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Polio Bulletin - 2015, Issue no. 07 (Week 15)

13 avril 2015 Organisation mondiale de la santé

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2015 Issue No. 7 - Week 15 (as of 13 April 2015) HIGHLIGHTS 60 years with the Salk Vaccine Sixty years ago on the 12th of April, a vaccine developed by Jonas Salk proved to be safe and effective in protecting children against polio. This gave the world one of the critical tools needed to begin the fight against the crippling disease. Since then, the polio programme has been one of the most successful public health programmes in history, reducing polio cases by 99%. As we commemorate Jonas Salk’s remarkable achievement, the vaccine that began this journey – the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) – is playing an important role in the final steps towards eradication, and ensuring that the virus will never be able to return. The combination of the oral polio vaccine and IPV led to the eradication of polio in the Americas, in the Western Pacific, and Europe. With the declaration of the WHO’s South-East Asia Region as polio-free in 2014, 80% of the world’s populations now live in polio-free regions – a public health milestone that was unimaginable when Salk first began his work on vaccines. Now, on 12 April 2015, as we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the introduction of Salk’s IPV we are reminded of more than 10 million people walking today who would otherwise have been paralyzed by polio. In the past six months, just two countries have reported cases of wild poliovirus: Afghanistan and Pakistan. As a polio-free world comes into sharper focus, Salk’s vaccine is once again demonstrating its importance. In 2015, 120 countries are introducing his IPV into their routine immunization systems. With the phased removal of OPV, reaching all children with IPV will be essential in securing the gains made against polio for future generations. Excerpted from “Finishing What He Started” published at: www.polioeradication.org/mediaroom/newsstories/FinishingWhat-He-Started/tabid/526/news/1218/Default.aspx 3.0

Polio Bulletin

Chart 1. Non-polio AFP rate (per 100 000 persons < 15 years of age), 2013–2015* 100%

Chart 2. Adequate specimen collection rate, 2013–2015

2.5

80%

2.0 60%

1.5 40%

1.0 20%

0.5

0.0 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15

0% 13 14 CHN 15 13 14 KHM 15 13 14 LAO 15 13 14 MYS 15 13 14 PHL 15 13 14 PNG 15 13 14 VNM 15

* AFP rate annualized as of week 15

Chart 3. Percentage of reported AFP cases by number of polio vaccination doses, 2015 100%

Chart 4. Percentage of reported AFP cases with pending classification > 90 days after onset, 2015 CHN 5.2% 0.0% 0.0% 6.9% 14.1% 0.0% 13.8% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16%

80%

KHM LAO MYS

60%

40%

PHL PNG VNM

CONTACT US Expanded Programme on Immunization Regional Office for the Western Pacific World Health Organization P.O. Box 2932, 1000 Manila, Philippines Phone: +63 2 5288001 Fax: +63 2 5211036, 5260279 Email: WPR_EPIdata@wpro.who.int Web: www.wpro.who.int/immunization

20%

0% CHN KHM LAO MYS 1-2 doses

PHL 0 doses

PNG Unknown

VNM

≥ 3 doses

Note: Priority countries were selected for the charts. Official WHO acronyms have been used for abbreviation: CHN (China), KHM (Cambodia), LAO (Lao People’s Democratic Republic), MYS (Malaysia), PHL (Philippines), PNG (Papua New Guinea), and VNM (Viet Nam).

Table 1A. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key surveillance indicators 2013 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate % % with % with investigated 60-day adequate 2 days of ≤ 4 specimens 2 3 follow-up notification ≥ 80% ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date 5 Days since last report 6

2014 Indicators

Poliocompatible

Discarded (Non-polio)

Total

> 90 days 1 # (%)

≥1

≤ 30

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam Pacific island countries and areas Total 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

62 1 73 5623 12 1 0 48 155 7 12 18 277 84 7 459 8 6847

44 1 46 2225 8 1 167 25 77 8 9 30 378 72 6 231 10 3338

60 4 72 5762 19 1 0 28 161 9 8 12 274 88 8 362 15 6883

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

58 4 68 5755 19 1 27 161 9 8 12 267 88 8 361 10 6856

0 0 4 7 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 1 5 24

0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (1.4%) 7 (0.1%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 6 (2.2%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.3%) 5 (33.3%) 20 (0.3%) Green Yellow Red

1.36 4.00 1.57 2.59 2.38 1.00 1.12 2.09 1.13 0.89 0.40 0.72 1.22 1.33 1.57 1.50 2.06

50% 75% 96% 92% 89% 0% 57% 73% 89% 38% 33% 60% 86% 75% 96% 67% 90%

83% 100% 93% 100% 100% 100% 93% 87% 100% 100% 75% 97% 98% 88% 93% 93% 99%

0% 100% 67% 95% 100% 100% 83% 100% 100% 80% 0% 6% 100% 100% 92% 80% 76%

07-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 16-Feb-15 08-Apr-15 05-Mar-15 13-Jan-15 04-Feb-15 10-Mar-15 05-Mar-15 11-Mar-15 07-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 16-Feb-15 07-Jan-15 07-Apr-15 23-Mar-15

56 5 68 6 6 21

Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Percentage of reported cases with inadequate specimens for which the 60-day follow-up evaluation has been completed Report date is fixed as soon as all cases for the year have been classified Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO

Reached or surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 for non-polio AFP rate; 60–79% for other indicators Substantially below target

Polio Bulletin

Table 1B. Classification of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key surveillance indicators 2014 Classification Total reported cases Annual expected cases <15 years of age Pending Total reported cases Confirmed wild poliovirus Vaccinederived poliovirus (VDPV) Non-polio AFP rate 2 % % with % with investigated 60-day adequate 2 days of ≤ 5 specimens 3 4 follow-up notification ≥ 80% ≥ 80% ≥ 80% Latest report date Days since last report 6

2015 Indicators

Poliocompatible

Discarded (Non-polio)

Total

> 90 days 1 # (%)

≥1

≤ 30

60 4 72 5762 19 1 0 28 161 9 8 12 274 88 8 362 15 6883

44 1 46 2234 8 1 163 26 77 9 9 34 387 70 6 231 10 3356

8 1 8 850 5 0 0 7 29 2 1 8 64 12 3 29 0 1027

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 295 4 3 11 1 0 2 0 7 2 0 326

8 0 8 555 1 4 18 1 1 6 64 5 1 29 701

0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 44 (5.2%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 2 (6.9%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 9 (14.1%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 4 (13.8%) 59 (5.7%) Green Yellow Red

0.63 3.47 0.60 1.32 2.17 0.93 1.31 0.77 0.39 0.82 0.57 0.59 1.73 0.44 1.06

25% 100% 100% 93% 80% 71% 83% 100% 100% 63% 53% 67% 100% 90% 89%

100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 86% 66% 100% 100% 75% 97% 100% 100% 97% 98%

0% 48% 0% 0% 40% 0% 3% 25% 0% 29%

07-Apr-15 08-Apr-15 04-Apr-15 08-Apr-15 09-Apr-15 12-Mar-15 06-Apr-15 10-Apr-15 01-Apr-15 11-Mar-15 07-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 18-Mar-15 06-Apr-15 07-Apr-15 24-Mar-15

6 5 9 5 4 32 7 3 12 33 6 6 26 7 6 20

Number (%) of reported cases pending classification more than 90 days from date of onset of paralysis to date of last report Annualized non-polio AFP rate per 100 000 population under 15 years of age Percentage of reported cases with two stool specimens collected 24 hours apart and within 14 days of onset of paralysis Percentage of reported cases investigated within two days of notification Percentage of reported cases with inadequate specimens for which the 60-day follow-up evaluation has been completed Countries are expected to submit data at least once per month to WPRO

Reached or surpassed target Nearly reached target: 0.5–0.99 for non-polio AFP rate; 60–79% for other indicators Substantially below target

Polio Bulletin

Table 2A. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2014 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country National polio laboratory Total no. of AFP L20B cases w ith positive specimens L20B positive + NPEV NPEV only Pending ≤ 14 Negative days % % results Latest Pending reported specimens positive report date > 14 2 ≤ 14 days for NPEV days ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ Sequencing lab 1 No. of isolates received Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Type 3 Sabin VDPV Wild Sabin VDPV NPEV 3

Pending ITD

% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 pending days of sequencing receipt ≥ 80%

Australia Brunei Darussalam Cambodia China China, Anhui China, Beijing China, Fujian China, Gansu China, Guangdong China, Guangxi China, Hebei China, Heilongjiang China, Henan China, Hunan China, Jiangsu China, Jiangxi China, Jilin China, Shaanxi China, Shandong China, Shanghai China, Shanxi China, Sichuan China, Tianjin China, Xinjiang China, Yunnan China, Zhejiang China, Chongqing China, Guizhou China, Hainan China, Hubei China, Liaoning China, Neimongol China, Ningxia China, Qinghai China, Tibet China, Hong Kong SAR China, Macao SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malaysia Mongolia New Zealand Papua New Guinea Philippines Republic of Korea Singapore Viet Nam (North) Viet Nam (South) Pacific island countries and areas Total

VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab Prov. Lab PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR PHI IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

45 2 73 5695 334 40 213 121 354 278 332 150 536 267 319 190 54 95 396 29 205 412 27 99 267 189 73 206 43 186 137 88 31 21 3 19 0 0 25 164 9 5 10 342 88 8 216 136 12 6849

0 0 5 112 20 1 2 0 4 6 11 2 4 4 18 2 1 1 5 2 4 4 0 1 11 2 0 0 0 2 1 2 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 123

0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 3

2 0 12 585 26 0 27 8 47 56 37 7 61 36 3 27 7 2 39 0 2 42 3 5 38 20 14 23 7 23 18 3 0 4 0 4 5 4 1 1 4 13 8 0 30 16 1 686

43 2 56 4984 288 39 184 113 303 214 283 141 470 222 298 161 46 92 352 27 199 365 24 90 218 167 59 183 36 161 117 83 29 17 3 15 19 160 8 4 5 324 80 8 186 120 11 6025

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13

96% 50% 96% 75% 83% 81% 92% 79% 81% 64% 69% 89% 80% 90% 79% 92% 66% 89% 83% 98% 55% 42% 93% 96% 51% 69% 71% 90% 76% 60% 85% 64% 76% 93% 75% 93% 100% 100% 100% 91% 100% 88% 97% 100% 100% 93% 100% 76%

2% 0% 14% 9% 7% 0% 10% 5% 11% 16% 8% 4% 9% 13% 1% 13% 11% 2% 7% 0% 1% 9% 9% 4% 11% 8% 15% 10% 14% 12% 11% 2% 0% 17% 0% 11% 18% 2% 11% 18% 50% 3% 10% 0% 12% 11% 4% 8%

22-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 02-Feb-15 08-Apr-15

VIDRL VIDRL NIID Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC Prov. Lab/CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC CCDC

0 0 10 307 45 11 3 6 9 12 11 6 6 4 44 4 4 2 8 6 12 10 10 6 24 8 4 13 0 6 19 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 13 2 0 0 0 0 336

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 72 10 3 0 2 4 0 2 0 1 2 7 1 1 0 3 0 2 4 2 4 7 0 0 0 4 9 4 0 0 4 0 76

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10 106 14 1 0 2 3 7 6 2 2 2 15 0 1 2 3 2 6 4 4 2 7 2 2 7 0 4 2 4 0 6 0 122

0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 113 21 7 3 2 2 5 1 3 3 0 17 1 2 0 2 4 2 2 4 0 10 4 2 6 2 4 2 2 2 2 0 117

0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 2 11

0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

100% 95% 91% 100% 100% 100% 78% 100% 100% 100% 75% 100% 97% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 93% 100% 100% 82% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 96%

13-Jan-15 13-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 10-Feb-15 16-Mar-15 12-Jan-15 22-Jan-15 11-Mar-15 16-Feb-15 14-Jan-15 11-Feb-15 21-Jan-15 22-Jan-15

PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

1. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia) 2. The target of 14 days for the timeliness of virus isolation will be used for all polio laboratories 3. NPEV growing in L20B cells

Polio Bulletin

Table 2B. Laboratory investigation of AFP cases with onset in 2015 and key laboratory indicators Virus isolation results Country National polio laboratory Total no. of AFP L20B cases with positive specimens L20B positive + NPEV NPEV only Pending ≤ 14 Negative days % % results Latest Pending reported specimens positive report date > 14 2 ≤ 14 days for NPEV days ≥ 80% Intratypic differentiation/ 1 Sequencing lab No. of isolates received Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV W ild Intratypic differentiation (ITD)/sequencing results Type 2 Type 3 Sabin VDPV W ild Sabin VDPV NPEV 3

Pending ITD

% ITD results Discordant reported ≤ 7 days of pending receipt sequencing ≥ 80%

6 1 6 837 37 9 25 6 51 32 52 19 90 37 50 25 12 14 75 9 26 74 14 20 25 43 16 24 5 18 14 9 3 3 0 3 0 0 4 35 2 1 6 160 12 3 17 23 0 1116

0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 15 0 0 2 2 21

4 1 5 780 34 9 25 6 49 32 50 19 88 35 47 16 12 14 74 9 26 57 13 17 22 40 12 22 5 18 14 9 3 3 3 4 27 2 1 2 132 8 3 14 18 1004

2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 4 11 4 0 1 3 32

0 0 0 48 3 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 3 6 0 0 1 0 0 17 0 3 3 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 50

86% 100% 100% 97% 94% 100% 96% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 94% 100% 95% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 84% 98% 100% 100% 100% 88% 100% 91% 100% 89% 100% 100% 100% 100% 82% 100% 100% 75% 100% 100% 93% 100% 100% 100% 95% 97%

0% 0% 17% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 0% 0% 7% 0% 0% 10% 10% 0%

02-Apr-15 02-Apr-15 06-Apr-15 08-Apr-15

0 0 0 26 0 2 0 0 9 0 0 0 3 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

12 0 4 3 2 0 2 1 0 12

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

9 2 3 0 2 0 2 0 0 9

2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 3

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

86% 0% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 0% 86%

25-Mar-15 25-Mar-15 09-Mar-15 10-Apr-15 30-Mar-15 08-Apr-15 02-Apr-15 08-Apr-15 18-Mar-15 09-Apr-15 12-Mar-15 09-Apr-15 02-Apr-15

CCDC PHLC PHLC NIID NIID IMR NIID IESR VIDRL RITM NIH SGH NIHE PI VIDRL

Polio Bulletin

Table 3A. Laboratory confirmation of polio isolates from other sources in 2014 Non-AFP cases Country Intratypic differentiation lab 2 Total number Total number of non-AFP of non-AFP cases tested cases with for polio polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 2 Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 Sabin VDPV Pending NPEV ITD Discordant Total number pending of samples sequencing processed Total number of samples with polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV

Environmental samples Type 2 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 NPEV Sabin VDPV Pending ITD Discordant pending sequencing

96 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 203 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 305

0 3 1 2 0 3 6

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 3 1 2 0 1 4

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 1 0 1 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0 23 0 23

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 167 0 0 14 0 48 0 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 48 12 0 0 0 27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 191

0 167 14 48 18 48 12 27 7 174

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

79 1 21 11 13 6 27 1 80

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

129 4 22 37 16 12 38 1 130

2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

115 0 15 47 23 10 20 5 120

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 10

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1. Based on year of collection of sample, if available. Otherw ise, based on year of receipt at reference laboratory. 2. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia)

Polio Bulletin

Table 3B. Laboratory confirmation of polio isolates from other sources in 2015 Non-AFP cases Country Intratypic differentiation lab 2 Total number Total number of non-AFP of non-AFP cases tested cases with for polio polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 2 Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 Sabin VDPV Pending NPEV ITD Discordant Total number pending of samples sequencing processed Total number of samples with polio isolates Type 1 Wild Sabin VDPV

Environmental samples Type 2 Wild Sabin VDPV Wild Type 3 NPEV Sabin VDPV Pending ITD Discordant pending sequencing

23 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 26 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 51

0 0 2 2

0 0 0

0 1 1

0 0 0

0 1 1

0 0 0

0 2 0 2

0 0 0 0

8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8

1 1

0 0

1 1

0 0

5 5

0 0

1. Based on year of collection of sample, if available. Otherwise, based on year of receipt at reference laboratory. 2. CCDC (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, China); IESR (Institute of Environmental Science and Research, New Zealand); IMR (Institute of Medical Research, Malaysia); NIH (National Institute of Health, Republic of Korea); NIHE (National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Ha Noi, Viet Nam); NIID (National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan); PHI (Public Health Institute, Mongolia); PHLC (Public Health Laboratory Center, China, Hong Kong SAR); PI (Pasteur Institute, Ho Chi Minh, Viet Nam); RITM (Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Philippines); SGH (Singapore General Hospital); VIDRL (Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Australia)

Polio Bulletin

Table 4. Vaccine-derived poliovirus, 2000–2015 Country Cambodia

2000–2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2006 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2009 (1 case) Total (27 cases) 2005 (3 cases) 2005 (1 case) Total (2 cases) 2004 (3 cases) 2003 (1 case) 2001 (3 cases) aVDPV2 (2 cases) ?VDPV2 (1 case) aVDPV2 (5 cases) aVDPV3 (2 cases) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (3 cases) cVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) aVDPV2 (1 case) cVDPV2 (3 cases) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) iVDPV2 + iVDPV3 (1 case) aVDPV1 (1 case) aVDPV2 (2 cases) iVDPV3 (1 case)

China China, Hong Kong SAR Japan Lao People's Democratic Republic Mongolia Philippines Viet Nam

?VDPV2 (1 case)

1. Prefix letter refers to the VDPV category - "cVDPV" = circulating VDPV, "iVDPV" = immunodeficiency-associated VDPV, "aVDPV" = ambiguous VDPV, "?VDPV" = unknown. Suffix number refers to the poliovirus serotype (types 1, 2 or 3). 2. Refers to year of last VDPV case, and aggregate total of VDPV cases for 2000-2009

Polio Bulletin

Informations clés

Organisation Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS)

Type de document Technical Documents

Date d'adoption 13 avril 2015

Source Organisation mondiale de la santé