China - Second Tianjin Urban Development and Environment Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 11) : Environmental specifications

E574 vol. 2 March 2002 Foreword It has been the long-term working policy and target of the Tianjin Municipality, as well as one of the important strategic targets of World Bank to improve the living standards of residents and the quality of urban environment repeatedly. To further improve the human residential, environment of Tianjin, the Tianjin Municipality has planned to use the WB second long-term loan to carry out, based on the overall. planning of the city, the construction of urban development and environment project which mainly contains two sections, namely, urban drainage and traffic improvement. The urban drainage project includes four subprojects, which are the transformation of urban drainage .system, the construction of Shuanglin Sewage Treatment Plant and Urban Sewage Treatment Plant in Wuqing District (It is yet finalized and is therefore only introduced briefly in the environmental evaluation outline. Its specific contents will be added when it is finalized.). and Dagu Blowdown River control. The traffic improvement project contains two subprojects, namely, the Central Ring Road improvement project and Inner Ring Road improvement project. At present, Tianjin second WB loan project is in evaluation stage. Subject to the degree and range of the possible effects of the project on the environment and the environment sensitivity of the areas around the project and based on the classification of the types of evaluation of the effects of WB loan projects on the environment, the type of evaluation of this project on the environment is A. In accordance with the relevant stipulations of State Council decree (1998) No. 253 Regulations on the Management of Environmental Protection of Construction Projects, Tianjin Municipal Government decree (2000) No. 28 Measures on the Management of Environmental Protection.of Construction Projects of Tianjin, the EM (1993) No.324 document Notice on Strengthening the Management of Working out 0 Evaluation of the Effects of Intemational Financial Organization Loan C0 Construction Projects of the State Environmental Protection Bureau, State UJ Planning Commission, Ministry of Finance and China People's Bank, as un 20-1  well as WB Business Policy OP.4.01, an environmental effect report should be worked out for this project. Entrusted by Tianjin Municipal Construction Co., the sponsor of this project, Tianjin Research Institute of the Science of Environmental Protection is responsible for working out the environmental effect report of Tianjin second WB loan project. Based on preliminary research and investigation, and site survey, the evaluator forms an evaluation team mainly composed of many local experts with experience in the evaluation of similar big projects subject to the demands of the Technical Guidance on Evaluation of Environmental Effects and the relevant documents of the World Bank and under the close cooperation of governmental departments and the participation of organizations concerned and based on an independent and objective principle. The team has worked out this evaluation outline after making on-the-spot and information investigations and research, which will serve as the guiding document for the evaluation of the effects of this project on the environment. We now apply for review by environmental protection authority and WB project responsible exports and will carry out the next evaluation of the effects on the environment based on the environmental effect outline passed after your review. 1 General To solve the environmental and development problems of Tianjin, as well as its drainage and traffic problems which have puzzled the citizens of the city for a long time, the Tianjin Municipality plans to use the 2nd WB loan to build the urban development and envirorunent project of Tianjin, which will spend a total investment of nearly 2.20 billion yuan. Origin of the project: Being the 3rd biggest city in China, Tianjin is the 2nd biggest city in northern China. It had a population of 9,120,000 in the year 2000, being one of the economic and cultural centers in northern China. With the rapid social and economic development of the city and the improvement 20-2  in people's living standards in recent years, urban sewage discharge and vehicle holding have increased year by year. Though various infrastructures have been built continuously, control which lags behind and excessive historical debts have caused the urban environment and traffic development to lag behind seriously, which has affected residents' normal life. According to the statistics by relevant departments of the city, since urban. sewage has failed to be controlled effectively, the annual sewage discharge of the city was 600,023 tons in 2000, but its treatment rate was 58% only. Large amount of sewage which has not been treated is directly discharged into the rivers of the Haihe River basin through the urban sewage system and then discharged into the Baohai Sea, hence the deterioration of the water environment in Tianjin sea area of the Bohai- Sea. In the meantime, urban vehicle holding which has increased continuously has also brought a gigantic pressure on the entire urban traffic system. Statistics show that by the end of 2000, the city actually owns 3,608km of roads, an increase of 2.0% than last year; and that by the end of 2000, there are 479,000 civil vehicles in the whole city, an. increase of % than last year. And this increase will continue to grow rapidly with the rapid increase in per capita income and cars entering the, family more and more quickly. This will bring even greater pressure on the traffic of Tianjin. These municipal problems have become the problems to which the Tianjin Municipality has given top priority. Based on the Bohai Sea Blue Sea Action Plan and the Haihe River Basin Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment Planning approved and laid'down by the State Council of the People's Republic of China and Tianjin Urban Overall Planning, the' Tianjin Municipality has decided to use the. 2nd WB loan to build urban development and environmental project, which includes two major sections, namely, urban drainage improvement and urban traffic improvement. The completion of the project will be conducive to the improvement of the pollution conditions of the Haihe River basin and the Bohai Sea, improvement of urban water environment, ecological and sanitary environment, promotion of the rational utilization of water 20.3  resources, ease of urban traffic jams, promotion of the sustainable development of the economy of the Tianjin region and improvement of people's living quality. At present, Tianjin 2nd WB loan project has entered construction earlier preparation stage and the environmental effect reports of the various subprojects have basically been completed. On this basis, Tianjin Research Institute of the Science of Environmental Protection has, entrusted by Tianjin Municipal ConstrHction Company, summed up the enviro'nmental evaluation reports so that they can better comply with the relevant laws and regulations, on the evaluation of the environmental effects of projects with international financial organization loans and the stipulations of WB Environmental Evaluation. 1.1 Purposes of evaluation Fully investigate and analyze the site selection of Tianjin 2nd WB loan project and the environmental background situations of peripheral sensitive targets and evaluate the environmental quality around the sites of the project; analyze whether the site selection plans of the various subprojects have the conditions for the construction of the project and whether the overall design of the various subprojects comply with environmental requirements in the light of the urban overall planning and relevant environmental protection special planning; select appropriate forecasting model to calculate the scope and extent of the effects of the key pollution factors of this project on peripheral environment, especially sensitive targets in accordance with the pollution factors of the proposed project and discharge quantity and manner of pollutants; as well as prove whether environmental protection control plan and corresponding discharge parameters reach standards. Work out a well-conceived public participation plan and make a scientific and fair assessment of the effects brought about by resident's demolition and relocation. Compare the total discharge of key pollutants before and after the construction of the project and based on this analyze total discharge control and give definite proof ideas on whether this project is feasible. Inspect project alternatives and decide project selection, site selection, planning and implementation 20-4  improvement plan by means of prevention, pollution minimization, relief or remedy of adverse enviromnental effects, as well as improvement of favorable environmental effects and in the meantime propose corresponding management plan to reduce the effects on the environment due to poor management to the maximum. 1.2 Principles of evaluation Besides satisfying the general principles and stipulations of the evaluation of environmental effects, this evaluation should also pay attention to satisfying the following principles: (1) Sustainable development principle: To Tianjin, this project is a big one which covers a large area. Therefore, the rationality of the use of various resources, especially land resources, must be fully analyzed based on sustainable development principle, which should also be taken as a. key to make an account of the effects of the construction of the project on the sustainable development of the city (2) All quantity control and double standard reaching principle: This project involves many aspects and covers a large area and its ultimate target is to improve the quality of urban environment. Therefore, a rational all quantity control pollution control standard reaching plan must be proposed subject to the demands of the State Environmental Protection Bureau to realize the balance of regional all quantity and ensure environmental quality to reach standards. (3) Environmental compensation principle: Besides compensation during land acquisition and resident's relocation of this project based on the relevant stipulations of the state, regional balance should also be adopted for compensation with respect to sewage discharge all quantity balance and ecological afforestation. A practicable and feasible compensation plan should be proposed in this evaluation. (4) Fair and true principle: Evaluation of the effects on the environment requires both a high sense of responsibility and professionalism, as well as a neutral and objective attitude. It must satisfy the relevant state and local laws and regulations and meet the demands of relevant WB documents. Therefore, the report will lay a stress on macro environmental 20-5  problems of the construction of the project to regions and basins, especially the Haihe River basin and the offshore sea area of the Bohai Sea and make up for the insufficiencies of the various subprojects in evaluation while showing a full respect towards the pollution prevention and treatment measures and conclusions of evaluation of the various sub- reports. It will use more diagrams to illustrate the contents and features of the evaluation of various subprojects. 1.3 Bases for working out the plan 1.3.1 International environmental conventions to which the Chinese government has acceded Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping Wastes and Other Matters Climate Change Frame Convention State Compensation Law of the People's Republic of China Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage International Important Wet Land Convention Comprehensive Laws of Beijing Declaration International Convention 1.3.2 Laws and regulations on environmental protection Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China Air Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of the People's Republic of China Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of the People's Republic of China Noise Pollution Prevention and Treatment Law of the People's Republic of China Solid Waste Pollution Environment Prevention and Treatment Law of the People's Republic of China Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China Reply of the State Council to the Baohai Sea Blue Sea Action Plan SL (2001) No.124 Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Approving the Haihe River Basin Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment Planning SGOL (1999) No.21 20-6  Regulations of Management on the Prevention and Treatrnent of the Pollution and Damage of Sea Coast Construction Project to Marine Environment of the People's Republic of China No.253 decree: Regulations of Management on the Environmental Protection of Construction Projects of the State Council of the People's Republic of China (88) ECL No.117 document: Opinions on the Problems Concerning the Environmental Management of Construction Projects EM (1993) No.324: Notice to Strengthening the Management of the Evaluation of the Environmental Effects of Construction Projects Funded by the Loans of International Financial Organizations WB Business Policy Opp4.01 (1990) No. 17 decree of the minister of the Ministry of Communications: Regulations of Management on the Environmental Protection of Traffic Projects (2000) No.28 decree of the Tianjin People's Government: Regulations of Management on the Environmental Protection of the Construction Projects of Tianjin JIM (2000) No.83 of the Tianjin People's Government: Notice on Printing and Distributing the Blue Sky Project Implementation Plan Tianjin urban overall planning Tianjin Basic Farmland Protection Regulations Tianjin Basic Vegetable Land Protection and Management Regulations 1994 No.25 decree of the Tianjin People's Government: Measures for the Management of the Prevention of Water Pollution of Tianjin JMI (2001) No.93: Notice of the Tianjin People's Government on the Prohibition of the Sales and Use of 2000 JMI No.60 decree of the Tianjin People's Government: Measures for the Management of the Jinhe River and Other River Courses 1.3.3 Documents on Environmental Protection planning JEPPC No.350 of Tianjin Environmental Protection Bureau: Letter on the Adjustment of the Plan for the Division of Environmental Noise Standard Applicable Areas in the Urban Areas of Tianjin 20-7  Tianjin Environmental Protection 10t Five Year Plan and 2015 Long- term Planning The Haihe River Basin Tianjin Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment Planning Bohai Sea Blue Sea Action Plan 1.3.4 Engineering design materials Outline for the Evaluation of the Effects of the Tianjin Second WB Loan Project Urban Development and Environment-Traffic Improvement Project on the Environment Outline for the Evaluation of the Effects of the Dagu Blowdown River Control Project on the Environment Outline for the Evaluation of the Effects of the Shuanglin Sewage Treatment Plant on the Environment Outline for the Evaluation of the Effects of the Urban Development and Environment - Drainage Project (Nanbeicang (1st phase), Fukang Road Southward and Beyond the Southern Suburb Drainage Projects) on the Environment Outline for the Evaluation of the Effects of the Urban Sewage Treatment Plant in the Wuqing District on the Environment 1.3.5 Relevant technical documents worked out in the outline (1) HJ/T2.1-2.3-93 Technical Guidelines on the Evaluation of Environmental Effects of the State Environmental Protection Bureau (2) HJ/T2.4-1995 Technical Guidelines on the Evaluation of Environmental Effects (Sound Environment) of the State Environmental Protection Bureau (3) JTJO05-96 (Trial) Standards for the Evaluation of the Effects of Highway Construction Projects on the Environment (4) HJ/T19-1997 Technical Guidelines on the Evaluation of Environmental Effects (Non-Pollution Ecological Effects) of the State Environmental Protection Bureau 1.3.6 Task entrustment document Letter of Entrustment entrusted by Tianjin Municipal Bureau to Tianjin Research Institute of the Science of Environmental Protection 20-8  1.4 Evaluation rating With reference to the basic principles on the division of ratings of the evaluation of environmental effects of the Technical Guidelines to the Evaluation of Environmental Effects, the ratings of the evaluation of the key environmental elements of the various subprojects are determined in the following table 1-1: Table 1-1 Ratings of the Evaluation of Key Environmental Elements Subproject Evaluation factor Atmosphere - Surface Noise Ecology water Urban Drainage C C C drainage system transformation / Dagu C C C B Blowdown River control l Shuanglin C B C Sewage Treatment Plant _ _ _ _ _ _ Urban Sewage C B C Treatment Plant in Wuqing District ,_/ Traffic improvement C B Below C project / 1.5 Scope of evaluation The scope of evaluation of the environmental effects of the various subprojects involved in this evaluation is shown in table 1-2. 20-9  Table 1-2 Scop of Evaluation of the Various Subprojects Subproject Constru Scope of special topic evaluation during ction operational period period Atmosp Surface Noise Ecology here water or solid wastes Urban Drainag Sections Scope of Upper Scope of drainage e system around evaluati section evaluati transfor the area on of of the on is a mation through stink Haihe round which effect River area pipes covers a Erdao with run (100 square Gate pump to area station 1 50m) (side as its length: center 500m) and with whose pump radius is station 500m, as its center and prevailin g wind direction as its main axis. 20-10  Dagu (1) Dagu Blowdown River: It starts from the Blowdo confluence opening between the Xianyang Road wn and Miyun Road Pump Stations and extends to the River Dongdagu Pump Station, where it empties into the control seaport, having a total length of 67.47km (The section from the Xianyang Road Pump Station to the confluenQe opening between the Xianyang Road and Miyun Road Pump Stations has been changed into square culvert during the construction of the Xianyang Road Sewage Plant.). (2) Jizhuangzi Blowdown River: It starts from the Jizhuangzi Sewage Plant to Sihaofang in the Xiqing District, having a length of 3.67km. (3) Xianfeng Blowdown River: It starts from the Shuanglin Pump Station to the Jugezhuang Pump Station, having a length of 12.5km. The above 3 blowdown rivers have a total length of 83.64km and involve the 500m area along their banks. 20-11  Shuangli Within Scope of The Im Solid n the evaluati receivin outside wastes Sewage lOOm- on of g the are Treatme wide stink section boundar evaluate nt Plant areas (H2S of the y of the d to the along and Xianfen sewage destinati the NH3) g treatmen on of sewage effect Blowdo t plant mud main covers a wn disposal and square River path. trunk area pipes (side and length: areas 4km) around with the the site sewage of the treatmen propose t plant d plant as its (within center 150m). and prevailin g wind direction as its main axis. 20-12  Urban Flying The Airport The The Sewage dusts same as blowdo same as same as Treatme around above wn river above above nt Plant 300m; in Noises: Wuqing lOOm District during the day and 300m . during the night 20-13  Traffic The Areas Areas Areas improvement same as along along within project the the sides the sides the operatio of the of the project nal central central and period line of line of areas urban urban which roads on roads on might be the the involved section section in of the of the engineer alteratio alteratio ing n project n project construc (within (within tion. 200m). 120m). Scope of evaluati on of flyovers is a rectangu lar area (1.5km x 1.5km) whose circumfe rence is _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 k m ._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.6 Evaluation standards adopted in this project 1.6.1 Atmospheric environment Stink Pollutant Discharge Standards (DB12/-059-95) grade B new 20-14  extension and alteration; Environmental Air Quality Standards GB3095-1996 grade B; Industrial Enterprise Design Sanitary Standards TJ36-79 residential quarter; Technical Measures for Laying Down Local Atmospheric Pollutant Discharge Standards GB/T13201-91; For specific standard limits, see table 1-3. Table 1-3 Atmospheric Evaluation Standards Poluti Classi Concentration limit mg/rn3 No. on ficati Standard factor on hour Daily average Envir 1 TSP onme 0.30 nt Envir 2 SO2 onme 0.50 0.15 nt GB3095-1996 Envir 3 NO2 onme 0.24 0.12 nt Envir 4 CO onme 10.0 4.0 nt Stink Disch 20 air 'arge (instantaneous) 5 conce Envir 20 ntrati onme DB 12/-059/95 (instantaneous) __ on nt Disch 1 .0(plant arge boundary) 6 NH3 20-15  Envir onme 0.20(once) TJ36-79 n t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Disch 0.03(plant DB 12/-059/95 arge boundary) 7 H2S Envir onmne 0.01 (once) TJ36-79 nt 1.6.2 Water environment evaluation standards Surface Water Environment Quality Standards GHZB 1-1999 type V. Sewage Comprehensive Discharge Standards GB8978-1996 grade B new extension and alteration. For specific limits, see table 1-4. Table 1-4 Water environment evaluation standards _______ mg/l excluding pH) GB8978-1996 grade B new N Pollut GJ18- GHZB1-1999 extension and alteration o. ant 86 Type V Applicable range Limit 1 pH 6-9 All blowdown units 6-9 6-9' Urban and township 2 SS 400 30 secondary sewage treatment plant Urban and 3 CODcr 500 tosp 120 40 secondary sewage treatment plant Urban and township 4 BOD5 300 tonhp30 10 secondary sewage treatment plant 5 Amm Other units 25 3 (Casparian 20-16  onia nitrogen) and nitrog en has A wn (calculat 0.2 (total 6phs All blowdown units ion based popae phosp ~~~~~~on P) phosphate) hate on_P_ Total 7 arseni All blowdown units 0.5 0.1 Total 8 chrom All blowdown units 1.5 0.1 jum__ _ _ _ _ _ Total 9 All blowdown units 1.0 nickel 1 Total All blowdown units 1.0 0.1 0 lead Total coppe All blowdown units 1.0 1.0 r I Total All blowdown units 5.0 2.0 2 zinc Total 1 3mang All blowdown units 5.0 1..0 anese____________________________ 1.6.3 Noise evaluation standards Follow the noise functional area standards of GB3096-93 Urban Area Environment Noise Standards. For details, refer to table 1-5. Table 1-5 Urban Area Environment Noise. Standards(abridged) Type Standard value (LAeU dB) Day I Night 20-17  | Type I area 55 45 YPe 2 area 60 50 Type 3 area 65 55 Type 4 area 70 55 ( 2 ) Construction site boundary follows GB12523-90 Building Construction Site Boundary Noise Limits and GB12524-90 Building Construction Site Boundary Noise Measurement Methods. Table 1-6 Construction Site Boundary Equivalent Sound Level Limits Unit: LAeQ dB Constructi Noise limit on stage Key noise sources on stage Day Night Cubic meter of earth and Bulldozer, excavator and loader 75 75 stone No Piling Pilling machines 85 constructi on Concrete mixer, poker vibrator and Structure 70 55 electric saw Decoratio Crane and elevator 65 55 n _ _ _ _ _ _ _I _ _ _ 1.6.4 Farmland Soil Environment quality standards Farmland Soil Environment quality standards follow the grade B standards in Soil Environment Quality Standards (GB15618-1995) and to the TN, TP and organic matters which are not stipulated in the standards, refer to the of the corresponding content values of North China Plain soils. For specific limits, refer to tables 1-7 and 1-8. Table 1-7 Heavy Metal Limits of Soil Environment Quality Standards mg/kcg Item Hg I As I Cr Pb I Cd Ni Zn 20-18  St PH>7.5 1.0 20 250 350 0.6 60 300 an grade B da rd PH>6.5 va 1.5 30 300 500 1.0 200 500 lu grade C Table 1-8 TN, TP and Organic Matter of North China Plain Soils mg/kg Item Tp TN (ppm) Organic matter (%) (ppm )__ _ _ _ __ _ _ Common Common Range Rich soil . Rich soil Content _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ soil __ _ _ _ soil 440-1000 800-1100 350-650 1.1-11.5 1.5-1.0 1.6.5 Bed mud environment quality standards Bed mud environment quality standards follow Control Standards of the Pollutants in Agricultural Mud (GB4284-84) and to the TN, TP and organic matters which are not stipulated in the standards, refer to the corresponding content values of North China Plain soils. For specific limits, refer to table 1-9. Bed mud EP toxicity forecast analysis follows Dangerous Wastes Pollution Control Standards - leaching toxicity identification (GB5085.3-1996) . For specific limits, refer to table 1- 10: Table 1-9 Control Standards of the Pollutants in Agricultural Mud m/kdry mud Item Hg As Cr Pb Cd Ni Zn PH< 100 5 75 600 300 5 500 Limit 6.5 _____ Limit PH 200 15 75 1000 1000 20 1000 ______ 6 .5 __ ___ __ __ _ _ _ _ __20-19 20-19  Table 1-1O Evaluation Standards of Leaching Toxicity in Sludge mg/i Item Hg As Cr Pb Cd6+ Ni Zn tard 0.05 1.5 10 3 0.3 10 50 d a rd _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1.7 Evaluation stages Evaluation stages are: construction period and operation period. Considering the development of the city during the construction period, its planning years extend to 2010 and 2020. 20-20  2 An introduction to the project 2.1 Project name: Tianjin Second WB Loan Project: Urban Development and Environment Project 2.2 Project location: Within Tianjin (see attached figure 1) 2.3 Project composition: For project composition, see figure 2-1. 2.4An introduction to available projects The available projects in this project mainly contain the urban drainage system and Dagu Blowdown River in the drainage project and the Central Ring Road and Inner Ring Road in the traffic system. Shuanglin Sewage Treatment Plant and Wuqing District Urban Sewage Treatment Plant must be built in this project. 2.4.1 Drainage project 2.4.1.1 Transformation of the drainage system Due to historical reasons, the original drainage system in the urban area of Tianjin was divided into several systems, such as the old urban area system, concession area system and industrial area system, which intersect with each other and are confusing in layout. After liberation and especially in recent years, departments concerned have made adjustment repeatedly based on 'rational planning and unified layout' principle, hence a relatively systematic drainage system gradually (including Beicang, Zhaoguli, Zhangguizhuang, Xianyang Road, Jizhuangzi and Shuanglin Drainage System) . Although the various drainage systems have taken shape, their self auxiliary capability is yet to be perfected. The Nanbeicang Project involved in this project is located to the north of the urban area of Tianjin and to the south of the Outer Ring Road. It is within the Beichen District and belongs to Beicang Drainage System. Fukang Road project is located in the southwestern part of Tianjin and is within the Nankai District, belonging to the Xianyang Road Drainage System. The Beyond Southern Suburb project is located in the southeastern part of Tianjin and within the Hexi District, belonging to the Shuanglin Drainage System. The current drainage conditions of the areas in which the three subprojects of this project are located are described below: 20-21  ( 1 ) Current drainage conditions of the Nanbeicang area 1) Rain water system Rain water during the flood season is mainly discharged into the Beiyunhe River through the open ditches along the Jingjin Highway, Gaofeng Road, Beicang Road and Nancang Road, which were excavated in the 1960s, and the pump station (Q=2.4m3/s) in the residential quarter to the north of Beicang. With the construction of the city, most open ditches were filled and accessory rain water pipes were not laid, thus rain water during the flood season cannot be discharged and the area becomes one of the key water-logged grounds of Tianjin. 2) Sewage system At present, sewage is mainly discharged into the Yongdingxinhe River through the pipes along Gaofeng Road and Beicang Road which were built in the 1 950s and the Beicang Road Sewage Pump Station (Q=1.61m3/s) . Many pipes have been occupied, which causes drainage obstruction. Later, pipes were laid along the Jingjin Highway, Beicang Road, Nancang Road, Handan Road and Shunyi Road Sewage Pump Station 20-22  O | Fukang Road| BeontwadSuhr -l U ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~Dg Blodow 0~ ~ ~~~ Xianfen H;3 . Transformation of t X structures and cr 0 0- X < Shuanglin Sewage Treatmhongen Street] B > E~~~~~~~~~~~~~~astern half traffic o ~~~~~3 ; ~~~~management and R B X ~~~~~~~~Weidi Road and 8 ~~~~~~~~~Fukang Road CD Figure 2-1 WB project composition .ion| I I I t sm~~~Aianjiao, ( Q=0.43m3/s ) and the pump statiL lle end of the 20-23  the Yongdingxinhe River (Q=0.89m3/s) were built. However, sewage can still not be discharged smoothly through the pump stations and outlet pipes and during the flood season, rain water and sewage will mix on the ground, causing sewage yet treated to be discharged into the Beiyunhe River. (2) Current discharge conditions of the Fukang Road area 1) Rain water system Rain water system is unavailable within the Fukang Road area and only a small amount of the rain water during the flood season can be temporarily discharged through the pump stations near the Fukang Road and Congming Road and most rain water flows into rivers in runoffs or vaporizes in sheet flood. Among the serious water-logged areas are the military hospital, Municipal Party Committee School and library. There are no rain water discharge facilities to the south of the Fukang Road, as well as along the Shiying Road, Cangqiong Road, Yunji Road and Xiaguang Road ('=400-1200mm) . In 1998, (0=400-600mrnm) makeshift pipes were built to discharge the rain water on the surface of the Shuishang North Road into the Weij in River. 2) Sewage system There are no sewage systems in the area and the sewage in the zoo area is temporarily led to the Fukang Road Pump Station, the sewage in the Huacheng Hotel area is temporarily led to the Wangdingdi Pump Station and the sewage in the Municipal Party Committee area is temporarily led to the sewage pipes ( c1 =400mm) in Wangdingdi, which are seriously damaged and sewage runs out in some places. The sewage in the western part to the Nankai University, in the southern part to the Tianjin Tractor Factory, in Wangdingdi, Huayuan and Xinhuayuan is discharged into nearby Dagu Blowdown River and Chentaizi Blowdown River. (3 ) Current drainage conditions of the Beyond Southern Suburb area 1 ) Rain water system The rain water in this area can only be discharged through the sewage pipes ( c=800mm, -K 760m) at the Dongting Road, which are not connected with lower stream pipes. Since the rain water pipes in 20-24  industrial enterprises have no way out, some of the rain water during the flood season is discharged on road, which is then discharged into the South Weidi River and Changtai River in ground runoffs, thus the low- lying places in the area are seriously water-logged and rain water runs into sewage pipes, causing sewage to flow out and be discharged into the South Weidi River, where it is discharged again into the Haihe River. 2) Sewage system It was only in the 1950s that sewage pipes were laid along the Nujiang Road (ci)=400-600mm) and some sections of the Dongjiang Road (ci) =300-400mm) of the area, whose design standards are low. the pipes are overloaded and the waste water of some factories has to be directly discharged into the Changtai River and then into the South Weidi River, where it will be discharged into the Haihe River during the flood season together with the other two waters of the area. 2.4.1.2Dagu Blowdown River control Dagu Blowdown River has been undertaking the discharge of the sewage to the south of the Haihe River in the urban area for many years. It has been in bad repair for many years and its water quality belongs to type extra V. The bed mud of the river is seriously polluted. In accordance with the preliminary investigation and research of the substrate of the river, mud can be divided into three types in terms of degree of pollution, namely, slightly polluted, moderately polluted and seriously polluted, which account for 60%, 30% and 10% respectively. Affected by the tides of the Bohai Bay, the (heavy metal chromium, chromium, mercury and arsenic) contents of the mud in the river courses at the lower reaches of the outlet where the Dagu Blowdown River is discharged into the sea are lower than standards in the Pollutant Control Standards of Agricultural Mud and those of heavy metal zinc and nickel all exceed the standards in the Pollutant Control Standards of Agricultural Mud. Among them, zinc exceeds standards by more than three times and nickel exceeds by more than 60 times to the maximum. Contents of heavy metal copper and cadmium exceed standards seriously in some places. 2.1.2 Traffic improvement project 20-25  Completed and open to traffic in 1986, the Central Ring Road runs through the geometric or administrative centers of the Hedong District, Hexi District, Hebei District, Nankai District and Hongqiao District of the city. Sandwiched between the Inner Ring Road and Outer Ring Road, it is 3.07km away from the Inner Ring Road on average and 5.88km away from the Outer Ring Road on average. With its width ranging from 38 to 50m, it has a total length of 34.49km and its designed auto speed is 60km/h. The width of its planned red line is 50m and sections whose red line has reached the requirements of planning are 31.77km in length, accounting for 92.1%. Motor vehicle two-way 6 lane sections extend 23.6km, accounting for 68.6%. 4 lane sections are 10.82km long, accounting for 31.4%. Motor vehicles and bicycles are basically separated. Though motor vehicles and bicycles are basically separated on the sections of the Central Ring Road, there are many level crossing crossings which are dense, where traffic capacity is less than enough in most cases, motor vehicles and bicycles crisscross and volume of traffic is overloaded, which greatly weakens the overall efficiency of the ring road and restrict its functions. The Inner Ring Road is a loop-shaped traffic network frame that surrounds a core area in the city center, which is enclosed by the Beima Road, Xima Road, Nankaisanma Road, Nanjing Road, Qufu Road, Shiyijing Road, Xinkai Road and Shizilin Street. It has a total length of 16km and its planned pavement is 40m in width, being a motor vehicle two-way and 4 lane road. According to division of administrative area, it belongs to five districts of the city, which are the Hebei District, Nankai District, Hongqiao District, Heping District and Hedong District. The busiest business quarters, cultural and leisure and entertainment places and shopping center of the city are all located at the sides of the road, which are densely populated and where traffic flow is high, people come and go all the time, motor vehicles and bicycles crowd the streets and parking lots are not enough. Hence, the whole road is crowded with vehicles and bicycles and traffic jams are a common sight now. At present, the current situation of the roads in central urban area have the 20-26  following features: (1) Traffic volume of the urban area mainly concentrates on the ring and radiating roads, especially on the Inner Ring Road, Central Ring Road and some trunk roads, where traffic jams are very serious. (2) Rush hours are prolonged and driving speed reduces. Traffic jams are serious at crossings. (3) Contradictions between bicycles and motor vehicles concentrate on the same roads, which aggravates traffic jams. (4) The main problems of public transit are that construction of transit stops lag behind and driving speed is reduced. Therefore, it is a rather urgent task to further unblock the Central Ring Road and optimize the Inner Ring Road with rapid economic development and rapid growth in traffic volume. 2.5 An introduction to projects to be constructed 2.5.1 Drainage project 2.5.1.1 Transformation of drainage system Based on the layout of the overall planning of Tianjin and subject to the principles of perfecting rain water and sewage divided-flow system, discharge of rain water into nearby rivers and inclusion of sewage in the sewage treatment plants to be built for treatment and reuse, the Tianjin Municipality plans to carry out this project to improve the quality of the water environment of the urban area and the Bohai Bay. We now make an account of the scope and specific contents of the three subprojects involved in this project: (1) Nanbeicang project 1 ) Scope and range of water collection Scope of construction of the Nanbeicang rain water project is: 200m to the north of the Beicang Road in the north, to the Jingshan Railway in the east, 200m to the north of the Nancang Road in the south and to the Beiyunhe River in the west. Total construction scope and water collection area is 753.52ha. Scope of construction of the Nanbeicang sewage project is: 200m to the north of the Beicang Road in the north, to the Jingshan Railway in the 20-27  east, 200m to the north of the Nancang Road in the south and to the Beiyunhe River in the west. Total construction scope is 843.5ha and water collection area is 2,209.12ha., whose range is: to the Outer Ring Road in the north, to the Jingshan Railway in the east, 200m to the Pujihe Road in the south and the Beiyunhe River area in the west. 2) Nanbeicang rain water project Rain water pipe network is divided into two sections by the Fengchan River and is discharged into the river. * Cleaning and dredging of the Fengchan River The western section (3km) of the river will be excavated from -O.5m to - 1.5m and its two sides will be laid. Besides, its banks will be planted with trees. * Drainage pipeline Three pipes ( CD = 100-2200mm) will be laid to the north of the Fengchan River (from south to north) along the Jingjin Highway, Gaofeng Road and Chaoyang Road, whose total length is 2,779m. Rain water will flow into the Fengchan River through the pipes. Three pipes ( i) =1000-1960mm) will be laid to the south of the Fengchan River (from north to south) along the Jinglin Highway, Gaofeng Road and Chaoyang Road, whose total length is 2,779m. Rain waSter will flow into the Fengchan River through the pipes. After rain water is discharged into the Fengchan River, it is lifted by a pump station before being discharged into the Beiyunhe River. The design flow of the pump station is Q=19.3m3/s, which is transformed from an available agricultural pump station occupying an area of 1O,000m2. And a Q=3m3/s pump station will be built near the Jingshan Railway to ensure the discharge of rain water of moderate and light rain to the section of the Fengchan River to the east of the Jingshan railway. In the meantime, the water level of the Fengchan River will also be adjusted to ensure the discharge of rain water into the Fengchan River. 2,517m of main pipes ( c =1,100-1,500mm) will be laid along the Gaofeng Road and sewage inside the pipes will be lifted by a pump 20-28  station to enter the confluence well of the proposed Beicang Sewage Treatment Plant. 982m of sewage pipes ((b=800-1,100mm) will be laid along the Nancang Road and 784m of sewage pipes (d =900mm) will also be laid from the west to east. Sewage from the pipes flow into the main pipe. 81 5m of sewage pipes (4' =300-400mm) will be laid along the Tianshui Road,829m of sewage pipes (4' =400mm) will be laid along the Guoyuan South Road and 862m of sewage pipes ( ib =80mm) will be laid along the Guoyuan North Road. Sewage from the pipes flow into the main pipe. (2) Fukang Road project 1) Scope and range of water collection Scope of construction of the project is within the Nankai District and its range of water collection is: 1 50m to the south of the Fukang Road in the north, to the Huanhu Middle Road of the Binshui Road in the south, from the Hongqi South Road in the west and to the Weijin South Road in the east. Its water collection area is 275ha. The scope of construction of the Fukang Road Sewage project is: 150m to the south of the Fukang Road in the north, to the Binshui Road in the south, to the Hongqi South Road in the west and to the Weijin South Road in the east. Its water collection area is 270ha. Water flowing out of the construction area will also collect the sewage in six areas (west of the Nankai University, south of the Tianjin Tractor Factory, Wangdingdi, Huayuan Residential Quarter, Xinhuayuan Residential Quarter and Scientific and Technological Industrial Park) and runs into sewage treatment plant for treatment. After the construction of the project, the final service range of the sewage system to the south of the Fukang Road will be 1,494ha. 2) Fukang Road rain water project It will be ssubject to the layout of the roads to the south of the Fukang 20-29  Road and a pump station will be built for both the eastern and western areas, where rain water will be lifted and discharged into the Fukang River. The main pipes ( 4 =500-2,000mm) in the eastern area are laid under the Shuishang Eastern Road and Weijin South Road, where rain water will converge and flows northward into the main pipes under the Shuishang North Road and then runs westward into the pump station at the Congming Road. The main pipes (c4 =500-2,200mm) in the western area area laid under the Shuishang West Road, Yingshui Road (two rows) and Congming Road (two rows), where rain water will converge and flows northward to converge with the rain water main pipes in the eastern area in front of a pump station and then enters the pump station before being lifted and discharged northward into the Fukang River through outlet pipes (4=2,200mm). The pump station (Q=10.5m3/s) is located at the intersection between the Congming Road and Shuishang North Road, occupying an area of 3,000m2. 3) Fukang Road sewage project * Project within the range of construction Main pipes ( 4 =400-1,200mm) will be laid based on the Tianjin Overall Planning and in the light of the planned road layout to connect the various quarters. They are esat-west bound and will be laid along the Shuishang North Road and extend to the Congming Road and then run from north to south to connect with the main pipes under the Shuishang West Road, where sewage will be converged and flows westward to a pump station to be lifted and driven out of the area. * Project outside the range of construction The outlet pipes of the pump station inside the area will extend along the 4) =1,000-1,800mm pipes under the Yingshui Road and go westward to 20-30  cross the Chentangzhuang Railway branch and Chentaizi Blowdown River to lead in the sewage from the Fukang Road Pump Station, Wangdingdi Pump Station, Huayuan Residential Quarter, Xinhuayuan Residential Quarter and Scientific and Technological Industrial Park. A (Q=2.56m3/s) pump station will be built at the intersection between the Yingshui Road and Outer Ring Road, where sewage will be lifted and enter the proposed Xianyang Road Sewage Treatment Plant tbrough pressure pipes ( 4 =400-1,200mm) along the Outer Ring Road. (3) Beyond Southern suburb project 1) Scope of the project adnge of water collection According to design, the water collection range of the Beyond Southern Suburb rain water and sewage projects is: from the South Weidi River in the north, to 100m to the south of the Sanshui Road in the south, from the West Chentangzhuang Railway Branch to the west of the Hongze Road in the west and runs to the Changtai River in the east. Their water collection area is 234ha. (see attached drawing 4) 2) Beyond Southern Suburg rain water project The Changtai River will be filled up according to Tianjin Overall Planning and a rain water self-forming system will be built within the area and rain water will be discharge into the nearby South Weidu River. Main pipes will be laid under the planned Dongting Road. Pipes will be laid from south to north and other branch pipes will be laid from west to east and from south to north and connect with main pipesat the Heyan Road, Nujiang Road, Dongjiang Road, Yanfeng Road, Zhujiang Road and the intersection between the Yanshui Road and Dongting Road. Totally, 19,475m of pipes ( b =400-2,200mm) will be laid. Rain water will first be lifted by a pump station and then discharged into the South Weidi River through two rows of pressure pipes (4' =2,000mm). The pump station, whose designed flow is Q=9.135m3/s, is located within the greenery patches at the northern side of the Dongting Road, occupying around 3,000m2. 20-31  3) Beyond Southern Suburg sewage project Main pipes will be laid along the Dongting Road based on Tianjin Drainage Planning and branch pipes will be laid from west to east along the Heyan Road, Nujiang Road, Dongjiang Road, Yanfeng Road, Zhujiang Road and Yingshui Road to connect with main pipes. Totally, 15,708m of pipes (4 =300-800mm) will be laid. Sewage will enter the Shuanglin Sewage Treatment Plant through the proposed Songjiang Road Pump Station. The project cannot be carried out before the Changtai River in the Dongting Road repair project is filled, since the planned extended section of the Dongting Road and a part of the available Changtai River are overlapped. 2.5.1.2 Dagu Blowdown River control project It mainly involves five sections, namely, dredging river course earthening up embankment, laying blocks, transforming structures and pump station construction and transformation. (1) Dredging river course Based on such features as section layered structure and thickness of the sposh layer and considering that the deposits of the Dagu River have not been dredged for many years and some pollutants have also deposited in the hard mud layer, therefore, some sections of the hard mud layer are also included in the scope of dredging. For the conditions of the sections which must be dredged, see table 2-1. Table 2-1 Current Situation of the Bed Mud of the agu Blowdown River Average _ Sposh Hard rie Sposh Hard mud Location thickness quantit mud quantity width y thickness q m m m3 mm 1. Where the outlet 20 0.55 29700 20-32  water from the Xiangyang Road Pump Station and Miyun Road Pump Station converge. 2.Upper reaches of the converge 15314 between the Dagu 24.7 1.0 0 0.20 30628 Blowdown River and Jizhuangzi 3. Lower reaches of the converge between the Dagu 20.2 0.65 13130 0.35 7070 Blowdown River and Jizhuangzi 4.Upper reaches of the place where the Jizhuangzi 20.8 0.90 54288 0.10 6032 Blowdown River enters the Dagu River 5.In front of the Paoshuiwa Pump 22.6 1.05 23732 0.30 6780 Station 6. Behind the Paoshuiwa Pump 16.4 0.90 14760 0.10 1640 Station 7. In front of the Juge Village Pump 29. 0.45 5 0.20 124700 Station _ 8.Lower reaches at 38 1.0 64600 the converge ________ ________ ______ ________ ___20_3 20-3 3  between the Dagu Blowdown River and Xianfeng Blowdown River 9.Upper reaches at the place where the 10886 Xianfeng River 10.8 0.8 4 0.1 13608 enters the Dagu River 10.Xincheng Bridge 23 1.40 58604 0.30 125580 0 17625 11.Wannian Bridge 23.5 1.0 0 0 12. In front of the Dongdagu Pump 48.3 0.95 8 0.45 76072 Station _ 13.Sea outlet of the Dongdagu Pump 44.2 0.95 117572 0.15 18564 Station , Total sposh quantity: 1.783million m3 Total hard mud quantity: 411,000m3 (2) Sludge dehydration The purposes of sludge dehydration are to lower transportation and reduce its pollution to the roads along the way. If sludge water content is reduced from 97% to 80%, transportation will be reduced by 85%. If sludge water content is reduced from 90% to 80%, transportation will be reduced by 50%. Meanwhile, if polluted sludge is dehydrated, its threats to the environment can be reduced, as well as the amount of percolating liquid in the filling yard. There are many ways for sludge to be dehydrated, such as use of centrifugal machine, belt pressure filter, plat frame pressure filter. Considering the nature and volume of the sludge, we recommend to use 20-34  movable belt pressure filter. Our calculation shows that there are about 500,000m3 of sludge whose water content is higher than 80% and which need to be dehydrated. After sludge is dehydrated, the filtrate cannot be discharged into the lower reaches before being treated. Since the key pollutants are heavy metals, a concentrated filtrate treatment facility is provided near the dehydration system to remove heavy metals by a chemical method. (3) Sludge disposal Ways of disposal of large quantities of deposits include: filling in the sea to grow grain, banking, use by farmland and greenery patches, piling up nearby (drying factory), filling in filling yard, etc. The sludge of this project will be used for banking, by farmland and greenery patches, piled up nearby and filled in filling yard based on the features of the sludge. A.Banking Since the heavy metals in the bed mud do not exceed standards and its physiochemical performance is ideal for banking materials, bed mud will be used for banking. B Used by farmland and greenery patches Since the heavy metals in the bed mud do not exceed standards and it has passed plant tests and complies with relevant standards, it can be used as farm fertilizer or afforestation fertilizer. C Piling up nearby (drying yard) This way of disposal is applicable when heavy metals in bed mud do not exceed standards. Since there are some pieces of waste land along the Dagu River and river course is not seriously polluted, this sludge can directly be piled up nearby naturally without being dehydrated. D Sanitary filling If the heavy metals in bed mud exceed standards, the last way of disposing sludge is sanitory filling. To avoid the secondary pollution of the sludge to ground water and ambient environment, typical double- layered lining will be used in the filling yard to avoid the outflow of percolating liquid.. 20-35  (4) Laying blocks on the banks of river course The section of the river bed will be laid with stone pieces and only the slopes will be protected, not the bottom. Appropriate trees should be planted along the river course. River courses outside the Outer Ring Road will become the landscape river course of the city and will be designed into grade B river course, hence improvement in its design standards. To lay blocks on the banks of a river course, two problems must be considered, namnely, river course should be consolidated first to ensure the safety of the embankment during the flood season. Another is to prevent rain water from washing the banks and embankment to bring away mud and sand, which will lead to the further sedimentation of the lower reaches. Since the river course outside the Outer Ring Road is about 70km long (including the Xianfeng River) and due to such factors as the role of the river course and high investment, it is inappropriate to lay protective blocks in the near future, which will be considered in some places in the future instead. (5) Strurture transformation Culvert pipes and tubes have such advantages as simple construction, low costs and good force bearance. However, if culvert pipes are laid under river bed, its flow will be lower than square culvert and bridge. Therefore, the sections of the river course where culvert pipes are laid should be increased appropriately. Culverts and reverse tubes which have been in use and whose conditions are OK can be repaired and consolidated subjec to situation. The three culverts above the Jizhuangzi River should be changed into bridges since traffic flow there is high. (6) For the flow process of the pollutants generated in this project, see pictures 2-2 and 2-3. 20-36  Stin gas n ise Ta, nise -djacent kon-cut- ' 5osed Sti ngas Exceed T fi in Dry sludge Percola (wdatert _0n Perc ,ola Up to 0 Banking, way from-Cut-off -ommon Figure 2-2 Dry Sludge Dredging and Treatment Sketch A StiI* gas n.ise Ta{fl Stin gas nfise dj 4on-ct t-o4 _ Closed Centaliz en sewa t sposh (wwtercornent> 85%) Aw ONo need to expand river bed ay Stink as n ise stink oise fro no se T,ai sIll m --River bedi . . I T rpq must bet Cnut-off sewa S gas rd ln Percola stand Banking, Figure 2-3 Sposh Dredging and Treatment and 20-37  2.5.1.3 Shuanglin Sewage Treatment Plant Contents of construction This project adopts biological dephosphorization and nitrification techniques and its contents of construction mainly include two sections, namely, inside-the-plant work and outside-the-plant work. Its scale is 200,000 tons/d in the near future and 300,000 tons/d in the future. The inside-the-plant work is divided into front area, sewage treatment area and sludge treatment area. The front area is located at the northeastern part of the plant and its main buildings include garage, warehouse and machine repair room, boiler room and bath room, reception office and comprehensive building, inside which are general control room, laboratory, office, conference room, dining room and multifuncitonal hall. A sewage treatment main body project is available in the sewage treatment area. Since this project plans to use biological dephosphorization and nitrification techniques, hence its pre- treatment structures include: coarse bar screen room and fine bar screen room, inlet pump room, desilting basin, primary settling tank and primary settling sludge pump room; Its biological treatment structures include biological reaction tank, secondary settling tank, blower room, reflux and surplus sludge pumping well, dephosphorization charging tank, chlorination room, etc.; The sludge treatment area includes sludge concentrating room, sludge control room, sludge digestion chamber, sludge dehydration machine room, sludge drying unit, mud cake garage, marsh gas cabinet, march gas torch, etc. A 10/0.4kV transformer substation will be built in the central area of the plant. Its outside-the-plant work mainly includes the construction of the Songjiang Road Pump Station (1.4m3/s) and accessory pipes. The total length of the pipes is around 9,640m. Site selection of the project: The site of this project is selected at the intersection between the Lishuang Highway and Shuanglin Blowdown River, being to the west of the river and 2.1km from the Outer Ring Road. It will occupy an area of 18.9ha. in the near future (31.5ha. in the future) and 284mu of land will be acquired permanently (see the attached drawing). 20-38  Plan layout of the plant: The plant is divided into three areas based on their functions, namely, sewage treatment area, sludge treatment area and production management and living service area (front area). The sewage treatment area is located at the northwestern part of the plant, the sludge treatment area is at the southwestern part and the production management and living service area is at the northeastern part (see the attached drawing) Construction scale: Grade B sewage treatment plant with daily treatment of 200,000 tons of sewage (300,000 tons in the future). Sewage collection: