Colombia - Amoya River Hydroelectric Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 1 of 2)

E842 Volume 1 Amoya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of Environmental Studies for Generadora Union S. A. by Luis Carlos Garcia Lozano Medellin, Colombia June 29, 2003 f~~~1 -? ;a f.-- J4 ti '  Amoya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmental studies June 29, 2003 2 Acronyms and abbreviations ARESP Amoya River Environmental Services Project GUSA Generadadora Union S. A. ARHEP Amoya River Hydroelectric Project ICAN Colombian National Anthropological Institute ARPP Amoya River Power Plant IGAC Colombian National Geographic Institute Agustin Codazzi CDM Clean Development Mechanism of the Kioto Protocol for ISAGEN Colombian government owned electrical power generation greenhouse gases emission reduction corporation CERC Carbon Emission Reduction Certificate LCSES Latin America and the Caribbean Region Environmentally & CI Conservation International Socially Sustainable Development CORTOLIMA Tolima region environmental authority MoE Ministry of Environment of Colombia EEPPM City of Medellin owned Electrical Power Works NNP Natural National Park EIS Environmental Impact Study PFC Prototype Carbon Fund EMP Environmental Management Plan QAT Quality Assurance Team (from LCSES) GHEG C02, CO and other green house effect gases UPN Colombian national parks administrative unit WB World Bank G eneradora Uni6n S. A., Medellin COLOMBIA  lf*oya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmental s_ k s June 29, 2003 p 3 1 Introduction The present document synthesises the main environmental issues related to - physical, ecological and social characteristics of the areas likely to be the Amoya Hydroelectric Project, which is the main component of the Amoya related to the project construction and operation River Environmental Services Project. This synthesis is based upon a long, in- - main effects of the project's activities and processes on the regional depth environmental analysis carried out by Sedic in 1999 and presented as and local environment and peoples Amoya's EIS for approval to CORTOLIMA, the regional environmental authority - recommendations for an environmental management plan. of Tolima Province where the project is located. There are no major discrepancies between the analysis of the different issues A number of themes were subjected to a review and further analysis during EIS carried out by Sedic and those done afterwards, including the QAT this first half of the current year, upon request from the LCSES-QAT; precis of analysis, although it ought to be pointed out that the hydrology of the Amoya those points considered relevant for the present synthesis were integrated to river has been particularly studied more in depth since then (Restrepo, 1998; main document where appropriate'. The complete analysis of the issues Saldarriaga, 2002; and Deeb, 2003). The gain in precision has not affected raised by LCSES-QAT is included as an appendix. though the general considerations regarding the environmental implications of the project. Some minor points in these regards are indicated in the docu- The synthesis is organised in the traditional form of an EIS and follows closely ment. the original documents2: This synthesis and complementation was carried out by ecologist Luis Carlos - project description, centred around the environmentally meaningful Garcia Lozano. Several people were helpful in many ways, but bear no re- aspects sponsibility in the results nor are they to be held responsible for the lateness of this report: Civil engineer David Puerta Zuluaga prepared earlier drafts of the QAT concerns regarding the ARHEP are of an environmental nature and are related project synthesis and of the hydrological aspects. Agricultural economist Ivan to particular aspects of the natural or cultural setting of Amoya river project, Darfo Pineda Londoho prepared a synthesis of social and economical aspects. therefore, it was considered more appropriate to articulate those concerns to the particular topic in the synthesis, including an outline to the recommendations for Cartography from Autocad files to MapGrafix, a GIS for MAC OS, was pre- mitigation. pared by geologist Pedro de Greiff Gautier. Biologist Adriana Morales Mira 2 Sedic's EIS for the Amoya hydroelectric project were presented in two volumes, the helped with literature searches and summaries. All contributions were useful first one deals with the environmental evaluation per se and the second presents but not all materials were used for the final version and those taken, were the environmental management plan. freely edited. Generadora Uni6n S. A., Medellin COLOMBIA  Amoya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmental studies June 29, 2003 4 2 The hydroelectric project 2.1 Development objective ----- .................... The development objective of the Amoya River Environmental Services - r | Project is to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions from the electrical energy sector in Colombia through the promotion of 80 MW run-of- _- river generation facility. The project is expected to displace on the average 0,39 ., million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (mtCO2e) per year for a total of 7,87 mtCO2e until year 2025. The project will also support an ., environmental programme for the protection of Paramo Las Hermosas, a -l unique, high-mountain biotope, upstream from the hydroelectric facility, and Legend a key component for the water regulation of the watershed, and a social L navr.-w and program that will contribute to improve the welfare of the local rural Jr l . - community in the municipality of Chaparral. m c r,mrp.naff.a; - omrer T;o.wr'a The basic component is a small, run-of-river hydroelectric generating facility l to be constructed on the Amoya River, with a nominal power capacity of 80 .............. .. .. : .. MW to generate around 568 GWh/year. ARHEP is located in the middle Ibagub stretch of the Amoya River (between 1.460 m elevation at the intake, and 930 'Wl m at discharge), in Chaparral, a small city in Tolima province, South Central Colombia, 141 km to the south of Ibague, the provincial capital. (Map 1). AREHP construction, to be initiated in December, 2003 ought to conclude 28 months later in April 2006. The overall investments would total some $97 'alea : * -; million. This figure does not include the costs of construction of the 18 km ae caura '. transmission power line (ca. $7 million), neither the conservation nor the . X ; iOflP.- social development components of ARESP.3 , ' Rio . 2.2 The hydroelectric project component o:Chap.rra. , a 2 The definition of the technical, financial and environmental feasibility, is the x ( result of a series of studies carried out by five different consulting firms . ,, . .( - - - N between 19944 and 1999. Table 1 synthesises the characteristics, the selection f;5. - . = criteria -technical, economic and environmental- for the 9 alternatives .. ,- '---c1, 3. ? analysed during the feasibility phase, and their final ranking, in order of eligi- bility. Map 2 shows their location in the watershed. 3 The general data for the project hydroelectric as well as conservation and social Planadai . components might differ slightly from those reported in other documents. This I , discrepancy obeys to the permanent refining of two basic parameters: mean water ,,* - . flow of Amoya lRiver, which defines annual energy production and CO2 reduction rG capacity and the dollar value per metric ton of reduced CO2. _ _ _ _ _,_ _ _ _ _ _ ,_9 4 The identification of the hydroelectric potential of the Amoya river was derived from a roadway study in a trans-cordillera corridor, in-charged by the Ministry of Map 1. Location of ARHEP region: Chaparral and Amoya river watershed in Transportation in 1994. Hydroelectric an other particular studies began in 1997. Tolima province Generadora Uni6n S. A., Medellin COLOMBIA ) )  ya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmental s June 29, 2003 5 O 8 > _ O g -- 8 Alternatives studied ~~Arn~~~AmyaAmea IFI / R - 930.000 N I4*~~~~~~ g . !' :_W^> t s io~~~~~~~~~r~ysI) -- __- I ; o< oi 72A1 . %. / \ rt r~~~~~~I jErsnl:aoe- Amoya 2A2 .;-,IAo3 ;O * If A ,2u uAi) t < wOl! I J 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~7 rivers and s tream s _ A , ,,_ I 2 watershed bo2Alenaiesouhdroleticndaryet n myawtesed cnidredi te_esiiit tuy I Characteristics are presented in table 1. Modified from NGETEC, 1998 Generadora Union S. A., Medellin COLOMBIA  Amoya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmental studies June 29, 2003 6 Table 1. Comparison of alternatives of hydroelectric development in Amoya and Ambeima Rivers (Taken form INGETEC, 1998) parameter unit Aoa 1 Ambeima I Technical Considerations River bank ____ left ri ht left right riiht right left left riet Water uptake altitude m as] 2.000 1.950 I.TW 1.460 1.460 1.030 2.010 1.800 1.480 Discharge altitude m asl 1.460 1.460 1.030 1.030 930 850 1.500 1.500 970 Net hydraulic jump m 523 474 412 414 508 169 506 296 499 Upstream watershed area km 309 318 518 518 518 623 123 146 229 Mean flow m3/s 11 14 17 17 17 20 5 7 10 Nominal power MW 51,8 57,4 61,6 62,0 76,01 29,8 22,0 17,8 45,1 water conduits (total) Im 1 9.8171 11.5821 10.3751 9.0321 12.4731 6.1481 9.0701 5.6401 7.014 Geology ver 0 0 80 Io40 good 601 20 100 1001 98 201 1001 100 90 fair 0 I - 2 80 - 1 Underground power house access tunnel m 800 750 500 1 600 700 350 1.300 1 1.300 800 1 turbines 2 2 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 - I uv = verical; h = horizontal) te Pelton v Pelton v Pelton v lPelton v Pelton vIPelton v Pelton v ;rancis Pelton v Main road accesses improvement of existin roa s km 5,2 5.2 1 5,2 5,21 5,2| 8,11 4,7 1 4,7 1 4,7 1 new service roads km , 1 ,1 4,4 5,31 5,61 2,21 10,21 2 11 Economic and Environmental Considerations Works costs wateruptakeandwaterconduits MUS$ 2,70 9,70 2,65 2,65 2,65 2,90 1,251 1,45 1,85 tunnels (load and discharge) MUS$ 24,24 22,64 30,46 26,23 37.31 21,81 22,37 13,79 17,13 load well and construction window MUS$ 1,87 1,68 1,37 1,74 2,09 1,28 1,46 1,32 1,98 underground power house MUS$ 4.52 4,38 4,03 4,30 4,73 2,21 5,41 4,94 4,05 equipment and distributor MUS$ 15,78 16,37 17,64 17,79 20,72 9.85 8,78 6,91 13,45 access roads MUS$ 4,44 5,88 2,80 3,16, 3,28, 2,50. 5,02, 2,22, 3,02 unforeseen costs (35%) MUS$ 18,74 21,23 20,63 19,55 24,77 14,19 15,50 10,72 14,51 Total Investment - MUSS. 72.2 281.8R 79.58 75.4 95.55 .54.74 59,791 41.351 55.991 Unit Cost (cost index = Co) US5/k 1 396 1 426 L ,*7::5tL L 1.837 } = length of new roads I km 1 8,51 12,1| 4,41 5,31 5,61 2,2| 1,02| 3,21 5,2 distance to Hermosas National Park Ikm 2 [21 2 71 7] 7] 12 0.51 41 1 magnitude of environmental impact pnax. lOt 3 731 791 61 611 66j 3 100 50 43 Uncertainties and risks topugraph~ ~i ow 1-.1 lo oT1 4,: W .doW a ..w-eun hydrology 1 mium =edium ediumdiurn geology i; ot r 1ciw t-1W ' RN1owj,-t1tow edlum jMpact and enr ironinental fe.isibilict rimediuml [ a I ow . Ow III Multiple Criteria Ranking of Alternatives According to CI 5 6 4 1 31 71 9| 81 2 According to resource utilisation 5 41 3 2 1 7 8 9 6 According to risks and uncertainties 5 5 1 1 1 51 9 5 4 Multiple criteria ranking 5 5 3 1 2 7 9 8 4 Alternative I Final order oreii2iil 2AZ / I2 I I 2_ _ __ 1-neradora Uni6n S. A., Medellin COLOMBIA  moya River Hydroelectric Project Synthesis of environmentaW ies June 29, 2003 7 _ouses tote relsoated - , no.,. and otoan,. Table 2. Characteristics of ARHEP 2B, selected alternative houses to be relocated .. t wr , ad .r*m 1 .2 parametre unit value SOe00a,Oaa ~~~~~~~Power Plant o mJ hlrgipta