China - Liaoning Medium Cities Infrastructure Project : environmental assessment (Vol. 1 of 20) : Environmental assessment - urban transport component

Page 1 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 1 March, 2006 WORLD BANK FINANCED LIAONING MEDIUM CITY INFRASTRUCURE IMPROVEMENT PROJECT PHASE I URBAN TRANSPORT COMPONENT ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences March 2006 E1323 v 1 Page 2 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 2 March, 2006 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................11 1.1 P ROJECT B ACKGROUND .........................................................................................................11 1.2 EA O BJECTIVES .....................................................................................................................13 1.3 A PPLICABLE R EGULATIONS AND B ASIS ..................................................................................13 1.4 F UNCTION Z ONING .................................................................................................................14 1.5 E NVIRONMENTAL A SSESSMENT S TANDARDS .........................................................................15 1.6 P RIMARY E NVIRONMENTAL P ROTECTION T ARGET .................................................................17 1.7 S COPE OF A SSESSMENT AND P OLLUTION P ARAMETERS .........................................................18 1.8 A SSESSMENT Y EARS ..............................................................................................................19 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ANALYSIS .................................................................................................................................20 2.1 B ENXI .....................................................................................................................................20 2.1.1 Project Contents ............................................................................................................20 2.1.2 Engineering Analysis.....................................................................................................24 2.2 F USHUN ..................................................................................................................................26 2.2.1 Project Contents ............................................................................................................26 2.2.2 Engineering Analysis.....................................................................................................29 2.3 L IAOYANG ..............................................................................................................................32 2.3.1 Project Contents ............................................................................................................32 2.3.2 Engineering Analysis.....................................................................................................35 2.4 P ANJIN ....................................................................................................................................38 2.4.1 P ROJECT C ONTENTS ...........................................................................................................38 2.4.2 E NGINEERING A NALYSIS ....................................................................................................40 2.5 J INZHOU .................................................................................................................................43 2.5.1 P ROJECT C ONTENTS ...........................................................................................................43 2.5.2 E NGINEERING A NALYSIS ....................................................................................................45 2.6 D ENGTA .................................................................................................................................48 2.7 M AJOR P OLLUTANTS ..............................................................................................................49 3 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE ...................................................................53 3.1 G ENERAL S ETTING .................................................................................................................53 3.1.1 Project Location ............................................................................................................53 3.1.2 Climate...........................................................................................................................53 3.1.3 River and Hydrogeology................................................................................................54 3.1.4 Ecology..........................................................................................................................55 Page 3 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 3 March, 2006 3.1.5 Topography and Land Use ............................................................................................56 3.2 S OCIO - ECONOMIC AND C OMMUNITY B ASELINE .....................................................................57 3.2.1 Industry and Agriculture................................................................................................57 3.2.2 Ethnic Minority..............................................................................................................57 3.2.3 Cultural Relics...............................................................................................................58 3.3 I DENTIFICATION OF S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS ............................................................................59 3.4 A IR Q UALITY B ASELINE .........................................................................................................66 3.4.1 Fushun:..........................................................................................................................66 3.4.2 Benxi..............................................................................................................................69 3.4.3 Jinzhou: .........................................................................................................................72 3.4.4 Panjin:...........................................................................................................................75 3.4.5 Liaoyang:.......................................................................................................................77 3.4.5 Dengta ...........................................................................................................................80 3.5 A CCOUSTIC Q UALITY B ASELINE ............................................................................................82 3.5.1 Fushun:..........................................................................................................................82 3.5.2 Benxi:.............................................................................................................................85 3.5.3 Jinzhou: .........................................................................................................................88 3.5.4 Panjin:...........................................................................................................................92 3.5.5 Liaoyang:.......................................................................................................................95 3.5.6 Dengta ...........................................................................................................................98 3.5.7 Noise Baseline Summary ...............................................................................................98 3.6 S URFACE W ATER Q UALITY B ASELINE ...................................................................................99 3.6.1 Fushun:..........................................................................................................................99 3.6.3 Liaoyang:.....................................................................................................................100 3.6.4 Panjin...........................................................................................................................101 3.7 G ROUNDWATER B ASELINE ...................................................................................................102 3.8 V IBRATION B ASELINE ..........................................................................................................103 4 CONSTRUCTION IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION .......................................................................................................................105 4.1 S OIL E ROSION .......................................................................................................................105 4.2 C OMMUNITY I MPACTS ..........................................................................................................105 4.3 C ONSTRUCTION N OISE I MPACT AND M ITIGATION ................................................................106 4.3.1 Scope and standards of assessment .............................................................................106 4.3.2 Construction Machinery Noise Intensity .....................................................................107 4.3.3 Predicted Noise Levels and Impact..............................................................................108 4.3.4 Construction Noise Impact Mitigation.........................................................................109 4.3.6 Impacts of Night Time Construction Noise..................................................................110 4.3.7 Night Time Construction Noise Mitigation..................................................................111 4.4 C ONSTRUCTION A IR I MPACT AND M ITIGATION ....................................................................113 4.4.1 Air Impact Assessment.................................................................................................113 4.4.2 Air Impact Mitigation..................................................................................................114 Page 4 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 4 March, 2006 4.5 W ATER I MPACT AND M ITIGATION DURING C ONSTRUCTION .................................................114 4.5.1 Impact Assessment.......................................................................................................114 4.5.2 Water Impact Mitigation..............................................................................................115 4.6 S OLID W ASTE I MPACT AND M ITIGATION DURING C ONSTRUCTION .......................................116 4.6.1 Solid Waste Impact......................................................................................................116 4.6.2 Solid Waste Impact Mitigation ....................................................................................117 4.7 E COLOGICAL I MPACTS AND M ITIGATION .............................................................................118 4.8 C HANCE -F IND P ROCEDURES ................................................................................................119 4.9 C ONTRACTOR M ANAGEMENT ...............................................................................................120 5 OPERATION IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION .......................................................................................................................122 5.1 P ROJECT B ENEFITS AND P OSITIVE I MPACTS .........................................................................122 5.2 A IR I MPACT AND M ITIGATION ..............................................................................................124 5.2.1 Prediction Model.........................................................................................................124 5.2.2 Prediction in Each City .....................................................................................................127 5.2.3 Air Impact Mitigation..................................................................................................139 5.3 N OISE I MPACTS AND M ITIGATION ........................................................................................142 5.3.1 Prediction Model.........................................................................................................142 5.3.2 Noise Predictin Results................................................................................................145 5.3.3 Mitigation for Noise Impact.........................................................................................156 5.4 S URFACE W ATER I MPACT AND M ITIGATION ........................................................................166 5.4.1 Beidi Overpass on Taizi River in Benxi:......................................................................166 5.4.2 Impact on Hubin Lake in Panjin..................................................................................168 5.4.3 Accident Analysis for Beidi Bridge..............................................................................168 5.4.4 Water Impact Mitigation..............................................................................................170 5.5 C OMMUNITY I MPACT AND M ITIGATION ................................................................................171 5.6 I MPACT TO C ULTURAL P ROPERTIES ......................................................................................173 5.7 I MPACTS AT D ISPPOSAL S ITES AND M ITIGATION ..................................................................174 5.8 R ESETTLEMENT AND R ELOCATION ......................................................................................175 5.8.1 Scope of Impacts.........................................................................................................175 5.8.2 Compensation..............................................................................................................178 5.9 S AFEGUARDS A SSURANCE AND C OMPLIANCE ..................................................................181 6 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ................................................................184 6.1 W ITH AND W ITHOUT THE P ROJECT ......................................................................................184 6.2 A NALYSIS OF A LTERNATIVES OF THE B ENXI P ROJECT .........................................................185 6.3 A NALYSIS OF A LTERNATIVES OF F USHUN P ROJECT .............................................................187 6.4 A NALYSIS OF A LTERNATIVES FOR L IAOYANG P ROJECT .......................................................190 6.5 A NALYSIS OF A LTERNATIVES FOR P ANJIN P ROJECT .............................................................192 6.7 A NALYSIS OF A LTERNATIVES OF D ENGTA P ROJECT .............................................................197 Page 5 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 5 March, 2006 7 PUBLIC CONSULTATION ...............................................................................199 7.1 O BJECTIVES ..........................................................................................................................199 7.2 A PPROACH AND M ETHODOLOGY ..........................................................................................199 7.3 F IRST R OUND P UBLIC C ONSULTATION R ESULTS ..................................................................200 7.4 S ECOND R OUND OF P UBLIC C ONSULTATION R ESULTS .........................................................208 7.5 I NFORMATION D ISCLOSURE ..................................................................................................210 8 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING .............................................................................................................................................................211 8.1 E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT O RGANIZATIONS ....................................211 8.2 E NVIRONMENTAL M ANAGEMENT ...............................................................213 8.3 P ERSONNEL T RAINING ...............................................................................214 8.4 E NVIRONMENTAL M ONITORING .................................................................215 9 CONCLUSIONS .............................................................................................................219 APPENDIX I AIR QUALITY MODELING RESULTS OF DIFFERENT PROJECT CITIES .............................................................................................................................................................220 Page 6 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 6 March, 2006 LIST OF TABLE T ABLE 1-1 F UNCTIONAL Z ONING FOR P ROJECT A REA ..................................................................15 T ABLE 1-2 A IR Q UALITY S TANDARDS ...........................................................................................15 T ABLE 1-3 V EHICLE E MISSION S TANDARDS ..................................................................................15 T ABLE 1-4 N OISE S TANDARD UNIT : D B(A)...................................................................................16 T A BLE 1-5S T ANDARDS FOR N O ISE AT B O RDER OF C O NSTRUCTION S I TE ......................................16 T ABLE 1-6 S URFACE W ATER Q UALITY S TANDARDS .....................................................................16 T ABLE 1-7 S TANDARD OF W ASTEWATER D ISCHARGE ..................................................................17 T ABLE 1-8S UNSHINE O BSTRUCTION S TANDARDS ..........................................................................17 T ABLE 2- 1 B ENXI R OAD C OMPONENT ...........................................................................................14 T ABLE 2-2 B ENXI B RIDGES C OMPONENT .......................................................................................16 T ABLE 2-3 B ENXI P UBLIC T RANSPORT C OMPONENT .....................................................................16 T ABLE 2-4 B ENXI C APITAL C OST B REAKDOWN (10 THOUSAND ) ..................................................17 T ABLE 2-5 B ENXI P ROJECT E ARTHWORK B ALANCE ( CUBIC METERS )...........................................18 T ABLE 2-6 V EHICLE F LEET C OMPOSITION IN B ENXI ....................................................................19 T ABLE 2-7 B ENXI P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2010.......................................19 T ABLE 2-8 B ENXI P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2020.......................................20 T ABLE 2-9 B ENXI T RAFFIC S PEEDS P ROJECTION ...........................................................................21 T ABLE 2-10 F USHUN R OAD C OMPONENT .......................................................................................22 T ABLE 2-11 F USHUN B RIDGES .......................................................................................................23 T ABLE 2-12 F USHUN C APITAL C OST B REAKDOWN .......................................................................24 T ABLE 2-13 E ARTHWORK M ATERIALS B ALANCE IN F USHUN .......................................................25 T ABLE 2-14 F USHUN V EHICLE F LEET C OMPOSITION IN F USHUN .................................................25 T ABLE 2-15 F USHUN T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2010.......................................................26 T ABLE 2-16 F USHUN T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2020.......................................................26 T ABLE 2-17 F USHUN T RAFFIC S PEEDS P ROJECTION ......................................................................27 T ABLE 2-18 L IAOYANG R OAD I NFRASTRUCTURE I NVESTMENT P ROGRAM ....................................27 T ABLE 2-19 L IAOYANG B RIDGES C OMPONENT ..............................................................................28 T ABLE 2-20 L IAOYANG C APITAL C OST B REAKDOWN ...................................................................29 T ABLE 2-21 L IAOYANG P ROJECT E ARTHWORK B ALANCE .............................................................30 T ABLE 2-22 V EHICLE F LEET C OMPOSITION IN L IAOYANG ..........................................................31 T ABLE 2-23 L IAOYANG P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2010..............................31 T ABLE 2-24 L IAOYANG P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2020..............................31 T ABLE 2-25 L IAOYANG T RAFFIC S PEEDS P ROJECTION ..................................................................32 T ABLE 2-26 P ANJIN R OAD C OMPONENT ........................................................................................32 T ABLE 2-27 P ANJIN B RIDGES C OMPONENT ....................................................................................33 T ABLE 2-28 P ANJIN C APITAL C OST B REAKDOWN .........................................................................34 T ABLE 2-29 P ANJIN P ROJECT E ARTHWORK B ALANCE ...................................................................35 T ABLE 2-30 V EHICLE F LEET C OMPOSITION IN P ANJIN .................................................................35 T ABLE 2-31 P ANJIN P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2010....................................36 Page 7 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 7 March, 2006 T ABLE 2-32 P ANJIN P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2020....................................36 T ABLE 2-33 P ANJIN T RAFFIC S PEEDS P ROJECTION ........................................................................37 T ABLE 2-34 J INZHOU R OAD C OMPONENT ......................................................................................37 T A BLE 2-35 J I NZHOU B R IDGE C O MPONENT ...................................................................................39 T ABLE 2-36 J INZHOU C APITAL C OST B REAKDOWN .......................................................................39 T ABLE 2-37 J INZHOU P ROJECT E ARTHWORK B ALANCE .................................................................40 T ABLE 2-38 V EHICLE F LEET C OMPOSITION IN J INZHOU ...............................................................41 T ABLE 2-39 J INZHOU P EAK H OUR T RAFFIC V OLUME F ORECAST FOR 2010..................................41 T A BLE 2-40 J I NZHOU P E AK H O UR T R AFFIC V O LUME F O RECAST FOR 2020..................................42 T ABLE 2-41 J INZHOU T RAFFIC S PEEDS P ROJECTION ......................................................................42 T ABLE 2-42 M AIN C ONTENTS OF D ENGTA P ROJECT ......................................................................44 T ABLE 2-43 M OTOR V EHICLE N OISE I NTENSITY ............................................................................44 T ABLE 2-44 C ONSTRUCTION C AMP W ASTEWATER C HARACTERISTICS .........................................44 T ABLE 2-45 C ONTAMINANT C ONCENTRATIONS OF S URFACE R UNOFF FROM R OAD ......................45 T ABLE 3-1G EOGRAPHICAL L OCATION OF THE C ITIES ....................................................................47 T ABLE 3-2 C LIMATE AND O THER C HARACTERISTICS OF THE S IX C ITIES ......................................48 T ABLE 3-3 M AIN E CONOMIC I NDICATORS OF THE P ROJECT C ITIES (2004)....................................51 T ABLE 3-4 S UMMARY OF C ULTURAL R ELICS IN P OTENTIALLY P ROJECT I MPACTED A REAS .........53 T ABLE 3-5E NVIRONMENTALLY S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS WITHIN F USHUN P ROJECT .......................54 T ABLE 3-6 E NVIRONMENTALLY S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS WITHIN B ENXI P ROJECT .........................55 T ABLE 3-7E NVIRONMENTALLY S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS WITHIN L IAOYANG P ROJECT ..................56 T ABLE 3-8 S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS OF THE P ANJIN P ROJECT ..........................................................58 T ABLE 3-9 S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS OF THE J INZHOU P ROJECT .......................................................59 T ABLE 3-10 S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS WITHIN D ENTA P ROJECT .......................................................59 T ABLE 3-11 L OCATION OF A IR Q UALITY S AMPLING IN F USHUN ...................................................61 T ABLE 3-12 S AMPLING R ESULT OF CO..........................................................................................61 T ABLE 3-13 S AMPLING R ESULT OF NO 2 .......................................................................................62 T ABLE 3-14 S AMPLING R ESULT OF THC........................................................................................62 T ABLE 3-15 A NNUAL A VERAGE OF A IR P OLLUTANT C ONCENTRATION .......................................63 T ABLE 3-16 L OCATION OF A IR Q UALITY S AMPLING IN B ENXI ......................................................64 T ABLE 3-17 S AMPLING R ESULT OF PM 10 .....................................................................................64 T ABLE 3-18 S AMPLING R ESULT OF CO..........................................................................................65 T ABLE 3-19 S AMPLING R ESULT OF NO..........................................................................................65 T ABLE 3-20 S AMPLING R ESULT OF THC........................................................................................66 T ABLE 3-21 S TATISTICAL D ATA OF A IR Q UALITY BY S EASON FOR J INZHOU ...............................67 T ABLE 3-22S TATISTICAL D ATA OF A IR Q UALITY BY A REA FOR J INZHOU .....................................67 T ABLE 3-23 L OCATION OF A IR Q UALITY S AMPLING IN J INZHOU ..................................................68 T ABLE 3-24 S AMPLING R ESULTS , H OURLY V ALUES .....................................................................68 T ABLE 3-25 S AMPLING R ESULTS , D AILY V ALUES .....................................................................68 T ABLE 3-26 L OCATION OF A IR Q UALITY S AMPLING IN P ANJIN ....................................................70 T ABLE 3-27 S AMPLING R ESULT OF PM 10 .......................................................................................70 T ABLE 3-28 S AMPLING R ESULT OF CO..........................................................................................71 T ABLE 3-29 S AMPLING R ESULT OF NO2 .......................................................................................71 Page 8 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 8 March, 2006 T ABLE 3-30 S AMPLING R ESULT OF THC........................................................................................71 T ABLE 3-31 Y EARLY A VERAGE C ONCENTRATION OF A IR P OLLUTANTS ......................................72 T ABLE 3-32 L OCATION OF A IR Q UALITY S AMPLING IN L IAOYANG ...............................................73 T A BLE 3-33 S A MPLING R E SULT OF PM10......................................................................................73 T ABLE 3-34 S AMPLING R ESULT OF CO..........................................................................................74 T ABLE 3-35 S AMPLING R ESULT OF NO2........................................................................................74 T ABLE 3-36 A IR MONITORING RESULTS PM10...............................................................................75 T ABLE 3-37 A RI QUALITY MOINTORINGRESULTS CO.....................................................................75 T A BLE 3-38 A I R QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS NO2..................................................................76 T ABLE 3-39 A IR M ONITORING R ESULTS HC.................................................................................76 T ABLE 3-40 L OCATION OF N OISE M ONITORING P OINTS IN F USHUN ............................................77 T ABLE 3-41 N OISE M ONITORING R ESULTS IN F USHUN ................................................................79 T ABLE 3-42 L OCATION OF N OISE M ONITORING P OINTS IN B ENXI ................................................81 T ABLE 3-43 N OISE M ONITORING R ESULTS IN B ENXI ....................................................................82 T ABLE 3-44 L OCATION FO N OISE M ONITORING P OINTS IN J INZHOU .............................................84 T ABLE 3-45 N OISE M ONITORING D ATA IN J INZHOU ......................................................................85 T ABLE 3-46 N OISE M ONITORING D ATA AT DIFFERENT LEVEL AND D ISTANCE .............................86 T ABLE 3-47 L OCATION FO N OISE M ONITORING P OINTS IN P ANJIN ...............................................88 T ABLE 3-48 N OISE M ONITORING R ESULTS IN P ANJIN ....................................................................89 T ABLE 3-49 L OCATION FO N OISE M ONITORING P OINTS IN L IAOYANG .........................................91 T ABLE 3-50 N OISE M ONITORING D ATA IN L IAOYANG .................................................................92 T ABLE 3-51N OISE B ASELINE M ONITORING R ESULTS IN D ENGTA .................................................93 T ABLE 3-52 S URFACE W ATER Q UALITY (2003).............................................................................94 T ABLE 3-53 L OCATION OF S URFACE W ATER Q UALITY S AMPLING IN B ENXI ................................95 T ABLE 3-54S AMPLING R ESULT ......................................................................................................96 T ABLE 3-55 L OCATION OF S URFACE W ATER Q UALITY S AMPLING IN B ENXI ................................96 T ABLE 3-56 M ONITORING R ESULT .................................................................................................96 T ABLE 3-57 W ATER Q UALITY M ONITORING R ESULTS AT S HUANGTAIZI R IVER ...........................96 T ABLE 3-58 H UBIN L AKE W ATER Q UALITY M OINTORING R ESULTS .............................................97 T ABLE 3-59W ATER Q UALITY OF X IAJIAHE W ELLFIELD ................................................................97 T ABLE 3-60 G ROUNDWATER Q UALITY AT P ANJIN .........................................................................98 T ABLE 3-61 V IBRATION M ONITORING R ESULT IN B ENXI ..............................................................98 T ABLE 4-1 C ONSTRUCTION S ITE B OUNDARY N OISE S TANDARDS ...............................................101 T ABLE 4-2 N OISE OF D IFFERENT C ONSTRUCTION M ACHINERY .................................................102 T ABLE 4-3 N OISE L EVELS OF C ONSTRUCTION M ACHINERY .......................................................103 T ABLE 4-4 D UST C ONCENTRATIONS NEAR C ONSTRUCTION S ITES ...............................................108 T ABLE 4-5 S UMMARY OF S OLID W ASTE AND D ISPOSAL ..............................................................111 T ABLE 5-1 P REDICTED A IR Q UALITY IMPACT IN F USHUN ...........................................................121 T ABLE 5-2 F REQUENCY OF M ETEOROLOGICAL S TABILITY ..........................................................123 T ABLE 5-3 P REDICTED AIR QUALITY IMPACT IN B ENXI ...............................................................124 T ABLE 5-4 P REDICTED AIR QUALITY IMPACT IN J INZHOU ...........................................................125 T ABLE 5-5 P REDICTED AIR QUALITY IMPACTS IN P ANJIN ............................................................126 T ABLE 5-6 P REDICTED AIR QUALITY IMPACT IN L IAOYANG ........................................................130 Page 9 Liaoning Medium City Infrastructure Improvement Project I - Environmental Impact Assessment Liaoning Academy of Environmental Sciences 9 March, 2006 T ABLE 5-7 T YPES OF V EHICLE .....................................................................................................136 T ABLE 5-8 T HE V ALUES OF K 2 T AKEN AT D IFFERENT M OTOR V EHICLE S PACING .....................138 T ABLE 5-9 T HE N OISE L EVEL C ORRECTIONS ..............................................................................138 T ABLE 5-10 V ALUES FOR 2 L D FOREST .........................................................................................139 T ABLE 5-11 2 L D V ALUES FOR B UILDINGS ..................................................................................139 T ABLE 5-12 N OISE P REDICTION R ESULTS FOR K EY S ENSITIVE R ECEPTORS IN F USHUN ..............139 T ABLE 5-13 N OISE M ODELING R ESULTS