WORID HEAI:rH ORGANIZATION
REGIONAL OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC WP,AWS/.2 Rev. 1 1 September 1954 ENGLISH OOLY
REGIONAL COMMITTEE Fi.t'th Session Manila 10-16 September 1954
Agenda Item 8
REPORT OF THE RJiOIONAL DIROOTOR
INTR<DUCTION This report, as stipulated by Regional Co~ttee resolution WP/RC4/R7 1 covers the period, 1st August 1953 to 31 July 1954. During this time there has been a steaey increase in the workload, due to the fact that the Region was enlarged to include additional territories while an increasing number of projects have come into operation. On top of this, there was a curtailment of funds under Technical Assistance for Economic Development. The insufficiency in TAED funds discovered in January 1953" became acU.te in August. This necessitated frequent review of budget requirements, allotments, and adjustments of 1953 operations, and revision of 1954 plans. It also .caused the breaking off of certain project negotiations and the withdrawal of offers 1 an unfortunate necessity in view of the commitments made by other organizations and by Goverments. I ~g-lad )o report that the Governments and organizations concerned have been most understanding. It :was also gratifying to observe how well the staff worked under su~h ditticulties, · On the other hand several projects were successfully terminated,
new ones were initiated and certain others redefined to suit changing needs. In all these phases of project development, government co-operation has been obtained. The continuation of projects by local counterparts upon the withdrawal of the international personnel has been well observed and local preparations for the initiation of projects have been, on the whole, satisfactory. When the need for modification of a project arose, in the light of experience gained, joint consult a tiona were called and redefinitions made accordingly. · MEMBERSHIP Membership of the Western Pacific Regional Committee following fourteen countriest (a) Countries with their seats of Government within the Region• 1. Australia/ consists ~ot~the
Yr/RC5/2 Rev. 1 Page 2 1. 2. Australia Cambodia China Japan Korea
4. 5. (b)
3.
6. 7• 9.
a.
Laos New Zealand :Philippines Viet-Nam
Countries responsible for territories within the Region: 1. 2. France The Nttherlands Portugal
4. 5.
3.
The United Kingdom The United States of America
The territories assigned to this Region are as follows:
1. 2.
4.
3.
5.
6. 7. 9.
a.
10. 11. 12.
13.
14. 15.
American Samoa British Solomon Islands Protectorate Brunei Cook Islands Fiji French Oceania Gilbert & Ellice Islands Guam Hongkong Macau Malaya Nauru Nether lands New Guinea New Caledonia New Hebrides
16.
North Borneo Trust Territory Papua and New Guinea Portuguese Timor Sarawak Singapore Tonga Other U.K. and New Zealand possessions :in the .South Pacific Western Samoa
17. Pacific Islands
1a. 19. 20.
21. 22.
23. 24.
THE FOUR'IH REGIONAL COMMITTEE M&<;TTIW
The Fourth Regional Committee Meeting was held in Tokyo, from 3 to September. The Regional Director, the Director of Health Services, the two Regional Public Health Administrators, the Regional Adviser in Health uducation, the Chief of Administration and Finance, and the General .Services Officer, and seven other members of the Regional Office went to Tokyo for this meet:ing.. All Member Countries were represented on the Fourth Regional Committee, with the exception of Korea and Laos, while the United States of America participated as a member instead of an observer as in the paste Nineteen observers, represent:ing fourteen organizations, were also present. Dr. Takemune Soda, Chief Representative of Japan, was elected Chairman, with Dr. J .M. Cruikshank, Chief Representative of the United Kingdom, Vice-chairman. Dr. C.H. Yen, Chief Representative of China, and Dr. Henri Marcel, Chief Representative of Viet-Nam, were /
a
WPJkCS/J. Rev. l Page .3 were elected Rapporteurs in English and French respective~. Dr. Candau, the Director-General, was present throughout the duration of the meeting. Mr. Pate, Executive Director of UNICEF, addressed the representatives and observers during one of the plenary sessions of the Technical Discussions. During this meeting, the Regional Committee, inter alia, took the following actionsa l. Studied the financial situation of the Organization and recommended ways ~ which Member Governments of the Region could increase and stabilize the Organizat4.on 1 s resourcee~t (WPJRC4fttlO) J
2. Reviewed the suggested amendments to the 1954 programme and budget and authorized the Regional Director to continue projects already initiated, and to establish priorities for projects in 1954 which have regional significance, or projects for which commitments have been made by Governments and other international organizations (WP/:RC4/R6);
3. Reviewed the proposed programme and budget for 1955 and authorized the Regional Director to establish priorities for projects in 1955 which have regional significance, or projects for which commitments have been made by Governments and other international organizations, in order to assist in strengthening · national health administrations and to assist education and training progra:i!lnes, relating the above to region-wide control of diseases, particular~ malaria, nutritional diseases, smallpox, tuberculosis, V.D. and yaws (WP/:RC4/:Rl2). During the Regional Committee Meeting, the representatives held technical discussions on the subject, IIHealth Planning". These discussions were attended by some of the observers who also took an active part in them. In conjunction with the Regional Comndttee Meeting, a Seminar on World Health was organized by the United Nations Association of Japan. The Japanese Government gave its fullest co-operation and assistance which proved 100st valuable towards making the Regional Committee Meeting a success, The UNKRA Tok;yo Office also assisted in ma.ey w~s. After the Regional Committee Meeting, a number of Representatives and members of the Secretariat went to Okaya.ma as guests at the Japanese
Public Health Association Annual Assembly,
THE/
*
Following the Regional Committee session, the resolution was officially brought to the attention of all Member Governments • Up till the time this report was finished no replies have been received. However, the services of one specialist were continued beyond the period WHO had budgetted for 1 by Government's reimbursement of WHO for her services,
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 Fage 4 THE RIDICNAL OFFICE General: On l September, the Regional Office will have been at its permanent site in Manila for three years. Accommodation: Some of the buildings at present occupied by the Regional Office are temporary structures which have deteriorated considerably. The prefabricated building, th~ need for which was referred to in the last .Annual Report, was added to the existing buildings in the Regional Office colll!Jound. It houses the library, the conference room and two offices. The need for more suitable and commodious accommodation for the Regional Office has been felt for some tll1le. With a view to arriving at a solution to this problem, the possibility of a permanent WHO building to house this Regional Office and those of the local representatives of the UN and its specialized agencies, is being explored. Organizational Structure & Staffing There have been no major changes in personnel although, in the interest of econo~, it has been found necessary to suppress the post of Regional Statistician and Programme hvaluator and those of the Area Representatives. With the exception of one of the two posts of Regional :iublic Health Administrator, now provisional:q occupied by one of the regional advisers, all posts in the Regional Office have been filled. (~lease refer to appendix 1.) It is expected that the vacant post Will shortly be filled. Recruitment of field personnel continues to be difficult and has caused delays in starting some projects, but the Gowrmnents concerned have been most understanding. {Please refer to appendices 2 and 3 for geographical distribution of staff.) The WHO Staff Association is functioning smoothly. ACTIVITIES
Most of the countries and territories in the Region were visited by the Regional Director and/or Regional Office staff during this report period. Some members of the Headquarters staff and several specially recruited short-term consultants were in the Region on sp~cific assignments. Valuable information was &xchanged and advice given. In February, while Board meeting, the Regional visited the Regional Office experiences in the solution
on his way back fran Geneva after tht: ji;xecutive Director broke his journey at New Delhi and for South-Last Asia to exchange views and share of common problems. Members/
WC/RC5/2 Rev. 1 Page 5 Members of the Secretariat attended as WHO observers in Tokyo, the ILO Asian Regional Conference, the UNESCO ~minar for Youth Leaders of South and East J~sia, and the EC11FE Regional Technical Conference on Water Resources Development. Staff members served as moderator, panel member or rapporteur at the ~ighth :racific Science Congress held in Manila. Co-ordination of work with other agencies operating within the Region has been accomplished through local co-ordination committees. Sub-committees under the Public H"al th iTogra.nme Co-ordinating Committee in the Philippines were formed to deal with the following: 1. 2. Bilharziasis hnvironmental Sanitation Health Mucation and Training Hospital Rehabilitation Malaria Maternal and Cllild Health Mental Health Rural Health Units Tuberculosis
4.
3.
$. 6. 7. 6.
9.
Representatives of the :.?hilippine Department of Ht~alth, WHO, UNICEF, and FOA have been appointed to each of the sub-committees. The Co-ordinating Conunittee in the ~hilippines, Which is composed only of the heads of the participating agencies, believes that real and more effective co-ordinatim will result, beginning from the planning stages of projects, when their representatives at the operational level meet regularly in its subcommittees. The relationship between WHO on the one hand and the Resident Technical Assistance Representative of the TJIB and the Chiefs of other U.N. Agencies such as UNICEF and UNESCO on the other, continued to be highly satisfactory during the period.
WHO has assisted UNICEF in the formulation of many programmes for different countries throughout the Region. The three main types at programme, and the countries in which they are operating are as follows:MCW Equjpment for Health Centres - Cambodia, China, Hongkong, North Borneo, ilnilippines and Sarawak.
Drugs and Diet Supplements - Cambodia, China, Hongkong, rhilippines and Sarawak. Milk Feeding - Cambodia, Hongkmg, ~lalaya,
i'hili.ppines,
Sarawak and Singapore. In all, there are within the Regioo some 20 llHCEF-assisted programmes associated with Maternal and Child Health.
During/
?age 6
~ /Rc5/2 Rev. 1
During the period, the short-tem consultant on hospital construction revisited several countries in this Region to give final advice on hospital plans for which he had previously been responsible. Ih view of our financial situation, this consultant kindly offered to visit Saigon and rl:mom-Penh while in the Region on business not directly ooaR md t with WHO, requiring the Organization to pay only his per diem ......d.owances and his transportation, and not accepting consultation fees. I am happy to be able to report that in conm:ction with the campaign against ~allpox Which was given gr~at emphasis during the meeting in Tokyo, an expert in preventive medicine is at present in the Region undertaking a survey of smallpox from an epidemiological and public health standpoint. His report and recommendations are awaited. EDUCATI<ll 1\ND TRAINING The post of Regional Adviser on Education and Training was filled during the year, with the result that there has been added impetus given to the surveying of the educational strength and weakness of the Region, to the consolidating of the fellowship programme and to the development of assistance to educational insitutions. An outstanding feature of the ~ar has been the increasing interest shown in exchange programmes between medical schools in the Region and those outside. This has been fostered by the success of the exchange programme between the Johns Hopkins University School of iublic Health and the Institute of Hygiene of the University of the i'"hilippines, mentionEd in another part of this report. At the moment, negotiations regnrding three other programmes, similar in principle but differing in detail, are taking place. It is the policy of the Regional Office to act as the originator and co-ordinator of these programmes, to withdraw support as soon as the programme is stabilised and to direct attention thereafter to other institutions where similar needs exist. Another feature of the year has been the :increasing number of fellows pla::ed within the Region, particularly in .k.ustralia, Japan, New Zealand, and the :rhilippines. This is in pursuance of a resolution (Wi"/RC4/R7) passed by the Regional Committee during its 4th session. This year there were 26 intra regional fcl,lowships as ccr:ptircd with 12 last year. Sixty cne individual fellowships totalling five hundred and 81i.Ytlt!Sy "' B~:xnmel onehalf mcnths wcro awarded during the p~ricd under discussicn. (Fer details, please refer to f•ppendix 4). National .fellowship selection committees have been most co-operative and, as a result, Deans of Schools of .P ublic Health and officers in charge of other institutions at which WHO fellows have studied have commented favourab~ on the calibre and level of attainment of WHO fellows. The Regional Office has also been of assistance to other Regions in the placement of their fellows in institutions or organizations in the countri~s of the Western iacific. It has also assisted governments in the formulation of study programmes for their own officers. I would like to thank the Governments of Member Countries and the institutions/
WP/RC5/.l Rev. 1 Page
7
tions in these countries to which we have sent fellows, for the cooperation afforded this Office, and the hospitable reception and generous assistance given to fellowship holders. During the year, two seminars were held, one on Mental Health in Childhood and the other on Dental Health. The Seminar on Mental Health in Childhood was held in Sydney University from lD-27 August, 1953, at the invitation of the Australian Government. Its objective was to bring together workers in the fields of child health, child welfare and education from the countries of the Western Pacific Region. Participants from the South-East Asia Region were also inVited. The following countries and territories sent participantst Australia, Burma, China (Taiwan), Hongkong, Indonesia, Japan, l4alaya, New Zealand, the Philippines, Sarawak, Singapore and Thailand. There were in all 3? participants who were awarded fellowships by 'WHO, in addition to observers. WHO provided four consult ants from outside the Region. The Dental Health Seminar was held in Wellington from 4-21 May, 1954, at the invitation of the Government of New Zealand. The objective of the Seminar was to bring together experts on dental health for the purpose of exchanging views regarding some of the important dental health problems in different parts of the world, with particular reference to the problems facing countries in the Western Pacific, South-East Asia and Eastern Mediterranean Regions. The following countries and territories sent participantst Australia, Burma, Ceylon, China (Taiwan), Egypt, Fiji, Hongkong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Japan, Korea, Malaya, New Zealand, North Borneo, the Philippines, Sarawak, Singapore, Territory of Papua and New G.tinea, Thailand and Vietnam. There were a director, seven consultants and '4 participants, in addition to observers. During the, year, the Regional Adviser on Education and Training visited Australia and New Zealand to survey the facilities available for the post-graduate training of WHO fellows with iarticular reference to nursing, child health, and public health. In the period under review, we received information that a School of Public Health recommended by the WHO/UNKRA Health Planning Mission had been established in Korea. As was to be expected, a modest start was made. MOst of the faculty members are on a part-time basis, assisted b,y foreign specialists visiting the country. The school is at present offering short courses to technical personnel employed in the Government health services. Credits for work done are accumulated for the degree which the school hopes eventually to confer. I wish also to report that the Institute of Public Health in Taiwan opened in February of this year, !allowing a re-organization of the Institute of Tropical Medicine of the National University of Taiwan. FOA provided $25,000 worth of equipment and supplies. The training offered includes a nine-month course leading to a diploma, and a two-year course (the diploma course being the first part) leading to the degree of Master of Public Health. Dr •. S.K. Quo/
'WF'/RC5/2 Rev • 1 Page 8 Dr. S.K. Quo, a former WHO fellow is Director of the Institute. In March, the Dean of the Harvard School of ~ublic Health and the ~resident of the .hmerican ?ublic Ht:~alth .Association, who is also Professor of ~ublic Health ~dministration at Harvard, visited the institute to explore ways in which it can be assisted• .ilROMOTIOO OF MAT1!.RNA1l1.ND CHilD HEALTH An attempt has been made in this Region to promote maternal and child health b,y all four methods used by the World Health Organization to assist Manber Countries in the strengthening of their health services: -
1) Demonstration projects. - Maternal and child health demonstration projects have been operating in Cambodia, China (Taiwan) and Hoogkong. 2) Short-term consultants. - An expert en prematurity visited Manila at the end of 1953 to advise on the establishment of a Domiciliary i'remature Infant Care Service and on the training of pf::rsonnel for this Service.
3) Fellowships for overseas study. - 'lbe following went under WHO auspices for studies abroad in MCH:
a) Cambodia cne health officer for studies in paediatrics. b) China (Taiwan) Che midwife and one nurse for studies in midwifery and public health nursing. c) Hongkong Two nurses for studies in paediatric nursing. · d) Japan
Two medical officers and one nurse for studies in the care of premature infants; two doctors in physiotherapJ6 one in occupational therapy, one in speech therapy, one social worker in medical social work and one nurse in orthopaedics. All the fellowships W8re awarded in connection with the project for the care of handicapped children. e) Philippines
One doctor and one nurse for studies in the care of premature infant~.
4) Seminars.-/
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 ?age 9 4) Seminars. - The ~minar on Mental Health in Childh~od held ~n. Australia in August 19.5'3 bas already been mentioned. The Semmar part:J.c:J.pants are applying in their o'Wil countries and territories the knowledge gained during the Seminar.
NURSTIW Significant developm~nts in nursing education and administration include the following: 1. bducational facilities for basic schools of nursing have been strengthened. Some schools of nursing are placing more emphasis on the public health and social aspects of this field in the basic curriculum. This phase of nursing education needs further strengthening for nurses to make their full contribution in health education of the public. Through the fellowship programme, local staff are being prepared for teaching posts. Several Governments are developing plans for the training of public health nurses Within the country. This trai.ning is adapted to local needs, a.nd is more economical than sending nurses abroad. supervisors and administrators are being strengthened. Countries offering such post-graduate courses are accept:ing fellowship students fran other countries. Some are arranging special study programmes, when th~se are requested, for foreign students. iarticipants of the Nursing Education Seminar held in Taiwan in 1952 are reporting continued benefit from the opportunity they had of sharing experiences and studying together. The nurses from the ~hilippines have since conducted two workshops of their own, one on nursing education and the other on the improvement of the hospital nilrsing service. Nurses from all parts of' the country participated in these study groups. The nurses from Japan have conducted study groups for nurses teaching in schools of nursing and in public health. In response torequ.ests from several Governm6nts, plans are under way for a nursing senti.nar to be held in 1955. InterE;St has been expressed. in the stucying of nursing administration and in the training of auxiliary health workers. HEALTH IDUCJ~TIW
2.
3. Facilities for the post-graduate preparation of nurse teachers,
OF 'lliE iUBLIC
The need for health education of the public has been constant~ under review. The Regional Adviser on Health Education visited the folloWing countries and territories: China (Taiwan); Singapore, where WHO health education specialists are attached to the WHO/VD project and to the thliversity of Malaya project; Australia; Brunei; Japan; the Federation of Malaya; the Territory of Papua and New Guinea; and the ~hilippines. The activities
of/
W /RC5/2 Rev. 1 ~age
10
of the health education experts in China and Singapore are referred to elsewhere in this report. Ih general, While we are great~ encouraged by the receptiveoess which has been shown to health education in the Region as a whole, we cannot say the same regarding the acceptance of the need for a professional health educator, a broad~ trained individual who understands public health and can assist other members of the health team to irrprove their effectiveness in conveying their concepts to each other, to other professional people, to finance atukDt4&r:: gQTe~en'll oJ.'!icials, as well as to the public. Th~re is still too marked an inclination to regard the health educator as a disciple of pedagogy and the purv~7or of health education materials and media. The health education tenet of community participation is slow to be undE:Jrstood and accepted. The need for help:ing people to realise the need for, to analyze, to plan and carry out programmes for the improvement of the individual and collective health in a manner suited to their own social setting, gains but slm-1 recognition. The visits of the Regional Adviser on Health Education to the countries of the Region have been directed to the emphasizing and explaining of these needs. In the period under review, onlY one fellowship has been given in health education, and only two are anticipated in 1955. 1~ Health J!ducation Seminar is being planned for 1955. In addition, the Office has been invited to send the Jidviser to attend an All-.t\ustralian H~alth .c.ducation Cmference in February 1955. During his visit to Australia this year, the l1dviser was invited to help in the planning of this Conf~:rence.
J:NVmONMliNT.hL
~J:.NITJ1TION
Diseases susceptible to control by known enVironmental sanitation techniques consti iute a large segment of the morbidity and mortality in many countries in this Region. Only a few urban communities have water supplies which meet minimum public health standards, and rural dwellers almost entirely utilise water which, if not obviouslY contaminated, is certainly suspect. Sanitary disposal of human excreta is ~.atr1eed-i;U ~a fn urban areas. In many conununities and in almost all rural areas, soil pollution and contamination of drinking water are evident. Other environmental factors, such as housing, refuse disposal, rodents and flies, are subject to either partial or no control in many countries of the Region. During the period under review, we have endeavoured to assist a number of Gov~:rnments in defining the existing problems in studying short and long-range plans for improvement of environmental sanitation, in providing the services of a consultant, by arranging for a free inter-flow of tE.;chnical information, and by providing fellowships. The Regional Adviser on Lnvironmental Sanitation visited many countries in the Region with . a view to surveying and evaluating the sanitation probl~ms. Interest in this field of public health has been manifested by the number of requests received from Governments. for assistance. It/
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 iage ll It is hoped that an .tnvircnmental &anitation Training Course could be offered in collaboration with the WHO Regional Office for South• east Asia in 1956. MaLARIA AND JNSECT OONTROL Although malaria is still a major public health problem in many countries in th~ Region, progress has been made in the control of this disease during the period under review. Assistance to the malaria control project in Cambodia was resumed in August 1953. Dl China {Taiwan), the WHO-assisted malaria and insect control project has been progressing satisfactorily. It is expected that the houses of more than 5,300,000 people will be sprayed with insecticides before the end of 1954. Arrange• menta have been made to implement a malaria pilot project in North Borneo with WHO and WIC.EF assistance, starting in mid-1955. The results of the WHO-assisted malaria pilot project in the ~hilippines served as the basis for the planning of the over-all malaria central programme of the Government, now in operation with FaA assistance. WHO assistance to the pilot project was tennin ated on 30 June 1954. WHO &.lso provided technical assistance to the dieldrin field experiment which was started in that ccuntry in early 19.54. The preliminary results of the Sarawak malaria pilot project indicate th~t residual insecticides can control malaria tran~itted by~ leucospmus. The First J.sian Malaria Control Conference, htild m Bangkok in St:iptem er 1953, was a success. It was devoted chiefly to the organizational and administrative aspects of malaria control. In November 19.54, an inter-regional m~laria control conference will be held in Taipei under WHO auspices, (Headquarters), to discuss technical aspects of malaria control in the Southeast .Asia and Wt;Jstern i? acific Regions. TUBERCULOSIS AND BCG BCG campaigns, carried out by Governments with th~ assistance of the Organization, reached their peak in the year under review. A campaign began in Vietnam and onb is just about to begin in C~bodia; international personnel were withdrawn from the ?hilippines on 31 December 1953 and the Government is continuing the work; BOG vaccination has continued throughout the year under Govt:rnment auspices in Brunei, China (Taiwan), the Fed~ration of Malaya, Hongkong, Sarawak and Singapore. In the two largest projects - Taiwan and the i'hilippines - the number of children tested passed the three million mark during the year. 1il the last calendar year the number of children tested in the Region was 44,283,222 of whom 34,2~,882 completed the test. The BCG Assessment Team, specially recruited and trained by the Organization to assess the value of the work, began operations on 1st January 1954 and is working in close co-operation with the Organization's Tuberculosis Research Office. The Organization •s assistance to BCG campaigns, now at its height, will diminish in future until all the projects are being conducted solely by Governm~nts. Tub~rculosis control projects in a wider s~se are now envisaged. J~tl
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 il-age 12 At the r~qu~st of th~ Gov~rnm~nts of China (Taiwan), and the ?hilippines, intensive negotiations and planning have proceeded during the year to assist such projects in the near future.
The WHo-assisted VD and treponematoses control programmes have progressing satisfactorily, and Governm~ts are making new requests for WHO assistance in this field. The Regional Adviser on VD and Treponematoses has visited several countries and territories to study their problems in order to make appropriate recommendations. be~n
l'UBUC INFORMATICN
Government assistance in developing public interest in combined endeavours has been most helpful. World Health nay · observance in most countries of the Region was more extensive in 1954 than in previous 1fia:rs. During the period under review, the Regional Office distributed over 60,000 units of,information material of 15 types in 4 languages, as compared with 36,000 for the same period in the previous year. The · mailing list has been revised and brought up to date. The number of press releases increased from 36 to 106. Greater use by the press of these materials has been noted, together with increased publication of photographs. The series of radio broadcasts from Manila which was commenced in the early part of 1952 was continued throughout 1953. Interrupted in the early part of this year, the series ~as resumed last May. The opening of a television station in Manila last November provided a further useful channel for WHO news. Films dealing with the Seventh World Health Assembly and the hx.ecutive Board were widely distributed to cinemas. h~alth
Regional rublic Information Officer participated in a seminar held in Manila an the United Nations and its Specialized Agencies, with special reference to WHO, and in a seminar an WHO held in Tokyo. Th~
In close collaboration with the Japanese Government, which provided the translation and supervised publication, the WHO folder was published in a Japanese edition. As in previous years, WHO information materials were published in Chinese. 8pecial attention is being given to the utilization of the various Nations Associations in the Region as distribution centers for information materials on WHO. JuTangements made for World H~alth Day covered the ~reduction of posters, pamphlets, folders and booklets; the holding of press interviews, public meetings; cinema shows; and the giving of school lectures and radio talks, etc. In many places, World Health Day was extended into a week. Further, to publiciz.e the World Health Day theme, the slogan, "The Nurse, Pioneer of Health" was postmarked, usually for a period of one month, on all letters passing through the post-offices of a number of countries in the Region. The Regional Office also marked with the slogan all outgoing mail during a similar period. The/ Unit~d
WP/RC5/2 ?age 13
Rev.
l
The Office initiated a move in the i'hilippines to inform the public of the combined activities of agencies co-operating to raise the level of health in the country. It is hoped to publish, under the aegis of the ihilippine Department of Health, 50,000 copies of a brochure produced by the WHO Regional Office, the United Nations Office in Manila, the UNICEF Mission to the :rhilippines, and the u.s. Foreign Operations Administration Office in Manila. 'The .prOgr&sS'~so. far: ; made .. ie due _ to . the . e::xrb61lst·v•Enc.~ · operat..ion- dr I'OA. · hCTIVITIES BY COUNTRihS AUSTRALIA During the report period, the Deputy Director-General of Health and Medical Services of Queensland was an a ~0 fellowship, awarded in 1953, studying public health services in Hcnglcong, Italy, the Netherlands and the u.s.A. A medical officer in the Canmonwealth Department of Health made a WHO-sponsored study tour of tuberculosis control work in Canada, the U.S.~. and the Territary of Hawaii. · J.Ll'rangements were being made to place the candidates recommended by the Government for the two 1954 WHO fellowships.
BRUNEI Nursing Ed.ucation The J.~.ssistant Nurse Training ?rogramrne that was started with the assistance of the WHO nursing ins truct<r in 1951, has been firmly established and turned over to the Govertu~Ent. Plans are under way for local · girls to be trained as fully qualified nurses. A School Feed:ing ~heme was organized with the assistance of th~;;; WHO nurse. The Government reimbursed the Organization for the exp(.>nses of WHO persamel. Assistance was given in arranging a fellowship for a local nurse to study public health nursing in New zaiand under Government auspices. Malaria Pilot iroject Assistance was provided to the Goverrw::nt during October-December 1953 through the assignment of a WHO mal.ar:iDlogist who conducted a preliminary survey and directed the first residual spraying operations. i>crsonnel of the WHo-assisted Malaria ~ilot project in Sarawak provide technical advice to the Govermn(.>nt on Malaria control. CAMBODTA/
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 ?age 14 CAMBODIA
iublic Health Administration Since the end of 1953, a WHO i'ublic Health Administration expert has been stationed in rhnom-i'~nh to assist in planning for health, to advise on the strengthening of the health services and to co-ordinate the work of the WHo-assisted projects in Cambodia. This expert is also looking after the WHO-assisted projects in Laos and Vietnam and acting as UNIC.EF representative in Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Royal School of Medicine WHO assistance to this School has continued throughout the year through the services of two WHO mawrnal and child health specialists who have lectured in physiology, paediatrics and obstetrics, using the paediatric wards, the health cRntres and the school h~alth service for practical experience. A request has been received for the extension of this assistance, and negotiations are in progress for its redefinition. Nursing Mucation Refresher courses have been given to 20 nurses, who, as a result, are able to accept mare responsibility in their work. Under guidance, the local counterparts of the WHO nurses have participated with medical officers, national and international, in this refresher training of clinical · and public health nurses. The training of midwives will be started as soon as the WHO midwifery instructor arrives. The Govermnent has formed a sub-committee on nursing to study nursing problems and make recommendations to the Consultative Committee on National Health. Maternal
& Child Health
WHO assistance to the MCH demonstration project in ~hnom-i.lenh has been continued dur:ing the year. Much progress has been made in improving the quality of paediatric care at the General Hospital. There are now three health centres providing some maternal and .child health services within the city of rhnom-i'enh. So far, no expansion into rural areas has been made. The WHO team leader has made a notable contribution to the Royal School of Medicine by the teaching of paediatrics and obstetrics as well as certain other subjects. She has done a great deal in the community to awaken interest, particular~ that of women, in the welfare of children and has fostered the organization of voluntary assistance groups. Malaria
& Insect Control
WHO assistance in malaria control was resumed in August 1953 with the assigrunent of a malariologist and a public health sanitarian. A demonstration and a comparison area have been established in order to obtain/
~/rwS/2 Rev. l ?age lS
obtain detailed malariometric observations. The experience gained in these areas is being used m the rdsidua.l spraying operations which have alrea.ctr started in other parts of the country. It is unfortuna:t.e that security conditions have prevented the team from fully carrying out the plans made in consultation with the Government and FaA. BCG -
The \110 BCG specialist visited the country m June and made arrangements to begin the campaign at an early date.
CHINA (TAIWAN)
Nursing administration in Taiwan has been strengthened by the establishment of a post for the Chief NUrse in the ~rovincial Health Administration. A sub-committee on nursing has been established to be responsible for nursing affairs to the medical co-ordination committee. Plans for developing a training co:urse for public health nurses are under consideratiort. The five WHO nurse instructors, m collaboration with their local counterparts,. are preparing student nursing manuals to be printed in Chinese. Manuals in nursing arts, obstetrical nursing and paediatric nursing will be ready for printing this yt;ar. Tht~ prephration of a medical and surgical nursing manual is under way. Fellowships have been awarded to prepare local nurses for teaching positions and to strengthen the nurs:ing services. The nursing education team works in close co-operation with tht~ WHO MCH and VD teams in the training of local personnel. The Nation~l Taiwan University is planning to raise, with WHO and FOA assistance, the standard of the National Taiwan University Hospital School of Nursing to university level. This is a part of the Government plan to develop local education facilities for the preparation of nurs:ing teachers, administrators and supervisors. Maternal
& Child Health
WHO assistance to the MCH Demonstration project in Taichung has been continued throughout the past year. The courses for public health nurses and midwives were conducted according to schedule. llll intensive in-service training course of 2 months duration for staff-level nurses and midwvies is offered to the personnel from 50 health stations mcluded m a UNIChF-assisted MCH expansion programme. By the end of Ju4r, 60 staff-level nurses or midwives completed m-scrvice training.
It is hoped that an even greater contribution can be made if the WHO team leader acts in an advisory capacity in the establishment, improvement and sup~Jrvision of maternal and child health services in all health centres/
WP/RC5/2 Page 16
Rev.
1
centres and stations throughout Taiwan. Participants from Taiwan in the Mental Health in Childhood Seminar included, among others, the Principal of the Llfiliated Primary Schools, the 'r3chnical Expert in charge of the }!ental Hygiene Division of the National Institute of Healt}l, and the Cnief of N.Urs:ing at the National Institute of Health. Environmental ~anitation
11. WHO short-term consultant in public health engineering will work for 3 months in 19.54 in close collaboration with the engineers of the rrovincial Health Administration and the Provincial Department of Reconstruction, to study the organizational and adnrlnistrative establishments and their functions, to suggest ways ~of ·improving-"and..;:1!'tilrengthening. thE;a, and to study the delineation of areas of responsibility. The consultant will also assist the Government in studying and evaluating the major san~ta• tion problems, make specific recommendations far their solution and advise on their priorities.
Two WHO public health b'llgineers will pro'ceed in 1955 to iroplenent the recommendations of the· short-term consultant, advise and assist in a pilot project, take part in the training progl'amme and demon strata modern and economical procedures in environmental sani.taticn. cne engineer, experienced in general sanitation, will work in the 1rovincial Health Administration and the other engineer, experiar.ced in water works, sewerage, etc., will work in the Provincial Department of Reconstruction. Triple Immunization A tripartite plan of operations between the Government., WHO and UNICEF for a mass campaign to immunize infants and children aga:inst
diphtheria tetarrus, and whooping cough, has been signed. It is expected that the cfunpaign will greatzy reduce the ccnsiderable morbidity and mortality resulting from this group of diseases. UNIC.l:F is providing supplies and equipment which Will permit the Government to produce and use the vaccine locallY undbr WHO technical supervision. BCG The BCG campaign continued most successfully during the year, and the latest available cumulative totals were:Starting test Completing test Nt:;gatives Vaccinated
..
3,016,613
-
2,651,644 1,817,543 1,813,108
Planning for a Tuberculosis Control Centre of the type recommeruEd by the. Organization, reached an advanced stage. Malaria&/
WP/RC5/2 Rev • :U. i·age Malaria & Insect Control This project is proceeding satisfactorily. In 1953, more than 1,500,000 people were protected against malaria by DDT residual spraying, and this year, satisfactory progress has been made toward achieving the objective of spraying the houses of more than 5,300,000 people. Efforts have been made to further the tram:ing of local persamel by providing two fellowships in 1954, and steps have been taken to transfer the operational and administrative reS}Jonsibilities gradually to the local team of opposite numbers. Trachoma The pilot project, implemented with WIC~ supplies tmder WHO technical guidance, proved to be a success. The Government will launch an island-wide trachoma mass campaign among school children this coming September, using llHCa' supplies. It will be initiated with the assistance of the international specialist whom WHO had sent previously, first .to st.art the pilot project and later to assess its results. The Government plans to set up a 'b'achoma control ceD'b'e in Taipei and also employ 44 teams whioh will give lectures on trachoma and its prevention and treatment, examine school children and instruct school teachers in the treatment. These teams will also 'b'ain the personnel in the 365 health stations scattered throughout the island, who will work in the permanent trachoma clinics to be set up in these stations. The exan ination of all school children for trachoma at the beginning of each scholastic year shall become a permanent school health procedure. It is expected that when the three years of the project are up the number of cases will have become so reduced as to remove tr.achoma from the list of public health problems in the province of Taiwan. The work of looking for and treating trachoma cases would then become a routine work of the health stations. In certain areas the family contacts of the school children will also be examined, and treated if fo\Uld to have trachoma, in order to ascertam if this is more effective th?n treating trachoma only among school childrm. V.D. Con'b'ol Considerable progress has , been achieved in this WHO/UNIC~-assisted project. The international team is composed of a venereologist, a serologist, a health educator and a public health nurse. With a view to extending the campaign to cover the entire island of Taiwan, more than 60 doctors and 9S nurses and midwives and 30 sanitary inspectors .f'ran the various health centres and stations have been trained. A reference laboratory has been established for the training of laboratory technicians and for the checking of tests.
17
FIJI/
WPtRC5 /2 Rev. 1 Page 18
Central Medical SChool
-
FIJI
At the request of the Government, a visit to this territory was paid by the Regional Adviser on Education and Training to examine the curriculum and activities of the Central Medical School, with a view to recommending the assistance that might best be rendered by WHO. As a result, a request has been made for the services for two years of lecturers in biology and physiology, and for equipment and supplies. A feature of this request is the agreement to extend the assistance given for a further two years by association with another medical school in the Region, assisted by the Organization, and with appropriate enlargement of the staff of the School to provide counterparts. Treponematoses Control The Regional Adviser on VD and Treponematoses visited ~his territor.y and advised on the organization of a yaws control programme which will have WHO and 'UNICEF assistance. This assistance will also cover Western SSJIX)a. HONGKONG Maternal & Child Health The WHO-assisted MCH project in Hongkong, planned as a demonstration, had not functioned as such during the first year. The WHO team leader regarded the. strengthening of the Government 1 s socio-medical approach to child health problems as of first priorit.y and had worked strenuously with her local counterpart to this end. A wider approach to child health problems has been developed and case work instituted in a more complete form. The work of the MCH centres was reviewed and the weaknesses noted. The pre- and post-natal phases of the work were felt to be particular:cy in need of strengthening. For some time it had been recognized that the MCH services were too centralized. To obtain better distribution, arrangements were made to hold ante-natal and post-natal clinics in public dispensaries. There are now some 17 MCH clinics whereas prior to 1953 there were only 7. UNICEF is providing the equipment and supplies. Improvement in the maternity care services in Hongkong is being considered. Streng'\D:!ning of the training of midwives in pre-natal care and health education during pregnanc,y has been urged. Co-operation in the establishment of emergency maternal and child services at the camp set up for the victims of the Kowloon fire was an unexpected activity during the year and the results indicate that it was a valuable piece of work which will have lasting effects. The WHO public health nurses also assisted in an overall survey of public health nursing and in the improvement of the school health programme. Hongkong/
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 ~age
l9
Hongkong sent the ~cturer in Psychology of the Uni versi cy of Hongkong as their participant in the Seminar on Mental Health in Childhood. On her return, the lecturer gave public addresses ard took part in various activities concerned with the improvenent of the training of teachers and others concerned with child health work. Jh consultations with the Department of Education, the Social Welfare Office and the WHO team leader, consideration was given to ways by which mental health in childhood might be improved and to the establishment of a child guidance centre. JAPAN
Insti. tute of :..<ublic Ht::alth The agreement to implement a WHo-assisted project designed to strengthen the D ~partments of i'pidaniology and Medico"'"social Serv.tce of the Institute of ?ublic Health was signed ~ing the year. Fellows in medical social service and epidEmiology will proceed overseas later in the year, and a consultant in epidemiology will visit the Institute early in 1955. Assistance to the National Institute of Mental Health
The first phase of \iHO assistance has ended. Tht:: second WHO shortterm consultant visited Japan and his report and recommendations were accepted by the Gevernment and by WHO. The equipment and supplies which WHO undertook to !'a.rnish have almost all been delivered. The Government has requested the continuation of WHO assistance, and provision of same ie proposed in the programme and budget estimates for 195'6. Nursing Education The Government has plans for an educational programme to prepare teachers in clinical nursing, public health nursing, and midwifery. Arrangements are being made for the courses to be given at the Insitute of iublic Health. The recruitment of a WHO nursing education consultant is under way. Maternal and Child Health {Care of Handicawed Children) Work on the WHO/TJUC.W-assisted project for the care of handicapped children, in particular, crippled children, has continued and the five fellows: one in nursing, two in physiotherapy, one in occupational therapy and one in medical social work, have returned to Japan. They are now able to put into operation the programme reconunended by WHO. Ih addition, a fellowship in speech therapy far cerebral palsy children was awarded. Two Japanese participants at'Wnded the Seminar on Mental Health in Childhood, one from the Aiiku Research Ihstitute for Maternal and Child Health and the other from the Child Guidance Section of the Tokyo Child WeJ.tare Centre. Environmental/
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1 Page 20
Environmental Sanitation Plans have been made for WHO to assist the Government in a pilot project for the sanitary collect;ion and disposaJ. of night soil. The project includes the provision by WHO of two international staff, a limited amount of equipment and supplies and two fellowsh:ips. K<RFA
During the rep crt period, four Kcr ean doctors were trained under WHO auspices, three for twelve months each in bacteriology, virology, and in laboratory control, while one made a three-month stuey tour of health s~rvices in the Region. ~la::ement was being arranged for another three doctors to be trained for the National Health Demonstration Centre. Another partial fellow, for "Whom 'WHO awarded transportatdon to Canada and back, is still pursuing his studies in that country.
Other Education and Training Services
-
UC\9
.l:.ight laotian fellows are studying at the Royal School of Medicine in :?hnom-Penh, Cambodia, under WHO auspices. This is the only instance in the Region where the Organization is supporting undergraduate medical training. Yaws Control This WHO-assisted project was started in January 1953, and considerable efforts have been made to wage a successful anti-yaws carnpaign9 In spite of poor means of communication, the team was able to visit 471 villages, examine 97,212 persons during the second, third and fourth. quarters of 1953, and treat 4,992 cases and 829 ccntacts, in the province of Savannakheto Unf'ortunate:cy-, special circumstances at present existing in the country have prevented the project from progressing satisfactorily during the past several months.
MAlAYA Nursing Education The work of two members of the WHO nursing education team is being taken over by the Government this year. Additional local personnelare being prepared for teaching posts. The GovernmEnt plans to assume all responsibi· lity for the teaching programme by the end of 1955. Plans are under way for a public health nursing course that will eventually fulfUl the Government J.~equirements for perscnnel. The Government prefers to train public health nurses in Malaya according to their own requiranents. It is believed that better training can be given locally at considerably, less cost than is required to send nurses abroad. N.E.'THERIIa.NDS/
Wf'/RC$/2 Rev. 1 iage 21 Nl!.TH&U.ANDS NEW GUlNEA
Malaria Control A fellowship has been awarded to enable thE: Government malariologist to observe malaria control activities in South hast Asia and Western racific countries. Technical advice has been provided by the Regional Malaria Adviser to the Government rs malaria· pilot project. ·yaws Control The Regionall1dviser on VD and Treponematoses visited this territory last May to study the yaws problem and to discuss control measures which could be applied b.f the Government. Suitable recommendations have been made. WHO/UNICEF assistance for the Government's intended yaws campaign has been proposed.
NEW Z.FAIMID The Inspecting Dietitian of the Department of Health received a WHO fellowsh:ip and is on an observation tour of hospitals in Scandinavia, the United Kingdcn and the U.S •.A. NCR TH BORNEO
Nursing Education The Government has established a new s~ nool of Nltrsing with full student status for student nurses. All of the teaching programme, '60lli theoretical and clinical, is planned according to the educational needs of the students. At the same time, student nurses are helping to meet the service needs of the hospital. \fHO instructors are assisting at the School of Nur sine in the training of personnel far public health clinics. Some teaching E·':};,_._pment has been provided. l!nvironiOOntal Sanitation The Government had been assisted by a WHO consultant in planning water supply 3lld sewage disposal facilities for urban communities which had suffered considerable war devastation. This short-tenn consultantship comprised the first phase of WHO's assistance. The second phase includes the services of two WHO public health engineers who will make detailed surveys, plans, and designs, and cost estimates of and specifications for sanitary structures. The second phase of the project is already being implemented. Malaria i"ilot i'roject Arrangements have been made to start a malaria pilot project in mid1955 with WHO and UNIC.EF assistance. The primary objectives of the pilot project are: (l) to determine the extent and severity of the malaria problem in the country, ( 2) to determine if residual insecticides wou~d be an effective/
WP/RC5fi Rev. l Page 22 effective and economical means of controlling malaria in North Borneo, (3) to train local personnel, and (4) to assist the Government in establishing the malaria service required to solve the problem. PHIUPPINJ!S
University of the Philippines {Institute of aygiene) This project in which the Institute of Hygiene of the Universit,y of the Philippines, Johns Hopkins Universit,y, the Rockefeller Foundation and WHO are jointly concerned has progressed with increased momentum during the year. Visits have been made by the Johns Hopkins Professor of Public Health Administration on two occasions in 1953 and 1954, the Professor of Sanitary Engineering in 1953 and 1954 and the Professor of Microbiology in 1954. Johns Hopkins Associate Professors in Sanitary Engineering, Parasitology, and Microbiology have joined the staff of the Institute of Hygiene for one year, while two of the staff ot tbe Institute hav• bsea to Johns Hopkins School of Public Health :·..>r one year, Johns Hopkif...S Professors in Sam tary Engineering and Pu..:.:•asi tology are expected shortly at the Institute of Hygiene and two fellows in sanitary engineering and parasitology leave for Johns Hopkins for the next academic year, A feature of the year 1 s work has been the introduction of an elective course in sanitary engineering for which six engineers have enrolled, It is also encouraging to note that enquiries have been received from other countries wishing to send their WHO fellows in parasitology to the Institute of Hygiene in the coming year, A request for an extension of the programme for two more years has been received. Johns Hopkins University and the Rockefeller Foundation have agreed to this and the latter· is expected to bear a larger share of the costs in the immediate future, Maternal & Child Health The WHo-assisted MCH demonstration project in the Philippines was the first within the Region. After receiving international assistance for one year {195D-1951), it has been continued to good advantage by national workers. A very large number of medical officers, public health nurses and midwives from the rural areas have been receiving pre- and in-service training at this project, Assistance has been given to a new programme associated with the Manila Cit,y Health Department, through which it is hoped to improve over-all neo-natal care, first in Manila and subsequently throughout the whole country, The programme is one for the domiciliary care of premature infants, linked with the existing domiciliary obstetrical service. Equipment and supplies for the training centre and service are provided by UNICEF,
The/
~age '23
WP/RC5/2 Rev. 1
The :Chilippines sent as participants to the Seminar on Men tal Health in Childhood four workers from agencies concerned with different phases of child health work. These were a nurse concerned with health education in the schools; a social worker from the Department of Social Welfare; a psychiatrist from the National Mental Hospital; and a psychologist from the Philippine Women's University who is also associated with the Institute of Human Relations. Since their return, all have had opl;ortunities to apply their newly acquired knowledge. Two have been appointed to the SubCommittee on Mental Health of the .:hilippine J:ublic Health Co-ordinaticn Conunittee. 'Midwife!¥ Training With the assistance of the WHO midwifery consultant, a survey was made of the services and the facilities available for the training of midwives. A midwifery advisory conunittee has been helpful in defining the duties of midwives and village hilots. A programme .for the training of supervisors, public health nurses and village hilote was initiated. rniCEF is providing equipment and a small allowance for hilots during traming • ..
~viranmental
Sanitation
Negotiations have been in progress .for WHO to assist, in co-op:: ration With other agencies, in the establishinent of a Department of SaJ:d.tary Blgineering in the University of the Philippines in order to supp)¥ qualified personnel to undertake environmental sanitation work. In the meantime, WHO, in collaboration with Johns Hopkins University, is providing a lecturer in public health eng:ineering to the lhstitute of Hygiene of the University of the Philippines.
Subject to availability of funds, it has been propc:sed to assign a WHO public h~alth engineer who would serve as consultant to the Government and assist in the reorganization of environmental sanitation activities. The Regional Adviser on .hnvironmenta.l Sanitatim and the WHO lecturer on environmental sanitation at the :mstitute of Hygiene participated :in the Government's rodent control campaign in Cotabato frovince.
BCG The BCG campaign continued most successfully and internatiora.l persamel were withdrawn on 31 December 1953. The latest~.Ye totals were:Starting test Completing test Negatives vaccinated The/
W'i!/RC5/2 Rev. l l?·age
24
The BCG Assessment Team spent 3 months in the country and a preliminary report from the WHO Tuberculosis Research Office gave most interesting results. Planning for a tuberculosis control centre, of the commended by the Orsanization, continued through the year. Bilharziasis rilot ~reject This project is now in op~ration, with its headquarters and laboratory at ralo, L€yte. WHO has assigned a zoologist and a public health engineer, and the WHO epidemiologist reports for duty in August 1954. On the project, preliminary studies are being made on the snail intermediate host and on the various factors affecting the propagation of the disease. LX~erimental work on control of the disease has also been s + ;:-:.rted~ ty~e
re-
Ivialaria ?ilot I1roject The results of the malaria pilot project in the i~hilippint.:s showed that residual spraying of houses with insecticides is an effective and economical method for controlling malaria transmitted by A. minimus ~virostris and A. mangyanus. '!his information has been us~<r by the Government and FOA as the basis of their planning of the over-all malaria cont:::-ol programme in the i'·hilippines. The pilot project also served to provide additional training to Government mal.ariologi•ts·-and entOlll.ologists now assigned in different parts of the country. WHO technical assistance and guidance had been given to the dieldrin field experiment, as well as to the follow-up of the pilot project. WHO assistance to the pilot project was terminated on 30 June 1954. Treponematoses Control This WHO/UNICEF-assisted project has been proceeding satisfactorily. The original project, which consisted of the Samar-Leyte Yaws Control Demcnstration, was completed on schedule in August 1953. The campaign has been extenood to Surigao, Cotabato, Agusan, Catanduanes 1 Davao and Zamboanga del Sur. The yaws control wcrk has been integrated into the local health st:rvices. The "Integrated Yaws Control irogra.mme" which is planned against yaws in areas where its prevalence is known to be low, has been started in .Antique, Cavite, Masbate, Ta.rlac, Iloilo, Capiz and Misamis Oriental.
Envir cnmental Sanitation Gcvernment
m field investigations preliminary to the operation of a water treatment/
The Regional Ji.dviser on Mvironmental Sanitation assisted the
WPfttC5/2 Rev. l Page 25 treatment plant at Mukah. A visit was also paid to Kuching, where various environmental sanitation problems were discussed with the Government. Malaria Pilot Project Progress has been made in the malaria pilot project. The results to date indicate that malaria carried by A• leucosphyrus can be controlled by residual insecticides, but more work has to be done to obtain definitive data. In addition to the malariologist, WHO provided an entomologist in December 1953. In March 19541 the Government seconded a medical officer to the project. The Government has requested the extension of WHO assiat.ance to this project in 1956. Treponematoses Control (Combined with BOG and Malaria Contr~l
work)
As the Government does not intend to embark on a specific yaws control programme at this time, the WHO-assisted Malaria project is treating cases of yaws, particularly when working in areas inaccessible to the ordinary medical services. Treatment of yaws is also being undertaken by the Government BOG staff. SINGAPCRE University of Malaya Continued progress is reported regarding this project. During the year, four WHO lecturers in health education, applied physiology, applied nutrition, and biostatistics took part in the first post-graduate course in public health given by the University. There were three students in fuU standing and one special student in statistics. All three passed the examination for the Diploma which, it is gratifying to report, has been recognized by the General Medical Council of the United Kingdom under the new provisions of the Medical Act (1950). This Act empowers the Council to declare as registrable, Commonwealth Diplomas in Public Health which camp~ with the standards of the Council. The Lecturer in Health Education, having finished her two years 1 contract, has now left Singapore, leaving her counterpart, the Health Education Officer of the Government Health Department, to carry on her work. Her services were widely used by both the Government of Singapore and the Federation of Malaya and by the various voluntary agencies. She has made a firm foundation on which, it is expected1 health education services will be built. The Lecturers in Biostatistics and Applied Physiology will remain till the middle of 1955, but it is anticipated that the Lecturer in Applied . Nutrition will be transferred soon to Brunei whose Government has made a · request for her services. The counterpart in Biostatistics has just completed his overseas study in the United Kingdom, and the camterpart in Applied Physiology is due to proceed overseas in the next academic year. A request/
fage 26
WP/RC5/2
Rev.
l
.A request has been made for the redefinition of the project in
1956 by which WHO will join with the Lcndon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in giving assistance to the University of Malaya. Nursing .l:iducation
The basic training of midwives that was organ:lssed by the WHO instructor has been taken over by the Government, Refresher courses are given to practising midwives in the Government service and in private practice./ . 11 home-care service for mothl:lrs returning home one day after delivery is proving most successful. Flans are 'l.mder way for the organization of a domiciliary delivery service. The Government has arranged for local nurse• midwives to take post-graduate training in preparation for midwifery teaching and for the supervision of the midwifery service. The recruitment of two WHO nurse instructors is 'l.mder way. They will assist at the Government school of nursing.
T1Rfil TORY OF PlU:"UA AND NEW GUlliEA Anvironmental Sanitation The Regional Adviser on ~viranmental ~anitation visited this territory in April and advised on the improvement of Pert Moresby's water supply. Malaria Pilot i.'·roj ect ~forts have been· made to assist the Government in a malaria pilot project which would be complementary and supplementary to the malaria pilot project which is being implemented by the Governm~~t of Netherlands New Guinea, A fellowship has been planned to give further training to a Government malariologist.
VIE"'NAM Maternal
& Child Health
WHO/UNICEF assistance for the MCH project in Viet~am has been under discussion throughout the year; the plan of operations has been drawn up and is awaiting Government signature. Considerable assistance has been given by the leader of the WHO MCH
team in Cambodia. TB-BCG The BCG campaign began in March 1954 and is continuing. Discussions w~re held with the Government about the possibility of a tuberculosis control project.
Wi/RC5/2 Rev. 1 Page 2 7 :k'ublic Health J1dm:inistration It is hoped that the WHO public health administration specialist can soon proceed to his post. Steps are being taken to recruit a public health engineer to assist hirn.
A?iENDU I LIST OF RIDICN.AL OFFICE 1'0STS ORGANIZATIONl1L u"NIT OFFICE OF Rt.GIOO.t\1 DIFiliCTOR I I L
!lOST J~dministrative
Ni:.TIONALITY China ?.I.
Regional Director Assistant Secretary Public Information Officer Information Clerk Secretary
U.K.
Public Information
I L L I
C?Jba
:r.r. i'.I. China and l vacant P.I. (2) and USA (1)
P.I.
BURbii.U OF HEALTH SERVICl!S
I L
Medical Director Regional rublic Health Administrators (2) Secretaries ( 3) Clerk-Typist Regional Adviser on Education & Training Fellowship Assistant Regional Adviser on Health bducation of the Public Regional Malaria Adviser Regional Tuberculosis Adviser Regional Venereal Diseases .i~dviser
L
P.I. U.K. i'.I.
Advisory Services
I
L I
Canada ?.I.
I I I
U.K. U.K. J~ustralia
I I I
Regional MCH l1dviser Regional hnvironmental Sanitation Adviser Regional Nursing 11-dviser Clerk-stenographers (6)
u.s.A. u.s.A. i' .I. (5) and
&tenographic ? ool for Advisory Services OFFICE OF ADMINISTRATION A ND FINJ.NCE
L
u.s.A. (1) I L
Administration and Finance Officer Sec rotary Budget & Finance Officer Finance Officer Chief Accountant Accountant Assistant Accountant .Accounts ClG rk •••• to
Norway China
Budget, Finance
&
Accoun U1
I I I
U.K. U.K. China
L L 1
?.I. P.• I.
P.r • 2 ••.
oo continued on page
Page 2 List of RL:gioncil. Office i'cste Budget, Finance & J~ccounts
(contd.) L Clerk~tenographer
?.I. i'.I. China
L L P~;;rsonnel
Budget Clerk Cashier P~rsonnel i'~rsonnel
I
L General Services I I L L L L L L L L L L L
Officer Records
U.K. China Netherlands Switz..:rland China J..rgentina
kssistant GenGral s~rvic~s Officer Translator (Lnglish/French) Tr;;.nsla tor (l:.nglish/Chinese) Clerk-Translator Procurement Clerk Supply Clerk Travel Clt:rk Rt=gistrar Mail Clerk Library ClDrk Clerk-T,ypists (3) Telephone Operator Custodial Staff (11)
:. ' .r. I!.I.
Vl1CiillT
China I 1 .I.
?.I. i'.I.
P.r. 1954.
• • • • • • • •
•••••• list canpiled on
15
July
.APPli.NDlX 2
GEOORil.PHICilL DThTRIBUTICN OF INTERNATICNk.L
STJ~F
1 A'llguat 195.3 to .31 Jull' C01N'ffiY ll.ustrlia fun IGIAL OFFICE
l$54 FIElD
Belgium Bolivia Canada Chile China
3 1 1
3 2 1
12 2
3
Derunark Finland France Greece India
4 1
5 2 2 1
Netherlands New Zealand
Norway Philippines
2 1 2
1 1 1
Spain Switzerland United Kingdom United States of America
3 1 1
l
1 3
13
7
GIDGRIJI'HICAL DISTRIBUTIW OF WHO SHORT-TERM CQi!SULTiillTS l1ustralia Canada New Zealand United Kin gdan United States of 1 1 1 1 2 1 1
(Malaria & Insect Control) (Mental Health)
(Dental H~alth (Trachoma)
~minar)
(Mental Health Seminar)
(Smallpox Survey) {Public Health Administration) (hnviranmental Sanitation) (Mental Health) (Bacteriology)
.funerica
l 1 1
1\PP.fND1X
3
G.E<XJR.Ai'HICl1.L DISTRIBUTIW OF weAL STii.FF 1 i~ugust 1953 to 31 July 1954 ru.GICNAL OFFICE CUSTODIAL FIEID SECilliTAR IA T
COUN1RY
SEC~TllRil1.T
Argentina China L>hilippines United States
1
4 28 2 ll
1
. . . . . ... .' ...
~PmDIX
4 No. of Fellowships
Fields of Study EPIDEMIOLOGY
Bacteriology & Epidemiology Medical Helndnthology & Protozoology Microbiology Parasitology Virology &Biologics
1 1 1 1 1
HEALTH IDUCATION Health Education 1
MAIARJA & INSECT CW'IROL Malaria Control 1
MATERNAL & CHIID HEALTH Care of .iremature Infants 11idwifcry 'l't::Mhing bpEHiJCh "Jl:lt.rapy ·of Cert:bral k'alSied 'Children mNTAL H:cJtLTH Child Mental Health Child ~sychiatry Juvenile Delinquency in the field of i' sychotherapy Physiological & Psychological Development of Children Public Health J>.spects of Mtmtal Health Psychological Medicine
2 1
l
1 1 1 1
1 1
NURSnm
•
General Nursing Hospital Nursing Administration Operating Theatre course }l'aediatric Nursing
3 2 1 2
l'UBLIC HEALTH ADMDHSTRilTION Cancer Statistics ,Dietary Administration in Hospitals Drug Control Public Health Laboratory Public Health Administration Rehabilitation of the Adult Handicapped 1 1 l
1
21 l
PUBLIC HiAL'IH liNGIN.EERnlG/
- 2 -
:CUBLIC H.EhLTH
~GllfE.ERING
rublic Health Engineering
2
SPE.CIAL SUBJECTS i.ll'latomy Cancer & Radiology ~hthalroology
?hamacology Radiology
1 1 1 1 1
TUBERCUW3IS Tuberculosis Contra 1
Treponenn toses Control Venereal Disease Control Total • • • • • • NarE:
1 1
61
The above breakdown does not include participants to
seminars. Seventy-one such participants attended seminars at WHO exptmse Men tal Health Seminar
(57dn&Y, 10•27 August, 1953) 1 Dental Health Seminar (Wellington, 4-21 May, 1954):
37
34
I.ast year, however, the eightywthree fellowships included 44 participants.
WORLD HEALTH ORGAN!: ZATI ON RIDIONAL CONMITTEE
Rmi ONA.L OFFICE FOR THE WESTERN PACIFIC
WP/RC5/2/ Rev. 1/ Corr. 1 8 September 1954 ORIGINALs ENGLISH
Fifth Session
Manila 10-16 September 1954 Agenda item 8 REPORT OF THE RIDIONAL ill RECTOR CORRIGENDUM
Page ll.
TUIERCULOSIS AND BCG, last sentence paragraph one a Amend to read a "At the end of May 1954 the total rrumber of children tested in the Region in WHO/UNICEF assisted projects w&S 8,0061 115 of whom 6,916,913 completed the test and 4,075,980 were vaccinated."