Joined Cases C-511/18, C-512/18 and C-520/18: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 6 October 2020 (requests for a preliminary ruling from the Conseil d’État, Constitutional Court — Belgium, France) — La Quadrature du Net (C-511/18 and C-512/18), French Data Network (C-511/18 and C-512/18), Fédération des fournisseurs d’accès à Internet associatifs (C-511/18 and C-512/18), Igwan.net (C-511/18) v Premier ministre (C-511/18 and C-512/18), Garde des Sceaux, ministre de la Justice (C-511/18 and C-512/18), Ministre de l’Intérieur (C-511/18), Ministre des Armées (C-511/18), Ordre des barreaux francophones et germanophone, Académie Fiscale ASBL, UA, Liga voor Mensenrechten ASBL, Ligue des Droits de l’Homme ASBL, VZ, WY, XX v Conseil des ministres (Reference for a preliminary ruling — Processing of personal data in the electronic communications sector — Providers of electronic communications services — Hosting service providers and Internet access providers — General and indiscriminate retention of traffic and location data — Automated analysis of data — Real-time access to data — Safeguarding national security and combating terrorism — Combating crime — Directive 2002/58/EC — Scope — Article 1(3) and Article 3 — Confidentiality of electronic communications — Protection — Article 5 and Article 15(1) — Directive 2000/31/EC — Scope — Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union — Articles 4, 6, 7, 8 and 11 and Article 52(1) — Article 4(2) TEU)