4901Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025.#French Republic v European Commission.#Appeal – Environment and protection of human health – Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 – Classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures – Delegated Regulation (EU) 2020/217 – Classification of titanium dioxide in powder form containing 1% or more of particles of a diameter equal to or below 10 μm – Criteria for classification of a substance as carcinogenic – Reliability and acceptability of scientific studies – Calculation of lung overload in particles – ‘Decisive’ nature of a scientific study – Distortion of the evidence – Error of law – Choice of calculation parameters – Particle density – Scientific assessment – Exceeding the limits of judicial review – Concept of ‘intrinsic properties’ – Grounds included for the sake of completeness.#Case C-71/23 P.cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4904Case C-794/23, Finanzamt Österreich (VAT invoiced incorrectly to final consumers II): Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Verwaltungsgerichtshof – Austria) – Finanzamt Österreich v P GmbH (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common system of value added tax (VAT) – Directive 2006/112/EC – Article 203 – Incorrect amount of VAT entered on the invoice – Article 238 – Simplified invoicing – Services invoiced to non-taxable persons and to taxable persons who do not have a right to deduct VAT – Obligation to pay the part of the VAT invoiced incorrectly – No risk of loss of tax revenue)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4905Case C-784/23, Voore Mets and Lemeks Põlva: Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Riigikohus – Estonia) – OÜ Voore Mets, AS Lemeks Põlva v Keskkonnaamet (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Directive 2009/147/EC – Conservation of wild birds – Article 5 – Prohibitions to ensure the protection of birds – Article 9 – Derogations – Articles 16 and 17 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Prohibition on felling trees during the period of bird breeding and rearing)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4906Case C-703/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – Timchenko v Council (Appeal – Restrictive measures taken in view of the situation in Ukraine – Decision 2014/145/CFSP – Article 1(1) in fine – Restrictive measures imposed on a natural person associated with another natural person who is in turn subject to restrictive measures – Concept of association in the case of two people who have a family relationship)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4907Case C-702/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – Timchenko v Council (Appeal – Restrictive measures taken in view of the situation in Ukraine – Decision 2014/145/CFSP – Article 2(1)(a) and (d) – Inclusion of the appellant’s name due to his support for the actions or policies of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and to the material or financial support provided to Russian decision-makers – Effect of the appellant’s failure to distance himself and of his passive attitude)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4908Case C- 666 /23, Volkswagen (Right to Adequate Compensation): Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Landgericht Ravensburg – Germany) – CM, DS v Volkswagen AG (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Approximation of laws – Approval of motor vehicles – Directive 2007/46/EC – Article 18(1) – Article 26(1) – Article 46 – Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 – Article 5(2) – Motor vehicles – Diesel engine – Pollutant emissions – Reduction in nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions limited by a temperature window – Defeat device – Protection of the interests of an individual purchaser of a vehicle equipped with an unlawful defeat device – Installation of that device after the vehicle’s entry into service – Right to compensation from the vehicle manufacturer on the basis of tortious liability – Ground for exemption – Unavoidable error on the part of the manufacturer as regards the unlawfulness of the defeat device – Principle of effectiveness – Adequate compensation for the loss or damage – Method of calculating compensation – Compensation bracket)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4909Case C-665/23, Veracash: Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation – France) – IL v Veracash SAS (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Payment services in the internal market – Directive 2007/64/EC – Article 56(1)(b) – Obligation for the payment service user to notify the payment service provider without undue delay of the loss, theft, misappropriation or unauthorised use of his or her payment instrument – Article 58 – Notification of unauthorised payment transactions – Rectification of such a transaction by the payment service provider subject to the obligation for the user of those services to notify that transaction without undue delay … and no later than 13 months after the debit date – Articles 60 and 61 – Respective liabilities of the payment service provider and of the payer for unauthorised payment transactions – Successive unauthorised payment transactions resulting from the loss, theft, misappropriation or unauthorised use of a payment instrument – Delayed notification without intent or gross negligence – Scope of the right to a refund)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4910Joined Cases C-636/23 and C-637/23, Al Hoceima and Boghni: Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (requests for a preliminary ruling from the Raad voor Vreemdelingenbetwistingen and the Conseil du contentieux des étrangers – Belgium) – W, X v Belgische Staat (References for a preliminary ruling – Border controls, asylum and immigration – Immigration policy – Directive 2008/115/EC – Common standards and procedures in Member States for returning illegally staying third-country nationals – Article 3(4) and (6), Article 7(1) and (4), Article 8(1) and (2), Article 11(1) and Article 13 – Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Return decision – Decision not to grant a period for voluntary departure – Entry ban – Actionable administrative act – Enforceability of a return decision not containing a provision relating to the period for voluntary departure – Right to an effective remedy – Entry ban decision adopted after a considerable period of time)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4911Case C-600/23, Royal Football Club Seraing: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Cour de cassation – Belgium) – Royal Football Club Seraing SA v Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA), Union des associations européennes de football (UEFA), Union royale belge des sociétés de football association ASBL (URBSFA) (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Article 19(1) TEU – Obligation of Member States to provide remedies sufficient to ensure effective legal protection in the fields covered by Union law – Article 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union – Right to an effective remedy – Possibility of recourse to arbitration – Arbitration between individuals – Imposed arbitration – Decision of a body of an international sports federation imposing a sanction – Award by the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) upheld by a decision of a court of a third State – Legal remedy against the arbitral award – National legislation conferring on that arbitral award the authority of res judicata between the parties and probative value vis-à-vis third parties – Powers and obligations of the national courts before which that arbitral award is relied on – Effective review of the consistency of such an arbitral award with the principles and provisions falling under EU public policy)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4912Case C-544/23, BAJI Trans: Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Najvyšší správny súd Slovenskej republiky – Slovakia) – T.T. and BAJI Trans s.r.o. v Národný inšpektorát práce (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Regulations (EEC) No 3821/85 and (EU) No 165/2014 – Obligation periodically to inspect tachographs – Exemption – Last sentence of Article 49(1) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union and Article 51(1) thereof – Principle lex posterior mitius – Administrative penalties of a criminal nature – Appeal in cassation – New law having entered into force after the ruling which is the subject of that appeal – Concept of final conviction)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4913Case C-514/23, Tiberis Holding: Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Consiglio di Stato – Italy) – Tiberis Holding Srl v Gestore dei servizi energetici (GSE) SpA, Ministero dello Sviluppo economico, Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Sicurezza energetica (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Environment – Promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources – Directive 2009/28/EC – Article 3 – Directive (EU) 2018/2001 – Article 4 – National incentives for the production of energy from renewable sources – Aid scheme – State aid – Article 108 TFEU – Exclusive competence of the European Commission to rule on the compatibility of aid measures with the internal market – Commission decision finding such an aid scheme compatible with the internal market – Action brought before a national court by a beneficiary of aid under that scheme challenging a modality of that scheme which is inextricably linked to its functioning – Inadmissibility, in the context of that action, of a request for a preliminary ruling concerning the interpretation of those provisions of those directives)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4914Case C-427/23, Határ Diszkont: Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Szegedi Törvényszék – Hungary) – Határ Diszkont Kft. v Nemzeti Adó- és Vámhivatal Fellebbviteli Igazgatósága (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Common system of value added tax (VAT) – Directive 2006/112/EC – Article 1(2), Article 2(1)(c) and Article 78 – Exemptions on exportation – Article 146(1)(b) – Exempt supply of goods – Service for the administration of VAT refunds to customers not resident in the European Union – Single supply – Distinct and independent supplies – Principal or ancillary supply – Exemptions under Article 135(1)(d) and Article 146(1)(e) – Protection of legitimate expectations – Taxable amount)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4915Joined Cases C-422/23, C-455/23, C-459/23, C-486/23 and C-493/23, Daka and Others: Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (requests for a preliminary ruling from the Sąd Najwyższy – Poland) – T.B. and Others v C.B. and Others (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Rule of law – Effective judicial protection in fields covered by EU law – Second subparagraph of Article 19(1) TEU – Principles of the irremovability and independence of judges – Non-consensual designation of a judge of a supreme court to sit, for a specified period, in another chamber of that court – Primacy of EU law – Public procurement – Directive 2004/17/EC – Procurement procedures – Application to an agreement for the transfer of ownership rights relating to green electricity certificates of origin – Directive 92/13/EEC – Article 2d(1) – Review procedures in relation to the award of public contracts – No effect of the contract – Contracting entity seeking the annulment of a contract concluded in breach of the public procurement rules – Abuse of rights – None)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4916Case C-397/23, Jobcenter Arbeitplus Bielefeld: Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 (request for a preliminary ruling from the Sozialgericht Detmold – Germany) – FL v Jobcenter Arbeitplus Bielefeld (Reference for a preliminary ruling – Citizenship of the Union – Free movement of persons – Article 18 TFEU – Prohibition of discrimination based on nationality – Directive 2004/38/EC – Article 24 – Principle of equal treatment – Minor child who is a Union citizen with a right of residence under that directive – Grant of a national residence permit to the parent of that child so that the parent can exercise parental authority over that child – Distinction based on the nationality of the child – Parent with a right of residence as a job-seeker – Derogation from the principle of equal treatment as regards entitlement to social assistance – Scope)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4917Case C-102/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – PNB Banka v ECB (Appeal – Economic and monetary policy – Prudential supervision of credit institutions – Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 – Procedural rights – Statement of reasons)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4918Case C-101/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – PNB Banka v ECB (Appeal – Economic and monetary policy – Prudential supervision of credit institutions – Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 – Procedural rights – Effective judicial protection – Inadmissibility)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4919Case C-100/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – PNB Banka v ECB (Appeal – Economic and monetary policy – Prudential supervision of credit institutions – Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 – Procedural rights – Effective judicial protection – Inadmissibility)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025
4920Case C-99/23 P: Judgment of the Court (Eighth Chamber) of 1 August 2025 – PNB Banka v ECB (Appeal – Economic and monetary policy – Prudential supervision of credit institutions – Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013 – Procedural rights – Effective judicial protection – Inadmissibility)cjeu_case · 1 août 2025