India - Kayamkulam Combined Cycle Power Plant Project : environmental impact assessment (Vol. 2 of 3)

KAYAMKULAM CCPP (400 MW) E-153 VOL. 2 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT VOLUME I MARCH 1996 NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LTD NEW DELHI  KAYAMKULAM CCPP (400 MW) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT VOLUME I MAARCJH 1996 NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION LTD NEW DELHI  CONTENTS  CON FENTS VOLUME I 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1.2.1 SITE AND SURROUNDING 1.2.2 POWER PLANT COMPUNENTS 1.2.2.1 LAND 1.2.2.2 RISK POTENTIAL DUE T-O MAXIMUM STORM EVENTS 1.2.2.3 TRANSMISSION LINES 1.2.2.4 FUEL 1.2.2.5 FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM 1.2.2.6 MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS 1.2.2.7 WATER 1.2.2.8 MANPOWER REQUIREMENT 1.2.2.9 LABOUR WELFARE MODELS 1.2.3 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS: 1.2.3.1 AIR POLLUTION CONT-ROL 1.2.3.2 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL 1.2.3.3 SANITARY SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL 1.3 REHABILITATION 1.3.1 EARLIER SOCIO-ECONDMIC SURVEY 1.3.2 COMPLEMENTARY SURVEY 1.3.3 FINDINGS OF THE COMPLEMENTARY SURVEY OF AFFECTED POPULATION IN LAND ALREADY ACQUIRED 1.3.4 ADDITIONAL LAND ACQUISITION 1.3.5 FINDINGS OF THE COMPLEMENTARY SURVEY OF AFFECTED POPULATION IN THE LAND YET -ro BE ACQUIRED  1.3.6 REHABILITATION ACTION PLAN 1.3.7 PUBLIC AWARNESS ON THE PROPOSED PROJECT 1.3.8 SECTION 29 NOTIFICATION 1.3.9 PUBLIC INFORMATION CENTRE 1.3.10 ORGANISAI'ION AND STAFFING 1.3.11 PUBLIC CONSULTATION 1.3.12 MONIl'ORING & EVALUAl'ION 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 EXT'ERNAL APPEARANCE 2.2 LAND DEVELOPMENT AND SITE PREPARATION 2.3 DREDGING OF KAYAL 2.3.1 DREDGING TECHNIQUE 2.3.2 IMPACT OF DREDGING 2.3.3 SCIENTIFIC STUDIES RELATED TO DREDGING 2.3.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT DURING DREDGING 2.4 PLANT FORMATION LEVEL 2.5 LAND UNDER COASTAL REGULATION ZONE 2.6 LABOUR COLONY 2.7 SERVICE TOWNSHIP 2.8 PERMANENT TOWNSHIP 2.9 FUEL 2.9.1.0 LIQUID F'UEL 2.9.1.1 FUEL TRANSPORTATION AND RISK ASSESSMENT 2  2.9.1.2 RISK ANALYSIS 2.9.1.3 NAPHTHA STORAGE 2.9.2 NATURAL GAS 2.9.3 FUEL CHARACTERISTICS 2.10 HEAT DISSIPATION SYSTEM 2.11 PLANT WATER REQUIREMENT 2.11.1 DESILTING BASIN 2.11.2 CONDENSER AND AUXILIARY COOLING 2.11.3 DEMINERALISED WATER 2.11.4 POTABLE WATER 2.11.5 MISCELLANEOUS USE 2.12 LIQUID WASrE 2.12.1 COULING WATER 2.12.2 DEMINERSLILATION PLANT REGENERATION WASTE 2.12.3 TREATMENT PLANT WASTE 2.12.4 SANITARY EFFLUENTS 2.12.5 MISCELLANEOUS WASTE 2.13 WASTE WATER iREATMENT FACILITIES 2.14 STACK EMISSIONS 2.15 FUGITIVE EMISSIONS 2.16 INSTITUTIONAL NEEDS 3  3.0 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS 3.1 LAND USE 3.1.1 CROPPING INTENSITY 3.1.2 IRRIGATED AND NON IRRIGATED LAND 3.2 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS 3.2.1 COMPLEMEN1ARY SURVEY 3.2.2 FAMILY SIZE AND AGE-SEX RATIOS 3.2.3 MIGRATION PATTERN 3.2.4 ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITIES AND INCOME GENERATION 3.2.5 HOUSING 3.2.6 INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES 3.3 HYDROLOGY 3.3.1 SURFACE WATER HYDROLOGY 3.3.2 FRESH WATER POTENTIAL 3.3.3 HYDROGEOLOGY AROUND THE PROJECT AREA 3.3.4 GROUND WATER POTENTIAL 3.4 WATER QUALITY 3.4.1 METHODOLOGY OF BASELINE SURVEY 3.4.2 RESULTS AND OBSERVATIONS 3.4.2.1 SEA WATER 3.4.2.2 BACKWATER QUALITY (KAYAMKULAM KAYAL) 3.4.2.3 FRESH WATER QUALITY 3.4.2.4 GROUNDWATER QUALITY 3.5 SEDIMENTS 4  3.6 SOIL 3.6.1 CLASSIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF SOILS 3.6.2 CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL AROUND lHE PLANT SITE 3.7 METEOROLOGY 3.7.1 INTERPRETATION OF PASl DATA 3-7.2 METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATION Ar SITE 3.8 AIR QUALITY 3.8.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE 3.8.2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 3.9 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 3.9.1 FLORA: 3.9.1.1 VEGETATION PATTERN 3.9.1.2 EXTENSION OF CULTIVABLE AREA 3.9.1.3 AGRICULTURE AND AGRONOMY 3.9.2 FAUNA 3.10 AQUATIC ECOLOGY 3.10.1 BIULOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF KAYAL: 3.10.1.1 BENTHIC FAUNA 3.10.1.2 FISH FAUNA 3.10.2 AQUATIC ECOLOGY OF ACHANKOVIL RIVER 3.10.3 ADJOINING MARINE AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM: 3.10.3.1 PLANKTON AND PRODUCTIVITY 3.10.3.2 FISHERIES AND FlSH LANDINGS 3.10.3.3 MUD BANKS 5  3.11 NOISE 3.11.1 BASELINE NOISE STUDY 3.11.2 BASELINE NOISE LEVELS 4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT 4.1 CONSTRUCTION IMPACT 4.1.1 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS: 4.1.1.1 POPULATION EXPECTATION 4.1.2 SOIL 4.1.3 LAND USE 4.1.4 AIR QUALIlY 4.1.5 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGY 4.1.6 AQUATIC ECOLOGY 4.1.7 NOISE 4.2 OPERATION IMPACT 4.2.1 DEMOGRAPHY AND SOCIO-ECONOMICS 4.2.2 SOIL 4.2.3 LAND USE 4.2.4 WATER USE 4.2.5 WATER QUALITY 4.2.5.1 IMPACT DUE TO PLANT WASrE WATER 4.2.5.2 IMPACT DUE TO DOMESTIC WASTE WATER 4.2.6 AIR QUALITY 4.2.7 TERRESrRIAL ECOLOGY 4.2.8 AQUATIC ECOLOGY 4.2.9 NOISE 4.2.10 IMPACT OF DREDGING ON AQUATIC LIFE OF KAYAL 6  4.3 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES: 4.3.1 SITE SELECi-1ON 4.3.2 SITE AL'FERNAlIVES 4.3.3 JUSTIFICATION FOR PROJECT 4.3.3.1 DEMAND SUPPLY SCENERIO 4.3.3.2 LOCATION OF PROJECT 4.3.4 LEASf COST OPTIONS 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MITrIGATION PLAN A) SUMMARY OF ANTICIPATED ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION B) DESCRIPT'ION AND TECHNICAL DETAILS OF MITIGAT1ON MEASURES 5.1 DURING CONSTRUCTION 5.2 DURING OPERATION 5.2.1 PROPOSED POLLUTION CONlROL SYSTEM 5.2.1.1 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM 5.2.1.2 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM 5.2.2 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN 5.2.3 AFFORESTATION 5.3 INSTITUTIUNAL ARRANGEMENTS 5.3.1 ORGANISATION AT SITE 5.4 MONITORING AND REPORlING PROCEDURE 5.4.1 AIR QUALIIY 5.4.2 WATER QUALITY 5.4.3 ECOLOGY 5.5 COST ESTIMATE 7  5.6 IMPLEMENfATION SCHEDULE 6.0 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY AND EMERGENCY PLAN 6.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 6.1.1 CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION 6.1.2 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE 6.2 SAFETY AND EMERGENCY PLAN 6.3 SAFETY ORGANISATION 6.3.1 CONSTRUCTION & ERECTION PHASE 6.3.2 OPERATION & MAINTENANCE PHASE 6.4 SAFETY CIRCLE 6.5 SAFETY TRAINING