Safety and control of toxic chemicals and waster : agency terminal report (1989-1992)

W.O R L D

HEALTH

ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANT~

ORGANIZATION

REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC BUREAU R~GIONAL DU PACIFIQUE QCCIDENTAL

(WP)EHE/ICP /CEH/003

13 October 1992 ENGLISH ONLY

SAFETY AND CONTROL OF TOXIC CHEMICALS AND WASTE (UNDP Project No. RAS/89/063)

AGENCY TERMINAL REPORT 1989- 1992

Report prepared for: People's Republic of China Malaysia Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore

by

The World Health Organization Acting as Executing Agency for the United Nations Development Programme

TERMINAL REPORT SUMMARY SHEET Countries People's Republic of China Malaysia Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Safety and Control of Toxic Chemicals and Waste In-kind (not estimated) RAS/89/063 US$518 222 World Health Organization In-kind, estimated at US$115 000 Agency Terminal Report One World Health Organization

Project Title Total Government Contribution UNDP project number Total UNDP contribution Executing Agency Total WHO contribution Title of report Number of volumes Party responsible for preparing the report : Objectives (intended and achieved):

The main objectives of the project were: (1) (2) (3) (4) to delineate national priorities for chemical safety; to enable participating governments to optimize their existing legislative and regulatory frameworks; through training, to improve the technical, planning and managerial skills of national staff; and to promote public awareness and enhance the involvement of health and environmental protection workers in chemical safety related activities.

In general, the project objectives have been achieved. Since each participating country is at a very different stage of development in its efforts to deal with chemical safety issues, however, all of the objectives did not receive equal emphasis in each country. Outputs (sought and produced):

The anticipated project outputs included the following: (1) a written assessment of the country-level situation with respect to chemical safety; (2) preliminary project proposals for mitigating major problems identified in the assessment; (3) an established ongoing forum for coordinating chemical safety programme planning and implementation; (4) proposed upgraded versions of national legislation, rules and regulations; (5) proposed national plans for the registration and licensing of hazardous substances; (6) staff trained in overall chemical safety programme planning implementation and monitoring; (7) educational materials to promote public awareness prepared in national languages; and (8) community-level health workers trained in locally relevant aspects of chemical safety. Early in the project, it was recognized that the outputs had differing levels of importance in each country. Thus, project funds were reprogrammed from time to time to reflect these differences and emphasize those outputs most important to the countries concerned. Notwithstanding these differences, good results and progress were achieved in all of the project-output areas noted above.

Findings and recommendations: Some of the fmdings were: (1) The implementation of the project was timely for all the participating countries, particularly the People's Republic of China, Malaysia and the Philippines. In the countries; project activities met needs for development of their national programmes for the management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes.

(2) Most of the participating countries had just completed or were in the process of drafting major chemical safety legislation. The project was able to collaborate with the People's Republic of China, Malaysia and the Philippines in developing comprehensive toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes legislation. (3) The project complemented the chemical safety activities of WHO and other organizations which were planned or already being implemented. (4) In the planning stage of activities related to education/training material, it was learned that the United Nations Environment Programme was developing training materials for pesticides and household chemicals. Hence, the project concentrated on preparation of training materials for industrial chemical safety. (5) Coordinating some of the fellowship programmes with the institutions/ organizations that provided consultants to the project proved quite useful. As the consultants had first-hand knowledge of the country situations, more effective programmes could be planned. Specific recommendations are: (1) The project produced proposals for activities to improve various aspects of chemical safety programmes. Common areas of concern included: (a) the development of chemical safety information/databases and information services; (b) the training of professionals; and (c) the preparation of pragmatic chemical safety guidelines and manuals. These proposals should be further developed and implemented by governments, with the support of UNDP, WHO and others where appropriate. (2) Although substantial development of chemical safety legislation has been achieved, further work is needed in most countries. Legislation must be underpinned by detailed regulatory guidelines and must include address import, export and international trade issues. (3) The training of professionals to deal with chemical safety problems is crucial to the further development of national c~pabilities. Systematic training programmes should be developed to include: (a) on-the-job-training for today's workers; (b) university-level training for tomorrow's professionals; and (c) awareness training for the general public. ( 4) Although all countries involved in the project recognize the need for emergency response, few have an adequate capability. Governments should give priority to establishing appropriate means of responding to chemical emergencies. Lessons learned: (1) While the chemical safety activity areas targeted by the project were correct and reflected common areas of concern, the degree to which they reflected each individual country's most pressing needs differed. Thus, some of the activities originally planned (e.g., translation of chemical safety documents, fellowships, review of legislation, and technical studies) were not required by some countries as they had already been implemented or the focus of their programme development had shifted. (2) The approach to conducting a technical study on chemical safety problems originally envisaged was to provide a consultant for a few weeks to initiate the study. However, this approach was found to be not very useful because the countries wanted or needed consultancy services throughout the study, not just at the initial stage.

(3) Both UNDP and WHO underestimated the time required to get endorsement of the fmal project document by the participating countries. This resulted in a 6-8 month delay in the beginning of substantive work (from the latter part of 1989 when the two agencies signed the document to mid-1990 when the final country endorsement was received).

Place and date of publication Total print-run Languages Date transmitted to the recipients

Manila, Philippines 13 October 1992

70 English only

CONTENTS

1.

INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background.................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Overall project evaluation........................................................................................... 1

2.

DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS AND IMMEDIATE PROBLEMS ATTACKED 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 General issues................................................................................................................ People's Republic of China......................................................................................... Republic of Korea......................................................................................................... Malaysia.......................................................................................................................... The Philippines.............................................................................................................. Singapore........................................................................................................................ 2 3 3 4 5 5

3.

OUTPUTS PRODUCED AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED............................. 6 3.1 Anticipated project outputs......................................................................................... 6 3.2 Assessment of projects outputs.................................................................................. 7

4.

OBJECTIVES ACHIEVED OR LIKELY TO BE ACHIEVED IN THE NEAR FUTURE................................................................................................................................ 10 4.1 Project objectives ......................................................................................................... 10 4.2 Assessing achievement of the objectives.................................................................. 11

5.

FINDINGS AND LESSONS LEARNED ....................................................................... 13 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 Timing of the project................................................................................................... Chemical safety legislation ......................................................................................... Coordination with ongoing activities of WHO and others ................................... Technical study ............................................................................................................. Educational/training material ................................................................................... Fellowship training ...................................................................................................... 13 13 13 14 14 14

6.

RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................... 14 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 Implementation of proposals ..................................................................................... Further refinement of chemical safety legislation ................................................. Human resource development .................................................................................. Emergency response capability ................................................................................. 14 15 15 15

REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................... 16 ANNEXES: ANNEX 1 - PROJECT DOCUMENT- RAS/89/063 ............................................. 17 ANNEX 2 - PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENT FOCAL POINT AGENCIES AND PERSONNEL, AND DATES OF PROJECf ENDORSEMENT ................................................................ 53

1. INTRODUCfiON

1.1

Background

The overall aim of this intercountry project (RAS/89 /063 - Safety and Control of Toxic Chemicals and Waste) was to enhance national capabilities for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes and pr?viding protection against associated environmental health hazards. It was initiated in 1989 in response to increasing concern in the region over environmental health problems associated with the manufacture, use, transport, and disposal of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. The project, which was initially scheduled to run for two years (1989-91), was fmanced largely by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) with funds of approximately US$500 000. The World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WPR) was the Executing Agency for this environmental health (pollution control) project, and contributed about US$150 000 of in-kind input. Substantial in-kind input was also contributed by the participating governments. A listing of the participating government focal point agencies and personnel, and the dates of their endorsement of the fmal project document is provided in Annex 2. Project efforts were directed towards strengthening the legal and technical capabilities of the responsible institutions, developing measures to mitigate specific problems, and training and developing human resources. Specific activities included providing consultancy support to assess existing legislative frameworks; preparing model regulations and guidelines; undertaking technical studies of particular problem situations; conducting training; and preparing educational material. Additionally, fellowship training opportunities were provided to national staff, and regional and national workshops were held to delineate problems and priorities and to train staff. 1.2 Overall project evaluation

The project proved to be very timely in addressing problems of growing concern in the participating countries. In general, the project objectives and the anticipated outputs have been achieved. However, early in the project it became evident that each participating country was at a very different stage of development in its efforts to deal with chemical safety issues. Therefore, all of the objectives did not receive equal emphasis in each country, or, for that matter, the emphasis that was envisioned in the initial project document. Nevertheless, it was possible to make appropriate adjustments along the way, and, in the final analysis, the project has made a substantial contribution to the stated development objective of ensuring "timely development and implementation of practicable, comprehensive national and regional programmes for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes and protecting the population against associated environmental health hazards". (1)

!Environmental Health (Pollution control); United Nations Development Programme (UNDP); Intercountry Project of the Governments of the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea, and Singapore; Executing Agency, World Health Organization- WHO (Western Pacific Regional Office); project document signed by WHO on 8 September 1988 and by UNDP on 6 June 1989 (Annex 1).

-2-

It should be recognized, however, that the project is only a starting point. Notwithstanding the significant positive impact that has been made on identifying problems, prioritizing them, equipping people to develop better solutions, and raising general levels of awareness, many of the actual physical problems still remain. Much work remains to the done, and effective solutions must be developed and implemented by and in collaboration with national and local officials; they cannot be imposed from the outside.

2. DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS AND IMMEDIATE PROBLEMS AITACKED

2.1

General issues

Chemical safety and hazardous waste issues have become increasingly prominent in the Western Pacific Region over the last decade in the face of rapid industrialization and economic growth. While the importance of industrial and agricultural chemicals in the developing national economies of Member States should not be underestimated, the extent of detriment to human health, ecological damage, and the resultant economic losses have not been adequately assessed. Nevertheless, it is clear that toxic chemical exposures have created a situation serious enough to compromise national and regional development. Most Member States in the Region have not been successful in their efforts to coordinate the multitude of chemical-safety-related activities undertaken among the different responsible agencies and sectors. Poor communications, particularly with regard to planning and development activities, seriously impede the implementation of effective control programmes. In general, the number of staff available to deal with chemical safety problems is inadequate, and many, particularly decision-makers and enforcement personnel, lack the necessary training and information to implement com·prehensive control strategies effectively. The general population is frequently uninformed about the dangers of the substances to which they are exposed, the various routes of exposure and the associated risks. Most countries in the Region do not have specific programmes for the control of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes; or, where legislation exists, institutional development is not suffiCient to control the manufacture, registration, labelling, packaging, marketing, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. The lack of definitive policy related to the coordination of intersectoral activities, and the general lack of involvement by planning and development sectors in chemical safety issues are serious handicaps to the implementation of preventive programmes. Health agencies do not appear to be taking the necessary leading role in chemical safety or hazardous waste control, and this frequently results in serious neglect in the area of environmental health. Generally, poison control centres have not been developed, and few provisions exist for chemical emergencies or the evaluation of risk for chemicals. In general, implementation of this project has enhanced national efforts: {1) to identify and prioritize toxic chemical and hazardous waste problems;

(2) to establish appropriate legal, institutional, technical and procedural frameworks and methodologies for managing toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes;

-3-

(3) to facilitate the transfer of technical know-how, planning and management skills from developed to developing countries; (4) (5) to exchange information and train additional personnel; and to delineate future programme needs.

The specific situation is different in each participating country with respect to chemical safety programme development and implementation. Thus, the emphasis of project activities varied from country to country. 2.2 People's Republic of China

The annual generation of industrial hazardous waste in China is es~imated to be 20 million tons, and includes chromium residue; phosphorous slurry, cyanide slug; spent mercury and other catalysts; distillation organic chlorides; slurry from aluminium manufacturing; metallurgical slag from copper, zinc, and lead smelting; waste acids from the iron and steel industries; spent capacitors containing PCBs; alkali and acid slurry from the petroleum industry; and many unidentified hazardous wastes. About 70% of the 20 million tons is generated by the chemical industry. This industry is relatively well developed in China, producing over 37 000 chemicals and chemical compounds which are primarily for domestic consumption. At the outset of the project, it was determined that attention should be directed towards the following problem areas and needs: (1) the need for comprehensive legislation for chemical safety and hazardous waste management, and an associated rational regulatory framework to guide implementation; (2) the need to develop environmental education and training activities focusing on specific problem areas; (3) the identification and/or development of appropriate treatment technologies to resolve specific problems (including the development of treatment or disposal facilities); (4) the improvement of communication and coordination among the diverse government agencies dealing with the safety, public health and environmental quality issues associated with toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes; and, (5) the need to promote waste minimization and clean technologies as an integral part of the industrial and economic development process. (2) 2.3 Republic of Korea

During the last 20 years, the Republic of Korea has achieved tremendous economic development. This rapid economic growth, combined with industrialization and urbanization, while having many positive benefits, has also resulted in negative environmental impacts. One of the critical problems in environmental protection in the country concerns the management of a wide variety of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. In this regard, it is estimated that so-called "special" industrial wastes (i.e., those generally considered hazardous) are produced at a rate of over 20 million tons per year. Moreover, increasing production and use of new synthetic chemicals make for types and characteristics of waste which are more difficult to treat. (3)

-4-

On a positive note, over the last 10 years or so, a strong environmental protection infrastructure has been developed in response to the growing recognition of the severity of environmental problems. This has been accompanied by a growing public awareness of environmental issues and an associated increasing demand for effective pollution control. In addition, the staging of the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul had a tremendously positive impact on environmental protection efforts. In the early stages of project implementation, the following areas of need were identified for attention: ( 1) technical studies to resolve specific problems (e.g., establishment of environmental criteria and standards for toxic chemicals, development of a hazardous waste inventory, the extent of soil and groundwater pollution due to leakage from underground storage tanks, etc.); the development of educational materials and training programmes for (2) workers and the public; (3) the assessment of existing legislation, rules and regulations; and

(4) because of the unique top-down management conditions in t,he country, the selective education of a wide range of policy-makers and decision-makers regarding the proper management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. As the project progressed, it hecame evident that item (1) was already heing effectively handled in the context of the country's developing chemical safety programme (by agencies such as the Ministry of Environment). Additionally, in view of the fact that a new "Law of Toxic Chemicals" had recently been enacted and the "Law of Waste Management" recently amended, it was decided that it would not be prudent to devote much of the project resources to item (3). Thus, item (4) became the major focus of project activities, and item (2) was also addressed. 2.4 Malaysia

Malaysia is experiencing rapid industrial growth and with it an attendant increase in the extent and complexity of toxic chemical and hazardous waste problems. Along with growth, there have been major efforts to develop and upgrade chemical safety and hazardous waste management programmes. For example, substantial progress has been achieved in the treatment of wastes from the major agricultural production of palm oil and rubber. However, while Malaysia has laws and regulations for controlling the treatment and disposal of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste, they are currently administered by a large number of government agencies through their statutory responsibilities largely in isolation from each other; and effective and consistent enforcement lags behind enactment. (4) · In light of the above, project activities in Malaysia focused on the following areas of need: (1) the need for the development of more comprehensive legislation to cover all aspects of the management of chemicals; the need for the establishment of proper emergency response procedures and (2) the provision of the necessary resources to implement them; (3) the lack of adequate disposal facilities for residues;

-5-

(4) the need to develop an awareness programme for the general public and workers who handle toxic chemicals; (5) the need to upgrade skills in the chemical safety and hazardous waste areas at the professional and technical operator/inspector levels; and ( 6) the promotion of research and development to solve specific technology and process problems (including the introduction of waste minimization procedures, consideration of combined treatment and disposal facilities, etc.). 2.5 The Philippines

Although limited information is available on the quantity and composition of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes in the Philippines, the country has a broad range of industries which use a number of toxic chemicals and produce hazardous wastes. Some of the wastes contain high toxicity materials such as mercury, cyanide, arsenic, chlorinated hydrocarbons, chromium, and pathologic and infectious agents. The management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes is a relatively new activity in the Philippines. Although the need for a waste management system has been identified, a coordinated programme to institute measures to prevent the uncontrolled handling and disposition of hazardous wastes has not been implemented. Industry, as a whole, seems ill-prepared, both technically and fmancially, to institute the necessary measures for the management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. In general, toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes are improperly stored, transported, and disposed of. The majority of toxic wastes are discharged into the municipal sewerage, canals and other bodies of water or are disposed of on-site or in conjunction with municipal solid waste. (5) · Two of the most serious shortcomings in the country are: the severe shortage of properly trained individuals to deal with toxic chemical ( 1) and hazardous waste problems; and (2) the lack of sufficient financial resources devoted to the management of hazardous wastes.· Republic Act No. 6969 was promulgated in late 1990 to control toxic substances and hazardous and nuclear wastes. At the outset of this project, the implementing rules and regulations had not been drafted. The drafting of these rules and regulations quickly became the focal point of activity under the WHO/UNDP project. In this regard, it is fair to say that short-term consultants under the project played a major role in meeting an urgent regulatory development need in the Philippines. The implementing rules and regulations were finalized in mid-1992. 2.6 Singapore

Singapore has a very positive environmental image, and has consciously chosen as a matter of policy to build and maintain that image in the context of rapid socioeconomic and industrial development. Thus, programmes concerned with the safety and control of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste are relatively well-developed and implemented. In the industrial sector, the techniques associated with hazard analysis are well known and used effectively by multinational corporations, but in other companies the level of understanding and use of these techniques are low. Multinational corporations tend to

- 6-

have comprehensive programmes which include both internal and external chemical safety audits, and, also, fairly well-defined procedures for handling emergencies in conjunction with the Singapore Joint Civil Defence Force. In smaller companies, however, less welldefmed procedures exist and incidents are investigated on an ad hoc basis. (6) Given this situation, emphasis in the project has been placed on two major areas: (1) (2) training; and the development of codes of practice, procedure manuals and guidelines.

In addition, because of Singapore's success in dealing with chemical safety issues, they have been encouraged to share their experience with others in a problem-solving context.

3. OUTPUTS PRODUCED AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED

3.1

Anticipated project outputs The project aimed at achieving the following results: (1) A written assessment of the country-level situation with regard to source/problem identification, monitoring, inspection and enforcement. (2) Preliminary project proposals for mitigating the major problems identified in the assessment, including an evaluation of resource needs. An established ongoing forum or other mechanism for coordinating chemical (3) safety programme planning and implementation activities (e.g., an interagency steering committee).

(4) Proposed upgraded versions of national legislation, rules and regulations covering chemical safety (the People's Republic of China, the Philippines and Malaysia). (5) Proposed national plans for the registration and licensing of hazardous substances (the People's Republic of China and the Philippines). (6) Senior officials and support staff trained in overall chemical safety programme planning, implementation and monitoring. (7) Educational materials to promote public awareness, prepared in the national language. (8) Community-level health workers trained in the locally relevant aspects of chemical safety (the People's Republic of China, Malaysia, the Philippines, and the Republic of Korea).

-7-

3.2

Assessment of projects outputs

As indicated earlier, the stage of development of chemical safety varies significantly among the participating countries. Early in the project, it was recognized that the outputs, as stated in the initial project document, had differing levels of importance in each country. Thus, project funds were reprogrammed from time to time to reflect these differences and emphasize those outputs that were most important to the countries concerned. Notwithstanding these differences, good results and progress have been achieved in all of the project-output areas noted above. These results and progress can be summarized as follows:

LEVEL OF ACHIEVEMENT BY COUNTRY

PROJECf OUTPUT

CHN A PA A PA TBA TBA PA TBA

MAL A PA A A NA TBA PA TBA

PHL A PA A A A TBA TBA TBA

KOR A PA A NA NA A PA A

SIN A PA A NA NA TBA NA TBA

(1) Country Profile

(2) Preliminary Project Proposals (3) Coordinating Forum/Mechanism (4) Legislation, Rules, and Regulations (5) National Registration Plans (6) Staff Training

(7) Educational Materials (8) Local Training

Key: CHNMALPHLKORSIN A PA TBANA -

Peoples Republic of China Malaysia Philippines Republic of Korea Republic of Singapore Achieved Partially achieved To be achieved Not applicable

- 8-

3.2.1

Output 1 ~ country assessment

A proftle of the chemical safety situation in each participating country was prepared, and served as the basis for the national workshops to assess problems and future courses of action. Although a standard format was not utilized, the profiles, in general, provide a comprehensive overview of what is going on in each country to deal with the safety and control of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste. They are all good baseline documents for further programme development and planning, particularly when coupled with the summaries of the outcomes of the national workshops and the preliminary project proposals for future action. The national workshops which these profiles supported, proved to be effective forums for bringing together the diverse agencies and interest groups concerned with chemical safety. It is clear that these workshops should not be a one-off affair. Much more discussion, collaboration and coordination needs to take place. Similarly, country profiles in the area of chemical safety need to be seen as dynamic documents. Much of the basic chemical safety data in most of the participating countries need to be reviewed, refined and updated on an ongoing basis. This is particularly true as it relates to developing a better understanding of what actually happens to toxic chemicals once they are imported and sold. 3.2.2 Output 2 - preliminary project proposals

The development of preliminary project proposals for mitigating identified major problems has been partially accomplished in all participating countries. Major problems have been identified and detailed project proposal outlines (annotated outlines) have been developed. At the outset of the UNDP /WHO project it was believed that this would be sufficient to encourage the further development by the participating countries of complete proposals, including an estimate of resource requirements, for funding consideration by external support agencies. In general, such complete proposals have not been forthcoming to date. It is recognized that this is a time-consuming task and that most of the staff responsible for chemical safety are already overloaded. Nevertheless, a good foundation for project development has been laid, and one of the follow-up activities that WHO would propose for its own chemical safety staff is ongoing collaboration with national and local officials to develop the desired comprehensive proposals.

3.2.3

Output 3 - coordinating forum or other mechanism

In each of the participating countries, either an interagency steering committee was formed (e.g., the Republic of Korea), or an existing interagency committee with chemical safety responsibilities was given the project oversight task (e.g., the Philippines). These committees have been effective forums for coordinating project activities, and have the potential for ensuring effective coordination of further programme development and implementation. However, at present most of the committees lack a clear mandate to deal decisively with broader programme development and implementation issues. Most often, they are seen as a clearing-house or review board rather than an integral part of the decision-making process. The focal point agencies for this WHO /UNDP project have much of the statutory authority for developing and implementing chemical safety programmes. As such, they can have a strong influence over the ways in which these committees function in practice. This project has provided an opportunity to highlight the benefits that can be derived from using these committees in substantive rather than ceremonial ways.

-9-

3.2.4

Output 4 ~legislation, rules and regulations

In the Philippines, the Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990 (Republic Act No. 6969) was promulgated at the outset of this project. The subsequent development of implementing rules and regulations was carried out as an integral part of project activities, including some of those concerned with training and the development of educational material. In Malaysia, attention was focused on making legislation, rules and regulations more comprehensive to gain control over a wider range of toxic chemicals. Particular attention was paid to Notification and Assessment requirements; and Chemicals not Otherwise Controlled. In China, there is a lack of specific legislation for chemical safety and hazardous waste management, although fragmented rules and regulations do exist in various government agencies that deal with safety, public health and environmental quality. A short-term consultancy dealing with the development of a comprehensive approach to chemical safety and hazardous waste management legislation, rules and regulations will be carried out under this project. 3.2.5 Output 5 • national registration plans

In China, the Ministry of Chemical Industry (MCI) has established interim toxic regulations on the production, use, storage and transport of toxic chemicals. During the period 1985-1988, MCI issued production licenses for chemical products which were equivalent to 5% of China's total chemical production. The majority of over 30 000 chemical products are yet to be registered. A more comprehensive approach is needed that sets out an agenda for registration of priority chemicals over the next five years or so and includes implementation schedules and action plans. The consultancy on legislation, rules and regulations will address this issue. In the Philippines, the newly adopted implementing rules and regulations under the Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990 provide the legal basis for registration and licensing. A plan of action for implementation pf these rules and regulations, including the registration and licensing provisions, was developed as part of a short-term consultancy under this project. This plan of action includes an estimate of the resource requirements for implementation. Clearly, external support will be needed; and the acquisition and training of additional national staff will be essential. 3.2.6 Output 6 - staff training

With the exception of the Republic of Korea, each participating country will be sending a few key staff abroad for educational experiences. The Republic of Korea, on the other hand, has opted for an in-country training approach based on a series of workshops focused on different subjects and target groups. With the possible exception of Singapore, there is a tremendous need for additional trained chemical safety staff at all levels in the participating countries. This is particularly true in China and the Philippines. In general, training a few key people will be helpful, but it will not suffice. A more comprehensive, longer-term approach to training is essential. This will require that countries draw on resources from a number of external sources and effectively combine them to meet a broad range of training needs. This is not an impossible task. In the Philippines, for example, a number of external support agencies have been involved in chemical safety-related training activities during the course of the UNDP /WHO project. Among other things, these have included courses on hazard risk assessment in selected industries; and training in environmental epidemiology with some emphasis on toxic pollutants. While these activities

- 10-

have not been part of the project per se, they have been supportive of the project objectives and have been coordinated by the Philippine side in a complementary rather than a conflicting fashion. This type of response to training needs must continue to be fostered in each of the participating countries. Additionally, the participating countries should seek ways to support each other in meeting their individual training needs. For example, the Republic of Korea has much to share regarding regional approaches to the disposal of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste; and Singapore has a wealth of experience in emergency planning and incident response. 3.2.7 Output 7- educational materials

This output has been partially achieved from the standpoint of information exchange, with efforts so far being focused, for the most part, on peer professionals. Some attention has been given to nongovernmental organizations, again from the perspective of information exchange. A short-term consultancy was carried out to identify educational material needs; and, to develop materials in response to those needs. The educational material to be produced will address legislation, basic toxicology, chemical safety/hygiene, labelling/transport/storage, hazard/risk assessment, waste management, first aid/treatment, emergency response, and information centres. There is a general need for greater awareness among the general public of toxic chemical and hazardous waste issues. The educational material must also be good promotional material, focused on specific audiences among the general public and dealing with specific areas or issues. Unfortunately, the general public was generally not reached directly by this project. 3.2.8 Output 8 ~ local training

The initial project objective focused on "community-level health workers". In actuality, the local training will be focused on groups with the most pressing need. In the Philippines, for example, this will include the regional office staff of the Environmental Management Bureau and the Department of Health. These groups will have an immediate role in implementing the new chemical safety rules and regulations. In China, attention may be directed towards industry staff responsible for safety and industrial hygiene; in Malaysia, some emphasis will be placed on simple material appropriate for a wide range of industrial workers; and in Korea, on environmental health workers responsible for various aspects of chemical safety. Among the important factors in local training are local language; ar:td, relevance of the material and the appropriateness of the technology. Although these may seem obvious, they are often overlooked.

4. OBJECTIVES ACHIEVED OR LIKELY TO BE ACHIEVED IN THE NEAR FUTURE

4.1

Project objectives

The long-term objective of the project was to ensure the timely development and implementation of practicable, comprehensive national and regional programmes for

- 11-

controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes and protecting the population against associated environmental health hazards. The general approach to this qbjective was to wor~ with the national governments to define the most important problems; to build up the statutory basis for effective control; to improve staff capabilities; and to promote public and health sector involvement. This general approach was formally set out in the immediate objectives of the project: To delineate national priorities for chemical safety (i.e., controlling toxic (1) chemicals and hazardous wastes and protecting the population against associated environmental health hazards). (2) To enable the participating governments to optimize their existing legislative and regulatory frameworks for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. (3) Through training, to improve the technical, planning and managerial skills of national staff responsible for chemical safety. (4) To promote public awareness and enhance the involvement of health and environmental protection workers at the community level in activities related to the control of health hazards associated with pesticides (and other similar chemicals). 4.2 Assessing achievement of the objectives

The immediate objectives of the project have either been achieved or substantial progress has been made toward their achievement. As indicated earlier, one of the lessons learned in the beginning stages of this project was that each of the participating countries was at a substantially different place in the development of its chemical safety programme. In Singapore, for example, the overall focus was on refining an already well=developed programme; in the Philippines, on the other hand, attention centred on newly promulgated chemical safety legislation and the development of implementing rules and regulations. The Republic of Korea took a strong interest in the education and promotion dimensions of the project; and China and Malaysia reflected a balanced interest across the full range of project activities. 4.2.1 Objective 1- delineate national priorities

The national workshops brought all of the agencies/organizations involved in chemical safety work together for the primary purpose of delineating national priority problems and issues. The desired output was a list of prioritized problems and issues on which there was general consensus, and which would be used as a common reference point for future work. The reality is that the workshops served as an excellent venue for discussing problems and reaching general agreement on which ones were the most important. However, in most cases, the prioritization of these important problems and issues to guide the future work of a variety of groups was not achieved. Nevertheless, the workshops were definitely benchmark events. It would be useful to bring the participants together again from time to time to focus on detailing solutions to specific problems. It is hoped that this is an ongoing task that will be taken up by the project coordinating committees. 4.2.2 Objective 2 - optimize existing legislative and regulatory frameworks

Attention was given to this issue in all participating counties, but to varying degrees, depending, as might be expected, on the status of existing legislation and regulations. In the Philippines, this became a major emphasis because the responsible government

- 12-

agencies were under pressure to develop implementing rules and regulations in response to newly promulgated legislation. The project was instrumental in facilitating this work. In the Republic of Korea, the chemical safety legislation and associated rules and regulations were relatively new, and it would not have been prudent to attempt a total revision. Therefore, some attention was given to fine tuning certain aspects, but most attention was given to other project objectives. In Malaysia, most of the work under this objective was directed toward making the legislation, rules and regulations more comprehensive in their coverage (i.e., closing up some of the loopholes, and bringing more chemicals under the statutory authority). In China, not much progress was made in changing existing legislation, rules and regulations; but, time was spent convincing people of the need for legislative and regulatory reform to move away from the currently fragmented approach involving a large number of diverse agencies. Singapore has a well-developed legislative and regulatory framework, and not much attention was needed in this objective area. It should be noted, however, that in Singapore, the large multinational companies have rather comprehensive and effective chemical safety programmes. Other countries could learn from the Singapore experience, particularly as it relates to the legislative and regulatory requirements that apply to the private sector. 4.2.3 staff Objective 3 - improve the technical, planning and managerial skills of national

The fellowship activities in this project which are now being implemented will contribute substantially to the attainment of this objective. In a number of cases, fellowship programmes are being planned in consultation with the short-term consultants used in the project (i.e., fellows are visiting the organizations of the consultants, and the consultants are assisting in arranging programmes that are relevant to the situations in the fellows' home countries). However, only a few national staff are able to participate in the fellowship component of the project. Others have been "improved" through participation in an aggressive workshop programme. For example, this has been the case in the Republic of Korea, where major emphasis has been placed on workshops geared to a wide range of audiences and subjects. One thing the project has made evident is that there is a great shortage of appropriately trained people. In fact, in some countries (e.g., the Philippines), there is a great shortage of any people at all in agencies responsible for chemical safety. Clearly, one of the long-term needs is for ongoing training in the safety and control of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste at the so-called user level. Much of this training can be developed and carried out in the countries themselves utilizing expertise from the academic and private sectors. 4.2.4 Objective 4 - promote public awareness and enhance environmental health sector involvement Educational material needs were assessed as part of this project, and some selected material was produced with project funds. In the Republic of Korea, "peer group public awareness" (i.e., awareness of people already generally concerned with chemical safety) was greatly enhanced through a series of workshops targeted to specific audiences. In Singapore, promoting public awareness seems to already be an integral part of chemical safety programme development and implementation. In the initial project document, emphasis was placed on reaching community-level health workers. It yuickly became evident, however, that different countries had different target groups that needed to be reached. In the Philippines, it was the district environment and health personnel who will have responsibility for implementing chemical safety legislation, rules and regulations. With the possible exception of Singapore, however, not much attention has yet been paid to promoting chemical safety awareness among the general public. In the future, this is a

- 13-

matter that each participating country needs to take up as an integral part of its programme.

5. FINDINGS AND LESSONS LEARNED

5.1

Timing of the project

The implementation of the project was timely for all the countries, particularly China, Malaysia and the Philippines. In these countries, the activities provided under this project met the needs for their development of national programmes for management of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. Some of the activities originally planned (e.g., translation of chemical safety documents, fellowships, review of chemical safety legislation, and technical studies) were not required by some countries as the activities had already been implemented or the focus of the programme development had shifted. In the latter case, the project was able to generate activities to respond to the new focus by reprogramming the funds available. 5.2 Chemical safety legislation

The participating countries had just completed or were in the process of drafting major chemical safety legislation. The project was able to collaborate with China, Malaysia and the Philippines in their efforts to develop comprehensive toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes legislation. WHO conducted a regional workshop on chemical safety legislation as part of its contribution to this project. The workshop provided a venue to exchange views of participants from the Western Pacific countries and representative from FAO, ILO and UNEP and formulate a model regional legislation. Although the project was effective in supporting the countries for development of national chemical safety legislation, further technical cooperation will be required in this field, particularly for China and Malaysia. 5.3 Coordination with ongoing activities of WHO and others

The project complemented the WHO activities in chemical safety which had already been planned or implemented. Two regional workshops organized by WHO (one on chemical safety legislation and the other on effective management of chemical safety information) were attended by the project-funded participants. The project provided funds to translate the International Chemical Safety Cards into the Malay language while WHO's own effort to translate them into Chinese was ongoing. The project was also able to support a consultant to draft regulations for national toxic chemical law in the Philippines which had been formulated with WHO technical cooperation. In the Philippines, a number of other external support agencies have been executing projects related to chemical safety. These include a hazard and risk assessment of selected industries under a project supported by USAID; a motor vehicle related pollution study carried out as part of an Asian Development Bank transportation infrastructure loan consideration; and, the development of a poison control centre programme as part of the joint WHO/ILO/UNEP International Programme on Chemical Safety. These efforts,

- 14-

coupled with the UNDP /WHO project, brought a lot of resources to bear on chemical safety issues in the Philippines in a relatively short period of time. Cooperation among the various organizations and their consultants, although generally informal, was good and a great deal of duplication of effort was avoided. This was greatly facilitated by the fact that the national organizations dealing with the various external support agencies maintained good communications among themselves. 5.4 Technical study

The method of conducting a technical study on chemical safety problems, originally envisaged, was to provide a consultant for a few weeks to initiate the study. However, this method was found not very useful because the countries wished to have consultancy support throughout the study, not just at the initial stage. Therefore, some modifications were required to implement this activity. In China, the duration of the consultancy was extended to one month to complete the study. In Malaysia, the study was carried out in conjunction with a national workshop, and the study produced exercise material for the workshop. 5.5 Educational/training material

In the planning stage, it became known to WHO that UNEP was developing training materials for pesticides and household chemicals, so the project concentrated on preparation of training material for industrial chemical safety. The material was translated and used for training courses for industrial safety and health workers in China and Malaysia. However, as the period of preparation of the training material was relatively short, further refinement of the material will be required, 5.6 Fellowship training

The placement of fellows took longer than expected. In some countries, the established WHO procedures were not strictly followed, thereby delaying the process. In other countries, the process of candidate nomination was inordinately slow. Despite these difficulties, the fellowship training component of the project was successfully implemented. Coordinating some of the fellowship programmes with the organizations that provided consultants to the project also proved very useful. As the consultants had first-hand knowledge of the country situations, more effective programmes could be planned.

6. RECOMMENDATIONS

6.1

Implementation of proposals

The project produced proposals for activities to improve various aspects of chemical safety programmes in the participating countries. Three common areas for which the proposals were prepared are (1) the development of a chemical safety database and provision of information services; (2) the training of professionals involved in chemical safety programmes; and (3) preparation of guidelines and manuals on chemical safety and hazardous waste management. The governments should implement these proposals produced under the project. UNDP and WHO should support these efforts, where appropriate and possible.

- 15-

6.2

Further refinement of chemical safety legislation

Although substantial development in chemical safety legislation has been achieved under the project, further work is needed in most countries. The governments should develop a comprehensive legislative framework to control problems associated with toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. Legislation must be underpinned by detailed, specific regulatory guidelines and must also include import, export and international trade of these materials. 6.3 Human resource development

The training of professionals to deal with chemical safety problems is crucial in the future development of national capabilities in this field. The governments should develop programmes to systematically train the professionals involved. Training is also needed in the following areas: (1) on-the-job training for today's workers, (2) university-level training for tomorrow's engineers and managers, and (3) awareness training for the general public and the consumer. The training materials prepared under the project and those developed by UNEP may be used in the national training programmes. The development of effective training programmes should include national resources available in the academic sector (i.e., universities, institutes, etc.) and the private sector (i.e., industry). Much of the chemical safety technical expertise and experience lies in these sectors, and it should be tapped. 6.4 Emergency response capability

Although all countries involved in the project recognize the need for emergency response, few have an adequate capability. Governments should establish appropriate means for responding to chemical emergencies. With respect to potential major emergencies, the sharing of resources among countries, perhaps at a subregional level, should be seriously considered. For example, the sharing of sophisticated analytical laboratory capabilities would obviate the need for certain types of capabilities in all countries, thereby freeing resources for other uses.

- 16-

REFERENCES

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Project Document Dr Thomas T. Shen, 21 August-8 September 1991, Mission Report (China) Dr Luis F. Diaz, 3-15 March 1991, Mission Report (Republic of Korea) Dr David Barnes and Mr Paul Dougas, 6-19 June 1991 (Malaysia) Dr Luis F. Diaz, 14-27 April1991; Dr Jeff J. Bazelmans, 11-31 August 1991; and Ms Jo Moss, 9-21 November 1991, Mission Report (Philippines) Professor J. Spickett and Dr H. Ogawa, 20-30 January 1992, Mission Report (Singapore)

- - - - - - - - - - · · · ----·-·- ·--- -~-17 -·

ANNEXJ

UHITED'NATIOUS

DEVE~OPHEN'f

PfiOORAHKE and Singapore

tho.Philippinoo, tho fiepublic

Intercountry project or tha Oovorn~onta or tho Pooplota Republic or Ch1nu, HonR Kong, H~~yai~

or

Kore~,.

PROJECT DOCUMENT Number and title't 'J..AS/89/0o3/A';Ol/14 Sa.:foty and control of toxic chemica.lo and hazo.rdoua \IUtao. . -' I

Durn.tiont

2 yearn 1

Project oitoa

The Peoplo 1 a Republic o£

China, Hong Kong• Ha.layeia, · the Philippinea,·the Republic .of Korea, and Singapore 1000 Hoo.lth 1030 Environ!l1ental Health

1----------------------------IUUDP I

UNDP and coot nharing

tin~cing

•

lPF 1

ACC/UNDP tiector Md aub-sectorr

Othor or tldrd-party ooet.aharing Tota.ll

I

(Pollution control)

•aov•t I

'coat nha.ring

$_ __

. Covernlllent aootor Ae a.pp:rop:riato in each participAting country and aubseoto:rs Oovernment implementing agencyt . •

•UUDP

rc

· Aft appropriate in aa.ch participating · country

1----------------------------..

Executing agencyt World Health Organization (Western Pacific Regional Office) Eatimated ato.rting da. tat UUDP inputn: .WHO inputn1 Covornmento inputst Jn.nunry 1989

$498 050 $114 400 (in kind) To be datorminad.

_____ _. ....

-·--·-·-··.

-.

- 18_. -- ..---···

Annex 1

Brief description:

This project is intanded to enhance nutionnl capabilities for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes and providing p~otection against associated environmental health hazards. Efforts will be directed

toward strengthening tho legal nnd technical capabilities of tho responsible inatitutiona; problems; developing mitigativa measures to deal with specific Specific activities will legia~at~ve

and manpower training and development,

include the provision of Consultancy aupport to aaaeaa existing

frameworks, prepare model regulations/guidelines, undertake technic'S.l studies of particular problem situations, conduct training prepare educational material. activ~tiea,

and

Additionally, fellowship training

opportunities will be provided to national staff, and regional iand national training vorkahops will be held. The results of this project, \including the

guidelines and metholodogies developed during ita performance, will be relevant nQt only to the participating countries, but also developing countries/areas.

. to other \

On behalf of the Governments of:

Signature

Date

Name/Title

People's Republic of China Hong Kong Malaysia Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore

·--------

- - - - ·----~---··--- -·· ··--------- ....... _7_19..:.... .

---------------·· ·---·--·· Annex 1

Signature

Date

Name/Title

S.T. Han, MD, Ph.D. pecial Representative f the Director-General

Approved on behalf of the United Nations Development Programme Divi'Sion :t'o~~ional Program.e negiona~au Se~aatian

K. Zac

, ehiet

for Asia and the Pacific

United Nations official exchange rate at date of last signature of project document: $1.00 ~

-20Annex 1

A.

Context

1.

Description of the subsector

Recent wastes have

accidents raised

involving

toxic concern

chemicals over the

and

hazardous

everyone's

manufacture,

transport,

use and disposal of these materials.

In the Western

Pacific Region, rapid industrialization has increased the complexity of the environmental health-related problems faced by some

countries.

In these situations, there is often a need for more

sophisticated technology and manpower to deal with severe air and water pollution problems.

I

I

As the use of potentially hazardous chemical products, such as fertilizers and pesticides, has become.more widespread, chemical safety issues countries. information have become relevant regard, there to even the is an least developed need for

In ·this exchange,

increasing services and

emergency

response

manpower

training in toxicology, epidemiology and health risk assessment •.

2.

Strategy

for

the

subs ector

(Environmental

Health/pollution control)

The basic focus of WHO's programme strategy tn this subsector is on consultation and collaboration with

international, regional and national agencies to promote human health contro1 through of activities chemicals aimed and at improving safety and

toxic include

hazardous

wastes.

These

activities

identification,

evaluation,

prevention

control of hazards through training, . .

enhancement of public

awareness and encouragement of Member states in the Region to introduce appropriate legislation and institutional

,.

-21Annex 1

infrastructures

for

regulation

and

enforcement.

qverall 1

collaboration with participating countries is designed:

{a)'

to develop policies and procedures related to the safety and control of harmful chemicals;

(b)'

to

strengthen

the

institutional

aspects

of

the

monitoring and control of harmful chemicals;

(c)

to

strengthen the technological including enhancement

aspects of of the

chemical technical

safety

capabilities of national agencies to develop chemical control management programmes;

(d)

to

develop

and

train manpower

involved

in

chemical

safety programmes;

(e)

to develop training and community education materials; and

(f)

to assist countries in achieving their present chemical safety programme goals, and to encourage the

introduction of long-range national contingency planning for hazardous substance control.

-22-

Annex 1

3.

Prior or ongoing assistance directed to the same aubsoctor

Recognizing the potential for harmful effects on human health reaulting frow poor management of toxic chemicals and hazardous waste in the Region, WPRO decided in 1986 to develop regional activities on chemical safety through ita Western Pacific Regional Centre for the Promotion of Environmentnl P1nnning and Applied Studiea (PEPAS). t~me

A full-

staff member reop0nsible for the programme

~aa

recruitedj and a regional workshop on.chemical safety was organized and held at PEPAS (located in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) in Hovewber 1986. Aa a result of the ~orkshop 1

country information related to chemical safety was collected, problems at the country level were identified and recommendations for further collaborution were made. During this same period, technical cooperation in the area of chemical safoty was provided on an adhoc basis to Malaysia and the Philippines mainly related to industrial waste and hazardous wnste management. In Malaysia, a review

was made of the Government's programmes for the management of chemicals and a proposal was prepared on guidelines for a n~tional

chemicals notification and assessment scheme.

In

the Philippines, n situation analysis of toxic and hazardous

-23-

Annex 1

'Wanta

mana~ement

wo.a carriod out.

Tho otudy forUied part of a

major government initiative in tha management and control of toxic Bubstanceo, oncoUipaaoing o.cct~ptunce.

ot' new chemicala,

labolling,·atorage, correct usa, transport, aa well aa treatment and disposal. More recently, a programme was formulated in M~layaia

.

for the control of chemicals withdrawn, banned or aeverely r.estricted in their country of manufacture or expor.t; and proposals were drawn up for procedures to be taken during chemical accidents. Aloo, discussions were held with relevant officials in the Republic of Korea and Singapore on possible collaborative activities in chemical safety management, and the PEP AS Chemical Safety Adviser partidpa ted in two international symposia related to chemical'aafoty: Korea-United States. Cooperative Symposium on Clean the First

Environment, held in Seoul; and the First Asia-Pacific Symposium on Environmental and Occupational Toxicology 1 held in Singapore.

4.

The institutional framework for development efforts in the subsector

The international dimensions of chemical safety and hazardous waste issue::~

require the osto.blishment of effect.lve

linkages among national programmes and regional and

-24Annex 1

••

international organizations.

Aloo, from n roaionul

perspective, the expertise, information and implementation mechanisms already available from related WHO and other international agency programmes represent significant · resources available to .this project. These programmes

include the WHO/UNEP Olobnl Environment Monitoring Syatem (GEMS); the ILO/UNEP/WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), and the International Register of P9tentially Toxic Chemicals (IRPTC); and an on-going WHO/World Bank/UNEP project to develop a hazardous waste d~aposal

manuul.

Additionally, a number of bilateral F~deral

aaaiatanca agencies from Australia, ·Japan, the

Republic of Germany, Denmark nnd the United States of America are involved in chemical projects and.activities in the . Region. At the national level, most countries in the Region (including tho,se specifically covered by this project) have not harmonized chemical safety and hazardous waste management activities being carried out by different responsible agencies and sectors. R~lated

activities are

usually carried out by organizations in both the public and private sectors, including those concerned with economic development and planning, transportation, hea1th 1 environmental protection, energy, public works, construction, and trade,

·:~:··

-25-

Annex 1

B.

Project justification

1.

Problem to be addressed; the present situation

Of the 5 000 000 known chemicals (i.e., defined structures) it is estimated that there are presently o~

50

000

60

000

in

commercial use for an incalculable range

purposes.

Additionally,

there are several thousand new chemicals and formulations of unknown toxicities entering the market place each year. Fortuitiously, tonnes -

approximately 95% of the annual world production (3 x 10 8

1985) is comprised of only 5 000 substances, mainly petrochemicals.

The importance of industrial and agricultural chemicals in the developing national economies of the Member States in the Region cannot be underestimated. health, been Although the extent of detriment to human

ecological damage and resultant economic losses have not quantified, it is clear that as toxic chemical

adequately

exposures

have created a

situation so serious

to compromise

national and regional development.

-26Annex 1

Although

few hard data are

available,

such that do exist

indicate that many diseases and deaths are associated with chemical exposure in the region. In particular, death rates from pesticides Many of

(both intentional and accidental) are unacceptably high.

these pesticides are imported, are subject to no regulatory control and include some which are banned or severely restricted in their country of manufacture.

Most Member States in the Region have not been successful in their efforts to coordinate the multitude of chemical-safety-relate.d activities undertaken among the different responsible agencies and sectors. Poor communications, particularly with regard to planning

and development activities, seriously impede the implementation of preventive programmes. In general, the staff of national agencies, lack the

particularly decision-makers and enforcement personnel, necessary control training strategies and information to The implement general

comprehensive population is

effectively.

frequently uninformed regarding the dangers of the substances to which they are exposed, associated risks. incl~ding

the various routes of exposure and

-27Annex 1

Most countries in the Region do not hnva specific· programmes for the control of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastesj or, where legislation exiuts, institutio~nl

development ia not. sufficient to control the manufactur~, registration, labelling, packaging, marketing, transportation, storage, treatmant.and disposal of toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. The lack or definitive

policy related to the coordination of intersectoral activities, and the general lack of involvement by planning and development sectors in chemical safety issues are serious handicaps to the implementation of preventive programmes.. Health agencies do not appear to be taking the necesaary leading role in chemical safety or hazardous waste control, and this frequently results in serious neglect in the area ot environmental health. Generally, poison control centres have chemica~

.

not been developed, and few provisions exist for

emergencies or the evaluation of risk from chemicals. In view of the Growing concern over the danger of harmful chemicals and hazardous wastes to man and the environment, there is a great need to collaborate with participating countries in their endeavours to develop programmes or the safe management of toxic chemicals and hazardous ~astes.

-28Annex 1

2.

Expected situation at the end of the project Implementation of the project will assist the participating countries in establishing appropriate legal, institutional,

technical and procedural frameworks and methodologies for managing . toxic chemicals the and hazardous of wastes. technical The project will also and

facilitate

transfer

know-how,

planning

management skills from developed to developing countries through the provision of consultant services and technical information in

specialized subjects, and the establishment of working relationships with international programmes and centres in developed countries. National workshops and training sessions will be used to develop a central core of qualified technical personnel at the national level. Also, in addition to human resources and facilities development at the national/community will be levels, a in number of specific with technical national

studies

undertaken,

cooperation

institutions and experts, to obtain data for the design of control programmes. Further UNDP assistance will be reviewed upon

completion of project. 3. Target beneficiaries All of the participating countries will benefit from improved manpower capabilities resulting from training activities; the

increased availability of relevant educational and public awareness material; and better communications among the agencies responsible for chemical safety and hazardous waste management.

-29-

Annex 1

4. · Project strategy and institutional

arrunge~ents

To asaeas the present situation with respect to chemical aafety and hazardous vaste management in the Region, to promote awareness and to identify key priority areaa for action, WHO conducted a Sa.fetyn at PEPAS, Kuala 11

j

J

Regional.Workshop on Chemical Lum~mr,

from 24-28 November 1936.

I l

i

The workshop was attended by representatives from many countries in the Region as well as regional consultants and international experts from the International Programme on Chemical Safety. In preparation for the workshop, a conaultant visited five countries (Japxn, Malaysia, the ~epublio

of Korea, the

Philippines and Singapore) with support from WHO to provide background documents in the form of a brief profile of the ·~

existing situation with regard to.national institutions and legislation governing the control of toxic chemicals. this and related national and regional documents, the workshop participants• country reports, and the proceedings of the workshop, ·a clearer overvie~ of chemical safety in th~ Region was obtained, indicating the increaaing.threat and danger of toxic chemicals as elaborated in the preceding paragraphs. From

- 30-

Annex 1

The capacity of aome of tho countriea/areaa in the Weatern Pacific Region to provide proper health protection

and pravent environmental pollution from toxic chemicala and hazardous vaates ia severely limited by many faotora. moat (a) importan~

The .

of these are as follows:

a lack of reliable.information, and an absence of appropriate mechanisms and ayatema for collecting, processing and disseminating information on health effects, monitoring and regulation;

(b)

a lack of sufficient awareness of the dangers of toxic chemicals and hazardous waates among decisionmakera, enforcement agencies ani tho general publici and

(c)

an ina.dequa te underet'.l.nding of the. ::1cope of the problem because of the absence of suitable institutional frameworks; poor epidemiological data accumulation and ·evaluation; inadequate legislation and enforcementj the

absence of proper preventive and control measures; the lack of coordination and cooperation among concerned partiesj and the lack of national policies on chemical safety and hazardous waste management.

Many of these problems are compounded by a continuing lack of adeq~te

manpower for coordinated planning and

-31Annex 1

implementation or control measures.

These 'shortcomingo aro

oi' particular concern in view of the complex natura ot

chemical safety programmes. In developing this project, emphasio wao placed on thoao fundamental areas in which·aignificant progress can be mad& in a realistic time frame. The following cri t.eria were used

in establishing project activities: (a) The activities nnd inputs ahould strengthen and build on existing capnbilitioa and, aa much aa poaaible 1 the outputs should be synthesized through national ei'forta. !b) The international dimensions of chemical safety iaauea require that project activities result in the establishment of linkages between the national programmes in participating countries and regional and international programmes and centres. Thia will enhance

information exchange, cooperation and the development ot the compatible strategies and regulations essential tor ·· harmonious international commerce. (c) The activities should address those priority needs that have a continuing impact on national programmes. These

include human resources development and the enhancement of national institutional capabilities.

. I .. •

-32-

Annex 1

Where possible, the implementati·.:m of the project will be carried out utilizing.the expertise, information and mechanipms already available from related WHO . and other UN agency progranunes. These progranunes

include: (a) the WHO/UNEP progranunes on monitoring under GEMS, which monitoring capabilities can be strengthened; (b) the ILO/UNEP/WHO International Programme on Chemical Safety and the International Register on Potentially Toxic Chemicals, through which information and advice can be obtained on health risks, poisonings, and preparedness for chemical emergencies; and (c)

through

the WHO/World Bank/UNEP project on preparing a manual for hazardous waste disposal.

5.

Reasons for assistance from·UNDP/WHO External resources from relatively unbiased international

organizations such as UNDP and WHO are essential to the timely and effective mitigation of many of these complex problems. 6. Special considerations The project health will in contribute the to the improvement countries of

environmental

participating

through

enhancing their ability to plan and implement chemical safety and environmental hazards control programmes. The results of this

project, including the methodologies developed during its execution, will be valuable not only to the participating countries but also to other developing countries.

-33-

Annex 1

·: ... c ..::

\, ~: ....

r·"'•.-::"·.·-·.

"":':"' .· ~.. !·: ...... .

?..

co-ordination arrangements As indicated earlier, where possible, the lmplementation.of the project will be carried out utilizing the expertise,. information and mechanisms already available from related WHO and . other UN agency programmes. Additionally,~the

·~

Republic of Korea, it is anticipated that i

WHO will be the executing agency for a similar, country-specific UNDP-funded management. project on chemical safety and hazardous waste

The activities under Korea's country-specific project

will complement and supplement the work under this intercountry project. These activities focus on strengthening the technical/ upgrading technical know-how and hazardous

regulatory apparatus1

waste management capabilities; and upgrading the flow of technical information.

:·.· · .. :.: .': . . ~

-34-

Annex 1

8.

Counterpart support capacity Personnel from agencies concerned with chemical safety

and hazardous waste manngemont in the aix participating . countries in this project (the Peo~le 1 s

Republic of China,

Hong Kong, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Republic of Korea and Singapore) have indicated their strong interest in and support for participation in a project such as this. Efforts·

are already under way in oach of these countries to begin to deal with some of the more serious issues and problema associated with toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes. The

people and the infrastructures associated with these efforts are sufficient to support a project such as this. The key

iaaue regarding national support capacity, however, is qualitative rather than quantitative. Because the problema

associated with toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes are multi-disciplinary in nature, crossing many administrative, technical anj organizational lines, interorganizational cooperation and coordination at the national level will be extremely important~'··

One of the main goals of this project 11

is to enhance this qualitative dimension of capa.ci ty".

support

- 35Annex 1 •'

C.

Development objective{s)

To ensure the timely development and implementation of practicable, comprehensive national and regional progra~es

for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous vaetes and protecting the population against associated environmental health hazards.

D.

Immediate objectives, outputs and activities Unleaa other\./iae noted, the a~e 11

outputa 11 indicated balm;

to be provided in all of the participating countries.

Immediate Objective 1.0 To delineate national priorities for chemical safety (i.e., controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous \./nBtes and protec~ing

the population against associated

environmental health hazards).

Output i.1 A \./ritten assessment of the country-level situation vith

ragard to source/problem identification, monitoring, inspection, and enforcement.

-36-

Annex 1·

Activity Provision of on-aita consultnncy support to asaiat national staff in preparation of the aaaeasaont. Thia activity will also provide some oupport !or outputs 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2.

Activity National workshops involving all concerned agencies to diacuaa overal~

chemical oafety programma .

planning and implementation; the preliminary . . . aaaeasments of the country-level aituationa; potential projects for resolving problemaJ and programme coordination issues. This activity will also support Outputa 1.2 and 3.1.

Activity Technical studies on specific problems concerning toxic chemicals and hazardous wastes in the People's Republic of China, the Republic of Korea, Hulnyaia, and the Philippines. also support Output 1.2. This activity will

Activity Translation of core documents into national lnnguago.

Annex 1

Output 1.2 Preliminary project propoaala tor proble~a

miti~ating

tho major

identified in the assoasmont.

Theae proposals

will include an evaluation or resource needs.

Activity . 1.2.1 Provision of on-site consultancy support to assist national atatr in preparntion or project proposals (e.g., determining resource requirements such as manpover, equipment, etc.).

Activity 1.2.2 Tranalation of euaential documanta into national

language.

Activity

1.2.3

Activities 1.1.1, 1.1.2 and 1.1.3 vill also aupport thia output.

Output

1.3

An established ongoing forum/mechanism for coordinating chemical safety programme planning and implementation activities (o.g., an inter-agency steering committee).

-38-

Annex 1

Activity Activities 1.1.1 and 1.1.2 will.also aupport this · . output.

Immediate Objective

2.0

To enable the participating governments to optimize their existing legislative and regulatory frameworks for controlling toxic chemicals and hazardous wastea.

Output

2.1

Proposed, upgraded veraiona of national legislation, rules and regulations covering chemical safety (The Peoplela Republic of China, the Philippines, and H!llayaia).

Activity 2 .1.1

Review of legislation, rules and regulations covering all aspects of chemical safety from manufacture to final disposal, and the prep~ration

of revisions or new proposals as necessary •. Thia activity will raquire specialized short-term consultant support, and will also 1.1 and 2.2, supper~

Output

. -...: -

-39-

Annex 1

·Activity 2.1.2

Activity 1.1.1 will also thia output.

prov~de

some aupport tor

Output 2.2

' Proposed national plana for the regi~tration

and

licensing of hazardous substances (The People's Republic of China, and the Philippinaa).

Activity '2.2.1

Activitiea 1.1.1 and 2.1.1 will support this output.

Objective J.O Through training, to improve the technical, planning and managerial-skills of national staff responsible for i

chemical safety.

Output J,1 Senior officials and support staff trained in overall chemical safety programme planning, implementation and monitoring.

-40Annex 1

Activity .

3.1.1.

A regional training course to . executing agency.

b~

carried out by the

Activity 3.1. 2

Fellowship training of selected ataff abroad.

Activity

3 .1.3

Activity 1.1.2 will also support this output. I

Objective

4.0 To promote public

a~areness

and enhance the involvement

of health and environmental proteption workers at the community level in.activitiea related to the control of health hazards associated with pesticides {and other similar chomioals),

Output

4.1

Educational materials to promote public awareness, prepared in the national language.

: ·>..:. ·

-41Annex 1

Activity Review of available uducutional literature relating to community level chemical pro~ection.fr,om saf~ty

measures (e.g.,

the affocto of poaticides) and

subsequent preparation of training/public awareness materials suitable for the community level in the country of concern. activity. This is a consultant-supported

Activity Translation of the material into the appropriate national language, and printing.

Output Community-level health workers trained in the locally relevant aapecta of chemical safety (l1alayaia 1 the People 1 a Republ~c

of China, the .. Philippines 1 and the

Republic of

Ko~a).

Activity Training courses for community health workers to be carried out by participating country staff.

...

,...

-42-

Annex 1

E.·

Inputs The basic inputs to this project are summar~zed

by activity

in Table 1.

F.

~

At thia time, there are no riskn forseen which would cause major disruption to the project and would adjustment in ita operutiona. r~quire

aignificant

a.

Prior oblieations and

prerequisite~

WKO, in cooperation with the Member States, will make the necessary arrangements for promotion and timely implementation of project activities.

H.

Project reviews, reporting and evuluation The project will be subject to tripartite review (joint

review by representatives of the

Govern~ento,

executing agency and

UNDP) at least once every 12 months, the first such meeting to be held within the first 12 months of the start of full implementation. The national project coordinator and/or senior

project office of the United Nations executing agency shall prepare and submit to each tripartite review meeting a Project Performance Evaluation Report (PPER). Additional PPERs may be

requested, if necessary, during the project. A project terminal r3port will be prep~red

for consideration

at the terminal tripartite review meeting.

It shall be prepared

..·

-43-

Annex 1

· in draft aufficiently in advance t.:> allow review and technical clearance by the executing agency at least four m9ntha prior to the terminal tripartite review. The project shall be subject to evaluation 6 months after the atart of full implementation. The organization, terma ot'

reference and timing will be decided after consultation betyeon the partiea to the project document, plus any associated United Nations agency.

I.

Legal context This Project Document shall be the instrument referred to aa

such in Article 1, paragraph 1 1 of the Basic Assistance Agreement bet~een

the United Nations Development Programme and the

Oovernmenta of those participating countries which have signed .an Agreement. Alternatively, for those participating countrlaa. or ~hie

areas which have not.signed an Agreement,

Project Docuuent

shall be the instrument envisaged in the supplemental provisions to the project document, attached hereto. The Basic Agreements

concluded between the World Health Organization and the participating countries will likewise govern the responsibilitiea which shall be assumed and the services which shall be provided by the re~pective

Governments and the World

He~lth

Organization.

. Table 1:

Project Inputs (by Activity)

i> .=' I~

='

,,....

1

Activity 1.1.1; 1

Type

o~

Activity and Input Required .

Quantity

Responsible Party

• Estimated Cost 1

1.2.3; 1 .3 .1; 1.1.2;

Provision o~ an on-site short-term consultant' 6 ~an-months 1 UNDP/Execu1 1 (STC) to assist in tbe preparation of tbe (m/m) ting Agency 1 country profile. {1 ~1m/country' •x 6 countries) 1 National ~orksbops to evaluate chemical safety situation, identify proble~s/solu­ tions, and share experience regarding comprehensive programme develop~ent _and implementation. Provision of local costs and STC. I

US$39 000 ·

2.2.1 1.1.2; 1

Local costs

1

1.2.3; 1.3. 1; 2.2.1

1. t

$54 000 {$9 008/vork-

1 1

IDIDP /Execu~ ting Agency

$54 000 I

shop x 6 "lolorksbops) 1

~ ~

1

UNDP/Execu1 ting Agency 3 ' (0.5 n/m/o.:ork' shop) STC ~~onths 1

$19 500

1.1 • .3;

1 .2. 1

Technical studies on specific problems 1 concerning toxic chemicals and hazardous 1 vastes in the People's Republic of China, 1 the Republic o~ Korea, Malaysia, and the ' Philippines. Provision of STC. 1

' 6 man-nontbs 1 1

1 1

(1.5

on/

UNDP/Executing Agency

$39 000

I

country x 4 countries) To be deterrdned. • TINDP/Ex.ecuting Agency

1.1.4 , .2.1

1

1

Translation o~ essential documents into· ~ational languages. Provision of an on-site STC to assist national staff in preparing priority project proposals . .

1 1

1 1

$20

000 -

1 1 1

1 1 t

3 ~-months

1 (0.5 ~1 ting Agen~ country :x: 6 ' countries)

UNDP/Execu-

$19 500

Table 1 (conVd) Pe..ge tvo 1

.Activity 1.2.2 2.1 01; 2.2. 1 t 1

Type of .Activity and Input Required Translation of essential documents into national languages of existing legislation, rules and regulations (the People's Republic of China, the Philippines, Malaysia, and, the Republic of Korea). Additionally, in the People's Republic of China (PROC), the Philippines (PHL), and the Republic of Keres (ROK), assist in developing proposals for the registration and licensing of hazardous substances. Provision of an STC. ~gional Training Course on Overall. Chemical Revie~ I

QUfUltity t 1 1

Responsible ·v Estimated 1 Party Cost

To be determined.

1 1 1

' UNDP/Executing Agency UNDP/Executing Agency

$15 000 $39 000

I ~

1 1 1 1 1

6 man-months {1 mm ~or

I 1 I

1 1

1 1

Haleysia and the ROK; 2.5 rom ~or PROCj and 1.5 :Ill.Ul ~or the P:aL)

1 1 I ,;;.. V\

1

1

3.1.1

1 I 1 1

Scfety Programme Planning, Implementation, and l-!oni toring. Provision of funds to co'ver vorkshop costs and STCs.

Workshop costs' $31 500 (to l be held at 1 PEPAS, f.uala 1 1 Lumpur) 1 I 1

rffiO

$31 500

STC 1 1.5

I t!i~t~llitiH

'(~~rev* t1~7~' i

man-months'

~~0

$ 9 750

··3.1.2 -· ..

' Fc;ll~wship trai!li~g ~!' ~ ie~~e:d ~~!' ~?~~~~~-~ 30 ;oan~%!1onth.s ' ~~i~c:~~~ rroyision oJ fel+owship~ .. ,..... ,_ . .-.·. -· .• ,, I (6 J!llll/countcy.' ting Agency ' · · · · !x ~ ¢1~}Ul'tot!eli*) "~~ ":---., ...

-·-

' Y

'

fp~

---·- ,._: -:· 009 ·

- ·J

!

'-.

--.~··-"'·.

.., ..

,,.

:---~-. . . . . . . .

:-

-·--;·

_--_-_.--~~::-~

........ ~:...:.:-:.--:........ :.::·-. ·_._ ··---.···---""'·""...

~-,~--

· .•.

~"'- ~

*The Republic of Korea is excluded from this provision because there is a coun~-specific, U!IDP-funded project on chemical s~ety and hazardous vastea ~anagement vhicb has significant fellowship provisions.

Table 1 (cont'd) Page three 1

I='

>

·~

!-

Activity 4.1.1 1 1

Type of Activity and Input Required

Quantity

Responsible Party

1

Estimated Cost $19 '500

1

Preparation of educational materials relating' to community-level chemical safety measures. 1 3 man-months Provision of STC. Translation of educational material into national language, and printing. 1

• mmp/Execu• ting Agency • IDIDP/Execu-

4 .1.2

1 1

Translation $5 000

$5

000 .

' ting Agency 1

Printing •·$10000 4.2.1 1

1

IDIDP/Executing Agency

$10 000

1

1

Training Courses for Comounity-level Health Workers (the People 1 s Republic of China, Malaysia and the Philippines). Provision of Local Costs. I

1 IDIDP/Execu$18 000 1($6000/country' ting Agency 'x 3 countries) 1

$18 000

0\ """

General

' Expendable equipment consisting primerily of high purity chemical reference standards for gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and national biological standards for quality assurance purposes, and minor laboratory equipment items. Provision to be made to laboratories involved in enforcement ~ork. 1

1 1

1

$30 000

IDIDP

$30 000

General General.

WHO staff travel in support of the project {principally, the Chemical Safety Adviser) Project Supervision by PEPAS Chemical Safety Adviser (CSA) (Estimated 50% of hiG time).

I

I

IDIDP

1

$14 000 .•

1

1

$65 ODD

I

WHO

1

. $65 000

-47Annex 1

The following typea of ravisionu may be mnde to thia project ·document with the aignature of the UNDP realdent rapresentative only, provided he or she is assured that the other aignatoriea of the project document have no oujectiona to· the proposed changeaa

(a)

Reviaions in, or addition or, any of the annexea of the project document (with the exception of the Standard Legal Text for non-SBAA countries which may not be altered and the agreement to which ia a pre-condition for UNDP assistance).

(.b)

Revisions which do not involve significant changes in the immediate objectivea, outputa or activitiea of a project 1 but are caused by the rearrangement of inputs already agree.:! to or by coat increases due to inflationj and

(c)

H.mda. tory annual revisions which: rephase the delivery of agreed project inputs or increased expert or other coats due to inflation or take into account agency expenditure flexibility.

...... . .. .

:r.

Budget Project Budget Covering UNDP Contribution (US$} Total m/m-$ 1989 Year (1) m/m $

1990 Year (2)

! $

m/m

10.

Project Personnel 11.50 Consultants 11.51 Chemical Safety Country Profile 11.52 Hational Workshops on Cheoical Safety 11.53 Special Studies on Safety Che~ical

6 3

$43 200* 19 500 34 850* 20 900* 39 000 21 600* 179 050

6

$43 200*

3 1. 5.

19 soo 11 150 20 900* 13 000 4-5

6 3

23 700*

00

-'="-

11.54 Priority Project Proposals 11.55 Legislative Review 11.56 Prep~ation

3 2

6 ..

4

26 000 21 600* 71 300

of educational 3

:z::ateria.ls 11.99 Subtotal: Consultants/experts

3 15.5 107 750 .,,.5

27.0

*In-country travel for consultants added 1989 BL 11.51 $4 200 BL 11.53 1 400 BL 11.54 1 400 BL11 .. 56

on to these BLs: 1990

$4 200 $2 100

1989

Total m/m-$ 16 Mission Costs (Executing Agency Supervisory Missions; Tripartite Revie~ Meetings, etc.) Component Total Training Fello~ships

Year (1}

m/m

$ 11 OOD.

1990 Year (2) ·. -m/m $ 18 000

29 000

19. 30 31. 32

208 050

118 750 10

89

:;oo

30

1.35000

45 000

20

90 000

(6 mm/country x 5 countries) National ~orkshops to evaluate chemical safety situation (local costs - 6 vorkshops at $9 000 each) Community-level training courses (local costs - $6 ODD/country x 3 countries) Component Total Equipment Expendable Equipment end Supplies (minor supplies and equipment for laboratories concerned vitb enforcement activities) Component Total

~

54 000 18 000 207 000

54 000 18 000

\0

33 39. 40. 41.

99 000

108 000

30 000 30 000

30 000

49.

30 000

50. Miscellaneous 52. Reporting costs (Translation and printing of essential documents in national language) I

50 ODD

35 000 1 500

15 000 , 500

~ ////

53. 59.

Su...,dries Component Total GR.AliD TOTAL

3 ODD 53 000

J6 500

16 500 $243800

99.

. $ 498 050

$254 250

\

PROJECT BUOOET COVERING WHO PARTICIPATION IN

KIND

I

\

. l ~

l

, .

.,.,. .. ,·. .. ~

Total m/m · 10.

1989 Year (1) ..

$

m/m

$·

I·\

1990 Year (2) m/m $

~

Project Personnel 11.

Experts Project Director Consultants STC- Regional Training Course Subtotal: Experts/Consultants 12 73 150 6

11.01 11.50 11.51 11.99

36 575

6

.: 36 575

1.5 13.5 13.5

9 750 82900 82 900

1.5

9 750 46 325 I

6 6

36 575 36 575

7.5 7.5

19. CoiJJponent Total 30. Training 32. Group Training 32.01 Regional Training Course 39. Cooponent Total GRAND TOTAL

46 325

0

VI

I

, .•

31 500

31 500 31 500

Jf 500 114 400

99.

36 575

77-825

PROJECT BUIXIET COVERING GOVERNMENT PARTICIPATION To be determined ,

q::

.. .

't.

••.._:<.!

... , . ~-··

;\·. :..

.:···1

::;_

•.. :.

'·. ·;: :;t'}

'L..-

Annex 1 PRELIMINARY WORK PLAN

\

Activity Number

Activity Description

Location

Starting Month

Extent 9f activity (Inclusive ~onths of Project)

Remarks

1 • 1 .1

On-site consul tancy support to assist -·in Participating preparation of ~itten assessment of countries country situation Hational.wor.l:shops on overall chemical safety programme plann.ing and i~plementation

1

1 - 7

6 m/m overall at . about 1 m/m per country

1., .2

Participating countries PROC* PHL

6 vorkshops (1 per 4

4- 7 8- 1?

country)

V\

, .1.3

Technical studies on specific chetlica.l safety problems Translation of core documents into national language On-site consultancy support to assist in preparation of project proposals Translation of core documents into national l~~guage

6 "D/m overall 8

*Wl!

divided betveen PHL* 1 and ROI

., • , -4 , .2.1

Participating countries Participating countries Participating countries

2 18 18

2-7

3 m/c overall 18- 20 18- 20

1.2.2

«PROC- People's Republic of China PHI.. - Philippines

[

-~~

·.

}.

! ----------------~-------------------------~-~-----~--~e Activity }~umber

Activity Description

Starting Month 8

Extent of Activity (Inclusive Months of Project) 8- 20

Remarks

Location

2.,.,

Reviev of legfslation, rules and regulations

PROC

MAL, PHL,

ROK

6 m/m overall {1 r:./m for l-aL B:Dd ROK; 2.5 m/m for "PROC; and 1.5 m/m for PHL)*

3.1., 3.1.2

Regional Training Course Fellovship training of selected staff abroad

Y.'HO(PEPAS)

15

1.5

one-veek·course

Selected foreign ·countries Participatirig countries Participating countries I?.E.QClll, HAL, PHLt tiDK

8

8 - 20

30 m/m over all (6 m/m }er country

N

VI

4., .1

Reviev and preparation of educational material Translation and printing of educational material Training courses for.community health vorkers

12

12- 20

3 m/m averill

4.1.2

18

18- 20

-

4.2.1

21

21 - 22

3 courses

(MAL; PROC; and PHL)*

•HAL - HaJ.aysia PROC- People's Republic of China PBL - Philippines ROK - Republic of Korea

PARTICIPATING GOVERNMENT FOCAL POINT AGENCIES AND PERSONNEL, AND DAlES OF PROJECf ENDORSEMENT

Government Project Personnel Country Focal Point Agencies and Post Title

Dates of Project Endorsement

Malaysia

Department of Environment

Mrs Haijah Rosnani Bte Ibarahim Assistant D.G. (Monitoring Section)

26June 1990

People's Republic of China

Ministl)' of Chemical lndustcy

Mr Furun Lu Director, Environmental Protection Research Institute

5 March 1990

w

U"1

Philippines

Department of Environment and Natural Resources

Ms Angie Brabante Officer, Waste Management Section Environmental Management Bureau

3 Januacy 1990

Republic of Korea

Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology

Dr Ja-Kong Koo Head of Env. Systems Research Lab.

28 March 1990

~ z 26June 1990 N

Singapore

Ministry of Environment

Mr Khoo Chin Hean Director, Pollution Control Dept. "-"""""""

:><:

t:r:l

DISTRIBUTION

UNDP

Headquarters (5) UN Library, New York (2) The Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme in the People's Republic of China United nations Building 2 Dongqije Sanlitun 100600 Beijing China (12) The Regional Representative of the United Nations Development Programme in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore, Kuala Lumpur (12) The Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme in the Philippines, Manila ( 12) The Resident Representative of the United Nations Development Programme in the Republic of Korea, Seoul (12)

Focal Point Agencies

Mr Furun Lu Director, Environmental Protection Ministry of Chemical Industry P.O. Box 1442 Beijing Hepingli, Beijing China Mrs Hajjah Rosnani Bte Ibarahirn Assistant D.G. (Monitoring Section) Department of Environment Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment 13th Floor, Wisma Sirne Darby Jalan Raja Laut, 50662 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

- 2-

Ms Angie Brabante Officer, Waste Management Section Environmental Management Bureau Department of Environment and Natural Resources 6th Floor, Philippine Heart Center Bldg. East Avenue, Quezon City Philippines Dr Ja-Kong Koo Head of Env. Systems Research Lab. Korean Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 373-1, Yusong-gu Taejon 305-701 Korea Mr Khoo Chin Hean Director, Pollution Control Department Ministry of Environment Environment Building 40 Scotts Road Singapore 0922

HQ WHO/WPRO

UN Library, Geneva Regional Director DPM DHP DET DPP DPC DSP RAs (one copy for circulation) EDT (22 PIO AOP COR REG (project file) Director, EHC (10) Kuala Lumpur Beijing Manila Seoul Singapore