China - Guangzhou City Center Transport Project - environmental assessment (Vol. 7 of 10)

E-209 VOL. 7 Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. Guangzhou Environmental Impact Assessment GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE CERTIFICATE NO: GB IAC CA0953 March, 98  THIS ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION PLAN HAS BEEN PREPARED BY THE GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE. THE INSTITUTE HAS BEEN CERTIFIED BY THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY OF CHINA WITH A CLASS A CERTIFICATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT. CERTIFICATION CREDENTIALS OF THE INSTITUTE ARE SHOWN BELOW: CERTIFICATE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT CERTIFIED: GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE CATEGORY: CLASS A CERTIFICATE NO: GB IAC CA0953  LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Constructor: Guangzhou Public Utilities Bureau Author: Guangzhou Environmental Scientific Research Institute Director: Z. Q. Wu Chief Engineer: K. H. Yu Project Manager: G. P. Xu W. D. Wang Contributors: G. P. Xu, W. D. Wang, N. M. Pan, Y. S. Liang, Y. Q. Zhuang, R. W. Xie, L. Deng, L. Ye Participants: X. D. Lin, S. F. Weng  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION ................................ : I 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE PROJECT .1 1.1.1 Justification for the Project .I 1.1.2 Objectives of the Assessment .1 1.2 BAsis OF THEASSESSMENT .2 1.3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF CHINA .2 1.4 STANDARDS USED IN THE AssEssMENT .2 1.5 TECHNICAL GUIDES AND CRITERIA OF EIA .4 1.6 BOUNDARIES OF THE ASEmENT .5 1.7 METHODOLOGY .5 1.8 ASSESSMENT FACTORS AND TARGET OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION .5 1.8.1 Selection of Assessment Factors .5 1.8.2 Target of Environmental Protection .5 1.9 ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTION ZONE .5 1.10 ASSESSMENT GRADES .6 2. EXISTING ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS .6 2.1 NATURAL ENvIRoNmENT .6 2.1.1 Geographic Location .6 2.1.2 Geology and Topographical Features .6 2.1.3 Meteorology and Climate .7 2.1.4 Surface Water .7 2.1.5 Soil and Plant Cover .8 .2.1.6 Terrestrial Ecology .8 2.1.7 Aquatic Ecology .9 2.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT .9 2.2.1 Overview of Fangcun District .9 2.2.2 Planting area in the north of the Longxi District .11 2.2.3 Sensitive Receptors .14 2.2.4 Present Use of the Site of the Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. 15 3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION .16 3.1 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT .16 3. 1.1 Features of the Project .16 3.1.2 Site and Scale of the Facility .16 3.1.3 Components of the Project .17 3.2 TECHNICAL ANALYsis OF THE CONSTRUCTION PROJECT .18 3.2.1 General layout .18 3.2.2 Water Supply and Drainage .18 3.2.3 Fire Control System .19 3.2.4 Power Supply System .19 3.2.5 Analysis of the Main Pollution Sources .20 3.2.6 Analysis of Risks Associated With the Refueling Station .25 4. AIR QUALITY .26 4.1 MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT OF EXISTING CONDITIONS .26 4.1.1 Monitoring program .26 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment 4.1.2 Assessment of the current air quality .............................................................. 28 4.1.3 Monitoring results .............................................................. 29 4.1.4 Potential Health Impact of the Pollutants .............................................................. 31 4.1.5 Summary of Current Air Quality .......................... .................................... 32 4.2 AIR IMPACTASSESSMENT ................................. .32 4.2.1 Prediction items and assessment standard ........................................................... 32 4.2.2 Atmospheric Dispersion Model ................................................................... 33 4.2.3 Dispersion Modelling Results ................................................................... 35 4.2.4 Prediction of the combined impacts ................................................................... 35 4.2.5 Conclusion of air quality assessment ................................................................... 36 5. WATER QUALITY ................................................................... 39 5.1 OVERVIEW OF WATER DISCHARGE ................................................................... 39 5.1.1 Future water quality ................................................................... 39 5.1.2 Assessment of the Current Water Quality .............................................................. 41 5.2 WATER QUALITY PREDICTION AND ANALYSIS ................................................................... 42 5.2.1 Pollutant Sources ................................................................... 42 5.2.2 Impact assessment of the water quality ................................................................. 43 5.2.3 Water quality summary .................................................................... 43 6. CURRENT NOISE ENVIRONMENTAND IMPACTASSESSMENT ................................... 43 6.1 MONITORING OF THE CURRENT NOISE ENVIRONMENTAND ASSESSMENT ............................. 43 6.1.1 Standard and assessment items .................................................................... 43 6.1.2 Monitoring of existing noise levels ................................................................... 44 6.1.3 Monitoring result of the noise ................................................................... 45 6.1.4 Analysis of the current noise environment ............................................................. 45 6.2 NoISE IMPACTASSESSMENT DURING CONSTRUCTING ........................................................ 45 6.2.1 Standard ................................................................... 45 6.2.2 Investigation of the construction equipment ........................................................... 46 6.2.3 Prediction of the noise impact during construction ................................................. 46 6.2.4 Impact assessment during construction ................................................................. 47 6.3 NOISE IMPACTASSESSMENT DURING THE OPERATION OF THE PROJECT .............................. 48 6.3.1 Scope and standard of the assessment ................................................................. 48 6.3.2 Prediction of the noise impact ..................................... ............................... 48 6.3.3 The prediction result and the analysis of the impact .............................................. 51 6.4 CONCLUSION ................................................................... 52 6.4.1 Conclusion of the noise impact assessment during construction ........................... 52 6.4.2 Conclusion of the noise impact assessment after operation ........... ...................... 52 7. ALTERNATIVE SITES EVALUATED FOR THE MAINTENANCE DEPOT ......... ................. 52 7.1 ALTERNATIVES ................................................................... 52 7.2 THE IMPACT OF THE GENERAL PLAN ON THE ENVIRONMENT ............................................... 53 7.2.1 Factors Influencing the Site Layout ................................................................... 53 7.2.2 Alternative Designs Constraints .................................................................... 54 7.3 SCOPE OF THE AssEssMENT. . 54 8. MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................... 55 8.1 AIR EMISSIONS ................................................................... 55 8.1.1 Diesel Generator ................................................................... 55 8.1.2 Parkinging garage ................................................................... 55 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment 8.1.3 Cooking exhausts ...................................................................... 55 8.2 WAsTEWATER ..................................................................... 56 8.2.1 Process of Sewage Treatment ..................................................................... 56 8.2.2 Treatment Result ..................................................................... 57 8.2.3 Required Mitigation ..................................................................... 58 8.3 NOISE ..................................................................... 58 8.3.1 Diesel Generating Set ..................................................................... 58 8.3.2 Parkinging garage ..................................................................... 59 8.4 WASTE DISPOSAL ..................................................................... 60 8.5 DANGEROUS GOODS AND FIRE PROTECTION ..................................................................... 60 8.6 POLLUTION PREVENTION AND TREATMENT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD ....................... 60 8.6.1 Air emissions ..................................................................... 61 8.6.2 Wastewater ..................................................................... 61 8.6.3 Noise ..................................................................... 61 8.7 ESTIMATED INVESTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING .............................................. 62 9. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................... 62 9. 1 PURPOSE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .................................................... 62 9.2 DOCUMENTS FOR PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ..................................................................... 62 9.3 FORM AND SCOPE OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .................................................................... 63 9.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ACTIVITIES ..................................................................... 63 9.4.1 Public Survey ..................................................................... 63 9.4.2 Public Meeting ..................................................................... 63 9.4.3 Results of Public Participation ............................................. ........................ 64 9.5 RESPONSE TO PUBLIC OPINIONS ...................................................................................... 65 9.6 CONCLUSION .................................................................. 66 10. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENTAND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ..................................................................... 67 10.1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION MANAGEMENT ................................................................. 67 10. 1.1 Environmental Protection Management Organization .......................................... 67 10.1.2 Responsibilities of Environmental M anagement ..................... ............................. 67 10.1.3 Training ..................................................................... 68 10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ..................................................................... 69 10.2.1 Monitoring Locations ..................................................................... 69 10.2.2 Monitoring Parameters and Sampling Frequency ................................................ 69 10.2.3 Monitoring Data Analysis and Management ......................................................... 70 11. SUMMARYAND CONCLUSIONS ..........................................................1 11.1 JUSTIFICATION FOR THE PROJECT ......................................................... 1 11.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ..................................................................... I 11.3 SCOPE OF THE ASSESSMENT ..................................................................... 2 11. 4 EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ............................................................................ 2 11.5 IMPACTASSESSMENTAND MITIGATION MEASURES .............................................. 3 11. 6 MONITORING THE NOISE LEVELS AT THE HOUSES OPPOSITE THE RAMP AND REQUIRING FURTHER MITIGATION INCLUDING, FOR EXAMPLE, RAISING THE WALLS ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE RAMP OR ENCLOSING THE END IF THE NOISE FROM THE FACILITY EVER EXCEEDS THE CLASS IV STANDARD. 4 11. 7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT .............................................. 5 11. 8 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .............................................. 5 11.9 CONCLUSION .............................................. 6 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 i  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment 12. ANNEX 1 MAIN PLANTS LIST OF LONGXI MAINTENANCE SPOTAND SURROUNDING A R E A .. .... .............. ...... .... ... .... .... ............ ......1..... ...... List of Tables TABLE 1. -I AIR QUALITY STANDARDS UNIT- mg/Nm............................................... 3 TABLE12VHcE msiN TNAD .....-........E......I...CL........M............N......A....DA....D......3 TABLE-- Nis ADADu.-d3A)....N.........E....STA.......DA...........UNIT:.................A.......3 TABLE I.-4 NoisESTANDARD AT THE BoRDER UNITdB (A) ..............................................3 TABLE 1.-S5STANDAkDS FOR SOURCE OFNOISEAT THE BoRDERoF THE CoNsTRucTIoNSiTE (dB(A))...............4 TABLE1. -6 SuRFACE WATER QuALITY STANvDARDs uNiT:mg/L(EXCEPTPH) .................................4 TABLE 1. - 7 STANDARD oF WAsTE wATER DISCHARGE....................................................4 TABLE 2_-i PopuLAToN. AREA & INCOMEf oF PLANTING AREA IN THE NoRTH PART OF THE LoNGXI SUB-DISTRICT (I1997).......13 TABLE 2-2 LAND UsE oF PLANTiNG AREA iN THE NoRTH PART OF THE LoNGXI SUB-DISTRICT ......................14 TABLE 2.-3 LocATIoNoF SENsiTIvE RECEPToRs iNTHE NoRTHoF LoNGXISUB-DISTRICT ..............S.......... TABLE 3. -I AREA REQuIREMENTS......... .......................................................16 TABLE 3-2 STATusAvDFuNCTIONoFEACH uNIToF THE BUILDINGS........................................17 TABLE 3.-3 MA4iN T'YPEs oF THE BusEs.............................................................20 TABLE 3.-4 STAUS oF WAsTE GA~s DISCHARGE oF BusES .. .............................................20 TABLE 3.-S INTEGRAL DiscHARGE FAcToRs oF HEAvy GASOLINE AUTOMOBILES AND HEAVY DIESEL OIL A UTOMOBILES iN 2000 iN G u N zoGU......................G.............H............................21...........2 TABLE 3-6 ESTIMATES oF wAsTE WATER DISCHARGE FROM THE PROJECT.....................................22 TABLE 3.- 7 QuALITYAND AmouNToF WASTE WATER FROMf THE PROJECT ....................................24 TABLE 3._8 QUALiTY AND AmouNT oF THE WAsTE WATER AFFER PRETREATMENT ..............................24 TABLE 4. -I LocATIoN oF THE MoNIToRING STATIONS ..................................................26 TABLE 4.-2 FREQuENcy oF AiR QuALiTY MONIToRING.................................................27 TABLE 4-3 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIs METHoDs .......................................................27 TABLE 4.-4 AiR POLLUTION sTANDARDs AND CRITERIA...................................................28 TABLE 4_-S HOURLYAVERAGEPOLLUTANTCONCENTRATIO.NS.............................................30 TABLE 4.-6 DAILYAVERAGE POLLUTANTCONCENTRATIONS................................................31 TABLE 4.- 7AIR POLLuTIoNsouRCE sTRENGTHsm s M/..................................................32 TABLE 4._8 DispERsioN PAR4METERs FoR wiNDY CONDITIONS ...........................................34 TABLE 4. -9 DispERsioN ARAM4ETERs FOR LIGHT WINDS ................................................34 TABLE 4.-JO WIND PRoFILEPARA?vETERsFoR DIFFERENT DEGREE OFSTABILITY...............................34 TABLE 4.-11 GRouND coNCENTRToN DISTRiBuTioN oFS02 OFTHE ELEVI;TED SOURCE (mg/Nm3)................37' TABLE 4.-12 GROUND CONCENTRATON DISTRIBUTION OFNAOXOF THE ELEVATED SOURCE (mg/Nm3)................37 TABLE 4,-13 GROUND CONCENTRATION DISTRBUTION OF CO OF THE PAR.KING (mg/Nm3)......................38 TABLE 4. -14 GRouND CONCENTRATIoN DisTRIBuTIoN OFNOx OF THE PARKING (mg/Nm3).....................38 TABLE 4.-IS GRouND CONCENTRATIoN DISTRiBUION OF NMHC OF THE PARYING (Mg/NVM3) ...................38 TABLE 4._16 DISTRIBuTIoN oF HouRLY CONCENTRATIoN oF NOx AND NMHC DoWN'WIND ON THE WESTAND NORTH SIDE OF THEAR P NGGRAE.......................N..........NG........GARAGE................... 39....3 TABLE 5. -] DETAILED LOCATION OF THE MONI TORING POINT7S.............................................40 TABLE 5-2 wATER QuALTYMONIToRING ITEMSAND ANAL YSIS METHOD.....................................41 TABLE 5. -3 MONITORING RESULT OF THE SURFACE WATER ...............................................41 TABLE 5.-4 SuRFACE wATER QuALiTY STANDARD (mg/L, EXCEPTPH)..................I....................41 TABLE 5.-S WASTE WA TER QUALITY AND MAIN POLLUTANTS DISCHARGED AFTER PRE-TREATMENT TO MUNICIPAL SEWER SYSTEM ....43 TABLE 5-6 WATER QUALITY AFTER TREATAIENTINXILANG WASTE WATER TREATMENTIPLANT .......................43 TABLE N 6 ETNDRD.-IA NOISE....................STANDARDS.....................B....A......... 44..4 TABLE 6-2 MONITORING RESULTOF IHE CURRENT'NOISE ENVIRONMENT ....................................45 TABLE 6. -3 NoisE LIMITs oN THE PERIMETER OF THE CONSTRUCTION siTE (Leq(A) )...........................45 TABLE 6-4 NoisEoF DIFFERENT CONsTRucTIoN EQuIPM'ENT............................................46 TABLE 6-SNoIfSELEVELSFOR CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTATDIFFE RENT DISTANCES (dB(A)) ................----47 GUANGZHOUI ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 i  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment TABLE 6-6 MANNOISESOURCESOF THEPROJECT .................... ........................................................ 48 TABLE 6-7 PREDICTION RESULT OF NOISE AFTER CONSTRUCTION OF THE PROJECT .............. ......................................... 51 TABLE 7.-I CoMPARpsONOF THE THREE ALTERNATIVES ........................................... 53 TABLE8.4- CONCENTRATIONAND REMOVAL RATE OF THISPROJECTBEFOREANDAFTER PRETREATMENT ........ 57 TABLE 8.-2 EsTMAmTEDINvEsTMENToFENviRoNMENTALENGiNEERiNG (RMB) ............... .......................................... 62 TABLE 9. - SuW M4mRY OF PUBLIC OPINIONSAND RESPONSES ........................................................................................ 66 TABLE I 0. TRAINING PLAN ................ ..................................................... . ....................... 68 TABLE 10-2 MoNIoR GPARA TERsANDSAPlNGREQuENcy ..........................1- MOIOIG. ............................................... 69 List of Figures Following Page Figure 2 -1. Geographic Location of the Construction Project and Water Quality Monitoring Sections ......... ..... 2-1 Figure 2 -2. Vegetation and Flower Planting Area in Northern Longxi .......................................... .............. 2-5 Figure 2 -3. The First Row of Residential Building in Fengchi Village, 30m West of the Maintenance Depot.....2-8 Figure 2 -4. The First Row of Residential Building in Nan Village, 15m North of the Maintenance Depot ... .... 2-8 Figure 3 -1. Overall Layout of the Project ... ..................................................................................... 3-1 Figure 3 -2. Illustration Sheet of Transportation Texture for the Project ................................................ .... 3-2 Figure 4 -1. Distribution of Monitoring Locations for Ambient Air and Noise ....................................... ..... 4-1 Figure 4 -2. Distribution of NOx Ground Hourly Mean Value under Maximum Emission ... .............. ... ... ... ... 4-7 Figure 5 -1. Illustration of Sewage-collecting Piping for Xilang Sewage Treatment Plant ........................ ..... 5-3 Figure 7 -1. Illustration of Siting Options for the Bus Maintenance Depot .............................................. ... 7-1 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 V  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Introduction Background of the Project Justification for the Project Public transportation of a city is an important part of its traffic and transportation system. Buses are very important in the traffic fabric of Guangzhou. In terms of the statistics of Guangzhou City in November, 1997, there are 4595 public traffic vehicles. According to the urban planing, there will be more than 4700 buses in Guangzhou by the 2000. At present, maintenance facilities, including those currently under construction, can only service 2400 vehicles. This is far below national and international levels. Scarcity of maintenance facilities restricts the development of public transportation. In order to improve the situation, it has been proposed to construct the Longxi Maintenance Depot. The project lies in Fangcun District west of the city centre. Fangcun will become a sub-centre of Guangzhou in the future. It has an area of 42.6km2, and it is separated from the centre of Guangzhou by the Pearl River. The resident population will increase to more than 600,000 in 2010 from 150,000 in this year, and the buses will increase to more than 660. Fangcun has no maintenance facility yet, and all the buses have to be maintained in the urban centre. If a maintenance facility is built in Fangcun, it will result in a reduction in the total no-loaded kilometers driven to and from other maintenance facilities. It will benefit the local vehicles that will not have to travel across the Pearl River. Thus it will improve the overall traffic situation in the centre district of the city. Maintenance at this facility will keep the buses in good condition and reduce their overall exhaust emissions and noise. The catalytic converter is also inspected and replaced if necessary during maintenance. Therefore, the construction of the bus maintenance depot is expected to contribute to the overall reduction of air pollution of the city centre. The project is a sub-project of Guangzhou Urban City Centre Transport Project, which is funded in part, by the World Bank. According to the File No.003 (GH086) Environmental Protection Management for Construction Projects, promulgated by NEPA, National Planning Commission in 1986, as well as the requirement of the World Bank, this project is subject to an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA). Authorised by Guangzhou Public Utility Bureau, Guangzhou Environmental Scientific Research Institute prepared this Environmental Impact Assessment. Objectives of the Assessment There is no doubt that the project will alleviate the deteriorating situation of bus maintenance in Fangcun District. On the other hand, the public has expressed some concerns with respect to the construction and operation of the facility. According to Environmental Protection Law of PRC, GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 1  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment the assessment will investigate the present environmental quality of air, wastewater and noise at the site of the project, and analyse the emissions from the facility. Potential impacts of the project on the natural environment, social life and economy will be identifies and assessed. A program to minimise potential environmental impacts will also be identified. This program will address the relationship between development and environmental protection during the construction and operation, in a cost-effective manner. Basis of the Assessment The following documents provided the basis for the assessment: 1) Environmental Protection Managementfor Construction Projects (86) GH003, March 1986; 2) Informing to Enhance the EM Management of Projects Loaded by International Banking Organisations, HJ (1993) No.324; 3) The World Bank Operational Manual - Environmental Assessment (OD 4.01); 4) Authorised File about EMA of LBMA Project, Guangzhou Public Utility Bureau; 5) Possibility Statement of the Bus Maintenance Facility Project; and 6) Guangzhou Government approval to the Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. Environmental Protection Laws and Regulations of China The following laws and regulations form the basis of the regulatory framework: 1) Environmental Protection Law of PRC; 2) Air Pollution Prevention Law of PRC; 3) Water Pollution Prevention Law of PRC; 4) Noise Pollution Prevention Regulations of PRC; 5) Operation Measures to Control New Pollution from Construction Projects in Guangzhou; 6) Air Pollution Prevention Regulations in Guangzhou; 7) Noise Pollution Prevention Regulations in Guangzhou; 8) Zoning of Guangzhou Urban Area According to 'Standard of Environmental Noise in Urban Area', SF(1995) File No.85; 9) Management Measures of Construction and Investment of Waste Water Collected Treatment in Guangzhou, SF(1989) File No.69; and, 10) Management Regulation of Guangzhou Green Area (1996, Dec.) Standards Used in the Assessment The following standards (for each parameter) were used in this assessment: GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 2  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Air The second class of the Air quality. Table 0-1 Air Quality Standards unit: mg/Nm3 Items Concentration Time Class 2 Standard TSP Daily average 0.30 NO,, Daily average 0.10 Hourly average 0.15 NO2 Daily average 0.08 Hourly average 0.12 SO2 Daily average 0.15 Hourly average 0.50 CO Daily average 4.00 Hourly average 10.00 Vehicle emissions Table 0-2 Vehicle Emission Standards Type of vehicle Standard Reference CO(%) HC(ppm) GB1476.5-93 |Gasolinevehicle |new 4.5 1200 | | in-use | 5.0 1500 Diesel vehicle 4.5-5(FSN) GB 1476.6-93 Noise After the construction of the project, the area of the maintenance depot and the first row of the buildings in Fengchi village and Nan village are considered as Class 4 (all the other land of the villages are Class 2). Table 0-3 Noise Standard unit: dB(A) [Class | Scope | day | Night 14 Facility 70 55 Table 0-4 Noise Standard at the Border unit dB(A) | Class Day | night 4 70 55 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 3  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Table 0-5 Standards for Source of Noise at the Border of the Construction Site (dB(A)) Activity Main Noise Source Limnit Day Night Earth and stone bulldozer, excavator, fork-lift truck 75 55 Pile Driving pile driver 85 use prohibited Structure concrete mixer, vibration pile driver, 70 55 electric saw Set up crane, elevator 65 55 Water - Environmental Quality Standard of Surface Water & Allowed Concentration of Wastewater Discharge Table 0-6 Surface Water Quality Standards unit: mg/L(except pH) Pollutants pH | CODcr | BOD5 Oil Pb Cu DO Standard 6.5-8.5 20 6 0.5 0.05 1.0 3 Table 0-7 Standard of Wastewater Discharge Pollutant Standard( mg/l) Reference CODcr 500 3 crass of the GB8978-1996 BOD5 300 SS 400 Oil 5 1 class of the DB44 37-90 Grease 10 Technical Guides and Criteria of EIA I)Technical Guides of EIA (HJ/T2.1-2.3-93), April 1st, 1994 2)Technical Guides of EIA (Acoustic Environment) (HJ/T2.4-1995) 3)Technical Criteria of Environmental Inspection and Survey, National Environmental Protection Agency, 1980 GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 4  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Boundaries of the Assessment 1)Air: a circle, whose radius is about 1km and the center is the site of the project; 2)Water: from the upper to the lower of Huadi Pour, and its mouth named Pingzhou Water Channel; and, 3)Noise: 1 m away from the perimeter of the maintenance depot and the first row building facing to the project of the Fengchi village and Nan village. Methodology The EIA work will be carried out according to the rules of File HJ(1993) No.324 and The World Bank Operational Manual - Environmental Assessment (OD 4.01), and the relevant national guides and criteria. Selection of sampling stations for air, water and noise were based on field investigations at the project site. Through general surveys, along with data collected in recent years in this district, the quality of the existing environmental conditions will be characterized. Predictions of environmental impacts and the possible effects of mitigation measures were evaluated with the use of some mathematics models. Assessment Factors and Target of Environmental Protection Selection of Assessment Factors In terms of the emissions from the project, the following factors were assessed for each parameter: I)Air environment: TSP, NMHC, NO,, CO 2)Water environment: pH, CODcr, BOD5, petroleum, SS 3)Noise environment: Leq dB(A) Target of Environmental Protection The main target is to protect the residential and agricultural environment of the people living in Haibei Village and Longxi Village, adjacent to the project site. Environmental Function Zone The environmental function zone in the assessment range are as follows: 1) Air environmental function zoning: 2-grade function zoning 2) Water environmental function zoning: quasi protection area of water source 3) Noise environmental: 4-grade function zoning GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 5  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Assessment Grades According to the EIA guidance of the world bank, based on the nature and scale of the project and the regional environmental situation of where the project is proposed, the project need to be assessed as a Class A assessment. Existing Environmental Conditions Natural Environment Geographic Location The site of the project is located at the northern side of Longxi Road, Fangcun District, Guangzhou, and its western boundary is next to Fengchi Road. The site lies in the southwest of Nancun Hamlet, Haibei Village, and is along the west boundary of Longxi Village. The geographical coordinate of the central point of the project is: 230 4' 32" north latitude, 1130 11' 29" east longitude. Geology and Topographical Features The project is located on flat terrain on the largest part of the Fangcun Alluvial Plain in the river system of the Pearl River Delta. The area of assessment is made up of the Hedong and Longxi sub-districts (Figure 2-1). 1) Hedong sub-district Hedong sub-district is circled by Huadi Pour from the north and the south-west, the rear channel (south river) of Guangzhou reach of Pearl River from the east, and the east reach of Foshan water channel from the south. Hedong Tableland is the center of the whole island, and it is made up of red sandstone and conglomerate of Cretacic. The tableland is 10-19.9m high. The tableland is covered by thick Quaternary sediment, and its south and north edges are red mud stone, sandstone and a conglomerate or fragmented stone covered by thick silt. The plain is I .5-3.0m high. Most of this region is a mixture of industrial, commercial and residential areas. There are also some areas for vegetable and flower plantings. 2) Longxi sub-district Longxi sub-district is also named Shihu Island. It is circled by Guangfo River from the north and the west, and Huadi Pour from the east. The center of the island, Furong Hillock, is also made up of red sandstone and conglomerate of Cretacic. It is 8-17.3m high. The Longxi Maintenance Depot lies just at the south of the Furong (Shihu) Tableland, about lkm away. The tableland is covered by Quaternary sediment, and it is 1.3-2.Om high. After cultivation, the area has become a famous flower, plant and vegetable producing area. The north of the Longxi sub-district is the focus of this assessment. GUANGZHOU ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE March 26, 1998 6  Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot. GuangzhouEnvironmental Impact Assessment Meteorology and Climate The region of assessment of Longxi Bus Maintenance Depot lies within a monsoon climate area in the south subtropical belt. Its' mean annual temperature is 13.4