China - Second Shaanxi Provincial Highway Project - environmental assessment (Vol. 4 of 17) : Environmental impact statement of the Weinan-Tongguan Expressway

SHAANXI H IGHWAY PROJECT (2),X. ; . ;-.-;;:- _~EVROMNA IS* ..MPACT . .. . STATEMEN OF .-.I. ..T.O..G.A. * ,- .;EX,'PR.E;S.,S.WA-YZ SHAANXI~~~ ~ PRVNCA INSTITUTE O .... ENVIRONMENTAL. PRTCTO SCI. MAY 1995 XIAN China~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~  SHAANXI HIGHWAY PROJECT (2) ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF WEINAN-TONGGUAN EXPRESSWAY SHAANXI PROVINCIAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SCI. MAY 1995 XIAN China  ENVRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT OF WEINAN-TONGGUAN EXPRESSWAY Certifcate No.0947 (grade-A) issued by NEPB Director Yu Zhengping Supervisior Tang Tiandou Project Chief Wang Xinsheng Participants Wang Xinsheng, Lin guofu, Zhao Jianqi, Qin yan, Ding Qiang Environmental Monitoring Shaanxi Provincial Station f o r Environmental Monitoring  COUNTS 1 THE GENERAL ........................................... 1 1.1 Background and Objectives of The Report........... 1 1.1.1 Background ........................... .... 7 1.1.2 Objectives. ...... .gee e eceece. 1 1.2.3 Necessity ........................ 1.2 Bases of 81A ..o................ ... ;2 1.3 Alignment and standards ........................... 3 1.3.1 Alignment ................... ........ .** 3 1.3.2 Validity of EIA ........... * . 3 1.3.3 Standards of EIA. .... g........ .. e * g 3 1.4 Objectives of Environmental Protection, Assessment Contents and Key Points ..............g.. 5 1.4.1 Objectives .e. e...e...........g..... 5 1.4.2 Contents of EIA ........ . ....g. . 5 1.4.3 Key Points of EIA .... ...... ...... , 5 1.4.4 Brief of Shaanxi Provincial Inst. of Environ. Protection Sci.(SPIES) .....P............. .. ... 5 1.5 Methods of EXA .................................. .. 5 1.5.1 Assessment Method for Soil Pollution ........ . 5 2 SUMMARY OF THE PROJECT ............................. 7 2.1 Direction and Location ............................ 7 2.2 Construction Scale ......................e. 7 2.3 Technical Standards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...... . .20 2.4 Major Technical Indicators . .................. 10 2.5 Engineering Quantity . .12. 2.6 Land requisition and resettlement ................ 11 2.7 Schedule and Investment .................... . ...... 12 2.8 Recognition and Selection of EIA Factors . . 12 3. SOCIAL AND NATURAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE ALIGNMENT ...... 14 3.1 Natural Conditions .... 14 3 .1L.1 Climate .............................. 14 3.1.2 Geology and Topography......................... 14 3.1.3 Earthquake ...... .... .................. is.1 3.1.4 HydrologyJr ...g...... ..g.... ......... o. eg15 3.2 Eco-environment .................................... 16 3.2.1 Vegetation.. g............... e.... e.16 3.2.2 .Animals.................... ...... o ........ 16 3.3 Social Conditions.............. . ... .. ...... .6 3.3.1 Regional Economic Conditions ........... 16 3.3.2 Developing Trends of Regional Economy ...... -19 1  3.3.3 Distribution of The Villages nearby..........29 4 SURVEY AND ASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT ENVIRONMENT ....... 22 4.1 Acoustic Monitoring And Ausessment ................ 22 4.1,1 .Acoustic Monitoring......................... .22 4.1.2 Assessment of Ambient Noise Background Levels ......... . .. .- .* ..5...23 4.2 Assessment And Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality ............................. ................... 23 4.2.1 Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality ............ 23 4.2.2 Monitoring Results of Air Quality.4........... 24 4.2.3 Assessment of Ambient Air Quality ........,27 4.3 Agro-environmental Assessment .....................27 4.3.1 Survey And Assessment of Soil Background Levels .......... * ... 27 4.3.2 Survey and Assessment of Grains and vegetabl,.es .............. .............. 28 4.4 Monitoring And Assessment of Surface Water Quality .......*........... 30 4.4.1 Monitoring of Surface Water Quality . .30 4.4.2 Assessment of Surface Water Quality..0.0.... 30 5 ENVIRONMEN2TAL IMACT ASSESSMENT. AND PREDICTION........ 32 5.1 Prediction And Assessment of Traffic Noise Levels ....... .,*9 , * 4550.32 5.1.1 Prediction Model of Traffic Noise ............ 32 5.1.2 Determination of Parameters of Prediction Model . .. . .* * * ....36 5.1.3 Prediction of Constructing Noise ............. 39 5.1.4 Prediction of Traffic Noise ................... 40 5.1.5 Environmental Impact Assessment of Traffic Noise . ........... .. . .... .*44 5.2 Prediction and Assessment of Air Quality .....48 5.2.1 Meteorological Features . .................;48 5.2.2 Selection of Prediction Model .... 51 5.2.3 Calculation of Source Intensity.... ...... 57 5.2.4 Prediction Results .. 61 5.2.5 Environmental Impact Assessment .. 62 .5.3 Influence Analysis on Natural Eco-environment.....67 2  5.3.1 Prediction And Assessment of head Pollution in Soil ........ ..... . . 67 5.3.2 Influence of Traffic on Grains and Vegetables ..9.... ,*99 69 5.3.3 Impact caused by Borrowing soil ..............71 5.3.4 Prediction of Soil Erosion ................,72 5.3.5 Influence of Poor Geological Conditions And landslides .............. 974 5.4 Influence of Traffic on Culture Relics and Tourist Environment .................. 75 5.4.1 Impact on Historical sites ................... 75 5.5 Prediction And Assessment of Influence on Surface Water Quality greatly ....................77 5.5.1 Influence of The Constructing on River Runoff ..................... 9999 ...... * 77 5.5.2 Assessment of Influence on Surface Water.....77 5.5.3 Risk Analysis of Traffic Accidents on The Water Pollution .......... .. #0-9 0 .... . o80 5.5.4 Influence of Effluent Sewage from Constructinq Sites and Service Facility ......80 5.5.5 Influence of Bridges on Streams ..............80 6 ANALYSIS OF THr ALTERNATIV'ES ..81 6.1 Direction of The hivhway 81 6.2 Comparison And Selection of The Alternatives .. 81 6.2.1 Weinan-Diaogiao section ...................... 81 6.2.2 Diaoqiao-the Boundary ........................ 83 7 COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF ENIROMENT AND ECONOMYr .. 85 7.1 Analysis of Economic Benefit ..................... 85 7.1.1 Econamic Benefit ....85 7.1.2 National Economic Assessment of Tkhe Regional .................85 7.1.3 Financial Evaluation of Project . .85 7.2 Analysis of Environment Benefit ....*.... ... ... 86 7.2.1 Traffic Noise ,....86 7.2.2 Air Pollution .... . 87 3  7.2.3 Save Land........ .......... .... .... .87 7.3 Analysis of Social Benefit ......................87 8 RISK ANALYSIS ......................... ,0*. * ..... e..88 8.1 Factors of Risk ................................. 88 8.2 Measures of Traffic Accident Control ............ 88 9 THE PUBLXC PARTICIPATION . .......... ......... 89 9.1 Investigation of The public Opinions ............ 89 9.1.1 Methods And Aims .................... ..... 89 9.1.2 Participants ............................cC. 89 9.1.3 Contents of Investigation ................. 89 9.2 Investigation Results ........................... 89 9.2.1 Statistic Analysis .................... . 89 9.2.2 Opinions of The Public .................... 89 10 PLANING OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND POLLUTION CONTROL ................... ,.. .. -92 10.1 Targets of the Planing........... 10.2 Basis of Environmental Management............92 10.3 Management Institution of Environmental protection ................ .. . .92 10.4 Environment Training ... ................ . 93 10.5 Mitigation Actions .......... . ........ 94 10.6 Measures and Proposals of Environmental Protection ...C. ................ C ... 98 10.6.1 Measures of Environmental Protection During Construction Period ................ 98 10.6.2 Mitigative Measures During Operational Phase ....... ...... *..o.... 100 10.6.3 Countermeasures and proposals .. ........ 101 10.6.4 Monitoring Plan........... .............. 101 10.6.5 Budget For Environmental Monitoring....109 10.6.6 Cost of Environmental Engineering..... .109 11 CONCLUSIONS ............... , 110 11.1 Ambient Environment Quality ................ 10 11.2 Prediction of Environment Quality.. .......... .110 Attached Map 1 Attached Map 2 Attached Map 3 4  1 THE GENERAL 1.2 Background and Objectives of The Report 1.1.1 Background Weinan-Tongguan expressway is an essential segment of the National highway No. 310 and a key section of "*"shaped highway framework in Shaanxi. It will connect Weinan, Xi'an, Tongguan and Henan in the east and west respectively. The project is assigned by Transportation Ministry in document No. 172 in 1989. Based on the document, the highway will be finished by end of the ninety "five-year" plan. Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Environmental Protection Science was entrusted by STD to compile the report 1. 1.2 objectives The proposed Weinan-Tongguan expressway is a trunk way through the eastern Guanzhong plain . Some adverse influence to the environment will arise. Aims of the report are to survey natural and social environment quality, monitor background levels of air, noise, soil and grains. We will also predict influence of the project on environment in the proposed area, and offer some proposals to control it. So as to mitigate the influence to an allowable level. 7.1.3 Necessity (l)Weinan district is one of the most developed areas in Shaanxi. agriculture, energy and rare metal mining of the district take precedence of the province. It will be bases of agriculture and heavy chemicals in the future. So, improvement of traffic and transportation conditions is very important for promoting the area economy. (2) The present highway from Weinan to Tongguan is basically grade 3. Some sections are inferior to the grade. Narrow pavement, overloaded bridges, heavy and tangled traffic make traffic accidents frequently and autos run at lower speed. Which have restricted development of the regional economy. Therefor it is required to better the poor traffic conditions. (3) Weinan-Tongguan expressway, a section of tianyungang- Hecheng national trunk highway, is an important part of 1  "^"shaped highway framework in Shaanxi. With development of economy, the traffic volume will be increased greatly. Therefor, complement of the highway will open the district and the province to outside . (4) There are abundant tourist resources in the east Guanzhong. Huaqin pool, Li mountain, Qin Tomb, Warriors and Horses Figures, Hua mountain, ancient architecture group in Hancheng, and so on, which have formed eastern triangle touring area. Xi'an-Lintong expressway has been finished. After this project, travel time from Xi'an to Tongguan will be reduced to a half. All these will benefit the eastern tourism greatly. (5) Weinan, Yuncheng in Shanxi and Sanmenxia in Henan have formed so-called "gold trianglel"area. The area are featured with abundant resources and good location. Governors of the three districts have planed to constructed the area as an economic development centra. From this point, the highway will play a key role in intensifying links among the three districts. 1.2 Bases of EIA --Document No. 140 issued by Transportation Ministry in 1989 : "reply for some problems in preparing period of Xi'an-Lanzhou highway" . Document No.172 issued by Transportation ministry in 1989. ---Document No. 032 issued by Shaanxi Planing Commission & STD in 1989 :"notification of preparing reconstruction of Tongguan-Baoji section of the national way No. 310 ". And a announcement from STD about attending to prepare the key construction projects of the eighth "five-year" plan. ---Document No. 003 issued by National Environmental Protection Commission, National Planing Commission and National Economic Commission " Regulations for Environmental Management of Construction Projects"' . Document No.186 issued by Government of Shaanxi Province in 1986 "environmental management details ". ---" Regulations of Water and Soil Conservation Work" issued by the State Council in 1982 2  ---" Law of the P. R. of China on Protection of Cultural Relics " 1982 . Management Regulations for Cultural Relics of Shaanxi Province" 1982 . --- NEPA, "Document Corpus of Environmental Protection for Projects Loaned by International Financial Organizations" Book 1,2,3,4. 1992. --- STD, Entrusting letter of compiling EIA report , July, 6 , 1992 . --- Shaanxi Provincial Tnstitute of Environmental Protection Science " Outline of EXA for Weinan-Tongguan Project" , Dec. 1993. 2.3 Alignment and standards 1.3.1 Alignment Based on pollutant diffusion, noise attenuation with distance and other factors, Noise alignment is lOOm of both sides . Alignment of air and ecological environment is 200 m. 1.3.2 Validity of EZA According to EIA outline, the validity is by end of 2018. 1.3.3 Standards of EXA Based on the outline , following standards are adopted: (1) Noise The noise impact on towns and villages, where within 100 meters away from the highway, was assessed against the 4th class standard; and the noise effect to hospitals and schools was evaluated against the 2nd class standard under "Standard of Environment Noise of Urban Area"(GB3096-93). Refer to Table 1-1. Table 1-1 Noise Standards (dB) ------------------------------------------------------------- classification daytime LAeq night LAeq ------------------------_--------------_--_--------______---- 0 50 40 1 55 45 2 60 50 3 65 55 4 70 55 ------------------------------------------------------------ (2) For NOx, CO , T.S.P.r GB3095-82: "Atmospheric Environmental Quality Standards" are adopted . For lead , 3  G87355-87:" Hygiene Standards of Lead in Air and Inorganic Compounds " are adopted . Details see table 1-2. Table 1-2 Atmospheric Zuavironmental Quality Standards ------------------------------------------------------------- pollutants values (mg/Nm3) Standard No. ______