China - Huai River Water Pollution Control Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 1 of 3) : Anhui component

E-380 VOL. 1 Consolidated Environment Assessment for the Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Anhui Component (Final) August 2000 Hefei Design Institute, Ministry of Coal Industry with assistance from Mott MacDonald/ERM EASUR AUG 2 4 2000 REEIE   I-luai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I INTRODUCTION ........... 1-1 1.1 Huai River Water Pollution Control Project (HRWPCP) Background ........................... ............ 1-1 1.2 Description of the Study Area .................................................. 1-7 1.3 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework ..................................... 1-20 1.4 Scope and Standards of Environmental Assessment ..................................... 1-22 1.5 The Need for the Project ..................................... 1-25 1.6 Assessment Objectives, Criteria, Parameters ..................................... 1-25 1.7 World Bank EA Preparation Requirements ..................................... 1-25 1.8 EA Participants ..................................... 1-26 1.9 EA Organisation ..................................... 1-27 2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT .. .................................. 2-1 2.1 Overview of Huai River ............................................ 2-1 2.2 HRWPCP Project Components ............................................ 2-1 2.3 Project Formulation and Development ............................................ 2-3 2.4 Details of Anhui Huai River HRWPCP Component Projects ......................... ................... 2-5 2.5 Cost Estimates for Proposed Projects .......................... 2-11 2.6 Implementation Schedule .......................... 2-13 3 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (PROVINCIAL OVERVIEW) .. 3-1 3.1 Physical Environment ..................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Biological Environment ..................................................................... 3-9 3.3 Socio-cultural Environment ..................................................................... 3-9 3.4 Areas of Special Designation ............... ............................. . ....................... 3-10 4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND PROBLEMS ............................................................. 4-1 4.1 Water and Environmental Institutional Arrangements . ............................................................... 4-1 4.2 Attainment of Goals, Standards, Regulations ..................................................................... 4-6 4.3 River Systems ..................................................................... 4-15 5 DETERMINATION OF THE POTENTIAL IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT .............. 5-1 5.1 Typical Impacts of Water Pollution Control Projects .............................................. 5-1 5.2 Positive Impacts of the Specific HRWPCP Components ...................... ........................ 5-4 5.3 Potential Short Term Construction Impacts .............................................. 5-13 5.4 Potential Operational Phase Impacts .............................................. 5-18 5.5 Potential Project Risks ..................... , , 5-29 5.6 Cumulative HRWPCP Impacts ..................... 5-31 6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT . ............................................. 6-1 6.1 Introduction ..................................................... 6-1 6.2 Alternatives Reviewed in Project Development ..................................................... 6-1 6.3 No Project Alternatives ..................................................... 6-8 7 MITIGATION AND MONITORING MANAGEMENT PLANS .................................................... 7-1 7.1 Mitigation and Monitoring of the Implementation of Mitigation .............................................. 7-1 7.2 Institutional Responsibilities .............................................. 7-7 7.3 Equipment and Training Requirements .............................................. 7-10 7.4 Impacts and Costs of Plan .............................................. 7-10 7.5 Long-term Monitoring of the Performance of HRWPCP .............................................. 7-11 7.6 Annual Environmental Quality Report ........................... , 7-13 8 PUBLIC PROCESS AND EA PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ............. .............................. 8-1 8.1 Meetings with Public Officials in Developing Project and EA ............................................. 8-1 8.2 Survey of Public Officials and Citizens in Project Area .........................................,................ 8-2 8.3 EA Publication and Review ................................................_....._. ................... 8-4 August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province 8.4 Summary of Public Input ........................... 8-5 9 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ............................ 9-1 9.1 General Conclusions ..................................... 9-1 9.2 Existing Environmental Conditions, Huai River Basin .......... ........................... 9-1 9.3 Positive Impacts ..................................... 9-1 9.4 Potential Negative Impacts and Mitigation ..................................... 9-3 9.5 Total Water Pollutants Removed ..................................... 9-6 9.6 Resettlement Plan ...................................... 9-9 9.7 Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan ..................................... 9-9 9.8 HDI Suggestions ..................................... 9-9 9.9 Conclusions and Recommendations ...................................... 9-10 List of Tables Table ES-4: Estimated COD Reductions for HRWPCP WwTWs . 12 Table ES-5: Estimated COD Reductions for HRWPCP and Bi-Lateral Projects in the Future . 12 Table 1.1: Polluted Water Type Categorization in Huai Basin . 1-3 Table 1.2: Pollution Trend in Huai River Basin . 1-4 Table 1.3: Changes in Pollution Loads in Henan and Anhui . 1-4 Table 1.4: Environmental Background Problems, China (1994) . 1-6 Table 1.5: Characteristics of Anhui Surface Waters, Huai River Basin . 1-11 Table 1.6: Anhui Project Cities, Receiving Waters of Wastewater Effluent . 1-12 Table 1.7: Distance from the Outfall of WwTW to Corresponding Section . 1-12 Table 1.8: Number of Current Septic Tanks in Anhui Province HRWPCP Cities . 1-19 Table 1.9: Population and Wastewater Projections;. . 1-20 Table 1.10: Summary of the HDI EA Classification . 1-23 Table I.1I1: EA Scope . 1-24 Table 1.12: EA Standards Summary . 1-24 Table 1.13: Applicability of World Bank Safeguard Policy Documents to this EA . 1-26 Table 1.14: Hefei Design Institute EA Staff . 1-27 Table 2.1: HRWPCP - Anhui Project Components . 2-1 Table 2.2: Overall Municipal WwTW Needs in Basin . 2-3 Table 2.3: World Bank Water Resources Management Principles and Issues . 2-4 Table 2.4: Summary of Proposed Anhui HRWPCP Components . 2-6 Table 2.5: Cost Estimates for HRWPCP Wastewater Schemes . 2-12 Table 2.6: HRWPCP Implementation Programme . 2-14 Table 3.1: Meteorological Summary, HRWPCP Project Cities . 3-4 Table 3.2: Hydrologic Parameters of HRWPCP Project Area . 3-6 Table 4.1: National Water and Environmental Laws Important to HRWPCP . 4-1 Table 4.2: Sections/Objectives of Total Discharge Amount Control Program for Rivers in Anhui . 4-3 Table 4.3: Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water GHZB-1 1999, issued 20 July 1999, effective 01 Jan 2000 ..4-4 Table 4.4: Standards of Specific Indices in Lakes and Reservoirs . 4-5 Table 4.5: Standards of Specific Indices in Class I, II and III Surface Waters . 4-5 Table 4.6: Industrial Wastewater Effluent Data . 4-10 Table 4.7: Industry Categories and Pollution Loads in Huai River Basin . 4-11 Table 4.8: Industries in Each Administrative District in Huai River Basin . 4-12 Table 4.9: Paper Industry and Pollution Loads in Huai River Basin . 4-13 Table 4.10: Major Brewing and Food Industries in Huai River Basin . 4-13 Table 4.1 1: EPB, Bozhou - Guo River Water Quality Monitoring . 4-15 Table 4.12: Huaibei River Hydrological Data . 4-16 Table 4.13: EPB, Huaibei - Sui River Water Quality Monitoring . 4-16 ii August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province Table 4.14: Guoyang - Water flow (m3/s) in Guo (zero flow due to closing of gates) .............................. 4-17 Table 4.15: EPB, Guoyang - Water Quality (mg/1) of Guo River ....................... ..................................... 4-17 Table 4.16: EPB, Suzhou - Water quality (mg/I) of the Huihe River, downstream of Qixian Sluice ....... 4-18 Table 4.17: EPB, Suzhou - Water quality (mg/I) of the Tuo River, lower reaches near Luling ................ 4-18 Table 4.18: EPB, Suzhou - Water quality (mg/I) ofthe Tuo River, upper reaches near Qilijing .............. 4-18 Table 4.19: EPB, Suzhou - Water quality (mg/I) of the Bian River, lower reaches near Sixian ............... 4-19 Table 4.20: Suzhou - Water quality (mg/l) of the Bian River, upper reaches near Qilijing ......... ............. 4-19 Table 4.21 EPB, Fuyang - Water Quality (mg/I) of Quan River, upstream ................ ............................. 4-19 Table 4.22: EPB, Fuyang - Water Quality (mg/I) of Ying River ............................................................... 4-20 Table 4.23 EPB, Bengbu, Water Quality Data, Huai River .................................................................... 4-20 Table 4.24: EPB, Huainan - Water Quality (mg/l) of the Huai River ......................... .............................. 4-22 Table 4.25: EPB, Lu'an - Water Quality (mg/I) of Old Pi River ............................................................... 4-23 Table 4.26: EPB, Lu'an - Water Quality (mg/I) of Pihe Main Canal ........................... ............................. 4-23 Table 4.27: Huai River Control Sections Monitoring ........................................................................ 4-24 Table 4.28: Water Quality Monitoring Data on Tributary Control Sections ............................. ............... 4-25 Table 5.1: Improved Water Resources by Component City ........................................................................ 5-5 Table 5.2: Sanitary Protection Distances ................................................. 5-6 Table 5.3: increased Tourism by Component City ............................................ .... 5-7 Table 5.4: Increased Real Estate Areas by Project Component .5-8 Table 5.5: DHV Assumed Project Load Reduction .5-8 Table 5.6: Other Assumptions in DHV MIKE 11 Model .5-9 Table 5.7: Water Quality Forecast of Luan Portion in Pi River ................................................................ 5-11 Table 5.8: Water Quality Forecast of Guoyang Portion in Guo River in Dry Period ................................ 5-11 Table 5.9: Water Quality Forecast of Guoyang Portion in Guo River ........................... ........................... 5-12 Table 5.10: Project Affected Land Sta:istics ..................................................................... 5-14 Table 5.11: HRWPCP Component RAP Summmary ..................................................................... 5-15 Table 5.12: Estimated Spoils Generation By Project Component ............................................................ 5-16 Table 5.13: HRWPCP WwTW Scheduling ..................................................................... 5-18 Table 5.14: Industrial Water Use And Wastewater Data In Guoyang ....................................................... 5-20 Table 5.15: Industrial Water Use And Wastewater Data In Luan . ............................................................ 5-21 Table 5.16: Ambient Noise Monitoring Data ..................................................................... 5-23 Table 5.17: Predicted Noise Levels At HRWPCP Sensitive Locations ......................... .......................... 5-24 Table 5.18: Estimated Noise Levels Adjacent To Proposed WwTW ....................... ................................ 5-24 Table 5.19: HDI Recommendations for Odour Protection ..................................................................... 5-25 Table 5.20: Theoretical Heavy Metal Accumulation ................................................. .................... 5-26 Table 5.21: Theoretical Time Limit for Applying Sludge to Farmland Based on Heavy Metals .............. 5-26 Table 7.1: Wastewater Sewerage and Pumping ....................... .............................................. 7-2 Table 7.2: Wastewater Treatment Works (WwTW) .................................. ................................... 7-2 Table 7.3: Sludge Management System ..................................................................... 7-3 Table 7.4: Construction Debris Disposal ..................................................................... 7-3 Table 7.5: Solid Waste, Septage, and Direct Discharge Sources ................................................................ 7-4 Table 7.6: Raw Sewage, Domestic and Industrial Sources to Sewer Systems ............................................ 7-4 Table 7.7: Raw Sewage Overflows, Various Locations ..................................................................... 7-5 Table 7.8: Wastewater Sewerage and Pumping ................ ..................................................... 7-5 Table 7.9: Wastewater Treatment Works (WwTW) .................................. ................................... 7-6 Table 7.10: Sludge Management System ..................................................................... 7-6 Table 7.11: Receiving Water Issues ..................................................................... 7-7 Table 7.12: Wastewater Reuse and Downstream Users .............................................................. ....... 7-7 Table 7.13: APMO Environmental Monitoring Costs ..................................................................... 7-11 Table 7.14: Minimum Monitoring Data in Annual Environmental Quality Report .................. ............... 7-14 Table 8.1: Form for Public Participation Survey ..................................................................... 8-3 Table 8.2: Statistics of Public Participation Survey . ..................................................................... 8-6 Table 8.3: Anhui EA - Public Consultation and Information Disclosure .................................................... 8-8 Table 9.1: Estimated COD Reductions for HRWPCP WwTWs ................................................................. 9-6 Table 9.2: Estimated COD Reductions for HRWPCP and Bi-Lateral Projects in the Future ......... ............ 9-7 iii August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Prolect Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province List of Figures Figure 1 .1 Location Plan Showing Project Provinces Figure 1.2 Anhui - Shandong Province Area Figure 1.3 Project Sub-componts and 1995 river Quality in Anhui Figure 1.4 Anhui Monitoring Sections Figure 2.1 Sewer Systems in Bozhou Figure 2.2 Bozhou Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.3 Sewer Systems in Huaibei Figure 2.4 Huaibei Wastewater Project - Schematic Figuer 2.5 Sewer Systems in Guoyang Figure 2.6 Guoyang Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.7 Sewer System in Suzhou Figure 2.8 Suzhou Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.9 Sewer Systems in Fuyang Figure 2.10 Fuyang Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.11 Sewer System in Bengbu FIigure 2.12 Bengbu Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.13 Sewer Systems in Huainan Figure 2.14 Huainan Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 2.15 Sewer System in Lu'an Figure 2.16 Lu'an Wastewater Project - Schematic Figure 4.1 Huai River Basin - Environmental Protection Organisations List of Plates Plate 1: Bengbu - Collapsed sewer downstream of chemical factory discharging pollution near Ba Li Gou stream Plate 2: Sewer to be laid along the bank of the Long Zi Lake (Bengbu sub-project). The river bank will be improved at the same time. Plate 3: Route of interceptor (Bengbu sub-project) and wall of the WwTW site currently under construction. Interceptor is located along road and does not impact permanently on any privately used land Plate 4: Bozhou - Urban watercourse receiving wastewater discharge from outfall in foreground Plate 5: Bozhou - Guo River at Bozhou showing fish farming Plate 6: Proposed site of Guoyang WwTW Plate 7: Huaibei - Open channel sewer to be replaced by piped sewer. Plate 8: Huaibei - Polluted stream near proposed Pumping Nr. 5 Plate 9: Huainan - Polluted stream to be intercepted Plate 10: Huainan - Polluted pond / stream Plate 11: Huainan - Sewer under construction Plate 12: Site of Lu'an WwTW, land affected is used for agricultural purposes and no houses will require relocation. Plate 13: Suzhou - Collecting washing water from polluted Ring Canal Plate 14: Suzhou - Abattoir Outfall to stream near proposed pump station Nr. 3. Outfall will be intercepted Plate 15: Outfall discharging to Ring Canal iv August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Anhui Province Currency Equivalents (Exchange Rate Effective October 1999) Currency Name: Renminbi Currency Unit: RMB RMB 8.3 US$1.00 US$0.12 =RMB 1.0 Abbreviations and Acronyms AC Advisory Consultant PAD Project Appraisal Document (WB) AIC Average Incremental Cost PAP Project Affected Person AP Action Plan for IDP PIP Project Implementation Plan ATP Ability to Pay PIU Project Implementation Unit (Municipal) BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand PMO Project Management Office (Provincial) COD Chemical Oxygen Demand PPP Project Procurement Plan CRAES China Research Academy for Environmental PRC People's Republic of China Sciences PS Pumping Station DHV Consult. BV/D&J Eng Consult. Co PV Present Value DO Dissolved Oxygen RAP Resettlement Action Plan DWF Dry Weather Flow (sewage) RMC Resident Mission in China DI Hefei Design Institute, Ministry of Coal Industry SDPC State Development and Planning Commission EA Environmental Assessment SEPA State Environmental Planning Agency EIRR Economic Internal Rate of Return SPG Shandong Provincial Govemment EMP Environmental Management Plan SS Suspended Solids EPB Environmental Protection Bureau ToR Terms of Reference ERM Environmental Resource Management TVE Town and Village Enterprises FIRR Financial Internal Rate of Return WB World Bank (International Bank for FSR Feasibility Study Report Reconstruction and Development) HRBC Huai River Basin Commission WPCP Water Pollution Control Plan for Huai River Basin HRWPCP Huai River Water Pollution Control Project WRB Water Resources Bureau IDP Institutional Development Plan WSC Water SupplyCompany IST Institutional Strengthening and Training WTP Willingness to Pay IWHR China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower WTW Water Treatment Works Research LG Leading Group WWE Water and Wastewater Enterprise hel/d Litres per capita per day WwTE Wastewater Treatment Enterprise LIBOR London Inter-bank Borrowing Rate WwTW Wastewater Treatment Works MLG Municipal Local Government 3H Study Hai, Huai and Huang River Action Program Study for Water Resources, Water Pollution Control, MWR/WB MoF State Ministry of Finance 1999 NCMEDI North China Mun Eng Design Institute OD Oxygen Demand NB: SI units of measurement have been used throughout this report August 2000   Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Environmental Assessment of the Huai River Water Pollution Control Project (HRWPCP), Anhui Province This report provides a summary of the Environmental Assessment Report - Main Report and Appendices, for the Anhui Province portion of the Huai River Water Pollution Control Project (HRWPCP). A separate Environmental Assessment Report covers the Shandong Province portion of the HRWPCP. The full reports cover the assessment of the environment impacts of the project components to be developed under the HRWPCP, Anhui Province. The Provincial EA for Anhui Province was conducted by the Hefei Design Institute (HDI), under the Ministry of Coal Industry, with the assistance of Mott MacDonald and ERM International. Huai River Basin The Huai River Basin lies across four provinces in the centre of China, covering an area of 270,000 km2 between the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers. The Basin is divided into two major systems: The Huai River System (190,000 km2) originating in the west and about 1,000 km long with 120 tributaries flows east-south through Hongze Lake and discharges into the Yangtze River. The Yi-Shu-Si River System (80,000 kmi2) originates in the north, flows south-west and discharges into the Yellow Sea. The Grand Canal in the east connects the Huai and Yi-Shu-Si systems as well as the Yangtze and Yellow rivers. The economic and environmental impacts of water pollution on the Huai River Basin area are widespread and acute. In 1994, severe water pollution caused temporary production stoppage at many factories and drinking water problems for many inhabitants in the Huai River Basin. The cause of the 1994 Huai River Pollution Incident was discharge of significant polluted wastewater from many straw pulp factories, paper mills, and tanneries in Henan Province and Anhui Province located the upstream portion of the Ying He River. These industries discharged a great quantity of polluted wastewater during the dry season when the River course operates with closed gates. Since 60-70 % of the annual river flow occurs during May-August time period, the gates maintain surface water levels but also store the incoming pollution. This stored polluted wastewater discharged during the flood season when the gates opened, resulting in significant downstream pollution. The pollution caused the power station to malfunction causing major impacts to the Hua Dong power network. Fishery resources were destroyed and an agricultural and industrial damage was widespread. Water supplies were all affected resulting in significant impacts on the people of the downstream cities. Direct economic damages were estimated at over one billion RMB. Consequently the State Council has authorised various actions to combat water pollution and prevent future pollution disasters in the Huai River Basin. The central government approved the "Ninth Five-Year Plan (1996-2000) of Water Pollution Control (WPCP) in June of 1996. The WPCP for the Huai River Basin defined the targets for the Basin as follows: S-1 August 2000  l-luai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province * By 1997, all the wastewater discharges from industrial pollution sources should meet standards for effluent and the total COD should be reduced from 1.5 million tons in 1993 to 0.89 million tons (0.207 million tons from Anhui Province.); * By 2000, the total COD should be reduced to 0.368 million tons (0.077 million tons from Anhui Province.); * By 2000, the Huai River mainstream, main tributaries, and rivers that are sources for urban water supplies, should reach the Class III of the National Surface Water Standard. (Anhui Province goal is Class III for Huai River mainstream only, Class IV for tributaries) As part of these efforts of the State Council and the four Huai basin provinces (i.e. Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong Provinces) to meet water pollution control targets, the Huai River Water Pollution Control Project (HRWPCP) is currently being prepared for Anhui and Shandong Provinces. At the request of PRC, the World Bank has listed the proposed project in the lending programme for WB fiscal year 2000/2001. Water pollution control in Henan and Jiangsu is being dealt with under a separate programme. Anhui Province Anhui Province extends over the centre of the Huai River Basin. The mainstream of the Huai River in the province reaches 420 km and the length of the tributaries is 1,580 km. River pollution is mainly organic, with sections in urban reaches being more polluted than rural reaches, and pollution in tributaries is more serious than in the mainstream reaches. Within this area, the Anhui Province is approximately 139,427 kmi2, of which 66,940 km2 is located within the Huai River Basin. The 1998 population of Anhui Province was 61.3 million, with 11.2 million in urban areas. The portion of Anhui Province population within the Huai River Basin was 34.7 million in total including 4.6 million in urban areas. HRWPCP Project Goals and Objectives In order to fully solve the pollution problems in Anhui province major pollution control works will need to be developed for most of the cities in the province. It is not possible to finance all necessary works in one step. It is therefore foreseen that further phases of the HRWPCP will continue over many years. In accordance with the national and World Bank (WB) policies and priorities, the Anhui Provincial Government (APG) has requested WB and bi-lateral donor support for the Huai River Water Pollution Control Project. The HRWPCP is also a key element of China's Agenda 21 programme. The sector-related goal for the project is: * Improve quality of water for the entire basin by providing environmental infrastructure operated in a sustainable manner S-2 August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province The HRWPCP objectives are to: 1. Upgrade water quality in the Huai River (Class III target) and its tributaries (Class IV target) within the two provinces. 2. Establish performing and efficient wastewater agencies. 3. Consolidate water quality monitoring system and procedures. To accomplish this goal and objectives, the outputs for each project component are: 1. Increase in municipal wastewater collection. 2. Increase in quantity of wastewater treatment. 3. Implementation of cost-recovery for wastewater operations. Regional Water Resources The Huai River mainstream flows through the centre of Anhui Province with major tributaries on both the north and south entering the River. It originates from Mt.Tongbo in Tongbo County, Henan Province. It flows through Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu from west to east and the mainstream covers 1000 km. Anhui is located in the middle of Huai River, and the total Anhui portion is 430 km from Honghekou in Funan down to Hongsantou in Mingguan. The elevation difference is 13m with a ratio of 0.03%. See Figure 1.3 for the locations of the Huai River mainstream and major tributaries in Anhui Province. The main tributaries of the Huai River in Anhui Province are the Sui, Ying, Guo, Kuai and Pi Rivers. The new Sui River covers about 290 km, and the drainage area is 2015 km2. Because the average yearly rainfall is 847.3 mm in this region and concentrated in wet season, the surface runoff is fairly non-existent except during the wet season. It is necessary to close the gate to retain water for irrigation. There are two check gates: Huangqiao Gate (4 km from Sui County) and Fuliji Gate on the new Sui River. Investigation indicates that the gates are closed about 90% of the year. The Ying River is the largest tributary of Huai River. It originates from Mt. Funiu in Henan Province and flows into the Huai River at Mohekou in Yingshang in Anhui Province. It covers 585 km and the drainage area is 41230 km2. On the Ying River there are 4 key water control projects for storing water. Ying River is the major surface water source of Fuyang. The Guo River originates from Wangfuzhai on the south bank of Huang River in Henan Province. It covers about 320 km and the drainage area is 11,000 km2. There are 6 large tributaries of Guo River in the upper reaches of north-west Guoyang. The length of the Guo River from Guoyang to Huainan (outlet to Huai River) is about 110 km. The Kuai River originates from east suburb of Shangqu in Henan Province. It is called the Dongsha River in Henan and the Kuai River at Wangji in Henan, on the Anhui boundary. The S-3 August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province total length of Kuai River is 265 km (including Dongsha River), and the drainage area is 4,580 km2. It flows from north-west to south-east through Suixi, Suzhou, Guzheng in Anhui and into the Huai River in Wuhe County. Its major functions are flood discharge, irrigation and shipping. The Pi River originates from Mt. Dabi and is a major tributary. It passes by the west boundary of Lu'an and flows to Zhengyangguan, on the mainstream of Huai River. The Pishihuan Irrigation Project, built in 1958, modified the natural flows of the river. In the wet, medium and dry periods of the year, the water flow is significantly decreased and the dry period has been extended. The Pi River is 253 km long and is used to irrigate an area of 6,000 kM2, in which an area of 4,920 km2 is upstream of Lu'an. Its major functions are flood discharge, receiving wastewater and supplying water for the mainstream of Huai River. Current WPCP Compliance Status In 1999, the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences (CRAES) selected 45 major stations to investigate the current water quality of the Huai River Basin. Data from national environmental water quality reports between 1986 to 1993, 1994 for the Huai mainstream, 1995 to 1996 for trans-boundary assessments and some incomplete data from 1997 and 1998 were used by CRAES to determine the existing water quality of the river basin. CRAES (1999) reported that of the 45 sections, only 4 reached their designated beneficial use classification. Need for the Project According to the draft "3H Basins Action Program Study for Water Resources, Water Pollution Control" prepared in November 1999 for the Ministry of Water Resources and the World Bank (known as the '3H Study since it covers the Hai, Huai, and Huang rivers), the Plan goals have not been met in the Huai River Basin. This report indicates that significant additional resources are required to meet the proposed Class IIIIV standards of the Basin Plan, and that rural sources such as uncontrolled township and village enterprises (TVEs) and non-point source pollution (mainly polluted agricultural and urban runoff) will remain a problem even after implementation of industrial controls and domestic wastewater treatment. Implementation of industrial and domestic wastewater treatment lags behind the proposed implementation schedule due to funding problems. The main pollutants are unionised ammonia, BOD, COD and bacteria levels, and the problems are especially acute in the dry seasons when background flows are reduced to zero or near zero levels. As such, the water quality problems in the Huai River Basin remain severe, the implementation of municipal WwTW has been slow, and the HRWPCP is targeted to support a major need. It is the national goal to have wastewater collection and secondary treatment facilities constructed in all cities within the Huai River Basin. Many of the cities in the basin have already been building wastewater collection and treatment facilities with international and bilateral assistance. The HRWPCP is designed to complement the overall basin objectives by supporting ongoing efforts in the major cities of the Anhui Province that have not been addressed by other projects. S-4 August 2000  Huai River Water Pollution Control Project Environmental Assessment Report Anhui Province EA Preparation Requirements The Environmental Assessment (EA) for this project was based on the following directives and guidance documents: * World Bank Operational Directives: Environmental Assessment (OP 4.01, BP 4.01, GP 4.01) Natural habitats (OP 4.04, BP 4.04, GP 4.04) - n/a Forestry (OP 4.36, GP 4.36) - n/a Pest Management (OP 4.09) - n/a Cultural Property (OPN 11.03) Indigenous Peoples (OD 4.20) - none in project areas Involuntary Resettlement (OD 4.30) Safety of Dams (OP 4.37, BP 4.37) - n/a Projects in International Waters (OP 7.50, BP 7.50, GP 7.50) - n/a Projects in Disputed Areas (OP 7.60, BP 7.60, GP 7.60)- n/a * World Bank Environmental Assessment Sourcebooks, Volumes 1-3, Technical Papers 139, 140, and 154. * World Bank Environmental Assessment Updates 1-21, to December 1997.