Contraception within the context of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive lives: country profile: Gambia

Gambia Contraception within the context of adolescents’ sexual and reproductive lives: Country profile SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS Both Sexes Female Male 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years Total population of adolescents (millions)1 (2020) 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 % of total population that are adolescents1 (2020) 23.0 12.2 10.5 12.6 10.7 % of adolescents that live in rural areas2 (2014) 39.9 40.6 36.7 43.3 38.0 % of total rural population that are adolescents2 (2014) 23.0 12.2 9.5 14.0 10.4 % of total urban population that are adolescents2 (2014) 23.5 12.5 11.4 12.0 11.1 % national monetary child poverty3 (2017) No data Completion rate for lower secondary school4 (2013) Female 47.3 Male 49.5 Completion rate for upper secondary school4 (2013) Female 27.8 Male 32.8 Out of school rate Female No data Male No data CHILD MARRIAGE/UNION STATUS5 (2018) Female Male Adolescents, 15-19, who are married/ in union (%) 17.1 0.1 % married/in union before age 15 (aged 20-24) 7.5 0.0 % married/in union before age 18 (aged 20-24) 25.7 0.2 SEXUAL ACTIVITY6 (2013) Female Male 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years % of adolescents engaged in pre-coital physical behavior No data No data No data No data % of adolescents that ever- had sex No data 24.8 No data 22.7 % of adolescents having had sex by age 15 No data 5.7 No data 6.1 % of adolescents sexually active in the last month No data 12.6 No data 4.8 FEMALE GENITAL MUTILATIO5 (2018) 10-14 years 15-19 years % of girls who have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting 68.4 75.0 GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE6 (2013) % of girls who report experiencing: 10-14 years 15-19 years Physical violence in the last 12 months No data 12.6 Sexual violence in the last 12 months No data 0.8 % of adolescents (aged 15-19) who think a husband is justified in hitting or beating his wife in certain circumstances5(2018) Female Male 54.1 44.8 CHILDBEARING % of adolescent girls who have begun childbearing7 (2019-20) 10-14 years No data 15-19 years 13.8 % of women (aged 20-24) who gave birth before 18 years5(2018) 17.3 Number of births per 1,000 girls, 15-196 (2019) 65.8 % of adolescent girls (aged 15-19) with live births who received antenatal care (ANC4+ visits)7 (2019-20) 75.8 % of births among girls (aged 15-19) attended by skilled health personnel7 (2019-20) 85.6 ABORTION 10-14 years 15-19 years Abortion rate per 1,000 girls No data No data FERTILITY INTENTIONS & CONTRACEPTIVE US66,9 (2013) % of most recent pregnancies experienced by adolescent girls aged 15-19, including current pregnancies by planning status Married/ In union Unmarried/ not in union Last pregnancy wanted (<2 years) 92.8 38.8 Last pregnancy wanted later (>=2 years) 7.2 61.2 Last pregnancy not wanted at all 0.0 0.0 % of adolescent girls (aged 15-19) with an unmet need for modern methods of contraception 7(2019-20) 29.3 No data % of sexually active unmarried adolescent girls (aged 15-19) who currently use at least one method of modern contraception5 (2018)s 2.6 Current use and non-use of contraception, 15-19 years 9 (2013) Contraceptive method mix, 15-19 years 9 (2013) No data available Main reasons for not intending to use contraception, 15-19 years 9(2013) Main sources of contraception, 15-19 years No data available 96.3 2.5 1.3 92.0 8.0 0.0 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Not using Modern method Traditional In Union Not in Union 37.6% 14.2% 9.2% 8.4% 6.7% Breastfeeding Respondent opposed Husband/partner opposed Fear of side effects Knows no source In Union 82.1% 13.6% 3.9% 0.1% 0.4% Not married Not having sex Respondent opposed Husband/partner opposed Knows no method Not in Union WHO/SRH/20.16 © World Health Organization 2020. 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For more information, please contact: Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research; E-mail: srhavp@who.int Website: www.who.int/health- topics/adolescent-health/ HIV/AIDS, SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS (STIs) AND HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS (HPV) Female Male 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years 10-19 years 10-14 years 15-19 years Number of adolescents living with HIV10 (2020) 580 <500 <500 <500 <500 <200 Number of new HIV infections among adolescents per year10(2020) <100 No data <100 <100 No data <100 % of adolescents with comprehensive knowledge about AIDS7 (2019-20) No data No data 19.1 No data No data 15.0 % prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among adolescents6(2013) No data No data 6.4 No data No data 3.0 % of sexually active adolescents who had an HIV test in the last 12 months and received the results6(2013) No data No data 21.0 No data No data 4.3 % of girls, 15 or older, who have completed the full three dose vaccination schedule for HPV No data No data No data No data No data No data MENSTRUAL HEALTH5(2018) 10-14 years 15-19 years % of adolescent girls who were aware of menstruation before the onset of their first menstruation No data No data % of adolescent girls who did not participate in social activities, school, or work due to their last menstruation in the last 12 months No data 32.5 DATA SOURCES 1. World Population Prospects, 2019 Revision. Population data. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Available from: https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Population/ [Accessed 17th October, 2019]. 2. United Nations. World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 Revision. New York: United Nations; Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2014. 3. Keeley B, Little C. The State of the World’s Children 2017: Children in a Digital World. UNICEF: New York; 2017. 4. UNESCO Institute of Statistics. UIS Statistics. Available from: http://data.uis.unesco.org [Accessed 23rd September 2019]. 5. The Gambia Bureau of Statistics. The Gambia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2018, Survey Findings Report. Banjul, The Gambia: The Gambia Bureau of Statistics; 2019. 6. The Gambia Bureau of Statistics- GBOS and ICF International. The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2013. Banjul, The Gambia: GBOS and ICF International; 2014. 7. The Gambia Bureau of Statistics (GBoS), Ministry of Health (MoH) [The Gambia], and ICF. The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2019-20: Key Indicators Report. Banjul, The Gambia and Rockville; 2020. Maryland, USA: The Gambia Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Health, and ICF. 8. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World Population Prospects. Fertility data- 2020-2025. Available from: https://population.un.org/wpp/Download/Standard/Fertility/ [Accessed 30th October 2019]. 9. The Gambia Bureau of Statistics - GBOS and ICF International. The Gambia Demographic and Health Survey 2013/GMIR60FL.DTA. Rockville, Maryland: General Directorate of Statistics, GBOS and ICF International; 2014. 10. UNAIDS. Trends of new HIV infections. Available from: http://aidsinfo.unaids.org [Accessed 9th October 2020].