Uganda - Road Sector Institutional Support Technical Assistance Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 2 of 7) : Final report Part 2 - socio cultural assessment

E-358 VOL.2 GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA Ministry of Works, Housing and Communications ROAD SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT (RSISTAP) The Feasibility Study Review and Engineering Design of KATUNGURU - KASESE - FORT PORTAL ROAD KASESE - KILEMBE ROAD EQUATOR ROAD Phase 1: Feasibility Study FINAL REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PART II: SOCIO-CULTURAL ASSESSMENT Consultant Client Ministry of Works, Housing Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Co. Ltd and Communications PO Box 10 in association with Entebbe - Uganda Associated Consulting Engineers DECEMBER 1999  I  GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA Ministry of Works, Housing and Communications ROAD SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECT (RSISTAP) The Feasibility Study Review and Engineering Design of KATUNGURU - KASESE - FORT PORTAL ROAD KASESE - KILEMBE ROAD EQUATOR ROAD Phase 1: Feasibility Study FINAL REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT PART Il: SOCIO-CULTURAL ASSESSMENT Consultant Client Ministry of Works, Housing Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Co. Ltd and Communications PO Box 10 in association with Entebbe - Uganda Associated Consulting Engineers DECEMBER 1999  I  Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibilitv Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EtA (SCA) - Final Report ABBREVIATIONS ACE Associated Consulting Engineers CAO Chief Administrative Officer CMP Construction Management Plan DEAP District Environmental Action Plan DEC District Environmental Committee DLC District Local Council DHiEC District Health and Environment Committee EA Environmental Appraisal EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Study ELU Environmental Liaison Unit GOU Government of Uganda [MD Information and monitoring Division LC Local Council LEC Local Environmental Committee MNR Ministry for Natural Resources MOLG Ministry of Local Government MOLWE Ministry of Land Works and Environment MOWHC Ministry of Works Housing and Communications MTTI Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Industry NBS National Bureau of Standards NEAP National Environmental Action Plan NEMA National Environmental NEMP National Environment Action Plan NES National Environmental Strategy NGO Non Governmental Organisation NRM National Resistance Movement NWSC National Water and Sewerage Corporation QENP Queen Elizabeth National Park RA Road Agency RAFU Road Agency Formation Unit RSISTAP The Road Sector Institutional Support Technical Assistance Project SCIA Socio-Cultural Impact Assessment SWK Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick & Co. Ltd UEB UJganda Electricity Board Scott Wilson in Association with Ace December 1999  Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibility Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EIA (SCA) - Final Report USAID United States Agency for International Development UWA Uganda Wildlife Authority WCA Wildlife Conservation Area WMA Wildlife Management Area WPA Wildlife Protection Area Scott Wilson in Association vith Ace ii December 1999  Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibility Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EIA (SCA) - Final Report GLOSSARY Carriageway - Area of road for use by motorised vehicle. bounded on either side by road shoulder. Duka - Local name widely used to refer to roadside retail shops. Matatu - Public minibus, widely used mode of travel both within and between urban areas and other settlements. Murrum - Local name commonly used to refer to gravel suitable for road building Pavement - A structure composed of layers of increasing rigidity and strength and of varying thickness, designed to carry traffic loads on natural soil formations. typically comprising subgrade. sub-base and base layers. Maintenance - All those activities undertaken to prevent deterioration of the road pavement during its serviceable lifetime. Such activities may include clearing of side ditches, desilting of culverts. repairing of potholes. ravelled surfaces and deformations, clearing of vegetation on the verges and restoration of road furniture and markings. The activities are categorised as Routine, Recurrent or Periodic, depending on the extent of work, plant used. frequency of such requirements and cost. Rehabilitation - An enhanced period of maintenance intended to restore the road to its original condition. Structural defects are repaired without major changes to alignment and width standards as would be implemented in a reconstruction. Road Reserve - Area of land typically extending 15 metres from the centre line of the road, owned by the MOWHC and within which they have rights to extend the road and place associated infrastructure (signs etc). This area is often also used for placing of underground or overground utilities (water mains. electricity, telephone cables etc). Shoulder - Area of road (typically 1.5 metres wide), between the carriageway and ditch, often used by pedestrians and cyclists. may or may not be sealed. Scott Wilson in Association with Ace iii December 1999  I  Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibility Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EIA (SCA) - Final Report CONTENTS SUMMARY 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................ 1-1 1.1 BACKGROUND .......................................................... 1-1 1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE SCA .......................................................... 1-2 2. METHODOLOGY AND REPORT STRUCTURE ................................................ 2-1 3. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ........................................... 2-1 3.1 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE .......................... 2-1 3.2 GOVERNMENT ORGANISATION .......................... 2-1 3.2.1 National Government ..2-1 3.2.2 Local Government ...2- 3.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN UGANDA . 2-3 3.3.1 Management at National Level ..2-3 3.3.2 Management at Local Level ....................... 2-4 3.4 SUMMARY OF RELEVANT NATIONAL LEGISLATION AND GUIDELINES .2-5 3.4.1 The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995 ................................... 3-5 3.4.2 The National Wetlands Policy .................................... 3-5 3.4.3 The Water Statute, 1995 ..3-6 3.4.4 The Uganda Wildlife Statute ........................: ................ 3-6 3.4.5 Environmental Quality Standards ......................... _.3-7 3.4.6 National EIA and Audit Guidelines ......................... 3-8 3.5 WORLD BANK REQUIREMENTS .......................... 3-8 3.6 AGENCIES WITH AN INTEREST IN THE PROJECT ..........................., 3-10 4. PROJECT NEED AND DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSALS ..................... 4-1 4.1 PROJECT NEED .......................... 4-1 4.2 CuRRENT ROAD CONDMONS AND MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES .......................... 4-2 4.3 PROJECT PROPOSALS ............................ 4-3 4.3.1 Katunguru to Fort Portal ...................................... . 4-3 4.3.2 Kasese to Kilembe .. .......................... 4-4 4.3.3 Equator Road .................... 4-5 4.4 TRAFFIC FORECASTS .................................................. 4-6 4.5 CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS AND AC1IVITIES .................................................. 4-7 Scott Wilson in Association with Ace iv December 1999  Katuncuru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibilitv Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EIA (SCA) - Final Report 5. BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ....................................... 5-1 5.1 STUDY AREA ................................................ 5-1 5.2 LANDUSE/ECONOMIC ACTIVITY ................................................ 5-1 5.3 LAND OWNERSHIP/TENURE ................................................ 5-6 5.4 SOCIO-ECONOIUC STATUS ................................................. 5-7 5.5 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ................................................. 5-8 6. ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION ....................................... 6-1 6.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................. 6-1 6.2 DIRECT EFFECTS ................................................ 6-1 6.3 INDIRECT AND OFF-SITE EFFECTS ................................................ 6-9 7. ENV'IRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ....................................... 7-1 7.1 GENERAL ................................................. 7-1 7.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN: DESIGN/PRECONSTRUCTION AND CONSTRUCTION 7-2 7.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN: OPERATION ................................................ 7-7 7.4 MONITORING REQUIREMENTS ................................................ 7-8 8. INTERAGENCY COORDINATION ....................................... 8-1 8.1 INTRODUCTION .................. 8-I 8.2 NEMA .................. 8-1 8.3 MOWHC AND RAFU .................. 8-3 8.4 OTHER AGENCIES .................. 8-3 8.5 RECOMMENDATIONS .................. 8-4 9. CONSIDERATION OF ALTERNATIVES ............................... 9-1 9.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................ 9-1 9.2 ALTERNATIvE TRANSPORT MODES ........................................ 9-1 9.3 OTHER ROADs ........................................ 9-2 9.4 REHABILITATION OPTIONS ........................................ 9-2 9.5 Do NOTHING ........................................ 9-3 APPENDLX A: TERINIS OF REFERENCE APPENDIX B: PROJECT TEAM APPENDIX C: INDIVIDUAL CONSULTATIONS APPENDIX D: PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS APPENDIX E: ACCIDENT STATISTICS APPENDIX F: RESPONSE TO CONSULTEES COMMENTS APPENDIX G: REFERENCES Scott Wilson in Association wvith Ace v December 1999  Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibility Study Review and Detailed Engineering Desi[gn Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EIA (SCA) - Final Report LIST OF FIGURES Following page No. Figure 1 Location Plan S-i Figure 4.1 Project Study Area 1-1 Figure 4.2 Extract from QENP Management Plan 5-5 Scott Wilson in Association with Ace vi December 1999   Katunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Feasibilitv Study Review and Detailed Engineering Design Kasese-Kilembe Road Equator Road EtA (SCA) - Final Report SUiN'MARY Introduction The Ministry of Works Housing and Communications (MOWHC) of the Republic of Uganda is currently examining various rehabilitation options that would minimise the need for ongoing maintenance and increase the lifetime of the following sections of road in the western part of Uganda (Figure 1): * From Katunguru to Fort Portal via Kasese; * From Kasese to Kilembe; and * The Equator Road (between the Katunguru-Kasese Road and Bwera on the Congo border). In accordance with Ugandan legislation and conditions associated with the scheme's funding by the World Bank. an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is required. The study reported in this document considers the potential effects of the proposal on social, cultural and economic resources. In accordance with a request from the World Bank the social, effects on the physical and biological environment have been addressed in a separate report. Proposals The works will comprise on-line improvements focussed on: * reconstructing, strengthening and sealing of existing carriageways and shoulders; * localised widening of the carriageway within the current road reserve; * sealing of verges; * clearing of ditches; * replacement of three bridges. and * repair of existing, and construction of additional, drainage infrastructure. The rehabilitation is unlikely to increase the number of vehicle movements that would otherwise occur, since it is not changing the nature of the road but rather minimising the need for ongoing intensive maintenance. Construction is expected to extend over two-three years and employ 2-300 men. The works will be undertaken in three packages using a combination of manual labour and mechanised plant. Various sites have been identified for the sourcing of murrum and sand and for the disposal of spoil. Several work camps (probably three) will be required as well as storage areas along the project roads. The workcamps will include various workshops, maintenance and processing facilities including batching Scott Wilson in Association with Ace S-I December 1999  Kanunguru-Kasese-Fort Portal Road Kasese-Kilembe Road Eouator Road Feasibilirv Studv Review and Detailed B