Philippines - Manila Second Sewerage Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 15 of 27) : Initial Environmental Examination of Project no. 13 ; Philippine Army Housing, Taguig, Metro Manila

Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Manila Water Company, Inc. E94 Volume 15 Initial Environmental Examination of the Community Sanitation Project Manila Second Sewerage Project IBRD 4019 Project No. 13 Philippine Army Housing (PA Housing) Taguig, Metro Manila Prepared by: Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Rd, Balara, Quezon City December 2001 FIE Y: _ I FIL* _C__ _ D  TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. Executive Summary 7 1.01PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 BASIC PROJECT INFORMATION 12 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION 12 1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE 14 1.4DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 1 .4.1 Pre-Operational/Construction Phase 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan 15 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Development Block 15 1.4.1.3 Estimate Total Area to be opened for Civil Works 15 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities 15 1.4.1.5 Types of Equipment to be Used 19 1.4.1.6 Source of Construction Materials and Facilities 19 1.4.1.7 Support Services and Facilities Requirements and Availability 20 1.4.1.8 Estimate of Total Cut Soil Volume 20 1.4.1.9 Total Manpower Requirement 20 1.4.2 Operational Phase 1.4.2.1 Project Operation Schedule and Duration 21 1.4.2.2 Process Technology and Activities 21 1.4.2.3 Waste Production Scheme 22 1.4.2.4 Manpower Requirement 24 1.4.3 Abandonment Phase 24 2.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 2.1 STUDY METHODOLOGY 2.2LAND 2.2.1 Land Resource Utilization 25 2  2.2.2 Physiography and Geology 25 2.2.3 Vegetation and Wildlife 25 2.2.4 Land Acquisition Assessment 27 2.3WATER 2.3.1 Inventory of Water Bodies 27 2.3.2 Water Quality (Surface/Ground) 27 2.4AIR 28 2.5 PEOPLE 2.5.1 Population/Beneficiary 28 2.5.2 Project Affected Persons 28 3.0 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES 28 4.0 IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 IMPACT IDENTIFICATION 4.1.1 Impacts During Construction Phase 30 4.1.2 Impact During Operation Phase 31 4.2 IMPACT PREDICTION AND EVALUATION 33 4.3 UNAVOIDABLE AND RESIDUAL IMPACTS 34 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.1 IMPACTS MITIGATION / ENHANCEMENT PLAN 34 5.2ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING ACTION PLAN 39 6.OCOMMUNITY CONSULTATION PROCESS . 40 3  LIST OF FIGURES __- 1 Location Map of BLC 13 2 Proposed Implementation Schedule 17 3 Proposed STP Site Layout 18 4 General Treatment Process Scheme 23 5 Photograph of STP site 26 4  LIST OF TABLES 1 Typical Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality 14 2 Estimates of Soil Excavation Volumes 20 3 Influent Flow Characteristics 21 4 DENR Effluent Parameters for Class C Waters 22 5 Sources and List of Potential Environmental 29 Impacts 6 Typical Noise Emissions of Construction 31 Equipment at Various Distances from Source in dB(A) 7 Sludge Production of Various Wastewater 32 Treatment Processes 8 Summary of Assessment of Environmental Issues 33 / Impacts 9 Environmental Management Plan 34 10 Environmental Monitoring Action Plan 39 1 1 Institutional Monitoring 40  LIST OF ANNEXES 1 Manila Water Company STARRT Card for Monitoring Construction Works 2 Wastewater Quality Monitoring Schedule 3 Manila Water PCO Report Format 4 Sample Monitoring Sheet for Effluent Quality 5 Endorsement from the Barangay Captain 6 Draft Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between Manila Water Company and the Philippine Army 6  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The proposed project for Philippine Army Housing (PA Housing) is one of the twenty-three (23) sub-projects of the Community Sanitation Project Phase 1, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted Manila Second Sewerage Project (MSSP). The project is intended to reduce the current wastewater pollution discharged to the Laguna Lake by the three hundred and eighty four (384) residential units in PA Housing. The project involves the improvement and rehabilitation of the sewerage system in the compound. Specifically, the project includes the installation of sewer lines to intercept sewage flows from existing communal septic tanks as well as raw wastewater flows from buildings without septic tanks. An underground centralized sewage treatment plant (STP) will be constructed to treat the wastewater flows. A Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) between Manila Water Company and the Philippine Army will be executed to allow project implementation. In conformity with the requirements of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC) pursuant to P.D. 1586 is being secured for the project. I. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS Philippine Army Housing (PA Housing), also known as Philippine Army Officers Village (PAOVILLE), was developed for the military personnel assigned in Fort Bonifacio. PA Housing occupies 4.6 hectares of the 100-hectare Philippine Army compound in Fort Bonifacio. It lies on the southernmost part of the 100-hectare army compound. It is bounded by the Heritage Park in the south and Bayani Road in the west. PA Housing consists of twenty-eight (28) five-story buildings with a total of 384 household units. It shelters a population of approximately 2,690. The 28 buildings are designed as follows: Model 120 20 buildings 320 units Model 180 8 buildings 64 units Floral population within PA Housing constitutes ornamental plants and a few trees. Faunal population is limited to household pets and stray animals. The area is characterized by a relatively even distribution of precipitation during the year. Like in most parts of Metro Manila, the community has two distinct seasons: the dry season during the months of November to May and the wet season during the months of June to October. 7  Existinq Sewerage System The sewerage system which serves the 2,690 population of PA Housing is made up of sewer pipes with diameters ranging from 150-200 millimeters. The sewer lines collect wastewater from each of the 384 residential units to the 14 septic tanks (one septic tank serves two buildings). From the septic tanks, settled wastewater flows to a chlorine contact chamber. However, the chlorination system has not been operated since its completion. Settled wastewater from the chamber finds its way to the drainage system with a main outflow connected to a collection pond in the nearby Heritage Park. The Heritage Park uses the collected water for irrigation of the trees and ornamental plants within the cemetery. Unused settled water is returned to the municipal drainage system. Combined wastewater and drainage flow into a tributary of the Taguig River and ultimately discharge to the Laguna Lake. The current BOD5 of the Laguna Lake ranges from 2-5 mg/L which falls within the BOD5 for Class C waters. DENR Administrative Order 34 (DAO 34) describes Class C water as that suitable for the following: 1. Fishery Water for the propagation and growth of fish and other aquatic resources; 2. Recreational Water Class II (Boating, etc.); 3. Industrial Water Supply Class I (For manufacturing processes after treatment). II. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATING MEASURES Potential Environmental Mitigating Measures Impact CONSTRUCTION PHASE 1. Poor quality of . Manila Water Company will monitor the supply and installation construction contract to assure quality of equipment and construction. Site Managers and Engineers with experience in construction management shall approve all materials and equipment to be used and installed at the site. . The contractor will be required to post a performance bond for the Design and Construction Contract of the sewerage system.  2. Air pollution . Efficient construction planning and work scheduling (suspended particulates, . Formulation of appropriate work plans, work scheduling, work odor and fumes, vehicle specifications and work methodologies emissions eg. C02, CO a Provision of properly maintained storage area for keeping NON) stocks of construction materials and equipment . Prompt and fast removal of excavated materials or dredges spoils from construction site . Sprinkling of water on dust-generating mounds of resulting from earthmoving activities and civil works. . Control of motor vehicle emissions . Dust accumulation will also be prevented through proper washing of the vehicles prior to its departure from the site . Development and enforcement of strict health and safety pollution control regulations specific for the project site - Good housekeeping of workplace and construction affected areas - Use of Protective Gear by all workers 3. Water pollution due to . Provide temporary drain systems and storage facilities for wastewater , oil excavation soils, fuel and oils needed for equipment leakage/spills . Cautious and sensible planning for construction and post- construction phases of the project . Provision of a routine chemical and oil spill clean-up plan . Formulation of a monitoring program 4. Noise pollution from . Establish temporary sound barriers around the work site operation of construction . Proper scheduling and phasing of high-noise activities equipment . Use of appropriate mufflers and sound proofing for construction machinery, equipment and engines . Use of Personnel Protective Equipment by all workers 5. Temporary disruption of . Public information campaign posting schedule of construction traffic flow within the . Provision of a liaison officer from the residents of the compound compound to assist the information dissemination regarding inevitable changes in schedule of operations . Provision of temporary alternative routes, including visible traffic warning signals * To the extent possible, sewer lines, manholes and lift station will be constructed in common areas not used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic * Scheduling of delivery materials and removal of excavated material during non-rush hour periods. OPERATIONAL PHASE 1'.Environmental hazards . Carefully designed post-construction maintenance, due to accidents, man- contingency and monitoring programs made and natural disasters . Well designed plan for detection of accident or natural events eg. accidental spills, fire, including precautionary and remedial measures to be seismic activity, observed earthquakes, heavy . Provision of preventive and remedial procedural manuals at rain/flooding and design workplace failure . Adequate plans for environmental rehabilitation and restoration of site and removal of temporary structures and facilities installed during construction phase 9  2. Water Pollution (effluent . Wastewater discharged by the STP shall conform with the discharge) Effluent Standards set forth in DENR Admirpistrative Order 34 and 35 for Class C waters . Regular monitoring of wastewater effluent by the Manila Water Company Central Laboratory . Regular check on sewer lines to prevent discharge/seepage of untreated wastewater to the environment * Quality of civil work on the STP facility shall be enforced during construction to avoid seepage 3. Noise Pollution (STP . Use of appropriate mounting for machinery to minimize equipment, lift station) vibration * All mechanical/electrical equipment shall be installed inside enclosures * If appropriate, motors shall be provided with soundproofing devices * Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with appropriate tree species 4. Solid Waste * Solid waste generated within the STP facility will be minimal (generated within the facility but provision will be made for garbage collection and by the facility) . Disposal of sludge generated will be in accordance with established procedures of relevant authorities (disposal of sludge for use as soil conditioner) 5. Odors (organic and sulfur . Maintenance of greenbelt zones and vegetation with compounds coming from appropriate tree species raw wastewater and during . Provision of landscape which will improve the aesthetic of the desludging of septic tanks) area by planting green strips using appropriate plant or tree species . Provision of odor control mechanisms (deodorizer/adsorbent/masking agent) to prevent malodorous emissions) 6, Maintenance and . Regular asset condition monitoring by Manila Water Company Operation of the System personnel . Poor maintenance of * Regular maintenance works for STP equipment (pumps and mechanical equipment motors), sewer network and septic tanks (pumps and motors) * Adequate training of STP operators . Connections . A liaison officer from the Community will assist the STP operator in assuring the facility's efficiency in operation * Provision of adequate maintenance equipment and spares for the sewerage system facility 10  Ill. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Environmental monitoring will be the responsibility of Manila Water Company. _V3=mEmmm I Construction Phase Compliance with Manila * At STP site and its * On-the-spot daily Water Company health and perimeter inspection and safety policies (dust * Pipe laying area monitoring will be emissions, good * Equipment and implemented by the housekeeping, noise, odors) materials storage area Health and Safety Dept. of Manila Water Company using the STARRT Card (Annex 1) Traffic * Ingress and egress to * Daily the construction site Operational Phase Effluent Water Quality * Influent * Annex 2 describes in for parameters like pH, 5-day * Samples from detail the schedule of BOD, COD, Total coliform, Treatment stages wastewater quality suspended solids, and oil and * Effluent monitoring. grease. * STP site and * Daily Odor perimeter * At STP site * Weekly Sludge * Sewer network accumulation/Clogging * Sewer networ tanks  1.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.1 Basic Project Information Name of Project PHILIPPINE ARMY HOUSING COMMUNITY SANITATION PROJECT MANILA SECOND SEWERAGE PROJECT Address : PHILIPPINE ARMY HOUSING, Barangay Western Bicutan, Taguig, Metro Manila Contact Persons Leonor C. Cleofas Manager, Engineering and Project Management Office Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage System Ground Floor, Engineering Building, MWSS Complex, Katipunan Road, Balara, Quezon City 1105 Tel No. (632) 920-5413; (632) 920-5521 to 40 locals 3570/3569; Telefax: (632) 922-2568 Ma. Fiorella De Los Reyes-Fabella Wastewater Project Development Manager Manila Water Company, Inc. 489 Katipunan Road, 1105 Balara, Quezon City, Philippines Tel No. (632)981-8147; (632)926-7999 loc2032 Fax (632) 981-8106 1.2 PROJECT LOCATION The proposed project for PA Housing is a sub-project of the Community Sanitation Project, which is a component of the World Bank-assisted MSSP. The service area is the entire PA Housing compound. The project site is accessible through Bayani Road and Lawton Avenue. Figure 1 presents the vicinity map of the project 12  Figure 1. Location Map 0 0.1 O2 I Project Area Water Bodies 13  1.3 PROJECT RATIONALE In Metro Manila, untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater is the major source of pollution of inland waters. Most residential houses in Metro Manila treat their wastewater by means of septic tanks, which do not provide adequate treatment to satisfy the DENR requirements for wastewater effluent standards. Moreover, majority of septic tanks in Metro Manila is not properly maintained. This situation has led to the deterioration of the Pasig River and other inland waters. The DENR has estimated that around 60% of the pollution load to Pasig River, which empties to Manila Bay and Laguna Lake, come from domestic discharges. In the case of Laguna Lake, 65% of the total pollution load is attributed to domestic waste. There is therefore an urgent need to establish collection and treatment methods that will help reduce the pollution load to inland waters. The provision of an efficient and cost-effective sewage collection, treatment and disposal is the primary objective of the Community Sanitation Project under the MSSP. This project specifically aims to address the problems of inadequate wastewater treatment and disposal in PA Housing. Inadequate treatment of wastewater in septic tanks is indicated by the typical analysis of the effluent quality of septic tanks in other project sites (see Table 1 below). The project will help reduce public health risks and environmental pollution from untreated/partially treated domestic wastewater by providing a sustainable sanitation and sewerage facility. It will also serve as a good illustration of proper sanitation especially to the neighboring communities near Laguna Lake. Table 1 Typical Analysis of Septic Tank Effluent Quality Limit(s) Septic Tank Parameter DENR-EMB Effluent PH 6.5-9 7.3fli27.90C Suspended solids, mg/L 70 90-120 Dissolved Oxygen, mg/L 0.00 Biochemical Oxygen Demand 50 150-250 (BOD5), mg/L Chemical Oxygen Demand, mg/L 100 200-300 Total Coliform Count, MPN/100 ml 10,000 1O6_107 Fecal Coliform Count, MPN/100 ml - 106_107 14  1.4 DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT PHASES 1.4.1 Pre-Operational / Construction Phases 1.4.1.1 Construction Plan The project is scheduled for bidding in December 2001. Construction is expected to commence in March 2002 and project completion is targeted in September 2002 (210 calendar days). Figure 2 shows the implementation schedule for the project. Manila Water Company will undertake the project implementation. 1.4.1.2 Total Surface Development Block The service area is approximately 4.6 hectares and is estimated to have a current population of 2,690. The project will serve all the residential units in PA Housing. Any increase in population is not considered because there are no further planned development within the compound that would significantly affect the quality and/or quantity of wastewater discharges. 1.4.1.3 Estimate of Total Land Area to be Opened for Civil Works Civil Works will include installation of sewer pipe to collect the flow from the chlorine contact chamber to the STP, construction of the STP, and the laying of STP discharge pipe. The STP may be located underground in a 200 square- meter lot. Sewer lines totaling 20 meters will be opened for civil works. Figure 3 shows the STP site layout for the project. 1.4.1.4 Major Openings and Construction Activities The complete sewerage system will include the following components: * Sewer lines (diameter=200 mm) with a total estimated length of 15 meters to connect the chlorine contact chamber to the STP * STP with a design capacity of 430 m3/day and land requirement of 200 m2 * STP discharge pipe (diameter=200 mm) with a total estimated length of 5 meters to existing storm drainage 15  Figure 3 Proposed Implementation Schedule for the ARMY HOUSING Community Sanitation Project Week No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 j 9 j 1 1 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 ig 20 212 3 24 25 26 27 28 1-1AY A:3 - - ' la - r .. l A | t.r -r -, - - - - - -; -XX t .E-.rj;aebr E.Q.,rr.Mi g w ro 4-1~ ~ 1 iE~iI Ca L""E -, _ Te.FIjnn o ee1 Le _ BackfiIr.g and Peie~OaiC.r. - -4 Trpatrn~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r.v~~~~~ ~ i-. Install Treatment - Equipment Install Electilcal and Plumbing__ Testing. Acceptance & TurnoverI 1 6  Figure 3 Proposed STP Site Layout for Philippine Army Housing Community Sanitation Project Manila Water \M X TO OFF SITE DRAINAGE EL. 19.90 EL. 17.79 MH L.19.90 EXISTING CHLORINE CONTACT CHAMBER TO BE UTILIZED SJB C O \X0> EL.18.59 D Hnm MIHlo 25