Case C-321/19: Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 28 October 2020 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Oberverwaltungsgericht für das Land Nordrhein-Westfalen — Germany) — BY, CZ v Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Directive 1999/62/EC — Directive 2006/38/EC — Charging of heavy goods vehicles for the use of certain infrastructures — Article 7(9) — Article 7a(1) and (2) — Tolls — Principle of the recovery of infrastructure costs — Infrastructure costs — Operating costs — Costs related to traffic police — Cost overrun — Direct effect — Ex post justification of an excessive toll rate — Limitation of the temporal effects of the judgment)