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1975 HELSINKI FINAL ACT 2015  OSCE This publication has been prepared on the occasion of the 40-year anniversary of the signing of the Helsinki Final Act, a founding document of the OSCE.

© OSCE Table of Contents

Messages …………………...................… 4-7 About Helsinki Final Act ….......................... 8 Helsinki Decalogue ………......................… 9 About OSCE …………….....................…..10 About Dimensions of OSCE ...................... 11 About OSCE activities ……..............… 12-13

             !

" " # $ % &% #   ' Edward Nalbandian Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia

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4 OSCE Lamberto Zannier Secretary General of the OSCE

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Helsinki Final Act 40 5 Ambassador Andrey Sorokin    

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6 OSCE Ambassador Arman Kirakossian Permanent Representative of the Republic of Armenia to the OSCE

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Helsinki Final Act 40 7 About Helsinki Final Act Forty years ago in Helsinki, world leaders got together to sign a unique document that would revolutionize the concept of comprehensive security.

() ; : + % : < )   *") "       G 5 /# #) #"  <  /6  /   #) # )  / ) :/6(/  * )  /  #/ * )# / ) <+ ) # I     / "    "  L-r: Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany, Erich Honecker, First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, Gerald Ford, President of the United States, Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria, Helsinki, 1 August 1975. (Bundesarchiv/Horst Sturm)

East meets West: US President Gerald Ford and USSR General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev (with translator Viktor Sukhodrev at his ear) at Helsinki 1975. Flanking them are Secretary of State Henry Kissinger (l) and Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko (r). (Gerald R. Ford Library)

8 OSCE Helsinki Final Act 40 9 About OSCE () # I     / "    "   ) :#   #  :":  :# I  / : #< ) )     /  *"  $" " # *" 5 :   />)*  ::$" " #   B ?:5 //     +     ":  ::5 : #:: / # () <+ : 5 ""   // *   $ )#)":  :/ :# ) /: 5 / )#)"  :<+)*+ : #/   

2,537 staff €142,304,100 budget 57 participating States 1 goal: security and co-operation

arning - early w y   l securit   - regiona ent 1994 – Budapest arrange m - crisis m anageme nt ation   - co-oper ip    ation embersh rehabilit - broad m CSCE OSCE - consen sus ns l decisio - politica         

10 OSCE About Dimensions of OSCE

Politico-military The politico-military dimension of OSCE seeks to enhance military security by promoting greater openness, transparency and co-operation. It developed the world’s most advanced         broader terms, it focuses on defence reform, policing and the safe storage and destruction of small arms and light weapons and conventional ammunition.

Economic- Human environmental Lasting security is not Economic prosperity and environmental possible without respect issues are the key factors of security. for human rights and OSCE promotes economic co-operation, fundamental freedoms. The environmental awareness and good OSCE helps its participating governance to foster co-operation over States build democratic shared natural resources. institutions; hold free, fair and transparent elections; promote gender equality; ensure respect for human rights, media freedom, minority rights and the rule of law; and promote tolerance and non-discrimination.

Helsinki Final Act 40 11 The many security- related activities of the OSCE

12 OSCE Helsinki Final Act 40 13  ! "# $ 

% Police reform % &   $   % Support to the Ombudsman’s % Democratic control over the reform  armed forces % SME sector development % Judicial reforms % Regional development % Penitentiary reforms % Aarhus Convention % National minorities implementation % Public awareness and education % Environment and Security Initiative

14 OSCE  ! "# $ 

% Electoral reform % Freedom of the media and information % Freedom of assembly % Gender equality % Capacity building for state administration % ! '(  % Fight against corruption % )       *

Helsinki Final Act 40 15  +  '  !  ; / */ / +  $     :X: : YU5'!U5XXX/#   /+ !W   XXU ( :Z[$X\UUT!XWWUW[    *] # <<< #W   ()      < : ) /) ^ *  :/   UU_: TTT / * "   : !% UXXX::< #)     ) *  >  :  *:) ` * /*= /  / # < )  /) *  `  % #   ()  ""^#** L*": *   ^  Z^ ^\  +

Mission ()  ) :"* /  :" / *       / #)   : ()  :/         # )/    : # :   *d * # "   / + #d   * :    d  #< )*  #)d* /  /*d# /  ?: d":    d /)  *) * / 

Mandate ()     /< )"" #*   *": *  #" ":  / ** *  ::) / *   < ) ) * <+"" )   / : ()   *     < ): :)  5    5   )   5 / "       #  * :# I  L" /   * h#  *  :/ #)  "     :+ ):/  / :  #)  *   @ ) #  <      /  :   # 

16 OSCE OSCE Participating States  Andorra  Albania  Armenia  Azerbaijan  Austria  Belarus    Belgium  Bulgaria  Croatia  Canada      Denmark      Estonia  France  Finland  Georgia  Greece  Germany     Iceland  Hungary  Ireland  Kazakhstan  Italy  Kyrgyzstan  Liechtenstein  Latvia  Lithuania  Malta  Luxembourg  Moldova  Montenegro  Monaco  Mongolia  Poland  Norway  Netherlands      Portugal  Slovakia  Serbia  !  Sweden     Slovenia        Tajikistan  Switzerland Macedonia  Turkmenistan  Turkey  Ukraine    "  Uzbekistan

Helsinki Final Act 40 17 Facts & Figures The diplomats and experts who came to Geneva for negotiations were told that the conference would last just a few weeks. In the end, the Geneva negotiations took almost two years.

Several participants married during the CSCE negotiations. There were even marriages between delegates from East and West.

There were 2,400 meetings during the Geneva negotiations. 650 delegates and secretariat staff produced 4,660 documents. Translated into six conference languages, these documents ran to nine million pages            track of what their delegates were actually negotiating. But then something remarkable happened. In summer 1975, consensus was found on reducing all the paper into one Final Act of some 65 pages.

The Signing of Helsinki Final Act was illustrated by 1110 journalists, the security of the Conference was preserved by 400 soldiers and 150 police    

18 OSCE  The Organization for Security and Co- operation in Europe works for stability, prosperity and democracy in 57 States through political dialogue about shared values and through practical work that makes a lasting difference.

Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Office in Yerevan