China - Second Fujian Highway Project (Vol. 5 of 9) : Zhangpu Huxi-Chiling Highway : Statement of Environmental Impact Assessment

E-254 World Bank Loan Project REVISED VOL. 9, . - J ij 3:0 ZHANGPU HUM-CHILING HIGHWAY The Other Highway Project Fujian Provincial Highway Project II Tongjiang-Sanya National Highway Trunk Line People's Republic of China Statement of Environmental Impact Assessment Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Communications April, 1999  World Bank Loan Project ZHANGPU HUXI-CHILING HIGHIWAY The Other Highway Project Fujian Provincial Highway Project II Tongjiang-Sanya National Highway Trunk Line People's Republic of China Statement of Environmental Impact Assessment SChNrQEC PILi: COPY it i N |Date t! lio FILE(Co(al P*UPIIor #) ,Gtl t Nc 5 G Q(ftBA*C Piec Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Communications April, 1999  Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Communications Director : Chen Guojing Chief Engineer : Xing Huichen Environment Protection Division Division Head : Ye Huihai Chief Engineer : Liu Shutao Project Team Leader : Shen Yi (EIA Profesional Competence Certificate, No. 2116, Communications); Project Team Member : Yan Xiaolin, Assisitant Research Fellow (EIA Profesional Competence Certificate, No. 0060 Beijing); Li Xiyun, Senior Engineer, (EIA Profesional Competence Certificate, No. 0907, Beijing); Wang Fang,Engineer (EIA Profesional Competence Certificate, No. 0098, Beijing); Final report compiled by Wang Fang  Foreword Zhangzhou-Zhaoan expressway is an important section within Fujian province of the national trunk road from Tongjiang, Heilongiang province, to Sanya, Hainan province. It is the Fujian Provincial Highway Project II with the World Bank loan. Construction of Zhangzhou-Zhaoan expressway will speed up completion of the coastal corridor construction. The Huxi-Chiling road is one of the Other Highway Project of the Project II. Huxi and Chiling located in the north-east' of Zhangpu county. Completion of the Huxi-Chiling road will attract the traffic from Guanxun, Changqiao and the others along the national road 324 to entering into the Zhaojiabao interchange, which will greatly enhance the capacity of the local road network and help strengthen cultural and eoonomic exchanges for the local area with the outside world to benefit the local area's economic development as well as the tourism resources of Huxi and Chiling. Entrusted by the project owner, the Research Institute of Highway (RIOH) of the Ministry of Communications (MOC) undertakes the environmental impact assessment for the attached project. In December, 1998, with the assistance from the Fujian Communications Department, the Fujian Communications Planning and Design Institute (FCPDI), and the Highway Bureau of Zhangpu County, the ELA working group from the RIOH conducted an on-site investigation of the area along the road, and collected materials relevant to the EIA work, on the base of which the Statement of the Environmental Impact Assessment for the Zhangpu Huxi-Chiling Road was accomplished. In March, 1999 the ELA working group had discussions with the environmental expert from the World Bank, with amendments made to the Statement of EIA done in February, 1999, based on the advice from the expert. We would like express our appreciation to all those who gave us support to make the EIA work success.  Content 1. General Introduction I 1I.1 Purpose of the EIA 1 1.2 Laws, regulations and documents as the basis of the EIA report I 1.3 Assessment scope and time horizon 2 1.4 Assessment method and emphasis 3 1.5 Enviromnental protection target 4 2. Engineering Brief S 2.1 Road alignment and control points 5 2.2 Traffic forecast 5 2.3 Construction scale and technical standards 5 2.4 Main engineering work amount 5 2.5 Estimation of investment, financing and economic assessment 6 2.6 Analysis of main environmental impact factors 7 3. Environmental Conditions and the Current Status Assessment 9 3.1 Natural geographical conditions 9 3.2 Statement of current status of societal environment 10 3.3 Investigation and assessment of current status of ecological environment 13 3.4 Current status assessment of acoustic environment and ambient air quality 14 4. Environmental Impact Forecast and Assessment 15 4.1 Statement of societal environmental impact 15 4.2 Ecological environmental impact assessment 16 4.3 Forecast and assessment of acoustic environment 17 4.4 Forecast and assessment of ambient air quality 22 5. Environmental Impact Prevention and Control Measures 28 5.1 Design period 28 5.2 Construction period 28 5.3 Operation period 30 6. Alternative Schemes and Comparisons 31 6.1 Brief introduction to the scheme 31 6.2 Cpmparison of the alternative route scheme 31 7. Environmental Monitoring and Management 33 7.1 Environmental monitoring 33 7.2 Environmental management organization 33 7.3 Action plan for environmental protection and management 35 7.4 Environmental protection measures cost estimation 36 2  8. Public Participation 37 9. Conclusions 38 3 3  1. General Introduction 1.1 Purpose of the EIA (1) By description, forecast and assessment of the social, economic, natural and ecological environmental impacts, both in terms of their scope and extent, arising from the proposed highway project in different stages of highway design, construction and operation, to provide the basis for optimized selection of the road alignment; (2) To set forth feasible preventive and protective measures so as to minimize the negative impacts caused by the highway project, in the stages of construction and operation of the highway, in terms of the pollution and local vegetation damages, and to provide recommendations for the environmental engineering design; (3) To provide supplement information and scientific basis for the environmental management and the development planning for the areas along the highway to promote sustainable development of social economic transport in harmony with the environment. 1.2 Laws, regulations and documents as the basis of the EIA report (1) "Law of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China"; (2) "Law of the People's Republic of China for the Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution"; (3) "Law of the People's Republic of China for the Prevention and Treatment of Air Pollution"; (4) "Law of the People's Republic of China for the Prevention and Treatment of Noise Pollution"; (5) "Law of Cultural Relics Protection of the People's Republic of China" (6) "Law of Water and Soil Retention of the People's Republic of China"; (7) "Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China"; (8) "Regulations Concerning with the Environmental Protection and Management of Capital Construction Project", State Council Ordinance No.253; (9) "Notice to Strengthen the Environmental Impact Assessment and Management of Construction Project Financed by Loan from International Financial Organizations" jointly issued by NEPA, State Planning Commission, the Ministry of Finance and People's Bank of China (1993) No.324; (10) Operational Directive (OD) 4.01 (1991) on Environmental Assessment, (World Bank); (11) Opertional Policies (OP) 4.01 (1999), Bank Procedures (BP) 4.01 (1999), Good Practices (GP) 4.01 (1999) on Environmental Assessment (World Babnk); (12) "Technical Guidelines for IEA", HJ/T2.1 - 2.3-93, HJ/T2.4-1995 and HJ/T- 19-1997, NEPA; (13) "Measures Concerning the Environmental Protection and Management for Communications Construction Project" issued by the Ministry of Communications; (14) "Specifications for Environmental Impact Assessment of Highway Construction Project" JTJO05-96;  (15) "Confirmation of the Standards to be used for Environmental Impact Assessment for Zhangzhou-Zhaoan Expressway" [1998] No. 032, issued by the Fujian, Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau; (16) "Engineering Feasibility Study Report for Zhangpu Huxi-Chiling Highway, the Other Highway Project of Fujian Provincial Highway Project II", made by Fujian Provincial Highway Planning and Design Institute, February, 1999. 1.3 Assessment scope and time horizon 1.3.1 Assessment scope The assessment scope of the project for edological, noise and air environment is within the area of 200 meters from both sides along the central line of the proposed road, based on the features of the environmental impact at the stages of construction and operation of the road and the features of the natural environment. The assessment scope of the social economic environment is only in the areas with direct impacts. 1.3.2 Assessment time horizon According to the time schedule of the engineering work and the traffic forecast, the time horizon for the assessment shall be as follows. Construction period: 1999 - 2001; and Operation period: 2001, 2005, 2010, 2016. 1.3.3 Assessment standard According to the document of "Confirmation of the Standards to be used for Environmental Impact Assessment for Zhangzhou-Zhaoan Expressway" [1998] No. 032, issued by the Fujian Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, and the requirement of the World Bank expert, the standards used in the assessment are as follows: (1) Standard for noise assessment The "Standard Noise Limit for Construction Site" (GB12523-90) shall be used for assessment for the construction period, as shown in Table 1-1; and the "Ambient Noise Standard for Urban Area" (GB3096-93) shall be used for the noise assessment for the operation period of the highway as follows: class IV standard for areas within a distance of 100 meters from the central line of the road, class II standard for the areas within a distance of 100 - 200 meters from the central line of the road, and Class I standard for schools and hospitals inas shown in Table 1-2. Table 1-1 Standard noise limit for construction site (GB12523-90) Construction stage Main sources of noise Noise limit ._____________ Daytime Nighttime Earth & stone work Bulldozer, excavator, loader, etc. 75 55 Piling Various piling machine 85 banned Structure work Concrete mixer, vibrator etc. 70 55 2  Table 1-2 Ambient noise standard (GB3096-93) LA.J: dB Classification Daytime Nighttime Class I 55 45 Class 11 60 50 Class IV 70 55 (2) Ambient air quality assessment standard Construction period: Class II standard in the "Ambient Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-96) for TSP, and the "Air Pollutani Cpmprehensive Emission Standard" (GB 1 6297-96) for bitumen smoke, as shown in Table 3; Operation period: the Class II standard as specified in the "Ambient Air Quality Standard" (GB3095-96) shall be used, as shown in Table 1-4. Table 1-3 "Air Pollutant Comprehensive Emission Standard" (GB16297-96) (Bitumen smoke) Production technology Pollutant Emission limit (mg/m3) Bitumen melting, mixin Smoke 80 - ISO Table 1-4 Ambient air quality standard mg/M3 Pollutant TSP NOx CO Concentration daily average 0.30 0.10 4.00 Limit one hour average 1.00 0.15 10.00 1.4 Assessment method and emphasis 1.4.1 Assessment method Road environment is characteristic of long route and large area with environmental sensitive spots in different road sections, analysis and forecast will be made on the basis of the current status investigation, so that to assess the possible impacts and to find out correspondent mitigation and prevention measures. Assessment of current status is based on survey and statistic analysis; with modeling and analogue methods for forecast and assessment of noise and ambient air impact; analogue method for environmental impact assessment for construction period; for the operation period, modeling forecast will be made to find out the areas with environmental quality to be up to the standard; survey and statistic analysis for social economic environment. 1.4.2 Assessment emphasis Based on the EIA analysis, the impacts on ecological environment, water and soil retention and the noise impact on local residents are to be the emphasis of the assessment. 1.4.3 Classification of the EIA In accordance with the classification of the EIA work as required by the World 3  Bank for road improvement project, this project is construction of a new road passing through such sensitive spots as resident area; therefore it is necessary to compile the EIA statement and the environmental action plan (EAP). In accordance with the classification of the EIA for special subject as specified in the "Technical Guidelines for EA", the EIA for the ecological environment should be Class III; the EIA for ambient air quality should be Class III; and the EIA for acoustic environment should be Class II. 1.5 Environmental protection target (1) The target of environment protection for the proposed road project includes the agricultural ecological system and to maintain a proper environment for people's daily life along both sides of the road. (2) The environmental protection targets in terms of noise and air environment are shown in Table 1-5. Investigations show that there is no school and hospital in the areas 200m from both sides of the road. Table 1-5 Environmental protection targets No. Name Location Distance Brief description of environment _________ m _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __(m ) l_ Xiayu kO+450 right 100 Existing road passes through village, 30 households 140 people, paddy 2 Huxi township kl+000 right 60 Resident houses beside road, over 78 residents, 20 households 3 Kuangcai k2+400 left 50 8 households, 40 people, paddy field around 4 Banyuan k2+800 right 40 12 households, 55 people, paddy & fruit tree around 5 Xiakang k3+650 right 50 12 households, 50 people, 6 Guotian k4+000 right 100 20 households, 80 pcople, 5 households & 20 people closer to road 4  2. Engineering Brief 2.1 Road alignment and main control points The Huxi-Chiling road starts from Huxi Xinyuan, northwards via the left side of Xiayu village, the left side of Huxi township government, to be connected with the existing road, which is to be straightened, to reach Kuangcai village (right side), then crosses over a small river to reach Banyuan village (left side), where once again connected with the existing road, which is to be straightened, and to turn left at the left side of Xiaken village, until passes through the left side of Tiancun village, afterwards, the road will goes on along the river and hillside, crossing over the small river once again, till the left side of Xiaoshanbao (k6+900), then the road will pass through Xiaoyakou (k8+000) turning left to be connected with San-Fu road at k22+780 and ends at Chiling Shewei. Total length of the road is 9.07km. The main control points are Xiayu village, Huxi township govermnent, Kuangcai village, Banyuan village, Xiaken village, Guotian village, and etc.. The Appendix Figure I is the layout of the Zhangpu Huxi-Chiling road; and the Appendix Figure 2 is the alignment scheme. 2.2 Traffic forecast T-he traffic forecast can be summarized in Table 2-1, based on the "Engineering Feasibility Study Report for Zhangzhou-Zhaoan Expressway Attached Project of Zhangpu Huxi-Chiling Road". Table 2-1 Summary of the traffic forecast Year 2000 2005 2010 2016 Traffic volume (medium vehiclelday) 2,535 3,307 4,512 6,260 Growth rate 6.87% 6.4 1% 5.61% 2.3 Construction scale and technical standards 2.3.1 Construction scale Based on the traffic forecast and the local economic development along the road area, as well as the natural and geographical conditions, the Huxi-Chiling road should be built in accordance with the Class II standard for the heavy hilly area as specified in the "Road Construction Technical Standard" (JTJOI-97) issued by the Ministry of Communications in 1997, with subgrade width of 8.5 m, carriageway width of 7.0 m, bitumen penetrated pavement, and with total length of 9.07 km. 2.3.2 Technical standard Table 2-2 shows the technical standard indicators adopted for the road project. 2.4 Main engineering work amount The main engineering work amount is shown in Table 2-3. 5  Table 2-2 Construction scale and the technical standard Indicator Class 11 road (Heavy hilly area) Dcsign specd (km/h) 40 Subgrade width (m) 8.5 Carriageway width (m) 7 General minimum radius of horizontal curve (i) 100 Ultimate minimum radius of horizontal curve (m) 60 Stopping sight distance (m) 40 Maximum longitudinal gradient (%/o) 7 Design flood frequency for medium bridge 1/100 (year) Design flood frequency for subgrade, small bridge & culvert I/50 (year) Design loading capacity for bridge Vehicle - 20, trailer - 100 Table 2-3 Man engineering work amount No. Item Unit Quantity I Length km 9.07 2 Subgrade earth & stone work 336,500 of which: earth work M3 286,025 stone work 50,475 3 Subgrade drainage and protection m3 5,358 4 Bitumen penetrated pavement m 2 62,510 5 Culvert No. 36 6 Medium bridge m /No. 140 / 2 7 Grade intersection No. 2 8 Land acquisition mu 272.1 9 Resettlement house m2 840 2.5 Estimation of investment, financing and economic assessment 2.5.1 Investment estimation Total cost for the Huxi-Chiling road is estimated at CNY 20.5113 million (n'f which CNY 13.9332 million are construction and installation costs), with per kilometer cost of CNY 2.2614 million. The total engineering work need 116,172 worker day, steel materials (including steel bar, strand, etc.) 224 ton, raw wood 38 m3, sawn lumber 62 m3, cement 3,444 ton, bitumen 421 ton, sand and sandy gravel 7,752m3, chip stone 7,235m3, crushed stone 25,437m3, block stone 1,995m3. 2.5.2 Financing Total investment for the Project shall be CNY 20.5113 million. Multiple channel financing of the provincial, municipal and local government investment, and application for the World Bank loan shall be adopted for the road project as follows. (1) Application for the World Bank loan: CNY 4.10 million, accounting for 20% of the total investment; (2) Investment by the provincial, municipal and local government: CNY 16.4113 6  million, accounting for 80% of the total investment. 2.5.3 Economic assessment The results of cost benefit analysis for the project show that the economic benefit cost ratio is 2.92 (with given discount rate of 12%); with economic net present value of CNY 33.4422 million; economic internal return rate of 32.53%, and the pay back period of 6.95 years for the investment, which is good for the construction project. The sensitive analysis shows that when the cost increases by 20%, meanwhile the benefit/cost ratio decreases by 20%, the economic benefit cost ratio is 1.98, with economic net present value of CNY 19.9455 million; economic internal return rate of 23.43%, and the pay back period of 9.50 years for the investment; therefore the road project will still have strong anti-risk capability. 2.6 Analysis of main environmental impact factors It is obvious that construction of the road project will improve the local road transport conditions and will have positive impact on local economic development. However during the construction and operation period of the bridge, there may be negative impacts on the environment. Table 2-4 shows the summary of the impact factors should be considered for the bridge project. Table 2-4 Environmental factors identified for the road project No. Factors considered to cause environmental impact Possible negative impact A. Design period ____ - I |Change of current hydrological condition May reduce flood control and irrigation capacity 2 |Resettlement (Huxi, Kuanglin, Xiakang, Guotian) People's living standard Change of land use value (dry, fruits & hilly land) May reduce the economic benefit of the land use 4 Change of the ecological system Loss of cover plant and wildlife resources _ IChange of the landforms Damage to landscape B. Construction period I Soil erosion caused by cutting and filling work Impact on land and water ecological system 2 Accidents in the construction period Impact on people's health and safety 3 Sewage from labour camp Impact on water quality 4 Construction material transport and mixing plant Air pollution by flying dust, bitumen smoke 5 Noise and vibration Impact on workers' and residents' health 6 Interference with local traffic Traffic congestion and traffic accident 7 Earth borrowing and spoil disposal sites Impact on soil erosion and land use C. Operation period I Noise from road traffic Impact on public health 2 Emissions from road traffic Impact on public health 3 Continuous soil erosion Impact on ecological system 4 Traffic and vehicle speed growth More risk of traffic accident The possible impacts caused by the bridge project are mainly as the following. 7  (1) In the design period, the main possible negative impact caused by the bridge project is the inconsistency of the project with the local land use planning; (2) In the construction period, the possible negative impacts are mainly caused by the construction engineering activities, on the area's natural environment, ecological environment, such as change of landforms, occupation of farm land and wood land, change of natural river system and irrigation system, and water quality deterioration; and the impact on societal environment is mainly caused by land acquisition and resettlement. (3) Based on the past experience and features of the road project, the main environmental impact in the operation period of the road will be the noise and air pollution caused by the road traffic. 8  3. Environmental Conditions and the Current Status Assessment 3.1 Natural geographical conditions 3.1.1 Geographical location Zhangpu county located in the south-east coastal area of Fujian province, at 23044' - 24021 'N, 11 7035' - 11 8