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3.
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1
WHA33.32
5%.
5.
(740
1
-
6.
2000
1
WHO/NHD/01.1).
2
7.
1
8.
9. 40
2..
10. 3,3% (17,6 1
WHO/NHD/01.3).
3
2
The management of nutrition in major emergencies ( ), ISBN 92 4 154520 8.
(http://www.who.int/nutgrowthdb/) and de Onis M, Blössner M. Prevalence of trends of overweight among preschool children in developing countries. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000, 72: 1032-1039. 3
3
1.
11. 1990 1992
2.
12.
3
13.
1 Law M et al. Fetal, infant, and childhood growth and adult blood pressure. A longitudinal study from birth to 22 years of age. Circulation, 2002,105, 1088-1092 (http://circ.ahajournals.org/cgi/reprint/hc0902.104677v1.pdf) 2 3
Haider R, Ashworth A, Kabir I, Huttly S. Effect of community-based peer counsellors on exclusive breastfeeding practices in Dhaka, Bangladesh: a randomised controlled trail. Lancet, 2000, 356: 1643-1647 and Santos I, Victoria CG, Martines J et al. Nutrition counseling increases weight gain among Brazilian children. Journal of Nutrition, 2001, 131 (11): 2866-2873.
4
14.
2000 1
1995 2
3
15. 2001 4
-
1
2 Kramer M et al. Promotion of breastfeeding intervention trial (PROBIT): a randomized trial in the Republic of Belarus. Journal of the American Medical Association, 2001, 285(4): 413-420.
Philipp B et al. Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative improves breastfeeding initiation rates in a US hospital setting. Pediatrics, 2001, 108: 677-681. 4
3
(
Wellstart International. WHO/NHD/99.2).
5
16.
1
2,
- 3
WHA54.2). Codex
Alimentarius
Codex Alimentarius
-
17.
Codex 1
-
WHO/NUT/96.3
WHO/CDR/93.3-93.6,
Integrated management of childhood illness: a training course for first-level health workers (document WHO/CHD/97.3.A-L), http://www.who.int/child-adolescent-health 3
2
A54/INF.DOC/4.
6
-
1 2
18. 3
19. No. 191 No. 183)
1 UNICEF, UNAIDS, WHO. HIV and infant feeding: Guidelines for decision-makers. A guide for health care managers and supervisors. A review of HIV transmission through breastfeeding ( WHO/FRH/NUT/CHD/98.1-3).
81)3$81,6():+281$,'6 ,QWHU-Agency Team on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV. New data on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and their policy implications (document WHO/RHR/01.28). 2 3
HIV and infant feeding counselling: a training course (
WHO/FCH/CAH/00.2-6).
7
. 20. 1981 WHA34.22
1
1
21.
2.
-
22.
-
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1 2
. family foods for breastfed children WHO/NHD/00.1,
Complementary feeding: WHO/FCH/CAH/00.6).
8
23.
1
-
24.
1
.
9
Acute respiratory infections 20% 20%
Other 29% 29%
Malnutrition 54% 60%
Diarrhoea 12% 12%
Perinatal causes 22% 22% HIV/AIDS 4%4%
Measles 5% 5%
Malaria 8% 8%
and Murray CJL at al. "The Global Burden of Disease 2000 Project: aims, methods and data sources", Global Programme on Evidence for Health Policy Discussion Paper No. 36, WHO, Geneva, 2001; based on 2000 data.
10
Ã
(1980-2005
1980 b
1985 % ( )
1990 % ( )
1995 % ( )
2000 % ( )
2005 % ( ) 33,9 (45,5)
% ( ) 38,8 (32,6)
37,8 (36,4) 36,8 (39,4)
35,8 (41,3)
34,9 (43,6)
54,1 (175,1) 48,4 (169,2) 42,8 (162,0) 37,3 (135,9) 32,2 (115,3) 27,4 (96,4)
23,4 (12,2)
20,1 (10,8)
17,1 (9,4)
14,5 (8,0)
12,3 (6,8)
10,3 (5,7)
48,1 (221,3) 43,3 (216,3) 38,5 (208,6) 34,0 (182,2) 29,8 (161,0) 25,9 (140,5) a
b
the 1998 revision, New York, United Nations, 1999).
. World population prospects –
2001
11
b
5
c
-
70,9 92,4 3,9 2,9
94,5 93,7
9,6 10,4
4 471 10 643
11 060 37 872
94,1 d
4,4 e
2 429 e
97,2 15,5 94,1
2,9 e
1 591 e
15,5 87,8
3,3
17 561
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50 593
a
b
c
World population prospects – the 1998 e
revision, New York, United Nations, 1999). d
o de Onis M, Blössner M. Prevalence and trends of overweight among preschool children in developing countries. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2000, 72: 1032-1039.
12
a
) % b
% ( 124 39 172 130 ) 20 5 12 15 ( 53 16 127 c
) 49 20 69 c
b
152 124 740 a
32 8 13 .
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b c
=
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