China - Anhui Provincial Highway Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 5 of 8)

E278 Volume 5  0- Eu) ~~~ 0~~~~ o 3 CD co 0n  Anhui Provincial Highway Project Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe Section of Highway Maintenance Component Environmental Impact Report Anhui Provincial Communications Department April 2002  U~~~~~~~~~~4 - t ; ' .4W 8 t C "-r.E,-IN 2 |C- AlIT~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~LT I I C- B . ,.; 1 ' ' t $ ' * ^ i,. +E Z w g , _ ., S-, _ , , ' tE W g . 'F . (* 4,, t |.  Assessment Unit: Hefei Design & Research Institute, Ministry of Coal Industry Associated Unit: Hefei Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station Task Manager: Liu Shishui Yan Detian Name list of the Engineers Preparing the Report Name Title Work permission for Environmental assessment Cheng Jingru Senior engineer (Environmental assessment) Work permission No A 01 167 Yan Detian Senior engineer (Environmental assessment) Work permission No. A 01 169 Liu Shishui Senior engineer (Environmental assessment) Work permission No. A 01165 Huang Shuqing Senior engineer (Environmental assessment) Work permission No A 01173 Zhang Huifen Engineer (Environmental assessment) Work permission No A 08858  CONTENTS 1. General Description .....................................................1 1 Project Background .1 1.2 Aim of the Environmental Assessment. 2 1 .3 Report Preparation Basis .2 1.4 Assessment Criteria ........................................................ 3 2. General Description of the Construction ............................................. 7 2.1 Geographic Location ......................................................... . 7 2.2 Project Name and Construction Nature ................................................ 7 2.3 Technical Standard of Project Design ................................................... 7 2.4 Major Technical and Economic Indicators ............................................. 7 2.5 Basic Process of Pavement "Rehabilitation" Construction .*------.---------------10 2.6 Project Impacted Areas ..................................................................10 2.7 Sources of Materials .....................................................................-10 2.8 Traffic Volume Prognosis ............................................................... I 1 2.9 Major Technical Indicators of before and after Rehabilitation . 1 2. 10 Project Investment Estimate and Financing Arrangement .1 2 2.11 Project Implementation Plan .12 3. Environmental Description ........................................................... 13 3.1 Natural Environment....................................13 3.2 Ecological Environment ........................................................ 14 3.3 Social Environment .........................................1 5 3.4 Living Quality .*.................................16 4. Environmental Status Investigation and Assessment ...........................18 4.1 Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality ..............................-18 4.2 Investigation into Industrial Pollution Generators-.----------------------------------21 4.3 Special Environment Investigation .21 5. Forecast and Evaluation of Potential Environmental Impact ..................22 5.1 Construction Period .....................................................................-22  5.2 Operation Period. .28 5.3 Other Enviromnental Problems .-..----------....*- 30 6. Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan .31 6.1 Environmental management Organization .31 6.2 Possible Environmental Impact Compensation Measures ........................32 6.3 Environmental Monitoring Plan ...................41 6.4 Staff Training ............................................ 44 6.5 Cost Estimate of Environmental Protection Action Plan .45 7. Public Participation and Information Disclosure .46 7.1 Public Participation .46 7.2 Information Disclosure .-----------50 8. Conclusion .......................................... 53 Annex: ........................................ 55 Annex 1: "Evidential Document" issued by Luan Cultural Relics Administration Sector of Anhui, Dec. 12, 2001 Annex 2: "Evidential Document" No. [2001] 30 issued by Luan Forestry Bureau of Anhui, Dec. 11, 2001 2  1. General Description 1.1 Project Background 1.1. 1 Project Source The proposed Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section is one of the highway maintenance component of Anhui Province applying for the World Bank loan. This component is selected from more than 400 highway sections totaling 8000km long, based on the comparison conducted by Anhui Provincial Communications Department of China. The criteria of selection for the highway maintenance component are: ( 1 ) Beneficial to the economic development in the poverty stricken areas; (2) Favorable to transportation centralization and decentralization of the main route (Hefei-Anqing Highway ) ; (3) Fitted for the provincial 10t five-year plan of highway improvement, and priority given to the sections which have started construction and completed tasks of subgrade widening or land acquisition under the 9' five year plan so as to improve efficiency of the whole route and the highway network; (4) The existing road sections cannot meet the increasing demand for transportation and need rehabilitation. (5) The average indicators (PQI) of road pavement quality are low and pavement is poor. Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe section is located in the middle and west areas of Anhui Province where the major transportation relies only on road for there is no railway to reach these areas. Therefore the improvement of road pavement and the increase of the communication capacity directly relate with the local economic development and people's living quality. As the economy develops and the transportation increases, the existing road with narrow pavement and poor quality cannot mect the demands of economic development and transportation. Thus, Anhui Provincial Communications Department is applying for the World Bank loan (remaining savings) to support the rehabilitation of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section for the sake of improving the condition of transportation to the outside in the poverty stricken area, stimulating local economic development and bettering the people's life. According to the requirement of Anhui Provincial Communications Department of China, in July, 2001, Anhui Provincial Highway Administration Bureau entrusted the job to Hefei Design & Research Institute, Ministry of Coal Industry, of environmental assessment and preparation of the environmental impact assessment on Luan- Shucheng-Sanhe section of highway maintenance. 1.1.2 Status of Environmental assessment The assessment unit, after accepting the entrustment, set up an environmental assessment group in July 2001. The group together with Anhui Provincial Highway Administration Bureau and Anhui Provincial Highway Survey and Design Institute carried out field visits and public participation and consultation along Luan- Shucheng-Sanhe highway section. The group conducted deep field investigation relatingts environmental status and environmental protective targets along the section. Based on the site visits, data collection and further study of the project feasibility I  study report and under the direction and assistance of the environmental experts of the World Bank, the group worked out the draft "Environmental Impact Report of Luan- Shucheng-Sanhe Section of Highway Maintenance Component of the World Bank financed Anhui Provincial Highway Project of China". Now the report is submitted to the World Bank for review. 1.2 Aim of the Environmental Assessment The report shall make qualitative or quantitative anticipation analysis and assessment on the possible environmental impact caused by the project construction, on the base of the investigation into the natural and social environment and enviromnental quality within the assessment scope of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe section, and combined with the understanding of the environmental status and relative environmental issues along the section. The report shall point out the potential problems and propose effective and reasonable alleviating measure correspondingly. The alleviating measures shall be put into practice to reduce the environmental impact during the project construction and operation to the lowest degree. The following targets shall be reached as well. ( I ) Possible environmental impact during the construction as well as the impacted scope range and degree shall be fairly and objectively identified. ( 2 ) Investigation result shall be presented in the report based on the understanding of the public opinions via the investigation along the section. (3 ) Various measures of prevention, alleviation and reduction to the lowest degree of the negative impact shall be proposed, established on the result of environmental impact anticipation and applicable compensation methods shall be proposed as well. The aim is to identify negative impact before the construction, raise attention in finalizing the design document and bid contract, and carry out the alleviation methods during the construction period. (4) The Environmental assessment shall work as decision making reference, provided to the highway administration departments and local government institutions along the section in making environmental administration plan and environmental development programs. 1.3 Report Preparation Basis 1.3.1 the World Bank Requirements (1) "Environmental Assessment" (OP4.01), the World Bank, January 1999. 1.3.2 the national environmental protection laws, regulations and technical standard and guideline of assessment (2) "Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China", Dated on December 26, 1989 (3) "Environment Noise Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on Oct. 29, 1996 (4) "Water Pollution Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on May, 15, 1996 2  (5) "Air Pollution Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on Aug. 29, 1995 (6) "Solid Waste Prevention Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on Oct. 30, 1995 (7) "Soil and Water Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on .June. 29,1991 (8) "Highway Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on .July 3, 1997 (9) "Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China" Dated on Nov. 19, 1982 (10) "Environmental Protection Management Rules for Projects under Construction" 253' order of the State Council, Dated on Nov. 18, 1998 (I1) "Environmental Protection Management Methods of Communications Project under Construction"(90), 1 7' order of the Communications Minister (12) "Circular on the Management Work of Environmental Impact Assessment of the Projects Financed by International Financial Organizations" the Stale Environmental Protection Agency, the state Development & planning Committee, Ministry of Finance and the People 's Bank of China, 1993 (13) "Environmental Impact Assessment Standard of Highway Project Construction (trial) " JTJ 005-96, Ministry of Communications (14) "Technical Guideline of Environmental Impact Assessment" JJ/T2.1-2.3-93, HJ/T2.4-1995, HJ/T19-1997, the State Environmental Protection Agency 1.3.3 Project Design Document and Relative Data (15) "Studies on the Highway Maintenance Component o Anhui Province Highway Project Financed by the World Bank" dated on Sep. 2001, prepared by Anhui Provincial Highway Survey and Design Institute (16) "Two Phases Preliminary Designs of Luan - Shucheng - Sanhe Section Improvement Project" dated on March 2002, prepared by Anhui Provincial Highway Survey and Design institute (17) Relative data provided by Anhui Provincial Highway Administration Bureau and municipal highway administration bureau, statistics and data collected on site 1.4 Assessment Criteria 1.4.1 Class of Environmental Assessment In line with the criteria set in the World Bank "Environmental Assessment" (OP4.0) , the Environmental assessment of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section component should be classified as class A in accordance with Hefei - Anqing highway Project which Environmental assessment is Class A. Therefore Environmental Impact Assessment report should be prepared. 1.4.2 Environmental Assessment Range 3  The assessment range is shown in the following table l-1. Environmental Assessment Range Table 1-1 No Assessment contents Assessment range I Social environment The area withm 200m away from both sides of the highway and the area to be impacted directly by the construction 2 Ecological environrment Thc area within 200m away from both sides of the central line of the highway 3 Acoustic environment The area within 200m away from both sides of the central hne of the highway 4 Envffonment air The area within 200m away from both sides of the central line of the highway 5 Pavement water environment Rivers and ditched within 200m away from both sides of the central line of the highway 6 Cultural relics, historic sites, The area within 200m away firom both sides of the central line lanldscapes of the highway 1.4.3 Selection of Assessment Factors Based on the analysis over the potential environmental impact sources and their impact, the assessment factors are selected as follows: (1) social enviromnent: social economy, living quality, cultural relics and historic sites; (2) Ecological environment: terrestrial vegetation, soil erosion; (3) Environment Noise: equivalent continuous A sound level (Leq); (4) Environment air: TSP. NO2 ( 5) Pavement water environment: SS, CODcr, BOD5 1.4.4 Standard of Environmental Assessment It is found through investigation that there are not any environmental sensitive objects like natural protective areas, tourist landscapes, cultural relics and historic sites that need special protection. The main protective objects are identified as schools, hospitals and farming crops along both sides of the highway. Thus the standard of environmental assessment is finalized as follows concerning the protective objects and the requirements of the World Bank. (1) Acoustic Environment Assessment of acoustic environmental implements "Environmental Noise Standard in Urban Areas" (GB3096-93) , among which Class I is suitable for schools and hospitals and Class 4 for the rest. Table 1-2 shows the environmental noise standard (extracts); Class I is fit for asphalt mixture stations in accordance with "Noise Standard of Industrial Enterprises" (GB 12348-90) . Table 1-2 shows the extractions as well. Environmental noise during the construction period shall be fit for " Noise Limit of 4  Construction Sites) (GB12523-90) . Table 1-3 shows the extracts. Assessment Standard of Environmental Noise (extracts) Table 1-2 Unit :dB (A) Type Daytime Night Applicable rangc time Main location of urban residential disincts and cultural and educational I 55 45 agencies, reference for the environment of rural residential areas 2 70 55 Areas of both sides of main tnnk roads in the cities, areas of both sides of nvers crossing the cities 3 55 45 Class I standard of noise limit of industnal enterpnses Noise Limit of Construction Site (extracts) Table 1-3 Unit. dB (A) Construction Noise generators Dati e Nmit penod Daytme Night bme earthwork Soil shifler, excavator, shovel loader 75 55 Structure MLxer, rappuig stick, electnc saw 70 55 (2) Environment Air Assessment standard of environment air shall implement Class Il of "Environment Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-1996) . Table 14 shows the extracts. Air pollution discharge shall reach Class II of " Comprehensive Discharge Standard of Air Pollutants" (GB16297-1996) . Environment Air Quality Standard (extracts) Table 1-4 Pollutants (TSP) (NO2) (CO) BaP( 1 g/m3) Concentration Daily 0 30 0 12 4 00 0.01 limit average (mg/m3l) Hourly 0.24 10.00 average _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (3) Pavement Water Environment Pavement water environment shall implement Class V of "Pavement Water Environment Quality Standard" (GHZBI-1999) . Table 1-5 shows the extracts. 5  Pavement Water Environment Quality Standard (extracts) Table 1-5 Item CODcr BOD5 Class V standard (mg/l) <40 0 61 o o (4) Ecological Environment Assessment standard of soil erosion on the areas crossed by the highway shall implement "Class and Grade Standard of Soil Erosion ". Table 1-6 shows the Class standard and table 1-7 shows soil unit loss allowance. Class Standard of Soil Erosion Intensity Table 1-6 Class of soil erosion Average erosion modulus (/kmn2. a) Average loss thickness (mm/a) Leastseriously eroded (no <200, 500, 1000 <0.15, 037, 074 apparent erosion) Less senously eroded (200, 500, 1000) -2500 0 15, 0.37, 0 74-1 9 Medium serously eroded 2500-5000 1 9'3.7 Senously eroded 5000--8000 3.7--5 9 More seriously eroded 8000--15000 5 9-11.1 Most seriously eroded > 15000 >11.1 Note: Loss thickness is calculated on the base of soil unit weight I 35g/cm3 Loss thickness could be calculated based on local soil unit weight Soil Unit Loss Allowance of Soil Eroded Areas (extracts) Table 1-7 Areas Soil unit loss allowance (t/kmn2 a) Northem earth and stone mountamous area 200 Southern red soil hilly area 500 1.4.5 Assessment Methods The assessment is conducted via the way of "concentration on points and combination of points and the section". The method of investigation and analysis is applied in the evaluation on society and living quality. The method of modulus calculation is applied in acoustic environmental assessment. The analytic method of comparison and anticipation is applied in enviromnent air quality assessment. The analytic method is applied in ecological environmental assessment. 6  2. General Description of the Construction 2.1 Geographic Location Anhui Province is located in the southeast of China, downstream of Changjiang river, with Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province on the east, Jiangxi Province on the south, Henan Province and Hubei Province on the west and Shangdong Province on the north. The Changjiang River crosses the southern part of Anhui Province from the southwest to the northeast and Jingjiu railway crosses the Province from north to the south. Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section lies in the middle and west of the province, starting at the western suburb of Luan city, crossing Shucheng County and ending at Sanhe interchange on Hefei-Anqing highway in the east. The total length is 80km. The alignment of Luan-Shucheng-~Sanhe section is identified in the Drawing 2-1. 2.2 Project Name and Construction Nature Project name: Luan - Shucheng - Sanhe Section of Highway Maintenance Component of Anhui Provincial Highway Project of China. Construction Nature: "Rehabilitation" of road pavement 4eavy reparation of the poor road pavement is classified as "rehabilitation" set in "Technical Standard of Highway Maintenance" of China. Accordingly Luan- Shucheng - Sanhe section belongs to "rehabilitation" engineering, meaning the construction of widening and overhaul shall be carried out on the existing subgrade. 2.3 Technical Standard of Project Design 2.3.1 Technical Standard of Highway Design ( I ) Highway grade: Class II highway in the plain and hilly areas. (2) Calculated traffic speed: 80km/h. (3) Subgrade and pavement: the width of subgrade, 17.0m; the width of road pavement, 14.Um; subgrade designed for flood frequency 1/50. (4) Designed loading capacity of bridge: The whole width of medium and small bridges, 17m; the net width, 16m; designed loading capacity: vehicle-20, trailer-l00, designed flood frequency 1/100; the whole width of a large bridge, 15m, net width 14m; designed loading capacity: vehicle-20, trailer-100, designed flood frequency 1/1000 2.3.2 Technical Standard of Road Pavement Design The pavement structure layer: 3cm fine granular asphalt concrete + 5cm asphalt macadam + 20cm cement stabilized gravels +30cm natural gravel. 2.4 Major rechnical and Economic Indicators The major technical and economic indicators are shown in the Table 2-1 based on the preliminary design documents. -7  Drawing2-1 Geographic Location of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe Section of Highway Maintenance Component zhu Henan j,O / 7 x ./ 1n S -- ( ( 1 S -t'> n JU~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Y >izh~~~~~ao4- E-- 2F hHu nn / ~~~~~~~Shoux iar4 | --ntXys Huoqlf i \u hu h j\ Lua.n-Shuchenk- anhE \ I\ <Ji1 _- ' ~~, t| Highway I Sect iof Henan x s Hubei~~~~~Hosa ng ogh 4 uagF t ,j,i an we iUg \+f Oians5hjn t _uanggu1 Hubei> , 9QIg t i "t \ }/ )t oX t S> t ~~~~~~~~~~~ h ;dI-i i d nJ-- , , Key 2.j9vz''270& 2 1 Gao 1e , The proj,ecta Highway f\ 8  Major Technical and Economic Indicators of Table 2-1 Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe Highway Section No Item Unit Quantty Remark A Basic Indicator I Highway grade Class If 2 Calculated traffic speed (plain, hill) Krh 80.0 3 Estimated total cost 10 00 16986 6690 10OO^Ou 2133 4 Average cost/ km 'anY 2123334 B Route 5 Total length km 80.0 6 -KRoute extension coefficient % 109 22 7 Average crossover point/km No. 0 99 8 Hornzontal curve minimum radium m/no 400 9 Horizontal curve maximum radium m/no 25000 10 tpehI horizontl curve accounting for % 41.24 II - The longest length of straight line m 2541.393 12 Maximum longitiudinal gradient % 3.50 13 Minimum grade i 200 00 14 TtlenIof vertical curve accounting for the % 42 54 15 longitudinal gradient change times/km ttmes 1.83 176 The smieum radium of vertical curve, m 4500 The mlnimum radium of vertical curve, m 3000 concave snape The maximum radium of vertical curve, m 400000 concave snape_ The m radium of vertical curve, m 800000 conv e F rai e8000 Subgrade and pavement 18 sibgrade width m 17.0 19 Net width of pavement i 14.0 20 Designed accumulative axle times of 10 oOnti 242 09 pavement h~~~~~~~~ines 21 Pavement structure type and width 22 Asphalt concrete course, 14m wide km 76 739 Shu leg D Bndge and culvert 23 Designed traffic loading capacity Vchcle-20, trailcr-I 00 24 Net width of bridge pavement 25 large bridge Net 14m oPhebriae ge 26 Medium and small bndges Net 16m of &teh ic 'dth 27 Large and medium bridges m/no 580.08/9 28 Small bridge m/no 291.66/13 29 ,vrle averaRe lenBn C l large and medium m 7.12 29 noges ever ;kW and mc. 30 a.y1erage length of small bridges every m 3.65 WE Route crossing 31 Separate grade crossing: Crossmg by highway overpass No I Crossing Ry lway overpass No I 32 grade crossing. with highway No. 13 F Route facilities and other works 3 Safe facilitics 34 Warning pole No 4395 35 Hectometer stoke No. W 720 36 Kilometer stone NO. 80 37 Highway boundary stone No 802 38 Traffic sign set 71 39 TrafiTc identification (hot melt type) m 6372 08 40 Traic deacation (normal temperature m2 24000 1 affsivent typ9C F -Environmental protection 41 Greening km 157.61 42 Turf planttng 230 2 9  2.5 Basic Process of Pavement "Rehabilitation" Project The construction of the project shall not require any land acquisition and therefore shall not involve with any resettlement of structures. Chart 2-2 shows the basic process of pavement "rehabilitation" project of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section. Exstn roa Adus lui_uba gr_n hnprove dbauuBgeand t Surfacc Improvement I miad urvescs giradiet proecio faihbv * s Chart 2-2 Process of Pavement "Rehabilitation" Construction 2.6 Project Directly Impacted Areas Luan-Shucheng--Sanhe highway section which starts at the suburb of Luan City connecting highway G312 and ends at Sanhe interchange on Hefei-Anqing highway, is the most convenient access to Hefei-Anqing highway for Luan, Shucheng and Sanhe. According to the investigation, the impacted towns are identified as follows. Jinan district of Luan City: Wangchenggang (Zhongdian Town) , Sungang Town (Xianshengdian Town), Shiqiao Town, Shuanghe Town; Shucheng County: Tangshu Town, Boling Town, Chengguan Town, Kongi Town, Qianrenqiao Town, Hangbu Town, Feixi County: Sanhe Town etc. There are 11 towns in total. 2.7 Sources of Building Materials The "rehabilitation" project does not require a big quantity of earthworks. The major works shall be the pavement widening and strengthening. Most materials shall be stones, macadam road sunface, sand, lime, asphalt, cement and so on. These materials shall be procured from markets. Table 2-2 shows the sources of the major building materials and ways of transportation. The envirornmental issues produced by the sand pits and stone pits are the business of the owners who is responsible for the rehabilitation of its ecological environment according to relative regulations. The project would not consider the environment problems caused by sources of the materials of sand and stone pits. 10  Major Material Sources and Transportation Status Table 2-2 Transportation Material Matenal source distance Way of remark namc (km) transportation Rubble Shucheng Stone Pit, Luan Longxue 30,15 automobile Stone Pit macadam Shucheng County brokenstone Pit 30 automobile road sunfacc Sand Shucheng Hangpihe Sand Pit, 30 automobile Shucheng Zhangdian Town Sand Pit Lime Huainnan Shangyao Lime Plant 134 automobile Cement Caohu Dongguan Cement Plant, 84,30 automobile Shucheng County Cement Plant Asphalt Wuhu City Huanyu Asphalt Matenal 180 automobile Limited Company T________ ____________ 2.8 Traffic Volume Prognosis Table 2-3 shows traffic volume prognosis on the alternative project feasibility study and the preliminary design. Traffic Volume Prognosis Table 2-3 Unit No. /day (MTE) Name Traffic 2001 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 volume Bus 1297 1883 2871 4194 5882 7871 Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe Truck 1530 1928 2484 3095 3738 4334 highway section tractor 294 305 317 294 264 234 total 3121 4115 5671 7583 9885 12439 2.9 Major Technical Indicators of Highway Pavement before and after Rehabilitation Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe highway section is designed to be Class II and the traffic speed is 80km/h. Table 2-4 shows the major indicators of the highway before and after rehabilitation. Major Technical Indicators of Highway Pavement before and after Rehabilitation Table 2-4 Before Rehabilitation After rehabilitation Name Length subgrade Pavement Pavement Construct. Construct. (km) Grade width width avement Grade width avement type penod (in) (in) type) (mn) type Luan- 2002 5 Shucheng 80 11 15- 18 6-14 Asphalt 11 14 Asphalt Rehabilitation '-Sanhe oil oil highway 2004 4 Ii  2.10 Project Investment Estimate and Financial Arrangement Estimated investment of Luan - Shucheng - Sanhe highway section is RMB 169,866,690 yuan. Average unit cost is estimated at RMB2,123,300 yuan/km. The project shall be composed of the World Bank loan and provincial counterpart funds. The World Bank loan would account for 40% of the total investment, and the provincial counterpart fund would account for the 60%. 2.11 Project Implementation Plan According to the construction plan of "rehabilitation" of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe section, the project design and environmental assessment have been conducted from Aug. 2001 to Apr. 2002, the construction shall start in May of 2002, complete and operate in Apr. 2004. The construction period shall cover 24 months. Table 2-5 shows the project implementation plan. Project Implementation Plan Table 2-5 \Constrction 2001 2002 2003 2004 \imelC 891011 12 1 234567891011 12 1234567891011 12 12345 Contents \ Feasibility study _ Environmental assessment Preliminary design _ Construction Completion and acceptance 12  3. Environment Description 3.1 Natural Environment 3.1.1 Topography Luan-Shucheng -Sanhe section is located between Huai river and Changjiang river and belongs to Jianghuai hilly area, high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The front part is generally hilly, up and down, while the later part is plain of smooth terrain. 3.1.2 Meteorological Phenomena and Climate Luan belongs to warm temperate and monsoon climate zone which has the climate features described as evident monsoon, clear four seasons, changeable spring, rainy summer, clear and crisp autumn, cold winter. The climate is suitable for the growth of wheat, oil crop, bean that prefers cold weather and proper for the growth of paddy rice and cotton that prefers warm weather on the contrary. Table 3-1 shows the major meteorological parameters of project areas. Local Meteorological Parameters of Project Areas Table 3-1 Names of city and Yearly average Precipitation Frost-free Major wind Yearly average county )tempature (mm) period (d) direction speed (IC) (m/s) Luan City 15.5 1084 220 E 2.6 Shucheng County 16 0 1000-1364 230-247 E 2 8 Note: Data are extracted from national economtc statistics of the year 2000 of Luan City and Shucheng County 3.1.3 Soil Vegetation Yellow and brown soil is the main soil of the local soil type and the paddy soil is the second. The whole area is classified as the vegetation belt mixed of deciduous leave, broad- leaved evergreen and coniferous forest. There is little natural vegetation due to the long time of human activities. At present, most existing vegetation on both sides of the road and around houses are planted, namely white poplar, ailanthus, pagoda-tree, locust, platen, paulownia; Farming crops are wheat, paddy rice, bean, oil crop, peanut, cotton, vegetable, melon and fruits. 3.1.4 Soil Erosion Status China is one of the countries that lose soil and water seriously. As is published, the lost soil and water has reached 367X 104km2, accounting for 38% of the total land, among which, soil erosion of Changjiang River amounts to 62 X 104km2, occupying 16.9% of the total. According to the Class of soil erosion type of China, Luan belongs to southern red 13  soil hilly area, having hydrodynamic erosion as the main feature. It is identified in the data provided by Luan Municipal Water Resource Bureau, local soil erosion modulus is 2150tIkm2 . a, ranking as slightly eroded. The soil loss amount exceeds 500Stkm2 * a of soil unit loss allowance set by the state. 3.1.5 Water Resources Status (1) Pavement Water There are two major water systems in Luan area. Pi river, Shi river, Feng river, Ji river and Dongfei river originate in Dabie mountain and are interior rivers, flowing from south to north and into Huai river, belonging to Huai river system. Hangbu river and Fengle river also originate from Dabie mountain and flow from west to east into Changjiang river by way of Cao lake, belonging to Changjiang river system. As reported in "Anhui Province Statistics", local amount of pavement water resource is about 9.21 billion m3 in total in the normal year. Per capita occupation is 1 650m3. The volume of water crossing this region is about 320-530 million mi3. The storage of 5 natural lakes of Chengxi lake, Chengdong lake, Wabu lake etc. in the middle stream of Huai river amounts to 780 million m3 in the normal year. The water that could be used is about 500 million m3. However water resource scatters unevenly, with much in the south while less in the north, much in the mountains while less in the hills, much in the summer while less in the winter. (2) Underground Water The underground water storage in the west of Anhui (Luan district) is estimated at 695 million m3/a. The underground water with good quality and rich quantity, is mainly replenished with rainfall and constrained by climate, topography and geology structure and generally buried under 3-10m. Most residents along the highway section drink the underground water according to the investigation. 3.1.5 Natural Resources The natural resources along the highway are fine iron sand, alta-mud and comish stones and their storage are 8 million tons, 0.94 million tons and 2.4 million tons respectively. The mines of the resources have been conducted in a small scale. The other resources such as lime, marble and dolomite are located near Dabie mountainous area and the shortest distance from the highway is about 30km. 3.2 Ecological Environment 3.2.1 Natural Ecological Environment The project is located-in the slight hilly areas between Jianghuai Plain and Huaibei Plain where the history of human activities is very long and there is not any group of large-sized wild animals and large belt of natural vegetation. There is few rare wild animals or vegetation to be protected in this place. The man-planted vegetation and small wild animals could be seen within 200 m away from the highway, including forestry in the mounds, green belts on both sides of the highway, farming crops in the fields and various small wild animals as frogs, snakes and insects as well. 14  3.2.2 Agricultural Ecological Environment The project covers the areas of Luan City, Shucheng County and Sanhe Town which are featured for agricultural farming areas. The main crops along the section are paddy rice, wheat, oil crop, com, sweet potato and cotton and there is also forest in some areas. The crop output is usually high due to the suitable climate, rich soil and convenient irrigation. The paddy rice output is 500 kg/mu. The wheat output is about 300 kg/mu. The oil crop output is about 150 kg/mu. The corn output is about 400 kg/mu. The people living nearby raise livestock and fowls, including pigs, cattle, sheep, chicken, ducks and geese etc. The raised aquatic products of the project areas are fishes like bighead, silver carp, crucian, carp and grass carp. The trees along the road are man-planted as poplar, platen, paulownia and willow and grow fine. Arbors are planted in the town and villages along the road and nearby, such as poplar, platen, paulownia, elm and metasequoia etc. Besides, there are some tea gardens, fruit trees of peach, pear, apple and so on. Local farmers plant various vegetables as greens, peppers, pumpkins and white gourds etc. The implementation of the project would not involve with any land acquisition and resettlement. There would be little impact on the agricultural ecological environment, natural vegetation and ecological environment along the highway. Certain amount of trees shall be destroyed during the construction and would be replanted once highway rehabilitation is completed in accordance with the designed greening program. 3.3 Social Environment The project covers the areas of Luan City and Shucheng County. The basic information of the project areas is shown in table 3-2. Basic Information of the Project Areas Table 3-2 Per capita GDP Per capita net Populaton Farming land Per capita GDP income of Name (104) (ha) farning land (billion (yuan/a) farmers (mu) yuan/a) (yuan/a) Luan city 662 11 435421 1 48 17 918 2743 1571 Shucheng 98.3 42872 0 91 2.460 2515 1598 county I.I I I Note. The data are extracted from Statistics in 2001 of Luan City and Shucheng County The project is located in the west of Anhui Province uhere is less developed. Highway is the major way of transportation. In addition, Luan City (county level) and Shucheng County are listed as the state poverty stricken countries. The local per 15  capita GDP is compared with per capita GDP of the whole province presented in the Table 3-3. Comparison of Per Capita GDP Table 3-3 Name Anhui Province Luan City Shucheng County Per capita GDP 4707 2743 2515 (yuan/a) percentage (%) 100 582 53.4 Note: The data are extracted from "Anhui Provincial Statistics in 2000" The above table presents that per capita GDP of Luan City and Shucheng County only accounts for 58.2% and 53.4% of per capita GDP of the province. The project is believed to improve the existing transportation capacity and condition, increase the flowing in and out of the goods and people, create more opportunities for the poor countryside with less developed communications, in particular, to benefit social economic development along the highway. 3.4 Living Quality The investigation shows that municipal and county governments pay much attention to education. There are 15 middle and primary schools along the highway and students reach more than 7960. Around 99 % of proper aged children are educated in the school. Most schools have the buildings of 2-4 floors. One of the schools is a private school named Luan City Nanshan School and has about 600 students and occupies 46600m2 land. Various social resources and channels are mobilized to promote people's cultural knowledge. In addition to the schools set up by the governments, all kinds of training classed are held to update people's skill and capacity. Table 3-4 shows enrollment ratio of primary schools and middle schools in Luan City and Shucheng County. Enrollment Ratio of Primary Schools and Middle Schools in the Project Areas Table 3-4 Enrollment of pnmary school Enrollment of Jumor middle schools Name School-age Enrollment Enrollment Primary school Enrollment of junior Enrollment chddren ratio % graduate middle school ratio % uan City 626019 621136 99.22 129930 128553 98.94 hucheng 107260 106273 99.08 16390 16410 100.12 Note The data are extracted from Statistics m 2001 of Luan City and Shucheng County. There are 3 township hospitals along the road, containing 18 ward beds and curing common diseases. Serious patients must be sent to city /county hospitals. In the past, 16  patient's safety was greatly challenged subject to inconvenient transportation. The road improvement could better the healthy condition of rural residents and benefit the immediate save of senrous patients in this sense. The living quality of local residents would be impacted due to the poor pavement of the highway and noise of the vehicle. To sum up, the project shall improve the pavement quality, better the transportation condition, decline TSP and noise of traffic. As a result, the social economic development and local people's living quality shall be much improved. 17  4. Environmental Status Investigation and Assessment The environment and its status have been conducted and monitored along the highway, including industrial pollutants and special environment along the highway. Hefei Municipal Environmental Monitoring Station, on entrustment, has monitored environment quality of enviromnent noise, environment air and pavement water relative with sensitive points from Jan. 22, 2002-Jan. 30. The distribution of monitoring points is shown in Drawing 4-1. 4.1 Monitoring and Assessment of Environment Quality 4.1.1 Acoustic Environment Status Table 4-1 shows the finding of environment noise via monitoring on the major sensitive points along the highway. Monitoring Record of Environment Noise Status of Major Sensitive Points along Luan-Shucheng -Sanhe Section Table 4-1 noise rade[B(A)] Traffic vohiwne Distancfri noise grade[dB(Af ra (No/h) No Monitoring point location tral day nght day Night time time time time I LhnCity Nanshan K5+1S0 40 51.6 36.4 174 26 2 piuang tan1 K12+010 50 505 35 2 168 24 3 th~jiPioo fl iy K14+400 160 512 36.8 170 26 4 PynmUV1foo1 K32+400 40 50 2 35 8 168 25 5 cj1intalfl Primiy K37+600 55 49.8 35 8 159 23 6 Buaiyang Primary K40+010 50 48 6 36 2 158 22 7 SQ inqfao Middle K45+220 70 53 4 385 195 28 8 5XsnJing Primary K46+200 70 48 6 36 2 156 23 9 ftodoup Primary KS50+600 70 49 2 35 6 157 21 10 Much No.3 K52+530 45 54.7 39.8 190 24 11 eel g Pmary K58+560 75 49.2 37 8 172 22 12 c o Pimary K63+200 30 50.4 38 4 184 26 13 c ionrqiao Middle K63+450 80 46.8 35 7 210 22 14 figbu NMddle K74+700 70 49.2 37 1 186 30 15 ghucr mry K77+500 85 48 5 38 4 172 26 16 Baiyang Hospital K39+700 35 48 9 36.8 178 27 17 Qinqiao Clinic K45+700 40 50.1 38 7 196 19 18 Hangbu Hospital K75+630 50 503 39 2 194 23 Evaluation criteria (GB3096-93) Class 1 55 45 / / Note: The traffic volume is not converted to MTE. 18  Drawing 4-1 Monitoring Distribution Location of Environment Status of Luan-Shucheng-Sanhe Highway Section Start, [0+000 N Luan C ity Indication (I $(DLuan City Nansban School ()Xiangiing Primazy School OZhUcihun Primary School ~~~~~ Qh~~~~~~~~~!Rangbidian Primay School (g BaodunL Primry School 1 Baiyang liospital CNi)Sihipu Primary School OShucheng No. 3 Iiddle School Q Qinqiao Hospital