. All four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 514 | 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 18 to 24 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region and no further cases have been reported since 17 December 2015. http://www.who.int/csr/don/17-december-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans. Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9) virus: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 18 to 24 September 2015, no new animal outbreak with avian influenza virus was reported, in the Western Pacific Region. For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 514 | 3 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 14 December 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_14_Dec_201 5.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —22 December 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 513 18 December 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 11 to 17 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 17 December 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 13 November 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 17 December 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 11 to 17 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported. All four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 513 | 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China On 11 December 2015, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) of China notified WHO of 2 additional laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus; one from Guangdong province and one from Zhejiang province. The cases, respectively, are a 74-year-old male with symptom onset on 19 November 2015, and a 60-year-old male with symptom onset on 20 November 2015. Both cases reported exposure to poultry. http://www.who.int/csr/don/17-december-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans. Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9) virus: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 513 | 3 Animal infection with avian influenza From 11 to 17 December, 3 outbreaks of avian influenza virus in birds were reported in the Western Pacific Region; two in Viet Nam and one in China. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam One new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in backyard quails was reported in Quang Nam province. The outbreak began on 4 December. In total there were 500 bird deaths with an additional 3,500 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19332 HPAI H5N1 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam One new outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry was reported in Vung Tau province. The outbreak started on 3 December. In total there were 1,900 bird deaths with an additional 40,100 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repo rtid=19360 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, China One new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in farmed peacocks was reported in Hunan province. The outbreak started on 7 December. In total there were 381 bird deaths with an additional 5,433 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19326 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 513 | 4 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 13 November 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_13Novembe r_2015.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —8 December 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 512 11 December 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 4 to 10 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 10 December 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 10 December 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 4 to 10 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 512 | 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 4 to 10 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region and no further cases have been reported since 11 November 2015. http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-november-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans. Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 512 | 3 Animal infection with avian influenza From 4 to 10 December, 10 outbreaks of avian influenza virus in birds were reported in the Western Pacific Region; Six in Taiwan, China (4 HPAI H5N2 and 2 HPAI H5N8), three in Republic of Korea and one in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N8 outbreak in poultry, Republic of Korea Three new outbreaks of HPAI H5N8 infection in poultry were reported in Jeollanam-do province. The first outbreak started on 13 November and the last one on 15 November. In total, 70,023 birds were destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19130 HPAI H5N8 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N8 infection in poultry were reported in Tainan city and Chiayi county. The outbreaks started on 14 September and resulted in 1,329 bird deaths with an additional 1,671 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19247 HPAI H5N2 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China Four new outbreaks of HPAI H5N2 infection in poultry were reported in Taiwan, China (3 in Pingtung county and 1 in Hualien county). The first outbreak started on 16 November and the last one on 24 November. In total, there were 12,779 bird deaths with an additional 14,099 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19227 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam A new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Quang Ninh province. The outbreak started on 7 December 2015 and resulted in 100 bird deaths with an additional 605 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19316 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 512 | 4 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 13 November 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_13Novembe r_2015.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —8 Decemberr 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 511 4 December 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 27 November to 3 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 3 December 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 3 December 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 27 November to 3 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 511 | 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 27 November to 3 December 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region and no further cases have been reported since 11 November 2015. http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-november-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans. Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9).This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 27 November to 3 December, 3 outbreaks of avian influenza virus in birds were reported in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N1 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam One new outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry was reported in Nghe An province. The outbreak started on 15 November 2015 and resulted in 220 bird deaths with an additional 300 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19195 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry were reported in Lai Chau province and Nghe An province. The first outbreak started on 19 November 2015 and resulted in 721 bird deaths with an additional 5,133 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19203 http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19206 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 511 | 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 13 November 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_13Novembe r_2015.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —24 November 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 510 27 November 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 20 to 26 November 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 26 November 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 26 November 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 20 to 26 November 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 510 | 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 20 to 26 November 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region and no further cases have been reported since 11 November 2015. http://www.who.int/csr/don/13-november-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans. Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9).This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 20 to 26 November, 10 outbreaks of avian influenza virus in birds were reported in the Western Pacific Region; Five in Taiwan, China, four in Viet Nam and one in Hong Kong SAR, China. HPAI H5N1 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry was reported in Ha Tinh province. The outbreak started on 16 November 2015 and resulted in 100 bird deaths with an additional 549 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19172 LPAI H5N2 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China Five new outbreaks of H5N2 infection in chickens were reported in the Taiwan, China (2 in Pingtung county, 2 in Yunlin county and 1 in Chiayi county). The first outbreak started on 20 January 2015 and resulted in 5,000 chickens deaths with an additional 13,959 chickens destroyed. These farms were put under movement restrictions. The pathogenicity of the virus was subsequently confirmed by the Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) as low pathogenic on 6 November 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19119 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 510 | 3 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Quang Ngai province. The first outbreak started on 10 November 2015 and resulted in 824 bird deaths with an additional 861 birds destroyed. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?reportid=19152 HPAI H5N6 infected wild bird, Hong Kong SAR, China On 17 November 2015, one H5N6 infected dead bird was detected at Kwai Chung area in Hong Kong SAR, China, which has a surveillance program on wild birds. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=19118 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 13 November 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_13Novembe r_2015.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 510 | 4 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —24 November 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 506 30 October 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 16 to 29 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 29 October 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 29 October 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 23 to 29 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 23 to 29 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 506| 2 Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 23 to 29 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, one outbreak of avian influenza virus in poultry was reported in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam One new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Quang Ninh province. The outbreak started on 19 October 2015 in Hai Ha district with 120 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=18954 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 506| 3 Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 15 Oct 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_15October_2015. pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —13 October 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 505 23 October 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 16 to 22 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 22 October 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 22 October 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus From 16 to 22 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China On 14 October 2015, the National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC) of China notified WHO of 2 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. The cases are a 55-year- old female and a 53-year-old male, with onset dates of 18 September and 21 September, respectively. Both cases had exposure to poultry and live poultry markets. No epidemiological link between the cases was reported. The cases were reported from 2 municipalities (Huzhou city and Jinhua city) in Zhejiang province. Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 505 | 2 WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 16 to 22 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, four outbreaks of avian influenza virus in poultry were reported, two in Viet Nam and two in Taiwan, China. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry were reported, both are Nam Dinh province. One outbreak started on 1 October 2015 in Vu Ban district with 1,130 cases. The other outbreak started on 10 October 2015 in Truc Ninh district with 2,080 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=18908 HPAI H5N2 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N2 infection in poultry were reported. One outbreak started on 29 September 2015 in Yunlin county with 681 cases. The other outbreak started on 9 October 2015 in Taoyuan county with 3 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=18863 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 505 | 3 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 15 Oct 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_15October_2015. pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —13 October 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 504 16 October 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 9 to 15 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 24 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 15 October 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 9 to 15 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 504| 2 For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 9 to 15 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Previously reported human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus based on information gathered from media reports (AI weekly number 503) have been under confirmation. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since the 16 July 2015, no new laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection were reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Further sporadic human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 504| 3 Animal infection with avian influenza Adding to the previous report, from 2 to 8 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, one outbreak of avian influenza virus in poultry was reported in Lao PDR. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Lao PDR An outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Xayabury province. The outbreak started on 3 October 2015 with 314 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8797 From 9 to 15 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, three outbreaks of avian influenza virus in poultry were reported in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N1 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam An outbreak of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry was reported in Kon Tum province. The outbreak started on 4 October 2015 with 2,685 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8831 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two outbreaks of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported, one is Thai Binh and the other in Tuyen Quang province. The outbreaks started on 8 and 9 October 2015 in with 2,000 and 316 cases occurring respectively. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8856 http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8851 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 504| 4 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 4 Sep 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_04_September_20 15.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/ H7N9 situation update (FAO) —13 October 2015 http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres/H7N9/Situation_update.html
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 503 9 October 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 2 to 8 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 24 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 4th of September 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 2 to 8 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 503| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 2 to 8 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. According to media reports from October 4 th , on October 2, Shengzhou authorities confirmed one case of H7N9. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since the 16 July 2015, no new laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection were reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 2 to 8 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, five outbreaks of avian influenza virus in poultry were reported, one in Viet Nam and four in Taiwan, China. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam An outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Lao Cai province. The outbreak started on 1 October 2015 with 1,800 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8776 HPAI H5N2 outbreaks in poultry, Taiwan, China Four new outbreaks of HPAI H5N2 infection in poultry were reported. One outbreak started on 20 August 2015 in Changhua county with 20 cases. Three further outbreaks have started between 5 to 8 September 2015 in Yunlin county; of those was one in Yuanchang township inluding 455 cases and two took place in Dounan township with 20 cases respectively. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8726 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 503| 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 4 Sep 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_04_September_20 15.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 502 2 October 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 25 September to 1 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 24 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus From 25 September to 1 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 25 September to 1 October 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since the 16 July 2015, no new laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection were reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 501| 2 Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 25 September to 1 October 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, one outbreak of avian influenza virus in poultry was reported in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam An outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Lai Chau province. The outbreak started on 29 September 2015 with 801 cases. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8747 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/programmes/en/empres.html Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 501| 3 Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 4 Sep 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_04_September_20 15.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 501 25 September 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 18 to 24 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 24 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 18 to 24 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally, all four cases were reported from China. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 18 to 24 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since the 16 July 2015, no new laboratory-confirmed human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infection were reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 501| 2 Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 18 to 24 September 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, four animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus were reported, two in Viet Nam and two in the Republic of Korea. HPAI H5N1 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry were reported. The first outbreak started on 6 September 2015 in Vinh Long province with 940 cases. The other outbreak started on 18 September 2015 in Ha Tinh province with 200 cases. HPAI H5N8 outbreak in poultry, Republic of Korea Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N8 infection in poultry were reported in Jeollanamdo Province. One outbreak started on 14 September 2015 in Naju-si city with 20 cases and the other outbreak also started on 14 September with 20 cases but occurred in Gangjin-gun county. For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 501| 3 For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 4 Sep 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_04_September_20 15.pdf?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1 WHO Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in the 2016 southern hemisphere influenza season—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/recommendations/2016_south/en/ Antigenic and genetic characteristics of zoonotic influenza viruses and candidate vaccine viruses developed for potential use in human vaccines—24 September 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/vaccines/virus/characteristics_virus_vaccines/en/
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 500 18 September 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus From 11 to 17 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 17 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A(H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 September 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus From 11 to 17 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A(H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China, of these two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A(H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_ July_2015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 500| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in China From 11 to 17 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since 16 July 2015, no new human case has been reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A(H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A(H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A(H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23F eb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 11 to 17 September 2015, no new animal outbreak with avian influenza virus was reported, in the Western Pacific Region. For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 500| 3 Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_ July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23F eb20115.pdf?ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 499 11 September 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 4 to 10 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 10 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 10 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 10 September 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 4 to 10 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China, of these two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf ?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 499| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 4 to 10 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported to WHO in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since 16 July 2015, no new human case has been reported to WHO. http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 4 to 10 September 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, two animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus were reported in Taiwan, China. HPAI H5N2 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China A new outbreak of HPAI H5N2 infection in poultry was reported in Yunlin county. The outbreak started on 27 of August 2015, with a total of 6060 cases occurring. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8563 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 499| 3 HPAI H5N8 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China A new outbreak of HPAI H5N8 infection in poultry was reported in Chiayi county. The outbreak started on 25 August 2015, with a total of 936 cases occurring. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8565 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal- health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 498 4 September 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 28 August to 3 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 3 September 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 3 September 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 3 September 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 28 August to 3 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China, of these two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf ?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 498| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 28 August to 3 September 2015, no new cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported in the Western Pacific Region. WHO is continuing to assess the epidemiological situation and will conduct further risk assessments with any new information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Since 17 July 2015, no new human case has been reported to WHO. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/18-july-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 28 August to 3 September 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, three animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus were reported in Viet Nam. HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in poultry, Viet Nam Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N1 infection in poultry were reported, one in Vinh Long province and the other in Ninh Thuan province. The outbreaks started on 24 and 29 of August 2015 with 1550 and 220 cases occurring, respectively. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8541 http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8553 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 498| 3 HPAI H5N6 outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam A new outbreak of HPAI H5N6 infection in poultry was reported in Quang Ngai province. The outbreak started on 20 August 2015, with a total of 8600 cases occurring. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8543 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal- health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 497 28 August 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 21 to 27 August 2015, no new cases of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported in the Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 27 August 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 27 August 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 21 to 27 August 2015, no new cases of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus were reported in the Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 497| 2 For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 21 to 27 August 2015, no new cases of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus were reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Over the past few months, the case numbers have decreased with the last cases of human infection reported to WHO on 16 July 2015. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 21 July to 27 August 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, two animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus were reported in Taiwan, China. HPAI H5N2 outbreak in poultry, Taiwan, China Two new outbreaks of HPAI H5N2 infection in poultry were reported in Changhua county. The outbreaks started on 1 and 8 of August 2015, with a total of 11 952 cases occurring. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8455 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 497| 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal- health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 496 21 August 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 14 to 20 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 20 August 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 20 August 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 14 to 20 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health is essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 496| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 14 to 20 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Comparing with previous two months, the infection case number is decreasing and no new infected province was reported. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 14 July to 20 August 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus were reported in Viet Nam and China. H5N1 HPAI outbreak in poultry, Viet Nam One new outbreak of H5N1 HPAI infection in poultry was reported in Soc Trang province with 114 cases. This outbreak started on 16 August 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8446 H5N6 HPAI outbreak in poultry, China One new outbreak of H5N6 HPAI infection in poultry was reported in Guangdong province with 1350 cases. This outbreak started on 6 August 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8385 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 496| 3 H5N2 HPAI outbreak in poultry, China One new outbreak of H5H2 HPAI infection in poultry was reported in Jiangsu province with 23,395 cases. This outbreak started on 3 August 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8383 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 495 14 August 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 7 to 14 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 14 August 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 6 August 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 7 to 14 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. The last case was from Diqing, Yunnan Province who passed away on 10 July and was reported from China to WHO on 11 July 2015. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health are essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 495| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 7 to 14 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Comparing with previous two months, the infection case number is decreasing and no new infected province was reported. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 7 July to 14 August 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus was reported in Viet Nam and Taiwan, China. H5N1 HPAI outbreak in birds, Viet Nam One outbreak of H5Na HPAI infection in birds was reported in Tra Vinh province with 1036 cases. The outbreak started on 7 August 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8350 H5N8 HPAI outbreaks in poultry, Taiwan, China One outbreaks of H5N8 HPAI infection in poultry were reported in Yunlin country. The outbreaks started on 28 July 2015 with over 1333 cases occurring in farms. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8316 H5N2 HPAI outbreaks in poultry, Taiwan, China Four outbreaks of H5N2 HPAI infection in birds were reported in Changhua, Nantou and Yunlin country. The outbreaks in Changhua County started on 29 July 2015 with over 8207 cases in farms. The outbreaks in Nantou County started on 28 July 2015 with over 225 cases occurring in farms. The outbreaks in Yunlin County started on 24 and 28 July 2015 with over 2195 cases occurring in farms. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8314 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 495| 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 494 07 August 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 31 July to 6 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 6 August 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 6 August 2015), Western Pacific Region. Country 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D C D Cambodia 0 0 0 0 4 4 2 2 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 8 8 3 3 26 14 9 4 0 0 56 37 China 1 1 0 0 8 5 13 8 5 3 4 4 7 4 2 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 5 1 52 31 Lao PDR 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 Viet Nam 3 3 29 20 61 19 0 0 8 5 6 5 5 5 7 2 0 0 4 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 127 64 Total 4 4 29 20 73 28 15 10 16 11 11 9 13 9 10 4 9 9 9 6 30 17 13 6 5 1 237 134 From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 31 July to 6 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. The last case was from Diqing, Yunnan Province who passed away on 10 July and was reported from China to WHO on 11 July 2015. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported, globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health are essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 494| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 31 July to 6 August 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Comparing with previous two months, the infection case number is decreasing and no new infected province was reported. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 31 July to 6 August 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus was reported in Viet Nam and Taiwan, China. H5N6 HPAI outbreak in birds, Viet Nam One outbreak of H5N6 HPAI infection in wild birds was reported in Quang Ngai province with 1200 cases. The outbreak started on 23 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=18290 H5N2 HPAI outbreaks in poultry, Taiwan, China Four outbreaks of H5N2 HPAI infection in birds were reported in Changhua and Yunlin country. The outbreaks in Changhua County started on 14 and 20 July 2015 with over 20 000 cases in farms. The outbreaks in Yunlin County started on 19 and 21 July 2015 with over 2000 cases occurring in farms. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&repor tid=18240 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 494| 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_201 5.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115 .pdf?ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 493 31 July 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 25 to 31 July 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 17 July 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 23 June 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 17 July 2015, there have been 844 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 449 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 25 to 31 July 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. The latest case was from Diqing, Yunnan Province and passed away on 10 July and was reported from China to WHO in 11 July 2015. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A (H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health are essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 493| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 25 to 31 July 2015, no new cases of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Comparing with previous two months, the infection case number is decreasing and no new infected province was reported. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 25 to 31 July 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, animal outbreaks with avian influenza virus was reported in Viet Nam, China, Republic of Korea. H5N1 HPAI outbreak in birds, Viet Nam One outbreaks of H5N1 HPAI infection in wild birds were reported in Vinh Long province. The outbreak started on 18 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8221 H5N6 HPAI outbreak in birds, Viet Nam One outbreaks of H5N6 HPAI infection in wild birds were reported in Nghe An province. The outbreak started on 12 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8215 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 493| 3 H5N2 LPAI outbreaks in birds, Taiwan, China Three outbreaks of H5N2 LPAI infection in birds were reported in Chiayi, Tayuan and Hsinchu country. The outbreaks started on 22 to 28 January 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8190 H5N2 HPAI outbreaks in birds, Taiwan, China Two outbreaks of H5N2 HPAI infection in birds were reported in Yunlin and Pingtung country. The outbreaks started on 13 to 14 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8188 H5N8 HPAI outbreak in poultry, Republic of Korea 110 outbreaks of H5N8 HPAI infection in birds were reported in Chongcheongbuk, Jeollabuk, Jeollanam, Gyeonggi, Chungcheongnam, Gyongsnagnam provinces and Ulsan Metropolitan city. The outbreaks started on 28 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 7319 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal- health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 493| 4 Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 17 July 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_17_July_2015.pdf WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1
Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 492 24 July 2015 Human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus From 18 to 24 July 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. From February 2003 to 23 June 2015, 237 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were reported from four countries within the Western Pacific Region (Table 1). Of these cases, 134 were fatal, resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 57%. Table 1: Cumulative number laboratory-confirmed human cases (C) and deaths (D) of influenza A (H5N1) virus infection reported to WHO (January 2003 to 23 June 2015), Western Pacific Region. From 2003 to 23 June 2015, there have been 842 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5N1) virus reported from 16 countries worldwide. Of these cases, 447 were fatal, resulting in a CFR of 53%. Human infection with avian influenza A (H5N6) virus From 18 to 24 July 2015, no new case of human infection with an avian influenza A (H5N6) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region.. The latest case was from Diqing, Yunnan Province and passed away on 10 July and was reported from China to WHO in 11 July 2015. Since May 2014, four human cases of influenza A (H5N6) have been reported globally. All four cases were reported from China and the most recent two cases were from Yunnan Province. Public health risk assessment for human infection with avian influenza A (H5) viruses Whenever avian influenza viruses are circulating in poultry, sporadic infections and small clusters of human cases are possible in people exposed to infected poultry or contaminated environments, therefore sporadic human cases would not be unexpected. With the rapid spread and magnitude of avian influenza outbreaks due to existing and new influenza A(H5) viruses in poultry in areas that have not experienced this disease in animals recently, there is a need for increased vigilance in the animal and public health sectors. Community awareness of the potential dangers for human health are essential to prevent infection in humans. Surveillance should be enhanced to detect human infections if they occur and to detect early changes in transmissibility and infectivity of the viruses. For more information on confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H5) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/en/ For more information on risk assessment on influenza at the Human-Animal interface, visit: http://www.who.int/entity/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2 015.pdf?ua=1 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 492| 2 Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China From 18 to 24 July 2015, no new cases of human infection with an avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was reported in Western Pacific Region. WHO is assessing the epidemiological situation and conducting further risk assessment based on the latest information. Overall, the public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed. Comparing with previous two months, the infection case number is decreasing and no new infected province was reported. Further sporadic human cases of avian influenza A (H7N9) infection are expected in affected and possibly neighbouring areas. Should human cases from affected areas travel internationally, their infection may be detected in another country during or after arrival. If this were to occur, community level spread is considered unlikely as the virus does not have the ability to transmit easily among humans http://www.who.int/csr/don/15-june-2015-avian-influenza-china/en/ Public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses On 23 February 2015, WHO conducted a public health risk assessment for avian influenza A (H7N9). This assessment found the overall public health risk from avian influenza A (H7N9) viruses has not changed since the previous assessment, published on 2 October 2014. To date, there has been no evidence of sustained human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. For more information on human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus reported to WHO, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/en/ For more information on risk assessment on avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, visit: http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf Animal infection with avian influenza From 18 to 24 July 2015, in the Western Pacific Region, animal infection with avian influenza virus was reported in China. H5N1 HPAI outbreaks in birds, China Three outbreaks of H5N1 HPAI infection in wild birds were reported in Hainan, Xizang (Tibet) Autonomous Region and Inner Mongolia. The outbreak started on 11 May to 9 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8151 http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8187 H5N2 HPAI outbreaks in birds, Taiwan, China Two outbreaks of H5N2 HPAI infection in birds were reported in Taiwan, China. The outbreaks started on 2 to 8 July 2015. http://www.oie.int/wahis_2/public/wahid.php/Reviewreport/Review?page_refer=MapFullEventReport&reportid=1 8133 Avian Influenza Weekly Update Number 492| 3 For more information on animal infection with avian influenza viruses with potential public health impact, visit: - World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) web page: http://www.oie.int/animal-health-in-the-world/web-portal-on-avian-influenza/ and http://www.oie.int/animal- health-in-the-world/update-on-avian-influenza - Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO) webpage: Avian Influenza: http://www.fao.org/avianflu/en/index.html - OFFLU: http://www.offlu.net/ - EMPRES: http://www.fao.org/foodchain/empres-prevention-and-early-warning/en/ Latest information on human seasonal influenza For the latest information on the seasonal influenza situation in the Western Pacific Region, visit: http://www.wpro.who.int/emerging_diseases/Influenza/en/index.html For latest information on the global seasonal influenza situation, visit: - Epidemiology: http://www.who.int/influenza/surveillance_monitoring/updates/latest_update_GIP_surveillance - Virology: http://www.who.int/influenza/gisrs_laboratory/updates/summaryreport Other updates Influenza at the human-animal interface — Summary and assessment as of 23 June 2015 http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/Influenza_Summary_IRA_HA_interface_23_June_2015.pdf ?ua=1 WHO Risk Assessment of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus 23 February 2015 posted on WHO website http://www.who.int/influenza/human_animal_interface/influenza_h7n9/RiskAssessment_H7N9_23Feb20115.pdf? ua=1